An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary
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by Bosworth and Toller
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O
ob, ober, obet. v. of, ofer, ofet.
oden, e; f. A threshing-floor :-- Frymþa odene ðínre primitias areae tuae, Scint. 29. Beóþ sume on búre, sume on healle, sume on ódene, sume on carcerne, and lybbaþ ðeáh æalle be ánes hláfordes áre, Shrn. 187, 23. On odene cylne macian, Som.
of; prep. with dat., or adv. Of, from, out of, off. I. with the idea of motion, (α) as the opposite of in, into :-- Se wyll ástáh upp of ðære eorþan fons ascendebat e terra, Ælfc. Gr. 47; Som. 47, 61. Hé ástáh of ðam wætere ascendit de aqua, Mt. Kmbl. 3, 16. 'Drihten ásette on sunnan his hús, and of ðæm út eode swá swá brýdguma of his brýdbúre.' Ðæt wæs ðonne ðæt se wuldorcyning on middangeard cwom forþ of ðæm innoþe ðære á clǽnan fǽmnan, Blickl. Homl. 9, 30-33. Faran of stówe tó óðerre, 19, 23 : Gen. 12, 4. (β) as the opposite of on :-- Moises eode nyðer of ðam munte tó ðam folce, Ex. 19, 14. Crist of heofona heánessum on ðínne innoþ ástígeþ, Blickl. Homl. 5, 13. II. with the idea of direction from, but at the same time continuous connection with an object from which an act or thing proceeds :-- Drihten lócaþ of heofenum Dominus de caelo prospexit, Ps. Th. 13, 3. Of wealle geseah weard Scyldinga, Beo. Th. 463; B. 229. Of ðam leóma stód from it stretched a ray, 5532; B. 2769. Ic geseah Ðrihten of ansíne tó ansíne, Gen. 32, 30. On ðæm dæge plegedon hié of horsum, Ors. 3, 7; Swt. 118, 29 : 3, 9; Swt. 132, 19. III. with the idea of origin or source :-- Ða nítenu of eallum cinne and of eallum fugelcynne, Gen. 7, 8. Ðá feóllon ða ciningas ofslagene of Sodoman and Gomorran rex Sodomorum et Gomorrhae ceciderunt ibi, 14, 10. Sum wer of Sceotta þeóde, Bd. 4, 25; S. 599, 27. Ða óðre seofan syndon derivativa, ðæt is ðæt hí cumaþ of ðám óðrum, Ælfc. Gr. 15; Som. 17, 44. Of Geáta fruman syndon Cantware ... Of Seaxum cóman Eást-Seaxan and Súþ-Seaxan and West-Seaxan, Bd. 1, 15; S. 483, 21-24. Ða men of Lundenbyrig, Chr. 896; Erl. 94, 17. Ðás woruldgesǽlþa of heora ágnum gecynde and heora ágnes gewealdes náuht góde ne sient, Bt. 16, 3; Fox 54, 17. Wæs sió bysen of him (the example that had its origin with them) ofer ealle world, Ors. 1, 5; Swt. 34. 31. Hié woldon of ǽlcerre byrig him self anwald habban (imperare singulae cupiunt) ... Ðá bǽdan hié Philippus ǽrest of ánre byrig, ðonne of óðerre, ðæt hé him on fultume wǽre, 3, 7; Swt. 112, 19-23. Mé of brýde bearn ne wócon, Cd. Th. 131, 30; Gen. 2184 : Exon. Th. 433, 26; Rä. 51, 2. Him stent ege of ðé timebunt te, Deut. 28, 10. Wendan on Englisc, hwílum word be worde, hwílum andgit of andgite, Past. Swt. 7, 20. Hwæðer ǽnig man wǽre ðe ǽnige mǽrþa of ðam Hǽlende hælde, St. And. 36, 31. Sóðfæstnesse, ða ðe ic gehýrde of Gode, Jn. Skt. 8, 40. IV. denoting the agent from whom an action proceeds, by :-- Æþelstán wæs gecoren tó cynge of Myrcum, Chr. 924; Erl. 111, 34. Hér wearþ Eádward cing gecoren tó hláfuorde of Scotta cinge and of Scotton and of eallum Norðhumbrum, Erl. 111, 11. Hé wæs of cilda múþe gecnáwen and weorþad, Blickl. Homl. 71, 33. V. denoting the instrument :-- Weorþian wé ða cláþas his hádes, of ðǽm wæs úre gecynd geedneówod, 11, 9. Hé of .v. hláfon and of twám fixum fíf þúsend manna gefylde, St. And. 28, 32. VI. denoting material or substance :-- Reáf of olfenda hǽrum, Mt. Kmbl. 3, 4. Gyld of golde an idol of gold, Cd. Th. 226, 22; Dan. 175. Adam ðe wæs of eorþan geworht, 23, 26; Gen. 365. Hæfdon of ðæm hreóde on scipwísan geworht factis ex harundine naviculis, Nar. 11, 18. Offrunga of nýtenum, Lev. 1, 2. Ne biþ on hláfe ánum mannes líf, ac of eallum ðæm worde ðe gáþ of Godes múþe, Blickl. Homl. 27, 9. VII. denoting removal, separation, or privation :-- Of slǽpe áwreht, Homl. Th. i. 60, 19. Ðæt ðú of deáþe áríse, 66, 30, Álýs ús of yfele, Mt. Kmbl. 6, 13. Beó of ðysum hál, Mk. Skt. 5, 34. Hé gehǽlde manega of ádlum ge of wítum and of yfelum gástum, Lk. Skt. 7, 21. Sundor of ðæm weorode apart from the multitude, Blickl. Homl. 15, 7. Ásceofene of gefeán neorxna wanges, 17, 15. Wæs ádǽled wæter of wætrum, Cd. Th. 10, 5; Gen. 152. Dyde him of healse hring gyldenne, Beo. Th. 5610; B. 2809. Ðone cynelícan naman of Róme byrig ádydon, Bt. 16, 1; Fox 50, 9. Ne þincþ mé náuht óðres of (nothing different from) ðínum spellum, 36, 4; Fox 178, 24. Fixas cwelaþ gyf hí of wætere beóþ, Lchdm. iii. 272, 25. VIII. as regards, about :-- Fela spella him sǽdon ða Beormas ǽgðer ge of hiera ágnum lande ge of ðǽm landum ðe ymb hié útan wǽron, Ors. 1, 1; Swt. 17, 31. IX partitive :-- Ic nyme of ðínum gáste, Num. 11, 17. Heó genam of ðæs treówes wæstme, Gen. 3, 6 : Lk. Skt. 20, 10. Syllaþ ús of eówrum ele, Mt. Kmbl. 25, 8. Ic ne drince of ðysum eorþlícan wíne, 26, 29. Se Peohta þeóde of myclum dǽle (in great part) geeode, Bd. 2, 5; S. 506, 20. Swá án of ðydon, Mt. Kmbl. 6, 29. Án eá of ðám hátte Fison, Gen. 2, 11. Ðú ne gesihst ǽnigne of Godes ðám hálgum, St. And. 16, 8 : Exon. Th. 154, 5; Gú. 838. X. marking time :-- Of ðam dæge; Jn. Skt. 11, 53. Of sunnan upgange, Swt. A. S. Rdr. 98, 96. Of ðyssan forþ áwa tó worulde, Ps. Th. 112, 2. Of cildháde, Elen. Kmbl. 1826; El. 915. XI. adverbially (a) denoting separation, removal, privation :-- Ic ðé ðíne téþ of ábeáte I knock out your teeth for you, Lchdm. i. 326, 15. Búton hé him wille fǽhþe of áceápian unless he will buy off the feud from himself, L. In. 74; Th. i. 150, 2. Petrus ácearf him of ðæt swýðre eáre, Jn. Skt. 18, 10. Ðonne án tweó of ádón biþ, Bt. 39, 4; Fox 216, 19. Gif man cealf of ádrífe, L. Alf. pol. 16; Th. i. 72, 1. Hé áslóh of ánys ðæra sacerda ealdres þeówan eáre, Mt. Kmbl. 26, 51. Átió of ða þornas, Bt. 23; Fox 78, 22. Gif ðara lima hwilc of biþ, 37, 3; Fox 190, 27. Ceorf of ðæt lim, Homl. Th. i. 516, 4. Ealles ðæs ðe ðenne on biþ, bútan ðæt man scel for hyre sáulle of dón, Chart. Th. 534, 7. Ða reáf ðe hé him of dyde, R. Ben. 103, 1. Seó eádmódnys heáwþ of ðære módinysse heáfod humilitas amputat caput superbiae, Gl. Prud. 36 b. Him mon slóg ða handa of, ðá ðæt heáfod, Ors. 4, 5; Swt.168, 5. Wring of ða wyrta, Lchdm, iii. 58, 30. (b) denoting motion :-- Man sceolde mid sáre on ðás world cuman, and mid sáre of gewítan, Blickl. Homl. 5, 29. Ðonne hwá on ða leásunga beféhþ, ðonne ne mæg hé of, Past. 35; Swt. 239, 17. (c) denoting direction :-- Stód se leóma him of swylce fýren þecelle, Bd. 5, 23; S. 645, 29. (d) denoting origin or source :-- Ðære þeóde ðe hé of com, 5, 19; S. 639, 37. On ðære béc ðe wé ðás of álesan, 4, 10; S. 578, 15. Hé ǽnne calic sealde his gingrum of tó súpenne, Homl. Th. ii. 244, 13. [Goth. Icel. O. Sax. af : O. Frs. of : O. H. Ger. ab.]
of- as a prefix modifies the words to which it is attached in many ways. Amongst these may be noticed (1) its intensive force in such words as of-georn, of-langod, of-lysted, of-calen, of-hyngrod, of-þyrsted. (2) its unfavourable force in of-lícian, of-unnan, of-þyncan. (3) the idea of attainment which it gives to (a) verbs of motion as of-faran, of-féran, of-irnan, of-rídan: (b) verbs of inquiring, calling, etc., as of-áxian, of-clypian, of-spyrian. (4) the force of (a) killing which it gives to verbs of striking, throwing, falling, etc., as of-feallan, of-hnítan, of-hreósan, of-sceótan, of-stician, of-stingan: (b) injury which it gives to verbs denoting rest as of-licgan, of-sittan, or those denoting action as of-settan, of-tredan.
of-áxian, -ácsian; p. ode To find out by asking, to learn :-- Ðá hé ofáxode (didicisset) hwæt his suna him dydon, Gen. 9, 24: Chart. Th. 340, 27. Hé his bróðor slege ofáxode, Homl. Th. ii. 358, 5. Hé ofáxode æt ðám láreówum, ðæt Cristes þeówdóm ne sceal beón geneádod, 130, 14. Hé ofácsode (suspicabatur) ðæt hé hæfde ǽrendo, Bd. 4, 1; S. 564, 48 note. Hit wearþ gecweden, ðæt man ofáxode on eallum his ríce, gif ǽnig mǽden mihte beón áfunden swá wlitiges hiwes, Anglia ix. 29, 71. Ic ðé bidde ðæt ðú ofáxie ða næglas, H. R. 15, 23. Ðá sænde hé his móder tó Hierusalem, tó ðam ðæt hió ðǽr ofáxian scolde ða hálgan róde, 7, 4. Cf. of-spyrian.
of-beátan; p. -beót; pp. -beáten To kill by beating, to beat to death, to beat to pieces :-- Wé hit uneáþe mid ísernum hamerum ofbeóton quam ferreis vix comminuimus malleis, Nar. 21, 6. Claudium mid saglum ofbeótan they beat Claudius to death with clubs, Ors. 2, 6; Swt. 88, 26. Ðæt hí ofbeátun ut trucident, Ps. Lamb. 36, 15. Hét se cásere ðone cempan mid saglum ofbeátan, Homl. Skt. i. 5, 455. Mid billum ofbeátan, Met. 9, 30. Sume wǽron mid wǽpnum ofslagene óðre mid swipum ofbeátene some were slain with weapons, others scourged to death, Homl. Th. i. 542, 27.
of-blindian to make blind :-- Ofblindade égo hiora excaecavit oculos eorum, Jn. Skt. Lind. Rush. 12, 40.
of-brytsig (?); adj. Very broken :-- Ofbyrtstigum (? ofbrytsigum) praeruptis, fractis, Hpt. Gl. 454, 44.
of-calen very cold :-- Petrus stód ofcalen on ðam cauertúne, Homl. Th. ii. 248, 27. v. calan.
of-clipian; p. ode To obtain by calling :-- Ðá wolde se hálga habban gewitan ðære wunderlícan gesihþe and ofclypode his diácon him hrædlíce tó (the deacon was called and came), Homl. Th. ii. 184, 33. Heó mid hreáme hyre hræddinge ofclypode she had obtained help by her cries, Homl. Skt. i. 2, 219.
of-cumende derivative :-- Eahta synd frumcennede, and seofan of-cumende, Ælfc. Gr. 15; Som. 17, 34.
of-cyrf, es; m. I. a cutting off, amputation :-- Hwæt getácnaþ ðæs fylmenes ofcyrf, Homl. Th. i. 94, 32. II. that which is cut off :-- Hé tócearf his basing on emtwá, and sealde óðerne dǽl ðam earman wædlan, and mid ðam ofcyrfe hine eft bewǽfde (wrapped himself in the remaining portion of the cloak), Homl. Th. ii. 500, 27. Heó (the cross) is wíde tódǽled mid gelómlícum ofcyrfum (by the bits often cut off it), H. R. 105, 14.
of-dæl; adj. Tending downwards, inclined to anything inferior :-- Hit biþ ámerred mid ðám lǽnum gódum forðam hit biþ ofdælre ðǽrtó it is led astray by the transitory goods, because it is more inclined to them; ad falsa devius error abducit, Bt. 24, 2; Fox 82, 2. v. next word.
of-dæle, an(?); n. A downward slope, descent, incline :-- Hié nyllaþ gepyndan hiera mód swelce mon deópne pól gewerige ac hé lǽt his mód tóflówan on ðæt ofdæle (ofdele, Hatt. MS.) giémeliéste and ungesceádwísnesse they will not dam up their minds, as one banks up a deep pool, but he lets his mind flow away to the downward slope of carelessness and folly; quia (anima) se ad superiora stringendo non dirigit, neglectam se inferius per desideria expandit, Past. 39, 1; Swt. 282, 15. Hí síen on ðæt ofdæle ásigen tó yfele and ðider healde, Bt. 24, 4; Fox 84, 28. Sió sunne scýft on ofdæle the sun descends, Met. 13, 58. [Cf. Goth. at ibdaljin this fairgunjis ad descensum montis, Lk. 19, 37: O. Sax. te dale: O. H. Ger. ze tale downwards.] v. preceding word.
of-drǽd[d] terrified, afraid :-- Ic férde ofdrǽd timens abii, Mt. Kmbl. 25, 25. Befrán se sceaþa hwæt hé manna wǽre, oððe wǽre ofdrǽd, Homl. Th. ii. 502, 28. Hé ofdrǽdd wæs for his morþdǽdum, Ælfc. T. Grn. 18, 38. Hié beóþ mid ðæm ymbeþonce ofdrǽdde, Past. 35, 2; Swt. 238, 7: Homl. Skt. i. 23, 300. [Laym. A. R. (swiþe, sore) of-dred: Orm. off-dredd: O. and N. of-drad.]
of-dúne; adv. Down :-- Ofdúne stígan, gestígan to descend, Mt. Kmbl. Lind. 3, 16: 11, 23: Rtl. 28, 9. Hé gefeóll ofdúne on ða flór, Bt. 1; Fox 4, 3. Nis hire éþre tó feallanne ofdúne ðonne up, 33, 4; Fox 130, 38. Ðeáh ðú teó hwelcne bóh ofdúne tó ðære eorþan, 25; Fox 88, 22. Hié léton hiera hrægl ofdúne tó fótum, Ors. 3, 5; Swt. 106, 19. 'Wendaþ mín heáfod ofdúne, forðon ðe mín Drihten of heofenum ádúne tó eorþan ástág.' Ðá fæstnedan hié ða fét up and ðæt heáfod ofdúne, Blickl. Homl. 191, 2-9.
of-earmian; p. ode To have pity or compassion :-- Rihtwísa ofearmaþ justus miseretur, Ps. Spl. 36, 22. Ofearmian misereri, 76, 9.
of-earmung, e; f. Pity, compassion :-- On ofearmunga in miseratione, Blickl. Gl.
ofen, ofn, es; m. An oven, a furnace :-- Ofen fornax vel clibanus, Wrt. Voc. i. 83, 14. Ofn, 34, 40. Se ofn (caminus) ðære singalan costnunge, Bd. 4, 9; S. 576, 29. Ða fúlnessa ðæs þýstran ofnes (fornacis), 5, 12; S. 629, 21: Cd. Th. 245, 13; Dan. 462. Axan of ðam ofene (camino), Ex. 9, 8. Ðás þrí cnihtas hét se cyning áwurpan intó byrnendum ofne (the fiery furnace), Ælfc. T. Grn. 8, 26. Geond ðone ofen, Cd. Th. 238, 13; Dan. 354. On fýres ofen (ofn, Lind.) in caminum ignis, Mt. Kmbl. 13, 42. Gif hwylc wíf seteþ hire bearn on ofen (in fornacem), L. Ecg. C. 33; Th. ii. 156, 35. On ofon (clibanum) gisended, Lk. Skt. Rush. 12, 28. Hí gáþ on ðíne ofnas (furnos), Ex. 8, 3. Ðæt man ða ofnas ontende, Homl. Skt. i. 5, 294. [Goth. auhns: Icel. ofn and ogn: Dan. ovn: Swed. ugn: O. Frs. oven: O. H. Ger. ovan.] v. hláf-ofen (-ofn).
ofen-bacen; adj. Baked in an oven :-- Ofenbacen hláf formentum, Wrt. Voc. ii. 38, 60: fermentum, i. 27, 24: clibanius panis, 41, 21. Genim ðone cruman of ofenbacenum hláfe, Lchdm. i. 132, 19. Bring clǽne ofenbacene hláfas sacrificium coctum in clibano, panes, Lev. 2, 4.
ofen-raca, an; m. An oven-rake, an instrument for clearing out an oven or furnace :-- Ofenraca rotabulum, Wrt. Voc. i. 16, 34: 27, 10.
ofer, ofor; prep. adv. I. with dat. generally with the idea of rest; (1) above, over :-- Wæs hálig leáht ofer wéstenne, Cd. Th. 8, 16; Gen. 125. Beheóld ofer leódwerum byrnende beám, 184, 20; Exod. 110. Mæst hlifade ofer Hróþgáres hordgestreónum, Beo. Th. 3802; B. 1899. Wígláf siteþ ofer Biówulfe, 5806; B. 2907. (2) denoting contact with anything, upon, on :-- Hé gesette ofer stáne fét míne, Ps. Lamb. 39, 3. Hwonne hié ofer streánstaðe stæppan mósten (might set foot on shore), Cd. Th. 86, 21; Gen. 2434. Wind ofer ýðum the wind on the waves, Beo. Th. 3819; B. 1907. Ánra gehwylc hæfde sweord ofer his hype, Blickl. Homl. 11, 18. Sittende ofor eoselan folan, 71, 5. Úre Dryhten sæt ofer winda fiðerum, Salm. Kmbl. p. 198, 26. (3) denoting extension over, throughout, in, on :-- Hé wolde ǽgðær ge ofer heofenum ge ofer eorþan ús his miltse gecýðon, Blickl. Homl. 39, 22: Gen. 4, 11. (4) denoting a higher degree, beyond, more than :-- Ofer snáwe scínende, Ps. C. 50, 75; Ps. Grn. ii. 278, 75. (5) denoting the cause of an emotion, over (as in to rejoice over, etc.) :-- Byþ on heofone blis be ánum synfullun ðe dǽdbóte déþ, má ðonne ofer nigon and nigontigum rihtwísra, Lk. 15, 7. Ic blissige ofer ðínre sprǽce, Ps. Th. 118, 162. (6) denoting the object over which power is exercised :-- Ðæt mód ðe ofer ðæm flǽsce sitt and his wealdan sceolde mens carni praesidens, Past. 36, 7; Swt. 257, 3. Ofer deóflum wealdeþ, Cd. Th. 263, 20; Dan. 765. (7) with the idea of movement, where the accusative might be expected :-- Hleó wand ofer wolcnum, Cd. Th. 182, 23; Exod. 80. Up gewát líg ofer leáfum, 231, 18; Dan. 249. Ofer ðære Reádan Sǽ eode Israela folc, Salm. Kmbl. p. 198, 20. (8) marking time, after, beyond :-- Ðá undergeat heó ðæt se bróðer ne móste his lífes brúcan ofer ðam ánum geáre, Homl. Th. ii. 146, 17. Se dæg biþ ofer eástrum, H. R. 99, 15. II. with acc. generally with the idea of movement. (1) denoting motion in a definite direction across, to the other side of an object :-- Ofer sǽ citra pontum, Wrt. Voc. ii. 18, 68. Ofer landgemǽru extra terminum ... ofer ðone ford trans vadum, ofer sǽ trans mare, Ælfc. Gr. 47; Som. 47. 29, 38. Ðá cómon hí ofer ðære sǽs múþan, Mk. Skt. 5, 1. Hié ofer sǽ gewiton, Chr. 885; Erl. 82, 25. Hié eodon ofer land they went across the country, 896; Erl. 94, 14: Andr. Kmbl. 2460; An. 1231. Ofer eástreámas ís brycgade the ice threw a bridge across the rivers, 2523; An. 1263. Hí wurpon heora waru ofor bord they cast their wares overboard, Homl. Th. i. 246, 2, 9. Ofer clif per praeceps (v. Mt. 8, 32, where the swine go over the cliffs edge), Wrt. Voc. ii. 72, 35. Ic út gange ofer mínre burge weall transgrediar murum, Ps. Th. 17, 28: Cd. Th. 90, 12; Gen. 1494. Ic cume ofer langne weg, 35, 13; Gen. 554. Se eádega bewlát ofer exle, 177, 7; Gen. 2926. (2) denoting motion which is diffused over a surface :-- Streám út áweóll, fleów ofer foldan, Andr. Kmbl. 3046; An. 1526. Wíde ofer woruld ealle geseón, Cd. Th. 36, 2; Gen. 565: 42, 17; Gen. 675. Hé ofer ealle þeóde eágum wlíteþ, Ps. Th. 65, 6. Álǽd upp ða froxas ofer eall Egipta land, Ex. 8, 5. Wǽron gewurden þýstru ofer ealle eorþan, Mt. 27, 45: Blickl. Homl. 93, 18. Bufan ðæm máran wealle ofer ealne ðone ymbgong hé is mid stǽnenum wíghúsum beworht, Ors. 2, 4; Swt. 74, 20. Mann ús ofer eall (cf. Ger. überall) sóhte, Homl. Skt. i. 23, 450. Ða weorcstánas lágon ofer eall lay scattered in all directions, 23, 490. (3) denoting extension through a space, throughout, among :-- Se wæs mǽrost ofer werþeóde, Beo. Th. 1802; B. 899. Heó wæs seó eádgeste ofer eall wífa cynn she was most blessed among all the race of women, Blickl. Homl. 13, 15. Se sceal beón gehered ofor ealle þeóda, 71, 16. Hét hé beódan ofer ealle ða fird ðæt hié fóron ealle út ætsomne, Chr. 905; Erl. 98, 22. Wilnung leáses gilpes ofer eall folc, Bt. 18, 1; Fox 60, 24. (4) denoting motion from below, over, above :-- Hefe upp ðíne hand ofer call ðæt flód, and ofer burna and ofer móras, Ex. 8, 5. Mín unriht mé hlýpþ ofer heáfod, Ps. Th. 37, 4. Hié him ásetton segen gyldenne ofer heáfod, Beo. Th. 95; B. 48. Man slóh án geteld ofer ða hálgan bán, Swt. A. S. Rdr. 100, 150. Iudas up áhóf ðara róda twá ofer ðæt fǽge hús, Elen. Kmbl. 1759; El. 881. Se ðe ástáh ofer heofenas qui ascendit super caelos, ofer heálíce dúne ástíh ðú super montem excelsum ascende tu, Ælfc. Gr. 47; Som. 48, 23. (5) denoting motion from above, upon, on :-- Se hys hús ofer stán getimbrode, Mt. Kmbl. 7, 24. Hé hine ásette ofer ðæs temples scylf, Blickl. Homl. 27, 11. Feallaþ ofor ús, 93, 33: Elen. Kmbl. 2267; El. 1135. (6) denoting the object upon which an action or feeling takes effect :-- Andreas sette his hand ofer ðara wera eágan ... And eft hé sette his hand ofer hiora heortan, St. And. 12, 34-35. Sleáþ synnigne ofer seolfes múþ (smite him over the mouth), Andr. Kmbl. 2602; An. 1302. Sý hys blód ofer ús and ofer úre bearn his blood be upon us, and upon our children, Mt. Kmbl. 27, 25. Mín hand byþ ofer ðíne æceras and ofslihþ ðíne hors mid hefegum cwealme, Ex. 9, 3. Ða tácna ðe hé worhte ofer ða untruman men the miracles he wrought upon the sick, Homl. Th. i. 182, 1. Eftwyrd cymþ ofer middangeard, Cd. Th. 212, 17; Exod. 540. Se tán gehwearf ofer (the lot fell upon) ǽnne ealdgesíþa, Andr. Kmbl. 2209; An. 1106. Gé onfóþ ðæm mægene Hálges Gástes, se cymeþ ofor eów, Blickl. Homl. 119, 12. Ðín mildheortnes is mycel ofor mé, 89, 27. (7) denoting the object over which power is exercised :-- His mægen wealdeþ ofer eall manna cyn, Ps. Th. 65, 6. Forðam ðe ðú wǽre getrýwe ofer lytle þing, is gesette ðé ofer mycle, Mt. Kmbl. 25, 21. Ðú byst andweald hæbbende ofer týn ceastra ... Beó ðú ofer fíf ceastra, Lk. Skt. 19, 17-19. Se hæfde mægen ofer ealle gesceafta, Blickl. Homl. 9, 15. Ríce ofer heofenstólas, Cd. Th. 1, 15; Gen. 8. Cræft móda gehwylces ofer líchoman, Met. 26, 106. Deáþ rícsade ofer foldbúend, Exon. Th. 154, 17; Gú. 843. (8) denoting degree (ά) above, more than; supra, super :-- Ioseph wæs gleáwra ofer hí ealle, Ors. 1, 5; Swt. 34, 1. Hé lufode Iosep ofer his suna he loved Joseph more than all his children, Gen. 37, 3: 44, 20. Ne lufige ic nánwiht ðisses andweardan lýfes ofer ðæt (éce líf), ne furðum ðam gelíce, Shrn. 177, 14. Ða stówe ofer ealle óðre is geceás, Blickl. Homl. 201, 7. Nys se leorningcniht ofer his láreów, ne þeów ofer hys hláford, Mt. Kmbl. 10, 24: Exon. Th. 105, 35; Gú. 33. Hit is áwriten, ðæt seó góde antswaru sý ouer ða sélestan selene, R. Ben. 55, 8. Ðæs biscepes weorc sceolon bión ofer óðra monna weorc debet actionem populi actio transcendere praesulis, Past. 12; Swt. 75, 3. Is án steorra ofer óðre beorht, Met. 29, 19. Moises wæs se bilewitusta mann ofer ealle men, Num. 12, 3. Fram twentig wintrum and ofer ðæt a vigesimo anno et supra, 1, 3. (β) beyond, besides; ultra :-- Ofer ðæt (ultro) gé ne lǽtaþ hine ǽnig þing dón, Mk. Skt. 7, 12. Ne ofer ðæt (ultra) sweltan ne mágon, Lk. Skt. 20, 36. Ne lǽteþ hé ús nó costian ofer gemet, Blickl. Homl. 13, 9. Ðú sprycst ofer mǽþe úre ultra etatem nostram, Coll. Monast. Th. 32, 11. Ðæt héhste gód [is] ðætte man ne þurfe nánes óðres gódes ne eác ne récce ofer ðæt siððan hé ðæt hæbbe id est bonum, quo quis adepto, nihil ulterius desiderare queat, Bt. 24, 1; Fox 80, 13. Siððan ðú hí gecnáwan miht ðonne wát ic ðæt ðú ne wilnast nánes óðres þinges ofer ða (you will desire nothing further), 23; Fox 80, 3. Hié lícettaþ ðæt him ne síe náwuhtes cearu ofer ða ryhtwísnesse, Past. 41; Swt. 302, 10. Se ðe godgeldum onsæcge ofer (besides) God ánne, L. Alf. 32; Th. i. 52, 12. (9) denoting the passing over moral bounds, in violation of, in opposition to, contrary to, against :-- Ofer Godes ǽ hé déþ extra legem Domini facie, Ælfc. Gr. 47; Som.47, 29. Se wæs ofslagen ofer áþas and treówa contra fidem jusjurandi peremptus est, Bd. 2, 20; S. 521, 17: Chr. 894; Erl. 90, 5. Ætsǽton ða Centiscan beæftan ofer his bebod, 905; Erl. 98, 24: Blickl. Homl. 91, 16: Exon. Th. 244, 5; Jul. 23. Wite hé ðæt hé hit dé ofer Godes ést and ofer ealra his háligra, and eác ofer monna godcundra háda and woruldcundra, Chart. Th. 131, 36: Exon. Th. 226, 10; Ph. 403: Cd. Th. 76, 2; Gen. 1251. Hié ǽr ofer hiera willan him tó gecierdon, Ors. 2, 5; Swt. 82, 10. Gecuron Brettanie Maximianus him tó cásere ofer his willan, 6, 35; Swt. 292, 15. (10) with words implying rest :-- Standende ofer hig, Lk. Skt. 4, 39. Ne biþ forlǽten stán ofer stán, Blickl. Homl. 79, 1. Hé fyrgenbeámas ofer hárne stán hleonian funde, Beo. Th. 2834; B. 1415. Æþelingas ofer heánne hróf hand sceáwedon, 1970; B. 983, (11) denoting the subject of discourse (cf. to talk over) :-- Hé ofer benne spræc, wunde wælbleáte, 5442; B. 2724. Ofer Ysmahel ic gehírde ðé, Gen. 17, 20. (12) denoting the cause of an emotion (cf. I. 5) :-- Heó hæfþ genóh on ðís andweardan lífe, ac heó hit hæfþ eall forsewen ofer ðé ánne (simply on your account[?]), Bt. 10; Fox 28, 26. (13) without :-- Gif hé gesécean dear wíg ofer wǽpen, Beo. Th. 1374; B. 685. (14) with words expressing time, (ά) after :-- Ofer middæg post meridiem, Gen. 3, 8. Ofor undern, Blickl. Homl. 93, 15. Ofer ealle tíd tó sáwenne ultra omne tempus serendi, Bd. 4, 28; S. 605. 39, 8. Ofer hyre deg ... ofer mínnæ dæg (cf. æfter hæora dæge, 12), Chart. Th. 520, 7-34. Ne onbirigdon ðæs bigleofan ofer ðæt (ultra), Jos. 5, 12. Hé ne oncnáweþ ofer ðæt stówe non cognoscet amplius locum, Ps. Lamb. 102, 16. Hé ofer ðæt (ultra) deófulgyldum ne þeówde, Bd. 2, 9; S. 512, 7: Ors. 5, 7; Swt. 230, 7: R. Ben. 53, 16. Longe ofer ðis, Exon. T. 172, 15; Gú. 1144. Ofer ða niht, Beo. Th. 1476; B. 736. (β) expressing duration, through, during :-- Ofer ealle ða niht ðe wé férdon during the whole night that we marched, Nar. 12, 2. Hé hié slóg ofer ealne ðone dæg, Ors. 4, 10; Swt. 200, 21. Ða steorran ðe ofer ealne winter scínaþ ... Ofer ealne sumor hí gáþ on nihtlícre tíde under ðissere eorþan, Lchdm. iii. 270, 24-26. Hí wunodon mid ðæm biscope ofer geár, and siðan gewendon tó Antiochia, Homl. Skt. i. 3, 81. Ða sylfan sealmas sýn dæghwamlíce geedlǽhte ofer ealle wucan, R. Ben. 43, I. III. adverbially, or not followed by a case :-- Ðæt ðú ne mihtst nǽnne weg findan ofer, Bt. 34, 4; Fox 138, 28. Hé eode tó ðære burge wealle, and fleáh út ofer, Ors. 5, 12; Swt. 244. 3. Ðonne cépþ hé hwǽr se weall unhéhst sý, and ðær ofer scýt (oferscýt?) he observes where the wall is lowest, and over there he rushes, Homl. Th. i. 484, 11. Án fiscere uneáþe hiene ǽnne ofer brohte, 2, 5; Swt. 84, 10. Mid Angelþeóde ðe hé ofer cyning wæs, Bd. 3, 6; S. 528, 3. Sió giémen ðære ciricean síe ðæm beboden ðe hié wel ofer mǽge, Past. 5; Swt. 45, 1. Wese ús beorhtnes ofer Drihtnes úres, Ps. Th. 89, 19. Se cwellere him ofer stód illi instante carnifice, Bd. 4, 16; S. 584, 36: Homl. Th. ii. 494, 27. Eall ðæt ofer biþ tó láfe is tó syllanne, swá swá Crist lǽrde: 'Quod superest date eleemosynam:' ðæt ofer sí and tó láfe sellaþ ælmessan, Bd. 1, 27; S. 489, 26-30. Wé nú gehýrdon ðis hálige godspel beforan ús rǽdan, and ðéh wé hit sceolan eft ofer cweþan (we must say it over again), ðæt wé ðé geornor witon ðæt hit ús tó bysene belimpeþ éces lífes, Blickl. Homl. 15, 31. Ealle ðe ðǽr ofer beóþ getealde wintra, ða beóþ gewinn and sár, 89, 11. Hú þicke se hefon wǽre oððe hwæt ðǽr ofer wǽre, Bt. 35, 4; Fox 162, 23. Ofer ufa desuper, Mt. Kmbl. Rush. 21, 7. Ofer uppan up above, Met. 24, 27. [Goth. ufar: O. Sax. oƀar: O. Frs. over: Icel. ofr-; and cf. yfir: O. H. Ger. ubar.]
ófer, ófor, es; m. I. an edge, border, margin :-- Óbr mango, Wrt. Voc. ii. 113, 45. Ófor, 55, 6. Ófer, Ælfc. Gr. 6; Som. 5, 51. On ðære lifre ófrum, Lchdm. ii. 204, 24. Smire ða ófras (the borders of a cancer) ðǽr hit reádige, 108, 20. II. the land bordering on water, a river-bank, sea-shore, over in local names, e.g. Over in Cambridgeshire, Wendover :-- Strand litus, brerd vel ófer crepido, Wrt. Voc. i. 54. 24-25. On ðone ófer; ondlong ófres ðæt on Stánford, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. iii. 378, 20. Ondlong strǽte, ðæt on reádan ófer, iii. 52, 17. On ðære eá ófre, Nar. 10, 14: Byrht. Th. 132, 39; By. 28. On ófre ðæs foresprecenan streámes, Bd. 2, 3; S. 504, 18. Of sǽs ófre, 4, 13; S. 582, 32. On ðam sealtum ófre, Homl. Th. ii. 146, 6. On (meres) ófre, Beo. Th. 2746; B. 1371. Ófras heá, streámas stronge, Exon. Th. 404, 14; Rä. 23, 7. On wǽtum stówum and on ófrum, Lchdm. i. 222, 19: Hpt. Gl. 516, 70. Óbras, ófras oras, sǽ marmora, Wrt. Voc. ii. 91, 72: 64, 42. [Laym. Havel. over: M. H. Ger. uover: Ger. ufer: O. Du. oever.] v. eá-ófer.
ofer-ǽt, es; m. I. over-eating, gluttony, excess in eating :-- Oferǽt ingluvies, Ælfc. Gr. 12; Som. 25, 54. Se oferǽt wierþ gehwierfed tó fierenluste edacitas usque ad luxuriam pertrahit, Past. 43, 2; Swt. 309, 14. Behealdaþ eów ðæt gé ne gehefegien eówer heortan mid oferǽte (in crapula), 18, 2; Swt. 129, 19. Ða téþ ðe nú on oferǽte blissiaþ, Homl. Th. i. 530, 32. Hine wið oferǽt beorge, L.E. I. 24; Thh ii. 422, 3. Þurh oferǽt per commessationem, Confess. Peccat. II. rioting, feasting, an entertainment where excessive eating takes place :-- Ða hús ða ðe on tó gebiddenne geworhte wǽron ða syndon nú on hús gehwyrfed oferǽta (commessationum), Bd. 4, 25; S. 601, 13. Oferétum comessationibus, Kent. Gl. 888. [Cf. ofer-etes = comessationes (in Rom. 13, 13), Rel. Ant. i. 131, 32: O. L. Ger. ovar-át: O. H. Ger. ubar-ázi, -ázzi; f. crapula, commessatio.]
ofer-ǽte; adj. Given to excess in eating, gluttonous :-- Ne sceal mon beón druncengeorn, ne oferǽte, R. Ben. 17,15.
ofer-bæc the upper part of the back. v. next word.
oferbæc-getéung, e; f. Contraction of the muscles at the back of the neck, tetanus (cf. Lchdm. iii. 110, 16 sqq. :-- Ðisne lǽcecræft man sceal dón mannum ðe hyra swyran mid ðám sinum fortogen beóþ, ðæt hé hys nǽn geweald náh, ðæt Gréccas hátaþ tetanicus) :-- Oferbæcgetéung titanus, Wrt. Voc. i. 19, 22.
ofer-bebeódan to command, rule :-- Ic wealdige vel oferbebeóde imperito. Wrt.Voc. i. 54, 52.
ofer-becuman to supervene :-- For ðí ðe oferbecymþ gedéfnes quoniam supervenit mansuetudo, Ps. Lamb. 89, 10.
ofer-bídan to outlast, outlive, survive :-- Gif hwylces weres forme wíf biþ deád, ðæt hé be leáfe óðer wíf niman móte; and gif hé ða oferbýt (si supersit ei) wunige hé á syððan wífleás, L. Ecg. P. ii. 20; Th. ii. 190, 3. Yldo oferbídeþ stánas, Salm. Kmbl. 599; Sal. 299. Ðá oferbád (survived) Ælféh his bróðor, Chart. Th. 272, 12. Gif ic hire ouerbíde ... gif heó mé ouerbíde, 583, 5-10. Hé ða bysgu oferbiden hæfde, Exon. Th. 135, 3; Gú. 518.
ofer-biterness, e; f. Excessive bitterness; amaritudo, Ps. Spl. 13, 6.
ofer-blice (?), an; f. A superficies, surface :-- Oferbliocan superficiem, Txts. 181, 44.
ofer-blíðe; adj. Over-cheerful :-- Ðǽm oferblíðum (laetis) is tó cýðanne ða unrótnessa ðe ðǽræfter cumaþ, and ðám unblíðum sint tó cýðanne ða gefeán ðe him gehátene sindon, Past. 27; Swt. 187, 15: 189, 4: 61; Swt. 455, 22.
ofer-brǽdan. I. to overspread, overshadow, act as a covering over :-- Ðæt land biþ eal unnyt swá se fiicbeám hit oferbrǽt, Past. 45; Swt. 337, 13-15. Oferbrǽdeþ, Met, 7, 13. Heofonlíc leóht com ofer hí ealle and hí swá swá mycel scýte hí ealle oferbrǽdde, Bd. 4, 7; S. 575, 7. Wolcen oferbrǽdde hiǽ pubis obumbrans eos, Mk. Skt. Rush. 9, 7: Lk. Skt. Rush. 9, 34. Sticmǽlum mid wuda oferwexen, sticmǽlum mid grénum felda oferbrǽded, Homl. Th. i. 508, 24. Mid ðy feó oferbrǽded and beþeaht, Blickl. Homl. 199, 3. Bewrigen and oferbrǽded mid baswe godwebbe, 207, 16. Apollonius mid rósan rude wæs eal oferbrǽded, Ap. Th. 22, 4. II. to overspread, put a covering over :-- God oferbrǽdde byrnendne heofon nette, Cd. Th. 182, 9; Exod. 73. [Laym. mid palle overbræd.]
ofer-brǽdels, es; m. A covering, veil, garment :-- Cyrtel vel oferbrǽdels palla, Wrt. Voc. i. 16, 56. Oferbrédels operimentum, Kent. Gl. 853. Swá swá oferbrǽdels (opertorium) ðú áwenst hyg, Ps. Lamb. 102, 27. On oferbrǽdelse (velamento) fyðera ðínra, Ps. Spl. 62, 8. Hé þencþ on ðam oferbrǽdelse (surface) his módes ðæt hé sciele monig gód weorc wyrcan, and hé þencþ mid innewearde móde ðæt hé gierneþ for gilpe ... on hiera módes rinde ... ac on ðam piðan..., Past. 9, 1; Swt. 55, 18-23. Oferbrǽdels superhumeralis, 14, 3; Swt. 83, 21. Hí áhófen ðone oferbrǽdels (the veil) of ðære byrgene, Homl. Skt. i. 8, 227. vii. of[er]brǽdelsas, Chart. Th. 429, 26. [Icel. yfir-breizl a coverlet.]
ofer-brǽw, -bráw, es; m. An eye-brow :-- Hæfþ mǽden tácn on oferbráwe,Lchdm. iii. 188, 5. [O. H. Ger. uber-bráwa supercilium.] v. ofer-brú.
ofer-brecan to infringe, violate (an agreement) :-- Hé oferbræc heora gecwedrǽdenne, Ors. 3, 6; Swt. 108, 8: 5, 12; Swt. 242, 8.
ofer-bregdan, -brédan. I. v. trans. To overspread, cover, draw a covering over :-- Se ða burh oferbrægd blácan líge, Andr. Kmbl. 3080; An. 1543. Niht oferbrǽd beorgas steápe, 2613; An. 1308. II. intrans. To break out over a surface :-- Scamoniam geceós ðus brec on tú dó hwón on ðine tungan gif hió hwíte oferbregdeþ swá meluc ðonne hió biþ gód choose scammony thus; break it in two, put a bit on your tongue, if it breaks out all over white as milk, it is good, Lchdm. ii. 272, 18.
ofer-brú; gen. -brúwe; f. An eye-brow :-- Mǽden (hæfþ) tácn on ofer-brúwe swíðran, Lchdm. iii. 186, 25: 192, 28. Oferbrúa supercilia, Wrt. Voc, i. 42, 69. Oferbrúwa supercilium, 64, 33: 70, 40: 282, 47. Betwux oferbrúan and brǽwum intercilium, 43, 4. Oferbrúum supercili[i]s, Txts. 172, 33. v. ofer-brǽw.
ofer-brycgian to overbridge, make a bridge over :-- Ðá hét Maxentius oferbrycgian ða eá mid scipum, Homl. Th. ii. 304, 22.
ofer-búgan (?) to avoid, shun :-- Hié sindon suá micle wærlícor tó oferbúganne [ferbúgonne, Cott. MSS.] suá mon ongiet ðæt hié on máran ungewitte beóþ tanto caute declinandi sunt quanto insane rapiuntur, Past. 40, 5; Swt. 295, 21. [Ofer is probably a mistake for fer. v. note on this passage, and for-búgan.]
ofer-cæfed covered with ornamental work :-- Ofercæfedu innexa, Germ. 394, 353. Cf. be-cæfed falerata, Wrt. Voc. ii. 34, 67; cæfing discriminale (ornamentum capitis mulieris, Wülck. Gl. 656, 13), 141, 1: and see ymb-cæfed.
ofer-ceald; adj. Excessively cold, Runic pm. Kmbl. 341, 14; Rún. 11. [Cf. Icel. ofr-kuldi excessive cold.]
ofer-cídan to censure, reprove :-- Ða ðe wyrceaþ Sunnandæge æt ðam forman cyrre Grécas hý ofercídaþ (arguunt), L. Ecg. C. 35; Th. ii. 160, 31. Ðú ofercíddest increpasti, Ps. Spl. T. 118, 21.
ofer-cirr, es; m. A passing over :-- Ofercerr transmigratio, Mt. Kmbl. Lind. 1, 11.
ofer-climban, -climman to ascend, climb upon :-- Alexander ðone weall oferclom cum murum escendisset, Ors. 3, 9; Swt. 134, 13.
ofer-cræft, es; m. Craft, fraud :-- Gif hwá mid his ofercræfte (per fraudem) wíf nýdinga nimþ, L. Ecg. P. ii. 13; Th. ii. 186, 20.
ofer-cuman. I. to overcome, vanquish, subdue :-- Ofercymeþ hé ælle his feónd, Lchdm. iii, 170, 19. Ofercymþ deicit, confudit, Wrt. Voc. ii. 133, 68. Ofercom obpressit, 65, 35. Æþelfriþ Scotta þeóde mid gefeohte ofercom (praelio conterens), Bd. 1, 34; S. 499, 17: Cd. Th. 178, 33; Exod. 21. Hé ðone feónd ofercwom, Beo. Th. 2551; B. 1273. Hié feónd heora þurh ánes cræft ofercómon, 1403; B. 699. Ðæm wergan gáste wiðstondan and ofercuman, Blickl. Homl. 135, 11: 119, 21. Beswicen and ofercumen, 179, 5. Ðonne hié hwelc folc mid gefeohte ofercumen hæfdon, Ors. 2, 4; Swt. 70, 23. Níða ofercumen, Beo. Th. 1694; B. 845. Ofercumen obpressus, Wrt. Voc. ii. 65, 34. Ofercymen wæs obstipuit, 63, 9. Ðú mé hæfst ofercumenne mid ðínre gesceádwísnesse, Bt. 22, 1; Fox 76, 12. Hé ongitt hine selfne ofercumenne (-cymenne, Hatt. MS.), Past. 34, 1; Swt. 228, 20. Ðás men geseóþ ðæt hié synt ofercumene, Blickl. Homl. 189, 5. Ofercymene consternati, Wrt. Voc. ii. 91, 10. Ofercumenum leahtrum devictis vitiis, Prud. 28 a. II. to come upon, reach, obtain :-- Ofercuom obtinuit, Wrt. Voc. ii. 115, 29. Ofercom, 63, 26. Nánne ne sparedon cwicera manna ðe hié ofercuman mihton (spared none that they could come up with), Judth. Thw. 24, 41; Jud. 235. His geféran ðý ofercumendan wóle (pestilentia superveniente) fordilgode wǽron, Bd. 4, 1; S. 563, 26.
ofer-cyme, es; m. A coming upon, arrival :-- Ær ðon ðe hé mid ofercyme semninga deáþes ealle tíd hreówe forlure priusquam subito mortis superventu tempus omne poenitendi perderet, Bd. 5, 13; S. 632, 12.
ofer-cýðan to bring stronger testimony than another :-- Wé cwǽdon be mannum ... gif áþ burste oððe ofercýðed wǽre (if the oath were not supported by a sufficient number of compurgators, or were disproved by testimony more strongly supported by oath. Cf. mid áþe cýðan, gecýðan), ðæt hý siððan áþwyrðe nǽron, L. Ed. 3; Th. i. 160, 20.
ofer-dón to overdo, do to excess :-- Ðonne sceal his steór beón mid lufe gemetegod, ná mid wælhreáwnysse oferdón, Honil. Th. ii. 532, 13. Ealle oferdón þing dæriaþ omnia nimia nocent, Homl. Skt. i. 1, 163.
ofer-drenc, es; m. Excessive drinking, drunkenness :-- Ða heáfodleahtras sind ... singal oferdrenc..., Homl. Th. ii. 592, 6. Ðú woldest mé laðian, ðá ðá ic wæs mid ðé, ðæt ic swíðor drunce swilce for blisse ofer míne gewunan ... Úre Hǽlend on his hálgan godspelle forbeád ðone oferdrenc eallum gelýfendum mannum ... and ða hálgan láreówas æfter ðam Hǽlende álédon ðone unþeáw ... for ðan ðe se oferdrenc fordéþ ðæs mannes sáwle and his gesundfulnysse, Ælfc. T. Grn. 21, 29-37. v. ofer-drync.
ofer-drencan to overdrench, give a person too much to drink, to inebriate, intoxicate :-- Se ðe þurh fácn óðerne oferdrencþ (inebriaverit), fæste .xl. daga, L. Ecg. P. iv. 37; Th. ii, 214, 20: Past. 36; Swt. 261, 14. Ðú oferdrenctest hig inebriasti eam, Ps. Spl. 64, 9. Hié hié selfe mid ealoþ oferdrencton, Ors. 5, 3; Swt. 222, 6. Se ðe ne wirnþ ðæs wínes his láre ða mód mid tó oferdrencanne ... hé biþ oferdrenced mid ðæm drence mislícra giefa, Past. 49; Swt. 381, 5-6: Bt. 24, 4; Fox 84; 33. Hý beóþ oferdrencte (inebriabuntur) on ðære genihte ðínes húses, Ps. Th. 35, 8: Judth. Thw. 21, 22; Jud. 31. [O. H. Ger. ubar-trenkjan inebriare.]
ofer-drettan (?) to take with violence :-- Wé oferdryttan praeoccupemus, Ps. Spl. 94, 2. v. ge-drettan, -dreccan.
ofer-drífan. I. to cover by drifting :-- Ðeáh hit wind oððe sǽs flód mid sonde oferdrífen though the wind or sea cover it by driving the sand over it, Ors. 1, 7; Swt. 40, 1. II. to overcome, refute, repel, defeat :-- Ðú ðe þióstro giduoles oferdrífest (depellis), Rtl. 38, 17. Se Hǽlend ne geswutulode ná him his mihte ac oferdráf hine geþyldelíce mid hálgum gewritum the Saviour did not display his power to him (the devil) but overcame him patiently by the holy scriptures, Homl. Th. i. 176, 11. Marcellus folgode ðam sceandlícan drý óððæt Petrus ðone árleásan oferdráf, Homl. Skt. i. 10, 197. Onsage oferdrífan to refute an accusation, 2, 206. Wé syndon fram ðé oferswýðde, ac wé ácsiaþ: Hwæt eart ðú swá wunderlíc on ánes mannes hiwe ús tó oferdrýfenne, Nicod. Thw. 16, 20. Gif hig sacan stande ðæt hig .viii. secgaþ and ða ðe ðǽr oferdrifene beóþ gilde heora ǽlc .vi. healfmarc if they (the twelve) disagree, that which eight of them say shall stand: and those that in such case are out-voted shall each pay six half-marks, L. Eth. iii. 13; Th. i. 298, 4.
ofer-drincan to overdrink (one's self) :-- Ne oferdrincaþ gé eów wínes, L. E. I. 40; Th. ii. 438, 19. Gif hwylc bisceop hine oferdrince (se inebriet), L. Ecg. P. iv. 33; Th. ii. 214, 12. Beón oferdruncen inebriari, Lk. 12, 45. Ðæt mód, ða hwíle ðe hit biþ oferdruncen ðæs ierres, Past. 40; Swt. 295, 3. Swá hwá swá óðerne drencþ, hé wirþ self oferdruncen, 49; Swt. 381, 4. Swá swá mihti oferdruncon (crapulatus) fram wíne, Ps. Spl. 77, 71. Swá swá oferdruncen man wát ðæt hé sceolde tó his húse, and ne mæg ðeáh ðider áredian, Bt. 24, 4; Fox 84, 30. [O. H. Ger. ubar-trinkan.]
ofer-druncen, es; n. Drunkenness, inebriety :-- Ne geríseþ ǽnig unnytt mid bisceopum, ne doll ne dysig, ne tó oferdruncen, L. I. P. 9; Th. ii. 314, 31. Ðæt preóstas beorgan wið oferdruncen, and hit beleán óðrum mannum, L. Edg. C. 57; Th. ii. 256, 13. Gif preóst lufige oferdruncen, L. N. P. L. 41; Th. ii. 296, 11. [O. H. Ger. ubar-trunkani ebrietas, crapula.]
ofer-druncenness, e; f. Drunkenness, intoxication, rioting :-- Oferdruncennys ebrietas, L. Ecg. P. iv. 64; Th. ii. 224, 30. Gif munuc for oferdruncennysse (ex ebrietate) spíwe, iv. 34-36; Th. ii. 214, 14-19. Ne gewunigen gé tó oferdruncennisse (non in ebrietatibus), Past. 43, 9; Swt. 317, 18. Ða ofordruncennessa ðe hé lufode, Blickl. Homl. 195, 15.
ofer-drync, es; m. I. excessive drinking, drunkenness :-- Behealdaþ eów ðæt gé ne gehefgien eówre heortan mid oferdrynce (ebrietate), Past. 18, 2; Swt. 129, 19. Hí férdon tó sumre wydewan hám and ðǽr wǽron ondrencte mid oferdrynce, Guthl. 14; Gdwin. 62, 20. II. an entertainment where excessive drinking takes place (cf, ge-drinc) :-- Hé begǽþ unǽtas and oferdrincas comessationibus vacat atque conviviis, Deut. 21, 20. [O. H. Ger. ubar-trunk ebrietas: cf. O. L. Ger. obardrank.]
ofer-dyre a lintel; superliminare, Wrt. Voc. i. 290, 17. [O. H. Ger. ubar-turi superliminare.] Cf. ofer-gedyre.
ofere; adv. From above; desuper, Ps. Spl. 77, 27.
ofer-eáca, an; m. I. an over-plus, a surplus, what remains over when apart has been taken :-- Ðone mǽstan dǽl ðæs folces hí ofslógon, and ðone ofereácan áweg gelǽddon, Homl. Th. ii. 66, 4. Ða seofon mynstru hé gegódode, ðone ofereácan his ǽhta hé áspende on Godes þearfum, 1118, 31. Oferécan, Chart. Th. 482, 17. Ofæreácan, 554, 32. Wé niman eall ðæt hé áge, and niman ǽrest ðæt ceápgyld of ðam yrfe, and dǽle man syððan ðone ofereácan on .ii., L. Ath. v. 1, 1; Th. i. 228, 16: v. 6, 1; Th. i. 232, 28: v. 6, 3; Th. i. 234, 6. Ðæs geáres ofereácan fæste hé reliquum anni jejunet, L. Ecg. P. ii. 29; Th. ii. 194, 13. II. an addition, augmentation :-- Oferéce augmentum, Rtl. 85, 33.
ofer-eald; adj. Exceedingly old :-- Ðeáh hit gecyndelíc sý on menniscum gewunan, ðæt man mildheortnesse cýðe ðám oferealdum and ðám cildgeongum, R. Ben. 61, 12.
ofer-ealdormann, es; m. A chief officer :-- Hé wæs hyre þéna hire húses and hire geférscipes oferealdormann erat primus ministrorum et princeps domus ejus, Bd. 4, 3; S. 567, 22.
ofer-etol, -ettol; adj. Given to excess in eating, gluttonous :-- Ofereotol edax vel glutto, Wrt. Voc. i. 86, 49. Se mynstres hordere sí ... wís, sýfre and ná oferettol (-etol, MS. T.), R. Ben. 54, 8. Ðes oferetola man hic comedo, Ælfc. Gr. 36; Som. 38, 47. Gehiéren ða oferetolan ða word ðe Krist cuæþ: Behealdaþ eów ðæt eówre heortan ne sín gehefegode mid oferǽte, Past. 43, 9; Swt. 317, 8, 16.
ofer-etolness, e; f. Excess in eating, gluttony :-- Ne gewunigen gé tó oferetolnisse non in comessationibus, Past. 43, 9; Swt. 317, 18.
ofer-fær a passing over; transmigratio, Mt. Kmbl. p. 12, 13: Lind. 1, 17.
ofer-færeld, es; m. n. A going across, passage, transit :-- Galilea is gecweden oferfæreld, Homl. Th. i. 224, 10. Pasca getácnaþ oferfæreld, Anglia viii. 322, 2. Crist gewát þurh oferfæreld of deáþe tó lífe, 330, 9. Heore is ðæt scip and se ouerfæreld ðare hæuene eorum (the monks of Christchurch) est navicula et transfretatio portus, Chart. Th. 317, 38. Æfter oferfærelde sǽ reádre post transitum maris rubri, Hymn. Surt. 82, 7.
ofer-fæðman; p. de To cover in an embrace, to overspread, to envelope :-- Swilce hé oferfæðmed ealne middangeard as if it (the tree of Nebuchadnezzar s vision) would cover with embracing boughs all the world, Cd. Th. 247, 24; Dan. 502. Þýstre oferfæðmed enveloped in darkness, Exon. Th. 470, 12; Hy. 11, 14.
ofer-fǽtt; adj. Too fat, obese :-- Oferfǽt obesus, Wrt. Voc. i. 51, 10.
ofer-faran. I. intrans. To pass, go off :-- Ælþeódiglíce is oferfare peregre transeo, Ælfc. Gr. 38; Som. 41, 28. Oferfare on munt swá swá spearwa transmigra in montem sicut passer, Ps. Spl. 10. 1. II. trans. (α) to pass, cross (a river, boundary, etc.) :-- Ic Iordane eft ongeán oferfare mid twám floccon, Gen. 32, 10. Gyf ðú Iordanem oferfærst, Glostr. Frag. 108, 19. Moyses oferfór ða Reádan Sǽ, Wulfst. 210, 12. Oferfóren egrederentur, Hpt. Gl. 464, 64. Ðá gebeótode án his þegna ðæt hé mid sunde ða eá oferfaran wolde, Ors. 2, 4; Swt. 72, 29: Bd. 1, 7; S. 478, 9. Ne ða ebban foldes mearce oferfaran móton, Met. 11, 70. (β) to pass through, traverse :-- Hí forþ oferfóran folcmǽro land, Cd. Th. 108, 4; Gen. 1801. Siððan ðú ðone up áhafast forþ oferfarenne, Met. 24, 26. (γ) to pass through (a danger) :-- Ða hyssas fǽrgryre fýres oferfaren hæfdon, Cd. Th. 245, 15; Dan. 463. (δ) to pass through, penetrate :-- Oferfarende penetrans, Hpt. Gl. 493, 30. (ε) to come upon, come across, meet with :-- Se here ... slógon and bærndon swá hwæt swá hí oferfóron the Danes slew and burnt whatever they came across, Chr. 1016; Erl. 157, 2.
ofer-feallan to fall upon, to attack :-- Hié oferfeóllan ða ðe ða yrmþo genǽson, Blickl. Homl. 203, 19. [Ger. über-fallen.]
ofer-feng, es; m. A clasp, buckle, latchet of a shoe :-- Oferfeng fibula, Wrt. Voc. i. 40, 53. Oferfengc, 74, 60: ligulam, fibulam, Hpt. Gl. 523, 2. v. ofer-fón.
ofer-feohtan to conquer, vanquish :-- Oferfehtaþ debellant, Ps. Surt. 55, 4. Hí feónd oferfeohtaþ, Exon. Th. 150, 7; Gú. 775. Oft hí ofyrfuhtun (expugnaverunt) mé, Ps. Spl. C. 128, 2. Hæfde Drihten feónd oferfohten, Cd. Th. 289, 29; Sat. 405. Sió burg biþ micle ðé iéðre tó oferfeohtanne ðe hió self fieht wið hié selfe tanto ille sine labore superat, quanto et ipsa, quae vincitur, contra semetipsam pugnat, Past. 38, 6; Swt. 277, 25. [O. H. Ger. ubar-fehtan expugnare, devincere.]
ofer-féran. I. to pass over or through, to cross, traverse :-- Ic oferférde (transivi) Iordane, Gen. 32, 10. Seó sǽ ðe se Hǽlend oferférde, Homl. Th. i. 182, 25. Oberfoerde emenso, Wrt. Voc. ii. 107, 22. Oferférde, 29, 33. Mid ðý wit oferférdon (transissemus) ðás wununesse ðara eádigra gásta, Bd. 5, 12; S. 629, 31. Ðet hí ne oferférdan ne transirent, Kent. Gl. 275. Se mór swá brád swá man mæg on twám wucum oferféran, Ors. 1, 1; Swt. 18, 34. II. to come upon or across, meet with :-- Se here férde intó Myrcean and fordydon eall ðæt hé oferférde, Chr. 1016; Erl. 157, 12. v. ofer-faran.
ofer-fére. v. un-oferfére and next word.
ofer-férness, e; f. Possibility of being crossed :-- On twám stówum is oferférnes duobus tantum in locis est transmeabilis, Bd. 1, 25; S. 486, 21.
ofer-firr, e; f. Too great distance :-- Hit is feáwum mannum cúð for ðære oferfyrre insula Thule, quae per infinitum a ceteris separata, vix paucis nota habetur, Ors. 1, 1; Swt. 24, 21.
ofer-flédan to overflood, overflow, inundate, cover with water :-- Seó eá Nilus oferflétt (-fléd, MS. M.: -flét, MSS. P. L.) eall ðæt Egiptisce land, and stent oferfléde hwílon mónaþ hwílon leng the river Nile floods all the land of Egypt, and continues in a state of overflow sometimes a month, sometimes longer, Lchdm. iii. 252, 23. [Ger. über-fluthen.]
ofer-fléde; adj. Overflowing its banks. v. preceding word. [Cf. O. H. Ger. ubar-fluatida superfluitas: Ger. über-fluth overflowing (of a river).]
ofer-fleón to fly over :-- Ic oferfleó supervolo, Ælfc. Gr. 47; Som. 48, 46. [In Beo. Th. 5043; B. 2525 it might be better to take ofer separate from fleón :-- Nelle ic beorges weard ofer fleón fótes trem I mean not to flee the dragon [by retiring] over even part of a foot's space.]
ofer-flítan to overcome in a contest, to confute :-- Hé ðé æt sunde oferflát, hæfde máre mægen, Beo. Th. 1039; B. 517. Ymb done tíman wæs gegaderad iii. hund biscepa and eahtatiéne hiene tó oferflítanne (to confute Arius), Ors. 6, 30; Swt. 284, 1.
ofer-flówan. I. to overflow, cover with water :-- Seó eá ðæt land middeweard oferfleów mid fótes þicce flóde, Ors. 1, 3; Swt. 32, 6. II. to overflow, pass beyond bounds :-- Gód gemet, geheápod and oferflówende hig syllaþ on eówerne bearm, Lk. Skt. 6, 38.
ofer-flówend; adj. Superfluous :-- Ídel and oferflówend byþ eal ðæt tóforan ðysum is, R. Ben. 91, 4.
ofer-flówendlíce; adv. Superfluously :-- Oferflówenlíce superflue, Hpt. Gl. 527, 57.
ofer-flówend-, flówed-, flówen-ness, e; f. Superfluity, exuberance :-- Oferflówenes superfluitas, Wrt. Voc. i. 17, 9. Oferflówendnys affluentia, 41, 10. Eall hit byþ oferflówendnyss and ídel tóforan ðisum, R. Ben. 90, 5. Mid heora ouerflówednesse ne gedrífen ða gebróðru, 60, 17: 108, 5. Gif hit gelimpþ for oferflówennysse metes (ex superfluitate cibi), L. Ecg. P. iii. 14; Th. ii. 200, 30. Hé ne dranc mid oferflówendnysse, Homl. Th. i. 168, 12: ii. 218, 30. Wé nellaþ habban ús tó lífes bricum, ac tó oferflówednyssum, 540, 11.
ofer-flówness, e; f. Superfluity, overflowing :-- Oferflównes superfluitas, Wrt. Voc. ii. 149, 69. Oferflóuwnys (superfluitas) ðæs gecyndes, Bd. 1, 27; S. 494, 1. Of oferflównysse, S. 496, 37. His líchoma mid oforflównessum gefrætwod wæs, Blickl. Homl. 195, 12.
ofer-fón to seize :-- Oferféng obuncabat, Wrt. Voc. ii. 62, 69. Þeódríc ðone þegn oferféng, héht healdan ðone hererinc, Met. 1, 69. Ðá genáman him æfést tó ða ealdormen ðara sacerda, and hine sylfne oferféngon, Blickl. Homl. 177, 21. Hé hiene oferfón hét, and áhón, Ors. 4, 4; Swt. 164, 32. Oferfangen comprehensus, Wrt. Voc. ii. 133, 8. [O. H. Ger. ubar-fáhan rapere.] v. ofer-feng.
ofer-froren frozen over :-- Ðá wæs Donua seó eá swíðe oferfroren, Ors. 4, 11; Swt. 208, 1: 1, 1; Swt. 21, 17.
ofer-full; adj. Over-full :-- Oferfull crapulatus, Ps. Lamb. 77, 65. [Goth. ufar-fulls: O. H. Ger. ubar-foll crapulatus.]
ofer-fylgan, -fylgean; p. de To pursue, persecute, attack :-- Gif ðæm móde mon tó ungemetlíce mid ðære þreápunga oferfylgþ si mentem immoderata increpatio affligit, Past. 21, 7; Swt. 167, 15. Ðonne ða iersigendan menn óðrum monnum oferfylgeaþ tó ðon suíðe ðæt hit mon forberan ne mæg cum ita iracundi alios impetunt, ut declinari non possint, Past. 40, 5; Swt. 295, 10. Assael hine unwærlíce mid anwealde þreátode and him oferfylgde hunc (Abner) cum Asael vi incautae praecipitationis impeteret, Swt. 295, 14.
ofer-fyll, e; -fyllu(o); indecl. f. Overfulness, repletion, surfeit, excess in eating or in drinking :-- Gýfernys vel oferfil gastrimargia, Wrt. Voc. i. 27, 21. Oferfyl aplestia, ii. 10, 12. Ǽlc oferfyl fét unhǽlo, Prov. Kmbl. 61. Nǽfre oferfyl ne filige, forðí nis cristenum monnum nán þing swá wiðerweardlíc swá swá oferfyl, R. Ben. 63, 19-21. Seó oferfyll simle fét unþeáwas, Bt. 31, 1; Fox 110, 27: Blickl. Homl. 37, 14. Wið manegum ádlum ða ðe cumaþ of oferfyllo, Lchdm. ii. 178, 10: 244, 4. Hit gelimpeþ of oferfylle ... for oferfyllo (ex crapula), Bd. 1, 27; S. 496, 36-42. On oferfylle (oferfyllo. Lind. Rush.) in crapula, Lk. Skt. 21, 34: Blickl. Homl. 159, 18. Ðú scealt druncen fleón, and ða oferfylle ealle forlǽtan, Dóm. L. 32, 75. Níwes wínes oferfelle musti crapulam, Hymn. Surt. 97, 18. Þurh oferfylla and mænigfealde synna heora eard hý forworhton, Wulfst. 166, 29. [Goth. ufar-fullei: O. H. Ger. ubar-fullí crapula.]
ofer-fyllan to fill to overflowing, (of eating) to feed to excess :-- Oferfylled crapulatus, Wrt. Voc. ii. 136, 56. Hý beóþ oferfyllede óthorn; spíweþan, R. Ben. 136, 25. [Goth. ufar-fulljan.]
ofer-gǽgan to transgress :-- Hwí ofergǽge gé Godes word cur transgredimini verbum Domini? Num. 14, 41. v. for-gǽgan and next word.
ofer-gǽgedness, e; f. Transgression :-- Wé sceolon mid geswince ús metes tilian for Adames ofergǽgednysse, Homl. Th. ii. 462, 12 : 486, 26: Boutr. Scrd. 18, 13. v. for-gǽgedness and preceding word.
ofer-gán; p. -eode; pp. -gán. I. to overspread :-- Seó lyft ofergæ-acute;þ ealne middaneard, Lchdm. iii. 272, 17. II. to overrun (a country, as a victorious army does), to conquer :-- Se here fór tó Sandwíc, and swá ðanon tó Gipeswíc, and ðæt eall ofereode, Chr. 993; Erl. 132, 4. Wæ-acute;ndon ðæt hé sceolde ðet land ofergá, 1070; Erl. 207, 24. Hí hæfdon ðá ofergán . i. Eást-Engle, and . ii. Eást-Sexe . . ., 1011; Erl. 144, 33. III. to pass a point or limit :-- Ic ofergaa wall transgrediar murum, Ps. Surt. 17, 30. Hé ofergæþ ðone súðran sunnstede. Lchdm. iii. 252, 14. Gemæ-acute;re ðú settest ðæt ná hí ofergáþ (trans-gredientur), Ps. Spl. 103, 10. Ofereode excederit, Wrt. Voc. ii. 30, 41. III a. to pass a moral limit, to transgress :-- Forhwon leorneras ðíne ofergæ-acute;? gesetnisse ðara ældra, Mt. Kmbl. Rush. 15, 2. IV. to pass across, traverse, cross :-- Hé ofereode steáp stánhliþo, Beo. Th. 2820; B. 1408. Hí ða Reádan Sæ-acute; ofereodon, Homl. Th. ii. 200, 27 : Beo. Th. 5911; B. 2959. V. to pass, pass off or away, be over, come to an end :-- Hú hrædlíce se eorþlíca hlísa ofergæ-acute;?, Past. 59, I; Swt. 447, 30. Ðæt ilce yfel ofereode bútan geblóte pestilentia sine ullis sacrificiorum satisfactionibus sedata est, Ors. 5, 2; Swt. 218, 3. Ða geswinc ðe ofergán sculon quod transeundo laboratur, Past. 52, 5; Swt. 407, 31. V a. impers. with gen. To be over (with anything) :-- Ðæs ofereode ðisses swá mæg it is all over with that, so may it be with this, that trouble is over, so may this be, Exon. Th. pp. 377-379; Deór. 7, etc. VI. to come upon, attack (of disease, sleep, etc. ) :-- Wæterseócnyss hine ofereode, Homl. Th. i. 86, 9. Hine slæ-acute;p ofereode, Andr. Kmbl. 1640; An. 821. v. ofer-gangan.
ofer-gangan. I. to cross (a boundary):-- Ic ofergange (transgrediar) weall, Ps. Spl. 17, 31. Heora æ-acute;nig óðres ne dorste mearc ofergangan, Met. 20, 71. II. to conquer :-- Gé feónda gehwone ofergangaþ, Cd. Th. 213, 33; Exod. 561 [cf. Orm. 10228: To werenn hemm wiþþ wiþerrþeod þatt wollde hemm oferrganngenn]. III. to pass, pass off, be over :-- Hié gebidon ðæt se ege ofergongen wæs, Ors. 4, 2; Swt. 160, 31. IV. to come upon (of sleep) :-- Mec slæ-acute;p ofergongeþ, Exon. Th. 422, 23; Rä. 41, 10. [Goth. ufar-gaggan.] v. ofer-gán.
ofer-gapian to neglect, disregard :-- Ne hé þurh ðone trúwan his sacerdhádes ofergapige (ofergumige, other MS.) his gehýrsumnysse let not the priest through trust in his priesthood be careless of his obedience, R. Ben. 112, 2. [Cf. O. H. Ger. geffida consideratio.]
ofer-geáre; adj. Old, superannuated :-- Gif wyrm ete ða tēþ genim ofergeáre holenrinde, Lchdm. ii. 50, 14. [Cf. Ger. über-jährig superannuated.] Cf. þrí-geáre.
ofer-geatu, e; f. Oblivion :-- Ða his cwide weoldan on ofergeate hæbben (would have it buried in oblivion, cf. O. H. Ger. habe in ágezze obliviscere, Grff. iv. 279), Ps. Th. 128, 6. Cf. be-geatu.
ofer-gedrync, es; n. Excessive drinking or feasting :-- Hié hæfdon wiste and plegan and oforgedrync, Blickl. Homl. 99, 21. v. ofer-drync.
ofer-gedyre, es; n. A lintel :-- Smíton on ǽgðer gedyre and on ða ofergedyru ponent super utrumque postem et in superliminaribus domorum, Ex. 12, 7. v. ofer-dyre.
ofer-gemet, es; n. Excess :-- Suá oft suá wé úre hand dó? tó úrum múþe for giéfernesse ofergemet (per immoderatum usum), Past. 43, 5; Swt. 313, 14. [Cf. O. H. Ger. ubar-gamez; adj. supervacuus.]
ofer-genga, an; m. One who goes over or beyond :-- Gif hé biþ on .xi. nihta ealdne mónan se biþ landes ofergenga if he is born on the eleventh of the month, he will be a traveller about the land, Lchdm. iii. 158, 1 : 160, 30.
ofer-geong, es; m. A going across; transmigratio, Mt. Kmbl. p. 12, 13. Cf. forþ-geong.
ofer-geótan to cover by pouring, to suffuse :-- Ðara deófla þeóstro hé oforgeát mid his ðæm scínendan leóhte he overcame the darkness of the devils by pouring upon it his shining light, Blickl. Homl. 85, 8. Dreórige hleór sealtum dropum ofergeótaþ suffuse the mournful face with tears, Dóm. L. 4, 36. Ðæt scyp wearþ ofergoten (operiretur) mid ýðum, Mt. Kmbl. 8, 24. Mid swáte ofergoten, Glostr. Frag. 104, 17. Mid wópe ofergoten, Ælfc. T. Grn. 18, 2.
ofer-geotol, -geotolian. v. ofer-gitol, -gitolian.
ofer-gesett placed above (others) :-- On óðre wísan sint tó manianne ða underþióddan on óðre ða ofergesettan aliter admonendi sunt subditi, atque aliter praelati, Past. 28, 1; Swt. 189, 15, 23.
ofer-getimbran to raise a building :-- On ðæm stáne hí ciricean ofergetimbredon they raised a church on that rock, Blickl. Homl. 205, 5.
ofer-geweorc, es; n. I. a superstructure :-- Ðæs heáhaltares ofergeweorc cibborium, Wrt. Voc. ii. 23, 15. II. a tomb, mausoleum :-- Métton ofergeweorke depicto mausoleo, Coll. Monast. Th. 32, 35. Gé sind gelíce geméttum ofergeweorcum, Homl. Th. ii. 404, 17. v. ofer-weorc.
ofer-gewrit, es; n. A superscription, an inscription :-- Hwæs anlícnys, ys ðis and ofergewrit (suprascribtio), Mt. Kmbl. 22, 20: Homl. Skt. i. 23, 475. Ofergewritum epigrammatibus, Wrt. Voc. ii. 33, 23.
ofer-gífre; adj. Over-greedy, gluttonous; gulae deditus, Past. 23; Swt. 177, 4: 43; Swt. 308, 16.
ofer-gíman to neglect, disregard :-- Gif hwá ðis ofergýme, R. Ben. 129, 9. Gif hé áðor dyde, oððe ofergímde, oððe forgeat, 71, 15. Ðæs git ofergýmdon Hǽlendes word, Cd. Th. 295, 14; Sat. 486. Cf. ofergumian.
ofer-gímness, e; f. Watching over, observation :-- Mið ofergémnise cum observatione, Lk. Skt. Lind. 17, 20.
ofer-gitan to forget, neglect :-- Ealle þeóda ða ðe ofergitaþ (obliviscuntur) God, Ps. Spl. 9, 18. Ic ofergeat (oblitus sum) etan, 101, 5. Sum wýf ofergeat hyre cyld slæ-acute;pende. Shrn. 150, 30. Hí ofergéton (-geáton, MS. A. ) (obliti sunt) ðæt hí hláfas ne námon, Mk. Skt. 8, 14. Hié ofergeáton Godes dómas. Cd. Th. 155, 32; Gen. 2581. Spec . . . ðæt hié ofergieton (sýn ofergytende, MS. B.) ðisse sæ-acute;we ege, St. And. 8. 15. Ne ofergit ðú þearfan, Ps. Spl. 9 second, 14. Ofergyt, 73, 24. Oferget, Ps. Surt. 73, 23. Nylle ðú ofergiten noli oblivisci, Ps. Spl. 102, 2. Ofergeotan, Nar. 45, 7. Wæ-acute;re ðú ofergeotende mînre bysne, Bd. 2, 6; S. 508, 17. Án nis of ðám ofergyten, Lk. Skt. 12, 6.
ofer-gitness, e; f. Forgetfulness, oblivion :-- On ðam lande ðe ofergytnes on eardige (this seems to correspond to in terra oblivionis, v. 12), Ps. Th. 87, 11. On ofergetnisse in oblivione, Lk. Skt. Rush. 12, 6.
ofer-gitol, -geotol; adj. Forgetful, oblivious :-- Ne eom ic ofergitol (-gittul, Ps. Th.) non sum oblitus, Ps. Spl. 118, 61: 9, 19 : 9 second, 13. Ofergittol, Ps. Th. 118, 41. Worda ðínra ofergittul, 118, 15. Ofergyttol, 118, 43. Ne sý ofergyttol ac gemyndig, R. Ben. 24, 1. Ná ofergeotol ðara gebeda his þearfena, Ps. Th. 9, 12. Ofergeottul, 102, 2. Ofergeatul obliviosus, Rtl. 29, 7. Ofergeotele wé ne sind obliti non sumus, Ps. Surt. 43, 18. Ofergeotulæ (-geotole, Ps. Th. ), 43, 21. Ofergeotole, Mt. Kmbl. Lind. 16, 5.
ofer-gitolian; p. ode To forget, be forgetful of :-- Nó ofergeoteliu word ðín non obliviscar sermones tuos. Ps. Surt. 118, 16. Ofergeotulas ðú oblivisceris, 12, 1. Ofergeoteliaþ obliviscimini, 49, 22. Alle þeóde ða ðe ofergeoteliaþ Dryhten, 9, 18, Ne ofergeotela ðú, 9, 33. Ofer-geotelien obliviscantur, 58, 12.
ofer-gitolness, e; f. Forgetfulness, oblivion :--Ofergitolnys (-geotulnis, Ps. Surt. ) oblivio, Ps. Spl. C. T. 9, 19. Wið ða ádle ðe man litargum háteþ, ðæt ys on úre geþeóde ofergytulnys (-gittolnes, MS. H.), Lchdm. i. 200, 8. In eorþan ofergytolnysse in terra oblivionis, Ps. Spl. 87, 13. Ða unþeáwas oft ábisegien ðæt mód mid ofergiotulnesse, Bt. 35, 1; Fox 154, 32. Ic eom myd earmlícre ofergiotolnesse ofseten, Shrn. 198, 21. On ofergeotolnisse, Blickl. Homl. 103, 16. Ofergeottolnisse oblivionem, Rtl. 61, 14. Ofergiottulnisso ignorantias, 167, 31.
ofer-glenged; part. Over-ornamented, too much adorned :-- Ne mót nán preóst beón on his girlum tó ranc, ne mid golde oferglæncged, L. Ælfc. P. 49; Th. ii. 386, 10.
ofer-grǽdig; adj. Over-greedy, too covetous :-- Menn beóþ ofergrædige woruldgestreóna, Wulfst. 81, 13.
ofer-gumian; p. ode To neglect, be careless about :-- Ne hé ofergumige ða hýrsumnesse ðæs hálgan regoles, R. Ben. 113, 2. [Cf. Icel. guma at einu to take heed to a thing; O. Sax. far-gumón to neglect.] v. ofer-gíman.
ofer-gyldan to cover or ornament with gold :-- Ic ofergylde auro, Ælfc. Gr. 36; Som. 38, 39. Ealle ða græftas gé ofergyldaþ mid cræfte. Homl. Skt. i. 8, 61. On ofergildum hrægle in vestitu deaurato, Ps. Lamb. 44, 10: Homl. Th. ii. 586, 16. ii. sylure candelsticcan and ii. ouergylde, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. vi. 101, 26. Ða ofergyldan saglas sceolden stician on ðæ-acute;m gyldnum hringum. Past. 22; Swt. 171, 22.
ofer-gylden; adj. Gilded, covered with gold :-- Gif hé begytaþ ðæt hé hæbbe byrne and helm and ofergyldene (cf. golde fæted, ll. 8-9) sweord, L. Wg. 10; Th. i. 188, 21.
ofer-gyrd overgirt :-- Ofergyrdum recincta, Germ. 394, 236.
ofer-habban(?) to command, govern :-- Hý móstan ðám læppan friþ gebicgean ðe hý under cyngces hand oferhæfdon [geweald ofer hæfdon (?)], L. Eth. ii. l; Th. i. 284, 14.
ofer-hacele, an; f. A cope, hood; cappa, L. Ecg. C. 10, note; Th. ii. 140, 22. [Cf. Icel. yfir-hökull a surplice.]
ofer-heáfod; adv. Generally, in every case :-- Ǽlc man oferheáfod sceolde cennan his gebyrde and his áre on ðære byrig ðe hé tó gehýrde, Homl. Th. i. 30, 4. [Ger. über-haupt.]
ofer-heáh; adj. Excessively high :-- Æsc byþ oferheáh, Runic pm. Kmbl. 344, 23; Rún. 26.
ofer-healdan to hold over, delay to do, neglect :-- Gif se gereáfa ðis oferheald, gebéte .xxx. sciɫɫ., L. Ath. i. prm.; Th. i. 198, 11. Cf. ofer-hebban.
ofer-healfheáfod the upper half of the head :-- Forheáfod anciput, æfteweard heáfod occiput, oferhealfheáfod sinciput, Wrt. Voc. i. 42, 42-44.
ofer-hebban to pass by, neglect, omit :-- Gif hit (the holding a gemót) hwá oferhebbe (-habbe, MS. B.) béte swá wé ǽr cwǽdon, L. Ed. 11; Th. i. 164, 23. Gif hé áht ðæs oferhæbbe ðe on úrum gewritum stent, L. Ath. v. 8, 5; Th. i. 236, 33. Ic wát ðæt ic his sceal fela oferhebban ego cogor fateri me praeterire plurima, Ors. 1, 8; Swt. 42, 1. Hit þencþ fela gódra weorca tó wyrcanne, gif hé worldáre hæbbe, and wile hit oferhebban, siððan hé hié hæfþ, Past. 9; Swt. 55, 16. [For ever hem (the poor) thou overhaf, Mapes 341, 1: O. H. Ger. ubar-hevan praeterire, transire.] Cf. ofer-healdan.
ofer-helian to cover over, conceal :-- Neahte þeóstru ðú oferhelast (detegis), Hymn. Surt. 12, 12. Oferhelaþ contegit, 23, 11. Se ceác oferhelede ða oxan, Past. 16, 5; Swt. 105, 4. Gif hwá pytt ádelfe and hine ne oferhelie (operuerit), Ex. 21, 33. Tó oferhelianne, Glostr. Frag. 102, 2. Beón oferheled obtegi, Germ. 389, 22. Nis nán þing oferheled (opertum) ðe ne beó unheled, Lk. Skt. 12, 2.
ofer-helmian to overshadow :-- Wudu wæter oferhelmaþ, Beo. Th. 2733; B. 1364.
ofer-heortness, e; f. Excessive feeling :-- Mid oferheortnesse hé him wæs wánigende ǽgðer ge his ágene heardsǽlþa ge ealles ðæs folces with bursting heart he was bewailing both his own and the people's hard fortune, Ors. 4, 5; Swt. 166, 20.
ofer-hergian to ravage :-- Ceólwulf oferhergeade (-ode, MS. E.) Cantware, Chr. 796; Erl. 58, 10: 865; Erl. 70, 34. Eádweard oferhergade eall hira land, 905; Erl. 98, 20: 933; Erl. 110, 28. Hǽþne men oferhergeadon (-odon, MS. E.) Sceápíge, 832; Erl. 64, 18. Ða Gotan eów hwón oferhergedon, Ors. 1, 10; Swt. 48, 20. Heora land tó bismere oferhergodan, Blickl. Homl. 201, 23.
ofer-hídig, -higd, -hige. v. ofer-hygdig, -hygd, -hyge.
ofer-higian to overreach(?):--Sinc eáþe mæg gold on grunde gumcynnes gehwone oferhigian hýde se ðe wylle easily may treasure, gold in the ground, overreach every man (i. e. make the effort at concealment vain), hide it who will, Beo. Th. 5525; B. 2766.
ofer-híran. I. not to listen to, to disregard, disobey :-- Ðé ealle gesceafta heórsumiaþ . . . bútan men ánum, se ðé oferheórþ, Bt. 4; Fox 8, 10. Swá weorþlícne sige hæfde swá hé ǽr unweorþlíce ðara goda biscepum oferhírde (he disregarded the prohibition of the augurs), Ors. 3, 10; Swt. 140, 4. Hié þurh his láre oferhiérdon ðǽm godum, 4, 12; Swt. 210, 2. II. to overhear, hear :-- Swá ic mid mínum eárum oferhýrde, L. O. 8; Th. i. 180, 29: L. C. S. 23; Th. i. 388, 24. Se oþeling (Phalaris) ǽgðer hæfde, ge his plegan ge his gewill, ðonne hé ðara manna (those shut up in the brazen bull) tintrego oferhiérde, Ors. 1, 12; Swt. 54, 28. Gé sylfe swutele gesáwon, and eác oferhýrdan ða bletsunge, Wulfst. 176, 4.
ofer-híre; adj. Disobedient, regardless :-- Gif preóst on his scriftscíre ǽnigne man wite Gode oferhýre, oððe on heáfodleahtrum yfele befeallene, L. Edg. C. 6; Th. ii. 244, 22.
ofer-hírness, e; f. Disobedience, disregard, neglect, contempt :-- Ungelimp mid oferhýrnysse Godes beboda geearnod, L. Edg. S. 1; Th. i. 270, 12. But it occurs chiefly as a legal term the disregard of an authoritative enactment or the fine for such disregard, amounting to 120 shillings. Some of the offences to which it applies may be seen from the following passages:--Gif hwá bútan porte ceápige, ðonne sý hé cyninges oferhýrnesse scyldig, L. Ed. 1; Th. i. 158, 14. Ðæt se wǽre, ðe rihtes wyrnde, scyldig æt þriddan cyrre cyninges oferhýrnesse ðæt is .cxx. sciɫɫ., 2; Th. i. 160, 16. Ne underfó nán man óðres mannes man bútan ðæs leáfe ðe hé ǽr fyligde. Gif hit hwá dó, béte míne oferhýrnesse, 10; Th. i. 164, 18. Gif hwá gemót forsitte þríwa, gilde ðæs cynges oferhýrnesse . . . Gif hé nylle ða oferhýrnesse syllan, ðonne rídan ða yldestan men . . . Gif hwá nylle rídan mid his geféran, gilde cynges oferhýrnesse, L. Ath. i. 20; Th. i. 208, 26-210, 1. Gif hwá hreám gehýre and nine forsitte, gylde ðæs cynges oferhýrnysse, L. C. S. 29; Th. i. 392, 18. Ne quis pecuniam puram et recte appendentem sonet, monetetur in quocunque portu monetetur, in regno meo, super overhyrnessam meam, L. Eth. iv. 6; Th. i. 302, 15. Gé (geréfan) híraþ, cwæþ se cyngc, hwæt gé gelǽstan sculan be (on pain of incurring) mínre oferhýrnysse, L. Ath. i. prm.; Th. i. 196, 15. See Schmid. A. S. Gesetz. s. v. [Cf. Goth. ufar-hauseins disregard, disobedience.]
ofer-hlæstan to overload :-- Mid ðære herehýþe Rómáne oferhlæstan heora scipa, Ors. 4, 6; Swt. 176, 18, 27. Hié (the ships) mon ne mehte mid monnum oferhlæstan, 5, 13; Swt. 246, 11.
ofer-hleápan to overleap, pass by jumping :-- Ic oferhleápe transitio, Wrt. Voc. i. 60, 40. Saltus lunae, ðæt is, ðæs mónan hlýp, for ðan ðe hé oferhlýpþ ǽnne dæg, Lchdm. iii. 264, 24. Ðæt hors slóg on ðam wege oferhleóp, Bd. 5, 6; S. 619, 17. All eorþlíc þing wæs oferhleápende (transiliens), 2, 7; S. 509, 14. v. next word.
ofer-hleápend, es; m. One who overleaps; transilitor, Wrt. Voc. i. 60, 41.
ofer-hleóðor; adj. Not hearing, inattentive to sound :-- Se ðe ǽrest eáran worhte hú se oferhleóður ǽfre wurde qui plantavit aurem, non audiet? Ps. Th. 93, 9.
ofer-hleóðrian. I. to outsound, exceed in sound :-- Ðeáh ánra gehwylc hæbbe gyldene býman, and ealra býmena gehwylc hæbbe .xii. hleóðor, and hleóðra gehwylc sý heofone heárre and helle deópre, ðonne ðæs hálgan cantices se gyldena organ hé hý ealle oferhleóðraþ, and ealle ða óðre hé ádýfeþ, Salm. Kmbl. p. 152, 12. II. to exceed(?):--Ne frign ðú unc nóhtes má for ðon wit habbaþ oferhleóðred [-leóred(?)] ðæt gemǽre uncres leóhtes cave ne nos ulterius scisciteris jam excede terminos luci nostri, Nar. 32, 7.
ofer-hlifian. I. to tower above, rise high above :-- Sóna swá seó sunne sealte streámas heá oferhlifaþ, Exon. Th. 206, 3; Ph. 121. II. to exceed, surpass, excel :-- Ofer[h]lyfaþ praecellat, superemineat, Hpt. Gl. 413, 48. Hé óðre oferhlifaþ ceteris praeeminet, Past. 17, 3; Swt. 111, 1. Iohannes ealle heáhfæderas and Godes wítgan oferhlifaþ, Shrn. 95, 10. III. to tower over in a threatening manner :-- Oferhlifode ege heora ofer hig incubuit timor eorum super eos, Ps. Spl. M. 104, 36. Ofer[h]lifiende minaci, Wrt. Voc. ii. 85, 47.
ofer-hlifung, e; f. Eminence, sublimity, excellence :-- Oferhlifung eminentia, sublimitas, celsitudo, Wrt. Voc. ii. 143, 37. Oferhlifinge excellentiae, Germ. 393, 52.
ofer-hlúd; adj. Over-loud, noisy, clamorous :-- Oferhlúd clamosa, Wrt. Voc. ii. 131, 61. v. next word.
ofer-hlýde; adj. Over-loud, noisy :-- Hé ne sý oferhlýde on stefne, R. Ben. 30, 14. v. preceding word.
ofer-hlýp; es; m. A leap across or over, a bound :-- Ðes saltus, ðæt is ðes mónan oferhlýp, Anglia viii. 308, 24. For ðæs mónan oferhlýpe id est, propter saltum, 316, 43. [Cf. Icel. yfir-hlaup.]
ofer-hlýttrian to clarify, strain :-- Ic oferhlýttrige eliquo, Ælfc. Gr. 37; Som. 39, 42.
ofer-hoga, an; m. One who despises, a contemptuous, proud person :-- Se biþ Godes oferhoga ðe Godes bodan oferhogiaþ, L. I. P. 5; Th. ii. 308, 31. Hér sýn on earde oferhogan godcundra rihtlaga, Wulfst. 164, 12. Oferhogan superbi, Ps. Surt. 118, 122: 139, 6. Oferhogum superbis, 122, 4. Oferhogan superbos, ii. p. 200, 16.
ofer-hogian to despise, contemn, scorn, disdain :-- Moyses symle ða nyrugde ðe God oferhogodan. Se ðe Godes bebod oferhogaþ, hé biþ on hǽðenra onlícnesse, Blickl. Homl. 49, 12-13. Sum fearhrýðer ðæs óðres ceápes geférscipe oferhogode, 199, 4. Hé ǽlce unsíuernysse oferhogode Chr. 1067; Erl. 204, 36. Ðá oferhogode hé ðæt hé áðer dyde, Ors. 6, 34; Swt. 290, 21: Beo. Th. 4679; B. 2345. Hié ealle worlde weán oforhogodan, Blickl. Homl. 119, 16, 20. Oferhoga hí, and ádríf hí fram ðé, Bt. 7, 2; Fox 18, 8. Warniaþ ðæt gé ne oferhogian ǽnne of ðysum lytlingum, Mt. Kmbl. 18, 10. Ða gýmeleásan and ða oferhogiendan hé sceal mid wordum þreágan, R. Ben. 13. 15. v. preceding and next words and ofer-hycgan.
ofer-hogiend, es; m. A despiser, contemner :-- Gyf hwylc bróðor ongyten biþ his yldrena geboda oferhogiend, R. Ben. 48, 6.
ofer-holt a forest of spears which rise over the heads of those who bear them(?):--Hié gesáwon fyrd Faraonis forþ ongangan oferholt wegan eóred líxan they (the Israelites) saw Pharaoh's host advance, saw a forest of spears move (or saw them bearing a forest of spears), saw the band glitter, Cd. Th. 187, 27; Exod. 157.
ofer-hragan to come in storms(?):--Wǽtum hé oferhrægeþ, gebryceþ burga geatu it (snow) comes in damp storms on cities' gates, and breaks them, Salm. Kmbl. 612; Sal. 305. [Cf. Icel. hragla to sleet; hregg a storm.]
ofer-hréfan to roof over, cover with a roof, cover :-- Ðé oferhréf ufan mid hwítle cover yourself over from above with a cloak, Lchdm. ii. 76, 22. Porticas ealle swíðe fægere oferhrýfde, Blickl. Homl. 125, 25.
ofer-hréran to overthrow :-- Oferhrýred dirute, Wrt. Voc. ii. 26, 13. Oferhrérede obrutos, 62, 71.
ofer-hrops voracity :-- Ic brúce ðisum mettum mid sýfernysse swá swá dafnaþ munuce næs mid oferhropse vescor his cibis cum sobrietate, sicut decet monacho, non cum voracitate, Coll. Monast. Th. 35, 5.
ofer-hrýfan, -hrýred. v. ofer-hréfan, -hréran.
ofer-hycgan to despise, contemn, disdain, scorn :-- Gif hé ðis (lying at the feet of his superior) oferhigþ and hit dón nelle, R. Ben. 131, 7. Ðonne se mon oferhygþ (Hatt. MS. oferhýþ) ðæt hé bió gelíc óðrum monnum dum homo hominibus esse similis dedignatur, Past. 17, 4; Swt. 112, 3. Wé hine mid swá micle máran unryhte oferhycgeaþ swá hé læs forhogaþ ðæt hé ús ðonne giet tó him spane, siððan wé hiene oferhycggeaþ tanto graviori improbitate contemnitur, quanto contemtus adhuc vocare non dedignatur, 52, 4; Swt. 407, 17-19. Ðeáh hí hine oferhogden, ne for- hogde hé hí nó, Swt. 405, 31. Ða lytegan sint tó manianne ðæt hí oferhycggen (-hycgen, Cote. MSS.) ðæt hié wieton, 30, 1; Swt. 203, 7. Oferhige hí and ádríf hí fram ðé, Bt. 7, 2; Fox 18, 8 note. Utan oferhycgan helm ðone miclan, Cd. Th. 280, 7; Sat. 252: 283, 15; Sat. 305. [O. H. Ger. ubar-hugjan contemnere, aspernere: cf. Goth. ufar-hugjan to be puffed up.] v. ofer-hogian.
ofer-hýd, -hýdig. v. ofer-hygd, -hygdig.
ofer-hygd, -hýd, e; f.: es; n.: -hygdu, -hýdu (o); indecl. f. [the plural is used with singular meaning, cf. ofer-méde, -méttu]. I. in a bad sense, pride, arrogance :-- Hæfde hig ofyrhigd (-hýd, MS. T.) tenuit eos superbia, Ps. Spl. 72, 6. Oferhigd supercilio, Wrt. Voc. ii. 76, 20. Oferhygd, Cd. Th. 21, 22; Gen. 328. Wlenco, oferhýd, 258, 21; Dan. 679. Ðæs oferhýdes ord, 272, 3; Sat. 114. Se is kyning ofer eall ða bearn oferhygde (-hýde, Cote. MSS.) ipse est rex super universos filios superbiae, Past. 17, 4; Swt. 111, 22. In oferhygde in superbia, Ps. Surt. 16, 10: 58, 13. Hú mycel yfel ðé gelamp for ðínre gítsunga and oforhýdo and for ðínum ídlan gilpe, Blickl. Homl. 31, 14. Hí druncennesse and oferhýdo wǽron heora swiran underþeóddende ebrietati, animositati, sua colla subdentes, Bd. 1, 14; S. 482, 26. Sum on oferhygdo þrinteþ, Exon. Th. 314, 33; Mód. 23. Nó wé oferhygdu (or pl.?) ánes monnes máran fundon, 118, 15; Gú. 240. Ðæt heofenlíce ríce ðæt ða ǽrestan men forworhtan þurh heora gífernesse and oferhygde, 25, 1. Se dóeþ oferhygde qui facit superbiam, Ps. Surt. 100, 7. Ða dóeþ oferhygd, 30, 24. Ðás þing wé sculon forgán oferhýd gýtsunge ... ab his debemus nos abstinere, a superbia, et avaritia ..., L. Ecg. P. iv. 64; Th. ii. 224, 28. Næfde hé on him náðer ne yrre ne oferhyd, Bd. 3, 17; S. 545, 8. Him oninnan oferhygda dǽl weaxeþ, Beo. Th. 3485; B. 1740. Oferhýda, 3525; B. 1760. Ða setl ðe deófol for his oforhygdum of áworpen wæs, Blickl. Homl. 121, 35. For oferhygdum, 156, 13: Cd. Th. 268, 4; Sat. 50: 269, 6; Sat. 69. Ne gedafenaþ ðé ðæt ðú andsware mid oferhygdum séce, Andr. Kmbl. 638; An. 319. Hwæt is wuldor ðín ðe ðú oferhygdum upp árǽrdest, 2637; An. 1320. Þurh oferhygda, Exon. Th. 316, 23; Mód. 53. Hé oferhýda ágan wolde he would give way to pride, Cd. Th. 287, 20; Sat. 370. II. in a good sense, honourable pride (?), high spirit :-- Gif ðú gesáwe sumne swíðe wísne man ðe hæfde swíðe góda oferhýda and wǽre ðeáh swíðe earm hwæðer ðú woldest cweþan ðæt hé wǽre unwyrþe anwealdes and weorþscipes si quem sapientia praeditum videres, num posses eum vel reverentia, vel ea, qua praeditus est, sapientia, non dignum putare? Bt. 27, 2; Fox 96, 24. [O. H. Ger. ubar-huht, -hucti superbia.]
ofer-hygd; adj. Proud :-- Oferhygdum égan superbo oculo, Ps. Surt. 100, 5. Oferhygde (sic MS.) superbi. Ps. Th. 139, 5. Ða oferhygdan superbi, Ps. Surt. 118, 78: 118, 21. Ágyld edleán oferhygdum redde retributionem superbis, Ps. Spl. C. 93, 2. Tóstrægd oferhygd dispersit superbos, Lk. Skt. Rush. 1, 51.
ofer-hygdig, -hýdig, es; n. Pride :-- Ðonne hí oferhýdig up áhófan and him wóhgodu worhtan and grófun in sculptilibus suis emulati sunt eum, Ps. Th. 77, 58.
ofer-hygdig, -hýdig; adj. Proud, arrogant, haughty :-- Hé eode tó reordum mid tócumendum mannum. Ðá tǽlde hine án oferhýdig bisceop for ðon, Shrn. 129, 28. Ðone oferhygdgan superbum, Ps. Surt. 88, 11. Ða wǽron hí æfter æþelborennysse oferhýdige, Homl. Th. ii. 174, 8. Ða oferhýdegan, Ps. Th. 118, 78. Égan oferhygdigra oculos superborum, Ps. Surt. 17, 28: 118, 69. Ofyrhýdigra, Ps. Spl. 118, 69. Ðú eallum oferhýdigum eáþmódnesse forgifest, Blickl. Homl. 141, 12. Oferhýdegum eágum superbo oculo, Ps. Th. 100, 5. Fyll ða oferhýdigan, 73, 22. Ða oferhygdego superbos, Lk. Skt. Lind. 1, 51. [O. H. Ger. ubar-huctig superbus.]
ofer-hygdigian to be proud :-- Ðonne oferhygdgaþ se árleása dum superbit impius, Ps. Surt. 9, 23.
ofer-hyge (?), es; m. Pride, arrogance :-- Ðú mé oferhige (or ofer hige? mé ofer corresponding to super me in the Latin) on ealle gelǽddest omnes elationes tuas super me induxisti, Ps. Th. 87, 7.
ofer-hylmend, es; m. One who conceals, who does not act openly :-- Ic oferhylmend ealle getealde ða on eorþan yfele wǽron praevaricantes reputavi omnes peccatores terrae, Ps. Th. 118, 119. [Cf. Icel. hylma yfir to hide, conceal (as a law phrase); yfir-hylma to hide, cloak; yfir-hylming a hiding, cloaking.]
ofer-hýran, -hýre, -hýrness. v. ofer-híran, -híre, -hírness.
ofer-hyrned; adj. Having horns above :-- Úr býþ oferhyrned, Runic pm. Kmbl. 339, 8; Rún. 2.
oferian; p. ode To exalt :-- Geoferode sublimati, exaltati, Hpt. Gl. 428, 47.
ofer-ild, e; f. Very great age :-- Him se deáþ geneálǽcþ for ðære oferylde, Wulfst. 147, 27.
ofering, e; f. Superfluity :-- Gif ðú ofer gemet itst oððe drincst oððe cláþa ðé má on hæfst ðonne ðú þurfe seó ofering ðé wurþ tó sáre cujus satietatem si superfluis urgere velis, quod infuderes fiet noxium, Bt. 14, 1; Fox 42, 16. Hé wilnigen mid oferinge hiora gítsunga gefyllan qui abundantiam suam ambitus superfluitate meliantur, 14, 2; Fox 44, 14.
ofer-irnan. I. to pass by running, cross :-- Ða hwíle ðe se móna ðære sceade ord oferyrnþ while the moon is crossing the point of the shadow, Lchdm. iii. 240, 26. II. to run over, go over a subject :-- Nú wille wé eft oferyrnan ða ylcan godspellícan endebyrdnysse, Homl. Th. i. 104, 7. Wé wyllaþ scortlíce oferyrnan ða dígelystan word, 202, 29. III. to come upon with violence, overwhelm, to come upon with surprise :-- Seó sǽ oferarn Pharao and ealle his crætu, ii. 194, 27. Mé slǽp oferarn cum mihi somnus obrepsisset, Bd. 5, 9; S. 622, 33.
ofer-lád, e; f. A carrying across, translation :-- Oferlád translationem, Rtl. 62, 19. v. lád. III.
ofer-lǽdan to oppress :-- Ðá wæs se munt mid mycelum brógan eall oferlǽded; and unhiérlíc storm of ðæm munte ástág, Blickl. Homl. 203, 7. [Shal neither kynge ne knyʒte, constable ne meire ouerlede þe comune, Piers. P. 3, 314: Prompt. Parv. ovyrledyñ opprimo; ovyrledare oppressor; ovyrledynge oppressio.]
ofer-læg, es; n. A cloak: :-- Oberlagu amfibula (amfibulum birrum villosum, Isidore), Txts. 111, 1.
ofer-leóf; adj. Exceedingly dear :-- Éðel byþ oferleóf ǽghwylcum men, Runic pm. Kmbl. 344, 3; Rún. 23.
ofer-leóran. I. to pass, pass away, pass by :-- Hé oferlióræs (-lióraþ, Rush.) from deáþe in lífe transiet a morte in vitam, Jn. Skt. Lind. 5, 24. Oferleóraþ transeant, p. 4, 10. Oferhlióras transibunt, Mk. Skt. Lind. 13, 31. Ðætte oferleórade (transiret) ðió tíd, 14, 35. Tíd ðætte hé oferliórde of ðissum middengeorde, Jn. Skt. Rush. 13, 1. Oferleórdun transierunt. Ps. Surt. 118, 136. Oferleór transfer, Lk. Skt. Lind. 22, 42. Oferlióra transire, Mt. Kmbl. Lind. 26, 42. II. to pass moral bounds, deviate from right, transgress :-- Hæftas heársume ðæs hálgan word lyt oferleórdun, Exon. Th. 145, 21; Gú. 698. Oferliórende praevaricantes, Ps. Surt. 118, 119. Ofyrleórynde, -liórende, Ps. Spl. C. T. 118, 119. v. next word.
ofer-leórness, e; f. Deviation from right, transgression :-- Dónde oferleórnisse facientes praevaricationes, Ps. Surt. 100, 3.
ofer-libban to outlive, survive :-- Wes ðet lond becueden his bróðar, gif hé Cyneþrýðe oferlifde, Chart. Th. 465, 19. Láf oððe oferlibbende superstes, Gr. 9, 26; Som. 11, 7. [O. H. Ger. ubar-lebén.]
oferlíce; adj. Excessively :-- Hí mid heora synnum swá oferlíce swýðe God gegræmedon, ðæt hé lét Engla here heora eard gewinnan, Wulfst. 166, 18: 83, 14. [Cf. Icel. ofr-ligr excessive.]
ofer-líhtan to outshine :-- Seó sunne oferlíht ealle óðre steorran and geþióstraþ mid hire leóhte, Bt. 9, tit.; Fox xii. 2.
ofer-líðan to cross (water), sail across :-- Ástígende on scipe oferláð (transfretavit) ðone sǽe. Mt. Kmbl. Rush. 9, 1: Shrn. 88, 28: Cd. Th. 200, 26; Exod. 362. Oferlíðan transire, transfretare, Hpt. Gl. 492, 50. [Goth. ufar-leiþan.]
ofer-lufu, e, an; f. Excessive love :-- Seó oferlufu eorþan gestreóna, Wulfst. 149, 4: 263, 24.
ofer-mæcga, an; m. A man superior to others, an illustrious person :-- Ofermæcga spræc dýre Dryhtnes þegn (the angel sent to save Guthlac), Exon. Th. 143, 21; Gu. 664. [Cf. Icel. ofr-menni a mighty champion.]
ofer-mægen, es; n. Superior or overwhelming force :-- Wið ofermægenes egsan, Cd. Th. 127, 27; Gen. 2117. Hé hæfde wígena tó lyt wið ofermægene, Elen. Kmbl. 128; El. 64. Hyne Hetware hilde gehnǽgdon mid ofermægene, Beo. Th. 5827; B. 2917. Forst and snáw mid ofermægene eorfan þeccaþ, Exon. Th. 215, 6; Ph. 249. Him on swaðe fylgeþ A ofermægene, Salm. Kmbl. 187; Sal. 93. [Cf. O. H. Ger. ubar-meginón praevalere: Ger. über-macht: Icel. ofr-efli overwhelming force.]
ofer-mǽned (?) made too common (?), trite :-- Oferméned contrita, Wrt. Voc. ii. 19, 43: 92, 37.
ofer-mæstan to over-fatten :-- Swá ðæt úre líchama ne wurþe ofermæst tó ídelum lustum, Bd. Whelc. 228, 25.
ofer-mǽte; adj. Beyond measure, excessive, immoderate, immense :-- Ofermǽte insolens, Hpt. Gl. 526, 10. Moyses behelede ða ofermǽtan bierhto his ondwlitan, Past. 63; Swt. 459, 19. God hyra ofermǽtan ofermétto genyðerode, Ors. 1, 7; Swt. 38, 27. Hé hét ða ofermǽtan brycge mid stáne ofer gewyrcan, 2, 5; Swt. 84, 3. Æt ðám ofermǽtum wæterum de multitudine aquarum, Ps. Th. 17, 17. Ýða ofermǽta, Exon. Th. 53, 23; Cri. 855. [Cf. Icel. ofr-máta excessively: Ger. über-mässig.]
ofermǽt-lic; adj. Immense :-- Ðonne swá ofermǽtlícu rícu onstyrede wǽron ubi tot et talia regna mutata sunt, Ors. 1, 12; Swt. 52, 10.
ofer-mǽtu (o); indecl. f. Excess, presumption :-- Ádríf fram mé dysig and ofermǽto and sile mé wísdóm. Shrn. 169, 16.
ofer-máðum, es; m. A very valuable treasure, a treasure of surpassing worth, Beo. Th. 5979; B. 2993.
ofer-méde, es; n.: -médu; f. [the plural form is used with singular meaning, cf. ofer-hygd, -méttu] Pride :-- His ofermédu is fruma úres forlores, Past. 41; Swt. 301, 8. Ofermédes elationis, Hpt. Gl. 433, 31. His engyl ongan oferméde micel áhebban, Cd. Th. 19, 19; Gen. 293. Ðæt hie ne ástigan on ofermédu, Blickl. Homl. 185, 14. Se ðe on ofermédum leofaþ, Exon. Th. 317, 33; Mód. 75. [O. H. Ger. ubar-muoti superbia, elatio, animositas.] v. ofer-mód, -méttu.
ofer-méde; adj. Proud, arrogant, presumptuous :-- Cyning gefeaht wið ðone ofermédan (-módigan, MS. E.) aldorman, Chr. 750; Erl. 48, 10. [O. H. Ger. ubar-muoti superbus.]
ofer-médla, an; m. Pride :-- Eahta syndan heáfodlíce synna. . . eahtoþa is ofermédla, L. E. I. 31; Th. ii. 428, 8. Sóna swá ic mínes ofermédlan geswíce, 36; Th. ii. 436, 1. Gif hé on ofermédlan and on óðrum un-þeáwum his líf lyfaþ, 32; Th. ii. 428, 33 : Cd. Th. 257, 14; Dan. 657.
ofer-mete, es; m. Food in excess, a feast where food is in excess: -- Se ofermete ne befæst ús nǽfre Gode esca nos non commendat Deo, Past. 43, 9; Swt. 316, 19. Ofermettas commessationes, Bd. 4, 25; S. 601, 13 note.
ofer-méttu (o); indecl. in sing.; but declined in pl., where it is used with singular meaning, cf. ofer-hygd, -méde : perhaps all the instances which follow may belong to the plural, since eáþmétto takes a verb in the plural; f. Pride, arrogance, haughtiness:-- Hine his hyge gespeón and his ofermétto ealra swíðost, Cd. Th. 22, 35; Gen. 351. þurh heora miclan mód, and þurh ofermétto, 22, 7; Gen. 337 : 21, 30; Gen. 332. Hé biþ on oferméttu (-métto, Cott. MSS.) áwended . . . hé ástág on ofermétto in elationem permutatur. . . intumuit, Past. 3, 2; Swt. 35, 13-16. On ofermétto in superbiam, 19, 3; Swt. 147, 3: Bt. 6; Fox 14, 34. God hyra ofermǽtan ofermétto genyðerode, Ors. l, 7; Swt. 38, 28. God ða mǽstan ofermétto gewræc on ðam folce, 6, 2; Swt. 256, 5. Ðe ofermétto dóþ qui faciunt superbiam, Ps. Th. 30, 27. Ofermétto fastu, Wrt. Voc. ii. 33, 62. Ðis synt ða ídelnyssa ðisse worulde: ǽrest is ofermétta (arrogantia), L. Ecg. P. i. 8; Th. ii. 174, 32. Ne gerísaþ heom príta, ne micele ofermétta, L. I. P. 10; Th. ii. 318, 32. Heora eáþmétto ne mihton náuht forstandan, ne húru heora ofermétta, Bt. 29, 2; Fox 106, 1. Ðonne weaxaþ ða ofermétta (cf. ðonan mǽst cymeþ yfla oferméta, Met. 25, 44), 37, 1; Fox 186, 19. Mid his ágnum wordum ðone swiran gebiége his ágenra ofermétta suo judicio superbiae cervicem calcat, Past. 26, 3; Swt. 185, 15. On heora oferméttum in superbia, Ps. Th. 30, 20. On oferméttum áþunden, Past. proem.; Swt. 25, 6. Biscopum gebiraþ ealdlíce wísan búton oferméttum, L. I. P. 10; Th. ii. 318, 31. Lét befeallan on ðæt éce fýr ðe him gegearcod wæs for heora oferméttum, Homl. Th. i. 12, 4: Met. 5, 32 : Bt. 16, 1; Fox 50, 9-11. Mid ofermétum superbia, Past. 42, 2; Swt. 307, 7. Ne mæg hé wið ofermétta, Bt. 12; Fox 36, 10. Múþ heora spræc ofermétta (superbiam), Ps. Lamb. 16, 10 : Met. 7, 8.
ofer-micel; adj. Over-much, excessive: -- On ðære tíde wæs sió ofer-mycelo hǽlo on ealre worulde, Ors. 1, 7; Swt. 40, 3. Bútan hý ouer-micel geswinc habben, R. Ben. 65, 17. [Prompt. Parv. ovir-mikel nimius: Icel. ofr-mikill.]
ofer-micelness, e; f. Over-greatness, excess: -- Náht framaþ eallum dæge lang ádreógan fæsten gif æfter ðam metta oferfylle oððe ofermicel-nysse (nimietate) sáwl byþ ofersýmed, Scint. 13.
ofer-mód, es; n. I. pride, arrogance, over-confidence: -- Feala worda gespæc se engel ofermódes, Cd. Th. 18, 12; Gen. 272. Ðá se eorl ongan for his ofermóde álýfan landes tó fela láðere þeóde, Byrht. Th. 134,25; By. 89. [Gif hwa nulle for his ouermoð, oðer for his prude . . . his scrift ihalden, O. E. Homl. i. 9, 30.] II. a high style (?) :-- Ofermód coturnus, Wrt. Voc. i. 19, 5. [O. H. Ger. ubar-muot superbia : Ger. über-muth.] v. ofer-méde, -métto.
ofer-mód; adj. Proud, arrogant, presumptuous :-- Ne sceal mon beón ofermód, R. Ben. 17, 15. Cild ácenned ofermód him sylfum gelícigende a child born on the thirteenth day of the moon will be arrogant, pleasing himself, Lchdm. iii. 190, 14. Se ofermóda cyning (Lucifer), Cd. Th. 22, 9; Gen. 338. On Torcwines dagum ðæs ofermódan cyninges in the days of Tarquinius Superbus, Bt. 16, 1; Fox 50, 8. Ðú ne scealt nǽfre gelíce déman ðam eúdmódan and ðam ofermódan, L. de Cf. 3; Th. ii. 260, 25. Hig wǽron ofermóde ongén hig superbe egeriní contra illos, Ex. 18, II. Ða ðe wǽron ofermóde on heora heortan. Blickl. Homl. 159, 10. On ððre wísan ða ofermódan on óðre ða wácmódan aliter protervi, aliíer pusillanimes, Past. 23; Swt. 175, 18 : 32; Swt. 209, l. Ða eágan ðara ofermódena (superborum) ðú geeáðmétst, Ps. Th. 17, 26. Spell be ðam ofermódum cyningum, Bt. 37, l; Fox 186, l. Ofermódum superbis, Ps. Spl. 93, 2. Se Scyppend oft ða ofermódan geeádmétte, Homl. Th. ii. 432, 20. [O. Sax. oƀar-mód.] v. ofer-méde.
ofer-módig; adj. Proud, arrogant, saucy, wanton: -- Mǽden biþ ofer-módig a girl (born on the thirteenth day of the moon) will be saucy, Lchdm. iii. 190, 16. Ofermódige superbi, Ps. Th. 118, 51. Ofermódigra superborum, Ps. Spl. 118, 69. Ofermódigum superbis, 122, 5. Ða ofermódegan superbos, Bd. 3, 17; S. 545, 12. Tarcuinius ðe hira eallra wæs ofermódgast Tarquinius Superbus, Ors. 2, 2; Swt. 66, 28. [O. Sax. oƀar-módig: O. H. Ger. ubar-muotig contumax: Ger. über-müthig.]
ofer-módigian, -módgian, -módigan to be proud or haughty, to be puffed up with pride: -- Ðonne se unrihtwísa ofermódegaþ (-módgaþ, Ps. Spl. ) dum superbit impius, Ps. Th. 9, 21. Hwí ofermódige gé ofer óðre men for eówrum gebyrdum, Bt. 30, 2; Fox 110, 15: 42; Fox 258, 15. Hí ofermódigaþ for ðæm welan, 39, 11; Fox 230, 23. Ne ofermódgiaþ (superbium UNCERTAIN) ða scírmenn ná for ðý, Past. 17, 2; Swt. 109, 17. Hié wið Gode ofermódgiaþ contra Deum superbiunt, 29; Swt. 201, 16. Ðé læs ðe hira fýnd ofermódegodun ne forte superbirent hostes eorum, Deut. 32, 27. Hwý gé ofer óðre men ofermódigen, Met. 17, 16. [Cf. O. H. Ger. ubar-muotón superbire.]
ofer-módigness, e; f. Pride, arrogance: -- Ofermódignis superbia, Ps. Spl. 72, 6: 30, 22: 16, 11: 100, 8. Seó eáðmódnes of ácearf heáfod ðære ofermódignesse humilitas amputat caput superbiae, Gl. Prud. 36 a: 37a: 38a. Ofermódinysse arrogantiae, inflationis, Hpt. Gl. 523, 52. Ofer-módignysse insolentiam, 526, 8. Ofermódignessa superbia, Mk. Skt. 7, 22.
ofer-módigung, -módgung, e; f. The being proud, pride :-- Hit is ungecyndlícu ofermódgung contra naturam superbire est, Past. 17, 2; Swt. 109, 11.
ofermód-líc; adj. Proud, arrogant, presumptuous: -- Mid ofermód-lícum gilpe. Bt. 18, 4; Fox 66, 31. Hé sceal ða ofermódlícan word mid eáðmódlícum wordum gemetgian ut verba praemissae superbiae verbis subjectae humilitatis impugnet, Past. 54, 5; Swt. 423, 36. [O. H. Ger. ubarmuot-líh sublimis.]
ofermódlíce; adv. Proudly, arrogantly, insolently: -- Hí sprecaþ swíðe ofermódlíce os eorum locutum est superbiam, Ps. Th. 16, 9. Hit ofer-módlíce férde. Blickl. Homl. 199, 17: 201, 24. [O. H. Ger. ubar-muotlího superbe, proterve, elate, hyperbolice.]
ofer-módness, e; f. Pride: -- Ofermódnys superbia, Ps. Spl. 73, 24, 4. Ofermódnes eáðmódnes superbia . . . humilitas, Gl. Prud. 31 a: 29 a: 30 a: 32 a : 33 a. Bebeorh ðé wið ofermódnysse cave te a superbia, L. Ecg. C. proem.; Th. ii. 132, 10.
ofer-níd, -neód, e; f. Extreme need :-- Gif hit oferneód beó si valde necesse sit, L. Ecg. P. iii. 14; Th. ii. 200, 33.
ofer-niman. I. to take by violence, to violate :-- Be ðam men ðe wíf oððe mǽden ofernimþ mid unrihtum þingum de homine qui mulierem vel puellam per fraudem constuprat, L. Ecg. P. ii. 13 tit.; Th. ii. 180, 22. [The section to which the title refers is as follows: -- Gif hwá mid his ofercræfte wíf oððe mǽden nýdinga nimþ tó unrihthǽmede, Th. ii. 186, 20.] Gif ǽnig man ofernyme unbeweddod mǽden si invenerit vir puellam virginem, et apprehendens concuberit cum illa, Deut. 22, 28. Hé eode in tó mé ðæt hé mé ofernáme ingressus est ad me, ut coiret mecum, Gen. 39, 14. II. to take away, carry off :-- Sóna wæs ðæt ǽtter ofer-numen vidimus rasuram totam vim veneni absumisse, Bd. 1, 1; S. 474, 39. [O. H. Ger. ubar-neman to take away.]
ofer-nón the latter part of the day, afternoon: -- Middæg sexta: nón nona: ofernón oððe geloten dæg suprema: ǽfen vesperum, Wrt. Voc. i. 53, 12-15.
ofer-rǽdan. I. to read over or through: -- Ic oferrǽde perlego, Ælfc. Gr. 28, 6; Som. 32, 15. Oferrǽdan perlegere, Hpt. Gl. 439, 4: Homl. Th. i. 166, 7. Ðá heó ða gewrita oferrǽd hæfde, Ap. Th. 20, 20: 21, 12. II. to consider: -- Oferrǽdan ɫ hycgean coniici, Hpt. Gl. 439, 4: Homl. Th. i. 166, 7. Ðá heó ða gewrita oferrǽ hæfde, Ap. Th. 20, 20: 21, 12 II.to consider:--Oferrǽdan ɫ hycgean coniici, Hpt. Gl. 439, 4.
ofer-rano; adj. Over-luxuriant, extravagant, sumptuous: -- God lǽteþ reáfian eówere dohtra heora gyrla and tó oferrancra heáfodgewǽda. Wulfst. 46, 1.
ofer-reccan to convince, confute, convict: -- Gif hine mon oferricte ðæt hé ne móste londes wyrþe beón if it should be proved against him that he was disqualified for holding land, Chart. Th. 141, 11. Forðon hé ðus cwsæþ ðæt hé ða lotwrencas oferwunne and oferreahte quatenus et illos victrix ratio frangeret, Past. 30; Swt. 205, 17. Ðú hæfst mé swíðe rihte oferreahte (-rehtne, MS. Bod. ) thou hast completely convinced me, Bt. 34, 3; Fox 138, 11. Ðonne is betere ðæt hié mid ryhtre race weorðen oferreahte and mid ðære race gebundene and ofersuíðde prodest, ut in suis allegationibus victi jaceant, Past. 30; Swt. 205, 3. Ðý læs ðonne hié oferhyggaþ ðæt hié síen oferreahte útane mid ó;ðerra manna ryhtum lárum hié ðonne síen innan gehæfte mid ofermétum ne dum rectis aliorum suasionibus foris superari despiciunt, intus a superbia captivi teneantur, 42, 2; Swt. 307, 6. Cf. ofer-stǽlan.
ofer-renc[u], e; f. Over-luxuriance, extravagance: -- Manege ðe mid oferrence glengdan hý sylfe, Wulfst. 46, 2.
ofer-rícsian to dominate, rule over: -- Hé him geþafode ðæt hit mid anwalde him móste oferrícsian, Past. 17, 8; Swt. 119, 19.
ofer-rídan to cross on horseback: -- Sealde hé ðæt betste hors Aidane, ðæt hé on ðam mihte fordas oferrídan. Bd. 3, 14; S. 540, 18.
ofer-rówan to cross by rowing: -- Ðá hét hé his leorningcnihtas faran tó scipe, and oferrówan ðone brym, Homl. Th. ii. 384, 19.
ofersǽ-líc; adj. Transmarine: -- On ðám ofersǽlícum dǽlum in transmarinis partibus, Bd. 3, 28; S. 560, 13. Cf. ofersǽwisc.
ofer-sǽlig; adj. Exceedingly fortunate, more than happy: -- Se biþ gesǽlig and ofersǽlig ðe swylce cwyldas mæg forbúgon, Dóm. L. 16, 246.
ofer-sǽlþ, e; f. Pleasure or happiness that exceeds due bounds: -- Gif ðú wilnast ðæt ðú wel mǽge ðæt sóðe leóht sweotole oncnáwan ðú forlǽtan scealt ídle ofersǽlþa unnytne gefeán (cf. gif ðú wilnige ðæt sóðe leóht oncnáwan áfyr fram ðé ða yfelan sǽlþa and ða unnettan, Bt. 6; Fox 14, 32) tu si vis cernere verum, gaudia pelle, Met. 5, 27.
ofersǽwisc; adj. From beyond the sea, transmarine: -- Ofersǽwisc rind bark from beyond the sea (cinnamon), Lchdm. ii. 52, 3. Landferþ se ofersǽwisca hit gesette on Léden, Glostr. Frag. 10, 21. Hé (Benedict of Wearmouth) ða ciricean gefretwade mid godcunde wísdóme and mid woroldlícum frætwum ofersǽwiscum, Shrn. 50, 32,
ofer-sáwan to oversow: -- Ðá com his feónda sum and oferseów (superseminavif) hit mid coccele, Mt. Kmbl. 13, 25. [O. H. Ger. ubar-sáan.]
ofer-sceadwian to cover with a shadow, overshadow :-- Ic ofersceadewige obumbro, Wrt. Voc. i. 54, 59. Ðæs Heáhstan miht ðé ofersceadaþ, Lk. Skt. 1, 35. Genip ofersceadude hig, 9, 34. Seó lyft hí ofersceadewude, Mk. Skt. 9, 7. Ðû oferscadudest (-sceaduwedest, Ps. Lamb.) obumbrasti, Ps. Spl. 139, 8. Ofersceadwa obumbra, Ps. Surt. 139, 8. [Goth. ufar-skadwjan.]
ofer-sceatt, es; m. Money in excess (of a loan), interest :-- Ic onfénge ðæt ðe mín is mid ofersceatta (cum usura). Mt. Kmbl. Rush. 25, 27.
ofer-sceáwian to overlook, superintend :-- Preóstum gedafenaþ, ðæt hí heora biscope beón eádmódlíce underþeódde, and hé hí ofersceáwige, and heora wísan begíme, swá swá his nama swégeþ: his nama is gecweden episcopus, and ofersceáwigend on Englisc, ðæt hé ofersceáwige symle his underþeóddan, L. Ælfc. P. 37; Th. ii. 378, 25-30. [Episcopus . . . is on Englisc scawere, for he is iset to þon þet he scal ouerscawian mid his ʒeme þa lewedan, O. E. Homl. i. 117, 7.]
ofer-sceáwigend a superintendent; episcopus. v. preceding word.
ofer-scínan to cover with light, illumine :-- Næs ná ðæt án ðæt ðæt leóht ða dúne áne oferscíneþ, ac eác swylce ða burh, Blickl. Homl. 129, 2. Beorht wolcn hig ofersceán nubes lucida obumbravit eos, Mt. Kmbl. 17, 5. Ðonne his (the moon's) leóma ealne middaneard oferscíne, Anglia viii. 323, 7.
ofer-scúwan, -scúan to overshadow :-- Wolken oferscúade (-scýade, Lind.) hiǽ, Mt. Kmbl. Rush. 17, 5. [Icel. yfir-skyggja.]
ofer-seám, es; m. A bag :-- Oferseárnas sacculos. Lk. Skt. Lind. 12, 33.
ofer-sécan to make too great demands upon, put to too severe a trial, press too hard :-- Wæs sió hond tó strong seó (MS. se) ðe méca gehwane swenge ofersóhte the hand was too strong, which with its stroke put every blade to too severe a trial, i. e. Beowulf struck so hard that any sword would be broken, Beo. Th. 3655; B. 2686. [O. H. Ger. ubar-suochian, Grff. vi. 84.]
ofer-segl, es; m. A top-sail :-- Oversegl artemon, Wrt. Voc. ii. 100, 76.
ofer-seglian to cross by sailing :-- Ðá ástáh hé on scyp and oferseglode (fransfretavit), Mt. Kmbl. 9, I.
ofer-sendan to transmit :-- Ic ofersende transmitto, Ælfc. Gr. 28, 4; Som. 31, 40.
ofer-seócness, e; f. Extreme sickness :-- Unfæstende man húsles ne ábirige, búton hit for oferseócnesse sí, L. Edg. C. 36; Th. ii. 252, 2 : 30; Th. ii. 250, 20.
ofer-seolfrian to cover with silver :-- Hié eall heora wǽpn ofersylefredan deargentatis armis, Ors. 3, 10; Swt. 138, 31. Eall heora wǽpn wǽron ofersylefreda, 3, II; Swt. 146, 23. Ofersylfrede (-seolfrade, Ps. Lamb. ) deargentatae, Ps. Spl. 67, 14.
ofer-seon. I. to observe, survey, see :-- Ðú ðe ealle gesceafta ofersihst thou that dost survey all creatures, Bt. 4; Fox 8, 20. Æfter ðære wísan ðe ic hit oferseah quemadmodum inspexi. Nar. 2, 9, Swá ic mid mínum égum oferseah, and mínum eárun oferhýrde, L. O. 8; Th. i. 180, 29 : L. C. S. 23; Th. i. 388, 24. Ðú ealle míne fýnd eágum ofersáwe super inimicos meos respexit oculus tuus, Ps. Th. 53, 7. Ðæt hié heora sylfra eágon oforségon and heora eáron gehýrdon what they had seen with their own eyes and heard with their ears, Blickl. Homl. 121, 1. Oft wé oferségon þeóda þeáwas, Exon. Th. 118, 9; Gú. 237. Selfe ofersáwon ðá ic cwom, Beo. Th. 842; B. 419. Ofersewen respectus, Ps. Spl. 72, 4. [O. H. Ger. ubar-sehan respicere, superspicere.] II. to overlook, neglect, despise :-- Ða ðe tó ðam þríste sýn, ðæt hig God oferseóþ and swá mæniges háliges mannes dóm, Wulfst. 270, 23.
ofer-síman to overload, oppress :-- Gif metta oferfylle sáwl byþ ofersýmed si ciborum satietate anima obruatur, Scint. 13. Warniaþ ðæt eówere heortan ne sýn ofersýmede mid oferfylle, R. Ben. 64, 1: 138, 11. Ðæt ða unstrangan ofersýmede heora þeówdóm ne forfleón, 121, 23. [Þe burden ðe hé haddeus mide ouersemd, O. E. Homl. ii. 65, 4.]
ofer-sittan. I. to sit upon, occupy, take possession of :-- Ofer-séton obsederunt, Ps. Surt. 21, 13. Ofersétun sáwle mine occupaverunt animam meam, 58, 4. Done mǽstan dǽl his hæfþ sǽ oferseten the greatest part of it the sea has occupied, Bt. 18, l; Fox 62, 11 [We maʒen ouersitten þis lond. Laym. 8035.] II. to desist from, abstain from :-- Ic ofersitte supersideo, . Ælfc. Gr. 47; Som. 48, 45. Ic gylp ofersitte I abstain from boasting, Beo. Th. 5050; B. 2528. Wit sculon secge ofersittan we shall abstain from the sword, not make use of swords, 1372; B. 684. [Cf. Prompt. Parv. ovyrsyttynge of dede or time omissio]
ofer-slǽp, es; m. Excessive sleep :-- Wið overslǽpe, Lchdm. i. 342, 14.
ofer-sleán to reduce, subdue :-- Ðæt ða munecas furþor restan ðonne healfe niht ðæt seó dæges þigen tófered sý on ðære nihtlícam reste and seó hǽte ðære þigene oferslegen that the monks may rest more than half the night, so that the food of tie day may be distributed through the body in the nightly rest and the heat of the food subdued, R. Ben. 32, 15.
ofer-slege, es; n. A lintel :-- Oferslege oððe þrexwold limen, Ælfc. Gr. 9, 12; Som. 9, 28. Oferslæge, Wrt. Voc. i. 85, 65. Sprengaþ on ðæt oferslege (superliminare) . . . ðonne hé gesihþ ðæt blód on ðam oferslege, Ex. 12, 22-23. On hyra gedyrum and oferslegum. Homl. Th. i. 310, 29: ii. 40, 12 : 264, l : 266, 8. [Prompt. Parv. ovyrslay of a dcore superliminare.] v. ofer-dyre, -gedyre.
ofer-slop, es; n. An over-garment, surplice :-- Oferslop hwít habban, blisse getácnaþ. Oferslop bleófáh habban ǽrende fúllíc getácnaþ, Lchdm. iii. 200, 5-7. On oferslopum in stolis, Lk. Skt. Lind. 20, 46. [His (the canon's) oversloppe nis nat worth a myte, Chauc. Group G. 633: Icel. yfir-sloppr.] v. next word.
ofer-slype, es; m. An over-garment, surplice :-- Ðæt mæssepreósta ǽnig ne cume binnan circan dyre búton his oferslipe (-slope), L. Edg. C. 46; Th. ii. 254, 10. He is ymbscrýd mid hwítum oferslype he is clad in a white upper garment, Homl. Th. i. 456, 19.
ofer-smeáung, e; f. Excessive consideration of a subject :-- Sió ofer-smeáung mirþ ða unwísan, Past. 15, 6; Swt. 97, 17.
ofer-sprǽc, e; f. Excessive speaking, loquacity :-- Ne biþ nǽfre sió ofersprǽc bútan synne in multiloquio non deerit peccatum, Past. 38, 8; Swt. 279, 23. Áídlode on ofersprǽce multiloquio vacantes, 38, I; Swt. 271, 10. On ídle ofersprǽce supervacuis verbis, 38, 6; Swt. 277, 11. Ðonne mon mid ungedafenlícre and unwærlícre ofersprǽce ða heortan gedweleþ ðara ðe ðǽrtó hlystaþ and eác se láriów biþ gescinded mid ðære ofersprǽce cum apud corda audientium loquacitatis incauta importunitate laevigatur, el auctorem suum haec eadem loquacitas inquinat, 15, 5; Swt. 95, 19-21. Gelimpeþ ðæt his word beóþ gehwyrfedo tó unnyttre ofersprǽce contingit, ut magistri lingua usque ad excessus verba pertrahatur, 21, 7; Swt. 165, 18. [O. H. Ger. ubar-spráhhi.]
ofer-sprǽce; adj. I. speaking too much, talkative, loquacious :-- Se ðe ofersprǽce biþ multiloquio subditus, Past. 15, 6; Swt. 97, 6. Se ofersprǽcea wer vir linguosus, 38, 8; Swt. 279, 21. Ne beo ðú tó oferspréce ac hlyst ǽlces monnes worda swíðe georne ' give every man thy ear, but few thy voice, ' Prov. Kmbl. 58. Salamon cwæþ, dæt sélre wǽre to wunigenne mid león and dracan ðonne mid yfelan wífe and ofersprǽcum, Homl. Th. i. 486, 33. Ða . . . ofersprǽcean multiloquio vacantes, Past. 38, 6; Swt. 277, 3 : 38, 1; Swt. 271, 14. [Cf. O. H. Ger. ubar-sprácha zungun linguam magniloquum.] II. saying more than is just or true (v. ofer-sprecan) :-- Ða fácnes fullan weoloras and ða ofersprǽcan labia dolosa, Ps. Th. ll, 3. Ða ofersprécan ðe mé yfel cweðaþ qui maligne loquuntur adversum me, 34, 24.
ofer-sprǽdan to overspread, cover :-- Beón ðǽr (in the house for strangers) symble bedd genihtsumlíce ofersprǽdde, R. Ben. 84, 23.
ofer-sprecan. I. to say too much, use too many words :-- Ne flýt ðú wið ánwilne man ne wið ofersprecenne don't dispute with an obstinate man, or with one using too many words, Prov. Kmbl. 5. II. to say too much, more than is just :-- Ofersprecendes obloquentis, Ps. Lamb. 43, 17. [O. H. Ger. ubar-sprehhan blasphemare.]
ofer-sprecol; adj. I. given to talk too much, talkative, loquacious :-- Se ðe ofersprecol biþ multiloquio serviens, Past. 38, 8; Swt. 279, 20. Se ofersprecola wer vir linguosus, R. Ben. 30, 5. II. given to extravagant, inconsiderate speech :-- Ofersprecelum procacibus, impru-dentibus, Hpt. Gl. 453, 14: 507, 24
ofer-sprecolness, e; f. Talkativeness, loquacity; superfluitas locutionis, Past. 43, 1; Swt. 308, 16.
ofer-stǽlan to confute, convince, convict :-- Ic oferstǽle confuto, Wrt. Voc. i. 34, 15. Oberstaelid confutat, ii. 105, 32. Oferstǽleþ, 15, 31. Ic eom geþafa ðæt ic eom swíðe rihte oferstéled, and ic beo ealne weig micle gefegenra ðonne ðú mé myd þillícum ofærstǽlest, ðonne ic ǽfre wéræ ðonne ic óðerne man oferstǽlde I allow that I am very properly confuted, and I am always much more pleased when you confute me with such arguments, than I ever should be when I confuted another man, Shrn. 197, 32-35. Ne beó dú tó ánwille; forðam ðe is gerisenlícre ðæt ðú sí mid rihte oferstéled, ðonne ðú oferstéle óðerne man mid wóge, Prov. Kmbl. 8. Ðæt hi ðæs deófles leásunge mid Godes sóðfæstnysse oferstǽlan, Homl. Th. ii. 100, 9. Oberstaelende convincens, Wrt. Voc. ii. 104, 37. Oferstǽlende, 14, 60: confutans, 23, 45 : Hpt. Gl. 436, 37. Oberstaeled convicta, Wrt. Voc. ii. 104, 45. Ðonne hé oferstǽled biþ when he is convinced, Past. 6; Swt. 46, 16. Hé biþ ðonne oferstǽled ðæt hé Godes feónd is he will then be convicted of being God's foe. Homl. Th. i. 612, 24. Gif hwá mǽne áþ on háligdóme swerige, and hé oferstǽled weorðe if a man commit perjury on a relic, and he be convicted, L. C. S. 36; Th. i. 398, 5 : 37; Th. i. 398, 12. Oferstǽlede confutati, superati, convicli, redarguti, Hpt. Gl. 475, 19,
ofer-steall, es; m. Opposition :-- Gif ic ðísum dracan to forswelgenne geseald eom hwí sceal ic elcunge þrowian for eówerum oferstealle (the opposition which was offered by the prayers said at the speaker's bedside), Homl. Th. i. 534, 20. Cf. wiðer-steall.
ofer-stealla. an; m. A survivor :-- Heó wýscte ðæt heó nánne æfter hyre ne forléte, ðé læs gif hyra hwylc wǽre hyre oferstealla, ðæt se ne myhte on heofenum beón hyre efngemæcca, Shrn. 151, 13.
ofer-stellan to cross :-- Hit sum slóg oferhleóp and oferstælde (transiliret), Bd. 5, 6; S. 619, 17.
ofer-steppan to over-step, to cross, exceed :-- Ic ofersteppe weall trdnsgrediar murum, Ps. Lamb. 17, 30. Ðú oferstópe tu supergressa es, Kent. Gl. 1151. Ne oferstepe ðú ealde geméro ne transgrediaris terminos antiques, 854. Seó sǽ ne mót ðone þeorscwold oferstæppan (-steppan, Met. 11. 69) ðære eorþan, Bt. 21; Fox 74, 26. [O. H. Ger. ubar-stephen transgredi, excedere.]
ofer-stígan. I. to mount, scale, surmount, rise above :--Ic heofonas oferstíge, Exon. Th. 482, 24; Rä. 67, 6. Sume ða ýða hé hecerþ mid ðý scipe sume hit oferstígþ some of the waves the steersman avoids with the ship, some it surmounts, Past. 56, 3; Swt. 433, 3. Heó ða þýstre ðysses andweardan middangeardes oferstáh praesentis ntundi tenebras transiens, Bd. 3, 8; S. 532, 3. Hé on ánre diégelre stówe ðone munt oferstág. Ors. 4, 6; Swt. 172, 21. Breóst oferstág brim weallende eorlum óþ exle the boiling sea rose above the breast up to men's shoulders, Andr. Kmbl. 3146; An. 1576. Eles gecynd is ðæt hé wile oferstígan ǽlcne wǽtan, Homl. Th. ii. 564, 12. II. to transcend, surpass, excel, overcome, exceed :--Ic oferstíge excelleo, Ælfc. Gr. 26; Som. 28, 45. Ðú ealle ðíne yldran on ríce feor oferstígest (transcendas, Bd. 2, 12; S. 514, 9. Hé ealra óðerra heáhfædera mægen oferstígeþ, Blickl. Homl. 167, 23. Yldo oferbídeþ stánas, heó oferstígeþ stýle, Salm. Kmbl. 600; Sal. 299. Oferstíhþ excedit, i. superat, Wrt. Voc. ii. 145, 71. Ðæs gebodes micelnes his mihta oferstíhþ, R. Ben. 128, 14. Hé ongeat ðæt hé oferstág hine selfne semetipsum noverat transcendere, Past. 16, 2; Swt. 101, 13. Oforstág, Blickl. Homl. 163, 28. Oferstáh, Homl. Th. i. 70, 11. Hí swíðra oferstág weard a stronger guard overcame them. Exon. Th. 116, 3; Gú. 201. Oferstíge excedat, Wrt. Voc. ii. 145, 72. Ǽr ðan ðe ðæs dæges lenge oferstíge ða niht, Lchdm. iii. 256, 13. Oferstigan percellerent, supereminerent, Hpt. Gl. 489, 27. Ða yldo mid þeáwum oferstígende aetatem moribus transiens. Bd. 5, 19; S. 637, 4. Ða oferstígendan lufe the surpassing love, Homl. Th. ii. 408, 22. [Goth. ufar-steigan : O. H. Ger. ubar-stígan transcendere, transire, exsuperare : Icel. yfir-stiginn overcome.]
ofer-stige, es; m. Astonishment, extasy :--Hé cwæþ tó him sylfum: ' Nú ic wæs of ðam rihtan wege mínes ingeþances, ac betere hit biþ ðæt ic eft fare út of ðysum porte, ðý læs ðe ic tó swíðe dwelige ... gewislíce ic hér ongyten hæbbe ðæt mé hæfþ gelǽht fæste mínes módes oferstige, ðæt ic nát ná forgeare hú ic hit ðus macige,' Homl. Skt. i. 23, 551-556. v. ofer-stigenness.
oferstígend-líe; adj. Superlative :--Sume synd superlativa, ðæt is oferstígendlíce, Ælfc. Gr. 5; Som. 4, 63.
ofer-stigenness, e; f. A passing over :--Geleórednysse ɫ oferstigenysse extaseos, trdnsgressionis. Hpt. Gl. 413, 9. v. ofer-stige.
ofer-swimman to cross by swimming :--Oferswam ða sioleþa bigong sunu Ecgþeówes, Beo. Th. 4723; B. 2367. [O. H. Ger. ubar-swimman tranare.]
ofer-swíðan; p. -swíðde, but also -swáð To prove stronger than or superior to another, to overcome, overpower, conquer, surpass:-- Obersuíðo vinco, Wrt. Voc. ii. 123, 69. Ic oferswíðe vinco, Ælfc. Gr. 28; Som. 32, 17. Ic nardes stenc oferswíðe mid mínre swétnesse, Exon. Th. 423, 29; Rä. 41, 29. Ðú ðe úre wiðerwinnan oferswíðst, Homl. Skt. i. 11, 233. Ðú oferswíðest deáþ, Blickl. Homl. 141, 13. Hé on his mægenes weorþunga oferswíð ealra óðerra Godes martira wuldor, 167, 25. Gyf strengra hine oferswýð (-swíð, MSS. B. C. ) si fortior vicerit eum. Lk. Skt. MS. A. 11, 22. Oferswýðeþ, Beo. Th. 564; B. 279. Ðú oferswíðdest ðone deófol, Homl. Skt. i. 3, 436 : Blickl. Homl. 157, 4. Hé ðone ealdan gedwolan oforswíðde, 7, 13. Gaius Julius se cásere Brettas oferswíðde, Chr. Erl. 4, 24 : Ors. 1, 2; Swt. 30, 22. Hé þurh Godes mihte ðone cwelmbæ-acute;ran drenc oferswíðde, Homl. Th. i. 72, 12. Heó þurh martyrdóm ðisne middaneard oferswáð. Homl. Skt. i. 2, 4. Hé ðone feónd oferswáð, Shrn. 13, 30. Ða ðe mid sygefæstum deáþe middangeard oferswíðdon, Homl. Th. i. 84, 31. Oferswíð ðás cristenan þurh tearte wíta, Homl. Skt. i. 11, 137. Ðonne hé ðone áwyrgdan gást oferswíðe, Blickl. Homl. 31, 31. Deófol oferswíðan, 29, 1 : Elen. Kmbl. 2354; El. 1178. Mid swinglan oferswíðan, Bd. 1, 7; S. 478, l: 1, 25; S. 487, 1. Mid gedwylde láre oferswíðan, Homl. Th. i. 44, 26. Ðæt geþyld oferswíðende patientia victrix, Prud. 25 a. Hí habbaþ deófol oferswíðed, Blickl. Homl. 35, 4. Oferswíðod, Homl. Skt. i. 1, 8: 4, 57. Is betre ðæt hié weorðen gebundene and oferswíðde, Past. 30; Swt. 204, 4; Blickl. Homl. 145, 13. Wit sýn oferswíðede, 181, 30. Oferswíðdum leahtrum devictis vitiis, Prud. 28 b. v. un-oferswutende.
ofer-swíðe adv. Over-much, loo much :--Sý hé snotor and ná oferswíðe ne þreáge, R. Ben. 121, 3. Ða heáfodmen lufedon swíðe and oferswíðe gítsunge on golde and on seolfre. Chr. 1086; Erl. 220, 5. [Ouermuchel and ouerswuðe ivonded, A. R. 178, 9.]
ofer-swíðestre, an; f. A conqueror; victrix, Wrt. Voc. ii. 141, 68.
ofer-swíðness, e; f. Oppression, distress:-- Oferswíðnisse pressura, Lk. Skt. Rush. 21, 25: Jn. Skt. Rush. 16, 33.
ofer-swíðrian to prevail, conquer :--Ic oforswíðrode ongén hine praevalui adversum eum, Ps. Lamb. 12, 5. Wé oferswíðredon (-swíðdon MS. F.) on ðysum eallum þurh ðone ðe us lufode ' in all these things we are more than conquerors through him that loved us' (Rom. 8, 37), R. Ben. 27, 12.
ofer-swíðung, e; f. Oppression, distress; pressura, Jn. Skt. Lind. 16, 21, 33 : p. 7, 17.
ofer-swógan to cover thickly :--Mid þýstro genipum ðæs muntes cnoll eall oferswógen wæs, Blickl. Homl. 203, 9. v. á-swógan, ge-swógen.
ofer-tæl, es; n. An odd number :--Ðæra pipercorna sý ofertæl, ðæt ys ðý forman dæge án and þrittig, and ðý óðrum dæge seofontýne, and dý þriddan dæge þreótýne, Lchdm. i. 288, 8.
ofer-teldan to cover with an awning :--Segle ofertolden. Cd. Th. 182, 26; Exod. 81. [Al þe cure ouertild, Jul. 9, 8.]
ofer-teón. I. to draw one thing over another, to cover by drawing one thing over another :--Ðonne ic oferteó heofenan mid wolcnum cum obduxero nubibus coelum, Gen. 9, 14 : Homl. Th. i. 22, 11. Woruld miste oferteáh, þýstrum biþeahte, Exon. Th. 178, 35; Gú. 1254. Hé nǽfre eft nolde ealne middaneard mid nánum flóde oferteón, Scrd. 21, 21. Ðonne se fulla móna wyrð ofertogen mid þýstrum, Bt. 39, 3; Fox 214, 29 : Met. 9, 16. II. to bring to an end, finish :--Ofertogen finitum, Wrt. Voc. ii. 134, 4.
ofer-þearf, e; f. Extreme need :--Gif ðæs oferþearf síe ǽr mete, ðæt hé spíwan mǽge. Lchdm. ii. 226, 9 : Wulfst. 134, 21. Ágan ða yldran ðæs oferþearfe, ðæt hí heora gingran Gode gestrýnan, 38, 23. For oferþearfe ilda cynnes. Elen. Kmbl. 1039; El. 521. Ða unþeáwas habbaþ oferþearfe hreówsunga. Bt. 31, 1; Fox 110, 27.
ofer-þearfa, an; m. One in extreme need :--Is seó bót gelong æt ðé ánum oferþearfum on thee alone depends the remedy f or those in dire need, Exon. Th. 10, 17; Cri. 153.
ofer-þeccan to cover :--Blódig woken oforþecþ ealne ðysne heofon, Blickl. Homl. 91, 33 : 93, 2. Eall eorþe biþ mid þeóstrum oforþeaht, 93, 6. Mid forste oferþeaht covered with ice. Homl. Skt. i. 11, 143. þicce vel oferþeaht condensa, i. spissa, secreta, Wrt. Voc. ii. 135, 65. He onwreáh ða eorþan ðe ǽr wæs oferþeaht mid feóndum revelabit condensa, Ps. 28, 7. Mid þeóstrum oferþeht. Homl. Th. ii. 350, 17. Scip mid ýðum oferþeht, 378, 15 : Hexam. 6; Norm. 10, 18 : Exon. Th. 353, 10; Reim. 10. [Ger. über-decken.]
ofer-þeón; p. -þáh, -þeáh; pl. -þugon, -þungon; pp. -þogen, -þungen To thrive beyond others, to excel, surpass :--Ic oferþeó excello, Ælfc. Gr. 37; Som. 39, 28. Oft on lǽwedum háde mid gódum weorcum man oferþíhþ ðone munuchád. Past. 52, 10; Swt. 411, 36. Oferþýhb, R. Ben. 12, 16. Hé oferþeáh biscopes, Shrn. 17, 11. Bútan hwylc óðerne mid geearnunge oferþeó, R. Ben. 12, 21. Bonan mǽndon ðæt hý monnes beam oferþunge. Exon. Th. 128, 10; Gú. 402. Oferþuge praestaret, superaret, superexcelleret, Hpt. Gl. 480, 1. Oferþeón praestare, antecellere, 417, 62 : melior esse, 418, 67. Ic hæbbe ðé oferþogen, Homl. Th. i. 448, 34 : Homl. Skt. i. 3, 209. Seó hæfþ ealle óðru wíf oferþungen mid clǽnnesse, Bt. 10; Fox 28, 21: 33, 4; Fox 132, 7 : Met. 20, 194 : Past. 32, 2; Swt. 213, 11. Hé wénþ ðæt hé hæbbe hié oferþungne on his lífes geearnunge transcendisse se vitae mentis credit, 17, 3; Swt. 111, 15. [Goth. ufar-þeihan.]
ofer-þrymm, es; m. Exceeding power :--Ǽr ðon se wlonca dæg bodige þurh býrnan brynehátne lég egsan oferþrym ere that august day (doom's day) announce by the trumpet fire burning-hot, over-powering terror, Exon. Th. 448, 10; Dóm. 52.
ofer-togenness, e; f. The condition of being covered :--Wið eágena ofertogennysse ad albuginem oculorum. Lchdm. i. 176, 16. v. ofer-teón.
ofer-trahtnian to comment upon, expound :--Langsum hit biþ ðæt wé ealne ðisne lofsang ofertrahtnian, Homl. Th. i. 202, 28.
ofer-tredan to trample upon, tread under foot :- Se geleáfa ofertret ðæt deófolgyld/ fides conculcat idolatriam, Prud. 9 a. Seó gýtsung manega ofertret avaritia multos sternit, 58 a. Seó rúmgyfolnes ða gýtsunge mid cneówum and mid fótum ofertræd largitas avaritiam genibus et calcibus perfodit, 68 a. [Þe Laferrd oferrcomm & oferrtradd te deofell, Orm. 12493.]
ofer-trúwa, an; m. Over-confidence :-- For ðam ofertrúwan on ðam friþe from over-confidence in the truce, L. Ath. v. 8, 7; Th. i. 238, 5.
ofer-trúwod possessed by over-confidence, over-confident :--Ðæm láreówe is swíðe smeálíce to underséceanne be ðæ-acute;m weorcum ðara ofertrúwudena subtiliter ab arguente discutienda sunt opera protervorum, Past. 32, 1; Swt. 208, 13.
ofer-wacian to keep watch, over, act as a guard :--Julianus wýcode wið ða eá Eufraten, and him olerwacedon syfanfealde weardes, Homl. Skt. i. 3, 271.
ofer-wadan to cross by wading :--Ðá gebeótode Cirus ðæt hé his þegn on hire swá gewrecan wolde ðæt hié mehte wífmon be hiere cneówe oferwadan rex iratus ulcisci in amnem statuit, contestans eum feminis vix genua tingentibus permeabilem relinquendum, Ors. 2, 4; Swt. 72, 33. [O. H. Ger. ubar-watan pertransire.]
ofer-wealdend, es; m. One who rules over others, ruler, governor :--Ealles oferwealdend. Elen. Kmbl. 2469; El. 1236.
ofer-weaxan to cover by growing, over-grow :--Hǽlend wæs sprecende tó Abrahame and wæs cweðende ðæt his sǽd oferweóxe ealle ðás woruld, Blickl. Homl. 159, 26. Mid wuda oferwexen, 207, 27: Homl. Th. i. 508, 23.
ofer-weder, es; n. Storm, tempest :--Heora scipu sume þurh oferweder wurdon tóbrocene. Chr. 794; Erl. 59, 22.
ofer-wenian to become insolent :--Oberwenide insolesceret, Wrt. Voc. ii. 111, 34. Oberwaenidae, Ep. Gl. 12 d, 20.
ofer-weorc, es; n. A superstructure, a tomb :--Oferwurces sarcophagi, tumba. Hpt. Gl. 488, 51. [Oferr þatt arrke wuss An oferwerrc wel, timmbredd (the mercy-seat), Orm. 1035.] v. ofer-geweorc.
ofer-weorpan. I. to overthrow, throw down :-- Nim eorþan, oferweorp mid ðinre swíðran handa under ðínum swíðran fét, Lchdm. i. 384, 19. Gif hé hié oferweorpe, mid x sciɫɫ. gebéte, L. Alf. pol. 11; Th. i. 68, 15. Ðý gewunelícan þeáwe horsa æfter wérinysse hit (the horse) ongan walwian and on gehweðære sídan hit oferweorpan consueto equorum more, quasi post lassitudinem in diversum latus vicissim sere volvere coepit, Bd. 3, 9; S. 533, 40. Mid ðý storme onwend and oferworpen tempestate convulsa, Past. 26; Swt. 181, 11. II. to throw (water, etc.) upon, to sprinkle :-- Oferwurpe ðú mid ðý wætere ealle burgwaran, Exon. Th. 467, 3; Hö. 133. Se ðe mid wætere oferwearp wuldres cynebearn, Menol. Fox 315; Men. 159. III. intrans. To fall down :-- Oferwearp dá wérigmód, wígena strengest, ðæt hé on fylle wearð, Beo. Th. 3090; B. 1543. [Uorte holden þet schip, þet uðen ne stormes hit ne ouerworpen, A. R. 142, 11. He oferrwarp þeʒʒre bordess, Orm. 15567 note.]
ofer-wígan to overcome in fight, conquer :-- Yldo oferwígeþ wulf, heó oferbídeþ stánas, Salm. Kmbl. 598; Sal. 299.
ofer-willan. I. to boil so that a liquid is reduced in quantity :-- Oferwylle óþ ðone þriddan dǽle, Lchdm. ii. 216, 3, 4: 228, 18: 238, 10. II. to overboil, boil too much :-- Nim ðæt wæter ðe pyosan wǽran on gesodene oferwilleda, 286, 29.
ofer-winnan to overcome, conquer, vanquish, subdue :-- Se ðe his mód gewylt is betera ðonne se ðe burh oferwinþ, Homl. Th. ii. 544, 10. Oferwinnaþ debellant, Blickl. Gl. Gif úre fýnd ús oferwinnaþ expugnatis nobis, Ex. 1, 10. Hé Soroastrem oferwann and ofslóh Zoroastrem pugna oppressum interfecit, Ors. 1, 2; Swt. 30, 11. Oferwan, 1, 6; Swt. 36, 17. Iudith seó wuduwe ðe oferwann Holofernem, Ælfc. T. Grn. 11, 15, 44. Hí oferwunnon mé expugnaverunt me, Ps. Spl. 128, 1. Oferwin onwinnende expugna inpugnantes, Blickl. Gl. Hé ðus cwæð ðæt hé ða lotwrenceas oferwunne, Past. 30, 2; Swt. 205, 17. Gif ðú wille ǽnige buruh oferwinnan (expugnare), Deut. 20, 10: Jos. 10, 4. Ðæt hí mihton heora fýnd oferwinnan, Bd. 1, 12; S. 480, 28. Seó ylce þeód wæs oferwunnen fram Eald-Seaxum, 5, 11; S. 626, 10, On ðǽm xxv. wintrum ðe hé winnende wæs hé ná oferwunnen ne wearð, Ors. 3, 7; Swt. 114, 6. Se mon hafaþ weán oferwunnen, Exon. Th. 475, 5; Bo. 43. Synd ða fýnd oferwunnene, Gen. 14, 20. Oferwunnenum feóndum devictis hostibus, Prud. 4 a. [O. H. Ger. ubar-winnan expugnare, superare, devincere: Icel. yfir-vinna.]
ofer-wintran to winter, pass the winter :-- Nán eówer nele oferwintran (hiemare) búton mínum (the shoemaker) cræfte. Coll. Monast. Th. 28, 1. [Ger. über-wintern.]
ofer-wist, e; f. Excess in eating :-- Sint tó manianne ða ofergífran ðeáh hié ne mǽgen ðone unþeáw forlǽtan ðære gífernesse and ðære oferwiste ðæt hé húru hine selfne ne þurhstinge mid ðý sweorde unryhthǽmedes, ac ongiete hú micel ofersprǽc cymeþ of ðære oferwiste admonendi sunt gulae dediti, ne in eo, quod escarum delectationi incubant, luxuriae se mucrone transfigant, et quanta sibi per esum loquacitas insidietur, aspiciant, Past. 43, 5; Swt. 313, 6-10. Hí lufiaþ oferwiste and ídele blisse, L. I. P. 14; Th. ii. 322, 24.
ofer-wistlíc glosses supersubstantialis, Mt. Kmbl. Lind. 6, 11.
ofer-wlenced possessed of superabundant means, very opulent :-- Hié andwyrdon ðæt hit gemálíc wǽre ðæt swá oferwlenced cyning sceolde winnan on swá earm folc swá hié wǽron responderunt, stolide opulentissimum regem adversus inopes sumsisse bellum, Ors. 1, 10; Swt. 44, 12.
ofer-wlencu (o); f. Ostentation, superabundant means :-- Ða ðe hyra lífes þurh lust brúcan ídelum ǽhtum and oferwlencum, gierelum gielplícum, Exon. Th. 127, 21; Gú. 389. v. preceding word.
ofer-wrecan to overwhelm :-- Oberurecan obruere, Wülck. Gl. 35, 14.
ofer-wreón; p. -wráh, -wreáh, pl. -wrigon, -wrugon; pp. -wrigen, -wrogen To cover, cover over, veil, hide, conceal, overspread :-- Ic oferwreó nubo, Ælfc. Gr. 28; Som. 31, 19: cooperio, 30; Som. 34, 43. Ðú ðe oferwríhst mid wæterum ða uferan hire qui tegis aquis superiora ejus, Ps. Lamb. 103, 3. Geswinc welera heora oferwríhþ (-wríð. Ps. Surt.: -wrýhþ. Ps. Spl.) hí labor labiorum ipsorum operiet eos, 139, 10. Oferwríhþ (-wríð. Ps. Surt.: -wrýcþ, Ps. Spl.) operit, 146, 8. Oferwríhþ operit, Kent. Gl. 323. Seó sóðe lufu Godes and manna oferwrýhþ ða mengo synna charity covereth a multitude of sins, L. E. I. 36; Th. ii. 434, 39, 37. Mycel mægen ðone heofon oforþecþ and oforwrýhþ, Blickl. Homl. 93, 3. God ǽlce stówe gefylþ and ufan oforwrýhþ, 19, 27. Seó sunne scínþ geond ealle eorþan gelíce, and ealre eorþan brádnysse endemes oferwrýhþ, Lchdm. iii. 236, 13. Unrehtwísnesse míne ic ne oferwráh (-wreáh, Ps. Spl. C. T.), Ps. Surt. 31, 5. Ðú oferwrige operuisti, 84, 3. Oferwráh (-wreáh, Ps. Spl.) operuit, 43, 17: 68, 8. Seó sǽ ealle his crætu and riddan mid ýðan oferwreáh, Homl. Th. ii. 194, 28. Þicce genip oferwréh ðone munt, Ex. 19, 16. Oferwreogan (contexerunt) mé þýstru, Ps. Lamb. 54, 6. Ne ne beóþ gecyrred oferwreón (tó oferwreónne, Ps. Lamb.: oferwreán, Ps. Surt.) eorþan neyue convertentur operire terram, Ps. Spl. 103, 10. Sume águnnon oferwreón (velare) his ansýne, Mk. Skt. 14, 65. Nacode wé sceolan oferwreón, L. E. I. 32; Th. ii. 428, 25. Næs Salomon oferwrigen (coopertus) swá swá án of ðyson, Mt. Kmbl. 6, 29. Ðæt dysig ðæt hit ǽr mid oferwrigen wæs, Bt. 39, 3; Fox 216, 6. Sýn oferwrigene operiantur, Ps. Lamb. 70, 13. Synna beóþ oferwrigenne for dǽdbóte, L. E. I. 36; Th. ii. 434, 22. Ðǽr stód án æmtig cýf oferwrogen, Homl. Th. ii. 178, 34. Se ðe wæs hwílon gescríd mid golde, hé læg ðá oferwrogen mid moldan, Chr. 1086; Erl. 221, 3. Hwítum gegyrlan oferwrohne (-wrogenne, MS. A.), Mk. Skt. 16, 5. Mid hwam beó wé oferwrogene? Mt. Kmbl. 6, 31. Oferwrogne contecta, Hpt. Gl. 417, 48.
ofer-wrígels, es; n. A covering :-- Ofyrwrígyls opertorium, Ps. Spl. C. 101, 28, Oferwrígelsum operculis, Wrt. Voc. ii. 62, 55.
ofer-writ a writing upon a subject, a letter :-- In oferwurit his in epistola sua, Mt. Kmbl. p. 8, 20.
ofer-wundenness, e; f. Experiment, proof :-- Oferwundennyssum experimentis, Hpt. Gl. 419, 38.
ofer-wyrcan to cover by working, to work a covering over something, to overlay :-- Hé hit him eft hám bebeád on ánum brede áwriten and siððan hit áwriten wæs hé hit oferworhte mid weaxe qui omnia civibus suis per tabellas scriptas, et post cera superlitas, enunciabat, Ors. 4, 5; Swt. 168, 14. Nǽfre nǽnig man ða lǽstas sylfe ufan oferwyrcean ne mihte, ne mid golde, ne mid seolfre, Blickl. Homl. 125, 35. Hús (the temple) oferworht mid golde and mid hwítan seolfre, Ælfc. T. Grn. 7, 35: Blickl. Homl. 125, 25. Hé wæs bebyrged and oferworht syððan (a tomb was erected), Homl. Skt. i. 21, 19.
ofer-ýð, e; f. An excessive wave, wave of a tempestuous sea :-- Ná selleþ on écnysse oferýðe rihtwíse non dabit in aeternum fluctuationem justo, Ps. Spl. 54, 25.
ofesc, e; f. A border (?) :-- Ðis syndon ðæs landes gemǽru ... Ǽrest of Seferne be hígna gemǽre ... and swá be ðære alra ofesce (along the border of elders?) on ða neówan díc, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. iii. 393, 11. v. owisc.
ofet, es; n. Fruit, pulse :-- Obet fraga, Wrt. Voc. ii. 109, 20. Ofet fraga (cf. streówberge fraga, 59), 36, 9: 150, 28. Ofet, wæstm fruges, frumenta, 151, 31. Ofet legumen, i. 38, 54. Ðis ofet the fruit of the tree of knowledge, Cd. Th. 46, 12; Gen. 655. Ofæt, 33, 11; Gen. 518. Ofett, Exon. Th. 202, 29; Ph. 77. Ofetes wós ydromellum, Wrt. Voc. i. 27, 43. Hit ofetes noman ágan sceolde, Cd. Th. 44, 34; Gen. 719. Ofætes, 30, 4; Gen. 461. Bergena oððe ofeta bacciniorum, Wrt. Voc. ii. 87, 29. Ofætum ɫ wurtum leguminibus, Hpt. Gl. 444, 71: holusculis, leguminibus, 494, 47. [Ayenb. Þet ovet of þine wombe: O. H. Ger. obaz, obez pomum, grosa: Ger. obst.]
of-faran to come up with those who are pursued, to overtake, to get near enough to attack, to reach and attack :-- Ðá Philippus wæs cirrende ðá offór hiene óðere Sciððie Triballe wǽron hátene revertenti Philippo Triballi bello obviunt, Ors. 3, 7; Swt. 118, 1. Ðá cómon Tarentíne tó heora ágnum scipum, and ðá oðre hindan offóran, and hié ealle him tó gewildum gedydan búton v Tarentini Romanam classem praetereuntem hostiliter invaserunt, quinque tantum navibus per fugam elapsis, 4, 1; Swt. 154, 6. Ðá offóron hié ðone here hindan æt Buttingtúne and hine ðǽr bésǽton they pursued and came up with the Danes at Buttington, and there besieged them, Chr. 894; Erl. 92, 22. Hié offóron ðone here hindan, ðá hé hámweard wæs, and him ðá wið gefuhton, 911; Erl. 100, 26. Ðá ne mehte seó fird hié ná hindan offaran, ǽr hié wǽron inne on ðan geweorce, 894; Erl. 93, 7. Se cyng ofslóh heora swá feala swá he offaran mihte, 1016; Erl. 157, 8. Ic tó fare adeo, ic eom offaren adeor, Ælfc. Gr. 37; Som. 39, 1. v. of-féran, -fylgan, -irnan, -rídan.
of-feallan to fall upon, kill by falling, destroy :-- Hit hreás underbæc and forneán offeóll ða ðe hit ǽr forcurfan the tree fell backwards, and by its fall very nearly killed those who before were cutting it down, Homl. Th. ii. 510, 2. Sigferþ cyning hine offeóll and his líc ligþ æt Wimburnan King Sigferth laid violent hands on himself, and his body lies buried at Wimborne, Chr. 962; Erl. 120, 4. Hé geslóg xxv dracena and hine ðá [of] deáþ offeóll he slew 25 dragons and then death fell upon him, Salm. Kmbl. 430; Sal. 216. Seó módinys wyle offeallan ða eádmódnysse superbia inruere vult super humilitatem, Prud. 32 b. Æfter his fielle wearþ ðara cásera mǽgþ offeallen caesarum familia consumta est, Ors. 6; 6; Swt. 262, 6. v. of-fillan.
of-féran to overtake (an enemy) :-- Pharao tengde æfter mid eallum his here and offérde hí æt ðære Reádan Sǽ Pharaoh pressed after with all his host, and overlook the Israelites at the Red Sea, Homl. Th. ii. 194, 16: Chr. 948; Erl. 118, 19. Se cyng férde him (the Danes) æt hindan, and offérde hí innan Eást-Seaxan, and ðǽr tógædere heardlíce féngon, 1016; Erl. 158, 1. v. of-faran.
of-ferian to bear off :-- Hé fræt fíftýne men, and óðer swylc út offerede láðlícu lác, Beo. Th. 3171; B. 1583.
of-fillan to kill by felling, to kill by causing to fall, to destroy :-- Gif mon óðerne æt gemǽnum weorce offelle (-fealle, MSS. B. H.), L. Alf. pol. 13; Th. i. 70, 9. Hí woldon heó sylfe offyllan oððe ádrencan ruina perituri aut fluctibus absorbendi, Bd. 4, 13; S. 582, 33. Ðá hét se déma ðæt wíf weorpan on seáþ and ðǽr mid stánum offellan, Shrn. 89, 29. Cf. of-feallan.
offrian; p. ode, ede To offer, bring a sacrifice or gift in honour of another :-- Ic offrige onsægednyssa immolavi hostiam, Ps. Spl. 26, 10. Onsegdnisse ic offriu ðé holocausta offeram tibi. Ps. Surt. 65, 15. Ðú offrast án celf, Ex. 29, 10, 18, 20. Offrede litarat, sacrificabat, Hpt. Gl. 415, 13. Hió offrede hiore ansegednesse immolavit victimas suas, Kent. Gl. 285. Hé offrude lác Gode his fæder mactatis victimis Deo patris sui, Gen. 46, 1. Offrode, Homl. Th. ii. 456, 34. [Hé offrede hit (the body of St. Florentine) Crist and sc̃e UNCERTAIN Peter, Chr. 1013; Erl. 149, 21.] Hí offrodon (immolaverunt) twelf cealfas, Ex. 24, 5. Mesiane noldon ðæt Læcedemonia mægdenmenn mid heora ofreden, Ors. 1, 14; Swt. 56, 16. Ðé ofreden (offerent) cyningas gefe, Ps. Surt. 67, 30. Lǽtaþ ús faran and offrian (sacrificemus) úrum Gode, Ex. 5, 17. Tó offrienne litaturus, Hpt. Gl. 522, 25. [O. Frs. offria : O. L. Ger. offron : Icel. offra: O. H. Ger. opfarón: from -Lat. offerre.] v. ge-offrian.
offrung, ofrung, e; f. I. the offering of a sacrifice or gift :-- Hit wæs gewunelíc on ealdum dagum, ðæt man Gode ðyllíce lác offrode on cucan orfe; ac seó offrung is nú unálýfedlíc. Homl. Th. ii. 456, 35. II. an offering, sacrifice:- Ic áxige hwǽr seó offrung (victima) sig . . . God foresceáwaþ ða offrunge, Gen. 22, 7-8. Hwæðer is máre, ðe offrung (ofrung, MS. A. ), ðe ðæt weofud ðe gehálgaþ ða offrunge (ofrunge, MS. A. )? Mt. Kmbl. 23, 19. Melu oððe offrung ador, Ælfc. Gr. 9, 21; Som. 10, 32. Offrung sacrificium, Wrt. Voc. i. 28, 49. Ofrung oblatio, 28, 43. Wylt ðú ús syllan offrunge hostias quoque et holocausta da nobis, Ex. 10, 25. Ofrunga libamina, sacrificia, Hpt. Gl. 487, 72. Offrunga holocausta, 509, 61: holocaustomata, 521, 71. [O. L. Ger. offrenga: O. H. Ger. Opfarunga.]
offrung-disc, es; m. A paten [? v. húsel-disc] :-- Ánnæ offringdisc into Nunnamynstær (he gives) one paten to the Nuns' monastery, Chart. Th. 553, 17.
offrung-hláf, es; m. Sacrificial bread, the shew-bread:- Hé æt ða offringhláfas panes propositionis comedit, Mt. Kmbl. 12, 4.
offrung-sang, es; m. A hymn sung when an offering is made:- Nú sceole we healdan úrne palm, óþ ðæt se sangere onginne ðone offringsang, and geoffrian ðonne Gode ðone palm, Homl. Th. i. 218, 9.
of-fylgan, -fyligan to come up with, overtake by pursuit; assequi, Lk. Skt. Lind. Rush. l, 3.
of-gán. I. to demand what is due, seek satisfaction for, require, exact:-Ic ofgá his blódes gyte æt ðínum handum I will require the shedding of his blood at thy hands, Homl. Th. ii. 340, 24. God ofgǽþ his feoh æt eów, 554, 19. Ic wille ofgán æt ðé his blód,i.6, 27. Ic wille ofgán ða scép æt eówrum handum, 242, 11. Ic wolde mín ágen ofgán mid ðam gafole, ii. 554, 9. Ofgán exigere, Wülck. Gl. 257, 29. II. to require what is not due, to exact with violence, extort:- Ic wille mid tintreg-um æt ðé ofgán ðises þinges insiht I will extort from thee with torments an account of this thing, Homl. Th. i. 590, 22. Mid ðám tintregum hé wolde his ǽhta æt him ofgán, ii. 180, 18. III. to require what is not one's due but is granted as a favour or for a fair equivalent, to obtain, hold by allowance of another:-His bróðer wearþ his yrfenuma swá swáhé hit æt ðam cynge ofeode his brother was his heir, according to the concession he had obtained of the king. Chr. 1098; -Erl. 235, 8. Gif óðres mynstres ár on óðres mynstres rýmette lége ðæt ðes mynstres ealdor ðe tó ðam rýmette fénge ofeode ðǽs óðres mynstres áre mid swilcum þingum swylce ðam híréde ðæ ða áre áhte gecwéme wǽre if one monastery's property lay in the space allotted to another, that the chief of the monastery that accepted the space should hold the other monastery's property on such conditions as should be agreeable to the society that owned that property. Chart. Th. 231, 10-18. Hé beád ǽlcon his þegna ðe énig land on ðan lande hafde ðæt hí hit ofeodon be ðes biscopes gemédon oððe hit ágéfon that they should hold it in accordance with the bishop's pleasure, or give it up, 295, 11. [1ch wille ðæt hit cume in ongeǽn, ððer ðæt man hit ofgó on hise gemóð, 387, 22.] Eádmund æþeling bæd ðone híréd ðæt hé móste ofgán (have, hold) ðæt land . . . Ðá cwæþ se cing ðæt hé nolde ðæt ðæt land mid ealle út aseald wǽre, ac ðæt ðæt land eft intó ðære hálgan stówe ágifen wǽre, 300, 13-33- Ofgán tó rihtan gafole to hold at a fair rent, 355, 23: 478, 21. Ofgán land wið gersumen, 587, 7. God wile ðæt wé mid gemáglícum bénum his mildheortnesse ofgán God wishes us to seek for his mercy by importunate prayers, Homl. Th. ii. 126, 5. Wé sceolon mid hálgum mægnum ðone eard ofgán ðe wé þurh leahtras forluron with holy virtues must we obtain the country, that we lost through vices, i. 118, 33. [lch hit wulle uorto ofgon (gain) þine heorte, A. R. 390, 13. To ofgon her Iyflode, Piers P. 9, 106.] IV. to start of, make a beginning of anything.:-Se ðe hine belecge ofgá his spriéce UNCERTAIN mid foráðe let him start his suit with a preliminary oath, L. O. D. 6; Th. i. 354, 30 : L. Ath. i. 23; Th. i. 212, 4: L. C. S. 22; Th. i. 388, 14, 17 : 30; Th. i. 394, 4. v. next word.
of-gangan. I. to require:-Ic ofgange exigo, Ælfc. Gr. 28, 6; Som. 32, 13. Eówer blód ic ofgange (requiram) æt eallum wilddeorum and eác æt ðam men; of ðæs weres handa ic ofgange ðæs mannes líf. Gen. 9, 5. II. to extort, exact what is not due:-Ofgang ða mádmas extort (from St. Lawrence) the treasures (of the church, about which he would say nothing), Homl. i. 420, 26. III. to acquire, obtain :-- Syle mé ðínne wíneard . . . ic ðe (Naboth) óðerne finde oððe mid feó ofgange give me thy vineyard . . . I will find thee another or will acquire it by purchase, Homl. Skt. i. 18, 175. Ne sý nan man ðe ðyses landes ǽniges dǽles brúke, bútan hé hit ofgange æt ðám híwum mid rihtum landrihte, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. iii. 435, 34. v. preceding word.
of-gangende derivative :-- Dirivativum, ðæt is ofgangende, Ælfe. Gr. 18; Som. 20, 58. Sume (pronouns) synd derivativa, ðæt synd ofgangende, 15; Som. 17, 33. Hwæt sí betwux ðám genitvum ðæra frumcennedra pronomina and ðæra ofgangendra. Som. 19, 41.
ofgangend-lic derivative :-- Dirivativa, ðæt is ofgangendlíc, Ælfc. Gr. 14; Som. 17, 4 : 17; Som. 20, 35.
of-georn; adj. Too eager, elated :-- Ofgeorn[um] subnixis, Hpt. Gl. 485. 45.
of-geótan. I. to moisten by pouring, souse, soak :-- Ofgeót mid ealaþ moisten the plants by pouring ale on them, Lchdm. ii. 140, 15 : iii. 28, 16. Ofgeót mid wætere, 48, 5. Ofgeót hý áne niht mid wýne ðanne on morgen nim ða leáf cnuca hý . . . and ofgeót hý mid ðan ylcan wíne ðe hý ǽr ofgotene wǽron soak them a night with wine, then in the morning take the leaves, pound them . . . and soak them with the same wine that they were soaked with before, 130, 30-132, 2. Sele wernmód on wearmum waetere ofgotenne, ii. 182, 6. II. to put out a fire by pouring water on it :-- Hit biþ gelíc, ðæt man mid wætere ðone weallendan welm (líg, MS. D. ) ofgeóte, ðæt hé leng ne mót ríxian, swá man mid ælmessan synna ealle álýseþ. Wulfst. 257, 21. Hí woldon ðæt fýr mid wætere ofgeótan, Homl. Th. ii. 166, 7.
Of-gerád; adj. Appropriate :-- Ðeáh ic hwílum gecoplíce funde, ic nú wépende ofgeradra worda misfó, Bt. 2; Fox 2, 9.
of-gesleán to slay: -- Hí ðǽr ofgeslógan (ofslógon, MS. E. ) micel wæl, Chr. 992; Erl. 130, 35. v. of-sleán.
of-gestígness, e; f. Descent :-- Ofgestígnisse descensionis, Mt. Kmbl. P. 8, 4.
of-gifan to give up, leave, abandon :-- Obgibeht (=ofgifeþ) destituit, Wrt. Voc. ii. 105, 77. Hé Dena land ofgeaf he left the Danes' land, Beo. Th. 3813; B. 1904. Hé ðás woruld ofgeaf he died, Cd. Th. 72, 30; Gen. 1194. Hé ðone beám ofgeaf he (Christ) left the cross (when he was taken to be buried), Exon. Th. 45, 35; Cri. 729. Hí flet ofgeáfon they gave up their halls (when they died), 290, 7; Wand. 61. Mec deádne ofgeáfun fæder and móder, ne wæs mé feorh ðágén in innan, 391, 7; Rä. 10, i. Hí heora land ofgeafan patria profugi, Ors. 1, 4; Swt. 32, 20. Ofgǽfon, Cd. Th. 6, 8; Gen. 85. . Ne ofgif ðú mé ne elonges a me, Ps. Th. 70, 11. Hé ða goldburg ofgifan (leave) wolde. Andr. Kmbl. 3309; An. 1657. Ofgefen distitutum, Wrt. Voc. ii. 106, 58. Ofgifene, 25, 59: Bd. 4, 9; S. 577, 3. [O. H. Ger. aba-geban destituere: O. Sax. af-geƀan.]
of-habban to keep from, hold back, restrain :-- Gif ðú ðæt (letting the people go) git dón nelt and ðæt folc ofhæfst (retines), Ex. 9, 2. [Goth. af-haban.] Cf. of-healdan.
of-hagian to be inconvenient :-- Gif his scrifte ofhagie, séce man tó ðam leódbiscope, Wulfst. 275, 5. Cf. on-hagian.
of-healdan to withhold, keep back, retain :-- Hé lét niman of hyre ealle ða betstan gærsuma ðe heó ofhealdan ne mihte he had all the best valuables, that she could not keep back, taken from her. Chr. 1035; Erl. 164, 23. Mí gauil hé hauiþ ofhealden my rent he has withheld. Chart. Th. 427, 30. [Ayenb, to ofhealde to retain.] v. of-habban.
of-hearmian; v. impers. To cause grief :-- Da ofhearmode (ofear-mode ? v. of-earmian) Gode heora yrmða God was grieved at their miseries, Jud. II, I. [Cf. Icel. harmr grief, sorrow; harmar einum it vexes one.]
of-hende; adj. Out of one's hand, taken away, lost to one :-- Gif him ǽnig ðara ofhende wyrþ if any one of them is lost to him, Met. 25, 34. [Icel. af-hendr.] v. on-hende.
of-hnítan to kill by butting, to gore to death :-- Gif se oxa wer oððe wíf ofhnít if an ox gore a man or woman, that they die. Ex. 21, 29: L. Alf. 21; Th. i. 48, 27.
of-hreósan. I. to overwhelm, cover, bury; obrnere :-- Oft eorþ-styrung fela burhga ofhreás, Homl. Th. i. 608, 26. Ðæt ne ða sleacgi-endan hé (sompnolentia) ofhreóse (obruat), Hymn. Surt. 18, 15. Swylce hé sý mid moldhýpan ofhroren. Homl. Th. i. 492, 33. Sume (martyrs) mid stánum ofhrorene, 542, 30. Mid sande ofhrorene operti humo Num. 16, 33. Ofhrorenne obrutum, Hpt. Gl. 487, 25. Ofrorene obruti, 506, 7: obrutos, 478, 77. II. to fall down: -- Heofonas berstaþ, tungol of hreósaþ. Exon. Th. 58, 12; Cri.
of-hreówan. I. to cause grief or pity (a) impers. with dat. of pers. and gen. of the cause :-- Mé ofhríwþ me miseret, Ælfc. Gr. 33; Som. 37, 24. Ðæs sceápes untrumnesse him ofhreáw (-hreów, MS. F. ), R. Ben. 51, 20. Him of hreow ðæs mannes he was sorry for man, Homl. Th. i. 192, 16. (b) with dat. of pers. and nom. of cause, or a clause introduced by ðæt :-- Ðá ofhreów ðam munece ðæs hreóflian mægenleást the powerlessness of the leper excited the pity of the monk, 336, ll. Mé ofhreów ðæt hí né cúðon ða godspellícan láre, 2, 22. II. to feel pity :-- Se mæssepreóst ðæs mannes of hreów. Swt. A. S. Rdr. 102, 216. lohannes ofhreów ðære méder dreórignysse, Homl. Th. i. 66, 21.
of-hyngrod very hungry :-- Eádige beóþ ða ðe sind of hingrode riht-wísnysse, Homl. Th. i. 204. Ofhingrod æfter rihtwísnysse, 550, 34- 35. [Gif þu ert ofhungred efter þe swete, A. R. 376, 18: Laym. offingred: Piers P. afingred.]
of-irnan. I. to overtake (by running) :-- Færþ hé (the evening star) æfter ðære sunnan, óþ hé ofirnþ ða sunnan hindan, Bt. 39, 13; Fox 234, 2. Ðæs wítegan cnapa, Gyezi, ofarn Naaman, Homl. Th. i. 400, 17. [Þe abbed æfter Uortiger rad & sone gon ofærne Uortigerne, Laym. 13149.] II. to tire with running :-- Hé wæs swíðe ofurnen he was very tired with running, Jud. 4. 19.
of-lǽtan. I. to give up, relinquish :-- Gif ðú ǽr ðonne hé worold oflǽtest If you die before him, Beo. Th. 2371; B. 1183. Ðá se ellorgást oflét lífdagas and ðás lǽnan gesceaft, 3248; B. 1622. Líf oflǽtan, Cd. Th. 65, 28; Gen. 1073. [Goth. af-létan ahman to give up the ghost.] II. to let off, cause (blood) to flow :-- Ðæt him (hine, Cott. MS.) mon ofléte blódes on ðam earme. Bt. 29, 2; Fox 104, 23. [Goth. af-létan to let off, forgive, dismiss : Ger. ab-lassen.]
oflǽte, -láte, -léte, an; f. I. an oblation, offering :-- Oflǽtan oblationem, Ps. Spl. C. 39, 9. Oflátan oblationes, Ps. Surt. 50, 21. II. a sacramental wafer :-- Eal ðæt tó húsle gebirige, ðæt is, clǽne ofléte, clǽne wín, and clǽne wæter, L. Edg. C. 39; Th. ii. 252, 13. Behealde hé ðæt his oflétan ne beón ealdbacene, L. Ælfc. C. 36; Th. ii. 360, 26. Benedictus ásende áne ofelétan, and hét mid ðære mæssian, Homl. Th. ii. 174, 26. III. a wafer like the sacramental wafer :-- Man sceal niman . vii. lytle oflǽtan swylce man mid ofraþ, Lchdm. iii. 42, 3. [Erest þat husel beð ouelete and win, O. E. Homl. ii. 97, 33. Icel. obláta, oblát a sacramental wafer : O. H. Ger. obláta oblatio: Ger. oblate wafer. From Mid. Lat. oblāta.]
of-langod; part. Seized with an excessive longing or desire :-- For ðære sibbe hé wearþ oflangod ungemetlíce he was seized with an immense longing on account of the love he bore his father and mother, Homl. Th. ii. 176, l. Oflongad, Exon. Th. 443, 13; Kl. 29. [Laym. : 0. and N. of-longed.]
of-lecgan to lay down :-- Eom ic on láme oflegd infixus sum in limo, Ps. Th. 68, l. [Goth. af-lagjan to lay down, put away.]
of-leógan to lie, be false :-- Ða ælþeódgan bearn mé oflugon filii alieni mentiti sunt mihi, Ps. Th. 17, 43.
of-licgan to oppress, to hurt by lying upon :-- Gif hwá on slǽpe his bearn oflicge ðæt hit deád wurðe si quis in somno infantem suum oppresserit, et mortuus sit, L. M. I. P. 41; Th. ii. 276, 10.
of-lícian to displease, be displeasing :-- Gode swýðe oflícaþ heora ceorung, Homl. Skt. i. 21, 240. Swá hwæt swá him oflícaþ ðeáh hit hálig sý hié hit lǽtaþ unálýfed whatever they do not like, though it be holy, they profess that it is not permitted, R. Ben. 9, 19. Ðá oflícode mé þearle ðæt ic eft tó ðam líchaman sceolde, Homl. Th. ii. 354, 10. Gif hwam seó lár oflícige, 216, 23.
of-linnan to cease, leave off :-- Ðæt wæter oflan and má of heora múþe hit ne eode the water stopped, and it no longer came out of the mouth of the image, Blickl. Homl. 247, 8. [Goth. af-linnan discedere.]
of-lysted, -lyst; part. Possessed with a very strong desire, very desirous for (with gen. of object) :-- Eubolus wearð swá mycclum oflyst Basilies láre, ðæt him ne lyste nánes metes, Homl. Skt. i. 3, 42 : Bt. 35, 6; Fox 168, 23. Ðá wæs ðes man swíðe oflyst ðæs Hǽlendes tócymes, Homl. Th. i. 136, 6. Þeód wæs oflysted metes, Andr. Kmbl. 2226; An. 1114: 2454; An. 1228. Ðá wæs hé swýðe oflysted ðæt hé ðæs eádigan weres blód águte he was possessed with a very strong desire to shed the holy man's blood, Guthl. 7; Gdwin. 44, 22. Ða ðe sind oflyste rihtwísnysse, Homl. Th. i. 204, 1 : Exon. Th. 464, 3; Hö. 81. [Oflust æfter deores flæsce, Laym. 30554.]
of-manian to exact a fine or due :-- Ofmanige se bisceop ða bóte tó ðæs cynges handa, L. Edg. ii. 3; Th. i. 266, 19, note.
of-munan to recall to mind, recollect :-- Ðonne hé hit eft ofman æfter lytlam fæce cum post paululum haec ipsa ad memoriam revocant, Past. 33, 7; Swt. 225, 19. Ne ofman hé nǽfre nánwuht forðæm nǽfre náuht hé ne forgeat he never recalls anything, for he never forgot anything, Bt. 42; Fox 356, 30. Ic wát æác ðæt ic hyt hæfde swá cléne forgeten ðæt ic hyt nǽfre eft ne ofmunde I know too that I should have so clean forgotten it, that I should have never again recalled it, Shrn. 198, 4.
of-myrðrian to murder :-- Men hine ofmyrðrodon, Chr. 979; Erl. 129, 7.
of-neádian to obtain by force, extort :-- Nú cýdde man mé ðet Æþelwold and ic sceoldon ofneádian ða bóc æt Leófríce I have been informed that Athelwold and I must have obtained the charter from Leofric by force, Chart. Th. 295, 32. [O. Frs. of-néda : cf. Ger. ab-nöthigen.]
ofnet a closed vessel :-- Geseóþ ofnete seethe in a closed vessel (vasculo clauso vel operto), Lchdm. ii. 30, 24.
of-niman to fail :-- Be ðam ðe him his sprǽc ofnimþ de eo cui sermo deficit, L. Ecg. P. i. tit. 3; Th. ii. 170, 6. [Ger. ab-nehmen to decrease, wane.]
ófost, ófest, ófst, e; f. Haste, speed :-- Ófost is sélost tó gecýðanne hwanon eówer cyme sý the quicker you make known where you come from the better, Beo. Th. 518; B. 256: 6007; B. 3007. Ófest, Cd. Th. 196, 18; Exod. 293. Ófst and hradung, R. Ben. 3, 11. Swá hwylc preóst swá wyrne (refuses to baptize a man) for ófste his fóre quicunque presbyter festinandi itineris sui causa deneget, L. Ecg. C. 6; Th. ii. 138, 21. Se cnapa hit mid ófste gegearcode puer festinavit et coxit illum, Gen. 18, 7. Mid ófste (oefeste, Lind.) cum festinatione, Mk. Skt. 6, 15 : Lk. Skt. l, 39 : Jn. Skt. ll, 31. Wé secgaþ nú mid ófste ðás endebirdnisse, for ðan ðe wé oft habbaþ ymbe ðis áwriten, Ælfc. T. Grn. 3, 30. Ðeós worald is on ófste this world is hurrying on (to its end), Wulfst. 156, 5: Cd. Th. 191, 32; Exod. 223. Beó ðú on ófeste hasten, Beo. Th. 777; B. 386. On ófoste, 5487; B. 2747. Þorh ófst per anticipationem, Wrt. Voc. ii. 116, 77. Ófestum hastily, Cd. Th. 140, 32; Gen. 2336. Ófestum miclum, 177, 15; Gen. 2930. Ófstum, 153, 8; Gen. 2535 : 161, 29; Gen. 2672. [Laym, ovest.]
ófostlíce; adv. Hastily, speedily, in haste :-- Hé stóp ófostlíce tóforan ðam biscope and feól tó his fótum festinus accedens ante pedes episcopi conruit, Bd. 3, 14; S. 540, 36. Ongan ófostlíce ðæt hof wyrcan. Cd. Th. 79, 24; Gen. 1316. Gewít ðú ófestlíce féran, 172, 24; Gen. 2849. Mé ófestlíce gehýr velociter exaudi me, Ps. Th. 101, 2. Ófstlíce cursim, velociter, Hpt. Gl. 446, 48. Éfstende wé sceolon etan úre eásterlícan blisse, and ófstlíce wé sceolon Godes bebodu healdan, Anglia viii. 323, 36: Cd. Th. 150, 6; Gen. 2487. Ófostlícor, Exon. Th. 17, 18; Cri. 272. [O. Sax. óbast-, ófst-líko.]
of-rídan to overtake by riding, overtake :-- Éfstaþ ardlíce and gé hig ofrídaþ persequimini cito, et comprehenditis eos, Jos. 2, 5. Abram éfste wið ðæs heres óþ ðæt hé hig ofrád, Gen. 14, 14. Se cyng hét rídan æfter, and ne mehte hine mon ofrídan, Chr. 901; Erl. 98, l: 877; Erl. 78, 21. v. of-faran.
of-sacan to deny a charge :-- Gif hwá ofsacan wille, dó ðæt mid eahta and feówertig fulborenra þegena, L. Ath. iv. 7; Th. i. 228, 3. [I ne mai hit noʒt ofsake, P. L. S. 15, 60. Cf. Icel. af-saka to exculpate.]
of-sceacan to shudder, shake with fear :-- Ofscóc exhorruit, Hpt. Gl. 504, 10.
of-sceamian to put to shame :-- Gif ðú ðé ofsceamian (onsceamian, MS. Cott. ) wilt ðínes gedwolan, Bt. 3, 4; Fox 6, 16. Hé wearþ ofsceamod, Homl. Skt. i. 12, 214. Se drý stód eádmód and ofsceamod the sorcerer stood humble and ashamed, Homl. ii. 416, 30. Hí gecyrdon him hám hearde ofsceamode, 518, 31. [0. and N. of-schomed: R. Glouc. of-ssamed.]
of-sceótan. I. to wound or kill by shooting an arrow or by hurling a weapon :-- Wulfstán ðone forman man mid his francan ofsceát, Byrht. Th. 134, 1; By. 77. Hǽþcyn his mǽg ofscét blódigan gáre. Beo. Th. 4870; B. 2439. Hé hiene ne meahte ofsceótan mid ðæm bismere quem commovere in ipsa contumeliarum jaculatione non potuit, Past. 33, 7; Swt. 227, 9. Hé mid geǽttrode fláne hine ofsceótan wolde, Homl. Th. i. 502, 18. Hé wearð ofscoten mid ánre fláne sagitta ictus interiit, Ors. 1, 2; Swt. 30, 13. Ðǽr wearð Leostenas mid ánre flán ofscoten ibi Leosthenes telo e muris jacto perfossus occiditur, 3, 11; Swt. 144, 27. Mid fýrenum flánum ofscotene (ofsceotene, 7), Homl. Th. i. 506,1. II. Ofscoten elf-shot, diseased from an elf's shot, Lchdm. ii. 156, 25: 290, 21. The disease consists in an over-distension of an animal's stomach from the swelling up of clover and grass, when eaten with the morning dew on it. See the Glossary and Jamieson's Scottish Dictionary elf-shot, v. next word.
of-scotian to shoot, wound or kill with an arrow, spear, etc. :-- Hé hét hine mid strǽlum ofscotian, ðæt hé wæs ðara swá full swá igl biþ byrsta, Shrn. 55, 8. Ne ofsleá hine nán man mid his handa ac sí hé mid stánum oftirfod oððe mid flánum ofscotod manus non tanget eum, sed lapidibus opprimetur aut confodietur jaculis, Ex. 19, 13. Mid flánum ofscotod and mid stánum oftorfod sagittis, saxis contriti, Ors. 4, 11; Swt. 206, 14. v. preceding word.
of-sendan to reach by sending, send for, summon :-- Ofsænd se cyng Godwine eorl the king sent for earl Godwin, Chr. 1048; Erl. 178, 7. Ðá sende se cyng æfter ðám scypon ðe hé ofsendan mihte the king sent after the ships that his summons could reach, 1049; Erl. 172, 39. [Heo him radden ðat he ofsende magan, Laym. 15748. Þis kyng ys knyʒtes let ofsende, R. Glouc. 122, 21.] v. of-faran.
of-seón to see, observe :-- Ðá ofseah hig Godes engel cum invenisset eam angelus Domini, Gen. 16, 7. Ðá ofseah hé ǽnne geongne man, Homl. Skt. i. 23, 545. Se hálga wer oferseah ealne middaneard, and ofseah lǽdan ánes biscopes sáwle tó heofenum, Homl. Th. ii. 184, 30. Se apostol ofseah hwǽr sum úþwita lǽdde twegen gebróðru, i. 60, 22. Ofsión, Met. 21, 38.
of-setenness, e; f. Siege :-- Ofsetenesse obsidione, Wrt. Voc. ii. 63, 13. v. of-sittan.
of-settan to beset, press hard, oppress :-- Hé hig ofsette and geswenct he oppressed and afflicted them; servierunt ei, Jud. 3, 8. Fearras fǽtt ofsetton ɫ ymbsǽton (obsederunt) mé, Ps. Lamb. 21, 13. Feónd úrne ofsete (comprime). Hymn. Surt. 11, 33. Mid untrumnesse oððe bysegum ofset, R. Ben. 58, 15: 59, 3. Mid weorces geswince ofsette, 63, 17: Homl. Th. ii. 120, 8. Se ðe on wræcsít gesihþ mid micelum gyltum heom ofsett getâ cnaþ if a man dreams of being in exile, it betokens that Tie will be weighed down with great crimes, Lchdm. iii. 212, 23. Swéte etan on manegum leahtrum biþ ofsett hit getácnaþ to dream of eating sweets betokens a man will be sunk in many faults, 202, 25. Ofsettum obsessis, Wülck. Gl. 251, 5. v. next word.
of-sittan. I. to sit upon, press down by sitting :-- Heó ofsæt ðone selegyst she (Grendel's mother) pressed down the hall-guest (Beowulf, who had fallen). Beo. Th. 3094; B. 1545. Nû sceal se ðe wile sittan æt Godes gereorde ðæt gærs ofsittan, ðæt is, ðæt hé sceal ða flǽsclícan lustas gewyldan, Homl. Th. i. 188, 26. II. to sit upon, oppress :-- Gif hé; (a king) his folc ofsit, ðon biþ hé tyrannus, Ælfc. Gr. 50, 20; Som. 51, 47 : Homl. Th. i. 242, 4. Swongornes hí ofsit, and hí mid slǽwþe ofer-cymþ, Bt. 36, 6; Fox 180, 33. Godes fýnd ðe ða earman ofsittaþ, Jud. Thw. 156, 5. Ðú wilt cweþan ðæt ungemetfæstnes hí ofsitte, Bt. 36, 6; Fox 182, 2. Ete ælþeódig folc ðíne tilinga and ðe mid bismore ofsittan sis calumnian sustinens, Deut. 28, 33. Ofseten mid ðǽm ðístrum ðisses andweardan lífes praesentis vitae tenebris pressus, Past. II, I; 65, 7. Ic eom mid earmlícre ofergiotolnesse ofseten, Shrn. 198, 21. Ðæt mód sǽde ðæt hit wǽre ofseten (cf. ofþrycced, Fox 24, 14) mid ðæs láðes sâre, Bt. 8, tit.; Fox x. 19. III. to sit upon, occupy, take possession of (with idea of force or wrong):-- Ðæt sió oferflôwnes ðæra geþohta ne meahte ofsittan ðæs sacerdes heortan quatenus sacerdotale cor nequaquam cogitationes fluxae possideant, Past. 13, l; Swt. 77, II. Eall ðæt seó sǽ his ofseten hæfþ quantum maria premunt, Bt. 18, I; Fox 62, 12. IV. to sit about, besiege :-- Fearas mê ofsǽton (obsederunt). Ps. Th. 21, 10, 14. V. to repress, check, present motion; cf. of-standan:-- Ðus ðû scealt ða yfelan ofsetenan wǽtan ût âdôn thus shalt thou remove the evil, repressed humours, Lchdm. ii. 24, 7. v. preceding word.
of-slean to kill or wound by a blow, to kill, slay :-- Ic ofsleah wildeór ego jugulo feras. Coll. Monast. Th. 21, 19. Ic on morgenne ofsleá mânes wyrhtan in matutino interficiebam omnes peccatores, Ps. Th. 100, 8. Gif man mannan ofslæhþ, L. Eth. 21; Th. i. 8, 3. Ofsleahþ, 6; Th. i. 4, 6. Ofslehþ, 7; Th. i. 4, 9. Gif hwâ his cild ofslihþ tó deáþe, L. M. I. P. 8; Th. ii. 268, I. Se gerêfa nyste hwæt hié wǽron, and hiene mon ofslôg, Chr. 787; Erl. 56, 15. Hê (the elephant) ofslôg micel ðæs folces, Ors. 4, I; Swt. 156, 12. Ofslôh, Cd. Th. 60, 18; Gen. 983. Ðû ofslôge (percussisti) ealle ða ðe mé wiðerwearde wǽron, Ps. Th. 3, 6. Hí willaþ mé ofsleán interficient me. Gen. 20, II. Eall his weorod ofslegen wæs, Bd. I, 34; S. 499, 33. Wurdon begen ofslægene ða aldormen. Chr. 800; Erl. 60, 8. Fela þúsenda ofslægenra, 871; Erl. 74, 24. [Goth. af-slahan to slay.]
of-slegenness, e; f. Killing, destruction :-- Sceáp ofslegennysse oves occisionis, Ps. Spl. 43, 25.
of-slítan to wound by the bite (of a snake, dog, etc. ) :-- Ða ðe ofslitene wǽron (the Israelites who were bitten by the serpents), Num. 21, 9.
of-smorian to choke, strangle, suffocate :-- Hiene ofsmorode his ealdormon dolo comitis sui strangulatus, Ors. 6, 36; Swt. 294, 9. Mid ðæm bræ-acute;þe ofsmorod (suffocatus), 6, 32; Swt. 288, 2.
of-sníðan to kill by cutting, to slaughter (an animal) :-- Ðæt lamb ðe se ealda Israhel ofsnáð, Homl. Th. ii. 264, 28 : Gen. 22, 13. Ðá námon hig ân biccen and ofsnidon hit, 37, 31. Swilce se sunu wǽre geoffrod and se ramm ofsniden, Homl. Th. ii. 62, 27.
of-sprǽc, o, e; f. An outspeaking, utterance :-- Gydde i ofsprǽce elogio, textu, locutione, Hpt. Gl. 460, 65.
of-spring, es; m. Offspring, progeny, posterity, descendants :-- Of-spring styrps, Ælfc. Gr. 9, 58; Som. 13, 36. Ofsprincg progenies, 12; Som. 15, 53. Eall heora ofspring ðe him of com, Ælfc. T. Grn. 3, II. Eall heora ofsprinc boren and unboren, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. iv. 263, 29. Gif his sunu and sunu-sunu swá micel landes habban, siððan biþ se ofsprinc (cf. hiora æftergengas, 24) gesíðcundes cynnes, L. Wg. II; Th. i. 188, II. Ic sette feóndrǽdene betweox ðínum ofspringe and hire ofspringe, Gen. 3, 15. Ðínum ofspringe (semini tuo) ic forgife ðis land, 12, 7 : 13, 15. Ic dó ðínne ofspring swá menigfealdne swá ðære eorþan dust, 13, 16. Hí gesworen habbaþ ge for hý sylfe ge for heora ofspryng (gingran, MS. B. ), L. A. G. tit.; Th. i. 152, 17. Ðis sý gedón for Síferþ and for his ofsprincg tó hyra sáwle þearfe, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. ii. 300, 15 [Icel. af-springr.]
of-spyrian to find out by inquiry or search :-- Se ðe hit ofspyraþ, hê âh ðæt meldfeoh, L. In. 17; Th. i. 114, 4. Cf. of-áxian.
of-standan to remain standing, keep (trans. or intrans.) in the same place or condition, stop in a place :-- Swá raðe swá ðæt scrîn in biþ geboren, swá ofstint (oft stint. Thw. ) se streám aquae in una mole consistent, Jos. 3, 13. Gif him ofstondeþ on innan ǽnigu ceald wǽte if any cold humour stops in them. Lchdm. ii. 194, 15. Sele him on hátum wætre gewlecedum ða wyrta drincan ðý læs ðæt pic ofstande mid ðý óðre duste give him the herbs to drink in hot water made lukewarm, lest the pitch be left sticking with the other dust, 252, 4. Ðæt ofstandene þicce horh the thick foulness that has refused to move, 194, 21. Wág ofstonden unde stormum a wall unmoved amid storms, Exon. Th. 476, 21; Ruin. II. Ofstondene beóþ sive ofstonden feoh integri restitutione. Wrt. Voc. ii. 49, 34-35. [Cf. O. Sax. is (of the temple) afstandan ni skal stén o UNCERTAIN ar óðrumu.]
of-steppan trample upon :-- Ofstæppaþ heora swuran swíðe mid fótum. Ðâ dydon ða ealdormen swá, swâ; him dihte Josue, and ðæra cynega swuran forcúðlíce trǽdon. Jos. 10, 24. v. of-tredan.
of-stician to wound or kill by a thrust, to stab, pierce, transfix :-- Ofsticoþ configet, Kent. Gl. 844. Ic ofstikode hyne jugulavi aprum, Coll. Monast. Th. 22, 17. Antonius hiene selfne ofsticade Antonius sese ferro transverberavit, Ors. 5, 13; Swt. 246, 30. Se kāsere âlýfde ðâm cnihtum ðæt hī hyne (St. Casianus) ofslógen mid heora writbredum, and hine ofsticodon mid hira writýrenum, Shrn. 117, 29. Ðá hēt hē ðone pápan (Alexander) ofstician, 79, 8. Ofstikian bâr jugulare aprum, Coll. Monast. Th. 22, 13. Hē swealt ofsticod fram him sylfum. Chr. 2; Erl. 5, 19. [Ger. ab-stechen.] v. of-stingan.
ófstig; adj. Hasty, swift :-- Ófstige percita, velocissima, Germ. 392, 73.
of-stingan to wound or kill by a thrust, to stab, pierce :-- His ealdgefāna sum hiene ofstang a Pausania occisus est, Ors. 3, 7; Swt. 118, 34. Hē hiene (the elephant) on ðone nafelan ofstang, 4, 1; Swt. 156, II. Hē (Pilate) hiene selfne ofstong sua se transverberans manu, 6, 3; Swt. 258, 10: Shrn. 33, 5. Hē wolde ofstingan Eádwine, ac hē ofstang Lillan his þegn. Chr. 626; Erl. 23, 29 : 755; Erl. 48, 23. Ne ofstong Æfner hiene n ILLEGIBLE mid ðý speres orde ac mid hindewerdum ðam sceafte Abner non eum recta, sed aversa hasta transforavit. Past. 40, 6; Swt. 297, 10. Sunu gif hē (an ox) ofstinge (gore), L. Alf. 21; Th. i. 50, 2. Hât Fabianus ðæt hī man begen ofstunge, Homl. Skt. i. 5, 405. Ðæt ic ðē ne dyrre ofstingan ne compellar confodere te in terram, Past. 40, 5; Swt. 295, 16. Hêr Ǽdmund cyning wearð ofstungen, Chr. 948; Erl. 117, 8. v. ofstician.
of-swelgan to swallow up, devour :-- Deáþ forsiehþ ða æþelo, and ðone rícan gelíce and ðone heánan ofswelgþ, Bt. 19; Fox 68, 33. Cf. forswelgan.
of-swingan to scourge to death :-- Sume hié ofslógon sume ofswungon sume wið feó gesealdon omnes bello utiles caesi, reliqui pretio venditi sunt, Ors. 4, I; Swt. 154, 8.
Oft; adv. Oft, often :-- Oft (saepe) hē fylþ on fýr, and gelómlíce (crebro) on wæter. Mt. Kmbl. 17, 15. Oft (oftust. Lind. Rush. ) sepe, Mk. Skt. 5, 4: interdum, Wrt. Voc. ii. 48, 38. Hū oft quotiens, Lk. Skt. 13, 34. Swá oft swá ða óðre hergas út fóron, ðonne fóron hié, Chr. 894; Erl. 90, 5. Hī beóþ ðæs ðe lator ðe hí oftor ymbþeahtiaþ, Past. 56; Swt. 435, 2. Hwílum hē wæs on horse sittende, ac oftor on his fótum gongende, Bd. 4, 27; S. 604, 12. Hē oftust on gebedum áwunode, 3, 12; S. 537, 22. Oftost, Met. 4, 28. [Goth. ufta : O. Sax. oft, ofto: O. Frs. ofta: Icel. oft, opt: O. H. Ger. oft, ofto.] v. for-oft.
of-talu, e ; f. The successful defence made against a claim :-- Seó sprǽc wearð ðam cynge cūð. Ðá ðá him seó talu cúð wæs, ðā sende hē gewrit tó ðam arcebisceope, and beád him ðæt hē and hys þegenas hý on riht gesémdon be ontale and be oftale the suit became known to the king. When the claim was known to him, he sent a writ to the archbishop, and commanded him that he and his thanes should settle it rightfully according as the claim was to be allowed or rejected, according as the verdict was for or against the claim (cf. Icel. bera kvið ā einn, af einum to give a verdict for, against a person), Chart. Th. 302, 14-22.
of-teon; pp. -togen and -tigen. I. to withdraw :-- He hine ofteáh ðære fôre subtraxit se illi profectioni,, Bd. 5, 9; S. 623, 23. II. to take away what a person has, deprive a person of anything (with dat. or acc. of person, gen. of thing, or dat. of person and acc. of thing) :-- Ic ofteó derogo. Wrt. Voc. i. 39, 27. Gif mon him oftíhþ ðara þēnunga and ðæs anwealdes detrahat si quis superbis vani tegmina cultus, Bt. 37, ILLEGIBLE; Fox 186, 10. Oft ic sýne ofteáh, âblende beorna unrím, Exon. Th. 270, 21; Jul. 468. Wē oftugon ðē londes wynna, 130, 15; Gū. 438. Būton seó syncopa ðone i (of the gen. pl.) ofteó, Ælfc. Gr. 10; Som. 14, 55. Nó Ælmihtig ealra wolde Adam and Eve ârna ofteón, Cd. Th. 58, 29; Gen. 953. Gif him gebyreþ ðæt him wyrþ ðara þēnunga oftohen (oftogen, Met. 25, 31), Bt. 37, I; Fox 186, 14. Ðē biþ seó bodung oftogen, Homl. Th. ii. 530, 30. Oftigen biþ him torhtre gesihþe he shall be deprived of clear sight, Exon. Th. 335, 29; Gn. Ex. 41. III. to withhold, keep back, deny a person anything :-- Ic ðē ofteó mînne fultum . . . Ic ofteó mîne rēnscūras I will withhold from thee my help . . . I will withhold my rain-showers, Homl. Th. ii. 102, 32-33. Gehelp ðû earmra manna mid ðam dǽle ðe ðú ðé sylfum oftíhst, i. 180, 12. For synnum oftíhþ se Ælmihtiga Wealdend hwílon mannum bigleofan, ii. 462, 21. Gif wê Godes lāre eów ofteóþ, 554, 18. Hond feorhsweng ne ofteáh the hand refused not to strike a fatal stroke, Beo. Th. 4972; B. 2489 : 3045; B. 1520. Gē him ǽghwæs oftugon hrægles nacedum móses meteleásum ye withheld from them everything, raiment from the naked, food from the hungry, Exon. Th. 92, 8; Cri. 1505. [And wó só mîne cwyde oftē God him oftē heuenr&i-long;ches and whoso refuses to carry out my testament, may God refuse him the kingdom of heaven, Chart. Th. 515, 30] Hé hét hire ofteón étes and wǽtes, Homl. Skt. i. 8, 129 : Blickl. Homl. 37, 28. Ðæt ðám gódum, ðe hit (doctrine) gehealdan willaþ, ne sý oftogen seó gāstlíce deópnyss, Homl. Th. ii. 96, 4: i. 370, 8. Swelce snytro swylce óðrum ieldran gewittum oftogen is negatas senibus dignitates, Bt. 8; Fox 24, 29. [Goth. af-tiuhan: O. H. Ger. aba-ziohan abstrahere.]
of-þænnan to moisten :-- Gegníd on wín, ofþæne wel, Lchdm. ii. 90, 7. Ofþæne mid ecede, 184, 15. Obðaenit madidum, Wrt. Voc. ii. 113, 72. Ofðæned madefactus, 80, 48. Ofþænda and gesodena on ecede, Lchdm. ii. 180, 15. Mid hlāfes cruman ofþendum mid cealdwætre, 82, 7.
of-þecgan to consume, destroy :-- Æþelinga bearn ecgum ofþegde consumed by the sword, Cd. Th. 120, 30; Gen. 2002.
of-þencan to remember :-- Gif ðú ofþeneehwæthwagu ðæs ðeðín niéhsta ðē wiðerweardes gedōn hæbbe si recordatus fueris, quia frater tuus habet aliquid adversum te, Fast. 46, 4; Swt. 349, 10.
of-þinen too moist (?) :-- Hig wǽron gemyndige ðæs tóweardan hungres ðý læs ða ofþinenan corn in brord gehwyrfden and hig forcurfon ða sǽd they (the ants) were mindful of future hunger, and lest the grains that were too moist should sprout, they bit them, Shrn. 41, 5. Cf. of-þænnan.
of-þístrian to darken, obscure :-- ða ðe ofþýstrode synd qui obscurati sunt, Ps. Spl. 73, 21.
of-þringan to throng, crowd, press upon :-- Ðeós menign ðe ofþrincþ ' the multitude throng thee and press thee' (A. V. ), Homl. Th. ii. 394, 15. Ðæt hí hine ne ofþrungon ' lest they should throng him' (A. V. ), Mk. Skt. 3, 9.
of-þriton, Jud. 4, 24. v. next word.
of-þryccan to press, oppress, repress, cumber, occupy forcibly :-- Ic of-þricce premo, Ælfc. Gr. 28, 4; Som. 31, 14. Hwíl ofþricþ hē ðæt land quid terram occupat ficulnea, Lk. Skt. 13, 7. Ofþrect comprimit, Kent. Gl. 654. Ofþrecþ expremit, 1120. Se draca mē þearle ofþryhþ, Homl. Th. i. 534, 25. Ymbhídignyssa ofþriccaþ ðæt mód, ii. 92, 15. Ofþrihte compressit, Hpt. Gl. 465, 21. Mīne sáwle feóndas mīne ofþryhtum (occupaverunt), Ps. Th. 58, 3. Ofþrihton, Blickl. Gl. Hig hine ofþriton (-þrihton?) opprimebant eum, Jud. 4, 24. Ofþriccetan mé grynu deáþes praeoccupaverunt me laquei mortis, Ps. Lamb. 17, 6. Feónd ūrne ofþrece (comprime), Hymn. Surt. II, 33. Ofþrice reprime, 13, 7. Ofþreccan comprimant, 17, 32. Wē ofþriccan praeoccupemus, Ps. Spl. M. 94, 4. Ofþriccende deprimentes, 88, 41. Mid unrôtnessum ofþrycced, Ps. Th. 38, arg. : Bt. 8; Fox 24, 14. Biþ ofþreced opprimitur, Kent. Gl. 974. Beón ofþryht deprimi, Rtl. 66, 25. Ofþrihte compressa, Hpt. Gl. 490, 13.
of-þ-ryccedness, e; f. Distress, trouble :-- Biþ mycel ofþriccednys (pressura) ofer eorþan, Lk. Skt. 21, 23: Homl. Th. i. 608, 24. Fram ofþriccednysse (a refuge) from trouble, Blickl. Gl.
of-þrycness, e; f. Oppression, repression :-- Swā þrycce se magister ða belde on ðæm oferblîðum ðæt ðǽr ne weaxe on him sió ofþrycnes ðæs eges ðe cymþ of ðæs yflan blódes flównesse sic in illo reprimatur repente oborta praecipitatio, ut non convalescat impressa ex conspersione formido, Past. 61, 1; Swt. 455, 22. Seó Súþ-Seaxna mǽgþ for ðære grimman feónda ofþrycnesse ágenne biscop habban ne mihte the people of Sussex on account of the cruel oppression of their foes could not have a bishop of their own, Bd. 4, 13 tit.; S. 581, 38.
of-þryscan to beat down, repress, suppress :-- Concutit i. turbat, terreat tóscæcþ, ofþrysceþ percutit. Wrt. Voc. ii. 136, 48. Ða ðe ofþryscaþ ða styringe ðæs flǽsclícan lustes qui compressis motibus carnis, Past. 52, 6; Swt. 409, I. Ða hié suíðe stīðlíce árásigeaþ and mid ealle ofþrysceaþ hos asperitate rigidos semper invectionis premunt, Past. 19, 2; Swt. 145, I. Ðæt hē on him selfum ofþrysce ða lustas his unþeáwa in semetipso suggestiones vitiorum reprimat, 14, 5; Swt. 85, 12. [Cf. O. H. Ger. druski excute, Grff. 5, 265.] v. ge-þryscan.
of-þrysman, -þrysmian to destroy by choking :-- Gewilnunga ðæt word ofþrysmaþ (-þrysmiaþ, MS. A. ) concupiscentiae verbum suffocant. Mk. Skt. 4, 19.
of-þyncan with dat. of pers. and (a) gen. of cause, (b) nom. of cause, (c) cause given by a clause. I. to cause regret or sorrow :-- Mē ofþincþ penetet, Ælfc. Gr. 33; Som. 37, 21. Mé ofþincþ ðæt ic hig worhte poenit ILLEGIBLE t me fecisse eos, Gen. 6, 7. Hit mē ofþincþ, Lk. Skt. 17, 4. Ofþinceþ ðé ILLEGIBLE ILLEGIBLE les ðe ðû tô yfele hæfst geworht? L. Ecg. C. proem.; Th. ii. 130, 43. Ðā ofþúhte Pharao ðæt hē ðæt folc swā freólīce forlét, Homl. Th. ii. 194, 15. II. to cause displeasure or offence: -- -Ðonne him hira scylda nā ne ofþyncþ si minus contra culpas accenditur, Past. 21, 5; Swt. 161, 2. Hine drehton nihtlīce gedwimer swā ðæt him ðæs slǽpes ofþúhte so that sleep was displeasing to him, Homl. Th. i. 86, 19. Ðá ofþúhte heora ceorlum ðæt mon ða þeówas freóde, Ors. 4, 3; Swt. 162, 15. Ðá ofþúhte ðæt ânum ðæs cyninges gefêran, Lchdm. iii. 424, 16. Ðá ðæs ofþúhte, ðæt se þeóden wæs strang, Cd. Th. 279, 32; Swt. 247. Ðá sceolde ðám gigantum ofþincan þæt hē hæfde hiera rīce it is said that the giants were displeased at his having their kingdom, Bt. 35, 4; Fox 162, II. Mæg ðæs ofþyncan þegna gehwam, Beo. Th. 4070; B. 2032. Hit wæs swíðe ofþyncende ðâm ôðrum consulum it gave great offence to the other consuls, Ors. 5, 9; Swt. 232, 21. Mid ðon ðe hē geweóx, him ðā ofþyncendum and ðǽm Perseum ðæt hié on his eámes anwalde wǽron. Ors. 1, 12; Swt. 52, 18. Him ða ofþyncendum ðæt his folc swá forslagen wæs, 2, 5; Swt. 80, 23.
of-þyrsted, -þyrst; part. Possessed with exceeding thirst, very thirsty, athirst :-- Hé wearþ swíðe ofþyrst sitiens valde, Jud. 15, 18. Eádige beóþ ða ðe sind ofbingrode and ofþyrste æfter rihtwísnysse. Homl. Th. i. 550, 34. Níþes ofþyrsted thirsting for strife, Cd. Th. 3, 7; Gen. 32. Olþyrsted gástes drynces, Soul Kmbl. 80; Seel. 40. [Cf. Goth. af-þaursiþs thirsty.]
of-torfian to stone, to kill by casting stones or similar missiles :-- Hî ûs oftorfiaþ mid stānum lapidibus nos obruent, Ex. 8, 26. Hī hine oftorfodon mid bánum and mid hrýðera heáfdum. Chr. 1012; Erl. 146, 18. Hig wyllaþ mē oftorfian populus lapidabit me, Ex. 17, 4. Mid stánum oftorfian lapidibus opprimere, Num. 14, 10: lapidare, Jn. Skt. 8, 5 : Homl. Th. i. 48, 2 : 196, 12. Fela mid stánum oftorfod saxis contriti, Ors. 4, ii; Swt. 206, 15. Hēr wæs s UNCERTAIN s Stephanus oftorfod, Chr. 34; Erl. 6, 15: Ælfc. T. Grn. 9, 31. v. of-tyrfan.
oft-rǽde adj. I. frequent :-- Hæglas and snáwas and se oftrǽda rén leccaþ ða eorþan on wintra, Bt. 39, 13; Fox 234, 16. II. ready at many times :-- Gafolswán sceal beón swá ic ǽr be beócere cwæþ (cf. 1. 3, beóceorl sceal hwíltidum geara beón on manegum weorcum tó hláfordes willan) oftrǽde tó gehwilcon weorce the swain must be, as I said before of the beekeeper, generally ready for any work, L. R. S. 6; Th. i. 436, 18. Bydele gebyraþ ðæt hé sý weorces frigra ðonne óðer man forðan hé sceal beón oftrǽde he must be always ready, 18; Th. i. 440,7.
oftrǽd-líc; adj. Frequent :-- Ðis syndon ða wǽpena ðe deófol mid oferswíðed biþ, ofthrǽdlíce rǽdinga háligra bóca and gelómlíce gebedu, L. E. I. 2; Th. ii. 404, 2. Hié Alexander uneáðe oferwonn ǽgðer ge for ðære sumorhǽte ge eac for ðǽm oftrǽdlícan gefeohtum, Ors. 3, 9; Swt. 132, 32. Oftrǽdlíca gefeoht crebra bella, 6, 30; Swt. 282, 31.
oftrǽdlíce; adv. Frequently, often, habitually :-- Oftrǽdlíce crebro, fre-quenter, Wrt. Voc. ii. 136, 81. Se Hǽlend oftrǽdlíce (frequenter) com ðyder, Jn. Skt. 18, 2. Gif man hine oftrǽdlíce (ex consuetudine) ofer drince, L. Ecg. P. iv. 33; Th. ii. 214, 12. Ǽghwæðer óðerne oftrǽdlíce ūt drǽfde, Chr. 887; Erl. 86, 12. Hé oftrǽdlíce fōr mid miclum gefeohtum on Sciððie, Ors. l, 2; Swt. 30, 2 : 4, 12; Swt. 208, 33.
of-tredan to tread down, trample upon, injure or destroy by treading: -- -Ða ýða árison ac Drihten hí oftræd . . . Ðeáh ðe árleáse woruldmenn áríson ongeán ús swá ðeáh Crist oftret heora heáfod, Homl. Th. ii. 388, 18-22. lii hit oftræd and hié tó loman gerénode duos et .l. calcatos inutiles fecit, Nar. 15, 25. Ða hors hí (Jezabel) oftrǽdan huxlíce under fótum, Homl. Skt. i. 18, 347. Oftredan ðæt gærs and ofsittan, Homl. Th. i. 188, 25. Swá hwæt swá ðæs gódan sǽdes on swylcum wege befylþ, biþ mid yfelum geþohtum oftreden, ii. 90, 19. Ðǽr wǽron xxx M of-slagen and æt ðæm geate oftreden triginta millia caede prostrata et compressione suffocata, Ors. 6, 4; Swt. 260, 18. [Orm. off-tredenn (gluterrnesse).]
oft-síþ, es; m. A time that often occurs :-- Hwæt he hæfde Godes þeówum on oftsíþas tó láðe gedón what he had ofttimes done to hurt God's servants, Ors. 6, 34; Swt. 290, 29. [A. R. ofte-siðen: Chauc. ofte-siþes: Ayenb. ofte-ziþes: Icel. opt-sinnis, -sinnum ofttimes.]
of-tyge, es; m. A holding back, withholding (v. of-teón, III) :-- Ungelimp mid synnum geearnod, swíðost mid ðam oftige ðæs neádgafoles ðe Cristene men Gode gelǽstan sceoldon on heora teóþingsceattum misfortune merited through sins, especially through the keeping back of the tax that Christian men ought to pay to God in their tithes, L. Edg. S. I; Th. i. 270, 13. Mid ǽnigum oftige Godes gerihta, 270, 30.
of-tyrfan to stone; -- Hiene oftyrfdon his ágene geféran ab exercitu suo lapidibus coopertus interiit, Ors. 4, 6; Swt. 172, 28. v. of-torfian.
of-unnan. I. in a bad sense, to begrudge a person (dat. ) anything (gen. ), wish to deprive a person of anything :-- Se biþ ðæm ísene gelíc se ðe ofan his níhstan his lífes ferro utitur, qui vitae proximi insidiatur, Past- 37. 3: Swt- 269, 7. Se ðe (the devil) him (hermits) lífes ofonn, Exon. Th. 107, 10; Gú. 56: 265, 7; Jul. 377. II. to refuse to grant: -- Ðám ðe gé forgifenysse ofunnon him biþ oftogen seó forgyfenys to whom ye refuse forgiveness, from them shall forgiveness be withheld, Homl. Th. i. 370, 8. [O. Sax. af-unnan: cf. O. H. Ger. ab-unst invidia, livor : Ger. ab-gunst: Icel. af-und (öfund).]
of-weorpan to kill by casting (a stone, etc. ), to knock down and kill by a missile :-- David nam fíf stánas and ðeáhhweðere mid ánum hé ðone gigant ofwearp. Blickl. Homl. 31, 18. David mid his liðeran ofwearp ðone geleáfleásan ent, Ælfc. T. Grn. 7, 18 : Homl. Skt. i. 18, 18, 23. He wearð mid áne stáne ofworpen saxo ictus occubuit, Ors. 4, l; Swt. 158, 32. Gif oxa wer ofslóge, síe hé mid stánum ofworpen, L. Alf. 21; Th. i. 48, 32 note: 50, 5 note. [Goth. af-wairpan stainam lapidare: Ger. abwerfen.]
of-worpian to kill by casting (stones, etc. ) :-- Mid stánum ofworpod, L. Alf. 21; Th. i. 48, 28, 32 : 50, 5. v. preceding word.
of-wundrian to be astonished :-- Ðætte ofwundradun alle ut ammirarentur omnes, Mt. Skt. Rush. 2, 12. v. next word. of-wundrod astonished:-- Sarra cwæþ ðá ofwundrod, Gen. 21, 6. Ic eom swíðe ungemetlíce ofwundrod hwí eów þince . . . vehementer admiror, Bt. 13; Fox 40, 5. Seó cwén wæs tó ðan swíðe ofwundrod, ðæt heó næfde furþor nǽnne gást, Homl. Th. ii. 584, 18. Maria and Ioseph wǽron ofwundrode ðæra worda, i. 144, 15. [Wurþen men swíðe ofwundred and ofdréd, Chr. 1135; Erl. 261, I.]
óga, an; m. I. the feeling which is excited in a person, terror, dread, horror, great fear:-- Óga horror, Ælfc. Gr. 9, 21; Som. 10, 26: metus, 11; Som. 15, 12 : pavor, Hymn. Surt. 3, 23. Micel óga (horror) him becom, Gen. 15, 12. Bútan ógan (absque terrore) hé hine gerest, Ælfc. Gr. 47; Som. 48, 4. Ða clypode hé mid micclum ógan, Homl. Th. ii. 98, 3. II. the exciting cause of such a feeling :-- Beó eówer ege and óga ofer ealle nítenu terror vester ac tremor sit super cuncta animalia, Gen. 9, 2. On lígette is óga, Homl. Th. i. 222, 32. For hellewítes ógan (on account of the terror which hell-torment causes), oððe for Sæs écan lífes wuldre, R. Ben. 19, 17. III. an object which excites fear, a terrible, horrible thing :-- Hé hét Ðeódolum standan æt ðam múþe (of the fiery furnace) ðæt hé for ðam ógan (on account of the terrible spectacle) him ábúgan sceolde. Homl. Th. ii. 310, 33. Ógan (egsan, Lk. Skt. 21, 11) of heofenum and micele tácna terrores de caelo et signa magna, 538, 32. Ógana terribilium, Blickl. Gl. God him sende swíðlíce ógan (the ten plagues), Ælfc. T. Grn. 5, 18. [Cf. Goth. ógan to fear; ógian to terrify; Icel. ógn dread, terror; œgja to frighten; ægi-ligr terrible.] Cf. Ege ó-gengel a bar, bolt; obex. Wrt. Voc. ii. 63, 28 : 115, 32. [Ó = on? v. next word.]
ó-heald, -hilde; adj. Sloping, inclined: -- Óhældi (ðhaelði, Ep. Gl. 21 d, 16) pendulus. Wrt. Voc. ii. 117, 19. Óhylde, 68, 10. Clifig ɫ óhyld (not tóhyld) clivosus, i. 19, 4. Óheal[d?] clivosa, tortuosa. Germ. 392, 53. Hóhyldo prona, 400, 118. [O. H. Ger. uo-hald, -haldi proclivus. For the prefix ó-, cf. on-, á-hildan.]
óhsta, an; m. The arm-pit, oxter (in northern dialects, e. g. Yorkshire, Cumberland, Scotland) :-- Óhsta ascella, Wrt. Voc. ii. 10, 5. Ócusta, Ep. Gl. 2 b, 19. Óxtan ascilla, Wrt. Voc. - i. 283, 9. Cf. óxn.
óht, e; f. Fear, terror (? cf. óga and Icel. ðtti fear), or hostile pursuit, persecution, active enmity (? cf. éhtan and O. H. Ger. áhta persecutio, áhtunga persecutio) :-- Wǽron ðá gesóme ða ðe swegl búan wróht wæs ásprungen óht mid englum and orlegníð then were at peace the dwellers in heaven, discord was at an end among angels, and enmity (or fear) and war, Cd. Th. 6, 5; Gen. 84. Ðǽr on fyrd hyra fǽrspell becwom, 6ht inlende (the pursuit by the Egyptians, or the terror which their coming caused); egsan stódan wælgryre weroda, 186, 9; Exod. 136.
oht-ríp (?) harvest; messis, Mt. Kmbl. Lind. 9, 38: Lk. Skt. Lind. 10. 2.
ó-hwǽr, -hwanon, -hylde. v. á-hwǽr, -hwanon, ó-heald.
ó-leccan, -liccan, -læcan; p. -lecte, -lehte, -læhte. I. to treat gently, to soothe, caress :-- Ic ólæce blandior, Ælfc. Gr. 31; Som. 35, 51. Ólecceþ favet, Wrt. Voc. ii. 147, 19. Ólehte delinuit, l. 138, 50. Hé him ólecte ðá hé cuæþ cut blandiens dicit. Past. 26, I; Swt. 181, 10. God hwílon geólæhþ, and hwílon beswingþ. Nǽre nán tihting, gif hé ús ne ólæhte, Homl. Th. ii. 330, 3. Ólecce demulceat, blanditur, Wrt. Voc. ii. 138, 68. Óleccende blandiens, 127, 8. Óleccendra palpantum, 116, 51. II. to be obsequious, pay court to, fawn upon, flatter, to try to gain a person's good will by unworthy means :-- Óleccaþ adolatur. Wrt. Voc. ii. 127. 7. þeófum ðú ne ólæce, ne yfeldǽdum ne geþwǽrlǽce, Homl. Skt. i. 21, 361. Hé nolde ólæcan ænigum rícan mid geswǽsum wordum, Homl. Th. ii. 514, 13. Gif ðú wille ðæt ðé monige ólæcan ðonne ólæce ðú ánum swíðe georne if you wish many to pay court to you, do you seduɫously pay court to one, Prov. Kmbl. 79 : 80. Mé riht ne þinceþ ðæt ic óleccan þurfe Gode æfter góde ǽnegum, Cd. Th. 19, 12; Gen. 290. III. to gain good will by worthy means, to propitiate, be submissive :-- Ðæm (God) óleccaþ ealle gesceafte ðe ðæs ambehtes áwuht cunnon (cf. ðam þeówiaþ ealle . . . ða ðe cunnon, Bt. 21; Fox 72, 30), Met. II. 8. Ólæce Gode ánum try to please God only, Prov. Kmbl. 80. Hé wolde onginnan him oleccan mid his hearepan he (Orpheus) would attempt to propitiate them (the gods of Hell) with his harp, Bt. 35, 6; Fox 168, 14 : Cd. Th. 118, 3; Gen. 1959. Uton wé Gode óliccan, Exon. Th. 366, 15; Reb. 12. IV. of things to gratify, charm, give pleasure :-- Ealle ða óðru gód óleccaþ ðam móde and hit ret se lust ána ólecþ ðam líchoman ánum swíðost cetera omnia jucunditatem animo videantur afferre, Bt. 24, 3; Fox 84, 23-25. Swilce hý wǽron rihte ðá hí ðé mǽst geóleccan swilce hí nú sindon ðeáh ðe hý ðé óleccan on ða leásan sǽlþa talis erat, cum blandiebatur, cum tibi falsae illecebris felicitatis alluderet, 7, 2; Fox 18, 2.
óleccere, es; m. A flatterer :-- Leás ólecere parasitus, Wrt. Voc. i. 74, 36. Hé geliéfþ ðæt hé suelc síe suelce hé gehiérþ ðæt his ólicceras secgaþ dæt hé síe, Past. 17, 3; Swt. . III. ll.
óleccung;, e; f. I. soothing, caressing, gentleness of treatment :-- Ólæcung delinimentum, Wrt. Voc. i. 54, 69. Olaecunge blandimentorum, Hpt. Gl. 485, 48. Hú gesceádwís se reecere sceal bión on his þreaunga and on his óleccunga quae esse debet rectoris discretio correptionis et dissimulationis, Past. 21, tit.; Swt. 151, 6. Ðá áhsode heó hine georne mid hire ólæcunge, on hwam his miht wǽre, Jud. 16, 6. Olæcunga blanditiae, Ælfc. Gr. 13; Som. 16, 17. II. flattery, fawning, adulation :-- Olæcung adulatio, Hpt. Gl. 527, 40. Wyrð ðæt mód besuicen mid ðæra ólicunga (óliccunga, Cott. MSS.) ðe him underþiédde beóþ, Past. 17, 3; Swt. 111, 7. Ne wilna nanes monnes ólæcunga, Prov. Kmbl. 80. Hé nǽfre nǽnigum woruldrícum men þurh leáse ólecunga onbúgan nolde, Blickl. Homl. 223, 28. Ðonne hit hæfþ gewunnen ðæs folces ólecunga (favor popularis), Bt. 24, 3; Fox 82, 23. III. of things, charm, allurement :-- Óliccung jocunda, Wrt. Voc. ii. 127, 2. Ne. hine ne geloccige nán óliccung (ólicung, Cote. MSS. ) tó hiere willan non blanda usque ad voluptatem demulceant, Past. 14, 3; Swt. 83, 18. Forsió hé ǽlce ólicunge (óliccunge, Cott. MSS.) ðisses middangeardes blandimenta mundi despiciat, 14, 2; Swt. 83, 6. Hit gewarenaþ ǽgðer ge wið heora þreáunga ge wið ólecunga nec formidandasfortunae minas, nec exoptandas facit esse blanditias, Bt. 7, 2; Fox 18, 24. v. leás-ólecung,
óleht-word, es; n. A flattering speech :-- Hwǽr syndon ða ðe hié heredan, and him ólyhtword sprécan ?, Blickl. Homl. 99, 26.
ól-fæt ( = ál-fæt. v. Wrt. Voc. ii. 135, 39), es; n. A cooking vessel; coculum, Wrt. Voc. i. 24, 41.
olfend, es : olfenda, an; m. A camel :-- Olfend camelus vel dromeda, Wrt. Voc. i. 22, 58 : camelus, 78, 8. Áfýred olbenda dromidus, ii. 106, 66. Ófýrit olfenda, 25, 68. Under ánes oltendes (cameli) seáme, Gen. 31, 34. Gescrýd mid oluendes hǽrum, Mk. Skt. 1, 6. Gé drincaþ ðone olfend (olbendu, Rush.), Mt. Kmbl. 23, 24. Of olfenda hǽrum áwunden, Blickl. Homl. 169, 2. Hé nam týn olfendas (camelos), Gen. 24, 10. [Orm. olfent a camel: Goth. ulbandus; m. : O. Sax. olbundeo; m. : O. H. Ger. olpenta; f. : Icel. úlfaldi; m.]
olfend-mere, an; f. A she-camel :-- prítig gefolra olfendmyrena mid heora coltum camelos foetas cum pullis suis triginta, Gen. 32, 15.
oll contempt, insult, contumely (in the phrase mid olle) :-- Se deófol cwæþ mid olle ðæt hé wolde æt ðam weorce gecuman. Homl. Th. i. 166, 15. Hé áxode ðá mid olle (contemptuously) : Eart ðu lá God ? Homl. Skt. i. 9, 72. Man tǽleþ and mid olle gegréteþ (insults) ealles to gelóme ða ðe riht lufiaþ, Wulfst. 164, 19.
ól-pwang (better P ál-, cf. ól-fæt), es; m. A strap :-- Ólþwongas corrigie, Wrt. Voc. ii. 22, 47. [Icel. ál (mod. ól) a strap. "]
óm rust; :-- Oom rubigo, Wrt. Voc. ii. 119, 34. Óm erugo, vitium ferri, 144, 3: Ælfc. Gr. 9, 3; Som. 8, 58. Ðǽr óm (aerugo) hit for-nimþ, Mt. Kmbl. 6, 19, 20. Ómm, Homl. Th. ii. 104, 29. Yldo ábíteþ íren mid óme, Salm. Kmbl. 601; Sal. 300. v. brand-(brond-)óm.
óman; pl. f. Erysipelas, erysipelatous inflammations :-- Óman ignisacrum, Wrt. Voc. ii. 45, 34: 110, 52. Lǽcedómas wið ǽlces cynnes ómum, Lchdm. ii. 98, 21. In the section of which this is the heading the word frequently occurs. Of hómena stiéme cymþ eágna mist, 26, 26. Wið hómum, nim gate horn . . . dó on ða hóman, i. 350, 17-20. Wið hómum (Óman, MS. O. ), báres scearn . . . ða hóman hyt béteþ, 360, 10-11. [Icel. áma; f. and ámu-sótt erysipelas. v. next word.
óm-cynn, es; n. Corrupt humour :-- Ðú meaht clǽnsian ðæt ómcyn, Lchdm. ii. 82, 18. v. ómig.
omer a bird's name, hammer (in yellow- hammer) :-- Omer (emer, Ep. Gl. 23 e, 31) scorelus, Wrt. Voc. ii. 120, 6. Amore scorellus, i. 281, 18. In Cd. Dip. Kmbl. iii. 118 omerlond occurs, [O. H. Ger. amero : Ger. ammer.] v. clod-hamer.
ómig; adj. I. rusty (v. óm), rust-coloured :-- Ðǽr wæs helm monig eald and ómig, Beo. Th. 5519; B. 2763. Dýre swyrd ómige bmhetene, 6090; B. 3049. Ðý læs ðæt ómige fæt mid ealle tóberste, gif hé mid ungemete scæfþ, R. Ben. 121, 3. Anfiltes hómiges incudis, Hpt. Gl. 417, 64. Ómigum vel ísengrǽgum ferrungineo, Wrt. Voc. ii. 147, 66. II. inflammatory (óman) :-- Wyrð gegaderodu ómig wǽte on ðære wambe. Lchdm. ii. 218, 16. On ðam magan ómigre wǽtan gefylled, 178, 9. v. next word.
ómiht; adj. Full of inflammation :-- þis sint tácn ðæs hátan magan omihtan . . . Ðæs hátan magan tácn sindon ðonne hé biþ mid ómum geswenced, Lchdm. ii. 192, 24. Ða ómihtan. þing the inflammatory symptoms, 82, 21.
on, an; prep. adv. A. with dat. or inst. I. expressing local relations, (I) rest upon and contact with an object, on :-- Hig stódon on nyðewerdum ðam munte. Ex. 19, 17. Hé on dómsetle sittende wæs, Bd. 5, 19; S. 639, 43. Him on bearme læg mádma mænigo, Beo. Th. So; B. 40. On him byrne scan, 815; B. 405. Se on foldan læg, Byrht. Th. 138, 29; By. 227. Hé on meare rád, 138, 53; By. 239. And metaphorically :-- On eów scyld siteþ, Exon. Th. 131, 2; Gú. 449. (2) dependence upon an object :-- Hié hine on róde áhéngon, Blickl. Homl. 7, 11. Ðæs on ðam beáme geweóx, Cd. Th. 31, 11; Gen. 483: Exon. Th. 202, 27; Ph. 76. (3) extension over a surface :-- Deófles ríce on ðyssum middangearde, Blickl. Homl. 7, 13. Ðæt mycel hǽto wǽre Cristes geleáfan on Norþanhymbra þeóde, Bd. 2, 14; S. 518, 5: Exon. Th. 201, 2; Ph. 50. (4) nearness:--Hí námon him wintersetl on Temesan, Chr. 1009; Erl. 143, 4. (5) in or at a place, or with a person, cf. æt:--Ða ðe wǽron on ðam mynstre Æbbercurnig, ðæt is geseted on Englalande, Bd. 4, 26; S. 602, 35. Hé on sinoþe sittende wæs, 5, 19; Bd. 639, 43. Gewundad on gefeohte, 4, 26; S. 603, 14. Hí ðone líchoman on cneówum bégde, 4, 11; S. 580, 10. On ðam dóme standeþ, Exon. Th. 95, 22; Cri. 1561. On beóre at a feast, 330, 14; Vy. 51. Hé ánne cnapan gesette on hyra middele, Mk. Skt. 9, 36: Lk. Skt. 21, 21. Ða clǽnan heortan God geseóþ. On ðære gesihþe wesaþ ealle geleáffulle, Blickl. Homl. 13, 27. Ða sǽton on portum qui sedebant in porta, Ps. Th. 68, 12. Ic mundbyrd on ðé hæfde, 70, 5. Is mildheortnisse miht on (apud) Drihtne, 129, 7. ¶ Like Icelandic á it occurs in names of places :-- On his mynstre ðe is cweden on Hripum, Bd. 5, 18; S. 636, 45. (6) with verbs of motion:--Se ðe on heofenum cuman ne mót, Homl. Th. ii. 452, 4. (7) rest where one object is contained in another, or is surrounded by others, within, among; and metaphorically in (the power of, etc.):--Drihten wæs uppan him on fýre, Ex. 19, 18. Drihten is on ðínre heortan, and on ðínum innoþe, Blickl. Homl. 5, 11. Sum mon scínende on hwítum gegyrelan, Bd. 5, 19; S. 640, 39. Twegen weras on hwítum reáfe, Lk. Skt. 24, 4. Ic wát ðæt ic (ðæt Mód) on libbendum men eom, and ðeáh on deádlícum, Bt. 5, 3; Fox 12, 27. Gif hit on heora anwealde wǽre, 11, 1; Fox 32, 2. Ic hí on lufan mínre hæfde quae dilexi, Ps. Th. 118, 47. On þeóstre, Exon. 94, 27; Cri. 1546. On Juda ealdrum among the princes of Judah, Mt. Kmbl. 2, 6. Ðú eart gebletsud on wífum, Lk. Skt. 1, 28. (8) marking the seat of feeling, thought, etc., in, within, at :-- Ðá ongan hé smeágan on him selfum, Bt. 1, 1; Fox 2, 18. Ða fóre ðe hé on his móde gelufad hæfde, Bd. 5, 19; S. 637, 27. Yr on móde, Cd. Th. 4, 33; Gen. 63. Murnan on móde, 45, 31; Gen. 735. Se unrihtwísa cwyþ on his móde, Ps. Th. 13, 1: 54, 6. II. expressing temporal relations, (1) marking a point of time, on, at, in :-- On ðære tíde Drihten cwæþ tó mé, Deut. 10, 1. Ðonne cymþ ðæs weles hláford on ðam dæge ðe hé ná ne wénþ, and on ðære tíde ðe hé nát, Mt. Kmbl. 24, 50. Swá byþ on worulde endunge, 13, 40. On anginne in principio, Gen. 1, 1. On mergen, St. And. 18, 28. On ǽfenne, 20, 14. (2) marking a period, past or future, within, in the course of, in, during :-- Ðes tówyrpþ Godes templ, and on þrím dagum (in triduo) hyt eft getimbraþ, Mt. Kmbl. 27, 40: Cd. Th. 266, 1; Sat. 15: Lchdm. iii. 262, 23. Gé sweltaþ on litelre hwíle, Deut. 30, 18. Hé nówiht elles dyde on eallum ðám dagum, Bd. 2, 14; S. 518, 8. On ðæs biscopes tíde, 4, 12; S. 580, 34. On ðissum geáre, Chr. 889; Erl. 86, 22. On ðý ylcan gére, 896; Erl. 93, 34. On geóguþe, Exon. Th. 288, 22; Wand. 35. On ðissum lífe, 448, 12; Dóm. 53. On ðís andweardan lífe, Bt. 10; Fox 28, 25: 11; Fox 30, 23. On sumera sunne scíneþ, Cd. Th. 233, 15; Dan. 276. On geárdagum, 287, 16; Sat. 368. On fyrndagum, Exon. Th. 313, 17; Mód. 1. Ðæt feoh ðe mon ðám ferdmonnum on geáre sellan sceolde, Bt. 27, 4; Fox 100, 14. Þriwa on gére tribus vicibus per singulos annos, Ex. 23, 14. Ic fæste tuwa on wucan, Lk. Skt. 18, 12. Ðæt hridder tóbærst on ðære lǽne the sieve broke during the loan, Homl. Th. ii. 154, 16. Heó cwæþ ðæt heó wǽre wydewe on ðam geáre she said that she had been a widow during the last year, Homl. Skt. i. 2, 154. On ðam ðe Godwine eorl and Beorn eorl lágon on Pevenseá, Chr. 1050; Erl. 175, 14. III. expressing other relations, (1) on, a- (as in a-foot):--Heó on hire fótum gesund hám hwearf, Bd. 3. 9; S. 534, 14. Sceal on ánum fét féran, Exon. Th. 415, 5; Rä. 33, 6. Ðú gǽst on ðínum breóste, Gen. 3, 14. (2) with verbs of taking, depriving, etc., from (cf. æt):--Ðone mǽstan dǽl ðæra ǽhta ða ðe on ðé genumene wǽron, Bd. 5, 19; S. 640, 46 note: Bt. 7, 3; Fox 20, 29. Se ðe gold on óðrum reáfaþ, 13; Fox 38, 13. Ðæt (what) hé on him gereáfade (bereáfode, MS. C.), Ors. 3, 11; Swt. 146, 30. Ða ǽrestan cyningas ðe West-Seaxna lond on Wealum geeodon, Chr. Erl. 2, 10: Exon. Th. 118, 20; Gú. 242. Náðer ne mehte on óðrum sige gerǽcan, Ors. 3, 1; Swt. 96, 33. Hwæðer heora sceolde on óðrum sige habban, 4, 1; Swt. 156, 1. (3) marking the object of thought, feeling, etc., on, in, at :-- Manege wundrodon on his láre (or acc.?), Mk. Skt. 6, 2. Ic on ðínum bebodum móte gemetegian, Ps. Th. 118, 47. (4) marking the means or instrument, by, with :-- Ic hæfde gemynt ðé tó árwurðienne on ǽhtum and on feó, Num. 24, 11. On tympanis, Ps. Th. 67, 24. Ic on mínum múþe mihta Drihtnes andette, 108, 29. Hé nówiht fremian mihte on his láre ðære þeóde, Bd. 3, 5; S. 527, 24. Heó geleornod hæfde on onwrihgennysse, 3, 8; S. 531, 35. On ðæs engles wordum wæs gehýred ðæt þurh hire beorþor sceolde beón gehǽled eall wífa cynn, Blickl. Homl. 5, 22. On ðæm upstige ðære róde eall úre líf Drihten getremede, 9, 35. Hí wurdon on fleáme generede, Chr. 894; Erl. 92, 33. Se deófol wæs oferswíðde on ðám ylcum gemetum ðe hé ǽr Adam oferswíðde, Homl. Th. i. 178, 1. (5) marking the material or components of which a thing is made, of, consisting of or in :-- Mycelne aad on beámum and on ræftrum and on wágum and on watelum and on þacum, Bd. 3, 16; S. 542, 22. Lác on mæssereáfum and on bócum, Homl. Th. ii. 132, 7: Gen. 21, 27. Ðæt gafol biþ on deóra fellum, and on fugela feðerum, Ors. 1, 1; Swt. 18, 17. Unrím getæl on horsum and on múlum and on olfendum and on elpendum. Nar. 9, 14. Swá micel ungewiss, ǽgðer ge on sǽs fyrhto, ge on wéstennum wildeóra, ge on þeóda gereordum, Ors. 3, 9; Swt. 136, 24. (6) marking that in which a quality or property resides, in respect to, in the matter of, in :-- Se wæs in bóccræftum and on woruldþeáwum se rihtwísesta, Bt. 1, 1; Fox 2, 13. Hé áxode gif hé cúðe áht on lǽcecræfte. Apollinaris him cwæþ tó: 'Ne cann ic náht on lácnunge,' Homl. Skt. i. 22, 40-41. Æþele on gebyrdum, 11, 1; Fox 30, 31. On dǽde unæþele, Bd. 2, 15; S. 518, 37. On ríce gestrangod, 4, 26; S. 603, 19. On wísdóme þeónde, Homl. Th. ii. 154, 11. Foremihtig on féþe, Beo. Th. 1944; B. 970. Spédig on ðám ǽhtum ðe heora spéda on beóþ, Ors. 1, 1; Swt. 18, 8. Wæstmberende on ǽlces cynnes blǽdum, 1, 3; Swt. 32, 13. Beorht on blǽdum, Cd. Th. 247, 20; Dan. 500. (7) marking state, condition, occupation, in, of :-- Heora líc biþ on marmorstánes hwítnysse, Nar. 38, 9. Ðú forþfærst on sybbe, ðonne se tíma cymþ, on gódre ylde, Gen. 15, 15: Bd. 2, 15; S. 519, 14: 5, 19; S. 641, 14. Ða welegan hé forlǽteþ on ídelnesse . . . Drihten is on ðínum fultume, Blickl. Homl. 5, 9-12. Þurhwunian on rihtum geleáfan and on fulfremedlícum weorcum, 77, 19. On sorhgum beón, 5, 29. On stilnesse, Bt. 7, 2; Fox 18, 11. Gif hé wyrþ on ungeþylde, 11, 1; Fox 32, 33. Ðá wæs cyning on hreón móde, Beo. Th. 2619; B. 1307. On ungearwe at unawares, Ors. 1, 10; Swt. 46, 34. Eal ðæt folc wæs on blǽdran, 1, 7; Swt. 38, 6. Job sæt on ánre wunde, Homl. Th. ii. 452, 27. Ðá wearþ hé on slǽpe, Glostr. Frag. 6, 26. Hí wǽron on ðan mǽstan hungre, Ors. 1, 5; Swt. 32, 26. Hé wénde ðæt hié wolden Hannibale on fultume beón, 4, 10; Swt. 196, 7. On feáwum stówum wíciaþ Finnas, on huntoþe on wintra, and on sumera on físcaþe, 1, 1; Swt. 17, 5. Sum man wæs betogen ðæt hé wǽre on stale, Homl. Skt. i. 21, 265. (8) marking measure, at (a distance), of (the weight of), etc.:--Weðeras on oxna micelnesse, Nar. 33, 16: Lchdm. i. 314, 21. Six wæterfatu . . . ǽlc wæs on twegra sestra gemete (capientes singuli metretas binas), Jn. Skt. 2, 6. Ic geseah sumne gildenne dalc on fíftigum entsum, Jos. 7, 21. Án æstel on fíftegum mancessa, Past. pref.; Swt. 9, 1. Hí ðæt feoh gesetton on þrittig scillingum they fixed the money at thirty shillings, Homl. Th. ii. 242, 18. Se gewát on wésten ðá hé wæs on twentigum geára, and on ðæm hé wunode óþ ðæt hé wæs on fíf and hundteóntig geára, Shrn. 52, 16-18. Hig flugon on twegra elna heáhnisse bufan eorþan, Num. 11, 31. Wæs seó stów hwæthwugu on healfre míle fram ðære ceastre wealle, Bd. 1, 7; S. 478, 31. Is ðæt eálond fram ðære ylcan cyricean feor út on gársecge seted húhugu on nygan mílum, 4, 27; S. 603, 30: 2, 3; S. 504, 26: Shrn. 29, 31. Álecgaþ hit on ánre míle ðone mǽstan dǽl fram ðæm túne, ðonne óðerne, ðonne ðæne þriddan, óþ ðe hyt eall áléd biþ on ðære ánre míle (within the one mile); and sceall beón se lǽsta dǽl nýhst ðæm túne, Ors. 1, 1; Swt. 20, 30-33. Hí hine bebyrgdon on ðære æfteran míle fram ðære ceastre, Shrn. 115, 16: Blickl. Homl. 193, 19. (9) marking degree:--On swíðe lytlon hiera hæfþ seó gecynd genóg, on swá myclum heó hæfþ genóg swá wé ǽr sprǽcon, Bt. 14, 1; Fox 42, 10-11. (10) marking manner, with, in :-- Hláfas on lilian beorhtnysse scínende, and on hrósan brǽðe stýmende, Homl. Th. ii. 136, 28. His gewǽda scinon on snáwes hwítnysse, 242, 7. Hí cómon on þrím floccum, Homl. Th. ii. 450, 13. Se on hrædnesse mycele menigo fornom, Bd. 1, 14; S. 482, 30. (11) denoting end, purpose:--Ásceacaþ ðæt dust of eówrum fótum him on gewitnysse, Mk. Skt. 6, 11. 'Mín blód, ðæt ðe biþ ágoten on synna forgifennysse' . . . Hí hálgodon hláf and wín oh his gemynde, Homl. Th. ii. 268, 1-3. (12) in accordance with :-- Ðæt hé irne on his willan, Bt. 11, 1; Fox 32, 21. (13) of (such and such a name):--Wæs sum man on naman Zacheus, Lk. Skt. 19, 2: 23, 50. Castel on naman Emaus, 24, 13. (14) in (the name of):--Hé him geswór on his goda noman, Ors. 4, 6; Swt. 178, 11. (15) without a case following:--Deófol ðé sticaþ on, Jn. Skt. 7, 20. Seó wyrd (hit) ðé on geniman ne mihte, Bt. 11, 2; Fox 34, 14. Swelce him nǽfre gelíc yfel an ne becóme, Ors. 3, 10; Swt. 140, 10. For ðæm ungemetlícan feóndscipe ðe úre éhtende on sindon, 2, 5; Swt. 80, 36. Ðæt him mon sceolde an má healfa on feohtan ðonne on áne, Swt. 80, 27. Him man on líhþ, Bt. 30, 1; Fox 108, 8: Prov. 70. On secgan to bring a charge against, Deut. 19, 16: Mt. 26, 62. B. with acc. I. expressing local relations. (1) motion, actual or figurative, which is external to the object expressed by the word which on governs, upon, on, on to, to :-- Hé ástáh on ðone munt, Mt. Kmbl. 5, 1. Se deófol lǽdde hine on swíðe heáhne munt, 4, 8: Cd. Th. 220, 11; Dan. 69. Speón hiue on ða dimman dǽd, 43, 3; Gen. 685. Gewát Abraham on ða wígróde, 125, 24; Gen. 2084. Se wuldorcyning on middangeard cwom, Blickl. Homl. 9, 32. Áhón on heánne beám, Exon. Th. 261, 3; Jul. 309. Com hungur on Bryttas, Bd. 1, 14; S. 482, 15. Hé wæs ádrifen ðæt hé com up on Frysena land pulsus est Fresiam, 5, 19; S. 639, 20. Hé his ágene tungan wearp hine on ðæt neb foran linguam in os tyranni abjecit, Bt. 16, 2; Fox 52, 25. Hí spǽtton on hyne, Mt. Kmbl. 27, 30. On ðone andwlitan men slógun, Exon. Th. 69, 19; Cri. 1123. Wé wyllaþ fón on ðone traht ðissere rǽdinge, Homl. Th. i. 206, 21. (2) marking motion from without to the inside, into, among :-- Sume feóllon on þornas, Mt. Kmbl. 13, 7. Sume feóllon on góde eorþan, 13, 8. Ðá cómon big on ða stówe ðe ys genemned Golgotha, 27, 33. Crist of heofona heánessum on ðínne innoþ ástígeþ, Blickl. Homl. 5, 14. On ðás world cuman, 5, 28. Gelǽded on his ðæt ǽrre mynster, Bd. 5, 19; S. 641, 17. Hé on scip eode, S. 639, 19. Gód geár com on Breotone land, 1, 14; S. 482, 21. Gǽstas hweorfaþ on écne eard, Exon. Th. 64, 31; Cri. 1046. On ðæt micle morþ men forweorpan. Cd. Th. 43, 15; Gen. 691. Sum man becom on ða sceaþan. Lk. Skt. 10, 30, 36. On ealle þeóda among all nations, 24, 47. Hé on ða duru eode, Chr. 755; Erl. 48, 32. (3) marking position or direction :-- Ic stande on ðás healfe ego in hoc parte sto, Ælfc. Gr. 47; Som. 47, 50. On ða swýðran healfe, Mt. Kmbl. 26, 64. Án on ða swýðran healfe, and óðer on ða wynstran, 27, 38. On healfa gehwone, Beo. Th. 1604; B. 800. On ðæt steórbord . . . on ðæt bæcbord on the starboard . . . on the larboard, Ors. 1, 1; Swt. 17, 10-11. (4) denoting conjunction (in the phrase on án), continuously, together, anon, at once :-- Feówertig daga and feówertig nihta on án, Gen. 7, 12 : Homl. Th. i. 178, 5. On án gesworene conjurati, Wrt. Voc. ii. 20, 22. Ealle deáde men sculon ðone myclan dóme gesécan, and ða synfullan sculon ðanon on án tó helle faran, Wulfst. 126, 20. In ðone ealdan secgmór; of ðam on án betwénan ácwudu and wulleleáh; and swá ǽfre betwyx ðám twám wudan, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. vi. 218, 23. (5) with verbs denoting division or separation :-- Úre ieldran ealne ðisne ymbhwyrft ðises middangeardes on þreó tódǽldon; and hié ða þrié dǽlas on þreó tónemdon. Ors. 1, 1; Swt. 8, 1-4. Tósliten on twegen dǽlas. Mt. Kmbl. 27, 51 : Chr. 894; Erl. 90, 16. Hit tóbærst on emtwá, Homl. Th. ii. 154, 16. II. expressing temporal relations, (1) marking a point of time, on, in, at :-- On ðone dæg (in die) ðe God gesceóp man, Gen. 5, 1. On midne dæg in meridie, Deut. 28, 29. On ǽlcne tíman omni tempore. 11, 1 : 14, 23. On ealle tíd, Ex. 18, 22, 26. On dægréd diluculo, 8, 20. On ða tíd tunc. Bd. 4, 26; S. 603, 3 : eo tempore, 2, 16; S. 519, 38. On ðone forman Eásterdæg, 5, 23, tit.; S. 645, 3. Ða hit ðá on morgendæg wæs, Nar. 16, 21 : 22, l. Heora wíse on nǽnne sǽl (on no occasion) wel ne gefór, Ors. 4, 4; Swt. 164, 13. Eten ða gebróðru on twá mǽl, R. Ben. 65, 14. (2) marking a period of time :-- On écnesse for ever, Blickl. Homl. 13, 30. On ðás lǽnan tíd in this life, Exon. Th. 364, 1; Wal. 64. On sumeres tíd, 212, 12; Ph. 209. On nánes cynges dæg, Chr. 1009; Erl. 141, 22. III. in metaphorical expressions. (1) into (one's power, etc. ) :-- Gif hig on hand gáþ if they submit, Deut. 20, 11: Bd. 1, 14; S. 482, 16. Hine sylfne on þeówdóm gesealde ðara muneca, 5, 19; S. 637, 12. Hé ealle Assirie on Persa anwald gedyde, Ors. 2, 1; Swt. 62, 3. (2) expressing hostile action, against :-- Hé wonn on Sciððie, 2, 5; Swt. 78, 8, Ðá gelǽdde hé here on Peohtas, Bd. 4, 26; S. 602, 19. Ne dó ús swá swá wé dydon on ðisne ælþeódigan, St. And. 22, 21. Óðer biþ tó ungemetlíce átyht on ðæt ðe hió mid ryhte irsian sceal, óðer on ðæt ðe hió ne sceal biþ tó swíðe onbærned, Past. 40, 4; Swt. 293, 12-14. Hié ealle on ðone cyning wǽrun feohtende, Chr. 755; Erl. 48, 35. (3) expressing agreement, in accordance with :-- Hé hét sumne biscep secgan on his gewill hwá his fæder wǽre, Ors. 3, 9, tit.; Swt. 3, 13. Heó on his willan spræc, Cd. Th. 44, 1; Gen. 701. On riht a-right :-- Ðæt hié healdan Godes ǽwe on riht, Blickl. Homl. 45, 9 : 47, 35. (4) denoting change from one state to another :-- Ðá wendon hié hié on hiora ágen geþióde. Past. pref.; Swt. 7, 2. Wendan on Englisc, Swt. 7, 18. Wésten hé geworhte on wídne mere. Ps. Th. 106, 34. Hé wendeþ stán on wídne mere, 113, 8. Hí on heora ágen dust hweorfaþ, 103, 27. (5) marking the object of thought, emotion, speech, trust, sight :-- Ne gladige on ðæt nóðer ne cyning ne woruldríca, Lchdm. iii. 442, 35. Hé getrúwode on ídel gylp, 51, 6. Ða ðe on Drihten getreówaþ, 124, 1 : 70, 13. On hine gelýfende, Homl. Th. ii. 130, 18. Gód ys on Drihten tó þenceanne, Ps. Th. 117, 8. Sete on Drihten ðín gehygd, 54, 22. Hycgan on ellen, Cd. Th. 191, 22; Exod. 218. On ðæt wundor seón, 261, 25; Dan. 731. On ðæt bearn starian, Exon. Th. 21, 27; Cri. 341. Hé on ðone æþeling lócude, Chr. 755; Erl. 48, 33. Se deófol ðe andode on ðæs munuces sóðan lufe, Homl. Th. ii. 156, 8. Hwæt gódes mágan wé secgan on ða flǽsclícan unþeáwas, Bt. 31, 1; Fox 110, 24. Higeteónan spræc on fǽmnan, Cd. Th. 136, 22; Gen. 2262. Ne sceal nán mann secgan on hine sylfne ðæs ðe hé wyrcende næs, Homl. Skt. i. 12, 177, 195. (6) marking the object in relation to which an action takes place :-- Ðæt ILLEGIBLE a woruldsǽlþa on ðé (erga te) onwenda sint, Bt. 7, 2; Fox 16, 29. (7) marking end or purpose :-- Ic wylle gán on fiscaþ, Jn. Skt. 21, 3. Hí him on fultum cýgdon ða godcundan árfæstnesse. Ed. 4, 26; S. 602, 9. (8) marking price :-- On gold bebycgean, 2, 12; Bd. 514, 39. Hé bebohte bearn Wealdendes on seolfres sinc, Cd. Th. 301, 7; Sat. 578.(9) marking manner :-- Nemned on Lǽden Pastoralis, and on Englisc Hierdebóc, Past. pref.; Swt. 7, 19. Hér sýn on earde on mistlíce wísan hláfordswican manege, Wulfst. 160, 7. On ýdel necquicquam, Wülck. Gl. 256, 14. (10) in (the name of), by (in adjuration) :-- Ic eów hálsige on ðone Drihten, ðe gescóp heofenas and eorþan, and on ða Hálgan Þrynnesse and on ða twelf apostolas and on ealle Godes hálgan and on ða cyrcan, ðe gé tó gelýfaþ, and on ðæt hálige fulluht, Wulfst. 232, 12-16. (11) not followed by a case, or as adverb :-- Hí gegearwodon wægen and on ásetton ða fǽmnan, Bd. 3, 9; S. 534, 9. Fæht hine on Penda, 3, 14; S. 539, 18. On ðæm dǽle ðe Decius on ofslagen wæs, Ors. 3, 10; Swt. 138, 15. Hé on ða sunnan mæg on lócian, Met. 22, 20. Ðá férde hé tó heofonum, him on lócigendum while they looked on, Homl. Th. i. 294, 1. Déþ hé wyrplas on, Exon. Th. 332, 19; Vy. 87. Hine on cymeþ wracu. Cd. Th. 63, 33; Gen. 1041. Hine Abraham on his ágene hand sette, 167, 17; Gen. 2767. Rǽsdon on sóna. Andr. Kmbl. 2670; An. 1336. The word is often used in translating Latin words with the prefix in-, thus on belǽdan inferre, on gebringan, on heápian ingerere, on gehreósan ingruere. (12) with other adverbs :-- Ðǽr stód disc on, Bd. 3, 6; S. 528, 14. Ne ic ðǽr nán þing on ne cann. St. And. 28, 24: 40, 3. Ðǽr wæs on Leo (at the synod), Chr. 1046; Erl. 171, 12. Ealles ðæs ðe ðǽr ðenne on biþ, Chart. Th. 534, 5. Swá swá Drihten cwæþ on ǽr, Jos. 11. 23 : Gen. 6, 6. Hé cýðde his forþsíþ on ǽr he foretold his death, Homl. Th. ii. 186, 23. Hió þyrstende wæs on symbel (for ever) mannes blódes, Ors. 1. 2; Swt. 30, 27. Hé nyste bútan hí sungon ðone lofsang forþ on, Homl. Skt. i. 21, 236. [Goth. ana: O. Sax. O. Frs. O. H. Ger. an : Icel. á.]
on-. The prefix, when used with verbs, for the most part corresponds with the O. H. Ger. int-. Ger. ent-, e. g. on-lísan, -lúcan, -týnan, -wreón.
on-ǽht, e; f. Possession :-- Ic sellu ðé þeóde erfeweardnisse ðíne and onǽhte ðíne gemǽru eorþan dabo tibi gentes hereditatem tuam et possessionem luam terminos terrae, Ps. Surt. 2, 8.
on-ǽlan; p. de. I. to set fire to, to ignite, kindle (lit. and figurative) :-- Hú ne onǽlþ (accendit) heó hyre leóhtfæt? Lk. Skt. 15, 8. Hé hiene onǽlþ mid ðam tapure ðæs godcundan liéges, Past. 36; Swt. 259, 12. Ne byrnþ on ðé ðæt ðæt ðú on lífe ne onǽldest þurh leahtras, Homl. Th. ii. 338, 16 : 344, 26. Ne onǽl ðú ðé sylfum ðæt éce fýr, i. 594, 27. Ne onǽle gé nán fýr on ðam dæge non succendetis ignem per diem sabbati, Ex. 35, 3. Ðá hét se ealdorman onǽlan ormǽte ád, Homl. Th. ii. 484, 7 : Exon. Th. 277, 13; Jul. 580. Drihtenes fýr wearþ onǽled (accensus), Num. 11, 1. 3. Cola onǽlde synd carbones succensi sunt, Ps. Spl. 17, 10. II. to burn (cf. anneal), consume by burning :-- Ðás fýr onǽlaþ manna sáwla . . . Ðis fýr onǽlþ ǽlcne be his gewyrhtum, Homl. Th. ii. 338, 6-17. Ðá námon Nadab and Abiud híra stórcillan and onǽldon ðǽron ungehálgod fýr, Lev. 10, 1. Nim fela tunnan and dó hí ðǽr on innan, onǽl hí siðdan ealle, Homl. Skt. i. 4, 260. III. to make hot with fire :-- Hé hét onǽlan ðone ofen swíðe þearle, Homl. Th. ii. 20, 1. IV. to make hot (in a metaphorical sense), to inflame, to excite intense feeling, to kindle passions :-- Ic (the devil) hine ðæs swíðe synnum onǽle, ðæt hé byrnende from gebede swíceþ, Exon. Th. 264, 31; Jul. 372. Onǽled incensum, Wrt. Voc. ii. 133, 18. Mid ðære lufe onǽled ðara worda, Ap. Th. 18, 27. Onǽled mid ðæm andan his hiéremonna unþeáwa, Past. 21; Swt. 159, 8. v. in-ǽlan.
on-ǽlet, es; n. Lightning :-- Onǽletu ɫ lígetu fulgura, Ps. Lamb. 143. 6.
on-æðele; adj. Natural, in accordance with the nature of a thing :-- Eallum treówum, ðe him onæðele biþ, ðæt hit on holte hýhst geweaxe (cf. ðám treówum ðe him gecynde biþ up heáh tó standanne, Bt. 25; Fox 88, 21), Met. 13, 51.
on-ál, es; n. A burning, kindling; also what is burnt :-- Hé nemde ðære stówe naman ' onál' (incensio), for ðam ðe Drihtenes fýr wæs ðǽr onǽled, Num. 11, 3. Mid onále ramma cum incenso arietum, Ps. Lamb. 65, 15. Onál incensum, 140, 2. Onál incensa, 79, 17: incendia, Hpt. Gl. 510, 18. Cf. ál- (aal-) geweorc ignarium, and see on-ǽlan.
on-áscunung, e; f. Abomination, detestation :-- Fram onáscununga abominationem, Ps. Spl. 87, 8.
on-ásendedness glosses immisio, Ps. Lamb. 77, 49.
on-bæc; adv. A-back, backward, behind :-- Gang ðú sceocca onbæc, Mt. Kmbl. 4, 10. Ná gewát onbæc heorte úre non recessit retro cor nostrum, Ps. Spl. 43, 21. v. next word.
on-bæcling; adv. . Back, backward, behind; retrorsum :-- Gán onbæcling to go back, retire, Blickl. Homl. 27, 20: 31, 12 : Ps. Th. 43, 19. Cer ðé onbæcling get thee behind, Cd. Th. 308, 26; Sat. 698. Forhwí gengdest ðú onbæcling quare conversus es retrorsum? Ps. Th. 113, 5. Ðú hæfst ús gehwyrfde onbæclincg avertisti nos retrorsum, 43, 12. Ðá feól hé fǽringa onbæcling, Blickl. Homl. 223, 11.
on-bærnan; p. de. I. to set fire to, to light (a fire), to kindle (a) literal :-- Hié hié mid flexe bewundon and onbærndon hit they wrapped them round with flax, and set fire to it, Ors. 4, l; Swt. 158, 6. Ðá héton ða déman micel fýr onbærnan, Shrn. 53, 15 : Exon. Th. 277, 11; Jul. 579. Lyft biþ onbærned, 64, 26; Cri. 1043. (b) figurative :-- Hé on monigra geleáfsumra heortan ðæs gástlícan leóhtes gyfe onbærnde. Bd. 2, 2; S. 502, 30. Ðæt fýr ðæt ðú sylfa on ðé onbærndest, Guthl. 5; Gdwin. 38, 18. Is onbærned ðín yrre. Ps. Th. 78, 5. II. to burn, consume by burning :-- Fýr onbærneþ, 79, 15. III. to heat, inflame :-- Mid ðisse pannan hierstinge wæs Paulus onbærned Paulus hujus sartaginis urebatur frix ILLEGIBLE ra, Past. 21, 6; Swt. 165, 3. Óðer on ðæt ðe hió ne sceal irsian biþ tó swíðe onbærned (inflammatur), 40, 4; Swt. 293, 14. Mid hátheortnesse onbærnedne, 40, 6; Swt. 295, 25. Hié beóþ onbærnde mid æféste, Blickl. Homl. 25, 7. IV. to kindle desire for anything, to incite :-- Monigra monna mód tó worulde forhogenesse onbærnde (accensi) wǽron, Bd. 4, 24; S. 596, 37.
on-bærnness, e; f. Incense :-- Mid onbærnysse ramma cum incenso arietum, Ps. Spl. 65, 14. v. an-, in-bærness.
on-bǽru; f. [on = un?] Wrong behaviour, vexation, anger :-- Hé ðæs onbǽru habban ne meahte ac hé háte lét teáras geótan he could not be vexed at it (Guthlac's death), but he shed hot tears, Exon. Th. 165, 12; Gú. 1827. [Cf. (?) O. H. Ger. un-gipárida fastidium, ira, rabies.]
on-básnung, e; f. Awaiting, expectation; expectatio, Rtl. 4, 34.
on-bén, e; f. A prayer asking for something (evil) to come upon a person, an imprecation :-- Hí ús mid heora wiðerwordum onbénum and wyrinessum éhtaþ qui adversis nos imprecationibus persequuntur, Bd. 2, 2; S. 504, 4.
on-beódan; p. -beád; pl. -budon; pp. -boden. I. to bid, order :-- Ðú onbude hǽlu qui mandas salutem, Ps. Surt. 43, 5: 118, 138. Hé onbeád ipse mandavit, 148, 5. Ðá onbeád Basilla and cwæþ, Shrn. 86, 17. Ðá onbeád heó him ðæt hé hire tó onsænde all ða gesiðwíf, 87, 20. Hé onbeád ðæt hé of Róme cóme, Bd. 1, 25; S. 486, 25. II. to announce, tell, proclaim, send word :-- Hé hit him hám bebeád (onbeád, MS. C.) he sent them home word of it, Ors. 4, 5; Swt. 168, 13. Him Pilatus onbeád ymbe Cristes tácnunga Pilatus ad Tiberium repulit de Christi virtutibus, 6, 2; Swt. 254, 23. Word unreht onbudun (mandaverunt) wið mé, Ps. Surt. 40, 9. Eác beámas onbudon, hwá hý sceóp, Exon. Th. 72, 9. Agustinus hét him onbeódan ðæt hér wǽre mycel riip, Bd. 1, 29; S. 498, 4. [Goth. ana-biudan: O. Sax. an-beodan: cf. O. H. Ger. in-piotan.]
on-beornan, -brinnan; pp. -burnen. I. to set fire to, to kindle :-- Abraham ádfýr onbran, Cd. Th. 203, 4; Exod. 398. II. to inflame :-- Se innoþ wyrþ onburnen, Lchdm. ii. 278, 9. Wǽte onburnenu, 218, 14.
on-beran; pp. -boren To diminish, enfeeble, impair, destroy :-- Onboren inminutus, Wrt. Voc. ii. 49, 60. Wæs ðam báncofan neáh geþrungen breósthord onboren wæs se blíða gǽst fús on forþweg disease pressed the body hard, the mind was enfeebled, the glad spirit was eager for departure, Exon. Th. 158, 29; Gú. 917. Ðá wæs hord rásod onboren beága hord the hoard was explored, the treasure of rings rifled, Beo. Th. 4557; B. 2284. Ǽghwylc gecwæþ ðæt him heardra nán hrínan wolde íren ǽrgód ðæt ðæs aglǽcan blódge beadufolme onberan wolde everyone agreed that no weapon would wound Grendel's claws, no sword would destroy (or harm) the monster's hand, Beo. Th. 1985; B. 990.
on-bíd (-bid ?), es; n. Awaiting, expectation :-- Næs ðæt onbíd long ðæt ... it was not long to wait, before ..., Exon. Th. 156, 18; Gú. 876. Long is ðis onbíd worulde lífes long in this life is this waiting for the next, 164, 30; Gú. 1019. Hé on tweógendlícan onbíde wæs hwæðer hé wið Rómánum winnan dorste he was waiting in doubt (cunctans) whether he durst fight with the Romans, Ors. 4, 11; Swt. 204, 29. v. an-bíd, onbíd-stów.
on-bídan; p. -bád; pl. -bidon; pp. -biden. I. to abide, wait, remain :-- Onbád óþ ðæt ǽfen cwom, Beo. Th. 4594; B. 2302. Hé onbád ðæt feówertig wintra hweðer hié gecyrran woldan he waited the forty years to see whether they would change, Blickl. Homl. 79, 4. Onbíd her seofon and twentig nihta, 231, 5: 237, 33. Hér sceolon hí onbídan, Soul Kmbl. 121; Seel. 61. II. to wail for, expect, with gen. :-- Ic uncres gedáles onbád, 75; Seel. 37. Ic ðín onbád, Ps. Th. 118, 116. Gif wífes wer sig on hæftnýde gelǽded, onbýde (expectet) heo his .vi. winter, L. Ecg. C. 26; Th. ii. 152, 4. Wé sculon óðres onbídan, Lk. Skt. 7, 20. Willaþ gé mín onbídan? Blickl. Homl. 233, 30, 27. III. to wait on, attend upon :-- Onbídendum prestulanti, Wrt. Voc. ii. 65, 58.
on-bidian to wait :-- Onbidedon, Chr. 1006; Erl. 140 note 8. v. an-bidian.
onbíd-stów, e; f. A place in which to wait :-- On hwylcere anbídstowe ðín sáwl bídan móte dómes dæges in quo commorationis loco animae tuae expectare liceat diem judicii, L. Ecg. P. iv. 65; Th. ii. 226, 8.
on-bígan; p. de To cause to bend, to subdue :-- Heó míne sáwle onbígdon incurvaverunt animam meam, Ps. Th. 56, 7. Heora módes heánesse ealle eorþcyningas onbégan mihton their loftiness of soul could make all the kings of the earth to bend, Blickl. Homl. 119, 21. v. on-búgan.
on-bígness, e; f. Bending, curvature :-- Onbégnes curvatura, Wrt. Voc. ii. 64, 25: 79, 2.
on-bindan; p. -band; pp. -bunden To unbind, set free, disclose :-- Seó wiðerwearde wyrd onbint and gefreóþ ... mid ðam hió geopenaþ hú tiedre ðás andweardan gesǽlþa sint, Bt. 20; Fox 72, 2. Hé onband beadurúne, Beo. Th. 1006; B. 501. Æfter ðon onbind, Lchdm. ii. 250, 20. Wæs onbunden enodaretur, Hpt. Gl. 490, 73. Onbund[en?]-um exertis, Wrt. Voc. ii. 31, 50. v. un-bindan.
on-birgan; p. de (with gen. and acc.) To taste of, taste, take (food) :-- Gif hé bitres onbyrgeþ, Met. 12, 11: 13, 23. Onbirigþ, Bt. 23; Fox 78, 26: 25; Fox 88, 11. Sume ðe deáþ ne onbyrigeaþ (-byrgeaþ, MS. A.: -byrigaþ, MS. B.), Mt. Kmbl. 16, 28. Onbyrigeaþ (-byrgaþ MS. A.), Mk. Skt. 9, 1. Nán ðara manna ne onbyrigeaþ (-byriaþ, MS. A.) mínre feorme, Lk. Skt. 14, 24. Hé his (the water) onbergde, Shrn. 64, 9. Onbyrigde (-byrgde, MS. A.), Mt. Kmbl. 27, 34: Jn. Skt. 2, 9: Homl. Th. i. 136, 8. Onberede, Bt. 23, tit.; Fox xiv, 9. Ne hí siððan ne onbirigdon ðæs bigleofan, Jos. 5, 12: Homl. Th. ii. 168, 2-3. Onbyrigdon, i. 18, 1: Blickl. Homl. 209, 8. Onbyrgaþ gustate, Ps. Spl. 33, 8. Ic hæbbe bóca onbyrged, Salm. Kmbl. 3; Sal. 2.
on-birging, e; f. Tasting, taking (food) :-- Wið áttres onbyrgingce, Lchdm. i. 136, 12.
on-birgness, e; f. Taste, tasting :-- Seó wæs wynsumu on ðære onbyrignesse ... Manige men þurh ðyses wǽtan onbyrignesse wurdan gehǽlde, Blickl. Homl. 209, 9-12.
on-birhtan to illumine :-- God hié onbyrhte mid andgite, Blickl. Homl. 105, 31.
on-bítan; p. -bát; pp. -biten (with gen.) To taste of, partake of :-- Se ðæs wæstmes onbát, Cd. Th. 30, 21; Gen. 470: 42, 22; Gen. 677. Gif wulf ǽniges cynnes orf tóslíte, and hit forðon deád beo, ne onbíte (gustet) his nán Cristen man, L. Ecg. P. iv. 29; Th. ii. 212, 26. Anbíte, iv. 28; Th. ii. 212, 23. Gecýðan ðæt heó ðæs forstolenan ne onbite, L. In. 57; Th. i. 138, 10. Ne sceal hé huniges onbítan, Lchdm. ii. 222, 20. Ne hit se mon drincan meahte, ne his ǽnig neát onbítan ne meahte, Nar. 8, 32. Nǽnigre wǽtan onbítan. Guthl. 2; Gdwin. 16, 24, [O. Sax. an-bítan: O. H. Ger. en-bízan.]
on-blǽstan glosses inrumpere, Wrt. Voc. ii. 48, 49.
on-blandan to intermingle, to infect (with moral evil) :-- Hé lungre áhóf wóðe wiðerhýdg weán onblonden he raised at once his voice, hostile and harmful (cf. the use of geblanden in similar phrases), Andr. Kmbl. 1350; An. 675.
on-bláwan to breathe into, inspire, inflate :-- Onblǽwþ litrat (?), Wrt. Voc. ii. 53, 60. Onblá[wende] inspirans, inflans, Hpt. Gl. 442, 29. Mid elreordre dysignesse onbláwne barbara inflati stultitia, Bd. 2, 5; S. 507, 13.
on-bláwness, e; f. Inspiration :-- Seó onbláwnes ðære heofonlícan onfæþmnesse, Blickl. Homl. 7, 26.
on-blótan to offer, sacrifice :-- Abraham onbleót ðǽt lác Gode, Cd. Th. 177, 21; Gen. 2933.
on-bregdan, -brédan; p. brægd, -brǽd, pl. brugdon, -brudon. I. with dat. acc. (?), To move quickly :-- Heáfde onbrygdeþ þriwa áscæceþ the Phenix thrice moves its head (bowing to the sun; igniferum caput ter venerata), Exon. Th. 207, 18; Ph. 143. Onbrǽd recedes múþan raþe æfter ðon on flór treddode Grendel opened the door violently and stepped on to the floor of the hall, Beo. Th. 1450; B. 723. II. intrans. To move (oneself) quickly, to start (from sleep) :-- Ðá on morgne mid ðý hit dagode ðá onbrǽd ic postero die matutino expergefactus diluculo, Nar. 30, 30: Bd. 3, 27; S. 559, 16. Ðá onbrǽd Gúþlác of ðam slǽpe, Guthl. 6; Gdwin. 42, 13. Hé of slǽpe onbrægd, Elen. Kmbl. 150; El. 75. Swá hé of hefigum slǽpe onbrude, Bd. 5, 19; S. 640, 27.
on-bring, es; m. Instigation :-- Se man ðe hine sylfne ofslihþ mid wǽpne oððe mid (for, MS. X.) hwylcum mislícum deófles onbringe (instigatione), L. Ecg. P. ii. 5; Th. ii. 184, 5,
on-brucol; adj. Rugged :-- Anbrucolne preruptam, Germ. 402, 85.
on-bryce, es; m. An irruption, attack :-- Onrǽs, onbryce irruptionem, ingressionem, Hpt. Gl. 464, 66.
on-bryrdan; p. de. I. to instigate, stimulate, incite, inspire, animate :-- Onbryrde instigavit, Wrt. Voc. ii. 44, 82. Hé hí tó geleáfan onbryrde, Blickl. Homl. 107, 2. Hí se héhsta Déma mid elne onbryrde inspired her with courage, Judth. Thw. 22, 37; Jud. 95. Git mid fullwihte onbryrdon ealne ðisne middangeard, Exon. Th. 467, 10; Hö. 136. Onbryrdan beorman míne to leaven with my leaven, 266, 10; Jul. 396. Hit nis git se tíma ðæt ic þé heálícor mǽge onbryrdan firmioribus remediis nondum tempus est, Bt. 5, 3; Fox 14, 14. Onbryrdendum (instigante) feónde ealra goda, Bd. 3, 22; S. 553, 14. Onbryrd (compunctus) mid lufan ðæs upplícan ríces, 4, 12; S. 580, 36. Wearþ Johannes swá onbryrd þurh ðæt tácen, ðæt hé his brýde on mægþháde forlét, Homl. Th. i. 58, 16. Him wearþ onbryrded breóstsefa, Exon. Th. 122, 15; Gú. 306. Æfter heora láre ða ðe wǽron godcundlíce onbryrde juxta divinitus inspiratam doctrinam, Bd. 4, 17; S. 585, 34. Sceolan wé beón áwehte and onbryrde tó godcundre láre, Blickl. Homl. 33, 23. II. to excite to a feeling of compunction :-- Hé wæs onbryrded (compunctus) mid gemynde his synna and weóp, Bd. 3, 27; S. 559, 2. Ðǽr mon ðæt godspel sægþ maniges mannes heorte biþ onbryrded, Blickl. Homl. 47, 32. v. in-bryrdan.
on-bryrding, e; f. An exciting, a stimulus :-- Onbryrdinge instinctu, Wrt. Voc. ii. 44, 34.
on-bryrdness, e; f. Instigation, stimulus, inspiration, compunction :-- Mid wíne onbryrdnysse vino compunctionis, Ps. Spl. 59, 3. Mid onbryrdnysse ðæs upplícan éðles with the stimulus that is given by the land on high, Homl. Th. ii. 550, 19. Mid godcundre onbryrdnysse monad divino admonitus instinctu, Bd. 1, 23; S. 485, 24: 4, 32; S. 611, 39. Mid ða godcundan onbryrdnesse monad, 5, 6; S. 620, 1. Þurh ðæs sóþan Godes onbryrdnysse inspirante Deo vero, 2, 13; 8. 517, 17: Blickl. Homl. 119, 18. v. in-bryrdness.
on-búgan; p. -beáh. I. to bend :-- Ðonne ic onbúge when I (a bow) bend, Exon. Th. 405, 16; Rä. 24, 3. II. to bend in reverence or submission, to bow :-- Heó tó hyre módor cneówum onbeah, Lchdm. iii. 428, 13. Hís gebróðru onbugon tó him (proni adorantes), Gen. 50, 18. Ða ðe nolden tó his libbendum líchaman onbúgan, ða nú eádmódlíce on cneówum ábúgaþ tó his deádum bánum, Chr. 979; Erl. 129, 20: Ors. 6, 9; Swt. 264, 9. III. to submit, yield :-- Ðú eart rihtwís and nánum ne onbíhst, Homl. Th. ii. 298, 33. Hé nǽnigum woruldrícum men þurh leáse ólecunga swíðor onbúgan nolde, ðonne hit riht wǽre, Blickl. Homl. 223, 28. Beó ðú onbúgende ðínum wiðerwinnan, Mt. Kmbl. 5, 25. IV. to bend aside, deviate :-- Ic onbúgan ne mót of ðæs gewealde ðe mé wegas tǽcneþ, Exon. Th. 383, 24; Rä. 4, 15. v. an-búgan, on-bígan.
on-bútan; prep. (adv.) with dat. acc. About. I. of place :-- Gewríðe onbútan (MS. H. ábútan) ðæs mannes swyran, Lchdm. i. 160, 23. Feówer circulas onbútan ðære sunnan, Chr. 1104; Erl. 239, 18. Se here sceolde bión getrymed onbútan Hierusalem, Past. 21; Swt. 161, 25. Seó eá gǽþ onbútan ðæt land, Gen. 2, 11. Ðæt folc him sáh eall onbútan, Homl. Skt. i. 23, 651. II. of time :-- Onbútan Martines mæssan and gyt lator, Chr. 1089; Erl. 226, 19. III. with ðǽr :-- Æt Hocneratúne and ðǽr onbútan, 917; Erl. 102, 14. Ofer eall ðǽr onbútan, Homl. Skt. i. 23, 490, 660.
on-býgan, -byrgan. v. on-bígan, -birgan.
on-cennan; p. de To bear (a child), bring forth :-- Mǽden sceal oncennan sunu, Ælfc. T. Grn. 9, 11. Sí oncenned nascatur, Kent. Gl. 984. v. á-cennan,
on-cígung, e; f. Invocation, invoking :-- Ðerh onceigunge per invocationem, Rtl. 114, 3: 122, 3. Onceigince, 147, 27.
on-cirran, -cerran, -cyrran; p. de. A. in a physical sense. I. (a) to turn (trans.) make a change in position or direction :-- Hé oncyrde hine tó Paule he turned to Paul, Blickl. Homl. 183, 30: 185, 36. Ðæt hié hine móston on óðre sídan oncyrran, 227, 19. Andwlitan út oncyrran faciem avertere, Ps. Th. 131, 10. Wénst ðú ðæt ðú ðæt hwerfende hweól ðonne hit on ryne wyrþ mǽge oncyrran tu vero volventis rotae impetum retinere conaris? Bt. 7, 2; Fox 18, 36. Oncerran, Met. 10, 39. Oncirredre prepostero, Wrt. Voc. ii. 67, 23. (b) to turn (into another form) :-- Ða lástas on óðerne mǽgwlite oncyrran, Blickl. Homl. 127, 19. II. to turn (intrans.) to go :-- Ðá oncerde se wind from ðære byrig, Bd. 3, 16; S. 543, 7. Hé þyder oncirde, Beo. Th. 5933; B. 2970: 5895; B. 2951. Ýða ongin eft oncyrde, Andr. Kmbl. 932; An. 466. B. in a metaphorical sense. I. (a) to turn, make a person adopt a line of conduct, etc. :-- Se nýdde Clementem ðæt hé Cryste wiðsóce, ðá ne mihte hé hyne oncyrran he could not turn him, Shrn. 150, 18. Angan þencean hú hé þider meahte Crécas oncerran, Met. 1, 61. (b) to turn, change :-- Ðú ða wyrde oncyrrest fata mutabis, Nar. 31, 24. Hí mé ðæt on edwít eft oncyrdan factum est mihi in opprobrium, Ps. Th. 68, 10. Nergend him naman oncyrde, Elen. Kmbl. 1004; El. 503. Ne meahte hé ðæs wealdendes willan oncirran, Beo. Th. 5707; B. 2857. Hí woldon his mód oncyrran, Andr. Kmbl. 2921; An. 1463. Hé ne meahte hire mód oncyrran he could not make her change her mind, Exon. Th. 256, 4; Jul. 226. (c) to turn from good to bad, to pervert :-- Ðus ic sóðfæstum mód oncyrre, 264, 13; Jul. 363. Ðæt wé þurh misgedwield mód oncyrren, 262, 2; Jul. 268. Hyge wæs oncyrred (by a magical drink), Andr. Kmbl. 72; An. 36. Ðú miht ongiton hú se mín weorþscipe for worulde is oncerred quantum decus ornamentis nostris decesserit, vides, Bt. 10; Fox 30, 15. (d) to turn aside, avert :-- Ðín yrre fram ús oncyrre, Ps. Th. 84, 4. Oncyrran, 78, 5. Oncyrran mód from his Meotude, Exon. Th. 124, 8; Gú. 336. (e) to turn back, reverse (a sentence), revoke :-- Ðú yrre ðín eft oncyrdest, Ps. Th. 70, 19. Hé ða yrmðu eft oncyrde æt his upstige, Exon. Th. 38, 30; Cri. 614. Ða word oncyr retract the words, 251, 13; Jul. 144. Wæs se dóm oncyrred Euan ungesǽlignesse, Blickl. Homl. 3, 8. Wearþ se sárlíca cwide eft oncerred, 123, 7. II. to turn (intrans.) :-- Hié fram heora unrihtum oncyrron, Blickl. Homl. 109, 20.
on-clifiende; adj. Sticking to, persistent :-- On forhæfednysse and on clǽnnysse fæsthafule and onclyfiende in abstinence and purity constant and persistent, Cod. Dip. B. i. 154, 37. v. clifian.
on-clipian to invoke :-- Enos ongan ǽrest onclypian (invocare) Drihtnes naman, Gen. 4, 26.
on-cnǽwe; adj. Known, recognised :-- Oncnǽwe cognitum, Ps. Spl. T. 33, 5. Cf. ge-cnǽwe.
on-cnáwan; p. -cneów; pp. -cnáwen To know; noscere, cognoscere, agnoscere :-- Ic oncnáwe nosco, cognosco, ic ancnáwe agnosco, Ælfc. Gr. 28, 1; Som. 30, 31-32. Tó angitanne and tó oncnáwenne animadverti, Wrt. Voc. ii. 2, 44. Beón oncnáwen conici (cf. 23, 50), 23, 78. I. to know, recognise, (1) to identify an object through being acquainted with its characteristics, to distinguish, (a) of persons :-- Se oxa oncneów his hláford, Homl. Th. i. 42, 25. Hí hine (Jesus) on ðam gereorde oncneówon, ðone ðe hí ne mihton on onwrigennysse háliges gewrites oncnáwan, 284, 33-34. Ðæt is éce líf, ðæt hí ðé oncnáwon sóðne God, and ðone ðe ðú ásendest, 42, 14: ii. 362, 22. Frán hwæðer hit oncneówe his fóstermódor, Bt. 3, 1; Fox 4, 28. Ðeáh ðe hé wundra fela gecýðde, synnige ne mihton oncnáwan ðæt cynebearn, Andr. Kmbl. 1131; An. 566. Hé is ancnáwen dinoscitur, agnoscitur, Hpt. Gl. 440, 32. Ðú wǽre ǽfre fǽmne oncnáwen, Glostr. Frag. 106, 8. Biþ oncnáwen Drihten dómas wyrcende cognoscetur Dominus judicia faciens, Ps. Spl. 9, 17. (b) of things :-- Heáh feorran hé oncnáwaþ alta a longe cognoscit, 137, 7. Ná ic hit swá oncneów swá hit ðín ǽ hafaþ I did not recognise it (what was said) as what is in thy law, Ps. Th. 118, 85. Ic his word oncneów, ðéh hé his mǽgwlite bemiðen hæfde, Andr. Kmbl. 1710; An. 857: Beo. Th. 5102; B. 2554. Se assa oncneów his hláfordes binne, Homl. Th. i. 42, 25. Ðæt ðú oncnáwe (cognoscas) ðara worda sóðfæstnesse, Lk. Skt. 1, 4. Ðæt ðás nytenan menn ðíne mihta oncnáwon, Homl. Th. i. 62, 14. Hié ðæt ongeotan ne cúðan, ðæt hié gehýrdon, ne ðæt oncnáwan ne mihton ðæt hié gesáwon, Blickl. Homl. 105, 29: 95, 10. Ðú meaht sóða gesǽlþa sóna oncnáwan, Met. 12, 30: Elen. Kmbl. 790; El. 395. Oncnáwan hwǽr wé sǽlan sceolon sundhengestas, Exon. Th. 54, 1; Cri. 862. Ðíne fótswaða nǽron oncnáwene, Ps. Lamb. 76, 20. (2) to recognise a fact (which is generally stated in a clause beginning with ðæt) :-- Wundra weorc ðíne and sáwle mín oncnáweþ (knows that thy works are wonderful), Ps. Spl. 138, 13. Be ðam oncnáwaþ ealle men, ðæt gé synt mine leorningcnihtas, Jn. Skt. 13, 35. Ic oncneów (cognovi) ðæt ðú ondrǽtst swýðe God, Gen. 22, 12. Ðá se déma ðæt oncneów and ongæt (persensit), ðæt hé hine oferswíðan ne mihte, Bd. 1, 7; S. 478, 1: 5, 9; S. 623, 21. Ðá cwæþ eal folc ðæt hé Godes sunu wǽre, and ðæt fulfremedlíce oncneówan, Blickl. Homl. 177, 20. Hig oncneówon, ðæt hig nacode wǽron, Gen. 3, 7; Mk. Skt. 12, 12. Oncnáw ðæt míne welan syndon gewitene, Blickl. Homl. 113, 24. Tó ðam earde ðe fléwþ meolce and hunige, swá swá gé of ðissum wæstmum oncnáwan mágon, Num. 13, 28. Geseón and oncnáwan and swiðe gearelíce ongeotan ðæt ðisses middangeardes ende neáh is, Blickl. Homl. 107, 22: 115, 5. Be ðam man mihte oncnáwan ðæt se cniht nolde wácian æt ðam wíge, Byrht. Th. 131, 16; By. 9. II. to know, understand, attain to a knowledge of :-- Gyt gé ne oncnáwaþ ne ne ongitaþ, Mk. Skt. 8, 17. Ðú míne geþohtas oncneówe intellexisti cogitationes meas, Ps. Th. 138, 2, 3. Ðá oncneówon hig be ðam worde cognoverunt de verbo, Lk. Skt. 2, 17: Homl. Th. i. 30, 32. Hé ða yldestan lǽrde, ðæt heó wísdómes word oncneówan, Ps. Th. 104, 18. Ða mægnu tweónedon be ðære gýtsunge, ðæt hió fullíce hió ne oncnéwon, Gl. Prud. 64 a. Oncnáwaþ ða ðing ðe eówre bearn nyton, Deut. 11, 2. Dysige ðæt oncnáwan stulti sapite, Ps. Th. 93, 8. Ic ðínra worda ne mæg wuht oncnáwan, Cd. Th. 34, 8; Gen. 534. Oncnáwan, hú hine lýgnedon leáse, Exon. Th. 69, 12; Cri. 1119. III. to know, learn by observation, observe, perceive :-- Gif ic mé unrihtes oncneów áwiht on heortan iniquitatem si conspexi in corde meo, Ps. Th. 65, 16. Oncnáw onsýne Cristes ðínes respice in faciem christi tui, 83, 9. Oncnáw paþas míne cognoscite semitas meas, Ps. Spl. 138, 22. Ða deóflu æteówiaþ ðære synfullan sáwle hyre mánfullan dǽda, ðæt heó oncnáwe mid hwilcum feóndum heó ymbset biþ, Homl. Th. i. 410, 9. IV. to acknowledge, (1) make acknowledgment of a fault :-- Wé oncnáwaþ eal ðæt wé geworhton onworldríce, ne mágon we hit dyrnan, Hy. Grn. 7, 90. Ðæt hé mihte oncnáwan his mánfullan dǽda on ðam hæftnéde, Ælfc. T. Grn. 8, 21. (2) to acknowledge a greeting :-- Iosep hig oncneów árfullíce clementer resalutatis eis, Gen. 43, 27. (3) to acknowledge the power of another (?) :-- Elias eorl ðe ða Mannie of ðam cynge geheóld and oncneów (-cweow, MS.), Chr. 1110; Erl. 243, 11.
on-cnáwenness, e; f. I. recognition, knowledge (that an object is what it really is) :-- Wé habbaþ ðæt éce líf þurh geleáfan, and oncnáwennysse ðære Hálgan Þrynnesse, gif wé ða oncnáwennysse mid árwurþnysse healdaþ. Witodlíce gif Godes oncnáwennys ús gearcaþ ðæt éce líf, swá miccle swíðor wé éfstaþ tó lybbenne swá micclum swá wé swíðor on ðissere oncnáwennysse þeónde beóþ. Sóðlíce ne swelte wé on ðam écan life; ðonne biþ ús Godes oncnáwennys fulfremed. ... Ac wé sceolon on andwerdum lífe leornian Godes oncnáwennysse ... ðæt wé móton becuman tó his fulfremedan oncnáwennysse, Homl. Th. ii. 362, 32-364, 9. Hé nolde him æteówian his oncnáwennysse he would not let them recognise him (cf. l. 16, hé him ne geswutelode hwæt hé wæs), 284, 12. Ða deóflu æteówiaþ ðære synfullan sáwle hyre mánfullan dǽda ... Tó eorþan heó biþ ástreht þurh hire scylda oncnáwennysse (on recognising her guilt), i. 410, 12. II. acknowledgment, recognition of a claim :-- Ðonne ys ðis seó oncnáwennis ðe hé hæfþ God mid gecnáwen ... on circlícum mádmum, Chart. Th. 429, 7.
on-cnáwness, e; f. Knowledge, conception :-- Hé hiene bedǽlþ ðære oncnáwnesse ðæs uplecan leóhtes a luce se supernae cognitionis excludit, Past. 11, 4; Swt. 69, 24.
on-cnyssan to cast down :-- Ðú mé yfela feala oft oncnyssedest thou didst strike me down with many evils, Ps. Th. 70, 19. Oncnyssyde depulsae, Ps. Spl. C. 61, 3.
on-cunnan; p. -cúðe; pp. -cunnen To accuse a person (acc.) of something (gen., clause beginning with ðæt or with prep, be, for), to blame, charge, lay to a person's charge :-- Ðonne oncann hé hiene selfne for ðære hrædhýdignesse ðe hé ǽr tó fela sealde occasionem contra se impatientiae enquirit, Past. 44, 4; Swt. 325, 16. Ic him mín wedd beád, ðæt ic hyra nǽfre nǽnne ne oncúðe, for ðon ðe hý on riht sprǽcon, Chart. Th. 486, 21. Mé míne ágen word sócon swýðe oncúðan verba mea excrabantur, Ps. Th. 55, 5. Ðonne oncúðon (impugnabant) hié mé bútan scylde, Past. 46, 7; Swt. 355, 15. Hié sylfe be ðdon oncúðon, ðæt hié swá ne dydon, Blickl. Homl. 215, 12. Gif hwá óðerne godborges oncunne, L. Alf. pol. 33; Th. i. 82, 5. Ðý læs ðec Meotud oncunne, ðæt ðú sý wommes gewita, Exon. Th. 301, 13; Fä. 18. Ðæt ús God ne þurfa oncunnan for ðæræ waniungæ nec nobis Deus debeat imputare hanc imminutionem, Chart. Th. 163, 25. Oncunnen notatus, Wrt. Voc. ii. 114, 81. Hé wæs oncunnen (accusatus) fram ðam ylcan cyninge, Bd. 5, 19; S. 640, 9. Tó oncunnyne oncunnysse as excusandas excusationes, Ps. Spl. M. C. 140, 4. v. next word.
on-cunness, e; f. An accusation(?), excuse(?) :-- Tó ácunnenne on-cunnisse ad excusandas excusationes, Ps. Surt. 140, 4. v. on-cunnan.
on-cunning, e; f. An accusation :-- Mid gelómlícum oncunningum crebris accusationibus, Bd. 3, 19; S. 548, 3.
on-cweðan. I. of animate beings, to reply, respond :-- Oft mec slǽpwérigne secg grétan eode, ic him oncweðe, Exon. Th. 387, 18. Him Andreas oncwæð, Andr. Kmbl. 540; An. 470 : 1109; An. 555. Him Babilone weard andswarode and oncwæð, Cd. Th. 229, 3; Dan. 211 : 53, 23; Gen. 865. Judas cwæð . . . him oncwæð cáseres mǽg, Elen. Kmbl. 1334; El. 669. Stormas stánclifu beótan, him stearn oncwæð, Exon. Th. 307, 14; Seef. 23. Swilce ealle ða anlícnyssa ðe on ðære byrig tó godon gesette wǽron, ðæt hí ealle ætgædere oncwǽdon and ánre stemne clypedon, ðæt hí áweg ðanon woldon . . . and swilce ða strǽta ealle eác oncwǽdon, Homl. Skt. i. 23, 93-98. Ne sculon mæssepreóstas bútan óðrum mannum mæssan syngan, ðæt hé wite hwone hé gréte, and hwá him oncwæðe, L. E. I. 7; Th. ii. 406, 23. Ðæt hió ðære cwéne oncweðan meahton . . . swá hió him tó sóhte, Elen. Kmbl. 648; El. 324. II. of inanimate things, to echo back, give back a sound, reply :-- Oncwyð remugiet, Hpt. Gl. 513, 12. Scyld scefte oncwyð, Fins. Th. 12; Fin. 7. Ðæt him se weald oncwyð . . . wudu eallum oncwyð, Met. 13, 46-50 : Bt. 25; Fox 88, 20. Oft oncwæð ýð óðerre, Andr. Kmbl. 884; An. 442.
on-cýð[ð], e; f. Grief, distress :-- Denum eallum wæs weorce on móde, oncýð eorla gehwæm, syððan Æscheres hafelan métton, Beo. Th. 2844; B. 1420. Hæfde Eást-Denum gilp gelǽsted, swylce oncýððe ealle gebétte, 1664; B. 830.
on-cýðan to make known, announce :-- Ðá ðá ic on eard com ic oncýððe ealle folce hwæt ic on Róme gedón hæfde, Chart. Th. 117, 1.
oncýð-dǽd, e; f. A deed causing distress, an injury :-- Oncýðdǽda wrecan, Andr. Kmbl. 2360; An. 1181.
on-cýðig; adj. Suffering from the want of something (?), not acquainted with, a stranger to anything (?); cf. un-cýðig :-- Elnes oncýðig suffering from weakness (?) or a stranger to strength (?), Elen. Kmbl. 1446; El. 725. The term is used of Judas, to whom the previous lines 1392-3 refer :-- Méðe and meteleás, mægen wæs geswiðrod.
on-dǽlan to impart, infuse; infundere, Rtl. 17, 11 : 85, 39 : Lk. Skt. Lind. 10, 34.
on-dǽlend, es, m. One who imparts :-- Mægna sellend and bloedsunga ondǽlend virtutum dator et benedictionum infusor, Rtl. 103, 38.
ond-efen, on-derslíc, -deslíc, -desn. v. and-efn, on-dryslíc, -drysnu.
on-dón to undo, open :-- Ondést solvat, Wrt. Voc. ii. 120, 79. Ðonne andydan hié ða duru, Ors. 3, 5; Swt. 106, 14. Siont ondóne aperientur, Kent. Gl, 232.
on-dóung, e; f. A putting in, injection :-- Mid ondóunge wyrtdrences þurh horn sió wamb biþ tó clǽnsianne, Lchdm. ii. 260, 11.
on-drǽdan; p. -dréd, -drǽd, -dreard, -dreord; pp. -drǽd to dread, fear; timeo. I. with construction undetermined :-- Ondrét obstupuit, Hpt. Gl. 510, 23. Ondreard timuit, Mt. Kmbl. Lind. 2, 22. Ic ondreord timui, Ps. Surt. 118, 120. Ondreord timuit, 63, 10. Ondreordun, 63, 6. Ondreardon timuerunt, Mt. Kmbl. Lind. 9, 8. Ondreardon (-dreordun, Rush.), Mk. Skt. 10, 32 : 11, 18. II. with acc. or gen. of object, and (a) with a reflexive dative :-- Ic ondrǽde mé God Deum timeo, Gen. 42, 18. Ic mé ondrǽde timeo, metuo. Se ðe him ondrǽt, sumes þinges hé him ondrǽt, timeo Deum ic mé ondrǽde God; timeor ic eom ondrǽd, ðæt is, ðæt sumum menn stent ege fram mé, Ælfc. Gr. 19; Som. 22, 62-64. Ne ðú ðé nihtegsan ondrǽdest, Ps. Th. 90, 5. Se ðe him ǽlc wolcn ondrǽdt, ne rípþ se nǽfre, Past. 39; Swt. 285, 18. Hé him ondrǽt his deáþes, Homl. Skt. i. 12, 87. Hwá him ne ondréde ðæs cyninges irre? Ap. Th. 2, 18. (b) without the reflexive dative :-- Ic hine swíðe ondrǽde, Gen. 32, 11. Ðú ondrǽtst swýðe God, 22, 12. Se ðe ǽgðer ondrǽt, ge ðone ðe hine ondrǽt, ge ðone ðe hine ná ne ondrǽt, Bt. 29, 1; Fox 104, 5-6. Herodes ondréd (-dreard, Lind. : -dreord, Rush.) Johannem, Mk. Skt. 6, 20. Ðæt hig hine ondrédon, swá swá hig ondrédon Moysen, Jo1. 4, 14. III. with the prep, from :-- Swá egefull wæs Alexander ðá ðá hé wæs on eásteweardum ðissum middangearde, ðætte ða from him ondrédan ðe wǽron on westeweardum, Ors. 3, 9; Swt. 136, 7. Hié alle from him ondrédon, ðæt hi hié mid gefeohten, 1, 10; Swt. 48, 16. IV. without an object, and with reflexive dative, to be afraid :-- Hié word Drihtnes gehýrdon and ondrédon him, Cd. Th. 53, 15; Gen. 861. Ða weras ðá ðæt gesáwon hié him swíðe ondrǽdon, and cwǽdon, Blickl. Homl. 247, 16. Ne ondrǽd ðú ðé, Elen. Kmbl. 162; El. 81. Ne wilt ðú ðé ondrǽdan Zacharias, Blickl. Homl. 165, 7. Him ðá ondrǽdendum ðǽm gebróðrum, Ors. 1, 5; Swt. 34, 1.
on-drǽdendlíc; adj. To be feared, terrible :-- Hé wǽs swíðe strang and swíðe ondrǽdendlíc he (William Rufus) was very severe, and very terrible, Chr. 1100; Erl. 235, 39. Gif ðes bealdwyrda biscop ácweald ne biþ, siððan ne biþ úre ege ondrǽdendlíc, Homl. Th. i. 420, 3. Ðises godspelles geendung is swíðe ondrǽdendlíc : 'Fela sind gelaðode, and feáwa gecorene,' ii. 82, 3.
on-drǽding, e; f. Dread, terror :-- Hié selfe wǽron on ðære on-drǽdinge hwonne hié on ða eorþan besuncene wurden, Ors. 2, 6; Swt. 88, 14. Hé sume hwíle wénde ðæt hine mon gefón sceolde, and hé for ðære ondrǽdinge ðæs ðe swíðor on ðæt weorod þrong, 5, 12; Swt. 244, 12.
on-drencan to inebriate :-- Hí wǽron ondrencte mid oferdrynce, Guthl. 14; Gdwin. 62, 20. v. in-drencan.
on-drincan to drink of (with gen.) :-- Ða ðe on wege weorðaþ wætres æt hlimman deópes ondrincaþ de torrente in via bebet, Ps. Th. 109, 8. Ðá ondranc se ðæs wætres, and sealde hit ðæm bréðer . . . and se ondranc eác ðæs wætres, Shrn. 64, 11-12. Bæd ðæt hé him ousende wínes ondrincan, Bd. 5, 5; S. 618, 11. Sioððan hié hæfdon ondruncen ðæs wætres potata aqua, Nar. 13, 28.
on-druncnian to get drunk :-- Beóþ ondruncniende inebriabuntur, Ps. Spl. T. 35, 9.
on-dryslíc, -drystlíc, -ðyrstlíc, -deslíc; adj. Terrible, dreadful :-- Ús is tó geþencanne hú onþrislíc (-dryslíc : egeslíc, other MS.) hit on bócum gecweden is, L. Ath. i. prm.; Th. i. 196, 4. Cwæð ðæt se mon wǽre ondrysenlíc (onderslíc, MS. T. : ondrislíc, MS. B.) on tó seónne (terribilis aspectu), Bd. 2, 16; S. 519, 35. Ondeslíc terribilis, Rtl. 69, 4 : orror (?), 162, 28. Ácwellan ondryslícum wítum, Shrn. 111, l0. Þreágan mid ondrystlícum wítum, 104, 16. Gif hwilc mon síe on ondyrstlecum wísum (in dreadful straits), and hé sý mínes naman gemyndig, Drihten, gefriða ðú hine from ðæm brógan, 101, 30. Sum sume swíðe ondryslícu (tremenda) secgende wæs, Bd. 5, 12 tit.; S. 627, 3. v. following words.
on-drysne; adj. I. applied to that which is evil, terrible, dreadful, awful :-- Firen ondrysne terrible crime, Beo. Th. 3869; B. 1932. II. applied to that which is good, awful, exciting awe or reverence, venerable :-- Him wæs freán engla word ondrysne, Cd. Th. 173, 14; Gen. 2861. Wæs hé for his árfæstum dǽdum eallum his geférum leóf and weorð and ondrysne he was beloved, honoured and reverenced by all his companions for his pious deeds, Blickl. Homl. 213, 12. Ðæt hý messan singan and ða andrysnan þénunge mid árwyrþnesse gefyllen, R. Ben. 140, 5. See other examples under an-drysne.
on-drysness, -desness, e; f. Fear :-- Ondesnisse timoris, Rtl. 3, 24.
on-drysnlíc, -drysenlíc; adj. Terrible :-- Mé ætýwde ondrysnlíco gesihþ visio mihi tremenda apparuit, Bd. 5, 19; S. 640, 36. Ondrysenlíc terribilis, 2, 16; S. 519, 35. Ðá ætýwde hire micel mon and ondrysnlíc, Shrn. 106, 9. Hé wæs of líchoman álǽded, and hé geseah má ondrysnlíces and eác wundorlíces ðonne hé mihte ásecgan, 51, 31. v. on-dryslic, and see other examples under an-drysenlíc.
on-drysnu, -desnu; f. I. fear :-- Fore ondesne (ondesnum, Rush.) propter metum, Jn. Skt. Lind, 19, 38 : 20, 19. Ðætte sió forsewennes him ege and ondrysnu on gebringe ut ostensa desperatio formidinem incutiat, Past. 37, 2; Swt. 265, 19. Hé wolde ðǽm fortrúwodum monnum andrysno hálwendes eges on gebrengean ut praecipitatis vim saluberrimi timoris infunderet, 49, 5; Swt. 385, 16. Ðonne esne on-drysnum his hláforde cwemeþ, Ps. Th. 122, 2. II. reverence :-- Hié hæfdan miccle lufan and geleáfan tó ðære ciricean, and eác heálíco ondrysnu (profound reverence for the church), Blickl. Homl. 205, 9. v. an-drysno.
on-drystlíc, -dyrstlíc. v. on-dryslíc.
on-dwæscan to extinguish :-- Se móna ðe byþ andwæsced oððe áteorod, Anglia viii. 316, 38. v. á-dwæscan.
on-ealdian to grow old :-- Onealdodon bán míne inveteraverunt ossa mea, Ps. Spl. 31, 6.
on-eardian to inhabit :-- Oneardiaþ on ðam inhabitabunt in ea, Blickl. Gl. Rihtwíse oneardiaþ (inhabitabunt), Ps. Spl. 36, 31. Onearda inhabita, 36, 28. Ealle oneardigende ymbhwyrft omnes inhabitantes orbem, 32, 8.
on-eardiend, es; m. An inhabitant :-- Ne on heora éðele ne sy þinc oneardiendes et in tabernaculis eorum non sit qui inhabitet, Ps. Th. 68, 26.
on-efn, -emn, -em by, near :-- Hí gemétton fýr, and hláf onem they found a fire, and bread close by, Homl. Th. ii. 262, 5. Onefen ðone hagan . . . norþ onefen ðæt gelád, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. ii. 150, 10-13. Onemn ðæm at the same time, Ors. 3, 9; Swt. 128, 33. See efn, emn for other examples.
on-égan; p. de To fear :-- Sǽton him at wíne, wealle belocene, ne onégdon ná orlegra níð, Cd. Th. 259, 25; Dan. 697. Ic mé onégan (onagen, MS.) mæg, ðæt mé wráðra sum wǽpnes ecge feore beneóte, 109, 28; Gen. 1829. Ni anoegun (anoegu ná?) ic mé aerigfaerae egsan brógum, Txts. 151, 13. Cf. óga.
on-erian to plough up :-- Wé ma lufiaþ ðone æcer ðe ǽr wæs mid þornum áswógen and æfter ðæm ðe ða þornas beóþ áheáwene and se æker biþ onered bringþ gódne wæsðm plus terram diligimus, quae post spinas exarata fructus uberes producit, Past. 52, 9; Swt. 411, 18.
on-éðung, e; f. In-breathing, inspiration :-- From onoeðunge gástes, Ps. Surt. 17, 16.
onettan; p. te. I. to hasten, move rapidly :-- Ǽlc wlite tó ende éfsteþ and onetteþ, Blickl. Homl. 57, 28. Tó ðam onet Egeas unforwandodlíce, Homl. Th. i. 592, 17. Deáþ eów ǽlce dæg tóweardes onet, Bt. 39, l; Fox 210, 28. Eall moncynn irnaþ and onettaþ, 37, 2; Fox 188, 14. Hé onette on ðære byrig him tó fultume, Jos. 10, 33. Hé wið mín onette, Homl. Th. ii. 352, 4. Wið ðæs fæstengeates folc onette, Judth. Thw. 23, 39; Jud. 162. Ðá onette Abrahames mǽg tó ðam fæstenne. Cd. Th. 153, 3; Gen. 2533. Éfste ðá swíðe and onette forþ foldwege, 174, 3; Gen. 2872. Hié swíðe on ða úre wíc onetton and in ða feóllon ad castra confluxere, Nar. 13, 14. Onettad agitate, Wrt. Voc. ii. 99, 56. Onettendum (festinantibus) cretum, 147, 80. II. to make a quick movement, to anticipate :-- Onette occupavit, 63, 30. Hé gebrægd his swurd and wolde mé ofsleán ðǽr ic him ne onette and ic ðæt wíf gegripe be hire earme and mé tóforan ábrǽd and ðǽr ðis nǽre ðonne wǽre mín blód instæpe ágoten he drew his sword and would have slain me, if I had not anticipated him, and had seized the woman by her arm, and drew her before me; and if it had not been for this, my blood would have been straightway shed, Shrn. 39, 16. III. to be quick in one's movements or actions, be active, quick or busy :-- Byrig fægriaþ wongas wlitigaþ woruld onetteþ fair grow the towns, beauteous the plains, the world is quickened (in the spring), Exon. Th. 308, 34; Seef. 49. Lég onetteþ busy shall the flame be (at the day of judgment), 448, 17; Dóm. 55: 212, 29; Ph. 217. Sceal onettan se ðe ágan wile líf æt Meotude ðenden him leóht and gǽst somod fæst seón diligent must he be, while light and spirit hold fast together, who life will receive at the hands of the Lord, 96, 24; Cri. 1529. Rǽd sceal mon secgan, dæges onettan (cf. the night cometh, when no man can work), 342, 11; Gn. Ex. 141. [Cf. O. H. Ger. anazzan sollicitare, excitare, inflammare, hortari, instigare.]
onettung, e; f. Hastening, haste, precipitation :-- Oft ða oferblíðan weorðaþ gedréfde for ungemetlícre onettunga gravatur usu immoderatae praecipitationis, Past. 61, 1; Swt. 455, 15.
on-fægnian to shew gladness :-- Ðære helle hund ongan onfægnian mid his steorte Cerberus shewed his gladness by wagging his tail, Bt. 35, 6; Fox 168, 17 note.
on-færeld, es; n. An in-going, entrance :-- Gesáwon onfæreldu viderunt ingressus, Ps. Spl. 67, 26. v. an-, in-færeld.
on-fæstnian to transfix, pierce :-- Hig geseóþ on hwæne hig onfæstnodon videbunt in quem transfixerunt, Jn. Skt. 19, 37. Onfæstna (confige) ege ðínum flǽsc míne. Ps. Spl. 118, 120.
on-fæðmness, e; f. Embrace :-- Seó onbláwnes ðære heofonlícan onfæðmnesse sý gewindwod on ðé (the Virgin Mary), Blickl. Homl. 7, 26.
on-fangenness, e ; f. Receiving, reception, acceptance :-- Mid Gode nis anfangenness (onfangenes, MS. T.) nánra háda bútan geearnunge ánre (cf. God is no respecter of persons, but he that worketh righteousness is accepted with him, Acts 10, 34-35), R. Ben. 13, 4. Seó onfangenes ðaes rices is of Godes gódnysse, Homl. Th. ii. 80, 23. Nán ásolcen man nis orsorh be onfangennysse Godes feós, 556, 24, 33. Mid onfangennesse (perceptione) ðæs Drihtenlícan líchoman, Bd. 4, 3; S. 568, 39. For onfangenysse (susceptionem) gesta, 1, 27; S. 489, 8. v. on-fengness.
on-fealdan; p. -feóld To unfold, unwrap :-- Hé onfeóld hys hrægl æt hys sceoldrum, Shrn. 98, 17. v. un-fealdan.
on-feall a swelling, fellon :-- Wið onfealle, gefóh fox, ásleah of cucum ðone tuxl, lǽt hleápan áweg, bind on næsce, hafa ðé on. Lchdm. ii. 104, 12. Drenc wið onfealle, 102, 27: 104, 1, 3, 4, 6. Lǽcedomas wið ǽlces cynnes ómum ond onfeallum and báncoþum, 98, 21: 102, 20. Wíð innanonfealle, 106, 9. Onfelle, 106, 10.
on-feallende; part. On-rushing :-- From ðære onfeallendan ab ingruenti, Wrt. Voc. ii. 3, 34. Ða unstillnesse ðara onfeallendra menigeo tumultus irruentium turbartim, Bd. 3, 19; S. 549, 32.
on-feng, es; m. [v. fón (on)]. I. laying hold of, seizing :-- Be cirliscre fǽmnan onfeuge. Gif mon on cirliscre fǽmnan breóst gefó, L. Alf. pol. 11; Th. i. 68, 13. Be nunnena onfenge (andfencgum, MS. B.: anfenge, MS. H.), 18; Th. i. 72, 7. Be þeófes onfenge æt þiéfþe, L. In. 28; Th. i. 120, 4. Secg wundaþ beorna gehwylcne ðe him ǽnigne onféng gedéþ sedge cuts every one that lays hold of it, Runic pm. 15; Kmbl. 342, 14. II. taking, with the idea of wrongful taking :-- Be wuda onfenge (andfenge, MS. H.: anfenge, MS. B.) bútan leáfe, L. In. 44; Th. i. 130, 1. Be unáliéfedes mæstennes onfenge, 49; Th. i. 132, 11. III. defence, protection (cf. and-fenga):--Wǽron ða hálgan on onfenge manna sáulum, Blickl. Homl. 209, 29. IV. attack, onset, assault :-- Wurdon hié on ðam onfenge forhte, and on fleám numen, Andr. Kmbl. 2679; An. 1341. Hé hine scilde wið onfengom earmra gǽsta, Exon. Th. 126, 24; Gú. 376: 133, 15; Gú. 490. v. an-feng.
on-fenge, es; m. A receptacle :-- Anfengce receptaculum, Hpt. Gl. 498, 32. Anfencgas receptacula, 408, 51.
on-fenge; adj. Taken, accepted :-- Onfenge adsumtus, Mk. Skt. Lind. 16, 19. Mið ðý onfenge woeron assumtis, Lk. Skt. Lind. 9, 10: acceptis, 9, 16. Án geonfenge (onfenge, Rush.) biþ una assumetur, 17, 35. Onfengo suscepta, Rtl. 9, 7. v. and-fenge.
on-fengness, e; f. Reception, acceptance :-- Seó onfengnes Cristes geleáfan, Bd. 2, 9; S. 510, 12. Be ðære onfengnysse Cristes geleáfan de percipienda fide Cristi, 2, 13 tit; S. 515, 33. Ymb xl nihta ðæs sǽdes onfengnesse xl dies post semen receptum, L. Ecg. C. 30, note; Th. ii. 154, 36. Þurh ða onfengnesse dæs Hálgan Gástes, Blickl. Homl. 135, 35. v. and-fengness.
on-findan; p. -fand, -funde. I. to find out, discover, detect :-- Ic anfinde deprehendo, Wrt. Voc. ii. 25, 32. Gif mec onfindeþ wíga, ðǽr ic búge, Exon. Th. 396, 20; Rä. 16, 7. Ic me sylf onfand ðæt . . . I discovered that . . ., Blickl. Homl. 177, 6. Ic hine onfand, and hine onbændan hét, Salm. Kmbl. 550; Sal. 274. Ne ic culpan in ðé ǽfre onfunde, Exon. Th. 11, 30; Cri. 178. Hú Boetius hí wolde berǽdan, and þeódríc ðæt anfunde, Bt. 1. tit.; Fox x. 2. Onfundan deprenderint, Wrt. Voc. ii. 25, 33. Gif hé wæccende weard onfunde búan on beorge, Beo. Th. 5675; B. 2841. Gif hwylc brððor on lytlum gyltum byþ onfunden, R. Ben. 49, 2. II. to find out from experience, become aware of, perceive, be sensible of :-- Ic onfinde experiar, Wrt. Voc. ii. 32, 7. Hé ðæt ðonne onfindeþ, ðonne se fǽr cymeþ he will find it out, when the peril comes, Exon. Th. 449, 18; Dóm. 73. Ðá se gist onfand ðæt se beadoleóma bítan nolde, Beo. Th. 3049; B. 1522. Landweard onfand (became aware of) eftsíð eorla, 3785; B. 1890. Onfunde, 1504; B. 750: 1622; B. 809. Ðá hé ðá onfunde, ðæt hé deád beón sceolde, Bt. 29, 2: Fox 104, 20. Onfunde comperit, i. intellexit, cognovit, invenit, Wrt. Voc. ii. 132, 63. Ǽr hine ða men onfunden ðe mid ðam cyninge wǽrun, Chr. 755; Erl. 48, 31. On ðæs wífes gebǽrum onfundon ðæs cyninges þegnas ða unstilnesse, Erl. 50, 2. Hú fela onfundun (were sensible of), ða gefélan ne mágun, Dryhtnes þrowinga, Exon. Th. 72, 27; Cri. 1179. Onfindaþ ðæt and ongeotaþ intelligite, Ps. Th. 93, 8. Onfinden sapiant, Germ. 389, 16. Onfinden experiamur, Wrt. Voc. ii. 31, 42. Onfindende expertur, 31, 62. Onfunden, ongeten expertus, cognitus, i. probatus, inventus, 145, 47. Heó onfunden wæs men were aware of her presence, Beo. Th. 2591; B. 1293. III. to meet with, experience, suffer :-- Hé weán oft onfond, Exon. Th. 377, 16; Deor. 4.
on-findend, es; m. One who finds out; inventor, Germ. 391, 1.
on-flǽscness. e; f. Incarnation :-- On ðære soþan onflǽscnesse, Blickl. Homl. 81, 29.
on-flígen, es; n. Infectious disease :-- Nú mágon ðás .viiii. wyrta wið .viiii. áttrum and wið nygon onflýgnum, Lchdm. iii. 36, 16. v. next word.
on-flyge, es; m. Infectious disease, disease which, as it were, flies at people :-- Ðú miht wið áttre and wið onflyge, Lchdm. iii. 32, 2, 16, 30. v. preceding word and ongeflogen; and cf. Icel. á-flog, flying at a person, fighting.
on-fón; p. -féng; pp. -fangen (with gen. dat. acc.). I. to take :-- Calic hǽlu ic onfóu, Ps. Surt. 115, 13. Hé mycelne dǽl ðæs landes on anweald onféng, Bd. 1, 3; S. 475, 12. Mód Bryttas onféngon they took courage, 1, 16; S. 484, 19. Se Ælmihtiga onféng ðæt hiw úre tyddran gecynde. Geþencean wé, gif óðer nýten wǽre tó háligienne, ðonne onfénge hé heora hiwe, ac hé wolde úrum hiwe onfón, Blickl. Homl. 29, 2-6. Ðá nýddon hine hys yldran to ðæm ðæt hé sceolde woroldlícum wǽpnum onfón, 213, 2. Se hálga héht his heorþwerod wǽpna onfón. Cd. Th. 123, 5; Gen. 2040. Wífe onfón uxorem ducere, L. Ecg. C. 26; Th. ii. 152, 3. II. to take what another appoints or grants, to receive, have given (a) of material things:-- Seó sául onféhþ hire líchoman, Blickl. Homl. 57, 16. Adames cynn onféhþ flǽsce, Exon. Th. 63, 33; Cri. 1029. Ðá onféngon hig syndrige penegas, Mt. Kmbl. 20, 10. (b) of non-material things:--Ic ne onfó gewitnesse fram menn, Jn. Skt. 5, 34. Se ðe Godes word mid blisse onféhþ, Mt. Kmbl. 13, 20. Gé onfóþ ðæm mægene Hálges Gástes, Blickl. Homl. 119, 11. Hé onféng for worlde mycelne noman, 43, 34. Hí léfnysse onféngon, Bd. 1, 26; S. 488, 5. Hé ðonne mid lǽwedum mannum onfó ðæs heardestan þeówdómes let the hardest service be assigned to him among laymen, Blickl. Homl. 49, 5. Onfón synna forgifnesse, 45, 7. Méde onfón 83, 15. Freódóm onfón, Ap. Th. 5, 19. Hé ðam upplícan ríce gehyhte tó anfónne. Bd. 3, 6; S 528, 5. III. to take what another offers, receive favourably, accept :-- Gif ðú on God gelýfan wilt, ic ðæs drences onfó, Homl. Th. i. 72, 17. Se yfela déma onféhþ feó, Blickl. Homl. 61, 30. Dryhten onféhþ eallum ðǽm gódum ðe ǽnig man gedéþ his ðæm néhstan of árfæstre heortan, 37, 25. Onfóh ðissum fulle, Beo. Th. 2342; B. 1169. Ic bidde ðé ðæt ðú onfó ðissa láca. Gen. 33, 10. Gif hí sibbe mid Godes mannum onfón ne woldan, ðæt hí wǽron unsibbe fram heora feóndum onfónde, Bd. 2, 2; S. 503, 30. IV. to receive a person (a) for entertainment, assistance or protection; v. on-fónd :-- Swá hwylc swá ánne lytling onféhþ, se onféhþ mé, Mt. Kmbl. 18, 5. Israhel onféhþ eallum his cnihtum suscepit Israhel, Blickl. Homl. 159, 20. Martha onféng Crist on hire hús, 73, 9. Onfóh ús on ðæt scip, 233, 7. Onfóþ mínre méder on neorxna wonge, 157, 32. Onfóh ðú ðínum esne, Ps. Th. 118, 122. Ðæt hé onfénge ðære eádigan Marian sáwle. Blickl. Homl. 155, 12. His ðá ða onfón noldon, ðe hiene mon tó brohte, Ors. 5, 2; Swt. 218, 34. Conon mid micle gefeán onfangen wæs, 3, I; Swt. 98, 25. (b) in a special sense of receiving at the baptismal font, or at confirmation, to stand sponsor to a person: -- His (Godrum) se cyning onféng æt fulwihte, Chr. 878; Erl. 80, 22. Æt ðam fulwihte hyre onféng sum Godes þeów, Shrn. 140, 22. Hine onféng æt fulluhtbæþe him tó godsuna Æþelwald, Bd. 3, 22; S. 553, 44. Ne hé náh mid rihte óðres mannes tó onfónne æt fulluhte ne æt bisceopes handa, L. C. E. 22; Th. i. 374, 2. Ic his hæfde ǽr onfongen æt biscopes handa, Ch. Th. 169, 27. V. to undergo a rite, undertake a duty:-- Hié fulwihte onféngon, Blickl. Homl. 203, 24. Ðonne wile hé onfón rihtre ondetnesse, 155, 1. VI. to conceive:-- Gif heó bearn onféhþ si infantem conceperit, L. Ecg. 6, 19; Th. ii. 146, 29. Seó unwæstmfæstnes fram him fleáh, and seó clǽnnes onféng, Blickl. Homl. 163, 19. Ic wæs mid unrihtwísnesse onfangen in iniquitatibus conceptus sum, Ps. Th. 50, 6. VII. to take to, to begin; incipere [cf. O. H. Ger. ana-fáhan: Ger. an-fangen]:--Ðonne ðæt vers geendaþ on ðam naman ðe hit eft onféhþ, Anglia viii. 331, 24. Ǽrest on cattes stán . . . eft on cates stán ðǽr hit (the boundary) ǽr onféng. Cod. Dip. Kmbl. iii. 313, 33. v. á-fón.
on-fónd, es; m. One who undertakes or supports:--Onfónd mínre hǽle susceptor salutis meae, Ps. Lamb. 88, 27. v. on-fón, IV.
on-foran. I. prep. Before, afore:--Onforan winter, Chr. 895; Erl. 93, 30. II. adv. Before, in front:--Beóþ onforan eágan. Ps. Th. 113, 13.
on-fordón; part. Destroyed:--Bearn onfordónra filios interemptorum, Ps. Lamb. 101, 21. Cf. on-forwyrd.
on-foreweardan; prep. adv. In front, in the front of, in the earlier part of:--Onforeweardan ðysre race in the earlier part of this narrative, Homl. Skt. i. 23, 790. Malchus eode onforeweardan (led the way) in tó his ðám hálgan geféran, 23, 752.
on-forhtian to fear, be afraid:--Ne ondrǽdaþ gé eów ne gé ne onforhtion nolite timere ne paveatis, Deut. 31, 6. Onforgtigan timere, Germ. 388, 40. v. á-forhtian.
on-forwyrd, es; n. Destruction:--Fornam hine eofor (onforwyrd, MS. T.) of wuda exterminavit earn aper de sylva. Ps. Spl. 79, 14. God gelǽdeþ hí on pitt onforwyrdes in puteum interitus, 54, 26.
on-fundelness, e; f. Experience, proof:--Ðysse wyrte onfundelnysse manega ealdras geséðaþ many authorities testify to the efficacy of this plant from experience, Lchdm. i. 140, 9. Hyt déþ onfundelnysse ðæs sylfan þinges it will give proof of the same thing, the second method will prove as efficacious as the first, 162, 1.
on-fundenness, e; f. I. experience, experiment:--Onfundenness experimentum, i. testamentum, Wrt. Voc. ii. 145, 49: experientia, 145, 52. II. finding out, discovery:--Ðú ásettest rǽdels gehýr ðú ða onfundennesse ymbe ðæt ðú cwǽde you have set a riddle, hear the meaning discovered of what you have said, Ap. Th. 4, 22.
onga [should have been given under anga], an; m. A sting:--Onga aquilium, Wrt. Voc. ii. 100, 59: 7, 12. Mé of bósme fareþ ǽttren onga (an arrow). Exon. Th. 405, 18; Rä. 24, 4. [O. H. Ger. ango aculeus: Icel. angi a spine, prickle.]
on-gægum (?) towards:--Ongægum west towards the west, Ch. Th. 70, 18.
on-galan to charm:--Stefne ongalendra vocem incantantium, Ps. Spl. 57, 5 : Blickl. Gl.
on-gang, es; m. I. an entrance:--Ongongas ingressus, Ps. Spl. C. 67, 26. II. an irruption, attack, a going with violence:--Ongong incursus, Wrt. Voc. ii. 111, 44: irruptio, 111, 47. Ongeong (-gong, Rush.), impetus, Mk. Skt. Lind, 5, 13.
on-geador; adv. Together:--Ongeador sprǽcon, Beo. Th. 3195; B. 1595.
on-geagn, -gegen, -gægn, -gegn, -geán, -gán, -geǽn, -gén. A. prep. often following a case. I. with dat. (l) marking position, opposite, over against, against:--Breoton . . . ðám mǽstum dǽlum Európe myccle fæce ongegen (-gén, MS.C.: -geán, MS. B.) Britannia. . . maximis Europae partibus multo intervallo adversa, Bd. l, l; S. 473, 10. Nebo on ðam lande Moab ongeán (over against) Iericho, Deut. 32, 49. Gangaþ on ðás ceaster-wíe ðe inc. ongeán standeþ, Blickl. Homl. 69, 35. Ðá arn hé and gestód ongeán (opposite) ðam lége, 221, 11. Wæs ongeán ðyssum wæterscipe glæsen fæt a glass vessel was placed so thai the water ran into it, 209, 4. Mín syn biþ symble ongeán mé my sin is ever before me, L. E. I. 30; Th. ii. 426, 40. (2) marking motion, towards, in the direction of, to meet, in the way of:--Héht his þegnas hine beran ongeán ðæm fýre jussit se obviam ignium globis efferi, Bd. 2, 7; S. 509, 24. Bæd ðæt him mon brohte ðone triumphan ongeán, Ors. 5, 12; Swt. 240, 2: Shrn. 129, 21. Him com seó menio ongeán (-gægn, Lind. Rush.), Jn. Skt. 12, 18. Férdon ongeán ðǽm héðnum they marched against the heathens, Blickl. Homl. 203, 2. (3) marking opposition, hostility in action or feeling, against:--Swá se wind swíðor slóg on ðone lég, swá bræc hé swíðor ongeán ðæm winde, 221, 13. Hé hié lǽrde, ðæt hié hié forþ trymedan ongeán heora feóndum, 201, 36. Ic niste ðæt ðú stóde ongeán mé I knew not that you opposed me, Num. 22, 34. Ne hit for ðæm bryne wandode ðæs hátan léges ðe him wæs ongeán. Nar. 15, 21. Ðonne storm cyme mínum gǽste ongegn, Exon. Th. 455, 33; Hy. 4, 59. (4) denoting waiting for what is coming, against, for the reception of, to receive:--Ongeán gramum gearowe stódon stood ready for the attack of the foes, Byrht. Th. 134, 46; By. 100. Biþ súsla hús open ongeán áðlogum open against the coming of the perjurers, Exon. Th. 98, 10; Cri. 1605. Him biþ fýr ongeán fire awaits them, 446, 7; Dóm. 18. (5) marking direction where no actual motion takes place:--Seó eádge biseah ongeán gramum, 280, 12; Jul. 628. (6) in reply to:--Hig cwǽdon mé ongeán, St. And. 40, 14. (7) denoting contrast:--Ongeán ðam e contra . . . Ongeán ðyssum spelle, Bd. 5, 13; S. 632, 2-4. Swá wé oftor hig ( our sins) gemunaþ, swá forgyt God hyra hraðor . . . Ðonne ongeán ðon (on the contrary) swá wé oftor misdǽda forgytaþ, swá gemon hig God geornor, L. E. I. 30; Th. ii. 426, 36. (8) in return for, as an equivalent for:--Hé hine on eorþan streccan ongan, ongeán ðam heó eác hí ástrehte, Glostr. Frag. 102, 6. Ongeán ðam andgyte se deófol forgifþ stuntnysse, Wulfst. 59, 6-19. Cf. II. 7. II. with the acc. (l) marking position, opposite, over against (v. foran):--Án ðæra gárena líþ ongeán ðæt ígland ðe Gades hátte, óðer ongeán ðæt land Narbonense, se þridda . . . ongeán ðæne múðan, Ors. 1, 1; Swt. 24, 3-6. Hé sæt ðǽr ihm getǽht wæs ongeán ðone cyngc, Ap. Th. 14, 13. Ðá sæt se Hǽlend ongén (-geán, MS. A.: -gægn, Lind.: -gægn, Rush.) ðone brýdguman, Mt. Kmbl. 25, I. 6. Woldon ferian ða herehýð ongeán ða scipu, Chr. 894; Erl. 90, 24. Ðá flugon ða légetu ongeán ða hǽðnan leóde, Blickl. Homl. 203, 10. (2 a) against, in a direction opposite to:--Ongeán streám in a direction opposite to that in which the stream flows, Cod. Dip. B. i. 502, 3: ii. 374, 10. (3) denoting hostility, resistance, or opposition in action or feeling, against, with, contrary to, in opposition to:--Se lég ongan sleán and brecan ongeán ðone wind, Blickl. Homl. 221, 12. Æfter hǽðenum gewunan, ongeán heora cristendóm, Homl. Th. i. 100, 20. Ongǽn þúsendfealde deriende cræftas contra mille nocendi artes, Wrt. Voc. ii. 135, 29. Ongién allo ús wiðerwordnisse swííre girǽc contra cuncta nobis adversaria dexteram extende, Rtl. 14, 38. Him láð wǽre ðæt hí ongeán heora cynehláford standan sceoldan, Chr. 1048; Erl. 178, 31. Wearþ swíðe gestired se here ongeán ðone biscop, 1012; Erl. 146, 13. Ðæt heó yrsige ongeán leahtras (-es, MS.), Homl. Skt. i. l, 104. Hé gewát yrre ongén hig, Num. 12, 9. Ðæt folc . . . ceorodon ongeán God . . . Wé sprǽcon ongeán God, 21, 5-7. Hwylce wróhte bringe gé ongeán ðysne man, Jn. Skt. 18, 29. Næfst ðú náne mihte ongeán (ad-versum) mé, 19, ll. Ic ne mǽg nó wiðcweþan ne furþum ongeán ðæt geþencan I cannot contradict, I cannot even have a conception contrary to it. Bt. 34, l; Fox 134, 29. (4) marking direction where no actual motion takes place:--Hí elciaþ ongeán ðone deáþ, and mid ealle ne forfleóþ . . . Úre Álýsend ne elcode ná ongeán ðone deáþ ac hé hine oferswíðde Enoch and Elias delay to meet death, and do not at all avoid it . . . Our Redeemer did not delay to meet death, but he overcame it, Homl. Th. i. 308, 2-8. Hé ne dorste beseón ongén God, Ex. 3, 6. Hé fægnaþ ongeagn (-geán, Cott. MSS.) ðara óðerra word he rejoices at the words of the others, Past. 17, 3; Swt. 111, 10. Ðæt cild ongeán his Hláfordhyhte and hine hálette the hope of the child went out to meet his Lord, and he hailed him, Blickl. Homl. 165, 29. (5) in reply to:--Ne andwyrtst ðú nán þing ongén ða ðe ðiss ðé onsecgeaþ. Mt. Kmbl. 26, 62. (6) denoting contrast or comparison:--Seó næddre is geset on ðam godspelle ongeán ðone fisc in the gospel the serpent is put in contrast to the fish, Homl. Th. i. 252, I. Feáwa ongeán getel ðæra wiðercorena few in comparison with the number of the reprobate, 536, 32. (7) against as in to set one thing against another, as an equivalent for, in return for, in exchange for:--Þolige cyle ongeán (in atonement for) ða hlíwþe, L. Pen. 16; Th. ii. 284, 5. Hé gesealde twá gegrynd ongén ðes mynstres mylne, Ch. Th. 231, 24: 232, 3. Ælfríc sealde ðæt land æt Hacceburnan ongeán ðæt land set Deccet, 288, 12. Hig of ðám lúdeum for ánum penige xxx gesealdon, ongeán ðæt ðæt ða lúdeas úrne Hǽlend mid xxx penegum gebohton, St. And. 36, 26. (8) marking readiness for a coming event, against, ready for:--Híg lédon forþ hira lác ongeán ðætte losep in eode they made ready their presents against Joseph came, Gen. 43, 25. Ðonne sceolde fyrd út ongeán ðæt hí up woldon, Chr. 1010; Erl. 144, 4. (9) marking time, towards:--Fela ongeán winter hám tugon, Chr. 1096; Erl. 233, 22. B. as an adverb. (l) marking position, opposite:--Ic stande on ðás healfe and dú ongeán ego in hac parte sto, tu contra, hér is se contra adverbium, Ælfc. Gr. 47; Som. 47, 50. Is Gotland on óðre healfe ongeán. Ors. 1, l; Swt. 19, 20. Se hundredman ðe ðár stód ágén (ongeán, MS. A.: ongægn, Lind. Rush.) ex adverso stabat, Mk. Skt. 15, 39. (2) marking motion:--Ðá com mycel windes blǽd foran ongeán (in the opposite direction), Blickl. Homl. 199, 21. Ætstód se streám and ongan to þindenne ongeán (in the direction opposite to that in which had come), Jos. 3, 16. (3) denoting return, reversal of a previous action, again, back; Lat re-:--Ða bodan ongeán cómon tó Jacobe, Gen. 32, 6. Ic fare eft ongeán, Num. 22, 34. Hé gewende ongeán tó dam cynge, Chr. 1048; Erl. 178, 5. Ongeán cirran reverti, Gen. 8, 7. Ongeán fleón refugere, Ælfc. Gr. 28, 6; Som. 32, 47. Ongén sceát, ongeán hwyrfde retrorsit, Hpt. Gl. 505, 59. (4) with verbs of speaking, in reply:--Sóhte gylpword ongeán, Cd. Th. 17, 23; Gen. 264. Ða wergendan ne sceal mon ná ongeán werian, R. Ben. 17, 13. Brimmanna boda, ábeód ongeán, Byrht. Th. 133, 13; By. 49. (5) marking direction without actual motion, towards:--Ðonne hé síþ ongán cum viderit, Ps. Th. 57, 9. Hié ongeán lócian ne mihton, Blickl. Homl. 203, 11. (6) denoting opposition or resistance:--Ðá stód Grantabrycgscír fæstlíce ongeán, Chr. 1010; Erl. 143, 20. Nolde seó burhwaru ábúgan, ac heóldan mid fullan wíge ongeán, 1013; Erl. 148, 12. Ealle ða yldestan menn on West-Seaxon lágon ongeán swá hí lengost mihton ac hí ne mihton nán þing ongeán wealcan all the chief men of Wessex resisted as long as ever they could, but they could not offer any effectual opposition, 1036; Erl. 165, 1-3. Ongén sette objecte, Wrt. Voc. ii. 115, 25. (7) marking contrast, on the other hand:--God sette beforan eów líf and gód, and ðǽr ongén deáþ and yfel, Deut. 30, 15. (8) marking repetition, again:--Drihten cwæþ: Dó ðíne hand on dínne bósum . . . Ðá cwæþ hé: Teóh eft ðíne hand on ðínne bósum. Ðá teáh hé hig ongeán, Ex. 4, 6-7. [O. Sax. an-gegin: O. H. Ger. in-gagan and in-gegin, -gegini: Ger. ent-gegen : Icel. í-gegn and cf. gagn-.]
ongeán-cirrendlíc; adj. Relative:--Relativum ðæt is ongeáncyrrendlíc, Ælfc. Gr. 38; Som. 40, 62.
ongeán-cyme, es; m. A return:--Útfæreld his fram fæder, ongeáncyme (regressus) his tó fæder, and utrene tó helle, ongeáncyme (recursus) tó setle Godes, Hymn. Surt. 44, 17, 23.
ongean-flówende refluent:--Ongéntflówende ýða reciproca, Hpt. Gl. 418, 41. Ongéndflówendum wæterum reciprocis fluentis, 462, 1.
ongeán-weard; adj. Going against or towards:--Hé him ongeánweard wæs he was on his way to meet him, Ors. 6, 31; Swt. 284, 32. Ongeánwurde obvia, Hpt. Gl. 499, 65.
ongeanweard-líc; adj. Adversative:--At (the conjunction) is ongeánweardlíc, Ælfc. Gr. 44; Som. 45, 40.
ongeánweardlíce; adv. Adversatively, Ælfc. Gr. 44; Som. 45, 50.
on-geboren; adj. In-born :-- Ongeborene ingenitam, Hpt. Gl. 514, 2.
on-gebroht; adj. Imposed :-- Be ongeb[r]ohtum de inrogata, Hpt. Gl. 514. 62.
on-gecígung, e; f. Invocation :-- Þerh ongiceiging per invocationem, Rtl. 99, 28.
on-gefeoht, es; n. Attack, assault :-- From ǽlcum ongifeht ab omni impugnatione, Rtl. 98, 26: 122, 5.
on-geflogen; part. Attacked with disease :-- Gif men his leoþu acen oððe [hé] ongeflogen sý, Lchdm. i. 86, 21. Cf. on-flyge.
on-gefremming, e; f. Imperfection :-- Ongefremminge míne (imperfectum meum) gesáwon eágan ðíne, Ps. Spl. 138, 15.
on-gemang. I. prep, with dat. Among :-- Ongemong óðrum mannum, Bt. 35, 6; Fox 168, 6. Ðá ongan ic ongemang óðrum mislícum and manigfealdum bisgum ða bóc wendan on Englisc, Past. pref.; Swt. 7, 17. Eác ðæm golde and ðæm líne wæs ongemang purpura, 14; Swt. 85, 9. Ongemang ðæm ðe whilst, 45; Swt. 339, 24. Ongemang ðam meanwhile, Jn. Skt. 4, 31. II. adv. :-- Gif wé Sanctus Paulus láre sume ongemong secgaþ if we introduce some of St. Paul's teaching, 40; Swt. 291, 13. Gif wé Æfneres dǽda sume hér ongemong secgaþ, Swt. 295, 13. [O. Sax. an-gemong (as adv.).] v. gemang.
on-gemet; adj. Immense :-- Ongemetum immensis, Wülck. Gl. 250, 23. v. un-gemet.
ongemet-hát; adj. Exceedingly hot :-- Wyl on wætere, beþe hine mid ongemethátum boil in water, foment him with it exceedingly hot, Lchdm. ii. 338, 22.
ongend = (?) ongén (cf. the form of the word under ongeán-flðwende), Exon. Th. 323, 28; Víd. 85.
on-geótung, e; f. Pouring in :-- Clǽnsa ǽrest ða wambe mid drences ánfealddre ongeótunge, Lchmd. ii. 234, 26.
on-gewiss; adj. Uncertain :-- Ongewissu incerta, Ps. Spl. 50, 7. v. un-gewiss.
on-gifan. I. to give back :-- Nime man ðínne assan and hine ná ne ongife asinus tuus rapiatur, et non reddatur tibi, Deut. 28, 31. II. to forgive, pardon :-- Ðú ðe ongæfest qui ignoscis, Rtl. 40, 33. v. á-gifan
on-gildan. I. to pay (a penally for), to be punished for (with gen. acc. of crime or clause):--Banan heardlíce grimme ongildaþ, ðæs hié oft gilp brecaþ, Salm. Kmbl. 265; Sal. 132. Hé ðæs wraðe ongeald, Cd. Th. 111, 26; Gen. 1861: 253, 20; Dan. 598. Hú eall moncvn angeald ðæs ǽrestan monnes synna mid miclum teónum and wítum ab initio et peccare homines et puniri propter peccata, Ors. 5, 15; Swt. 250, 27. Hú swíðe hí his anguldon from heora ágnum cásere ut Caesare punirentur, 6, 2; Swt. 256, 6. Weorces onguldon deópra firena þurh deáþes cwealm, Exon. Th. 153, 22; Gú. 829: 226, 23; Ph. 410. Ðæs ða byre siððan grimme onguldon gafulrǽdenne, 161, 15; Gú. 959. Sceal wearh ongildan, ðæt hé ǽr fácen dyde he shall pay the penalty for previous wrong-doing, Menol. Fox 573; Gn. C. 56. Sceolde hé ða dǽd ongyldan, Cd. Th. 19, 23; Gen. 295. Monig sceal ongieldan sáwel súsles shall be tormented, Exon. Th. 304, 17; Fä. 71. II. to pay :-- Hwylc hira óðrum sceolde tó fóddurþege feores ongildan which should pay for the others' food with his life, Andr. Kmbl. 2204; An. 1103. III. to give an offering, to offer :-- Ðǽr hǽðene men deóflum onguldon, Blickl. Homl. 221, 3. [Cf. O. Sax. a-, ant-(an-) geldan: O. H. Ger. ant-(en-, in-)geltan: Ger. ent-gelten.] v. á-, angildan.
on-gin[n], es; n. I. a beginning :-- Ðæs weges ongin, ðe tó Criste lǽt, ne meg beón begunnen on fruman bútan sumre ancsumnysse, R. Ben. 5, 16. Næs his frymþ ǽfre, eádes ongyn, Exon. Th. 240, 13; Ph. 638. His ríces ongin (original condition) nǽfre gewonaþ, Blickl. Homl. 9, 16. II. an attempt, undertaking, enterprise :-- Micel is ðæt ongin ðínre gelícan ðæt ðú forhycge hláford úrne it is a great undertaking for the like of thee to despise our lord, Exon. Th. 250, 15; Jul. 127. Gif ðú gewítest ána from éþele, nis ðæt onginn wiht, 119, 2; Gú. 248. Ongin, 123, 22; Gú. 326. Be ðam onginne ðe hé ongan, ðæt wésten swá ána eardigan, Guthl. 4; Gdwin. 28, 7. Ðú miht æt Gode ábiddan ðæt ðú wilt wið ðæs drýg onginne, Blickl. Homl. 187, 19. Onginnum incoeptis, Hpt. Gl. 515, 15. III. action, proceeding:--Gesticulatio angin jocus ɫ actus, 473, 61. Wrætlíc þúhte stánes ongin (the stone spoke), Andr. Kmbl. 1482; An. 742. Yða ongin the violent action of the waves, 931; An. 466. IV. action, activity, active life, actions, endeavours :-- Ðǽr wæs wuldres wynn, wígendra þrym, æðelíc onginn, næs ðǽr ǽnigum gewinn, 1775; An. 890. Ðæt se ǽresta dǽl his onginnes and líles wǽre tó geleáfan gecyrred. Blickl. Homl. 211, 30. Drihtne úres anginnes nán þing dígle ne biþ. . . 'Beforan ðé is eall mín gewilnung,' R. Ben. 25, 9. [O. Sax. ana-, an-gin: O. H. Ger. ana-gin, -ginni.] v. an-gin.
on-ginnan; p. -gan[n]; pl. -gunnon; pp. -gunnen. I. to begin, set about, set to work :-- Ic onginne inchoo, Ælfc. Gr. 24; Som. 25, 39: incipio, 28, 6; Som. 32, 42: ineo, 37; Som. 39, 1. Wæs ongunnen ordiretur, Hpt. Gl. 494, 11. (a) where the action begun is given by the verb in the infin. or in the gerund.:--Ic onginne tó wearmigenne calesco, 35; Som. 38, 4. Hé onginþ (incipiet) tó álýsenne his folc of þeówte, Jud. 13, 5. Ðá ongan ic ða bóc wendan on Englisc, Past. pref.ERROR; Swt. 7, 17. Ðú ðe ongunne (coepisti) ætýwan ðíne mǽrþe, Deut. 3, 24. Se ongan ǽrest onclypian Drihtnes naman, Gen. 4, 26. Ongan se Hǽlend bodian, Mt. Kmbl. 4, 17. Ðá ongan hine langian on his cýþþe, Blickl. Homl. 113, 14. Ongan se Hǽlend him andswarigende tó cweþan, Mk. Skt. 13, 5. Hí ongunnon ða eár pluccigean, 2, 23. (b) where a case follows:--Se mon ðe gód onginneþ and ðonne áblinneþ. . . Se ðe gód onginneþ and on ðon þurhwunaþ, Blickl. Homl. 21, 34-36. Freme ðæt ðú ongunne, 189, 3. Raðe ðæs hié óðer ongunnon wið Macedonie cui Macedonicum bellum continuo successit, Ors. 4, 11; Swt. 202, 32. Ongin ðæt ðú onginnest, Blickl. Homl. 187, 22. Ðæt fæsten ongunnen wæs instepes ðæs ðe hé of íæm fulwihte ástág, 35, 5. (c) where the verb is used intransitively:--Ðá six onginnaþ of ðam stæfe e, and geendiaþ on him sylfum; x ána onginþ on ðam stæfe i, Ælfc. Gr. 2; Som. 2, 57-58 II. to attempt, endeavour (with infin.):--Ic onginne conabor, Wrt. Voc. ii. 24, 77: nitar, 60, 3. Ðæt ic geseó ða mé onginnaþ dón ða werrestan tintrega that I may see those who are trying to inflict on me the worst tortures, Blickl. Homl. 229, 24. Hiene Hannibal áspón ðæt hé ðæt gewin leng[ne] ongan Hannibal induced him to carry on the struggle longer, Ors. 4, 11; Swt. 204, 31. Se náht freomlíces ongan on ðære cynewísan nihil omnino in re militari ausus est, Bd. 1, 3; S. 475., 20. Ðá ongunnon (tentabant) ða scypmenn ða ancras upp teón, 3, 15; S. 541, 40. Óþ hé ongite ðæt hé mǽge ábiddan æt Gode ðæt hé ongiene (-ginne, MSS. Cot.) until he finds that he can obtain by prayer from God what he endeavours to get, Past. 10; Swt. 61, 22. Ðæt ic dorste ðis weorc ongynnan ut hoc opus adgredi auderem, Bd. pref.; S. 472, 12. Hé wolde onginnan hím óleccan, Bt. 35, 6; Fox 168, 13. III. to act strenuously :-- Hí on ðam gewinne werlíce ongunnon. Homl. Th. ii. 502, 5. Onginnaþ werlíce, i. 188, 31. Onginnaþ esnlíce viriliter agite, Deut. 31, 6. IV. to make an attempt upon, to attack :-- Gramhýdige mé mid unrihte oft onginnaþ injusti insurrexerunt in me, Ps. Th. 85, 13. Donne ús mánfulle menn onginnaþ (insurgerent), 123, 2. Ðonne yfle unmǽgas onginnaþ, mécum gemétaþ, swá gé mé dydon, Vald. 2, 23. Mé strange ongunnon irruerunt in me fortes, Ps. Th. 58, 3 : 61, 3. Gif hí sceoldon eofor onginnan. Exon. Th. 344, 20; Gn. Ex. 176. [O. H. Ger. in-ginnan inchoare, incipere, conari, moliri, niti.]
on-ginnendlíc; adj. Inchoative :-- Óðer hiw is geháten inchoativa, ðæt is onginnendlíc, forðan ðe hit getácnaþ weorces anginn, Ælfc. Gr. 35; Som. 38, 2.
on-ginness, e; f. A beginning, undertaking :-- Onginnissum inceptis, Wrt. Voc. ii. 86, 26. Hine hét ðæt hé ðám hálwendan ongynnessum georne befulge eum coeptis insistere salutaribus jussit, Bd. 5, 19; S. 637, 11.
on-girwan; p. -gircde To divest, strip :-- Hé hine middangeardes þingum ongyrede and genacodade se mundi rebus exuit. Bd. 4, 3; S. 567, 24. Ongyrede hine ða geong hæleþ. . . gestáh hé on gealgan heánne. Rood Kmbl. 77; Kr. 39. Hé wæs líchoman ongyrwed corpore exutus, Bd. 3, 19; S. 547, 34: 5, 12; S. 631, 5. Ongered exuta, Ps. Surt. ii. p. 202, 17. Ongirede exutas, Wrt. Voc. ii. 33, 18.
on-git, es; n. Understanding :-- Ongit (ondgit, Cott. MSS. ) wísdómes, Past. 14; Swt. 85, 3. Ongyt intellectum, Ps. Spl. 31, 10. v. and-git.
on-gitan, -gietan, -giotan, -geotan; p. -geat, -get; pl. -geáton, -géton; pp. -giten, -gieten To perceive :-- Ic ongite comperio, Ælfc. Gr. 30; Som. 34, 46. Ongiotaþ animadvertite. Kent. Gl. 230. Ða hé ongítende wæs animadverterit, Wrt. Voc. ii. 3, 9. Ongeten, onfunden expertus, cognitus, i. probatus, inventus, 145, 47. I. to perceive, see :-- Gif ðú gesihst hwylcne ungesǽligne mon and ongitst hwæthwegu gódes on him, Bt. 38, 3; Fox 200, 15. Hí ðǽr hwílum synne ongytaþ ðǽr ðe syn ne biþ, Bd. 1, 27; S. 494, 26. Gif hí hwílcne mon on ðám landum ongytaþ oððe geseóþ ðonne feorriaþ hí and fleóþ sed hominem cum viderint longe fugiunt, Nar. 36, 21. Ðín wuldor ougitaþ woruldcyningas, Ps. Th. 101, 13. Siððan hé beácen (the miracle of the fiery furnace) onget, Cd. Th. 246, 33; Dan. 488. Ðæt ic ǽrwelan ongite, gearo sceáwige, Beo. Th. 5489; B. 2748. Ðæt hié Geáta clifu ongitan meahton, 3827; B. 1911. Gefeán mon mihte on his andwleotan ongytan, Blickl. Homl. 223, 35. II. to perceive by hearing :-- Ic ðæs þeódnes word ongeat, Exon. Th. 175, 11; Gú. 1193. Gif ðú sanges stæfne gehýrdest and ðú heofonlíc weorud ongeáte ofer us cuman, Bd. 4, 3; S. 568, 31. Hié horn galan ongeáton, Beo. Th. 5880; B. 2944. III. to perceive, feel (pain, etc. ) :-- Ðonne ne ongitest ðú ǽnig sár, Lchdm. i. 368, 26. Donne ne ongyt hé ná mycel tó geswynce ðæs síðes, 102, 6. Ongæt gumena aldor hwæt him Waldend wræc wíteswingum, Cd. Th. 111, 29; Gen. 1863. Swá ðæt se seóca ðone stenc ne ongite, Lchdm. i. 304, 23. IV. to feel, be of opinion, judge :-- Ðeáh ðe be ðyssum willan misenlíce cynn monna missenlíce ongite quamvis de hac re diversae hominum nationes diversa sentiant, Bd. 1, 27; S. 495, 14. V. to know, hear of, find out :-- Wé witon manige foremǽre weras forþgewitene ðe swíðe feáwa manna á ongit that very few men ever hear of. Bt. 19; Fox 70, 13. Wé oft ongytaþ ðæt áríseþ þeód wið þeóde we often hear of nation rising against nation, Blickl. Homl. 107, 27. Eall ðæt hé oððe on gewritum oððe on ealdra manna sægenum ongeat (cognoverat), Bd. prep. ; S. 471, 27. Sumu ða ðe ic sylf ongitan (cognoscere) mihte þurh gesægene, S. 472, 30. Ne mæg ic náne cwica wuht ongitan . . . ðe ungenéd lyste forweorpan si animalia considerem . . . nihil invenio, quod, nullis extra cogentibus, ad interitum sponte festinet, Bt. 34, 10; Fox 148, 13. Miht ðú ongitan hwæðer ðú áuht ðé deórwyrþre habbe ðonne ðé sylfne do you know whether you have anything more precious to you than yourself? 11, 2; Fox 34, 9. VI. to perceive, understand:-- Ǽlc ðæra ðe Godes word gehýrþ and ne ongitt (intelligit), Mt. Kmbl. (MS. A. ) 13, 19. Ongyte (ongete, Lind. ) gé ealle ðás þing? Ð á cwǽdon hig: Wé hit ongytaþ, 13, 51. Ne ongyte gé gyt nondum intellegitis ? Mk. Skt. 8, 21. Onfindaþ ðæt and ongeotaþ intelligite, Ps. Th. 93, 8. Ðý læs hig mid heortan ongyton (ongeton, Rush. ) ne corde intelligant, Mt. Kmbl. 13, 15. Hié hiora (books) nánwuht ongiotan (ongietan, Cott. MSS. ) ne meahton, Past. pref.; Swt. 5, 12. Ðæt wé ðý geornor ongietan meahton lácen, ðæt se fugel þurh bryne beácnaþ. Exon. Th. 236, 13; Ph. 573. Ongeotan, Blickl. Homl. 15, 13 : 131, 23 : 105, 28. VII. to recognise, know, (a) to take a person or thing to be what it really is :-- Gif ðú sóðne God lufast and ongietest gǽsta hleó, 245, 23; Jul. 49. Wið ðæs ðú wilt higian ðon ǽr ðe ðú hine ongitest towards that thou wilt strive as soon as thou dost recognise it, Bt. ll, 2; Fox 34, 8. Se man ðe swereþ man and eft his gilt onget, Lev. 5, 4: Met. 22, 16. Ða neát ongitaþ hira góddénd the brutes know their benefactors. Elen. Kmbl. 717; El. 359. Hé Godes good on ðære his dǽde ongeat he recognised the goodness of God in that deed of his, Blickl. Homl. 215, 33. Witon wé ðæt úre Drihten mid ús wæs on ðæm scipe, and wé hine ne ongeáton, 235, 22. Ongytaþ Godes mildheortnesse seó is nú mid ús geworden recognise in this the mercy of God that has been now shewn to us, 235, 20. Ne mé ǽnig ongitan wolde non erat qui agnosceret me, Ps. Th. 141, 4. Ðéh ic engla þeóden ongitan ne cúðe, Andr. Kmbl. 1802; An. 903. Nú wé mágon ongytan hwæt ðæt gerýne getácnaþ now we know what the mystery means, Blickl. Homl. 17, 13. Wé mágon ongytan on ðæm úre tydran gecynd we may see in that (the temptation of Christ by the devil) our weak nature, 33, 35 : 95, 11. Ne mæg ic fullíce ongitan æfter hwæm ðú spyrast I don't quite know what you are asking for, Bt. 34, 9; Fox 148, 1. Nú ðú hæfst ongyten ða wanclan treówa ðæs blindan lustes, 7, 2; Fox 18, 2. Heó (a woman dressed in man's clothes) wæs fram hire fæder ongitenu she was recognised by her father, Shrn. 31, 15. (b) to recognise a fact or circumstance, (1) the fact stated in a clause :-- Ðú ongitst ðætte ðú git hæfst ðone mǽstan dǽl ðínra gesǽlþa, Bt. 10; Fox 28, 6. Ðonne ongit hé, hú lytel hé biþ, 12, 1; Fox 60, 28. Ðá se déma oncneów and ongæt, ðæt hé hine mid swinglan oferswíðan ne mihte, Bd. 1, 7; S. 478, 1. Oferswíðan ða men ðe hié ongeáton ðæt wiðer-wearde wǽron, Blickl. Homl. 135, 12. Leóde ongéton, ðæt ðǽr Drihten cwom, Cd. Th. 183, 12; Exod. 90. Hé wolde ðæt hé on ðon ongeáte, ðæt ðæt mon ne wæs, se ðe him ætýwde, Bd. 2, 12; S. 514, 25. Ic wundrige hwí ðú ne mǽge ongitan, ðæt ðú eart nú git swíðe gesélig, Bt. 10; Fox 28, 34. Ðæt is tó ongytanne ðaet ácennede wǽron wæstmas gódra dǽda, Bd. 3, 23; S. 554, 23. Ðú hæfdest ongiten, ðæt mé selfum þúhte, ðæt ic hæfde forloren ðæt gecyndelíce gód, Bt. 35, 2.; Fox 1, 56, 17. Heó ongieten hæfde, ðæt heó eácen wæs, Exon. Th. 378, 3; Deór. 10. (2) the fact referred to by the pronoun etæt :-- Fýren wolc[en] ástáh of heofonum, and hit ymbsealde ealle ða ceastre. Mid ðý ðæt (the circumstance just related) ongeat Andreas, Blickl. Homl. 245, 32. Hié ðaet ongeáton, ðæt hé leng mid him wunian nolde, 135, 22. (3) the fact given by accus., (a) with infin. :-- Ðæt hié ongíeton mín mægen on ðé wesan, 241, 14. (b) without infin. :-- Hé ongeat Titum hwéne mon-þwǽrran ðonne hé sceolde, and Timotheus he ongeat hátheortran ðonne hé sceolde, Past. 40; Swt. 291, 21-23: Blickl. Homl. 219, 5. Hit ongeat his láre swíðe tótorenne, Bt. 3, 1; Fox 4, 31. Ðæt Mód sǽde ðæt hit hit ǽghwonan ongeáte scyldig (cf. Ic mé- ongite ǽghwonan scyldigne, 8; Fox 24, 13), tit.; Fox 10, 19. (4) with the passive :-- He wæs tó cinge ongyten he was recognised as king, Blickl. Homl. 71, 32. Ðonne hé biþ ongieten æfstig, Past. 13; Swt. 79, 12. VIII. to know (of sexual intercourse) :-- Ic nǽnigne wer ne ongeat. Blickl. Homl. 7, 22. v. an-gitan.
on-gitenness, e; f. I. understanding, knowledge :-- Hé wæs gefeónde ðære ongytenesse (agnitione) ðæs sððan Godes biganges. Bd. 2, 13; S. 517, 13. Tó ongytenysse (ad agnitionem) ðæs sóðan Godes, 2, 9; S. 511, 3. II. meaning, purport (cf. and-git. III) :-- Ðeós ongitenys (þes ongitenysse, MS. ) mínre untrumnysse ys ðæt of ðisum líchaman sceal beón se gást álǽded the meaning of my illness is, that the spirit shall be taken away from the body, Guthl. 20; Gdwin. 80, 22.
on-gitness, e; f. The understanding, intellect :-- Of alre ongetnisse ex toto intellectu, Mk. Skt. Rush. 12, 33.
ongnere, es; ongnora (?), an; m. The corner of the eye (?) :-- Eághyll from ðam ongnoran glebenus, Wrt. Voc. ii. 42, 7. Ongneras irqui, 46, 30.
on-gripe, es; m. Attack, assault :-- Ðǽra wyrma ongrype and ðæra sorhwíta mǽst, Wulfst. 187, 2. [O. H. Ger. ana-griffe (dat.) tactu, Grff. iv. 318 : and cf. Icel. á-grip. in the phrase lítill agripurum].
on-grisla, an; m. Dread, horror :-- Wæs se munt mid mycelum brógan and mid ongryslan eall oferlǽded, Blickl. Homl. 203, 7.
on-grislíc; adj. Horrible, dreadful :-- Ða becwom sum ongrislíc wíse (horrenda res) on hié, Nar. 10, 32. Ðæt ongris. íce gemót the last day, Wulfst. 186, 15. Angryslíc, Dóm. L. 14, 225. Ongrislíces andwlitan horrido vultu . . . ongrislícre ansíne horrendae visionis, Bd. 5, 13; S. 633, 1-5. On ðære angrislícan gesihþe horridae visionis;, 5, 12; S. 628, 19. Ongrislíco hǽr horridi crines, 5, 2; S. 615, 1. Ongristlíce on stefne, Guthl. 5; Gdwin. 34, 26.
on-gryrelíc; adj. Horrible :-- Hí hine lǽddon on ðám ongryrlícan (-gryslícan ?) fiðerum, Guthl. 5; Gdwin. 36, 24.
on-gunnenness, e; f. An undertaking :-- Hé bæd ðæt hé ða árfæstan ongunnennysse gefylde pstiit eum pia coepta complere, Bd. 3, 23; S. 554, 40.
on-gyldan, -gynness, -gyrede, -gytan. v. on-gildan, -ginness, -girwan, -gitan.
on-hádian to degrade from holy orders :-- Gif preóst óðerne man ofsleá . . . hine biscep onhádige, L. Alf. pol. 21; Th. i. 76, 1.
on-hǽle adj. Whole, entire :-- Gemengde beóþ onhǽlo gelác engla and deófla the entire hosts of angels and devils shall be joined together, Exon. Th. 56, 5; Cri. 896.
on-hǽle adj. Secret, hidden :-- Ne lǽt ðú ðínne ferþ onhíélne, dégol ðæt ðú deópost cunne, nelle ic ðé mín dyrne gesecgan, gif ðú mé dínne hygecræft hylest, Exon. Th. 333, 9; Gn. Ex. 1. Gif mec onhǽle án onfindeþ, ðǽr ic wíc búge (cf. gif ic mǽgburge mót míne gelǽdan on dégolne weg, 397, 15-17), 396, 19; Rä. 16, 7. Wíd is ðes wésten, wræcsetla fela, eardas onhǽle earmra gǽsta, 121, 7; Gú. 268: 123, 13; Gú. 322. Wið onhǽlum ealdorgewinnum against secret and deadly foes, 134. 9: Gú. 505.
on-hǽled infirm, ill :-- Ða ðe on unhǽle (onhǽlede, MS. C.) wǽron, Ors. 4, 4; Bos. 80, 40.
on-hǽtan.. I. to heat :-- Hét hé ðone stán onhǽtan, Ors. 4, 8; Swt. 186, 19. Blód onhǽtan, Salm. Kmbl. 88; Sal. 43. Ofn onhǽtan, Cd. Th. 229, 31; Dan. 225. Onhǽted, 231, 7; Dan. 243. Ðá ðæt (the brazen bull) onhǽt wæs, Ors. l, 12; Swt. 54, 28. II. of violent emotion, to inflame :-- Hira mód ne beóþ onhǽt mid nánre manunge, Past. 52; Swt. 411, 7. Heorte is onhǽted. Judth. Thw. 22, 30; Jud. 87.
on-hagian; p. ode; v. impers. with dat. or acc. of pers. To be within a person's power or means, to be in accordance with a person's will or convenience :-- Eádig byþ se ðe ðam þearfan gefultumaþ, gif hine tó onhagaþ (if it be in his power); gif hine ne onhagaþ, ðonne ne lícaþ him his earfoþu, Ps. Th. 40, 1. Mé ne onhagaþ nú ða bóc ealle tó asmæáganne, Shrn. 200, 22. Ðonne hit (the mind) onhagaþ tó ðǽm úteran si facultas exterior suppetat, Past. 53, 6; Swt. 17, 13. Ne anhagode heora cyninge ðæt hé wið hió mehte búton fæstenne gefeohtan. Ors. 4, 5; Swt. 168, 21. Hié hergodon ǽghwǽr be ðam sǽ ðǽr hié onhagode (wherever it suited them), Chr. 918; Erl. 102, 25. Ðá seó fyrd gesomnod wæs ðá ne onhagode heom ðártó búton ðæt wǽre ðæt se cyng ðǽr mid wǽre they would not be satisfied unless the king were there too, 1016; Erl. 153. 27. Ðæra hálgena þrowunga ðe mé tó onhagode on Englisc tó áwendene that I have had the opportunity of translating into English, Homl. Skt. i. pref. 37. Gelǽste binnan twelf mónþum búton hire ǽr tó onhagige unless it be convenient to pay earlier, L. C. S. 74; Th. i. 416, 17. Gif hine tó swá mycelum ne onhagige si tantum facultatis ei non suppetat, L. Ecg. P. iv. 60; Th. ii. 222, 3. Gif hine onhagige (si facultatem habeat), gefreóge ǽnne man, ii. 24; Th. ii. 192, 12: L. Pen. 14; Th. ii. 282, 9-12: Homl. Th. i. 180, 12. Ðone dǽl ðe him to onhagige, 398, 17. Gif ðé onhagige, ðæt ðú hit (the law) healdan mǽge, far ðú in; gif ðé ne onhagige, far ðé freoh ðider ðú wille, R. Ben. 97, 23. Ða hýrsumnesse beginne ðeáh hine hwón onhagige though he have little power (or inclination), 128, 19. Gif mon tó gódum weorcum ne onhagie habban gódne willan if people have not the means for good works, let them have good will, Bt. 41, 2; Fox 246, 10.
on-hatan to promise :-- Hyre nales frætwe onhéht, Exon. Th. 249, 28; Jul. 118. Ðæt ic deófolgieldum gaful onháte, 251, 27; Jul. 151. [Cf. O. H. Ger. ant-heizan vovere, spondere, polliceri: O. Sax. ant-hétan.]
on-hátian to grow hot :-- Onhátode incanduisset, Wrt. Voc. ii. 47, 4.
on-heaw, es; m. A block to hew on :-- Onheáwas codices, Wrt. Voc. ii. 104, 38: 135, 60: 14, 62. [M. H. Ger. ane-hou incus.]
on-hebban; p. -hóf (the weak form -hefde also occurs); pp. -hafen. I. to lift up, raise (the eyes, voice):--Ðonne ic mec onhæbbe, and hí onhnígaþ tó mé, Exon. Th. 412, 28; Rä. 31. 7. Ðá onhóf Laurentius his égan up, Shrn. 116, 4. Petrus onhóf his stefne, Blickl. Homl. 149, 21. II. to raise (as barm does), to leaven :-- Ne ete gé nán þing onhafenes. Ex. 12, 19. III. to take up, begin (cf. Icel. hefja to begin):--Ic ðás unhýrlícan fers onhefde mid sange, Dóm. L. 2, 11. IV. to take away :-- Óþ ðæt onhafen biþ (auferatur) se móna, Ps. Spl. 71. 7. V. metaph. to lift up, exalt (generally in a bad sense):--Ǽlc ðæra ðe hine onhefþ, hé sceal beón geeádmét. Homl. Th. i. 202, 33. Ǽlc ðe hine anhefþ, hé biþ geneoþerad, and ǽlc ðe hine geneoþeraþ, hé biþ mid weorþmynte onhafen. . . . Ac hwæt gif ic mín mód on módignesse anhófe? R. Ben. 22, 11-19. Ða de God ondrǽdaþ, and hý þurh heora gódan dǽda ne anhebbaþ, 4, 2. Héo éðelþrym onhóf, rýmde and rǽrde, Cd. Th. 98, 23; Gen. 1634. Ic tǽhte ðám rícan, ðæt hí ne onhófon hí, Homl. Th. i. 378, 18. Ne onhebbe hine nán man on his weorcum, ii. 80, 29. v. an-, á-hebban, -hefan, and next word.
on-hefedness, e; f. Exaltation :-- Gif wé ðone hróf ðære heálícan eáðmódnesse getellan willaþ and tó ðære heofonlícan anhefednesse cuman þencaþ, R. Ben. 23, 2.
on-heldan, -heldedness. v. on-hildan, -hildedness.
on-hende; adj. On hand, demanding attention :-- Hié forgeátan ðara útera gefeohta ðe him anhende wǽron, Ors. 2, 6; Swt. 88, 24. [Cf. Icel. á-hendr within reach.] v. of-hende.
on-herian, -hering. v. on-hyrian, -hyring.
on-hetting, e; f. Persecution :-- Onhettincga persecutiones, Hpt. Gl. 476, 17. v. hettend.
on-hildan, -hieldan, -heldan, -hyldan. I. trans. (1) of actual motion, to lean, incline, recline, bend down :-- Onheldeþ hine and falleþ inclinabit se et cadet, Ps. Surt. 9, 31. Se biscop hine onhylde tó ánre ðære studa, Bd. 3, 17; S. 543, 37: 4, 9; S. 577, 7. Hé his heáfod onhylde swá swá hé slápan wolde, 3, 11; S. 536, 30: 4, 24; S. 599, 6: Exon. Th. 178, 14; Gú. 1244. Walle onhældum parieti inclinato, Ps. Surt. 61, 4. Onhylded reclinem, Wrt. Voc. ii. 78, 80. (2) metaphorically (a) with the idea of favourable disposition towards a person or thing, to incline :-- Tó mé ðín eáre onhyld, Ps. Th. 101, 2. His breósð síen onhielde tó forgiefnesse, Past. 10, l; Swt. 61, 12. Onhelded wið ðæs gecyndes, Met. 13, ll. (b) with the idea of subjection, to bow, bend :-- Mid hwelcum monnum mágon gé onheldon eówra feónda swyrbán, Shrn. 86, 22. (c) to turn from the right course :-- Hié onhældon in ðé yfel declinaverunt in te mala, Ps. Surt. 20, 12. (d) to cause to sink :-- Onhælde sind ríce inclinata sunt regna, 45, 7. II. intrans. To decline, deviate, incline, sink :-- Heofones gym west onhylde, Exon. Th. 174, 32; Gú. 1186. Onhylde (onhældeþ, Ps. Surt.) of ðysum on ðys (inclinavit), Ps. Spl. 74, 8. Alle onhældon omnes declinaverunt, Ps. Surt. 13, 3. Onheldan declinare, 16, 11. Onhældende declinantes, 100, 4.
on-hildedness, e; f. Declining :-- Onheldednis declinatio, Ps. Surt. 72, 4.
on-hindan; adv. Behind :-- Womb wæs onhindan áþrunten, Exon. Th. 419, 6; Rä. 38, 1. Ǽtterne tægel hafaþ onhindan, Fragm. Kmbl. 38; Leas. 21.
on-hinderling; adv. Back :-- Onhinderling hweorfaþ míne feóndas convertentur inimici mei retrorsum, Ps. Th. 55, 8: 69, 3. v. on-bæcling.
on-hirdan to comfort, strengthen, encourage :-- Manegum wearþ hige onhyrded þurh his hálig word, Apstls. Kmbl. 105; Ap. 53: Elen. Kmbl. 1678; El. 841.
on-hlídan; p. -hlád. I. trans. To open, unclose :-- Onhlídest (aperis) ðú ðíne handa, Ps. Th. 144, 17. Undóþ eówre geatu, and onhlídaþ ða écan geata, 23, 7, 9. Deáþræced heolstorcofan onhliden weorþaþ, Exon. Th. 201, l; Ph. 49. Ðæ-acute;r biþ open eádgum tðgeánes, onhliden hleóðra wyn, heofonríces dura, 198, 18; Ph. 12. Carcernes duru opene fundon, onhliden hamera geweorc, Andr. Kmbl. 2155; An. 1079. II. intrans. To be disclosed, to appear :-- Óþ ðæt wuldres gim onhlád until the sun shewed itself, 2539; An. 1271.
on-hnígan. I. trans. To bend down, bow, press down :-- Onhnígaþ incumbunt, Wülck. Gl. 255, 11. Onhnígendre grassante, Hpt. Gl. 421, 19. Biþ wuhta gehwilc onhnigen tó hrúsan. Met. 31, 13. Onhnigenum heáfde simle his gesyhþa ádúna on eorþan besette, R. Ben. 31, 8. II. intrans. To bend down, bow :-- Hí onhnígaþ tó mé, Exon. Th. 412, 29; Rä. 31, 7. Ealle eáðmódlíce tó Criste sylfum onhnigan, Blickl. Homl. 203, 23 : Cd. Th. 227, 3; Dan. 181. Man mæg tó ðǽm lástum onhnÉgan, and ða cyssan, Blickl. Homl. 127, 10.
on-hohsnian (?) to abominate, detest :-- Ðæt onhohsnode (MS. on-hohsnod, the s has bees afterwards inserted between the h and n) Hemninges mǽg, Beo. Th. 3892; B. 1944. Cf. on-hyscan.
on-hrægel, es; n. A covering, sheet :-- Wæfelsum, onhræglum sabanis, Hpt. Gl. 490, 43.
on-hreódan to adorn (?). v. on-reoóan.
on-hréran. I. of actual movement, to stir, agitate, move violently :-- Ðonne hí (the waves) wind onhréreþ, Ps. Th. 88, 3 : Met. 7, 27. Ðonne micla ýsta onhréraþ hronmere, 5, 10. Fiscas ðe onhréraþ hreó wǽgas, Exon. Th. 194, 19; Az. 141. Eorþan ðú onhrérdest commovisti terram, Ps. Th. 59, 2. Onhrérdan, 76, 15. Ðonne hine mon drincan welle, onhrére eft, Lchdm. ii. 270, 13. Ne mæg him se flǽschoma hond onhréran, Exon. Th. 311, 22; Seef. 96. Eorþe biþ onhréred of hire stówe, Blickl. Homl. 91, 36. Lyft wæs onhréred, Cd. Th. 208, 13; Exod. 482. Grund is onhréred, deópe gedréfed, Andr. Kmbl. 786; An. 393. II. metaph. to move, disturb, agitate :-- Ðone, ungeþyldegan swíðe lytel scúr ðære costunga mæg onhréran (-hrǽran, Hatt. MS.), Past. 33; Swt. 224, 5. Ne mǽg hine ǽnig onhréran (non commovebitur), ðe eardfæst byþ on Hierusalem, Ps. Th. 124, 1. Eall heofena mægen biþ onwended and onhréred, Blickl. Homl. 91, 28. III. of emotions, to stir up, arouse, excite :-- Mægen wæs onhréred, Cd. Th. 192, 4; Exod. 226. Wæs merefixa mód enhréred, Beo. Th. 1103; B. 549. Hete wæs onhréred, 5101; B. 2554: Andr. Kmbl. 2606; An. 1304: 2788; An. 1396.
on-hrínan; with gen. dat. To touch :-- Sió sunne ne onhrínþ nó ðæs dǽles ðæs heofenes ðe se móna on irnþ, ne se móna nó ne onhrínþ ðæs dǽles ðe sió sunne on irnþ, Bt. 39, 13; Fox 232, 27-29. Ða hundas. . . his náne onhrinon, Shrn. 145, 5. Ðá ne onhrán ðæt fýr him, 53, 24. Onhrín ðissum muntum tange montes, Ps. Th. 143, 6.
on-hrine (?), es; m. Touch :-- Ne ðe ǽniges yfeles onhrine (onryne, MS. B.) dereþ, Lchdm. i. 328, 1. Cf. æt-hrine.
on-hróp, es; m. I. importunate clamour, importunity :-- For his onhrópe hé áríst and sylþ him his neóde propter inprobitatem surget, et dabit illi quod habet necessarios, Lk. Skt. 11, 8: Homl. Th. i. 248, 32. Se brððor ðe hine synderlíce gebiddan wile, ne sý gelet mid (þurh, W. F.) æniges óðres onhrópe, R. Ben. 81, 9. II. abusive language, reproach :-- Hosp ɫ onhróp improperium, Ps. Lamb. 68, 20. [Cf. O. H. Ger. ana-ruof appetitio.] v. hróp.
on-hupian to draw back, recoil :-- Ðonne ðæt mód ongit hine selfne on swelcne spild forlǽd ðonne wiðtremþ hé and onhupaþ and ondrǽt him ðæt ðæt hé ǽr lufode dum mens sese in praecipitium pervenisse deprehendit, gressum post terga revocet, pertimescens quae amaverat, Past. 58, 2; Swt. 441, 28. [Cf. Icel. hopa aptr, á hæl, undan to draw back.]
on-hwelan to resound :-- Onhwileþ reboat, Wrt. Voc. ii. 94, 74. v. hwelan.
on-hweorfan; p. -hwearf. I. trans. To change, reverse :-- Metod onhweorfeþ heortan ðíne (of Nebuchadnezzar's transformation), Cd. Th. 251, 27; Dan. 570. Hé cwide (the curse pronounced against Adam) eft onhwearf, Exon. Th. 39, 7; Cri. 618. Eft is ðæt onhworfen, is nú swá hit nó wǽre freóndscipe uncer, 443, 2; Kl. 23. Hwý is ðis gold ádeorcad and ðæt æðeleste hiew hwý wearþ hit onhworfen quomodo obscuratum est aurum, mutatus est color optimus, Past. 18, 3; Swt. 133, 11. II. intrans. To change, turn, revert :-- Manegum cyninge onhwearf se anweald and se wela óþ ðæt hé eft wearþ wædla qui reges felicitatem calamitate mutaverint, Bt. 29, 1; Fox 102, 13. Hé (Nebuchadnezzar) eft onhwearf wódan gewittes, Cd. Th. 255, 21; Dan. 627. v. next word.
on-hwirfan; p. de. I. to turn (of actual motion), (a) trans. :-- Ic mé wille nú onhwyrfan tó ðisse bǽre, Blickl. Homl. 151, 14. (b) intrans. :-- Swá swá hweól onhwerfþ, Bt. 33, 4; Fox 132, 13. II. to invert, transpose :-- Agof (boga) is mín noma eft onhwyrfed, Exon. Th. 405, 13; Rä. 24, 1. III. to change, turn :-- Mé onhwyrfdon ða mé grome wurdon of ðære gecynde ðe ic ǽr cwic beheóld, 485, 24; Rä. 72, 2. Ðú geómrast forðam ðe seó woruldsǽlþ onhwyrfed is, Bt. 7, 1: Fox 16, 9. v. preceding word.
on-hwirfedness, e; f. Change, mutation :-- Sóð God búton ǽlcere onhwerfednesse, Shrn. 167, 34.
on-hyreness, e; f. Imitation :-- Ðone weg ðære onhyrenesse viam imitationis, Past. 16, 4; Swt. 103, 14. Tó onhyrenesse (ad imitationem) ðæra eádigra apostola, Bd. 4, 28; S. 606, 26: 1, 27; S. 492, 23.
on-hyrian; p. ede To imitate, emulate (with dat. acc.):--Hwílum ic onhyrge gúþfugles hleóþor, Exon. Th. 406, 20; Rä. 25, 4: 391, 2; Rä. 9, 10. Mon onhyreþ dysegum neátum homo comparatus est jumentis insipientibus, Ps. Th. 48, 11. Se ðe hit gehýreþ hé onhyreþ ðam ad imitandum bonum auditor sollicitus instigatur, Bd. pref.; S. 471, 15: Bt. 41, 5; Fox 254, 5. Ða cild onhyriaþ ealdum monnum, 36, 5; Fox 180, 10. Ðonne wé onhyrigaþ Criste, Past. 51; Swt. 397, 1. Ðæt hý ne onhyredon ðǽm yfelwillendum, Ps. Th. 36, arg. Ne onhyre (emulatus fueris) ðam ðe byþ orsorh, 36, 7. Onhyriaþ, 36, 1. Ne ðú ne onhere ne emuleris, Kent. Gl. 58. Ne onherie ne emuletur, 885. Ðæt wé onhyrigen ðǽm þeáwum, Past. 34; Swt. 231, 3: Swt. 229, 15. Onhyrgean wé ðone blindan, Blickl. Homl. 21, 9. Wé sceolan onherian Marian ðære ðe smerede Hǽlendes fét, 75, 11. Onhyrian (-hirian, Cott. MS.), Bt. 40, 4; Fox 240, 4: Bd. 1, 7; S. 477, 2. Ðæt onhyrian woldan, 4, 3; S. 569, 43. Heora líf onhyrian wolde, 4, 13; S. 582, 24: 5, 9; S. 622, 12. Onhyrigean, 1, 26; S. 487, 32. Onhyrgan, 3, 18; S. 545, 43. Hé ðære frymþelícan cyrican líf wæs onhyrigende, 1, 26; S. 487, 28: 4, 23; S. 593, 15. Onhyrgende, L. Ecg. P. iv. 68, 8; Th. ii. 228, 29.
on-hyriend, es; m. One who imitates or emulates :-- Onhyrgend emulatores, Wrt. Voc. ii. 31, 28. Onhyrgend[r]as, 85, 25.
on-hyring, e; f. Imitation, emulation :-- Anhering emulatio, Wrt. Voc. ii. 143, 48. Gód anda and anhering áscyreþ fram synna leahtrum, and lǽt tó Gode, R. Ben. 131, 13. Ðonne wé onhyrigaþ Criste and eác ða onhyringe gefyllaþ tunc legem Christi imitando complemus, Past. 51, 3; Swt. 397, 2.
on-hyscan; p. te. I. to mock, make a jest of :-- Drihten onhnyscþ (? -hyscþ, MS. T.) hine Dominus irridebit eum, Ps. Spl. 36, 13. Ic wénde ðæt hí mec onhyscte illudi me a senibus existimavi, Nar. 25, 22. II. to reproach, abuse, speak ill of :-- Ðonne men eów onhiscaþ (exprobaverint), Lk. Skt. 6, 22. Gebiddaþ for ða ðe eów onhyscaþ (-hisceaþ) pro calumniantibus vos, 6, 28. Ðæt man ða onhisce swýðe for worulde and hý unweorðige, Wulfst. 168, 6: 70, 12. III. to detest :-- Ic unrihta gehwylc onhyscte iniquitatem abominatus sum, Ps. Th. 118, 163. Hí onhysctan ǽghwylcne mete omnem escam abominata est anima eorum, 106, 17.
on-in within :-- Onin mé intra me, Ps. Spl. 38, 4.
on-irnan to yield, give way :-- Duru sóna onarn fýrbendum fæst, syððan hé hire folmum [hrán], Beo. Th. 1447; B. 721. Duru sóna onarn þurh handhrine háliges gástes, Andr. Kmbl. 1998; An. 1000. [O. H. Ger. int-rinnan evadere, abire, profugere.]
on-irning, e; f. Attack, assault :-- Diówlíca onerninge tósliteno beón diabolica incursione lacerari, Rtl. 36, 1.
on-íwan to shew :-- Drihten ús lífes wegas anýweþ, R. Ben. 3, 5. Ic ðé bidde ðæt ðú mé ðé onýwe, St. And. 10, 14. Seó hlǽdder ðe Jacobe on swefne wearþ anýwed, R. Ben. 23, 5.
on-lǽnan; p. de; with gen. or acc. of the loan. I. to lend, grant :-- Ic eów onlǽne ðás gewítendan, and ic eów geselle ða þurhwuniendan, Past. 46, 5; Swt. 351, 13. Se cræft ðe him Crist onlǽnþ, Met. 10, 37. Hé úre ðé onlǽnde æfter his bebodum tó brúcanne, Bt. 7, 5; Fox 24, 9. Gif hwá his wǽpnes óðrum onlǽne, L. Alf. pol. 19; Th. i. 74, 3: L. In. 29; Th. i. 120, 10, 12, 14. Hí ðé onlǽnde wǽron, Bt. 7, 3; Fox 20, 6. II. to lease, let :-- Denewulf and ða hýwan on Wintanceastre ænlǽnaþ Ælfréde his deg XL. hída landes, Chart. Th. 147, 27. Cf. on-león.
on-lǽtan. I. to release, relax :-- Ðonne forstes bend Fæder onlǽteþ, Beo. Th. 3223; B. 1609. Ðonne him sigera weard his gewealdleðer wille onlǽtan, Met. 11, 28, 75. II. to let a thing go on, to continue :-- Tó anlǽtenne continuanda, Wrt. Voc. ii. 135, 19. Fæstan twegen dagas on ðære wucan, bútan hý ouermicel geswinc habben. Gif hý út an æcere wurc habben, ðæs middæges gereord is singallíce tó anlǽtenne (on-, MS. T.), R. Ben. 66, 1.
on-lang; prep. Along :-- Onlong Mǽse, Chr. 882; Erl. 82, 7. v. and-lang.
on-léc, es; m. On-look, regard :-- Onléce respectu, intuitu, Hpt. Gl. 487, 50. v. léc.
on-leccan(?) to reproach, blame :-- Onlehton (bysmrydon, MS. C.) irritaverunt, Ps. Spl. T. 105, 8. Cf. hosp (on leccungæ, MS. T.: tó bysmre, MS. C.) irrita, 88, 34, and see læcing.
on-lecgende on-lying :-- Wyrc him onlecgende sealfe, Lchdm. ii. 200, 8.
on-legen, e; f. An on-laying, (medicinal) application :-- Onlegen (GREEK) tó trymmanne ðone magan, Lchdm. ii. 180, 24. Mid onlegene swá swá mon of swelcum þingum wyrcþ . . . Lácna mid onlegena beres, 82, 14-24. Gesodene wuduæpla and hlafes cruman and swilce onlegena, 190, 15.
on-leóhtness, e; f. Illumination; illuminatio, Ps. Lamb. 138, 11. v. on-líhtness.
on-león; p. -láh, -leáh; pl. -ligon; pp. -ligen. I. to grant the loan of something (gen. of loan):--Gielde se ðæs wǽpnes onláh, L. Alf. pol. 19; Th. i. 74, 6: Beo. Th. 2939; B. 1467. Onligenre inpactae, Wrt. Voc. ii. 111, 31. II. to grant, bestow :-- Sum ǽhta onlíhþ, sum biþ wonspédig, Exon. Th. 295, 9; Crä. 30. Metod onláh Médum aldordómes, Cd. Th. 258, 25; Dan. 681. Ungelíc ðam óðrum stede ðe mé men hearra onlág, 23, 12; Gen. 358. Hé mé láre onlág, Elen. Kmbl. 2489; El. 1246. God hyre sigores onleáh, Judth. Thw. 23, 16; Jud. 124.
on-lésan, -lésness. v. on-lísan, -lísness.
on-líc; adj. Like, similar :-- Heáp synnigra híge onlíc, Ps. Th. 91, 6. Gelamp óðer wundor ðissum onlíc, Blickl. Homl. 219, 7: 223, 14. Eal hé ǽr on onlíc weorc áteáh, 215, 5. Manigfeald onlíc wundor ðysum ðǽr wǽrom æteówed, 209, 14. Monige sindon mé suíðe onlíce on ungelǽrednesse, Past. proem.; Swt. 25, 7. Se is lyfte onlícusð on hiwe, 14; Swt. 85, 5. Se fugel is onlícost peán, Exon. Th. 219, 25; Ph. 312. Onlícust, 189, 20; Az. 62. v. an-líc.
on-líce; adv. Like, in like manner :-- Ealle ða ríca forheregian . . . swíðe onlíce ðam micelan flóde, Bt. 16, 1; Fox 50, 6: Met. 8, 47: Elen. Kmbl. 197; El. 99. Onlícost dydon swelce him nǽfre ǽr ðæm gelíc yfel an ne becóme, Ors. 3, 10; Swt. 140, 10: Past. 17; Swt. 123, 7. v. an-líce.
on-lícness, e; f. Likeness, image :-- Idese onlícnes the form of a woman, Beo. Th. 2706; B. 1351: Andr. Kmbl. 1461; An. 731. Hé hæfþ mon geworhtne æfter his onlícnesse, Cd. Th. 25, 19; Gen. 396; Exon. Th. 424, 10; Rä. 41, 37. v. an-lícness.
on-líhtan, -leóhtan. I. of places or things, to illumine, make bright, cause to shine, (a) literally:--Mycel leóht onleóhte ðæt carcern, St. And. 4, 4. Óþ ðæt ðære sunnan leóman hine (the moon) eft onlíhton, Lchdm. iii. 240, 27. Onleóhtende inluminans, Hymn. Surt. 15, 22. Ealle steorran weorþaþ onlíhte and gebirhte of ðære sunnan, Bt. 34, 5; Fox 140, 5. (b) metaph.:--God onlýhteþ (illuminet) andwlitan his ofer ús, Ps. Spl. 66, 1. Onlýht (inlustra) ansíne ðín ofer þeów ðínne, 30, 20. Tó hwon yldestú middangeard tó onlýhtenne, Blickl. Homl. 7, 33. II. of persons, (a) to give sight to, make the sight clear :-- Drihten blinde on heora eágum onleóhteþ Dominus illuminat caecos. Ps. Th. 145, 7. Heó gegódaþ and onlíht ðæra eágena scearpnysse, Lchdm. i. 72, 15. Ðæt se ylca ða dohter ðæs ealdormannes blinde onlíhte, Bd. 1, 18; S. 484, 30. Ðæt wundor worhte, ðæt hé ðone blindan onlýhte, Blickl. Homl. 19, 19. Mon geseah hine blinde onlýhtende, 177, 15. Ðá geseah hé sóna gesundfullum eágum, þurh ðone ylcan onlíht ðe hine ǽr áblende, H. R. 107, 28: Homl. Skt. i. 21, 275. (b) to clear the mental vision, to enlighten :-- Sóð leóht ðæt onlýht ǽlcne man, Jn. Skt. 1, 9. Se hálga Gást ealle ða englas onlíht, Ælfc. T. Grn. 2, 14. Worda mé ðínra wíse onleóhteþ, Ps. Th. 118, 130. Ne onlíhtaþ hí nánht ðæs módes eágan, Bt. 34, 8; Fox 144, 32. Ðú simle míne sáwle onlíhtest, Homl. Th. i. 74, 31. Hé hié onlýhte mid ðæs Hálgan Gástes gife, Blickl. Homl. 145, 6. Onliht ða eágan úres módes mid ðínum leóhte, Bt. 33, 4; Fox 132, 33: Ps. Th. 12, 4. Onleóht heorte manna, Hymn. Surt. 23, 1. Crist mæg ðíne nytennysse onlíhtan, Homl. Skt. i. 5, 200. Manegum wearþ mód onlíhted, Apstls. Kmbl. 104; Ap. 52. Wé wurdon onlíhte þurh geleáfan, Homl. Th. i. 154, 21. Onlýhte, Blickl. Homl. 161, 14. III. to give light (with dat.):--Ðæt hit onlíhte eallum ðe on ðam húse synt, Mt. Kmbl. 5, 15. Onlíhtan ðám ðe on þýstrum sittaþ, Lk. Skt. 1, 79. IV. intrans. To shine :-- Ic onlíhte oððe scýne luceo, Ælfc. Gr. 35; Som. 38, 8. Sæterdæg onlýhte (inlucescebat), Lk. Skt. 23, 54. Onlíhton (illuxerunt) lígrascas ðíne, Ps. Spl. 76, 18: 96, 4. Heora wegas onlíhton, Blickl. Homl. 137, 2. Swá onlíhte (luceat) eówer leóht, Mt. Kmbl. 5, 16. Onlióhte inlucescat, Kent. Gl. 206.
on-líhting, e; f. Illumination, enlightening :-- Onlýhtinga illuminatio, Ps. Spl. 43, 5. Onlíhtinge, Ps. Lamb. 26, 1. Onlíhting, 138, 11. On onlíhtinge fýres, 77, 14.
on-líhtness, e; f. Illumination :-- Onlýhtnes (-líhtnes, Ps. Lamb.) illuminatio, Ps. Spl. 26, 1: 43, 5. Seó onlýhtnes Cristes godspelles, Bd. 2, 9; S. 511, 10: 2, 2; S. 502, 29. v. on-leóhtness.
on-lísan. I. to unloose (real or metaphorical bonds):--Ðæt bearn benda onlýseþ, Exon. Th. 5, 12; Cri. 68. Hé ða tungan onlýsde, Blickl. Homl. 167, 10. Hire bendas wǽron onlýsede, 89, 25. Onlýsde, 87, 36. II. to release, deliver, liberate :-- Mín líf of ðære écean forwyrde ðú onlýsdest, 89, 4. Cyning onlésde (solvit) hine, Ps. Surt. 104, 20. Tó onliésanne ða gehæftan on helle, Past. 58; Swt. 443, 10. Siððan seó sáwl of ðam carcerne ðæs líchoman onliésed biþ, Bt. 18, 4; Fox 68, 15. Onlésed, unsǽled desolutus, i. liberatus, Wrt. Voc. ii. 139, 29: 138, 50. Swá hwylcne swá hé on eorþan álýsde, ðæt se wǽre on heofonum onlýsed, Blickl. Homl. 49, 18. Fram swá myclum cwylmnessum onlýsed beón, Bd. 4, 9; S. 577, 10: 5, 19; S. 639, 42. Onlýsed ðý líchaman solutus corpore, 3, 19; S. 548, 29.
on-lísness, e; f. Deliverance, redemption :-- Ða ðe on helle synt biddaþ ðínre onlésnesse ask for deliverance by thee, Blickl. Homl. 81, 23: 67, 3. Onlésnisse redemtio, Lk. Skt. Lind. Rush. 21, 28.
on-líðian to become pliant, to yield :-- Sceal hira ánra gehwylc onlútan and onlíðigan ðe hafaþ læsse mægen, Salm. Kmbl. 713; Sal. 356.
on-lóciend, es; m. An on-looker, spectator :-- Heó wæs swíðe lufigendlíc eallum onlóciendum, Anglia ix. 30, 97.
on-lúcan. I. literally, to unlock, open :-- Ðæs ceasterhlides onlúcan . . . ða fæstan locu nǽnig óðer eft onlúceþ, Exon. Th. 20, 7-20. Onlaec reserat, Wrt. Voc. ii. 119, 2. Suelce ic gesáwe sume duru onlocene, Past. 21, 3; Swt. 155, 6. II. metaph. to open, disclose, reveal :-- Ðæt word ðære þreáunge is cǽg forðam hit oft onlýcþ (anlýcþ, Hatt. MS.) and geopenaþ ða scylde clavis est sermo correptionis; quia culpam detegit, Past. 15, 2; Swt. 90, 11. Hié ne ongietaþ ná hú suíðe hié onlúcaþ hiera mód mid ðæm unþeáwe ofermétta quantum se vitiis superbiendo aperiat, non agnoscit, 38, 1; Swt. 271, 22. Módhord onleác and ðus wordum cwæþ, Andr. Kmbl. 344; An. 172. Leóþucræft onleác, Elen. Kmbl. 2499; El. 1251. Wordhord onleác, Beo. Th. 524; B. 259. Engla helm tuddorspéd onleác (revoked the sentence of barrenness), Cd. Th. 166, 24; Gen. 2752. Hwylc ðæs hordgates, cǽgan cræfte, ða clamme onleác, Exon. Th. 429, 30; Rä. 43, 12. Wærc in gewód líchord onleác pain hath invaded me, hath opened to itself a way within my body, 163, 31; Gú. 1002: 170, 26; Gú. 1117. Ðæt mon onlúce ða heardan heortan duritiam cordis aperire, Past. 21, 3; Swt. 155, 2. Onlúcan gástes cǽgon, Cd. Th. 211, 6; Exod. 522. Ic hæbbe lárcræftas onlocen, Salm. Kmbl. 5; Sal. 3.
on-lútan to lout, bend down, bow :-- Hé onlýtt tó ðissum eorþlícum, suá ðæt neát for gífernesse onlýt tó ðære eorþan, Past. 21, 3; Swt. 157, 2-4. Ǽlc gesceaft ealle mægene symle onlýt wið his gecyndes, Met. 13, 66. Hié him tó onluton and hine weorþodan swá cinige geríseþ, Blickl. Homl. 69, 31: 87, 7. Anlúte him eáðmódlíce tó mid ðam heáfde, R. Ben. 83, 11. Hira sceal ánra gehwylc onlútan, ðe hafaþ læsse mægen, Salm. Kmbl. 713; Sal. 356. Ǽlc gesceaft biþ heald onloten (-locen, Fox) wið hire gecynde, Bt. 25; Fox 88, 7.
on-lýhtan, -lýhting, -lýhtness, -lýsan. v. on-líhtan, -líhting, -líhtness, -lísan.
on-mǽlan to address :-- Him Babilone weard yrre andswarode, eorlum onmǽlde, grimme ðám gingum oncwæþ, Cd. Th. 229, 1; Dan. 210.
on-mang; prep. with dat. Among :-- Onmang folce, Lev. 24, 10: Homl. Skt. i. 23, 92. Onmang óðrum mannum, 23, 478. Onmang ðam ðe hí on wópe wǽron whilst they were weeping, 23, 246.
on-mearcung, e; f. An inscription :-- Onmercunge inscribtionem, Lk. Skt. Rush. 12, 24.
on-médan(?) to take upon one's self, to presume (the following passage should be given under médan):--Ondsware ýwe se hine on méde wordum secgan hú se wudu hátte let him give answer, who will take upon himself to say in words, what the name of that wood is, Exon. Th. 437, 30; Rä. 56, 15. v. next word.
on-médla (-medla, Grimm, Grein), an; m. I. pride, glory, magnificence :-- Ald onmédla is gecyrred the glory of earlier times is changed, Elen. Kmbl. 2529; El. 1266. Ðæt geó guman heóldan, ðenden him on eorþan onmédla wæs, Exon. Th. 51, 13; Cri. 815. Dagas sind gewitene, ealle onmédlan eorþan ríces, 310, 27; Seef. 81. II. pride, arrogance, presumption :-- For onmédlan, Beo. Th. 5844; B. 2926. Him for onmǽdlan eorre geworden, Cd. Th. 291, 11; Sat. 429. III. courage, boldness :-- For hwam ne móton wé ealle mid onmédlan (boldly) gangan in Godes ríce, Salm. Kmbl. 704; Sal. 351. v. an-medla.
on-métan to paint, cover as with colour :-- Ðú mid sárlícre sceame onméttest (-meltest, Th.) perfudisti eum confusione, Ps. Th. 88, 38. v. á-métan.
on-middan; prep. Amid, in the middle of :-- Onmiddan ðæm hwǽte in medio tritici, Mt. Kmbl. 13, 25. Onmiddan ðám þýstrum, Bd. 5, 12; S. 628, 19. Onmiddan ðære byrig, Homl. Skt. i. 23, 609. Ómiddan eówrum sceáfum, Gen. 37, 7. v. á-middan, midde.
on-mirran to hinder, obstruct, disturb :-- Ic bebeóde ðæt ðisne freódóm nǽnig mínra æfterfylgendra eft ne onwende, ne on nǽnigum dǽlum hyne ne onmyrdon, Chart. Th. 390, 31. v. á-myrran.
on-mitta, an; m. A measure; exagium, Wrt. Voc. ii. 30, 49: 144, 45. v. an-mitta.
on-mód; adj. Bold, courageous, Exon. Th. 146, 29; Gú. 717. v. an-mód.
on-munan to esteem, consider (worthy), think (highly of). (a) with acc. of person and adj. denoting worth:--Búton ic openlíce gecýþe ðæt ic God sylfa sý, ne onmun ðú mé nánre áre wyrþne, Blickl. Homl. 181, 36. Ǽlc ðara ðe síe under ðæm gioke hláfordscipes hé sceal his hláford ǽghwelcre áre wierþne onmunan quicumque sunt sub jugo servi, dominos suos omni honore dignos arbitrentur, Past. 29; Swt. 201, 23. (b) with acc. of person alone:--Hé úsic on herge geceás tó ðyssum síðfæte, onmunde úsic mǽrþa he thought us fit for great deeds, Beo. Th. 5273. Ðá cuǽdon hié ðæt hié hié ðæs ne onmunden ðon má ðe eówre geféran then they said, that they did not consider themselves entitled to accept the offer, 'any more than your comrades did,' Chr. 755; Erl. 50, 24. Miclum geblissod ðæt hié God wolde onmunan swá micles ofer menn ealle Andrew was greatly rejoiced that God deemed his disciples worthy of such high regard beyond all men (in granting them the vision they had seen), Andr. Kmbl. 1789; An. 897.
on-nytt useless :-- Onnitte inutiles, Ps. Spl. 13, 4. v. un-nytt.
ono if :-- Ono nú ðæt wíf wel gedyrstgade si igitur bene praesumsit, Bd. 1, 27; S. 494, 19. Ono hé wiste hine on wónyssum geeácnodne, hé ðá geómrade hine fram scylde ácennedne qui enim in iniquitatibus conceptum se noverat, a delicto se natum gemebat, S. 495, 24. Ono (ond?) gif (si autem) hé gehæfted wæs, hwæt hé ðonne ne feaht, S. 497, 37: 3, 24; S. 557, 29. [Cf. (?) Goth. an: O. H. Ger. inu, enu.]
on-orettan to perform with effort, to accomplish (a difficult undertaking):--Nó hé ofer Offan eorlscype fremede (he did not excel Offa), ac Offa geslóg cyneríca mǽst; nǽnig efeneald him eorlscipe máran onorette áne sweorde no one of equal age had done such heroic deeds, Exon. Th. 321, 4; Víd. 41. Iudiscféða án onorette uncúð gelád the tribe of Judah by itself performed the difficult and unknown course (the passage of the Red Sea), Cd. Th. 197, 25; Exod. 313.
on-orþung, e; f. A breathing in or on :-- Fram onorþunge (inspiratione) gástes yrres ðínes, Ps. Lamb. 17, 16.
onoþa, an; f. Fear :-- Onoþa formido, Wrt. Voc. ii. 35, 75. Anoþa, 109, 3. [Cf. anathe sollicitudine, cura in Papias, quoted by Graff. i. 267.]
on-pennian to unpen, open :-- Ðæt wæter, ðonne hit biþ gepynd, hit miclaþ . . . Ac gif sió pynding wierþ onpennad, ðonne tófléwþ hit eall, Past. 38, 6; Swt. 277, 8.
on-rád, e; f. Riding on horseback :-- Sécen hié him broc on onráde and on wǽne let them seek for themselves fatigue in riding on horseback and in a carriage, Lchdm. ii. 184, 13.
on-ræfniendlíc; adj. Intolerable; intolerabilis, Ps. Spl. 123, 4.
on-rǽs, es; m. On-rush, attack, assault, violent motion :-- Onrǽs impetus, Ælfc. Gr. 11; Som. 15, 12. Flódes onrǽs fluminis impetus, Ps. Spl. 45, 4: Ps. Surt. ii. 189, 40. Hyne þurhþýdde mid egeslícum onhrǽse, Homl. Skt. i. 3, 274. Onrǽs irruptionem, Hpt. Gl. 464, 66. Ðone onrǽs his hátheortnesse fervoris sui impetu, Past. 40, 5; Swt. 297, 20.
on-rǽsa (?), an; m. Attack, irruption :-- Onrǽsan inruptiones, Wrt. Voc. ii. 45, 1.
on-reádan; p. -reód To redden, stain :-- Onreód inbuit, Wrt. Voc. ii. 111, 65. v. on-reódan.
onred, es; m. (?) The name of some plant :-- Onred, hámwyrt . . . onredes einfela, Lchdm. ii. 104, 14-15. Genim onred, 270, 26.
on-reódan; p. -reád To redden :-- Brynegield onreád (-hread, MS.) rommes blóde, Cd. Th. 177, 18; Gen. 2931. v. reódan.
on-riht; adj. Right, proper :-- Se wuldorcyning gesette ýðum heora onrihtne ryne, Cd. Th. 10, 35; Gen. 167. v. on-rihtlíce and next word.
on-riht, es; n. A right(?):--Hálige þeóde, Israéla cyn, onriht Godes God's peculiar people, Cd. Th. 200, 18; Exod. 358. [Cf. Icel. eiga rétt á einum to have rights over a person.]
on-rihtlíce; adv. Rightly, duly :-- Ða láreówas sceolan synfullum mannum tǽcan, ðæt hié heora synna cunnon onrihtlíce geandettan, Blickl. Homl. 43, 16.
on-rihtwísness, e; f. Unrighteousness, iniquity :-- Onrihtwísnyssum iniquitatibus, Ps. Spl. 52, 2.
on-rísan to arise :-- Mín yrre onríst ongén hig irascetur furor meus contra eum, Deut. 31, 17.
on-ryne, es; m. I. a running on, course :-- Onryne tíde cursu temporis, Hymn. Surt. 36, 8. II. a running on or against, an attack :-- Ne ðé ǽniges yfeles onryne (anryne, MS. H. ) dereþ, Lchdm. i. 328, 1, MS. B.
on-sacan. I. to attack, strive against :-- Ne biþ cwénlíc þeáw ðætte freoþuwebbe feores onsæce leófne mannan (to strife with a man for his life), Beo. Th. 3889; B. 1942. II. to, resist, refuse to comply with a demand :-- Ðeáh ðú onsóce ðæt ðú sóþ godu lufian wolde though you have refused to love the true gods, Exon. Th. 254, 8; Jul. 194. Hé ne trúwode ðæt hé sǽmannum onsacan mihte, hord forstandan bearn and brýde. Beo. Th. 5901; B. 2954. III. to deny, (a) of persons, to declare that one has no knowledge of a person :-- Ne ðé onsæco (-sæcco, Lind.) ic non te negabo, Mk. Skt. Rush. 14, 31. Ðú mé onsæces me negabis, 14, 72. Se ðe mé onsaekeþ (-sæccas, Lind.) beforan monnum, onsaece ic ðone beforan fæder mínum, Mt. Kmbl. 10, 33. (b) to refuse a person what he wants :-- Gif huá wil æfter meh gecyme onsæcæ (andsæce, Rush.) hine seolfne abneget semetipsum, 16, 24. (c) to refuse to acknowledge a claim, not to allow the truth of a statement, in a legal sense to deny a charge :-- Ne onsace ic náuht, ðæt seó eádignes síe ðæt héhste gód ðises andweardan lífes, Bt. 24, 3; Fox 84, 14. Ðá onsóc se óðer, and cwæþ hé him nán feoh ne sealde, Shrn. 127, 26. Hé onsóc (andsóc, Rush.) mid aað, ðæt ic ne conn ðone monno, Mt. Kmbl. Lind. 26, 72, 70. Forðam hié his cræftas onsócon (they would not acknowledge his powers, would not bow down to the golden image), Cd. Th. 230, 1; Dan. 226. Se ðæs onsóce, ðætte sóþ wǽre Waldend, se hié álýsde, 244, 20; Dan. 451. Ðonne sceal hé be. LX. hýda onsacan ðære þiéfþe gif hé áðwyrðe biþ. Gif Englisc onstal gá forþ, onsace be twýfealdum, L. In. 46; Th. i. 130, 13-15: Th. i. 132, l: 28; Th. i. 120, 8. IV. to make excuse :-- Ongunnun alle onsaca (-sacca. Lind.) coeperunt omnes excusare. Lk. Skt. Rush. 14, 18. Cf. of-sacan. V. to sacrifice (v. on-secgan):--Onsacende litaturus, Wrt. Voc. ii. 53, 57.
on-sæc; adj. I. freed from a charge, excused (cf. Icel. sekr):--Hæfe mec onsæcne habe me excusatum, Lk. Skt. Lind. Rush. 14, 18. II. denying :-- Mec ðú bist onsæcc (-sæcen, Rush.) me es negaturus, Mk. Skt. Lind. 14, 30. Mec ðú bist onsæc me negabis, 14, 72.
on-sǽgan to cause to sink down, to prostrate :-- Ǽrðon hine deáþ onsǽgde, Exon. Th. 171, 32; Gú. 1135. Hú hí (hell) bútan ende éce stondeþ, ðæm ðe ðǽr for his synnum onsǽgd weorþeþ, 446, 27; Dóm. 28. Selegesceotu synd onsǽgd (?), Ps. Th. 82, 6.
on-sǽge; adj. Falling upon, assailing, attacking :-- Wé ǽr ðysan oftor brǽcan, ðonne wé béttan, and ðý is ðisse þeóde fela onsǽge. Ne dohte hit nú lange inne ne úte, ac wæs here and hunger, bryne and blódgyte on gewelhwylcon ende, Wulfst. 159, 7: 128, 14: 243, 2. Hǽðcynne wearþ gúþ onsǽge war had come upon Hæthcyn, Beo. Th. 4960; B. 2483: 4159; B. 2076. [O. H. Ger. ana-seigi infestus.]
on-sægedness, e; f. I. the rite, act of sacrifice or offering :-- Onsægednys lofes árwurþaþ mé sacrificium laudis honorificabit me, Ps. Spl. 49, 24. Ðonne sceal hé hine áhabban fram onsægdnysse (immolatione) ðæs hálgan gerýnes, Bd. 1, 27; S. 497, 4. Hé rícels bærnde in Godes ansægdnesse, Shrn. 133, 29. Ic wille mildheortnesse næs onsægdnesse (-sægednesse, MS. A.), Mt. Kmbl. 9, 13. Aarone tó fylste tó ðám ǽlícum. onsægednyssum. Num. 18, 2. Onsægdnyssum and offrungum. Mk. Skt. 12, 33. Onsægdnessa cerimonias, Wrt. Voc. ii. 15, 81. II. what is offered at the rite, a sacrifice, oblation :-- Nis ná tó onfónne seó hálige onsægdnes (eucharistiam accipere), L. Ecg. C. 35; Th. ii. 160, 37. Gif seó onsægednys on eorþan fealle, L. Ecg. P. iv. 15; Th. ii. 216, 15. Ne offra ðú ðínre onsægdnysse (victimae) blód uppan beorman. Ex. 23, 18. Þurh lác ðære hálwendan onsægdnesse (hostiae), Bd. 4, 22; S. 592, 22. Gode onsægdnesse beran, S. 592, 25 : 5, 10; S. 624, 32. Ða onsægdnysse ða ðe fram eów deóflum wǽron ágoldene, 1, 7; S. 477, 36. Onsægdnisse onsæcgan victimis placare, Nar. 20, 5. Ic ðé onsegednesse brohte, Ps. Grn. ii. 279, 120. Onsegednesse victimas, Wúlck. Gl. 61, 8: 71, 40.
on-sægness, e; f. A sacrifice :-- Onsægnessa holocausta, Blickl. Gl.
on-sægung, e; f. An offering in sacrifice; immolatio:--Onsægung, Wrt. Voc. i. 28, 48. Onsægcgiung, ii. 49, 45.
on-sǽlan to untie, unfasten :-- Onsǽl meoto sigehréð secgum, Beo. Th. 983; B. 489. Ðonne geméte gyt eoselan gesǽlede and hire folan; onsǽlaþ hié, Blickl. Homl. 69, 36. Onsaelid desolutus, Wrt. Voc. ii. 105, 80. Hæft wæs onsǽled, Cd. Th. 215, 15; Exod. 583.
on-sagu, e; f. A charge brought against a person, accusation :-- Á biþ andsæc swíðere ðonne onsagu, i.e.in a case where a charge is brought against a person, and it is met with a denial attested by the proper legal formalities, the case against him fails, L. Eth. ii. 9; Th. i. 290, 17. [Cf. the somewhat similar principle which follows:-- Ágnung biþ nér ðam ðe hæfþ ðonne ðam ðe æfter sprecþ. See also Grmm. R. A. 856.] Ðá cwæþ Eugenia ðæt heó eáþe mihte Melantian onsage oferdrífan (refute the charge), Homl. Skt. i. 2, 206. Manega mid leásum onsagum geneálǽhton multi falsi testes accessissent, Mt. Kmbl. 26, 60. v. onsecgan.
on-sand, e; f. A sending to another :-- Onsande immissiones, Ps. SPl. 77, 54. Onsanda, Blickl. Gl.
on-sáwen sown :-- Sǽd onsáwen, Exon. Th. 215, 14; Ph. 253.
on-scǽgan (?) to mock, deride, reproach :-- Hí tǽldon ɫ onscǽgdon (onsægdon?) ɫ hig hyspton mé subsannaverunt me, Ps. Lamb. 34, 16.
on-sceacan. I. to shake :-- Heó feðera onsceóc. Cd. Th. 88, 26; Gen. 1471. Onscacene concusa, Wrt. Voc. ii. 15, 80. II. to shake off, remove :-- Onscacan (-seacan. Wrt.) detestare, Wrt. Voc. ii. 106, 28. Onsceæcannæ onsceacnessum (ob-, MS.) excusandas excusationes, Ps. Spl. T. 140, 4. Cf. á-sceacan.
on-sceacness. v. preceding word.
on-sceamian, -sceoniendlíc, -sceonung. v. of-sceamian, on-scuniendlíc, -scunung.
on-sceortian to grow short :-- Swá ða dagas forþ onsceortiaþ as the days go on shortening, Shrn. 96, 3. Cf. á-sceortian.
on-scunian, -scynian, -sceonian. I. to regard with loathing, to abhor, detest, execrate :-- Ic onscunige (-sceonige) abhominor, detestor, Ælfc. Gr. 25; Som. 26, 63. Drihten onscunaþ (abominatur) ealle ðás þing. Deut. 18, 12. Ealle Egiptisce onscuniaþ (detestantur) scéphyrdas, Gen. 46, 34. Onscuniaþ abhominentur, Wrt. Voc. ii. 3, 59. Ic hit swíðe onscunode multum delestans, Bd. 3, 17; S. 545, 3. Word mín onscunedon (execrabantur) wið mé, Ps. Surt. 55, 6. Ðá anscunedon hiene his ágene leóde, and monige from him cirdon, Ors. 3, 11; Swt. 152, 12. Ðonne hé biþ æfstig wið óðra manna yfelu anscunige eác his ágenu cum contra aliena vitia aemulatur ostenditur, guae sua sunt, exequatur. Past. 13, 2; Swt. 79, 12. Ðá wæs ic ðæt swíðe onscuniende, and mé láþ wæs, Bd. 5, 12; S. 630, 32. Onscunigende gefeoht exosus bella, Ælfc. Gr. 41; Som. 44, 12. Onscunede exosam, Wülck. Gl. 55, 18. II. to regard with disfavour, to refuse, reject, shun :-- Ǽlc gesceaft onscunaþ ðæt ðæt hire wiðerweard biþ quae sunt adversa, depellit, Bt. 16, 3; Fox 56, 4. Se ðe ðis gewrit gehýreþ hé flýhþ ðæt yfel and onscunaþ devitando quod noxium est, Bd. pref.; S. 471, 16. Ðá onscunode hé ðæt and cwæþ qui renuens ait, Gen. 48, 19. Hé onscunede unrihthǽmed ille recusabat stuprum, 39, 10. Gé onscunedon (rejected) ðone Scippend, and gedwolan fylgdon, Elen. Kmbl. 739; El. 370. Onscuna ðú leásunga (cf. fleóh leasunga. Ex. 23, 7), L. Alf. 44; Th. i. 54, 14. Godes willan onscunian Dei voluntate resistere, Gen. 50, 19. Heora ealde þeáwas onscunian and forlǽtan priscis abdiiare moribus, Bd. 2, 2; S. 502, 35. Nis ná tó onsceonienne seó sóðe gecyrrednys non est rejicienda vera conversio, L. Ecg. P. i. 2; Th. ii. 172, 10. III. to regard with fear :-- Ondrédeþ ɫ onscynaþ formidet, Jn. Skt. Lind. 14, 27: metuit, Rtl. 125, 25. Onscyniaþ opriant(=aporiant), Wrt. Voc. ii. 65, 16. Onscunode exorruit, 33, 14. Ðeáh hí men oððe hundas wið eodan, hí hí ná ne onscunedon . . . and nán heort ne onscunode nǽnne león though men or dogs went against them (wild beasts), they were not afraid of them . . . and the hart was not afraid of the lion, Bt. 35, 6; Fox 168, 2-9. Gif ðú heora untreówa onscunige si perfidam perhorrescis, 7, 2; Fox 18, 8. Onscunien (revereantur) feónd míne, Ps. Surt. 34, 4, 26. Se onscunienda þystel carduus orrens, Wrt. Voc. ii. 22, 43. Onscuniende aporians, 2, 23: 4, 74. Onscunigende, 78, 30. Anscungendi aporiens, 100, 41. IV. to irritate :-- Ábealg vel onscunede exacerbavit, i. provocavit, adflixit, 144, 56. Onscynedun exacervaverunt, Ps. Surt. 106, 11.
on-scuniend, -scunigend (?), es; m. One who detests or shuns :-- Nán (no friend of the dead man) hine tó ðæs swíðe ne lufaþ, ðæt hé sóna syððan ne sý onscungend, seoððan se líchoma and se gást gedǽlde beóþ, Blickl. Homl. 111, 29.
on-scuniendlíc, -scunigendlíc, -sceoniendlíc; adj. Abominable, detestable, execrable :-- Onscunigendlíc perosus, Ælfc. Gr. 33; Som. 36, 62: detestabilis, Bd. 3, 9; S. 533, 9. Cristendóm wæs ðǽr onscunigendlíc, Homl. Skt. i. 2, 330. Onscuniendlíc execrandum, Wrt. Voc. ii. 33, 20. Ða onscuniendlecan execranda, 33, 5. Onscuniendlícan probrosas, 66, 31. Onscuniendlíce (abominabiles) gewordene synd, Ps. Spl. 13, 2: Ps. Surt. 52, 2. Onsceoniendlíce, Ps. Th. 52, l. Ða anlícnessa ealra onscuniendlícra niétena omnis animalium abominatio, Past. 21, 3; Swt. 155, 14. Anscunigendlícra (anscunigendra, Cott. MSS.), Swt. 153, 22.
on-scunung, -sceonung, e; f. I. abomination, execration :-- Of onscununge execratione, Ps. Spl. C. 58, 14. Hí setton mé on onscununge (abominationem) him, 87, 8. Ðonne gé geseóþ ða onsceonunge (abominationem) ðære tóworpennysse, Mt. Kmbl. 24, 15. II. irritation, exasperation :-- In onscununge in exacervatione, Ps. Surt. 94, 9.
on-scyte, es; m. I. an attack, assault :-- Salomon ðæt mǽre hús Godu betǽhte, him and his folce tó gescyldnysse wið ǽlces yfeles onscyte as a protection against the assault of every evil, Homl. Th. ii. 578, 23. II. an attack in words, a calumny, backbiting :-- Mǽst ǽlc óðrum derede wordes and dǽde; and húru unrihtlíce mǽst ǽlc óðerne æftan heáweþ mid scandlícan onscytan [and mid wróhtlácan, MS. E.], Wulfst. 160, 5. For ídelan onscytan hý scamaþ, ðæt hý bétan heora misdǽda, 165, 7.
on-sécan to require something (gen.) of a person (acc.):--Ne onsécþ non quaeret, Ps. Spl. T. 9 second, 4. Ðǽr .xxx. wæs and feówere eác feores onsóhte þurh wǽges wylm then was life required of thirty-four by the rage of the wave (cf. under á-sécan, Ps. 118, 95), Exon. Th. 283, 13; Jul. 679.
on-secgan. I. to sacrifice, offer :-- Ic onsecge sacrificabo, Ps. Surt. 53, 8. Ic ðé tifer onsecge, Ps. Th. 65, 12. Gif man medmycles hwæthwega deóflum onsægþ (immolaverit), L. Ecg. C. 32; Th. ii. 156, 15. Hé lác onsægde, Cd. Th. 107, 21; Gen. 1792. Hé gild onsægde, 172, 11; Gen. 2842. Hé lác onsægde (of Christian service), Exon. Th. 168, 28; Gú. 1084. Mesiane noldon ðæt Læcedemonia mægdenmenn mid heora ofreden and heora godum onsægden, Ors. 1, 14; Swt. 56, 16. Hié Gode eáðmódlíce lác onsægdon, Blickl. Homl. 201, 14. Onsecggaþ gé him mid sóðfæstnesse wæstmum, 41, 10. Ne yld ðú ðæt ðú ðám myclan godum mid ús onsecge diis magnis sacrificare ne differas, Bd. 1, 7; S. 477, 36. Se ðe godgeldum onsæcge ofer God ánne, L. Alf. 32; Th. i. 52, 12. Gif ðú onsecgan nelt sóðum godum, Exon. Th. 253, 3; Jul. 174. Ðu scealt Isaac mé onsecgan, Cd. Th. 172, 30; Gen. 2852. Ðǽm godum onsægdnisse onsæcgan victimis placare, Nar. 20, 5. Ongunnan heora bearn blótan feóndum, sceuccum onsæcgean immolaverunt filios suos, et filias suas daemoniis, Ps. Th. 105, 27. Onsægd síe turificatur, Wrt. Voc. ii. 88, 51. [Cf. O. H. Ger. insaket litat; insaket delibatus; insaget pim delibor, sacrificio.] II. to deny, renounce, abjure (O. H. Ger. antsagén renunciare, abjurare, excusare: Ger. ent-sagen):--Gif mon síe dumb oððe deáf geboren ðæt hé ne mǽge his synna onsecggan (-sæcgan, MS. H.; ætsacan, MS. B.) ne andettan, béte se fæder his misdǽda, L. Alf. pol. 14; Th. i. 70, 15.
on-segedness. v. on-sægedness.
on-sendan. I. to send off, despatch (an emissary):--Onsende direxit, Wrt. Voc. ii. 27, 19. Him his sunu hám onsende filium remisit, Ors. 4, 11; Swt. 206, 2. Hine God ús onsende, Beo. Th. 770; B. 382. Se ðisne ár hider onsende, Andr. Kmbl. 3207; An. 1606. Ðá onbeád heó him ðæt hé hire tó onsænde all ða gesíðwíf, Shrn. 87, 21. Ðæt hé Angelþeóde onsende láreówas, Bd. 2, 1; S. 501, 29. Hwylcne Arcebiscop hé onsendan mihte on Angolþeódes cyricum, 4, 1; S. 563, 29. Tó ǽlcum biscepstóle on mínum ríce ic wille áne (a copy of the translation) onsendan, Past. pref.; Swt. 9, 1. Onsended distinatus, Wrt. Voc. ii. 26, 64: 28, 15. Ic wæs hider onsended, Blickl. Homl. 9, 20. Hé wæs of heofenum onsended, 131, 13: Chr. 430; Erl. 10, 18. Onsendum gewritum missis literis, Bd. 2, 10; S. 512, 17. II. to send forth or out, (a) literal:--Ðǽr wǽron on carcerne ccxlviii wera and xlix wífa, ða Andreas ðanon onsende, Blickl. Homl. 239, 15. (b) metaph. to emit (an odour, etc.):--Of ðære stówe mycel swétnes onsended wæs, Bd. 5, 12; S. 629, 35. Seó beorhtnes ðæs onsendan leóhtes, 4, 7; S. 575, 9. (c) to send forth (the spirit), to give up (the ghost):--Sóna swá hé ðás word gecwæþ, hé his gást onsende, Blickl. Homl. 191, 29. Heó hire gást onsænde, and hire líchoma resteþ on Ðæssalonica ðære ceastre, Shrn. 70, 28. Heó onsænde hire gást tó Gode, 107, 31. Hé sceal þurh gáres gripe gást onsendan, Andr. Kmbl. 374; An. 187.
on-seón to regard, look on :-- Wliteseón wrætlíc weras onsáwon, Beo. Th. 3305; B. 1650. Freónd onsigon (feónd onségon?) láðum eágan landmanna cyme, Cd. Th. 189, 2; Exod. 178. [O. H. Ger. ana-sehan intueri: Ger. ansehen.]
on-setenness, e; f. Laying on, imposition :-- Ðæm gáste ǽghwelc gefullwad man onféhþ þurh biscopa handa onsetenesse, Shrn. 85, 19.
on-setness, e; f. I. (cf. settan) constitution, appointment :-- From onsetnisse middangeardes a constitutione mundi, Lk. Skt. Lind. Rush. 11, 50. II. (cf. sittan) ambush, artifice, plot :-- Allo onsetnisse fióndes omnes insidias inimici, Rtl. 121, 40. v. next word.
on-setnung, e; f. Plot, wile :-- Onsettnungo diúbles insidias diaboli, Rtl. 147, 13.
on-settan to oppress, bear down :-- Hé hig yfele onsette vehementer oppresserat eos, Jud. 4, 3. Ða Cristenan him mid heora wǽpnum hýndon and onsetton, Blickl. Homl. 203, 17. v. settan, on-sittan.
on-sícan; p. -sác To sigh, groan :-- Ðá onsác se wísdóm and cwæð; Eálá, Bt. 26, 2; Fox 92, 24: 40, 3; Fox 238, 7.
on-sígan. I. of gentle, gradual movement, to sink, decline, descend :-- Ðonne se dæg gewít, and seó niht onsíhþ tó wérium mankynne, Anglia viii. 320, 2. Simbel onsáh dæg sollempnis urgebat (vergebat?) dies, Hymn. Surt. 96, 1. Ðeáh seó sunne ofer midne dæg onsíge and lúte tó ðære eorþan, Bt. 25; Fox 88, 25. Wǽre onsigen vergeretur, Wrt. Voc. ii. 81, 27. Onsígendum (vergente) ǽfene, Hymn. Surt. 34, 28. Fornumen mid onsígendre ylde with declining years, Basil admn. 8; Norm. 50, 20. II. of violent movement:--Gif hí oncneówon ða geniðerunge ðe him onsíhþ, Homl. Th. i. 408, 8. Swearte gástas mid micclum þreáte him onsigon, ðæt hí his sáwle gegripon, 414, 10. Hé bodode ðæt him wæs Godes grama onsígende, 246, 17. Mé wæs onsígende se stranga wynd, St. And. 28, 13. Onsígendum ingruenti, Hpt. Gl. 503, 32.
on-sín, -sién, -sýn, e; f. Lack, want :-- Ðæt eów nǽfre ne biþ þurh gife míne gódes onsién, Exon. Th. 30, 16; Cri. 480. Him nǽnges wæs willan onsýn, ne welan brosnung, 151, 24; Gú. 800. Nis on ðæm londe ne sár wracu ne wædle gewin ne welan onsýn luctus acerbus abest, et egestas obsita pannis, 201, 13; Ph. 55. Ðǽr him nǽnges wæs eádes onsýn, 225, 32; Ph. 398.
on-síne, -sýne; adj. Visible :-- Hé mé fore eágum onsýne wearþ, Exon. Th. 177, 17; Gú. 1228: Andr. Kmbl. 1820; An. 912. Cf. gesýne.
on-sinscipe(?), es; m. Wedlock :-- Ðyssum mánfullum onsinscype (gesinscipum, MS. T.) wǽron sǽde gemengde huic nefando conjugio dicuntur admixti, Bd. 1, 27; S. 491, 22. [Perhaps on should be written before ðyssum instead of being a prefix. v. sinscipe.]
on-sittan. I. to occupy :-- Ic onsitte insideo, Ælfc. Gr. 26; Som. 29, 6. Ðó þré acres ðe hé onsit, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. iv. 259, 20. Ðone hagan ðe hé sylf onsæt, 39, 13. Hit wæs his lǽn ðæt hé onsǽte, Chart. Th. 173, 5. Onsite sǽnacan, Exon. Th. 474, 7; Bo. 26. II. to oppress (cf. colloquial to sit on a person):--For ðám heardum weorcum ðe him onsæt, Ex. 6, 9. Gehreás ɫ onsæt egsa heora ofer hig incubuit timor eorum super eos, Ps. Lamb. 104, 38. Hé álýseþ þearfan ðæt him se welega ne mæg wiht onsittan liberavit pauperem a potente, Ps. Th. 71, 12. III. (with a different prefix, cf. O. H. Ger. int-sizzen metuere: Goth. and-sitan to regard) to fear (taking like ondrǽdan a reflexive dative):--Nó ic mé onsitte non vereor, Wrt. Voc. ii. 61, 46. Ne ic mé herehlóþe helle þegna swíðe onsitte, Exon. Th. 166, 15; Gú. 1043. Ðæt is ðæt án ðæs ic eallan dæg mé onsitte, Homl. Skt. i. 23, 730. Hí onsǽton and ondrédon ðæt wé heom grame beón woldon, 23, 273. Godes him ondrédon hete, heofoncyninges níþ swíðe onsǽton, Cd. Th. 48, 1; Gen. 769. Ðonne ðú ðé selfum swíðost onsitte, Met. 5, 38. Ðú ðé láðra ne þearft hæleþa hildþræce onsittan, Cd. Th. 130, 10; Gen. 2157: Beo. Th. 1198; B. 597: Exon. Th. 397, 22; Rä. 16, 23. Hé wæs him onsittende ðæt hine sum man gecneówe, Homl. Skt. i. 23, 494.
on-slǽpan, -slépan; p. te To sleep, fall asleep; obdormire:--Wérig gesette his leomu tó restenne and hwæthwugo onslépte (slép, MS. B.), Bd. 2, 6; S. 508, 11. Onslǽpte (slép, MS. B.), 4, 11; S. 579, 33: S. 580, 2: 4, 24; S. 597, 11: S. 599, 7: 4, 31; S. 610, 31. v. next word.
on-slápan; p. -slép To sleep, fall asleep :-- Heó hwón onslép, forðon ðe heó wæs on ðære sǽ swíðe geswenced, Shrn. 60, 17. Andreas ásette his heáfod ofer ǽnne his discipula and hé onslép, Blickl. Homl. 235, 13. [Goth. ana-slépan: O. H. Ger. int-sláfan: Ger. ent-schlafen.] v. á-slápan and preceding word.
on-slege, es; m. A blow struck on something :-- Onslægiun inflictis, Wrt. Voc. ii. 92, 53. Onslægum, 47, 27.
on-spannan. I. literally, to unfasten, unclasp :-- Þegn winedryhten his wætere gelafede, and his helm onspeón, Beo. Th. 5440; B. 2723. II. metaph. to open the mind, to speak, disclose the thoughts :-- Ongan reordigan, wordlocan onspeónn, Andr. Kmbl. 940; An. 471. Onspeón, 1342; An. 671: Elen. 172; El. 86: Exon. Th. 247, 16; Jul. 79.
on-sprǽc, e; f. A suit involving a claim or accusation, claim, charge :-- Se móste his hláford áspelian, and his onspǽce gerǽcan, L. R. 3; Th. i. 192, 3. Bǽdon ðæt heó mósten gesyllan hire morgengyfe wið ðan ðe se cing ða egeslícan onspǽce áléte (the charge is previously stated: ðæt hé wǽre on ðam unrǽde, ðæt man sceolde on Eást-Sexon Swegen underfón), Chart. Th. 540, 21.
on-spreca, an; m. One who brings a claim or charge :-- Ðone áþ funde ðe se onspeca (claimant) on gehealden wǽre, L. Ed. 1; Th. i. 158, 20. v. sprecan.
on-spreccan to enliven, to make sprack(?) [Sprack lively, active, Halliw. Dict.: Icel. sprækr active.]:--Ðá wæs wæstnum áweaht world onspreaht (-spreht, MS.), Exon. Th. 353, 8; Reim. 9. [Cf.(?) ich sprechi in ham sprekes of lustes swa luðere ðæt ha forberneþ, Marh. 15, 21.]
on-sprecend, es; m. An accuser, plaintiff :-- Ðá ongon Higa him specan on mid óðran onspecendan, Chart. Th. 169, 22.
on-springan. I. to burst asunder :-- Seonowe onsprungon, burston bánlocan, Beo. Th. 1639; 8. 817. II. to spring or burst forth, (of streams), to rise :-- Ðǽr lagnstreámas, wyllan onspringaþ, Exon. Th. 202, 2; Ph. 63. Ðǽr se flód onsprang, Andr. Kmbl. 3269; An. 1637. Ealle eorþan ǽddre onsprungon ongeán ðám heofonlícan flóde, Wulfst. 206, 18. [Ger. ent-springen.]
on-sprungenness, e; f. Defect, want :-- Onsprungennes eclipsis, i. solis vel lunae defectio, Wrt. Voc. ii. 142, 22. v. á-sprungenness.
on-stæl, es; m. Arrangement, disposition :-- Ðá (at the creation of man) wæs fruma níwe ælda tudres, onstæl wynlíc, fæger and gefeálíc fæder wæs ácenned Adam ǽrest, Exon. Th. 151, 17; Gú. 796. v. on-steall.
on-stæpe, es; m. Entrance, ingress :-- Onstæpas ingressus, Ps. Spl. 67, 26.
on-stál, es; m.(?) A charge, accusation :-- Gif Englisc onstál gá forþ . . . Gif hit biþ Wílisc onstál, L. In. 46; Th. i. 130, 15-16. Onstáles invectionis, illationis, Hpt. Gl. 448, 53. v. stǽlan.
on-steall, es; m. Institution, provision :-- Gode ælmiehtigum sí þonc ðætte wé nú ǽnigne onstal habbaþ láreówa, Past. pref.; Swt. 4, 1. v. on-stæl and on-stellan.
on-stedfullness, e; f. Instability :-- Onstydfullnisse instabilitas, Rtl. 192, 19.
on-stellan to institute, give rise to, set on foot, bring in, be the author of, set (an example):--Ðú scealt greót etan swá ðú wróhte onstealdest thou (the serpent) hast brought sin into the world, Cd. Th. 56, 12; Gen. 911: 57, 22; Gen. 932. Hé in wuldre wróhte onstalde, 287, 19; Sat. 369. Ðá onstealdon ða heretogan ǽrest ðone fleám the leaders were the first to fly, Chr. 993; Erl. 132, 15. Swá hit (persecution) Nero onstealde, Ors. 6, 6; Swt. 262, 12. Créca gewinn ðe of Læcedemonia ǽrest onsteled (stæled, MS. C.) wæs dominandi Lacedaemoniorum cupiditas, quantas causas certaminum suscitavit, 3, 1; Swt. 100, 11. Hé wuldres gehwæs ord onstealde omnium miraculorum auctor exstitit, Bd. 4, 24; S. 597, 21. Se ðæs orleges or onstealde, Beo. Th. 4806; B. 2407. Ðe ðæs oferhýdes ord onstaldon, Cd. Th. 272, 4; Sat. 114. Abraham bysene onstealde geleáffullum Abram exemplum credentium fuit, Gl. Prud. 1: Blickl. Homl. 7, 9: 23, 16. Ða láreówas sceolan gódes lífes bysene onstellan ðǽm ðe him æfter fylgeon, 81, 6. Wolde ic eów on ðon bysne onstellan, Andr. Kmbl. 1942; An. 973. Ða godcundan leán mínre sáule mid geréce, swǽ hit míne ærfenuman onstellen (appoint), Chart. Th. 477, 12. Onstaelde (ox-, Wrt.) idoneus, Wrt. Voc. ii. 110, 51.
on-stépan to raise :-- Onstép mínne hige in gearone rǽd, Exon. Th. 454, 25; Hy. 4, 38.
on-steppan to walk, go :-- Ðú onstæpst gradieris, Ps. Spl. 31, 10. Lege on lange hwíle óþ ðæt hé onstæppe, Lchdm. ii. 126, 17. v. steppan.
on-stígend, es; m. One who ascends or mounts :-- Hors and onstígend áwearp in sǽ equum et ascensorem projecit in mare, Ps. Surt. ii. 187, 4.
on-sting, es; m. Authority :-- Icc nelle geþafian ðæt ǽnig mann ǽnigne onstingc habbe on ǽnigum þingum oððe on ǽnigum tíman bútan se abbod, Chart. Th. 362, 3. Ǽnige onsting, 369, 24. Ic nelle geþafian ðæt ǽni man ǽnine onstyngc hæbbe nolo permittere ut quis jus habeat, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. iv. 202, 17. Ðæt gé nán onsting ne hauuen of ðat mynstre búton swá micel swá ðone abbot wille ut nec tu nec quisquam successorum episcoporum quicquam hujus aecclesiae usurpet praeter abbatis uoluntatem, v. 29, 20.
on-stíran to govern :-- Rícsiendum on écnysse and onstýrendum his cyricean ðam ilcan Drihtne regnante in perpetuum et gubernante suam ecclesiam eodem Domino, Bd. 4, 5; S. 572, 4.
on-stíðian to make hard :-- Onstíðade (induravit) hiora hearta, Jn. Skt. Lind. Rush. 12, 40.
on-stregdan to sprinkle :-- Ðú onstrigdes (asparges) mec mid ysopan, Ps. Surt. 50, 9.
on-styreness, e; f. Movement :-- Nalæs ðæt án óðra lima ac swylce eác ðære tungan onstyrenesse non solum caeterorum membrorum, sed et linguae motu, Bd. 4, 9; S. 577, 17.
on-styrian. I. to move, stir (of physical motion):--Se líchoma ná ne onstyreþ siððan seó sáwl him of biþ, Blickl. Homl. 21, 27. Onstyredan, drifan agitabant, Wrt. Voc. ii. 3, 39. Heó nǽnig lim onstyrian mihte, Bd. 4, 9; S. 577, 4. Onstyrgan (commoveri) foet míne, Ps. Surt. 65, 9. II. to move, stir up, excite :-- Hí mycle fyrhto onstyredon ðám monnum ðe hí sceáwodon, Bd. 5, 23; S. 645, 23. Unsibbe onstyrian, Cd. Th. 281, 14; Sat. 271. III. to move, disturb, agitate (a person):--Seó gedréfednes mæg ðæt mód onstyrian, Bt. 5, 3; Fox 12, 24. Se ðe mæg eorþware onstyrian, Ps. Th. 98, 1. Hý fægniaþ gif ic onstyred beó exultabunt si motus fuero, 12, 5: 32, 7. Hwæt arun gé onstyred quid turbamini, Mk. Skt. Rush. 5, 39. Onstyred and onǽled mid andan, Past. 21; Swt. 159, 7: Blickl. Homl. 199, 16. Onstyred mid heora wordum, 225, 23. Eal seó burh wæs onstyred, 71, 13. Hié beóþ on heora móde mid mislícum geþohtum onstyrede, 19, 9.
on-sund; adj. I. of persons, sound, whole, uninjured :-- Sum cild wearþ tó deáþe tócwýsed. Seó móder bær ðæs cildes líc tó ðam gemynde ðæs hálgan Stephanes, and hit sóna geedcucode and ansund æteówode, Homl. Th. ii. 26, 28. Onsund, Exon. Th. 278, 5; Jul. 593. Heó árás andsund of ðam bedde, Homl. Skt. i. 22, 52. Ábeád ðæt hié hine ealles onsundne eft gebrohten of ðære folcsceare the king ordered that Abraham should be brought again out of Egypt safe and sound, Cd. Th. 112, 15; Gen. 1871. Hé áléde his tunecan uppon ðám deádum, and hí ansunde árison, Homl. Th. i. 74, 3: Andr. Kmbl. 2023; An. 1014: 3244; An. 1625. II. of things, sound, entire, perfect, without flaw or injury :-- Ne wearm weder ne winterscúr wihte gewyrdan, ac se wong seómaþ onsund, Exon. Th. 199, 3; Ph. 20: 200, 21; Ph. 44. Nán cyneríce ne stent náne hwíle ansund, gif hí gesóme ne beóþ, Homl. Skt. i. 13, 238. For ðære clǽnnysse his ansundan mægþhádes. Hé on écnysse on ungewemmedum mægþháde þurhwunode, Homl. Th. i. 58, 7. Hine getácnode God tó ansundre hǽle, ii. 512, 13. Ansundre integro, Hpt. Gl. 525, 61. God hine (Enoch) genam mid ansundum líchaman of ðissum lífe, Ælfc. T. Grn. 3, 42. Ðenden gǽst and líc geador síþedan onsund on earde, Exon. Th. 285, 16; Jul. 715. Ðá wurdon ða gymstánas swá ansunde, ðæt nán tácen ðære ǽrran tócwýsednesse næs gesewen, Homl. Th. i. 62, 16. v. an-sund.
on-sundness, e; f. Soundness, freedom from physical or moral flaw :-- Andsumnysse (ansundnysse?) integritatis, virginitatis, Hpt. Gl. 444, 53. Gefég ðás bricas tó ansundnysse join these broken gems together so that they may again be whole, Homl. Th. i. 62, 8. v. ansundness.
on-sundrian to separate, take apart :-- Nǽnig heora, of ðám ðe hí áhton, ówiht his beón onsundrad cwæþ none of them said that anything they owned was his separate property, Bd. 1, 27; S. 489, 15 note. v. á-sundrian.
on-sundrum, -sundran, -sundron; adv. I. separately, severally, separated one from the other, apart :-- Onsundron separatim, onsundron hé sit singillatim sedet, Ælfc. Gr. 38; Som. 40, 39. Onsundran altrinsecus, hine et inde, Hpt. Gl. 410, 2. Uton biddan onsundron æt Gode, ic æt mínum Gode . . . and gé eác swá dón let each pray severally to his own God, Homl. Skt. i. 18, 107. Ðá ná gestód hé ná ǽlcne onsundran (each separately), 23, 177. Hié sǽton onsundran they (Adam and Eve) did not sit together, Cd. Th. 52, 11; Gen. 842. Stande hé ealra ýtemest, oððe on ðam stede, ðe se abbod swá gémeleásum monnum tó stealle onsundrum betǽht hæfþ . . . Wé forðí tǽhton ðæt hý on úteweardan oððe onsundrum standen, ðæt . . ., R. Ben. 68, 10-17. Nǽnig heora, of ðám ðe hí áhton, ówiht his beón onsundran cwæþ, Bd. 1, 27; S. 489, 15. Ðeáh bútú on ánum men síen, ðeáh biþ ǽgðer him onsundron, Bt. 16, 3; Fox 54, 35. Ǽlc ðæra gesceafta hæfþ his ágenne eard onsundron, 33, 4; Fox 130, 24. For ǽghwylc onsundran riht ágieldan, Exon. Th. 372, 24; Seel. 97. II. in retirement from others, apart :-- Ðá férde hé onsundron secessit, Mt. Kmbl. 14, 13. Hé lǽdde hig onsundron (seorsum), 17, 1. Hé nam his leorningcnihtas onsundron assumsit discipulos secreto, 20, 17. Uton gán onsundron (seorsum) . . . Hí fóron onsundran, Mk. Skt. 6, 31-32. III. making distinction from others, especially :-- Ic onsundrum ða stówe lufige, and ofer ealle óðre ic hié geceás, Blickl. Homl. 201, 6.
on-swætende, Wrt. Voc. ii. 47, 31. v. sprecan.
on-swebban to put to sleep (but generally of the sleep of death), lay to rest (in the grave):--Onsuebbaþ sepeliant, Wrt. Voc. ii. 120, 44. Onsuebdum sopitis, 120, 73. [O. Sax. an-swebian: O. H. Ger. in-, int-sueppen sopire.] v. á-swebban.
on-swífan. I. to swing, turn :-- Bordrand onswáf wið ðam gryregieste Geáta dryhten Beowulf turned his shield against the approaching fire-drake, Beo. Th. 5112; B. 2559. II. to turn aside, divert :-- Ne mæg mon ǽfre ðý éð ǽnne his cræftes beniman, ðe mon oncerran mæg sunnan onswífan and ðisne swiftne rodor of his rihtryne, Met. 10, 40.
on-symbelness, e; f. A solemn festival :-- Mið ðý heó geségon ðone biscop mæssan (mæssena, MS. B.) onsymbelnesse mǽrsian (celebratis missarum sollemniis), Bd. 2, 5; S. 507, 12.
on-talu, e; f. A successful claim, a charge that is established. v. of-talu.
on-tendan; p. -tende; pp. -tended, -tend. I. to kindle, set fire to, to fire :-- Gif fýr síe ontended . . . gebéte ðone æfwerdelsan se ðæt fýr ontent, L. Alf. pol. 27; Th. i. 50, 27-28. Ontend þreó candela, Lchdm. iii. 286, 6. Ðe ðæt fýr ontende qui ignem succenderit, Ex. 22, 6. Ða hálgan tihton ðæt man ða ofnas ontende (-tænde, MSS. C. V.), Homl. Skt. i. 5, 294. Hí on ða burh feohtende wǽron, and eác hí mid fýre ontendan woldon, Chr. 994; Erl. 133, 12. Ðonne hé (the moon) of hyre (the sun) ontend byþ, Lchdm. iii. 242, 12. Ontend succensus, Hpt. Gl. 507, 17. Antend, 471, 22. Antendne succensam, ardentem, 464, 36. II. to kindle emotion or passion, to excite, inflame :-- Sume se deófol ontent tó gýtsunge, Homl. Th. i. 240, 25. Ðíne gebedu geancsumiaþ mé and ontendaþ, 458, 4. [O. E. Homl. A. R. Jul. Marh. ontenden: Goth. tandjan to kindle, light; in-tandjan to consume with fire.]
on-tendness, e; f. I. a burning, fire :-- Hé hét gearcian ða tunnan tó heora bærnette . . . Hí wurdon gebrohte tó ðám tunnum and tó ðære ontendnysse, Homl. Skt. i. 4, 307. Ontendnyssa incendia, Hpt. Gl. 499, 42. Antendnyssum globis, 489, 68. Ontyndnissum incendiis, 440, 4. II. metaph. fire, that which kindles passion :-- Eugenia cwæþ ðæt heó wǽre gálnysse ontendnyss, Homl. Skt. 2, 173. III. passion, vehement desire :-- Ðære forligerlícere ontendnysse adulterinae titillationis, Hpt. Gl. 505, 68. Ontyndnysse, 520, 33. Hé uneáðe ðære líchamlícan ontendnysse wiðstandan mihte, Homl. Th. ii. 156, 26. Geangsumod mid ðæra ormǽtan ontendnysse and hrýmande ... 'Forgif mé ðam men ðe mín mód mé tó spenþ, Homl. Skt. i. 3, 387: 3, 397. Ic on ðé ádwesce ealle ontendnysse, 4, 171. IV. burning sensation, inflammation :-- He unscrýdde hine ealne, and wylode hine sylfne on ðám þiccum bremlum and þornum and netelum ... and swá þurh ðære hýde wunda ádwæscte his módes wunda; for ðan ðe hé áwende ðone unlust tó sárnysse, and þurh ða ýttran ontendnysse ácwencte ða inran, Homl. Th. ii. 156, 27-33.
on-þanc, Wrt. Voc. ii. 132, 40. v. or-þanc.
on-þenian to extend, stretch, bend (a bow) :-- Hí onþeneden (intenderunt) boga, Ps. Spl. T. 63, 3. v. á-þenian.
on-þeón. I. to prosper :-- Se wæs wreccena wíde mǽrost ofer werþeóde wígendra hleó ellendǽdum; hé ðæs ǽr onþáh (so at first he prospered), Beo. Th. 1805; B. 900. II. to be successful in one's efforts, to prove serviceable :-- Gamele ne móston hilde onþeón the aged might not be of service in battle (in the preceding lines it is mentioned that the very young were excluded from the army), Cd. Th. 193, 5; Exod. 241. Oft ic secga seledreáme sceal fægre onþeón ðǽr guman drincaþ oft must I prove of excellent service to festivity in hall, where men drink, Exon. Th. 480, 14; Rä. 64, 2.
on-þracian (-þrácian ?); p. ode To fear, dread :-- Ic anþracige (and-, MS. F.: á-, MS. O.) vereor, Ælfc. Gr. 27; Zup. 162, 1. Ic andþracige (onþracie, MS. T.) horreo, ic onginne tó onþracigenne (and-) horresco, 35; Zup. 212, 3-4. Sum déma wæs se God ne ondréd ne nánne man ne onþracude (reverebatur) ... Ðá cwæþ hé: Ðeáh ic God ne ondrǽde ne ic man ne onþracige (revereor), Lk. Skt. 18, 2-4. Ðú ne onþracedest (horruisti) mǽdenes innoþ, Hymn. L. 16. Ða ðe middaneard anþracode (inhorruit) Hymn. Surt. 132, 10. Ðá wearþ hé mycclum áfyrht and anþracode ðæt his ríce feallan sceolde, Homl. Th. i. 82, 5. Anþracian revereantur, Ps. Spl. 69, 2.
on-þræc (-þrǽce?); adj. Horrible, dreadful :-- Iulianus mid anþræcum hreáme forswealt, Homl. Th. i. 452, 16. Mid unásecgendlícum wítum áfyllede and mid anþræcum stencum, 68, 6. Ðá cwæþ ðæt wíf betwux ðám anþræcum wítum, Homl. Skt. i. 12, 191.
on-þringan (?) :-- Beofode ðæt eálond foldweng onþrong [onsprong the earth cracked with the shaking (?)], Exon. Th. 181, 28; Gú. 1300.
on-þunian (?) to swell out, exceed due bounds :-- Ic eom ufor ealra gesceafta ðara ðe worhte Waldend úser; se mec ána mæg geþeón þrymme, ðæt ic onrinnan (onþunian is suggested by Grein) ne sceal, Exon. Th. 427, 15; Rä. 41, 91.
on-þweán to wash, cleanse by washing :-- Wé nǽron mid fulwihte hér on eorþan onþwægen, Shrn. 53, 21. Gif gé willaþ onþwegene beón si vultis ablui, Bd. 2, 5; S. 507, 16.
on-þyncan to seem, appear :-- Ðý læs ðæt eów seó sægen monigfealdlícor biþ onþúhte tó wrítanne ne sim scribendi multiplex, Nar. 3, 29.
on-tígan to untie, set free :-- Seó sáwl færþ swíðe freólíce tó heofonum siððan heó ontíged biþ and of ðam carcerne ðæs líchoman onliésed biþ, Bt. 18, 4; Fox 68, 14.
on-timber, es; n. I. material :-- Ðæt óðer antimber materia, Wrt. Voc. ii. 57, 42. Ðæt antimber ðe hé of gesceóp gesceafta, Hexam. 4; Norm. 6, 22. Nis hit nán wúndor ðeáh mon swilc ontimber gewirce, Shrn. 164, 1. II. metaph. reason, occasion; materia :-- Swilce him gerýmed sý and antimber geseald, ðæt hé God bereáfige, Lchdm, iii. 444, 1. For ðisum antimbre ic gedyrstlǽhte ðæt ic ðás gesetnysse undergann, Homl. Th. i. 2, 26. v. and-timber.
on-timberness, e; f. Instruction :-- Tó ontimbernesse ðæra æfterfyligendra ad instructionem sequentium, Bd. 4, 17; S. 585, 16. v. next word.
on-timbran to instruct, edify :-- Hé monig þúsendo heora mid sóðfæstnesse worde wæs ontimbrende (instituens), Bd. 5, 19; S. 639, 23. Æþellíce ontimbred and gelǽred nobiliter instructus, 5, 23; S. 646, 19: 5, 19; S. 637, 36:, 5, 22; S. 644, 18. Hé wolde mid his láre and mid his lífes bysene beón ontimbred, Blickl. Homl. 217, 14.
on-tíned (-tímed ?) well-supplied :-- Gif .vii. dæge sunne scíneþ, mycele wæstmas on treówum beóþ ... Gif ðí .x. dæge sunne scýneþ, ðonne byþ sé and ealle æá mid fixum ontíned, Lchdm. iii. 166, 13.
ontre, an; f. Radish, Lchdm. ii. 78, 26: 76, 5. v. antre.
on-tydran to nourish, support :-- Hú þyncþ eów hú seó sibb gefæstnad wǽre, hwæðér hió síe ðæm gelícost ðe mon nime ǽnne eles dropan, and drýpe on án micel fýr, and þence hit mid ðæm ádwæscan? ðonne is wén, swá micle swíðor swá hé þencþ ðæt hé hit ádwæsce, ðæt hé hit swá micle swíðor ontydre pax ista an incentivum malorum fuit? stillicidium illud olei, in medium magnae flammae cadens exstinxit fomitem tanti ignis, an aluit? Ors. 4, 7; Swt. 182, 22-26.
on-tydre; adj. Weakened, debilitated, effete :-- Ontudri effetum, Wrt. Voc. ii. 106, 82. Ontydre effeto, i. sine foetu, ebetato, debilitato, evacuato, exinanito, 142, 46.
on-tyge, es; m. What one takes upon one's self, an undertaking :-- Gif hwylc abbod geþafaþ ðæt maæssepreóst oððe diácon in tó mynstre gange tó ðý ðæt hý messan singan ... hý nán þing gedyrstlǽcen ne nǽnne ontige on ðam mynstre bútan ðære mæssan ánre if any abbot permit a mass-priest or deacon to enter a monastery for the purpose of celebrating mass ... they shall not presume to do anything or take anything upon themselves except only the mass, R. Ben. 140, 3-10. v. teón (on), tyge.
on-tyhtan to incite, instigate, impel :-- Wæs ðæt gifeðe tó swíð ðe ðone ðyder ontyhte, Beo. Th. 6164; B. 3086.
on-týnan to open. I. of places or things, (a) to make an opening in :-- Seó eorþe hié ontýnde and hió forswealh ðæt wæter, Blickl. Homl. 247, 15. (b) to open, allow to burst forth :-- Hé ús ontýneþ heofenes þeótan, 39, 31. (c) to open so as to admit of ingress or egress :-- Him se áwyrgda ongeán helle ontýneþ, Exon. Th. 364, 10; Wal. 68. Ðæt hí Godes cyricean ontýndon (aperirent), Bd. 3, 30; S. 562, 16. Ðé is neorxna wang ontýned, Andr. Kmbl. 209; An. 105. (d) to open (a door) :-- Geatu ontýnaþ, Exon. Th. 36, 15; Cri. 576. Gif sió duru ontýned biþ ... búton ðú ða duru ontýne, Past. 21; Swt. 157, 15-19. Síe manna gehwam behliden helle duru, heofones ontýned, éce geopenad engla ríce, Elen. Kmbl. 2458; El. 1230. Heofonríces duru sceal þurh ðé onténed beón, Blickl. Homl. 9, 3. (e) to open the mouth, lips, to speak :-- Ic antýne (ontýne, MS. C. T.) on bigspellum múþ mínne, Ps. Spl. 77, 2. Ðá ontýnde Hǽlend his múþ, and wæs sprecende, Blickl. Homl. 159, 25. Ontýn weoloras míne, Ps. Grn. ii. 279, 116. (f) to open the eyes (one's own), to look, (another's), to give sight to :-- Ðá ontýnde ic míne eágan, lócade on hine, Bd. 5, 6; S. 619, 39. Hé his eágan ontýnde, biseah tó heofones ríce, Exon. Th. 180, 6; Gú. 1275. Þweah ða eágan and ontýne, Lchdm. ii. 26, 25. Blindra manna eágan ontýnan, Jn. Skt. 10, 21. Hyra eágan wǽrun ontýnede, Mt. Kmbl. 9, 30. (g) to open the ears, to listen to a person :-- Hé him mildheortnesse eáron ontýnde, Blickl. Homl. 107, 1, Ontýn eárna hleóþor, Ps. Grn. ii. 278, 77. II. to disclose, reveal, display :-- Se ðe líf ontýneþ, Exon. Th. 2, 15; Cri. 19. Forðæm wæs gecweden tó ðæm lytegan feónde ðe ðæs ǽrestan monnes mód ontýnde on ðæs æples gewilnunge unde hosti callido, qui primi hominis sensum in concupiscentia pomi aperuit, Past. 43, 2; Swt. 309, 17. Þín tunge ontýnde fácn, Ps. Th. 49, 20. Ðú mé ðínre snetera hord selfa onténdes, Ps. Grn. ii. 278, 71. David his synna hord selfa onténde, 277, 28. Hwonne ús líffreá leóht ontýne, Exon. Th. 2, 31; Cri. 27. Ðæt ic móte ðis gealdor tóþum ontýnan that I may utter this incantation, Lchdm. i. 400, 5. Ús is wuldres leóht ontýned, Cd. Th. 299, 28; Sat. 557: Exon. Th. 102, 17; Cri. 1674: Andr. Kmbl. 3222; An. 1614. Ðǽr is wuldres bléd ontýned, Cd. Th. 302, 5; Sat. 594.
on-týnan (?) to cover :-- Ða stówe wæs ontýnende ea loca operiens (did the translator read aperiens?), Bd. 4, 7; S. 575, 12.
on-týnness, e; f. I. an opening, aperture :-- Se heofon tóbyrst and eall engla cynn lóciaþ þurh þa ontýnnesse on manna cynn, Blickl. Homl. 93, 24. II. discovery :-- Be cierlisces monnes ontýnesse (betogenesse, MSS. B. H. Schmid takes ontýnesse = ontigenesse, and Thorpe translates 'of accusing a "ceorlish" man;' but the section deals with the discovery of the theft. Cf. too, L. In. 18; Th. i. 114, 5, which is a section to the same effect as the present one: Be cirliscum þeófe gefongenum) æt þiéfþe. Se cierlisca mon se ðe oft betygen wǽre þiéfþe, and ðonne æt síðestan synnigne man gefó, L. In. 37; Th. i. 124, 20.
on-ufan; prep. with dat. adv. I. of place, upon, on :-- Ðæt preóst ne mæssige búton onufan gehálgodon weofode, L. Edg. C. 31; Th. ii. 250, 22. Ða forwurdon ðe him (the elephant) onufan wǽron, Ors. 4, 1; Swt. 156, 13. Ða men ðe him onufan gáþ, Lk. Skt. ii. 44. Hí ðone Hǽlend onufan setton, 19, 35. II. of time, beyond, after :-- Fór Eádweard cyning onufan hærfest, Chr. 923; Erl. 110, 1. v. ufan.
on-unspéd (?), e; f. Indigence, poverty :-- For hwý ofergytest onunspéde (inopiae) úre, Ps. Spl. 43, 27,
on-unwís (?); adj. Foolish, ignorant :-- Wiðmeten is nítenu[m] onunwísum (insipientibus), Ps. Spl. 48, 12. v. next word.
on-unwísdóm, es; m. Folly, ignorance :-- Ic wæs unwísum nétenum gelíc geworden. Ac ðú Drihten onunwísdómes ne wes ðú gemyndig, Blickl. Homl. 89, 10. v. preceding word.
on-uppan; prep. with dat. adv. I. upon, on :-- Se Hǽlend rád onuppan ðam assan, Jn. Skt. 12, 14. Stód ǽren ceác onuppan twelf ǽrenum oxum, Past. 16; Swt. 105, 2. Hé wearþ bebyrged, and him læg onuppan fela byrðena eorþan, Homl. Skt. i. 12, 56: 14, 114. Hé sæt ðǽr onuppan, 13, 25. Ðonne man bringe offrunge nime smedeman and geóte ele onuppan, Lev. 2, 1. Hí lédon hyra reáf uppan hig, and setton hyne onuppan, Mt. Kmbl. 21, 7. Hí gemétton fýr and fisc onuppon, Homl. Th. ii. 292, 4. II. besides, over and above :-- Hé hét ácwellan ða rícostan witan, and onuppan ágenne bróðor and his módor ofbeátan, Met. 9, 28. v. uppan.
on-wacan. I. to awake, cease to sleep :-- Sóna ðæs ðe heó onwóc ubi vigilavit, Bd. 3, 9; S. 534, 11: 4, 31; S. 610, 37. Ðá of slǽpe onwóc, swefn wæs æt ende, eorþlíc æðeling, Cd. Th. 249, 2; Dan. 524. Se wyrm onwóc, Beo. Th. 4563; B. 2287. Ða men onwócan, and út urnon, Ors. 4, 2; Swt. 160, 22. II. to arise, spring, be derived, be born :-- Ðú wást ðæt ðú of mínre (the speaker is Eve) dehter, Drihten, onwóce, Blickl. Homl. 89, 20: Cd. Th. 292, 12; Sat. 439. Hér Ida féng tó ríce, ðonon Norþanhymbra cynecyn onwóc, Chr. 547; Erl. 16, 8. Him onwóc heáh Healfdene, Beo. Th. 112; B. 56. Beornas onwócan, cynn æfter cynne cende wǽron, Ps. Th. 104, 11. Hwǽr ús hearmstafas onwócan, Cd. Th. 58, 2; Gen. 940. Hié begeton feówertíg bearna ðæt ðonon menio onweócon, 294, 25; Sat. 476.
on-wacan, -waccan, e; f. An awakening, arousing, incentive :-- Onwaccano mægna incitamenta virtutum, Rtl. 74, 24. v. wacan.
on-wacnian; p. ode To wake up, rouse one's self :-- Onwacnigeaþ nú, wígend míne, Fins. Th. 28; Fin. 10. v. on-wæcnan.
on-wadan. I. to make one's way into, to penetrate :-- Oft hira mód onwód under dimscúan deófles lárum, Andr. Kmbl. 280; An. 140. II. to enter with irresistible force, to make one's self master of, take possession of :-- Wífa wlite onwód folcdriht wera the beauty of the women made its way to the hearts of the men, Cd. Th. 76, 20; Gen. 1260, Hié wlenco onwód, 155, 27; Gen. 2579. v. an-wadan.
on-wǽcan to soften, mollify, cause relaxation of severity :-- Ðæt wé mihtiges Godes mód onwǽcen, Cd. Th. 26, 7; Gen. 403.
on-wæcnan; p. ede. I. to awake :-- Hit ne onwæcneþ tó ðon ðæt hit eft on ierne mid hreówsunga. Ac hit wilnaþ dæt hit tó ðon onwæcne, ðæt hit mǽge eft weorþan oferdruncen, Past. 56; Swt. 431, 22-25. Ðonne onwæcneþ eft winleás guma, Exon. Th. 289, 8; Wand. 45. Ðá hí onwæcnedun vigilantes, Lk. Skt. 9, 32. 'Nú us is tíma ðæt wé onwæcnen of slǽpe.' Ond eft hé cwiþ: 'Onwæcnaþ, gé ryhtwísan,' Past. 63; Swt. 459, 33-461, 1. Fordytte ðæt eáre mid ðære wulle ðonne ðú slápan wille, and dó eft of ðonne ðú onwæcne, Lchdm. ii. 42, 26. II. to rise, spring, be derived :-- Ðonne hé (the Phenix) of ascan onwæcneþ, Exon. Th. 240, 34; Ph. 648. Monig sceal siððan wyrt onwæcnan, 191, 4; Az. 83. Ðanon ǽtorcyn ǽrest gewurdon onwæcned, Salm. Kmbl. 439; Sal. 220. v. next
on-wæcnian, -wecnian; p. ode To awake, arise, be roused, be raised :-- Of mistlícum dryncum onwæcnaþ sió wóde þrág ðære wrǽnnysse, Bt. 37, 1; Fox 186, 17. Ðonne (at the sound of the archangel's trumpet) of ðisse moldan men onwecniaþ, deáde of duste árísaþ, Cd. Th. 302, 23; Sat. 604. v. on-wacnian, -wæcnan.
on-wǽre (?) unripe :-- Genim onwǽre sláh ðæt seáw, and wring þurh cláþ on ðæt eáge, sóna gǽþ of (the white spot will go off) gif sió sláh biþ gréne, Lchdm. ii. 32, 18.
on-wæstm increase, increment :-- Onwæstem incrementum, Rtl. 69, 19.
on-wald, -walh. v. on-weald, -wealh.
on-wealcan; v. trans. To roll :-- Dryhtnes bibod geofonflóda gehwylc georne behealdeþ ðonne merestreámas wæter onwealcaþ each ocean flood carefully observes the Lord's command, when the sea-streams make the water roll, Exon. Th. 193, 25; Az. 127. Cf. Sóna swá ðú geseó ðæt ðú hyre (the mandrake) geweald hæbbe, genim hý sóna on hand, swá andwealc hí, and gewring ðæt wós of hyre leáfon, Th. An. 116, 22.
on-weald, es; m. Power :-- Sý him ár and onwald to him be honour and power, Exon. Th. 241, 28; Ph. 663. Hié hiere onwaldes hié (Rome) beniman woldon; and heó hwæðere onwealg on hiere onwalde æfter þurhwunade, Ors. 2, 1; Swt. 62, 22-24. Se geeode ðæt eálond and Rómána onwealde underþeódde, Bd. 1, 3; S. 475, 18. Ne lǽt áwyrgde ofer ús onwald ágan, Exon. Th. 10, 28; Cri. 159. Ða kyningas ðe ðone onwald hæfdon ðæs folces ... hié heora onweald gehióldon, Past. pref.; Swt. 3, 5-7. Ðú áhtest alra onwald (power over all), Cd. Th. 268, 24; Sat. 60. Ðæt gé mín onweald ágan mósten, Exon. Th. 131, 9; Gú. 453. Ús áléfan écne onwald, Cd. Th. 272, 11; Sat. 118. Wé hine oferswýðdon and ús in onweald geslógon eal his londríce regi superato acceptaque in conditiones omni ejus regione, Nar. 3, 22. Wé ealle his þeóde on onwald onféngon, 4, 6. v. an-, and-weald, on-wealda.
on-weald (?); adj. Powerful :-- Ðá Dryhten of deáþe árás onweald (-wealh?) of eorþan, Exon. Th. 168, 9; Gú. 1075.
on-wealda, an; m. One who has power, a ruler :-- Ic gelýfe in écne onwealdan ealra gesceafta, Exon. Th. 140, 14; Gú. 610. [O. H. Ger. ana-walto: Ger. an-walt. In O. H. Ger. ana-walton (gen. dat. pl.) also translates potestatum, potestatibus, v. Grff. i. 813. Cf. on-weald.] v. an-wealda.
on-wealh, -walh; adj. Whole, entire :-- Onwalh integer, Wrt. Voc. ii. 44, 25. Of anwealhre integro, Hpt. Gl. 525, 61. I. literal, sound, uninjured, uncorrupted :-- Ealne his líchoman gemétton onwealhne and gesundne (integrum), Bd. 4, 30; S. 608, 37. Ealle ða scýtan ðe se líchoma mid bewunden wæs onwealge ætýwdon linteamina omnia quibus involutum erat corpus integra apparuerunt, 4, 19; S. 589, 21. Ða lástas á onwalge beóþ and on ðære ilcan onsýne ðe hié on forman on ða eorþan bestapene wǽron, Blickl. Homl. 127, 20. II. metaph. :-- Heó onwealg on hiere onwalde æfter þurhwunade regnat incolumis, Ors. 2, 1; Swt. 62, 23. Wæs hyre mægdenhád onwalg, Exon. Th. 87, 6; Cri. 1421. Ðæt gecyndelíce gewitt biþ anwalg untósliten, Past. 52, 2; Swt. 405, 5. Ða óðre stondaþ on anwalgre hǽlo, Swt. 403, 23. Andswarede ðæt hé on ðyssum hæfde fæstne geleáfan and onwalhne integram se in hoc habere fidem respondebat, Bd. 3, 13; S. 539, 4. Geleáfan onwealhne and unwemmedne heóldan, 1, 4; S. 475, 33: 4, 10; S. 578, 27. III. of time, whole, entire :-- Onwalhge wican ebdomade integra, 4, 27; S. 604, 31. Geár onwealh anno integro, 3, 1; S. 523, 28. Onwalhge niht noctes integras, 4, 25; S. 599, 30. [O. H. Ger. ana-walg absolutus.]
on-wealhlíce; adv. Entirely :-- Ða mægenu ðæs gódes weorces ðe hé Gode útan anwealglíce forgeaf tantae virtutis sacrificium, quod integrum foras immolant, Past. 33, 5; Swt. 220, 22.
on-wealhness, e; f. Wholeness, soundness, integrity. I. literal :-- Þurh ða heora onwalhnesse gecýðed is it is made evident by the unchanged condition of the footsteps, Blickl. Homl. 127, 27. II. metaph. purity, chastity, integrity :-- Andwealhnys integritas, religio sanctitas, Hpt. Gl. 433, 50. Andhwælhnysse integritatis, 414, 74. Andwealcnysse, 432, 47. Andwealhnysse, 452, 32. Anhwealhnysse, 461, 46, Andwealhnysse integritatis, castitatis, 465, 71. Onwealhnesse integritatis, Wrt. Voc. ii. 44, 24. Mid écre onwalhnesse (integritate) mægþhádes, Bd. 4, 19; S. 587, 25. Anwalhnysse, Homl. Th. ii. 564, 6. Andwælhnysse integritatem, pudicitiam, Hpt. Gl. 463, 57.
on-weard; adj. Proceeding against, taking action against :-- Warnige se abbod ðæt hé þurh andan ne sý onweard ðam profaste let the abbot take heed that he be not acting against the provost from hatred, R. Ben. 126, 11.
on-weg; adv. Away, off. I. with verbs of motion :-- Óðer þing wiston ða wífmenn ðá hý onweg cyrdon when they went away (from the sepulchre), Exon. Th. 460, 13; Hö. 16. Gif ðú onweg cymest if you come away (alive from the fight), Beo. Th. 2769; B. 1382. Féran onweg, Exon. Th. 373, 4; Seel. 103. Onweg (áweg) fleon, Ors. 4, 2; Bos. 79, 15: Bd. 4, 22; S. 591, 11. Onweg gewítan, Blickl. Homl. 117, 1. Onweg hweorfan, Beo. Th. 534; B. 264. Hé onweg ðanon feorhlástas bær, 1693; B. 844. II. with verbs of taking, removing, separating, etc. :-- Onweg áceorfan amputare, Ps. Spl. T. 118, 39. Onweg ádon to put away, Bd. 3, 1; S. 524, 3. Onweg ádrífan to drive away, expel, 2, 5; S. 507, 28. Onweg áhebban to remove, 1, 27; S. 493, 7. Onweg álǽdan, 5, 3; S. 616, 36. Onweg ániman, Blickl. Homl. 55, 9. Onweg áteón to withdraw, subtract, Bd. 4, 17; S. 586, 9. v. á-weg.
onweg-ácirredness, e; f. A turning away (from right belief), apostasy :-- Seó onwegácerrednes fram Cristes geleáfan Angelcyninga apostasia regum Anglorum, Bd. 3, 9; S. 533, 8,
onweg-álǽdness, e; f. A taking away, removal :-- Ond for ðære gelómlícum onwegálǽdnesse (frequenti ablatione) ðære hálgan moldan wæs mycel seáþ geworden, Bd. 5, 18; S. 635, 31.
onweg-gewite, es; m. A going forth :-- In onweggewite in excessu, Ps. Surt. 115, 11.
onweg-gewitenness, e; f. Going forth, departure :-- Æfter his onweggewitenesse (abscessum) of Breotene, Bd. 3, 7; S. 530, 12. v. áweg-gewitenness.
on-wendan. I. to turn, change :-- Ðú hí onwendest mutabis ea, Ps. Th. 101, 23. Hé onwendeþ his hiw, Lchdm. ii. 204, 9. Werþióde his (the morning-star) noman onwendaþ, hátaþ hine ǽfenstiorra, Met. 29, 29. Mé onhwyrfdon of ðære gecynde ðe ic ǽr beheóld, onwendan míne wísan, Exon. Th. 485, 29; Rä. 72, 5. Onwend ðec in gewitte think differently, 251, 12; Jul. 144. On ðæs bisceopes anwealde ðæt biþ hwæðer hé hit onwende ðe ná utrum mutet an non, L. Ecg. C. 33; Th. ii. 158, 13. Ða menn ðeáh wisston ðæt hió mid ðam drýcræfte ne mihte ðara manna mód onwendan ðeáh hió ða líchoman onwende nec potentia gramina, membra quae valeant licet, corda vertere non valent, Bt. 38, 1; Fox 196, 8-10: Met. 26, 101-104. Ðú ne meaht hiora sidu and heora gecynd onwendan, 7, 2; Fox 18, 31. Nis mé tíd mín líf tó onwendenne non est mihi tempus vitam mutandi, Bd. 5, 14. S. 634, 32. Onwended ne biþ ǽfre tó ealdre, Exon. Th. 203, 11; Ph. 82. Nán gewuna ne mæg nánum men beón onwended, Bt. 7, 1; Fox 16, 23. Gif ðú wénst ðæt hit on ðé gelong sé ðæt ða woruldsǽlþa on ðé swá onwenda sint ðonne eart dú on gedwolan tu, fortunam putas erga te esse mutatam? erras, 7, 2; Fox 16, 30. II. to change one thing for another, to exchange :-- Heó wæs genumen of middanearde and eall ðæt sár and ðone deáþ mid écre hǽlo and lífe onwende, Bd. 4, 19; S. 589, 7. III. to turn, change a direction, to avert, divert, turn aside :-- Nǽfre gé mec of ðissum wordum onwendaþ ðendan mec mín gewit gelǽsteþ, Exon. Th. 124, 33; Gú. 347. 'Onwend ðé tó ðé sylfum' ... Hé hine ðá onwende from ðisse worlde begangum, Blickl. Homl. 113, 26-30. Onwende hé his neb áweg, Lchdm. ii. 284, 15. Nǽfre ðú ðæs swíðlíc sár gegearwast ðæt ðú mec onwende ðissa worda, Exon. Th. 246, 5; Jul. 57. Wénst ðú ðæt ðú ðæt hwerfende hweól, ðonne hit on ryne wyrþ, mǽge oncyrran? Ne miht ðú ðon má ðara woruldsǽlþa hwearfunga onwendan, Bt. 7, 2; Fox 18, 37. Ne mihte hæleþ weán onwendan, Beo. Th. 384; B. 191: Exon. Th. 130, 19; Gú. 440. Ðara unstillena gesceafta styring ne mæg nó weorþan onwend of ðam ryne ðe him geset is, Bt. 21; Fox 74, 4. Bróc biþ onwended of his rihtryne, Met. 5, 19. Biþ him se wela onwended, and wyrþ him wíte gegearwod, Cd. Th. 28, 5; Gen. 431: Blickl. Homl. 195, 28. Sýn hié from heora wónessum onwende, 109, 20. IV. to change the position of a thing, to invert, turn upside down, (a) literal :-- Sceal mín ród onwended beón; mín heáfod sceal beón on eorþan gecyrred, and míne fét tó heofenum gereahte, Blickl. Homl. 191, 5. Onwendedre endebyrdnysse ordine prepostero, Wrt. Voc. ii. 64, 33. (b) figurative, to subvert, disturb, upset :-- Hond synfulra ne onwendeþ (moveat) mec, Ps. Surt. 35, 12. Ðis is ðæt mennisc ðe ealle míne dǽda mid heora wordum (destroyed by their words the effect that my actions should produce), ðæt hié mé ne gelyfdon, Blickl. Homl. 175, 25. Næ síe tó ðon gedurstig, ne cyning, næ bisceop, ðæt ðǽs mínæ gife onwændæ (commoveat), Cod. Dip. Kmbl. v. 218, 28. Nǽfre ic ne míne lástweardas geþrístlǽcen ðæt heó hit (the grant of certain dues) onwenden, Ch. Th. 29, 14: Cd. Th. 26, 11; Gen. 405. Hwæt miht ðú his onwendan? Nú hé hafaþ ealle ðíne þeóstro geflémed, Blickl. Homl. 85, 21. Sibb áfre ne mæg wiht onwendan ðam ðe wel þenceþ nothing can destroy the ties of kindred in the case of a right-minded man, Beo. Th. 5195; B. 2601. Hé (Julian) wolde ðone Cristendóm onwendan, Ors. 6, 31; Swt. 286, 3. Hié ealle ða worold on hiora ágen gewill onwendende (evertendo) wǽron, 1, 10; Swt. 48, 10. Eall heofona mægen biþ onwended and onhréred, Blickl. Homl. 91, 27: 93, 13. Biþ se maga onwent and tóbrocen, Lchdm. ii. 218, 18. V. to cause to change for the worse, to give a wrong direction, pervert :-- Se yfela déma onwendeþ ðone rihtan dóm for ðæs feós lufon, Blickl. Homl. 61, 31. Hié (bribes) wísra monna word onwendaþ, L. Alf. 46; Th. i. 54, 18. Beorht wǽron burgræced ... meodoheall monig mandreáma full óþ ðæt ðæt onwende wyrd seó swíðe until fate wrought disastrous change, Exon. Th. 477, 15; Ruin. 25. Drync unheórne, se onwende gewit wera, Andr. Kmbl. 69; An. 35. Mid ðý ðe hié ðone drenc druncon, hraþe heora mód wæs onwended, Blickl. Homl. 229, 14. Is mín flǽsc frécne onwended caro mea immutata est, Ps. Th. 108, 24. VI. intrans. To return :-- Heora gást gangeþ onwendeþ on ða eorþan ðe hí of cómon exiet spiritus ejus, et revertetur in terram suam, 145, 3. v. á-wendan.
on-wendedlíc; adj. Changeable :-- Gyf se midwinter byþ on Frigendæge, ðonne byþ onwendedlíc winter, Lchdm. iii. 164, 8. v. á-wendedlíc.
on-wendedness, e; f. Change, alteration :-- Nis him onwendednes non est illis commutatio, Ps. Th. 54, 20. Onwendednis inmutatio, Ps. Surt. 76, 11. In onwendednissum in commutationibus, 43, 13. v. next word.
on-wendness, e; f. I. change :-- Ðære godcundnesse nǽnig onwendnesse on carcerne wæs of ðære menniscan gecynde, Blickl. Homl. 19, 24. II. turning, movement (v. onwendan, IV) :-- Onwendnisse heáfdes commotionem capitis, Ps. Surt. 43, 15. v. preceding word.
on-weorpan to throw aside, turn aside :-- Hine se wind onwearp fram ðære byrig mutati ab urbe venti, Bd. 3, 16; S. 543, 8. [Cf. O. H. Ger. int-werfan dissociare.]
on-weorpness, e; f. A throwing on :-- Ðæt lég swíðe weóx and him nǽnig mon mid wætra onweorpnesse (injectu) wiðstondan meahte, Bd. 2, 7; S. 509, 20.
on-wéstan to lay waste, desolate :-- Sý wunung heora onwést (deserta), Ps. Spl. 68, 30. v. á-westan.
on-wícan to yield, retreat :-- Onwican cessere, Wrt. Voc. ii. 14, 23. [Cf. O. H. Ger. int-wíchan cedere, recedere: Ger. ent-weichen.]
on-willan to cause to boil; fig. to cause passion or emotion to be violent :-- Ðá wæs eft swá ǽr ealdfeónda níþ onwylleð then again as before hot waxed the hate of former foes, Exon. Th. 125, 30; Gú. 362. v. á-wellan, -wyllan.
on-wille; adj. Desired :-- 'Ac gé hine gesundne ásettaþ ðǽr gé hine sylfne genóman' ... Ongon ðá leófne síð dragan Dryhtnes cempa tó ðam onwillan eorþan dǽle to the hermitage to which he (Guthlac) desired to go, and from which the fiends had removed him, Exon. Th. 145, 25; Gú. 700.
on-windan. I. to unwind, unfasten, loosen :-- Ðonne forstes bend Fæder onlǽteþ, onwindeþ wælrápas, Beo. Th. 3224; B. 1610. Báncofan onband, breóstlocan onwand, Elen. Kmbl. 2498; El. 1250. II. to retire, retreat :-- Hærn eft onwand ... wædu swæðorodon, Andr. Kmbl. 1062; An. 531.
on-winnende assailing, attacking :-- Se onwinnenda here the attacking army, Homl. Th. ii. 432, 4. Míne geféran mé betǽhton ðám onwinnendum feóndum, Homl. Skt. i. 7, 351. v. winnan.
on-wist, e; f. The being in a place, dwelling, habitation :-- Gesealde sigora waldend onwist éðles Abrahames sunum God granted to Abraham's descendants to live in a country, Cd. Th. 178, 27; Exod. 18. Cf. on-wunung.
on-wlát (?) form, appearance :-- Anwláten (-es?) formae, Hpt. Gl. 523, 61.
on-wlite, es; m. Face :-- Onwlite patham, Txts. 172, 17. v. and-wlite.
on-worpenness, e; f. An injection; fig. of a feeling which has been inspired :-- Ðá ic getihtode bi ðære gítsunge onworpennesse and ðá wæs ic gesprecende ðone man and sécende wæs ðæs þinges cúðnesse æt him, Shrn. 36, 19.
on-wrecan to avenge :-- Ðý læs on him gesewen sí ðás þing onwrecen beón ne in eis illa ulcisci videantur, Bd. 1, 27; S. 491, 28. v. á-wrecan.
on-wreón to uncover, disclose :-- Ne onwríh ðú ne reveles, Kent. Gl. 960. Onwreónde discooperiens, Wrt. Voc. ii. 25, 73. I. literal, to uncover, open, remove a covering :-- Hé his hrægl onwrág retecto vestimento, Bd. 2, 6; S. 508, 23. Ðá onwrigon hí hire ondwliton discooperto vultus indumento, 4, 19; S. 589, 16. Onwreóh (-wríh, Ps. Surt.) eágan mine, Ps. Spl. T. 118, 18. Onwreón ða duru ðæs geteldes, Bd. 4, 19; S. 589, 14. II. figurative, to make known, shew forth, reveal, discover :-- Heó onwríhþ hire ǽwelm, donne heó geopenaþ hiore þeáwas, Bt. 20; Fox 70, 25. Hé his miltse onwreáh, Blickl. Homl. 107, 20. Ðá com yrnan sum olbenda, and se cwæþ ... 'Ne tódǽlaþ gé ðara háligra líchoman' ... ðá dydon hý swá him ðæt dumbe neát onwreáh, Shrn. 136, 2. Ic ðé háte ðæt ðú ðás gesyhþe secge mannum, onwreóh wordum ðæt hit is wuldres beám, Rood Kmbl. 191; Kr. 97. Bæd ðæt hé him on spellum gecýðde, onwrige worda gongum, hú ..., Exon. Th. 171, 29; Gú. 1134. Iudas ðé mæg sóð gecýðan, onwreón wyrda gerýno, Elen. Kmbl. 1174; El. 589. Ðú scealt biddan ðæt móte beón open and onwrigen hwæt hé sý, Blickl. Homl. 185, 4: Bd. 2, 12; S. 512, 32. Is onwrigen wyrda bigang, Elen. Kmbl. 2245; El. 1124. III. to shew the (hidden) meaning of anything, to explain :-- Ic wéne ðæt ðás word ne sind eów fullcúðe, gif wé hí openlícor eów ne onwreóþ, Homl. Th. i. 580, 27. Augustinus ús onwreáh ðissere rǽdinge andgit, ii. 384, 21. Ðás word sind sceortlíce gesǽde, and eów is neód ðæt wé hí swutelícor eów onwreón, i. 278, 14. Onwrión explicare, Kent. Gl. 1152. IV. to shew, display so as to avoid concealment :-- Ðá seó fǽmne onwráh ryhtgerýno, Exon. Th. 12, 34; Cri. 195. Onwreóh (-wríh, Ps. Surt.) Gode ðíne wegas, Ps. Th. 36, 5. Gif his sáule gyltas óðerum monnum dígle beóþ and him sylfum cúðe, mid his andetnesse onwreó ða his abbode, R. Ben. 72, 5. V. to display what is bad, to expose :-- God hine (the sorcerer) onwrýhþ gyt, ðeáh ðe wit hine ne geopenian, Blickl. Homl. 187, 17. Seó hálige ǽ forbeódeþ ða sceondlícnysse onwreón mǽgsibba ... Ne onwreóh ðú sceondlícnysse ðínes fæder ... se ðe gedyrstigaþ onwreón ða sceondlícnysse his steópméder ... se onwríhþ his fæder sceondlícnysse, Bd. 1, 27; S. 491, 6-16. Womdǽda onwreón, Exon. Th. 270, 18; Jul. 467. VI. of the operations of the Deity, to reveal :-- Dryhten ðú ðe ðás þing onwrige lytlingum, Mt. Kmbl. ii. 25. Hit ðé ne onwreáh flǽsc ne blód, ac mín Fæder, 16, 17: Bd. 2, 12; S. 512, 24. Áne bóc on his wítegunge, ðe him God sylf onwreáh, Ælfc. T. Grn. 9, 44. Ðeáh ðe him God onwríge wísdómes gǽst, Exon. Th. 273, 14; Jul. 516. Ðam ðe se sunu wyle ðone Fæder onwreón, Mt. Kmbl. ii. 27. Drihten hire forþfóre wæs geeáþmódad tó onwreónne, Bd. 4, 23; S. 595, 36. Sum gesihþ ðe God ðysan menn onwreogan hæfþ, Homl. Skt. i. 23, 747. [O. H. Ger. int-ríhan revelare.]
on-wrigenness, e; f. An uncovering, discovery :-- - Onwrigenys apocalypsis, Hpt. Gl. 435, 43. I. a removal of that which obscures or conceals :-- Leóht tó onwrigennysse þeóda lumen ad revelationem gentium; a light to lighten the Gentiles, Homl. Th. i. 136, 22. II. an explanation, exposition (v. on-wreón, III) :-- Circlícere anwrigenisse ecclesiasticae traditionis, expositionis, Hpt. Gl. 410, 36. Hæbben ða ungelǽredan inlendisce ðæs hálgan regules cýððe þurh ágenes gereordes anwrigennesse by means of an explanation (translation) in their own tongue, Lchdm. iii. 442, 9. III. an exposure of a person's real character (v. on-wreón, V) :-- Nú neálǽceþ ǽgðer ge ðín onwrigennes ge uncer gecýðnes the vanity of your pretensions will be exposed, and the reality of our claims will be made manifest, Blickl. Homl. 187, 23. IV. a revelation, manifestation made to the eye or to the ear by divine power (v. on-wreón, VI) :-- Heó sægde ðæt heó geleornod hæfde on onwrihgennysse (MS. T. onwrignesse) ðæt hire forþfóre wǽre swíðe neáh. Sǽde heó him ðæt seó onwrihgnes ðyslíc wǽre. Cwæþ ðæt heó gesáwe micelne þreát, Bd. 3, 8; S. 531, 35-38. Se Hǽlend geswutelode him ða tóweardan onwrigenysse (a revelation of the future), be ðære hé áwrát ða bóc ðe is geháten Apocalipsis, Homl. Th. i. 60, 1. Helena hí (the cross) áfunde þurh Cristes onwrigennesse through a revelation made by Christ, H. R. 99, 8. Him ða upplícan onwrigenesse wiðstódon superna illi oracula restiterunt, Bd. 5, 9; S. 622, 21.
on-wrigness, -wrihness, e; f. Revelation :-- Of onwrihnesse geendad revelatione saturatus, Mt. Kmbl. p. 9, 6. v. on-wrigenness, IV.
on-wríðan to unwrap, to release from a covering :-- Seó hét heáfod onwríðan she bade take the head (of Holofernes) from the bag in which it had been put, Judth. Thw. 24, 5; Jud. 173.
on-wríðung, e; f. A band :-- Onwríðung (-wrítung, Wrt.) ligamentum, Wrt. Voc. ii. 53, 76.
on-wríting, e; f. An inscription; inscriptio Lk. Skt. Rush. 20, 24.
on-wunian to dwell, inhabit :-- Ic onwunige (inhabitabo) on ðínum getelde, Ps. Lamb, 60, 5. Ðæt ic onwunige (inhabitem) on húse Drihtnes Ps. Spl. 26, 7. Ðu onwunast (habitabis) on heom, 5, 13. Hí onwuniaþ inhabitabunt, 55, 6. Hig onwuniaþ on worlde inhabitabunt in saeculum, Ps. Lamb. 36, 29. Onwuna on gelaðunge inhabita terram, 36, 3.
on-wunung, e; f. I. a habitation, dwelling :-- Gewurðe him wéste eall his onwunung fiat habitatio ejus deserta, Ps. Th. 108, 7. Gewýt fram me, and far ut of mýnre onwununge. Nicod. 27; Thw. 15, 11. Ðonne forlǽt se hálga gást ða onwununge, and ðǽr sóna wyrþ deófol inne, Wulfst. 280, 9. II. persistence, perseverance :-- Mid singalre ánrǽdnesse l onwununge assidua (perpetua) instantia, Hpt. Gl. 407, 66.
on-wyllan, -ýwan. v. on-willan, -íwan.
on-ýdan to pour in :-- Tunge witan swylce lagoflód onýðaþ lingua sapientis quasi diluvium inabundabit, Scint. 65.
open; adj. Open. I. not shut, (a) allowing ingress or egress :-- Heofen biþ open on sumum ende . . . and mycel mægen forþ cymeþ þurh ðone openan dǽl. Blickl. Homl. 93, l. Open scræf. Cd. Th. 212, 10; Exod. 537. Open wæs ðæt eorþærn (the sepulchre). Exon. Th. 460, 18; Hö. 19. Ðín carcern open wé gemétton, Blickl. Homl. 239, 27. Gé geseóþ opene heofenas (caelum apertum), Jn. Skt. 1, 51. (b) of a door :-- Ðonne andydan hié ða duru ðe on ða healfe open wæs (the door that opened on that side). . . and mið ðæm ðe hié ðara dura hwelce opene gesáwon. Ors. 3, 5; Swt. 106, 14-16. Biþ oft open eádgum tðgeánes onhliden heofonríces duru. Exon. Th. 198, 16; Ph. 11. Hié gemétton ðæs carcernes duru opene. Blickl. Homl. 239, 24. (c) of the eyes :-- Mid openum eágum gesión. Met. 20, 257. (d) of wounds, not closed up :-- Ða openan dolg, Exon. Th. 68, 24; Cri. 1108 : Rood Kmbl. 93; Kr. 47 II. not covered, not protected :-- Seó cirice is ufan open and noferhréfed, Blickl. Homl. 125, 26, 30. Open burh urbs patens, Kent. Gl. 975. III. declared, public :-- Ða béc (of the Old Testament) synd gehátene seó ealde gecýðnyss and seó ealde ǽ, ðæt is, open lagu ðe God gesette Israhéla folce. Hexam. l; Norm. 2, 19. IV. not secret, not concealed, discovered, brought to light (in reference to things where concealment is desired) :-- Hwanon ys ðis word open geworden (palam Jactitm), Ex. 2, 14. Ne déþ nán man nán þing on díglum ac sécþ ðæt hit open sý (in palam esse), Jn. Skt. 7, 4. Ðæt móte beón open and onwrigen hwæt hé sý, Blickl. Homl. 185, 4. Se ðe mánaþ swerige and hit him on open wurðe he that commits perjury, and the crime is clearly proved against him, L. Ath. i. 25; Th. i. 212, 18. Gif open morþ weorðe ágife man mágum ðone banan if in a case of murder the murderer be discovered, let him be given up to the kinsmen of the murdered man, L. C. S. 57; Th. i. 406, 25. Æt openre þýfþe in case of discovered, theft, 26; Th. i. 392, 3. Opene weorðaþ monna dǽde the deeds of men shall be brought to light (at the last day), Exon. Th. 64, 32; Cri. 1046. V. without attempt at concealment :-- Antonius him (Octavianus) onbeád gewin and openne feóndscipe, Ors. 5, 13; Swt. 146, l. Blisse on openum, Lchdm. iii. 200, 8. On ða openan tíd the last day when nothing is concealed, Exon. Th. 96, 9; Cri. 1571. VI. manifest, clear, plain, evident :-- Ðá cwæþ hé : 'Genóg sweotol ðæt is ðætte for ðý sint góde men góde ðe hí gód gemétaþ' Ðá cwæþ ic : ' Genóg open hit is ' certum est, adeptione boni, bonos fieri. Certum, Bt. 36, 3; Fox 176, 29. Se ðe unwíslíce leofaþ biþ open sott, ðeáh him swá ne þince, Homl. Skt. i. 13, 132. Is seó wyrd mid eów open orgete, Andr. Kmbl. 1517; An. 760. Ðá ágann Landfranc atýwian mid openum gesceáde (with manifest reason), ðæt hé mid rihte crafede ðás ða hé crafede, Chr. 1070; Erl. 208, 17. [O. Sax. opan: O. Frs. epen: Icel. opinn: O. H. Ger. offan.]
open-ears, -ærs, es; m. A medlar; mespila, Wrt. Voc. i. 32, 50. (v. Halliw. Dict. openers. )
openere, es; m. One who opens: -- Aprilis quasi aperilis . . . swylce hé sý openere. On his tíman beóþgeopenade trýw tó blówanne, Anglia viii. 326, 5.
openian; p. ode. I. intrans. (a) to open, to become open :-- Openaþ patebit, Kent. Gl. 401. Byrgenu openodon, Homl. Th. ii. 258, 5. Openige nú ðín fæðm. Blickl. Homl. 7, 24. Byrgen opnigende (patens) is race heora. Ps. Spl. 5, 10. Openiendum heofonum caelis patentibus, Bd. 4, 9; S. 576, 37. Opniendum, Hpt. Gl. 514, 55. (b) to become manifest :-- Ðæs líf mid heálícum tácnum heofonlícra wundra openode cujus vita sublimis crebris miraculorum patebat indiciis, 4, 30; S. 608, 26. II. trans, (a) to open, unclose :-- Openast (aperis) ðú hand ðíne, Ps. Spl. 144, 17. Seáþ hé openode lacum aperuit, 7, 16. Opnyaþ mé gain rihtwísnysse, 117, 19. (b) to disclose, manifest :-- Gefeohtu gesihþ blisse hit openaþ if he sees fights, it is a sure sign of joy, Lchdm. iii. 200, 8. He cýðde and openade ðæt hé Cristen wǽre se Christianum esse prodiderat, Bd. i. 7; S. 477, 22. Ðæt hé nǽnigum má openade ne cýðde (paɫefacereɫ), 5, 9; S. 623, 15. Hord openian to discover the treasure, Beo. Th. 6105; B. 3056. Openiende propalat, Wrt. Voc. ii. 66, 17. [O. Sax. oponón: O. H. Ger. offanón : O. Frs. epenia: Icel. opna] v. ge-openian.
open-líc; adj. Open, public :-- Openlíc publicum, Germ. 398, 45. Openlecre puplica, Wrt. Voc. ii. 66, 55. Openlecum (opanletet, Wrt. ii. 3, 61) a puplicis, Wülck. Gl. 343, 28. [O. H. Ger. offan-líh publicus.]
open-líce; adv. Openly. I. publicly, in a way by which not a few only are affected :-- Eft cymþ God swíðe openlíce (in a way to be seen by all), Ps. Th. 49, 3, Hié openlíce ðæt gesetton (they publicly decreed) ðæt hé swungen wǽre óþ ðæt hé swylte. Blickl. Homl. 193, 3. Wæs ðis ðara wundra ǽrest ðe ðes eádiga wer openlíce beforan óðrum mannum geworhte, 219, 3 : Homl. Th. i. 58, 15. Hé funde áne tabulan eall áwritene and hí openlíce rǽdde (read it out to the bystanders). Homl. Skt. i. 23, 767. II. without concealment, without reserve, freely :-- Hé spræc openlíce (palam), Mk. Skt. 8, 32. Nán man spæc openlíce be him for ðæra Iudéa ege, Jn. Skt. 7, 13. Ðá fór hé næs ná openlíce ac dýgollíce, 7, 10. Monige scylda openlíce wietena (aperte cognita), Past. 21, 2; Swt. 152, 1. Ða díglan gyltas man sceal dígelíce bétan, and ða openan openlíce, Homl. Th. i. 498, 10. III. plainly, evidently, clearly, manifestly :-- Swelce hé open, líce cuáde si aperte dicat, Past. 21, 2; Swt. 153, 11: Blickl. Homl. 81, 19. Búton ic openlíce gecýþe ðæt ic God sylfa sý unless I make it evidently appear that l am God himself, 181, 36. Se wæs openlíce úþwita. Bt. 19: Fox 70, 8 : Met. 13, 72. Hú ne is ðé genóg openlíce geeówad. Bt. 24, 3; Fox 84, 19: 32, 2; Fox 116, 33. Ic ongite openlíce . . . Ic wolde ðeáh hit fullícor and openlícor of ðé ongitan video . . . sed ex te cognoscere malim apertius, 33, 1; Fox 120, 2-9 : 39, 2-Fox 212, ii. Openlíce manifeste, Hpt. Gl. 460, 59. Sume sindon openlíce forgitene some plainly are forgotten, Met. 10, 60. IV. without obstruction, at large :-- Wolde openlícor (latius) ætýwan seó god-cunde árfæstnyss on hú myclum wuldre Cúþbyrht æfter his deáþe lifede, Bd. 4, 30; S. 608, 24. Ic wene ðæt ðú nyte hwæt ðis gemǽne, búton wé of óðrum bócum ðis openlícor secgan (give a fuller account), Boutr. Scrd. 18, 27. Ðás þing wé willaþ openlícor gecýðan ðonne ðæt lýden dó, Anglia viii. 298, 25: Chr. 1106; Erl. 240, 35. [O. Sax. opan-líko: O. H. Ger. offanlíhho palam, publice, evidenter.]
openness, e; f. Openness, publicity :-- Gend openysse per publicum, Hpt. Gl. 524, 5. [O. H. Ger. offannussi apocalypsis.]
openung, e; f. Manifestation, revelation :-- Seó openung ðæs dæges (the day of judgment) is swíðe egesfull eallum gesceaftum, Blickl. Homl. 91, 19. [O. H. Ger. offenunga manifestatio, declaratio.]
ór, I. beginning, origin :-- Ór ɫ fruma initium, Mk. Skt. Lind. 13, 8. Dæges ór onwóc geleáfan the day-spring of belief awoke, Apstls. Kmbl. 130; Ap. 65. Næs him fruma ǽfre ór geworden, Cd. Th. l, 11; Gen. 6. Ðǽr wæs yfles ór, Andr. Kmbl. 2763; An. 1384. On ðæm wæs ór writen fyrngewinnes, Beo. Th. 3381; B. 1688. Or and ende, Exon. Th. 492, 6; Rü. 81, 10. Cwealmes on óre at the beginning of the destruction, Cd. Th. 153, 32; Gen. 2547. Gif ðú his ne meaht ór áreccan if you cannot tell even the beginning of your dream, 224, 9; Dan. 133. Secgan ór and ende ɫo tell from first to last. Andr. Kmbl. 1297; An. 649. Ic ðé yfla gehwylces ór gecýðe óþ ende forþ, Exon. Th. 263, 21; Jul. 353. Sué hé wundra gihuaes ór ástelidæ (cf. ord onstealde, Bd. 4, 24; S. 597, 21) quomodo ille omnium miraculorum auctor exstitit, Txts. 149, 4. Orleges ór onstellan, Beo. Th. 4806; B. 2407: Exon. Th. 386, 10; Rü. 4, 59. Ne can ic Abeles ór ne fóre hleómǽges síð I know not Abel's life from its beginning or its later course, Cd. Th. 61, 33; Gen. 1006. II. front, van :-- Wæs on óre heard handplega, 198, 22; Exod. 326: Beo. Th. 2087; B. 1041. Heriges on óre, Andr. Kmbl. 2213; An. 1108. Cf. ord.
or. This form occurs in A. Sax. only as a prefix, but in Goth. us, in Icel. or, ur, in O. H. Ger. ur it is found also as a preposition. It has the meaning without, e. g. or-mód; also that of original, early, e. g. or-eald.
óra, an; m. A border, edge, margin, bank (mostly in place names, -or in Windsor, Bognor. v. Cod. Dip. Kmbl. iii. xxxv: Leo, A. S. Names. p. 92) :-- In ðone stede ðe is gecueden Cerdices óra, Chr. 495; Erl. 14, 10: 514; Erl. 14, 21. Æt Cerdices óran, Erl. 2, 3. Ðonan on ðone óran foran wið-eástan Ecgulfes setl west be ðatn óran eft tóweard setle, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. ii. 216, 2-3. Siððan dú gehýrde on hliþes óran galan geác on bearwe. Exon. Th. 473, 28; Bo. 21. On óra[n] his hrægles in oram vestimenti ejus, Ps. Spl. 132, 3.
óra, an; m. Ore, metal in an unreduced state :-- Ǽlces kynnes wecg vel óra metallum, Wrt. Voc. i. 34, 67. Seolfor ðe byþ seofon síðon ámered syððan se óra ádolfen byþ, Ps. Th. 11, 7. Gedolfene óran effossa rudera, Germ. 396, 190. Hit is eác berende on wecga órum áres and ísernes leádes and seolfres quae etiam venis metallorum, aeris, ferri, et plumbi et argenti faecunda, Bd. l, l; S. 473, 23. Seó eorþe is cennende wecga óran terra parens metallorum, Nar. 2, 15. Goldórum &l-bar;-wecgum auri metallum, Hpt. Gl. 449, 14. [Cf. golt, seluer, stel, irn, copper, mestling breas : al is icleopet or, A. R. 284, note b.] v. óre.
óra, an; m. A species of money introduced by the Danes (cf. Icel. eyrir, the eighth part of a mark) :-- þolie twelf órena mid Denum and .xxx. sciɫɫ. mid Englum, L. E. G. 7; Th. i. 170, 16. Béte man ðæt æt deádum menn mid .vi. healfmarce, and æt cwicon mid .xii. óran, L. Eth. iii. 1; Th. i. 292, 11. Ita quod xv. (xvi?) ore libram faciant, iv. 9; Th. i. 303, 9. In the Law of the Northumbrian Priests, Th. ii. 290 sqq., this money is often mentioned. Óro mnas, Lk. Skt. Lind. Rush. 19, 13: Rush. 19, 16.
or-bléde; adj. Bloodless :-- Orbléde exsangues, Wrt. Voc. ii. 32, 39.
orc, es; m. A cup, can, tankard, flagon :-- Orc orca (cf. orca a tankard, Wülck. Gl. 599, 16: a cane, 771, 29), Wrt. Voc. i. 25, 4. Blót-(blód-)orc uas in quo sacrificabant res impias, Germ. 307, 514. Orce calice, Hpt. Gl. 435, 39. Bollan steápe, swylce eác orcas, Judth. Thw. 21, 15; Jud. 18: Beo. Th. 6087; B. 3047. Hé geseah orcas standan, fyrnmanna fatu, 5514; B. 2760. Orcas crateras, Ex. 24, 6. [Goth. aurkeis a cup: O. Sax. ork.]
orc, es; m. The infernal regions (orcus) :-- Orc orcus, Ep. Gl. 16 f, 36: Wrt. Voc. ii. 115, 61. Orcþyrs oððe heldeófol Orcus (the god of the infernal regions), 63, 49.
or-ceápe, -ceápes, -ceápunga, -ceápungum; adv. Without payment, without cause, for nothing, gratis, gratuitously :-- Ne þurfon gé wénan ðæt gé ðæt orceápe sellon, ðæt gé under Drihtnes borh syllaþ, þéh gé sóna dære méde ne ne onfón, Blickl. Homl. 41, 12. Orceápes gratis, Hpt. Gl. 478, 42. Beó hé frióh orceápunga, L. Alf. 11; Th. i. 46, 3. Hí onwunnon mé orceápunga (gratis), Ps. Spl. M. 119, 6. Orceápungum, Ps. Lamb. 108, 3.
orc-eard, -geard. v. ort-geard.
or-ceás; adj. Free from complaint, not chargeable (with a fault) :-- Orceás inmunis. Wrt. Voc. ii. 91, 50; inmunes, 111, 14. Orcǽsne immunem, immaculatum, castum, Hpt. Gl. 474, 72. Orceáse ɫ unwemme immunes, incontaminati, inviolatas, 447, 43. v. ceás, ceást, and next word.
or-ceásness, e; f. Immunity, freedom from fault :-- Orceásnes immunitas, Wrt. Voc. ii. 46, 59: 77, 34. Seó orceásnys, Hpt. Gl. 433, 57. Orceásnysse ɫ uniwemnysse immunitatis, 434, 27. Orceásnysse immunitatem, castitatem, 461, 41.
orcen (?) a sea-monster :-- Ðanon untydras ealle onwócon, eotenas and ylfe and orcneas [orcenas (?). Grein reads orc-néas, with which compare orc-þyrs under orc] swylce gigantas, Beo. Th. 225; B. 112. [Cf. (?) Icel. orkn (örkn) a kind of seal.]
or-cnáwe, -cnǽwe; adj. Recognisable, evident :-- Ðǽr orcnáwe (wearþ) þurh teóncwide tweógende mód, Andr. Kmbl. 1540; An. 771. Ðá wæs orcnǽwe (on-, Kmbl.) idese síðfæt, Elen. Kmbl. 457; El. 229. v. ge-, on-cnǽwe.
ord, es; m. I. a point, (a) of a weapon :-- Ǽlces wǽpnes ord mucro, Wrt. Voc. i. 35, 35. Se ord (ðæs speres), L. Alf. pol. 36; Th. i. 84, 17. Seaxes ord, Exon. Th. 472, 6; Rä. 61, 12. Wordes ord breósthord þurhbræc, Beo. Th. 5576; B. 2791. Ne ofstong hé hiene mid dý speres orde. Ðæt is ðonne swelc mon mid forewearde orde stinge ... suá suá Assael wæs deád bútan orde non cum recta, sed aversa hasta transforavit ... quasi sine ferro moriuntur, Past. 40, 5; Swt. 297, 10-23. Mid gáres orde, Cd. Th. 92, 2; Gen. 1522. Hé sette his swurdes ord tógeánes his innoþe, Homl. Th. ii. 480, 14. Ðæt gebearh feore wið ord and wið ecge (cf. Icel. með oddi ok eggju) it protected life from thrust and cut, Beo. Th. 3102; B. 1549. (b) putting a part for the whole, a spear, pointed weapon :-- Mé sceal wǽpen niman, ord and íren (spear and sword), Byrht. Th. 139, 12; By. 253. Hwá ðǽr mid orde mihte on fǽgean men feorh gewinnan, wígan mid wǽpnum, 135, 31; By. 124. Hit is mycel nédþearf ðæt hié man forspille, and mid írenum þislum and ordum hié man sleá, Blickl. Homl. 189, 30. Hildesercum, bordum and ordum, Elen. Kmbl. 469; El. 235. (c) of other point-shaped, conical things :-- Ord apicem, Wrt. Voc. ii. 73, 64. Ða hwíle ðe se móna ðære sceade ord (the shadow of the earth) ofer yrnþ, Lchdm. iii. 240, 26. Hafaþ tungena gehwylc xx orda, hafaþ orda gehwylc engles snytro, Salm. Kmbl. 461-464; Sal. 231-232. (d) of persons, (1) one who is at the topmost point, a head, chief, prince :-- Æþelinga ord Christ, Exon. Th. 32, 19; Cri. 515: 46, 22; Cri. 741: 53, 5; Cri. 846: Elen. Kmbl. 785; El. 393. Burgwarena ord, 462, 22; Hö. 56. (2) of position, head, front :-- Se ðe on orde geóng he who went at the head of the band, Beo. Th. 6242; B. 3125. II. line of battle, forefront :-- Se ord on here acies, Ælfc. Gr. 5; Som. 4, 14. Hí Pantan streám bestódon, Eást-Seaxena ord and se æschere, Byrht. Th. 133, 52; By. 69. Elamitarna ordes wísa, Cd. Th. 121, 3; Gen. 2004. On orde stód Eádweard Edward stood in the forefront of the battle, Byrht. Th. 139, 52; By. 273. III. the beginning, origin, source (applied to persons and things) :-- Se ðe (the devil) is ord ǽlcere leásunge and yfelnysse, Homl. Th. i. 4, 29. Se leahter (pride) is ord and ende ǽlces yfeles, ii. 220, 34. Ord moncynnes (Adam), Cd. Th. 68, 2; Gen. 1111. Dæges ord day-break, 174, 10; Gen. 2876. Sume úre þéningbec onginnaþ on Aduentum Domini; nis ðeáh ðǽr forðý ðæs geáres ord, Homl. Th. i. 98, 27. From orde óþ ende forþ, Elen. Kmbl. 1176; El. 590. Hé folcmǽgþa fruman áweahte, æþelinga ord, ðá hé Adam sceóp, 77, 20; Gen. 1278. Sóna ongeat cyning ord and ende ðæs ðe him ýwed wæs, 225, 30; Dan. 162. Ord onstellan to make a beginning, be the source of, 272, 4; Sat. 114: Bd. 4, 24; S. 597, 21. Ðæt ðín sprǽc hæbbe ǽgðer ge ord ge ende, Past. 49; Swt. 385, 13. [Laym., A. R., O. and N. ord: Orm. ord and ende: O. Sax. O. L. Ger. O. Frs. ord: O. H. Ger. ort angulus, aculeus, acies, initium: Icel. oddr the point of a weapon, head of a troop, leader.]
or-dǽle; adj. Not having or taking part in a thing, not participating :-- Ordǽle expers, Wrt. Voc. ii. 31, 48: 90, 67. Ordǽla expers, i. ignarus, alienus, sine parte, imperitus, inscius, privatus, Wülck. Gl. 232, 23.
or-dál, -dél; generally neuter, but an apparently fem. acc. pl. ordéla occurs, L. Edg. C. 24; Th. ii. 248, 28. (Cf. O. H. Ger. which has fem. and neut. forms.) In the sense of judicial decision, judgment the word is used by O. Frs. O. Sax. O. H. Ger. (v. Richthofen, the Heliand and Graff), but in A. Sax. it is found only in the special sense, which belongs also to the O. Frs., of a decision which follows an appeal to the Deity. The ordeal was thus connected with religion, and attended by religious ceremonies. In L. Ath. i. 23; Th. i. 210, 26, it is said with respect to the person who is to undergo the ordeal 'féde hine sylfne mid hláfe and mid wætere and sealte and wyrtum ǽr hé tó gán scyle, and gestande him mæssan ðæra þreora daga (the three days preceding the ordeal) ǽlcne, and geoffrige tó, and gá tó húsle ðý dæge ðe hé tó ðam ordále gán scyle, and swerige ðonne ðane áþ, ðæt hé sý unscyldig ðære tihtlan ǽr hé tó ðam ordále gá.' Before taking the Eucharist and going to the ordeal a solemn form of adjuration was addressed to the person concerned, that unless he was conscious of innocence he should desist, v. Rtl. 114, 13-23. The further proceedings in connection with the ordeal by hot water or by hot iron are detailed in L. Ath. iv. 7; Th. i. 226, 8. After the fire to be used in heating was carried into the church, none were to enter but the priest and the accused. When the iron was hot or the water boiled, two men for the accused, two for the accuser, were admitted, to see that the proceedings were fairly conducted. When hot water was employed, if it were a case of ánfeald tihtle, the hand was plunged in up to the wrist, if of threefold, up to the elbow. When the hot iron was used, a weight of one pound or of three pounds, according to the case, had to be carried nine feet. The hand was then sealed up, and its condition, when unwrapped at the end of three days, determined the guilt or innocence of the accused. See also L. Ath. i. 23; Th. i. 212, 2-10. Further reference to the difference in degree is made in Ath. iv. 6; Th. i. 224, 13: L. Edg. H. 9; Th. i. 260, 18. Among those who were to be subjected to this form of trial are mentioned convicted perjurors, who after conviction are not 'áþwyrðe ac ordáles wyrðe,' L. Ed. 3; Th. i. 160, 18-21: the man who was charged with plotting against his lord, or with being guilty of 'cyricbryce,' or with practising witchcraft and similar illicit arts underwent the threefold ordeal, L. Ath. i. 4-6; Th. i. 202, 1-17; and the same trial was appointed in the case of incendiaries, L. Ath. iv. 6; Th. i. 224, 11-19, and of coiners, L. Ath. i. 14; Th. i. 206, 17-25: L. Eth. iii. 8; Th. i. 296, 12-16. The ordeal is also mentioned as being the only method of meeting an accusation in a case between English and Welsh, 'ne stent nán óðer lád æt tihtlan búte ordál betweox Wealan and Englan,' L. O. D. 2; Th. i. 354, 1-2. The ordeal must take place in a king's burgh, 'Ǽlc ordál beó on ðæs kyninges byrig,' L. Eth. iii. 6; Th. i. 296, 4, and upon fastdays and festivals could not be used, 'ordél and áþas syndan tócwedene freólsdagum and rihtfæstendagum,' L. E. G. 9; Th. i. 172, 10: L. Eth. v. 18; Th. i. 308, 24-27: vi. 25; Th. i. 320, 24-27: L. Edg. C. 24; Th. ii. 248, 27. Wé forbeódaþ ordál and áþas freólsdagum and ymbrendagum and lenctendagum and rihtfæstendagum and fram aduentum domini óþ octabas epiphanie and fram septuagesima óþ fífténe niht ofer eástran, Wulfst. 117, 14. See Schmid. A. S. Gesetz., Grmm. R. A. pp. 863 sqq., 908 sqq., and cf. cor-snǽd. As an instance of the occurrence of the word elsewhere than in the Laws, see Chart. Th. 432, where the phrase áþ and ordél occurs several times. [O. Frs. or-, ur-dél: O. Sax. ur-deili: O. H. Ger. ur-teil, -teila, -teili judicium, sentential.] v. ísen-, wæter-ordál.
ordál-isen, es; n. The iron used in the ordeal, L. Ath. iv. 6; Th. i. 224, 14.
ord-bana, an; m. One who slays with (the point of) a weapon (ord, cf. ecg-bana), a murderer :-- Ic fylde mid folmum ordbanan Abeles (Cain), Cd. Th. 67, 7; Gen. 1097.
ord-fruma, an; m. I. of things, source, origin :-- Ordfruma origo, Ælfc. Gr. 9, 3; Som. 8, 58. Ós byþ ordfruma ǽlcere sprǽce, Runic pm. Kmbl. 340, 5; Rún. 4. II. of persons, (1) author, source, (a) applied to the Deity :-- Crist, ordfruma ǽlcere gife, Homl. Th. ii. 526, 7. Ordfruma ealre clǽnnesse, Blickl. Homl. 13, 21. Drihten is ordfruma (auctor) ealra eadignesse, Bd. 4, 30; S. 609, 16. God, lífes ordfruma, Exon. Th. 14, 30; Cri. 227. Ordfruma ealra gescafta, Cd. Th. 292, 17; Sat. 442. (b) applied to others :-- Se wæs ordfruma (auctor) ðæs gefeohtes, Bd. 3, 24; S. 556, 32. Danaus ðæs yfeles ordfruma scelerum fabricator Danaus, Ors. 1, 8; Swt. 40, 16: Nicod. 6; Thw. 3, 14: 29; Thw. 17, 4. (2) chief, head, prince :-- Wæs mín fæder æþele ordfruma, Beo. Th. 531; B. 263. Daniel wæs ordfruma earmre láfe, Cd. Th. 225, 10; Dan. 152. Ðonne beóþ ða synfullan genyðerade mid heora ordfruman, swá hé genyðerad wearþ, Blickl. Homl. 33, 1. [O. Sax. ord-frumo: O. H. Ger. ort-frumo auctor.]
ord-stapu; gen. -stæpe; f. A step of a pointed instrument, the prick or wound made by a sharp point :-- Oft mec ísern scód sáre on sídan; ic nǽfre meldade monna ǽngum, gif mé ordstæpe egle wǽron, Exon. Th. 485, 19; Rä. 71. 16.
ord-wíga, an; m. A warrior who fights with a pointed weapon (? cf. gár-wíga), or one who fights in the van (? v. ord, II) :-- Ordwýga! ne lǽt ðín ellen gedreósan tó dæge, Wald. 9; Vald. I, 6.
ore, an; f. A mine, place in which ore is dug :-- ísern óre ferri fodina, in quo loco ferrum foditur, Wrt. Voc. ii. 148, II. v. óra ore.
or-eald; adj. Of great age :-- Caron wæs swíðe oreald, Bt. 35, 6; Fox 168, 20. [O. H. Ger. ur-alt valde senex, grandaevus, veteranus, decrepitus.]
orel, es; n.: orl, es; m. A garment, veil, mantle: :-- Orel, ryft cycla[s], Wrt. Voc. ii. 131, 38. Orelu oraria, 65, 5. Winpel vel orl ricinum; orl orarinm vel ciclas, i. 17, 1-3: stola vel ricinum, 40, 34. Orlas ciclas vel oraria, 59, 40. Hé geglængde mé mid orle (the monastic veil UNCERTAIN ), Homl. Skt. i. 7, 36. Wimplum ɫ orlum cycladibus, Hpt. Gl. 486, 47: velaminibus, 526, 54. [Goth. aurali a napkin: O. H. Ger. oral strophium, peplum, flammeolum. From Lat. orale.]
orenum, Nar. 24, 2. v. or-wéne.
oreþ, oreþian. v. oroþ, orþian.
oret, es; n. (?) Struggle, labour :-- Ðonne ðú ðínes gewinnes wæstme byrgest etest oretes labores fructuum tuorum manducabis, Ps. Th. 127, 2. v. following words.
oret-mæcg, es; m. A combatant, warrior, champion :-- Hî (the Jews) slógon eornoste Assiria oretmæcgas (the army of Holofernes), Judth. Thw. 24, 39; Jud. 232. Oretmecgas (Beowulf and his band), Beo. Th. 669; B. 332 : 732; B. 363 : (Hrothgar's men), 967; B. 481. Orettmæcgas (the disciples), Andr. Kmbl. 1328; An. 664. Weóld Walum and Scottum and Bryttum eác byre Æðelrédes, Englum and Sexum, oretmæcgum. Chr. 1065; Erl. 196, 30. v. next word.
oret-mæcga, an; m. A combatant, athlete :-- Oretmæcga agonista, Wrt. Voc. ii. I. 2. Oretmæcgan anthletae, 3, 3.
oret-stów, e; f. A place where a struggle is carried on, a place for wrestling :-- Oretstówe ɫ winstówe ɫ plegstówe scammatis, Hpt. Gl. 405, 39. Oredstówe in scammate, 478, 48.
oretta, an; m. One who strives, a combatant, warrior, champion :-- Wearp ðá wunden mǽl yrre oretta (Beowulf), Beo. Th. 3068; B. 1532 : 5070; B. 2538. David, eádig oretta. Andr. Kmbl. 1757; An. 881. Beorn beaduwe heard . . . ánrǽd oretta . . . Cristes cempa (St. Andrew), 1965; An. 985. þegnas lǽrde eádig oreta (St. Andrew), eorlas trymede, 925; An. 463. Eádig oretta andwîges heard (Guthlac), Exon. Th. 112, 21; Gú. 147. Swá sceal oretta compian, 122, 33; Gú. 315. Godes orettan swencan, 136, 15; Gú. 541.
orf, es; n. Cattle, live stock :-- Ǽlce geáre byþ orf ácenned, and mennisce menn tó mannum ácennede, ða ðe God gewyrcþ swá swá he geworhte ða ǽrran. Hexam. 12; Norm. 20, 20. Cuce orf, L. Edg. S. 8; Th. i. 274. 25. Swá mycel orfes wæs ðæs geáres forfaren, swá nán man ǽr ne gemunde, Chr. 1041; Erl. 169, 7. Hé nam him on orfe and on mannum and on ǽhtum swá him gewearþ, 1052; Erl. 183, 22. Hé hæfde on orfe micele ǽhte fuerunt ei oves et boves, Gen. 12, 16. Ǽlces cynnes orf animantia diversi generis, Ex. 12, 38. Habbaþ ðæt orf eów gemǽne omnia animantia diripiens vobis, Jos. 8, 2. Hí námon eall ðet orf ðe hí mihton tó cuman, ðæt wæs fela þúsend, Chr. 1064; Erl. 196, 5. Drífaþ hider eówre orf adducite pecora vestra, Gen. 47, 16.
orf-cynn, es; n. Cattle :-- Næs orfcynnes nán máre búton vii. hrûðeru, Chart. Th. 429, 5. Of eallum orfcinne de jumentis in genere suo, Gen. 6, 20.
orf-cwealm, es; m. Pestilence among cattle, murrain :-- On ðisum geáre wæs swá mycel orfcwealm swá man ne gemunde fela wintrum ǽr, Chr. 1054; Erl. 188, 5. Ûs stalu and cwalu, stric and steorfa, orfcwealm and uncoþu . . . derede swýðe þearle, Wulfst. 159, 10.
or-feorm; adj. Unprovided, destitute, worthless :-- Ðæt biþ feóndes bearn, hafaþ grundfúsne gǽst Gode orfeormne (of feormne, MS.) wuldor-cyninge (a godless spirit), Exon. Th. 316, 16; Mód. 49. Ða (the heathen gods) sind geásne góda gehwylces, idle, orfeorme, unbiþyrfe, 255, 20; Jul. 217. Hwider hweorfaþ wé hláfordleáse, góde orfeorme, synnum wunde (cf. gif wé gewítaþ fram ðé, ðonne beó wé fremde from eallum ðǽm gódum ðe ðú ús gegearwodest, Blickl. Homl. 233, 31-33), Andr. Kmbl. 812; An. 406. Gāstæs gōde orfeorme, wuldre bescyrede, 3233; An. 1619: Judth. Thw. 25, 21; Jud. 271.
or-feormness, e; f. Want of cleanliness (v. feormian to cleanse), squalor :-- Orfeormnisse squalores, Wrt. Voc. ii. 121, 8. v. or-firme.
orf-gebitt, es; n. Grazing; herbitum, Wrt. Voc. i. 39, 34.
or-firme; adj. Uncleanly, squalid :-- Hí wǽron fúlíce and orfyrme on heora beardum, Guthl. 5; Gdwin. 34, 22. v. or-feormness and next word.
or-firm[u]; f. Squalor :-- Orfiermae, orfermae squalores, Txts. 96, 933. v. preceding word.
or-gálscipe (?), es; m. Wantonness :-- Orgálscype (on gálscype (?), orgelscipe (?) ), wrénscipe petulantia, Hpt. Gl. 525, 74.
organ, es; m. A song :-- Se organ the Pater Noster (cf. v. 47, where it is called cantic), Salm. Kmbl. 107; Sal. 53. Gif hé ðæs organes ówiht cúðe, 65; Sal. 33. Organa swég ðe from englum biþ sungen, L. E. I. pref.; Th. ii. 400, II. v. organian.
organe (organa (?); cf. O. H. Ger. organa; f.), an; f. : organon; pl. organa; n. A musical instrument: -- Organon, Exon. Th. 207, 4; Ph. 136. Ða organa wǽron getogene, and ða bíman gebláwene, Th. Ap. 25, 15. Organan organo, Ps. Surt. 150, 4. On salig wê ûre organan up áhengan in salicibus suspendimus organa nostra, Ps. Th. (Spl. T., Surt. ), 136, 2. Iubal wæs fæder herpera and ðæra ðe organan macodun Iuba, fuit pater canentium cithara et organo, Gen. 4, 21. [Icel. organ; n.]
organe, an; f. Marjoram; origanum vulgare :-- Organe. Ðeós wyrt ðe man origanum and óðrum naman ðam gelîce organan nemneþ, Lchdm. i. 236, 9-11 : 282, 23.
organian, orgnian to sing to the accompaniment of a musical instrument :-- Ic orgnige (organige, MS. H. ), Ælfc. Gr. 28, 7; Som. 32, 62.
orgel pride :-- Hwǽr is heora prass and orgol búton on moldan beþeaht and on wítum gecyrred? Wulfst. 148, 32. [Woreldes richeise wecheð orgel on mannes heorte, O. E. Homl. ii. 43, 17. The form orguil occurs, p. 63. Heó leapeð into horel (orhel, MS. T. : orʒel, MS. C. ), A. R. 224, 2. Cf. French orgeuil (to which Bracket assigns a German origin): Ital. orgoglio.] v. orgel-líc.
orgel-dreám, es; m. The sound of a musical instrument :-- Or-geldreáme organo. Blickl. Gl.
orgele (? ci. O. H. Ger. orgela : Ger. orgel; f.: orgles. Alis. 191) an organ, a musical instrument, v. preceding word.
orgel-líc; adj. I. proud, arrogant, disdainful (v. next word). II. deserving scorn or disdain :-- Hwý sceal ǽnigum menn þyncean tô orgellíc ðæt hé onbúge tó ððres monnes willan gua conscientia dedignatur homo alienae voluntati acquiescere? Past. 42, 2; Swt. 307,
orgel-líce; adv. Proudly, arrogantly, haughtily, insolently :-- Hé hine swá orgellíce up áhóf and bodode ðæs ðæt hê úþwita wǽre ne cýðde hé hit mid nánum cræftum ac mid leásum and ofermódlícum gilpe hominem, qui non ad verae virtutis usum, sed ad superbam gloriam falsum sibi philosophi nomen induerat, Bt. 18, 4; Fox 66, 29. Ðá áxode Pilatus hine orgollíce, Homl. Th. ii. 250, 29. Orgellíce, Homl. Skt. i. 9, 76. Hé cwæþ orgællíce, 5, 449. He forþ, stæpþ wel orglíce swylce hwyle cyng of his giftbúre stæppe geglenged, Anglia viii. 298, 34.
orgelness, e ; f. Pride, elation :-- Orgelnysse elationis, Hpt. Gl. 432, 54.
orgel-word, es; n. An arrogant, insolent speech :-- Ðá cwæþ se ealdorbiscop mid orgelworde, Homl. Th. ii. 248, 21.
or-gete, -gyte, -geate; adj. To be perceived, manifest :-- Ðæt tácn núgyt is orgyte (pervidetur), Ors. I. 7; Swt. 38, 34. Orgeate. Exon. Th. 76, 12; Cri. 1238 : 347, 6; Sch. 8. Tácen orgeatu, 75, 3; Cri. 1216. Is gesýne sóþ orgete cúð oncnáwen, ðæt ðú cyninges eart þegen geþungen, Andr. Kmbl. 1052; An. 526. Is seó wyrd mid eów open orgete, 1517; An. 760. Andrea orgete wearþ folces gebǽro, 3137; An. 1571. Ic eów secgan mæg sóþ orgete, 1702; An. 853. Ðú meaht geseón orgete on mínre sídan swátge wunde, Exon. Th. 89, 17; Cri. 1458.
or-gilde; adj. Unpaid for, applied to one for whom the wergild is not paid :-- Gif hine (the man who has broken his pledge, and will not submit to the penalty) mon ofsieá, licgge hé orgilde, L. Alf. pol. I; Th. i. 60, 15. v. ǽ-gilde.
orglíce, or-gyte. v. orgellîce, or-gete.
or-hlyte; adj. Having no share of, not participating in, free from, without :-- Orhlyte oððe bedǽled expers, Ælfc. Gr. 9, 43; Som. 13, I: 47; Som. 48, 44. Orhlita exsors, Wrt. Voc. i. 51, 48. Wá ðære sáwle ðe orhlyte hyre lîf ádríhþ ðæra háligra mihta. Homl. Th. i. 346, 25. Orhlyte ýdeles gylpes, ii. 286, 28. Ne bist ðú orhlyte eallunge ðæra wítena you shall not altogether escape those torments, 310, 27. Ðæt gé eallunge ðæs andgites orhlyte ne sýn, 188, 28. Eádiges orhlytte, Andr. Kmbl. 1359; An. 680. [O. H. Ger. ur-hlozi, -hlozzo exsors.] Cf. wan-hlyte.
orige (?) in the following passage :-- Se ðe þeóf geféhþ hé áh .x. scitt. . . . Gif hé ðonne óþierne and orige (orrige, MS. H. ) weorðe ðonne biþ hé wítes scyldig he who catches a thief shall have ten shillings . . . If he (the thief) run away, and gets clear off(?), then shall he (the captor. For the responsibility of one who lets a thief escape, see L. In. § § 36, 72) be liable to fine, L. In. 28; Th. i. 120, 7.
or-ildu (o); f. Extreme old age :-- Hine (death) gelettan ðæt hé ðý lator cymþ, ge furþum óþ oreldo hí hine hwílum lettaþ (put off death until extreme old age), Bt. 41, 2; Fox 246, 9. Á ic wundor ðín weorðlíc sægde and ic ðæt wið oryldu áwa fremme usque nunc pronuntiabo mirabilia tua, et usque in senectam et senium, Ps. Th. 70, 16. v. or-eald.
or-læg, -leg, es; n. (?) Fate :-- Nó ic (Daniel) wið feohsceattum ofer folc bere Drihtnes dómas, ac ðé ( Belshazzar) unceápunga orlæg secge, worda gerýnu I will tell thee thy fate (by explaining the writing on the wall), Cd. Th. 262, 19; Dan. 746. Hé ðonne á tô ealdre orleg dreógeþ he then for ever and ever undergoes his fate in hell (cf. Icel. drýgja örlög, to 'dree' one's 'weird'), Exon. Th. 446, 29; Dóm. 29. [O. H. Ger. ur-lag; m. fatum: Icel. ör-lög; n. pl. fate; also war.] v. or-lege.
orlæg-gífre; adj. Eager to cause death (?) :-- Ismahel biþ unhýre orlæggífre wiðerbreca wera cneórissum, Cd. Th. 138, 6; Gen. 2287.
or-leahter= dis-crimen :-- Orleahter discrimen, i. periculum, damnum, Wrt. Voc. ii. 140, 82. Orhlættras discrimina, Hpt. Gl. 450, 43.
or-leahtre; adj. Blameless, faultless: -- Ðæt wæs án cyning ǽghwæs orleahtre, Beo. Th. 3776; B. 1886. Ǽghwylc mennisc leahter on ðǽm eádigan Sancte Iohanne cennendum gestilled wæs, and hié on eallum heora lífe orleahtre gestódan, Blickl. Homl. 163, 17.
orleg-ceáp, es; m. Battle-bargain, fighting (?) :-- Ðǽr wæs eáðfynde eorle orlegceáp se ðe ǽr ne wæs níðes genihtsum there might fighting be easily found for the man that before had not had enough of war, Cd. Th. 120, 13; Gen. 1994.
or-lege, es; n. I. war, strife, hostility :-- Ðá wæs orlege eft onhréred, níð upp árás, Andr. Kmbl. 2605; An. 1304. Ic ðæs orleges or anstelle (speaking of the strife of the elements), Exon. Th. 386, 9; Rü. 4, 59. Se ðæs orleges or onstealde, Beo. Th. 4805; B. 2407. Ðonne wé on orlege hafelan weredon, ðonne hniton féþan, 2657; B. 1326. Nalæs late wǽron eorre æscberend tó ðam orlege, Andr. Kmbl. 94; An. 47: 2411; An. 1207. Hét wǽpen on ðam orlege formeltan, 2293; An. 1148. Hý hine brégdon, budon orlege, egsan and ondan, Exon. Th. 136, 5; Gú. 536. Ðú hafast þurh ðín orlegu ofer witena dóm wísan gefongen, wiðsæcest tó swíðe ðínum brýdguman thou hast by thy hostile proceedings acted contrary to the judgement of wise men, dost reject too violently thy suitor, 248, 17; Jul. 97. II. a place where hostility is shewn :-- Cwǽdon ðæt hé on ðam beorge byrnan sceolde . . . gif hé monna dreám of ðam orlege eft ne wolde sylfa gesécan, 114, 3; Gú. 167. Ðá ðú heán and earm on ðis orlege ǽrest cwóme, 129, 24; Gú. 426. (In both passages the word seems to mean the place which Guthlac had selected for his dwelling, and from which the evil spirits, that before occupied it, wished to drive him. ) Hafaþ nú se hálga helle bireáfod ealles ðæs gafoles ðe hí geárdagum in ðæt orlege swealg, 35, 18; Cri. 560. [Cf. O. Sax. orlegas (-lages, -lagies) word battle-cry: O. Frs. or-loch war; O. H. Ger. or-loge, -liugi bellum, Grff. ii. 137: Icel. or-lygi fate, battle: Dan. or-log warfare at sea: Du. or-log war. v. Grmm. D. M. 381, 817.] v. or-læg and next word.
or-lege; adj. Hostile:-- Wépaþ and heówaþ eall orlegu folc, for ðam úre God eów hæfþ ofercumen . . . orlega þeóda he áléde under úre fét, Ps. Th. 46, 1-3. Ne onégdon ná orlegra níð, ðeáh ðe feónda folc féran cwóme, Cd. Th. 259, 26; Dan. 697.
orleg-from; adj. Stout in battle :-- Oft ic gǽstberend cwelle compwǽpmim; cyning mec . . . hwílum lǽteþ sceacan orlegfromne, Exon. Th. 401, 21; Rii. 21, 15.
orleg-hwíl, e; f. Battle-time, time of war :-- Nú is leódum wén orleg-hwíle, Beo. Th. 5814; B. 2911. Fela ic gúþrǽsa genæs, orleghwíla, 4845; B. 2427. [Cf. O. Sax. orlag-hwila the hour of death.]
orleg-níð, es; m. Hostility, strife, Cd. Th. 6, 6; Gen. 84: 56, 20; Gen. 915.
orleg-stund, e; f. A time of trouble, time when the unfavourable decree of fate is carried out :-- Dreógeþ earfoþu orlegstunde, Salm. Kmbl. 750: Sal. 374.
orleg-weorc, es; n. War-work, action :-- Se ðæt orlegweorc (the defeat of the people of Sodom) gecýðde, Cd. Th. 122, 2; Gen. 2020.
or-mǽte; adj. Immense, excessive :-- Ormǽte gigas, Hymn. Surt. 44, 13. Ormǽde, 112, 23. Ðǽr læg sum ormíéta stán, Homl. Th. ii. 164, 29. Duru ormǽte. Exon. Th. 19, 32; Cri. 309. þreát ormǽte, 270, 14; Jul. 465. þreá ormǽte. Andr. Kmbl. 2333; An. 1168. Hé mid ormǽtre angsumnysse wæs gecwylmed. Homl. Th. i. 88, 5. Bifigende mid ormǽtre cwacunge, 504, 28. For ðære ormǽtan éhtnysse, ii. 542, 20. Hié woldon ormǽte feoh gegaderian. Bt. 24, 2; Fox 82, 17. Ðágesomnode man ormǽte fyrde, Chr. 1001; Erl. 137, 10. Ða ormǽtan minacem, Wrt. Voc. ii. 55, 1. Ormǽte buccan magnicaper, i. 23, 58. Lecgan him onuppan ormǽte (ingentia) weorcstánas, Jos. 10, 27. Ic dreág yfel ormǽtu, Exon. Th. 280, 10; Jul. 627. Þurh ða ormátan éhtnyssa, Homl. Th. i. 6, 2. [Orm. orr-mete.]
or-mǽte; adv. Excessively, exceedingly, without measure :-- Mé ðínes húses heard ellenwód æt ormǽte (or adj. ?), Ps. 68, 9.
[ormǽt-líc; adj. Excessive :-- Ðises geáres wurdon ormǽtlíca wædera, Chr. 1117; Erl. 246, 14.]
ormǽtness, e; f. Excess, immensity :-- Hátheorte láreówas þurh wódnysse hátheortnysse láre gemet tó ormǽtnysse wælhreównysse gecyrraþ iracundi doctores per rabiam furoris disciplinae modum ad inmanitatem crudeliíatis convertunt, Scint. 32. Þurh ormǽtnysse ðæs godcundlícan leóhtes. Homl. Th. ii. 186, 15. Micelre ormǽt[nysse] mirae magnitudinis. Hpt. Gl. 454, 77. Náht elles gestincan búton unstenca ormǽtnessa, Wulfst. 139, 8.
or-met (?) a very great mass, something immense :-- Ormetum molibus, Wrt. Voc. ii. 55, 75 : 114, 20. Cf. ge-met.
or-met[t], -mete; adj. Excessive, without measure :-- Ymbhogena ormete rén (cf. se rén ungemetlíces ymbhogan, Bt. 12; Fox 36, 19), Met. 7, 36. Hé mid ormettum mynum mé gefretewode he decked me with priceless jewels, Homl. Skt. i. 7, 37.
or-mód; adj. Without courage, hopeless, despairing :-- Ðis folc is geirged and ormód ongén eów elanguerunt omnes kabitatores terrae, Jos. 2, 9. Se ðe hine forþencþ, se biþ ormód. Bt. 8; Fox 24, 18. Wæs ðá ormód eorl, áre ne wénde, ne on ðam fæstene frófre gemunde, Met. l, 78: 5, 30. Mín sylfes gást wæs ormód worden defeat spiritus mens. Ps. Th. 76, 4. Ðý læs hé ormód sý ealra þinga. Exon. Th. 294, 12; Crä. 14. Ne beó ðú tó ormód ðeáh ðé sí on unriht gedémed be not too much discouraged, though judgement be given wrongfully against thee. Prov. Kmbl. 34. Ða lytelmódan ðonne hié ongietaþ hiera unbældo, hié weorðaþ oft ormóde (in desperationem cadunt), Past. 32, i; Swt. 209, 8: Homl. Th. i. 536, 6: Nar. 32, 23. Hig ormóde (orwéne, MS. D. ) ne gedó, L. de Cf. 1; Th. ii. 260, 14. [O. H. Ger. ur-mót disperatus. "]
or-módness, e; f. Desperation, despair :-- Ormódnes disperatio, Wrt. Voc. ii. 140, 72. Mid ðý hé ús geseah on ormódnesse (in desperatione) gesette, Bd. 5, 1; S. 614, 5. Ðá se earma man ðus mid ormódnesse sprecendé wæs sic loquebatur miser desperans, 5, 13; S. 633, 21. Tó ormódnesse ad desperationem, Past. 14, 3; Swt. 83, 19: 21, 7; Swt. 165, 19. Hæfde hine seó deófollíce strǽl mid ormódnysse gewundodne: wæs se eádiga wer Gúðlác mid ðære ormódnysse þrí dagas gewundod, ðæt hé sylfa nyste hwider hé wolde mid his móde gecyrran, Guthl. 4; Gdwin. 28, 13-17. Ic habbe ongiten ðíne ormódnesse . . . ðú sǽdest ðæt ðú wǽre bereáfod ǽlces gódes, Bt. 5, 3; Fox 12, 31. Ic eom geunrótsod fulneáh óþ ormódnesse, 41, 2; Fox 246, 14.
orne; adj. Unhealthy, harmful :-- Mid Godes fultume ne wyrð him nán orne with God's help no harm will be done him. Lchdm. iii. 16, 5. Wið ornum útgange, 70, 25. v. un-orne.
ornest, es; n. Trial by battle :-- Gif Englisc man beclypaþ ǽnigne Frænciscne mann tó orneste for þeófte . . . oððe for ǽnigan þingan ðe gebyrige ornest for tó beónne . . . hæbbe hé fulle leáfe swá tó dónne. And gif se Englisca forsæcþ ðæt ornest, W. ii. 1; Th. i. 489, 5-9: ii. 2-3; Th. i. 489, 11-25. v- eornost, orrest.
oroþ orþ, es; n. Breath, breathing :-- Oroþ oððe gást flamen, Wrt. Voc. 11. 37, ii: flatus, spiritus, 149, 32: anhela, Rtl. 192, 21. Hé oroþ stundum teáh . . . swá wæs óþ ǽfen oroþ up hlæden, Exon. Th. 178, 17-30; Gú. 1245-1252. Heora oruþ biþ swylce líg ignem et flammam flantes, Nar. 34, 32: Beo. Th. 5107; B. 2557. Orþ spiraculum (cf. lífes orþung spiraculum vitae, Gen. 2, 7), Kent. Gl. 757. Orþas ɫ hfæstes ( = orþes ɫ fnæstes) spiritus, Hpt. Gl. 464, 24: 454, 66. Oreþe aura, Wrt. Voc. ii. 6, 56: flatu, 38, 9. Wið áttorsceaþan (dragon) oreþe. Beo. Th. 5671; B. 2839. Eallinga gewǽced and ðam orþe belocen, Glostr. Frag. 102, 13. Hé mid langre swóretunge ðæt orþ of ðam breóstum teáh, Guthl. 20; Gdwin. 84, 20. Ðurh áttres oraþ, Salm. Kmbl. 441; Sal. 221. Ðú him on dydest oruþ and sáwul, Hy. Grn. 9, 55. Oroþo anhelae, Rtl. 192, 25.
orped; adj. Grown up, of full strength, stout, active, bold :-- Lá orpeda cleric, gif ðú wylle witan ða terminos ðe wé ymbe sprǽcon, wite hwylc gér hyt sý ðæs mónan ðæt man hǽt lunaris, Anglia viii. 325, 5. Swá gedafenaþ esnum ðam orpedan, ðonne hé gód weorc ongynþ, ðæt hé ðæt geornlíce beswynce, 324, 17. Orped[n]e, snellne adultum, Hpt. Gl. 485, 25. [Orpud audax, bellipotens, Promp. Parv. 371, v. note for other examples of the word, Þe guode kniʒt and orped, þet heþ guod herte and hardi. Ayenb. 183, 6. Jamieson gives orpit proud.] v. next word.
orpedlíce; adv. Boldly, in full force :-- Wé willaþ ámearkian ðás epactas and eác ða regulares lunares, ðæt hig openlíc[r]e and orpedlíce standun beforan ðæs preóstes gesyhþe that they may stand out clearly and boldly in sight of the priest, Anglia viii. 301, 31. [Cf. But for þe emperoor hadde out of his companye þe orped man (virum strenuum) Bonefacius, þe emperour dede noþing orpedliche (nihil strenue egit), Trev. v. 231, 13-15. He orpedly strydeʒ, Bremly broþe. Gaw. 2232. penne orppedly in to his hous he hyʒed to Sare, Allit. Pms. 56, 623.]
orrest battle :-- Hé hine on orreste ofercom, Chr. 1096; Erl. 233, 4. [A Danish form, Icel, orrosta battle. Orm. he wass Inn orresst ʒæn þe deofell.]
orretscipe, es; m. Infamy, disgrace :-- Ðæs unhlíseádgan orretscipe infamis, Wrt. Voc. ii. 44, 49. Orretscipe infamis, 85, 11.
orrettan to disgrace, put to shame, cover with confusion :-- Orretteþ turpabat, Wrt. Voc. ii. 91, 18: subfundit, 78, 19. Onretteþ (or-?) de-turpans, 26, 56 : 82, 56. Cf. georrettan infamare, 47, 26: 92, 33. v. ge-orettan.
or-sáwle; adj. Without soul, lifeless :-- Orsáule exsangue, Wrt. Voc. ii. 33, 28. Næs ðá deád ðá gyt, ealles orsáwle, Judth. Thw. 23, 6; Jud. 108. Saga ðæt heó láme bilúce líc orsáwle in þeóstorcofan. Exon. Th. 173, 28; Gú. 1167.
or-sceattinga; adv. Gratuitously, free of charge :-- Hí láreówas or-sceattinga sealdon magisterium gratuitum praebere curabant, Bd. 3, 27; S. 558, 27. Cf. or-ceápe, -ceápunga.
or-sorg, -sorh; adj; with gen. I. free from care, without anxiety, secure, prosperous: -- Orsorh securus, Kent. Gl. 365 : Wrt. Voc. i. 83, 59. Orsorg lentus, ii. 96, 62 : consors, 15, 23 : 105, 18. Orsorh wǽpna securus armorum, Ælfc. Gr. 41; Som. 44, 9. Se tó ánra ðara burga (the cities of refuge) gefliéhþ ðonne mæg hé beón orsorg ðæs monnsliehtes he may be without anxiety as to the manslaughter he has committed; reus perpetrati homicidii non tenetur, Past. 21, 7; Swt. 167, 20. Ne þorftest ðú ðé nánwuht ondrǽdan, . . Ðonne ðú ðonne orsorg wǽre, Bt. T. J., 3; Fox 46, 30. Næs ic nǽfre swá emnes módes ðæt ic eallunga wǽre orsorg, ðæt ic swá orsorg wǽre ðæt ic náne gedréfednesse næfde, 26, 1; Fox 90, 26. Seó wiðerwearde wyrd byþ ǽlcum men nytwyrðre ðonne seó orsorge (prospera), 20; Fox 70, 30. Orsorg líf lǽdaþ woruldmen wíse, ðonne hé forsihþ eorþlícu gód and ðara yfela orsorh wunaþ, Met. 7, 43. Hé furþon orsorh ne brícþ his genihtsumnysse he does not enjoy even his abundance without anxiety, Homl. Th. i. 64, 34. Uton lǽtan bión ðás sprǽce and bión unc ðæs orsorge secure concludere licet, Bt. 34, 7; Fox 144, 18. tó upáhafen for orsorgum woruldgesǽlþum (cf. on ðinre orsorgnesse. Fox 14, 35) too much uplifted on account of untroubled earthly felicity, Met. 5, 33. II. secure from danger, safe :-- Orsorg tuta, Wrt. Voc. ii. 123, 2. Samson eode him swá orsorh of heora gesihþum, Jud. 16, 3. Hé ús sealde orsorh wuldor (glory secure from the assaults of men), Blickl. Homl. 151, 12. Ða hálgan martyras orsorge becómon tó wulderbeáge ðæs écan lífes, Homl. Th. i. 416, 9. Wit begra ǽr wǽron orsorge we before were safe from both (hunger and thirst). Cd. Th. 50, 5; Gen. 804. Wé beóþ for eów and eów orsorge gedóþ (cf. wé gedóþ eów sorhleáse securos vos faciemus; we will secure you, Mt. Kmbl. 28, 14), Nicod. 17; Thw. 8, 23. [O. H. Ger. ur-sorg securus.]
orsorg-líc adj. with gen. Secure :-- Ðæt líf ðara gesinhíwena mæg bión orsorglíc ǽlcra wíta conjugalis vita a supfliciis secura est, Past. 51, 6; Swt. 399, 22.
orsorglíce; adv. I. without anxiety :-- Geoffra Gode ðone ðe ðú getuge, ðæt ðú ðý orsorglícor becume tó ðam æðelan wulderbeáge offer to God him whom thou hast brought up, that with the less anxiety thou mayest come to the noble crown of glory, Homl. Th. i. 418, 5, II. carelessly, rashly :-- Ðæt hiera nán ne durre grípan suá orsorglíce on ðæt ríce, Past. 4, 2; Swt. 41, 5. III. securely, safely :-- Forðam ðe hit swá earfoðe is ǽnegum menn tó witanne hwonne hé geclǽnsod síe, hé mæg ðý orsorglícor (tutius) forbúgan ða þegnunga, 7, 2; Swt. 51, 6. Hí woldon ðý máran anweald habban, ðæt hý mihton ðý orsorglícor ðissa woruldlusta brúcan, Bt. 24, 2; Fox 82, 15. Sió nafu færþ micle fæstlícor and orsorglícor ðonne ða felgan, 39, 7; Fox 220, 30.
orsorgness, e; f. I. freedom from care or anxiety, tranquillity :-- Caru cura, orsorhnys securitas, Wrt. Voc. i. 83, 60-61. Sibb and orsorhnes pax et securitas, Bd. 4, 25; S. 601, 29. II. prosperity :-- Dysigra monna orsorgness (prosperitas) hí fordéþ. Past. 50, 2; Swt. 387, 34. Ða míne sǽlþa and seó orsorgnes prosperitas mea, Bt. 10; Fox 26, 26. Seó orsorhnes. . . seó wiðerweardnes prospera fortuna. . . . adversa, 20; Fox 72, 4. Ðæt ðú ðé ne anhebbe on ð ínre gesundfulnesse and on ðínre orsorgnesse, 6; Fox 14, 35. Cuman tó ræste and tó orsorgnesse, 25; Fox 88, 31. Hú forht hé sceal beón for ǽlcre orsorgnesse prospera formidanda. Past. 3; Swt. 33, 5: Swt. 35, 1. 2, 8. Ðe ðisses middangeardes orsorgnesse ne gímþ, ne him náne wiðerweardnesse ne andrǽt qui prospera mundi postposuit, qui nulla adversa pertimescit, 10, 1; Swt. 61, 8. Orsorgnesse prosperitatem, 50, 1; Swt. 387, 22.
ort-geard, es; m. An orchard, garden :-- Orcyrd hortus. Wrt. Voc. i. 84, 51. Orceard, orcird, orcyrd, orcgyrd, ordceard, Ælfc. Gr. 8; Zup. 28, 11. Se ordceard, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. iv. 72, 5. Of ǽlcum treówe ðises orcerdes, Gen. 2, 16. Ðú ðe eardast on frióndes ortgearde (orcgearde, MS. Hat.), Past. 49, 2; Swt. 380, 14. Suá se ceorl déþ his ortgeard, 40, 3; Swt. 293, 4. God áplantode wynsumnisse orcerd (the garden of Eden,) Gen. 2, 8. Beóþ hyra orcerdas mid æpplum áfyllede, Lchdm. iii. 252, 22. Seó eorþe stód mid holtum ágrówen . . . mid æppelbǽrum treówum and mid orcgeardum, Hexam. 6; Norm. 12, 6. [Goth. aurti-gards.]
ortgeard-weard, es; m. A gardener :-- Orcerdweard ortulanus, Wrt. Voc. i. 84, 52.
or-þanc, es; m. n. Original, inborn thought. I. mind, genius, wit, understanding; ingenium :-- Orþanc ingenium, cræftica artifex, Wrt. Voc.i. 47, 8-9. Líflíces orþa[nces] vivacis ingenii, Hpt. Gl. 407, 40-43. Hé genam þurh heora láre on his orþance ða egeslícan dǽda, Ælfc. T. Grn. 17, 21. Nú wolde ic ðæt ða æðela[n] clericas ásceócon fram heora andgites orþance ǽlce sleacnysse, Anglia viii. 301, 4. Gif ðonne [man] mid orþonce (skilfully) ðisses þinges fundian wille, Lchdm. i. 100, 6. Yfele orþance malo ingenio, Wrt. Voc. ii. 56, 8. Orþancas ingenia, Germ. 397, 423. Orþancum ingeniis, Wülck. Gl. 250, 5. II. a skilful contrivance or work, artifice, device, design :-- Orþanc molimen (cf. searo molimen, Wrt. Voc. ii. 54, 29), Ælfc. Gr. 9, 12; Som. 9, 32. His ofermédu is fruma úres forlores and se orþonc (argumentum, cf. searwe argumenta, Wrt. Voc. ii. 84, 69) ðe wé mid áliésde siendon is Godes eáðmódnes, Past. 41, 1; Swt. 301, 9. Mid orþance argumento, Hpt. Gl. 439, 3 : Wrt. Voc. ii. 9, 12. Orþonce, gleáwnysse argumento, 2, 11. Hwá is ðæt ðe cunne orþonc clǽne (the creation) nymðe éce God ? Cd. Th. 266, 6; Sat. 18. Orþancas argumenta, commenta, Hpt. Gl. 479, 68. Orþanc commenta, i. machinamenta, excogitata, astutia, argumenta, machinationes, ficta, fraudes, sarwa dicta, mendacia, Wülck. Gl. 206, 42-46. Orþonc machinamenta. Wrt. Voc. ii. 113, 74. Orþoncum. searwum commentis, 14, 82. Orþancum machinamentis. Hpt. Gl. 477, 9 : argumentis, 486, 19. Stán in goldfate smiþa orþoncum biseted, Exon. Th. 219, 8; Ph. 304: Beo. Th. 817; B. 406. Ealle ða orþancas tóslíteþ, Salm. Kmbl. 145; Sal. 72. U Orþoncum skilfully, cunningly, ingeniously, with art :-- Orþanc[um?] subtiliter, sagaciter, Hpt. Gl. 407, 21. Is se sweora orþancum geworht (cunningly wrought), Exon. Th. 483, 15; Rá. 69, 3: Beo. Th. 4180; B. 2087. Ðæt orþancum ealde reccaþ, Cd. Th. 200, 19; Exod. 359. [O. H. Ger. ur-dank argumentum, commentum. ]
or-þanc, es; m. [or without] Thoughtlessness, want of thought :-- Nǽnig man scile oft orþances (heedlessly) át ábrédan wǽpnes ecgge, Salm. Kmbl. 329; Sal. 164.
or-þanc; adj. Cunning, skilful :-- Ceastra beóþ feorran gesýne, orþanc enta geweorc, wrǽtlíc weallstána geweorc. Menol. Fox 463; Gn. C. 2. Orþonc ǽrsceaft. Exon. Th. 477, 1; Ruin. 16. Mé þurh hrycg wrecen hongaþ under án orþonc píl, óðer on heáfde, Exon. Th. 403, 23; Rá. 22, 12. Hwǽr com heora snyttro and seó orþonce gláunes, and se ðe gebregdnan dómas démde ? Blickl. Homl. 99, 31.
orþanc-bend; m; f. A skilfully contrived band :-- Bewrigene orþonc-bendum. Exon. Th. 429, 35; Rá. 43, 15.
orþanoscipe, es; m. Art, mechanical art, mechanics :-- Orþancscipe mechanica (the word occurs at the end of a list of the arts. Cf. in a similar list searocræft mechanica, Wrt. Voc. ii. 81, 61), Hpt. Gl. 479, 61. Orþancscipe mechanicam, i. peritiam ɫ fabricam rerum, 528, 65. Searwa, orþanscipes (-as ?) molimina, ingenia, 502, 54.
orþian; p. ode To breathe, pant :--Ic orþige spiro, Ælfc. Gr. 19; Som. 22, 42. Ic on orþige inspiro, 47; Som. 48, 44. Animal is ǽlc þing ðæt orþaþ, 5; Som. 4, 41. Ðonne se sacerd cristnaþ, ðonne orþaþ hé on ðone man, Wulfst. 33, 18. Gást oreþaþ spiritus spirat, Jn. Skt. 3, 8. þurh ðæt lyft wé orþiaþ and eác ða nýtenu, Hexam. 4; Norm. 8, 18. Ælc þing ðe orþode omne quod spirare poterat, Jos. 10, 40. Orþode palpitavit (palpavit, MS. ), Germ. 402, 73. Orþige palpitet, 398, 116. Hé ne gedyrstlǽceþ ðæt hé furþon orþige he dare not even breathe, Homl;. Th. i. 456, 10. Hé earfoþlíce orþian mihte, 86, 8. Ðá ongann hé tó éðele ðæs upplícan lífes mid eallum gewilnungum orþian then began he to pant for the country of the life above with all his desires, ii. 118, 26. Orþiende swétnyssa spirans balsama, Hymn. Surt. 98, 19.
orþung, e; f. I. breathing, breath :-- Ðæra dracena orþung ácwealde ðæt earme mennisc, Homl. Th. ii. 474, 6. Syllaba is stæfgefég on ánre orþunge geendod, Ælfc. Gr. 3; Som. 3, 13. Of orþunga gástes graman ðínes ab inspiratione spiritus irae tuae, Ps. Spl. 17, 18. Nán mann ne nýten næfþ náne orþuage búton þurh ða lyfte, Lchdm. iii. 272, 22. Óþ ða nýhstan orþuncge until his latest breath, L. /Elf. E. 4; Th. ii. 392, 10. God on ábleów on hys ansíne lífes orþunge (spiraculum vitae), Gen. 2, 7. II a breathing-hole (? cf. preceding passage), a pore :-- Orþung spiramentum vel porus, Wrt. Voc. i. 54, 67. v. on-orþung.
or-treófwe, -triéwe, -trýwe; adj. I. despairing, hopeless :-- Da him eorla mod ortrýwe wearþ, Cd. Th. 18 f, 21; Exod. 154. Wé tó wáce hýraþ Qrum Drihtne, and wg to ortreówe (-trýwe, MS. A. : -truwe, MS. C. ) syndan Godes mihta and his mildheortnesse, Wulfst. gi, 14. Hia æt níhstan wǽron ortriéwe (-treówe, MS. C. ) hwæðer him ǽnig moneáca cuman sceolde, Ors. 4, l; Swt. 158, 19. II. faithless, perfidious :-- Ortrúes cyuesdómes perfidi pellicatus, Hpt. Gl. 521, 33. Ortreówra cempena perfidorum militum, 415,
or-treowness, e; f. Want of faith or confidence, mistrust :-- Ortreownes diffidentia, desperantia, Wrt. Voc. ii. 140, 18. Hé æteówde ða wunda ðǽm ungeleáflullum mannum, forðon ðe hé nolde ðæt ǽnig ortrýwnes wǽre embe his ǽriste, Blickl. Homl. 91, 3.
or-trúwian; p. ode To be without hope of, to despair of :-- Hé ortrúw-ode his Drihtnys mildheortnysse he despaired of his Lord's mercy, Ælfc. T. Grn. 17, 25. To ortrúwienne desperandum, Wulck. Gl. 250, 36. v. newt two words and ge-ortruwian.
or-truwung, e; f. Despair :-- Se ðe forgyfenysse be synne ortrúwaþ swýðor be ortrúwunge ðænne be synne áfealþ. Ortrúwung geýcþ synne qui veniam de peccato desperat plus de desperatione quam de peccat cadit. Desperatio auget peccatum, Scint. 34.
or-trywan to despair of :-- Ne ortrywan hig Godes mildheortnysse ne desperent illi de misericordia Dei, L. Ecg. P. ii. 20; Th. ii. 130, 7.
or-tydre; adj. Without offspring, barren :-- Ontydre (Wnlcker reads ortydre) effeto, sinefoetu, Wrt. Voc. ii. 142, 46. v. on-tydre.
or-wearde; adv. Wit/tout guard, in an unprotected condition :-- Syðdan orwearde ǽnigne dǽl secgas geségon on sele wunian, lǽne licgan after men saw any part (of the dragon's hoard) lying there without its warder. Beo. Th. 6245; B. 3127.
or-wegness, e; f. Inaccessibility, remoteness :-- Orwegnes devta, s. loca secreta et abdita, quasi extra via, vel invia, sine via, Wrt. Voc. ii. 139, 55.
orweg-stig, e; f. A path difficult of access :-- Orwegstig devia callis (-us, MS. ), Wrt. Voc. ii. 139, 57. Horwegstíg (but cf. horu-weg), 25, 25.
or-wena; adj. with gen. Hopeless, despairing :-- Ðá wearþ his agen sunu yfele geuntrumed, and orwéna lífes læg æt /orþsíðe, Homl. Skt. i. 3, 301: Beo. Th. 2008; B. 1002 : 3134; 6. 1565: Exon. Th. 329, 27; Vy. 40. Friþes orwéna, 261, 25; Jul. 320. Ic eom orwéna, ðæt. . ., Cd. Th. 134, 10; Gen. 2222. Wǽron orwénan éðelrihtes, 191, 7; Exod. 211. Sindon gé firenum bifongne, feores orwénan, Exon. Th. 139, 27; Gú. 599. v. next word.
or-wéne; adj. with gen. I. not having ground for hope, without hope, despairing :-- Biþ orwéne ðæt hé ne mǽge ða bóte áberan desperet posse se emendationem perferre, L. Ecg. P. i. 4; Th. ii. 172, 23. Hé wearþ his lífes orwéne. Homl. Th. i. 86, 28. Hé læg his lífes orwéne, Homl. Skt. i. 21, 301: Glostr. Frag. 6, 18: Chart. Th. 339, 22. Hié ðæs écan lífes orwéne wǽron, Blickl. Homl. 85, 27. Huí wǽron orwéne hwæðer. . ., Ors. 4, 9; Swt. 192, 4. II. not giving ground for hope, desperate, despaired of :-- Wenstú ðæt ic sceole sprecan to ðissum treówleásan men and tó ðissum orwénan drý (this desperate sorcerer), Blickl. Homl. 183, 32. Æt orwénum lífe when life is despaired of; in extremitate vitae, L. Ecg. P. i. tit. x; Th. ii. 170, 18. Wé ðá bútan orenum (orwénum ?) þingum mete þigdon ab securis nobis epule capiuntur, Nar. 24, 2. See preceding word.
or-wénness, e; f. Despair, hopelessness :-- Ðonne biþ him seó orwénnys (desperatio illa) tó máran synne geteald, L. Ecg. P. i. 4; Th. ii. 172, 24. Hwí sprecst ðú mid swá micelre orwénnysse? Homl. Th. i. 534, 22. On orwénnysse his ágenre hǽle in despair of his own salvation, Ælfc. T. Grn. 17, 24. Woldon hý geteón in orwénnysse Meotudes cempan, Exon. Th. 136, 27; Gú. 547.
or-weorð, -wurð, es; n. Ignominy, shame :-- Gefyl ansýne heora of orwurðe (ignominia), Ps. Spl. C. 82, 15. v. or-wirðu.
or-wíge; adj. I. defenceless, without power of fighting :-- Orwíge inbellem, Wrt. Voc. ii. 45, 69: 111, 81. Ofsleán mé míne fýnd orwígne decidam merito ab inimicis meis inanis, Ps. Th. 7, 4. Saga hú ðú wurde ðus wígþríst ðæt ðú mec ðus fæste gebunde ǽghwæs orwígne (without any power of resisting), Exon. Th. 268, 18; Jul. 434. II. not liable to a charge of homicide, said of one who, under the circumstances mentioned in the following passages, caused a person's death, but was not exposed on that account to the consequences which usually followed homicide (cf. Icel. víg homicide):--Wé cweþaþ ðæt mon móte mid his hláforde feohtan orwíge (onwíge, MS. H.), gif mon on ðone hláford fiohte; swá mót se hláford mid ðý men feohtan (cf. Unicuique licet domino suo sine wita subvenire, L. H. I. 82, 3; Th. i. 590, 2). Æfter ðære ilcan wísan mon mót feohtan mid his geborene mǽge, gif him mon on wóh on feohteþ. And mon mót feohtan orwíge, gif hé geméteþ óðerne æt his ǽwum wífe, betýnedum durum oððe under ánre reón, oððe æt his dehter ǽwum-borenre, oððe æt his swister, oððe æt his médder ðe wǽre tó ǽwum wífe forgifen his fæder, L. Alf. pol. 42; Th. i. 90, 20-30. (Cf. L. H. I. 82, 4-8; Th. i. 590, 5-22.)
or-wircðed disgraced, cf, ge-oruuierdid traductus, Txts. 100, 990. Georuuyrde, 103, 2042. Georwyrðed traducta, Wrt. Voc. ii. 85, 14.
or-wirðlíc; adj. Ignominious, shameful :-- God hine forlét in ðisse nyþerlícan worulde swá orwyrþlícne déþ þrowian, ðæt hé hine wolde in ðære heán worulde gelǽdan, Shrn. 123, 10.
or-wirðu, indecl.; -wirð, e; f. Ignominy, shame, dishonour :-- Gefyl onsiéne heara mid orwyrðe imple facies eorum ignominia, Ps. Surt. 82, 17. Mé ðín dohtor hafaþ geýwed orwyrðu thy daughter hath shewn me dishonour, Exon. Th. 246, 29; Jul. 69.
ós a divinity, god, the Anglo-Saxon form of a word whose existence in Gothic is inferred from a passage in Jornandes, 'Gothi proceres suos quasi qui fortuna vincebant non pares homines sed semideos, id est, Anses vocavere.' The Icelandic, which throws out n before s, as the Anglo-Saxon does (cf. Icel. gás: A. S. gós), has áss; pl. æsir, a term which has an application in the opening chapters of the Yngling Saga very similar to that attributed to anses among the Goths: Odin, Thor, and other personages of the Scandinavian mythology are the Æsir. Particularly apparently did the term refer to Thor, so that the proper name Ás-björn is used as the equivalent of Þor-björn. As the first part of Scandinavian proper names it occurs frequently, and it is in the same dependent character that it mostly, if not exclusively, is found in Anglo-Saxon and O. H. German. Thus Ós-beorn, Ós-lác, Ós-wine, Ós-weald preserve the word which is found in Ás-björn, Ás-lákr, Ás-mundr, and this is certainly the independent áss. The O. H. Ger. Ans-gár shews the same word. Whether ós in the sense of god occurs as an independent word is doubtful. It is the name of the Rune RUNE, which in the Runic poem is accompanied by the following verse:-- 'Ós byþ ordfruma ǽlcre sprǽce Wísdómes wraðu and witena frófur And eorla gehwam eádnís and tóhyht.' Runic pm. Kmbl. 340, 5-10; Rún. 4. Kemble translates ós by mouth (as if the Latin word had been taken?), but if the verse is old, the reference might be to Woden. Cf. the account of Óðinn in the Yngfinga Saga: þar þóttust Ódins menn eiga ale traust, er hann var, c. 2. Óðinn var göfgastr af öllum, ok af honum námu þeir allir íþróttirnar: því at hann kunni fyrst allar ok þó fiestar. . . . Hann ok hofgoðar hans heita ljóðasmiðir, því at sfi íþrótt hófst af þeim í norðrlöndum, c. 6. See also c. 7, and Salm. Kmbl. p. 192: Saga mé hwá ǽrost bócstafas sette? Ic ðe secge Mercurius ( = Woden) se gygand. Further in Lchdm. iii. 54, in a charm, occurs a genitive pl. ésa :-- Gif hit wǽre ésa gescot, oððe hit wǽre ylfa gescot, oððe hit wǽre hægtessan gescot, nú ic wille ðín helpan. Ðis Ðis ðé tó bóte ésa gescotes, &c. . . . But though on the comparison of other forms, a nom. pl. és might be inferred for Ís, the change of vowel would not occur in the genitive, which should be ósa. Ésa would point to a singular és (cf. ést; Goth. ansts). The meaning however of the word is that given to ós. See Grmm. D. M. p. 22.
ósle, an; f. An ousel, blackbird :-- Óslae merula, Txts. 78, 665: Wrt. Voc. ii. 114, 1. Ósle, i. 281, 17. [O. H. Ger. amsala, amisala: Ger. amsel.]
osogen=á-sogen (?):--Osogen wǽre sugillaretur [cf. wǽre forsocen (in margin forgnegen), sugillaretur, Hpt. Gl. 484, 68], Wrt. Voc. ii. 82, 23.
óst, es; m. (?) A knot, knob :-- Óst nodus, Txts. 80, 688: Wrt. Voc. ii. 60, 66. Copses, óstes cippi, Hpt. Gl. 482, 61. Yfele treówes on óste yfel nægel oððe wecg on tó fæstnigenne ys male arboris nodo malus clavus aut cuneus infingendus est, Scint. 27. Of ðǽm óstum ðæs treówes flóweþ út swétes stences wǽte, Shrn. 67, 29.
oster-hláf, es; m. An oyster-patty :-- Osterhláfas sint tó forbeódanne, Lchdm. ii. 210, 28. See Lchdm. iii. Glossary.
oster-scill, e; f. An oyster-shell :-- Mid ostorscyllum gecnucud and gemenged, Lchdm. i. 338, 16.
Óst-Gotan; pl. The Ostrogoths :-- Þeódoríc Óstgotona cyning, Shrn. 85, 26.
óstig; adj. Knotty, rough, scaly :-- Óstig gyrd scorpio, Wrt. Voc. i. 21, 17. Óstig nodosus, óstigre nodosa, óstigum nodosis, Hpt. Gl. 483, 66, 65, 57. Ósties, rúches nodosi, 482, 60. Óstie squamigeros, scabrosos, 464, 45. Þý óstihan nodosa, Wrt. Voc. ii. 93, 37.
óstiht; adj. Knotty, rough :-- Óstihtum nodosi, Wrt. Voc. ii. 82, 2: 60, 65.
ostre, an; f. An oyster :-- Ostre ostrea, Wrt. Voc. ii. 63, 71: i. 65, 67: ostrea vel ostreum, 77, 70. Ðonne cumaþ ða oftost of mettum and of cealdum drincan swá swá sindon cealde ostran and æpla, Lchdm. ii. 244, 2: Coll. Monast. Th. 24, 9. [From Latin.]
Óst-sǽ the Baltic with the Cattegat, the water east of Denmark and of the Scandinavian peninsula as that on the western coast is called Westsǽ, Ors. 1, 1; Swt. 17, 3:-- Be norþan Súþdenum is ðæs gársecges earm ðe mon hǽt Ostsǽ. . . Norþdene habbaþ be norþan him ðone ilcan sǽs earm ðe mon hǽt Óstsǽ, Ors. l, 1; Swt. 16, 23-28. [Ger. Ost-see the Baltic: cf. Icel. fara á Austrveg, a phrase used of trading or piratical expeditions in the Baltic.]
oter, otr, es; m. An otter :-- Otr lutrus, Txts. 74, 585. Otor, Wrt. Voc. ii. 51, 18: lutria, i. 22, 49. Ottor sullus. 121, 51. Oter lutrius, i. 78, 15. Of oteres hole, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. iii. 418, 17. [Icel. otr: O. H. Ger. ottar, oter.]
oter-hola, an; m. An otter's hole :-- Of ðam oterholan, Cod. Dipl. Kmbl. iii. 23, 30.
óþ; prep, I. with dat. (l) local, marking a point reached, to, unto, as far as :-- Fram eástdǽle óþ westdǽle, and fram súþdǽle óþ norþdǽle, Gen. 28, 14. (2) referring to time, until :-- Fram Davide óþ Daniele ðam wítegan, Ælfc. T. Grn. 7, 13. (3) marking extent, degree, so much as :-- Nis se ðe dó gód, nis óþ ánum (usque ad unum), Ps. Spl. 13, 2: 52, 4. II. with acc. (l) local, marking a point reached, to, up to, as far as :-- Óþ eorþan endas, Deut. 28, 64: Ps. Th. 71, 8. Ðú nyðer færst óþ helle, Mt. ll, 23. Hé him æfter rád óþ ðæt geweorc, Chr. 878; Erl. 80, 15. Hé him æfterfylgende wæs óþ v míla tó ðære byrig Cartanense ad quintum lapidem a Carthagine statuit, Ors. 4, 5: Swt. 168, 32: 3, 4; Swt. 104, 2: 4, 10; Swt. 194, 7. Óþ Eufraten, Cd. Th. 133, 6; Gen. 2206. (l a) in phrases marking extent, degree or measure:--Óþ ðæt eatenus vel eotenus, Wrt. Voc. i. 61, 30. Óþ hielt capulo tenus, Wrt. Voc. ii. 19, 7. Óþ ða hylta, Ælfc. Gr. 47; Som. 48, 7. Hí druncan óþ ða drosna usque ad feces biberunt, Som. 47, 45. Oþ mannes breóst heáh as high as a man's breast, Blickl. Homl. 127, 6: 245, 33. Hié ðæt gild gefyldan eal óþ grund, 221, 33. Ðæt hí óþ forwyrd fordiligade ne wǽron, Bd. l, 16; S. 484, 17. Se Ægipta slóh frumbearn ǽghwylc ealra óþ ða nýtenu (down to the very beasts), Ps. Th. 134, 8. Seóð ðonne óþ huniges þicnesse, Lchdm. ii. 30, 7. (2) temporal, until, to, unto :-- Oacute;þ ðisne dæg usque in praesentem diem, Gen. 32, 4. Óþ ðás dagas, Ex. 9, 18. Nú óþðis hactenus, Bd. 4, 22; S. 591, 15: Blickl. Homl. 175, 12. On ðære hwíle óþ ðæt up to the present time, Homl. Skt. i. 4, 265. Óþ ǽfen usque ad vesperum, Ælfc. Gr. 47; Som. 47. 46. Óþ ende his lífes, Blickl. Homl. 21, 36. Óþ ðone deáþ, 59, 30. Óþ ðæt until :-- Óþ ðæt (donec) hé forgite ða þing ðe ðú him dydest, Gen. 27, 45: Beo. Th. 4084; B. 2039: Andr. Kmbl. 535; An. 268. Óþ ðæt hiene án swán ofstang, Chr. 755; Erl. 48, 22. Ót ðet donec, Ps. Surt. 70, 18. Óþ ðe until :-- Fóron forþ óþ ðe hié cómon tó Lundenbyrig, Chr. 894; Erl. 91, 13. Óþ ðe hé eall forweorðeþ, Ps. Th. 139, ll: Beo. Th. 1302; B. 649. (2 a) with other prepositions:--Óþ in ældu usque in senecta, Ps. Surt. 70, 18. Ðá gestód hé æt ánum éhþyrle óþ forþ nihtes, Homl. Th. ii. 184, 27. Óþ tó dæge usque hodie, Bd. 1, 15; S. 483, 27. Óþ gyt tó dæge, 4, 4; S. 571, 16. [Cf. Goth. und; prep.; unte conj. : O. Sax. unt; prep.; und; conj.; O. H. Ger. unz. v. Grff. i. 363-366.] v. next word.
óþ; conj. Until :--Wuna mid him, óþ ðínes bróður yrre geswíce, Gen. 27, 44 : Mt. Kmbl. 10, ll. Hé hæfdææe ða, óþ hé ofslóg ðone aldorman, Chr. 755; Erl. 48, 20. Ðæt mód glít niðor and niðor, óþ hit mid ealle áfielþ, Past. 38; Swt. 279, 3 : Cd. Th. 22, 14; Gen. 340. v. preceding word.
óþ- as a prefix of verbs, from, away. Cf. œt for similar meaning. [Cf. Goth. untha-thliuhan to escape.]
óþ-beran to bear forth, bear away (cf. æt-beran) :-- Nó ic eów sweord ongeán óþberan þence, Exon. Th. 120, 20; Gu. 274. Mec sǽ óþbær on Finna land the sea bore me forth to the land of the Fins, Beo. Th. 1163; B. 579 : Exon. Th. 404, 20; Rä. 23, 10. Sumne fugel óþbær (bore off) ofer heánne holm, 291, 13; Wand. 81.
óþ-berstan to break away, escape :-- Hé óþbærst tó wuda, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. iii. 291, 17. [Rannulf út of ðam týre on Lunden nihtes óðbærst, ðǽr hé on hæftneþe wæs, Chr. l 101; Erl. 237, 40.] Gif se bana óþbyrste, L. H. E. 2; Th. i. 28, l. Cf. æt-berstan.
óþ-bregdan, -brédan to take away, carry off :-- Ða burgleóde óþbrúdon ða snore mid hiere suna, and hí sendon on óðer fæstre fæsten. Ors. 3, II; Swt. 148, 21. Hæbbe hé Godes unmiltse, se ðe ðis áwende and ðere stówe óþbréde, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. ii. 4, 3. Hé (Nero when Rome was burning bebeád his ágnum monnum ðæt hié gegripen ðæs licgendan feós swá hié mǽst mehten, and tó him brohten, ðonne hit mon út óþbrúde, Ors. 6, 5; Swt. 260, 32. Siððan wearþ Adame eardríca cyst óþbróden, Exon. Th. 153, 15; Gú. 826. Óþbrog[d]en ademptam, Wrt. Voc. ii. 9, 18. Óþbródenum hwelpum raptis festibus, Kent. Gl. 607. v. æt-brédan.
óþ-cirran to turn away, be perverted :-- Gif sóðfæstra þurh myrrelsan mód ne óþcyrreþ (neod cyrreþ, MS. ) if by seduction the mind the mind of the righteous is not perverted, Exon. Th. 262, 26; Jul. 338. Cf. on-cirran; intrans.
óþ-clífan to cleave to, adhere :-- Him sár óclífeþ, Exon. Th. 78, l; Cri. 1267.
óþ-cwelan to die :-- Gif sió hond sié óþcwolen if the person be dead, L. In. 53; Th. i. 134, 17.
óþ-dón to put out: -- Gif hwá óðrum his eáge óþdó (of dó, MS. H.), L. Alf. 19; Th. i. 48, 20. Cf. æt-dón.
óþ-éhtian to drive away:-- Se ðe ðis feoh óþfergean þence, oððe ðis orf óþéhtian þence he that thinks of carrying off this cattle, or of driving it away, Lchdm. i. 384, 15.
óðel, es; m. Home, native country:-- Abraham ferede æðelinga bearn óðle niór, mægeþ heora mágum, Cd. Th. 126, 7; Gen. 2091. v. éðel.
óðen, es; m. Odin (the Scandinavian form of the word which appears in Anglo-Saxon as Wóden) :-- Ðes gedwolgod Mercurius wæs árwurðe betwux eallum héðenum on ðám dagum, and hé is Óðon geháten óðrum naman on Denisce wísan. Nú secgaþ sume ða Denisce men on heora gedwylde, ðæt se louis wǽre, ðe hý Þór hátaþ, Mercuries sunu, ðe hí Óðon namiaþ. Wulfst. 107, 6-11. Þór and Ówðen (Oþen, MS. F.), 197, 19.
óþ-eode, -eówan, v. óþ-gán, -íwan.
óðer; indef. prn. and ordinal, used as adj. and as subst., always of strong declension. I. when two definite objects are referred to, (I) one of two:-- Him wearþ óðer eáge mid ánre flán út áscoten ictu sagittae oculum perdidit, Ors. 3, 7; Swt. 112, 15. Hé hyne onsende myd twám mæssepreóstum . . . ðá forþférde ðæra mæssepreósta óðer. Shrn. 98, 28. Him bærst micel wund on óðrum þeó in one of his thighs, 109, 14. Ðá gewearþ him ðæt hí twegen tó ánwíge eodon . . . ealle gecwǽdon, ðæt gif ǽnig man wolde heora óðrum (either of them) fylstan, ðæt man hine sóna gefénge, H. R. 101, 21. Ðǽr wearþ Pirrus wund on óðran earme (transfixo brachio) . . . Hí námon tréowu, and slógon on óðerne ende ísene næglas, Ors. 4, l; Swt. 158, 2-5. Þurhscoten underneoðan óðer breóst, 3, 9; Swt. 134, 23. Wund þurh ðæt óðer cneów, 4, 6; Swt. 180, 6. Án strǽl hyne gewundode on hys óðer gewenge, Shrn. 97, 14. Se ðe hæbbe twá tunecan, selle óðre ðam ðe náne næbbe, Blickl. Homl. 169, 13. Óðer twega, ðara, or without these forms, one of two alternatives:-- For ðam óðer twega, oððe hié nǽfre tó nánum men ne becumaþ, oððe hié nǽfre fæstlíce ne þurhwuniaþ, Bt. II, l; Fox 30, 26. Ða wilniaþ óðer twega, oððe . . ., oððe, 24, 2; Fox 82, 8. Wite hé ðæt óðer ðara, oððe hé sceal ðæs hádes þolian, oððe hit gebétan, L. E. I. 14; Th. ii. 412, l : 9; Th. ii. 408, II. Ðæt hió óðer ðara dydon, oððe . . . oððe . . ., Chart. Th. 167, 22 : Ors. 3, 7; Swt. 114, 23. Him sǽdon ðæt hié óðer dyden, oððe hám cómen oððe hié him woldon óðerra wera ceósan, I, 10; Swt. 44, 21. (2) the second of two, other:-- Se óðer consul Duilius Duilius, alter consul, 4, 6; Swt. 172, 8. Hé for ðære geómrunga ðæs óðres deáþes leng on ðam lande gewunian ne mihte, Blickl. Homl. 113, II. Án mann hæfde twegen suna. Ðá cwæþ hé tó ðám yldran . . . Ðá cwæþ hé ealswá to ðam óðrum, Mt. 21, 30. Ðæt mon ierne from geate tó óðrum, Past. 49; Swt. 383, 8. Fram ende óþ óðerne from one end of the church to the other, Glostr. Frag. 12, 17. Hafa ðás (Leah) tó gemæccan, and ic gife ðé ða óðre (Rachel), Gen. 29, 27. Hé sette his ǽnne sunu tó ealdormen, and óðerne tó cyninge, Homl. Th. ii. 480, 21. (3) when óðer is applied to each of two :-- Ðara óðer bewiste his byrlas, óðer his bæcestran. Gen. 40, 2. Óðer is se ǽresta apostol, óðer se néhsta, Blickl. Homl. 171, 8. Ðæt se óðer beó árǽred from ðæm óðrum ut alter regatur ab altero, Past. 17, l; Swt. 107, 23. On twǽm gefylcum, on óðrum wǽron ða hǽðnan cyningas, on óðrum ða eorlas, Chr. 871; Erl. 74, 16-18. Ǽgðer óðerne ofslóg, Ors. 2, 3; Swt. 68, 18. Uncer láþette ǽgðer óðer ðeáh ðe hé hit óðrum ne sǽde, Shrn. 39, 22. II. when the reference is not limited to two objects. (l) marking a sequence, other, second in a series, next, following an object already mentioned :-- Se forma . . . se óðer, and se þrydda óþ ðone seofoþan, Mt. 22, 25, 26: Ælfc. Gr. 49; Som. 49, 55. Wæs ðis ðara wundra ǽrest . . . Eft gelamp óðer wundor, Blickl. Homl. 219, 6 : 221, 18: 223, 13. Ðære óðre eá naman nomen fluvii secundi, Gen. 2, 13. Fram dæge tó óðrum from day to day, Blickl. Homl. 107, 25. Faran of stówe to óðerre, 19, 23. Án æfter óðrum, Cd. Th. 266, 22; Sat. 26. Hé sette hine on his óðer cræt (currum suum secundum), Gen 41, 43. Ǽrest . . . óðre síþe . . . þriddan síþ?e. Blickl. Homl. 47, 16. Óþre dæge next day, 175, 18. Ðá fór hé swá feor swá hé meahte on ðǽm óðrum þrím dagum (in the next three days) gesiglan. Ors. I. I; Swt. 17, 13. Wearþ syfan geár se ungemetlíca eorþwela, and hí æfter ðǽm wǽron on ðan mǽstan hungre óðre syfan geár, I. 5; Swt. 32, 26 : Gen. 29, 27. (l a) with swilc, another such, a repetition of what has preceded :-- Ðá com ungemetlíc rén . . . eft wearþ óðer swelc rén, Ors. 4, 10; Swt. 194, 20. Medmicel pipores, óðer swilc cymenes. Lchdm. ii. 256, 5. His mágas hine wið óð?r swilc (contra simile quid) gescyldan, L. Ecg. P. addit. 29; Th. ii. 236, 31. (2) marking difference from the subject, or from something already referred to, other, different, somebody else, something else :-- Ðú nimst wíf and óðer man líþ mid hire. Deut. 28, 30. Ne þearf nán mon wénan ðæt hine óðer mon mǽge álésan, Blickl. Homl. 101, 13. Gif útancymene oxa óðres oxan gewundaþ, Ex. 21, 35. Eart dú ðe tó cumenne eart, oððe wé óðres sceolon ábídan. Mt. Kmbl. II, 3. Gif wé willaþ on óðres góde beón gefeónde. Blickl. Homl. 75, 20. Leófre mé ys, ðæt ic hig sylle ðé ðonne óðrum men. Gen. 29, 19. Ðæt man tó óðrum lǽððe hæbbe, Blickl. Homl. 63, 36. Ðæt ǽlc stán ne sý fram óðrum ádón, 79, I. Heora ongon ǽlc cweðan tó óðrum, 149, 29. Ða lǽstas on óðerne mǽgwlite oncyrran, 127, 19. On óðre wisan, 205, 21. Nú hæbbe wé broht óðer sylfor (aliud argentum), Gen. 43, 22. Seó wyrd oft oncyrreþ and on óðer hworfeþ. Nar. 7, 28. Mid hire syndan Godes apostolas and óðre. Blickl. Homl. 143, 10. Petrus and óðre Cristes þegnas, 145, 27. Ða de wóhhǽmed begangaþ mid óðerra ceorla wífum, 61, 14. Sceattas ge on lande, ge on óðrum þingum, 51, 7. Hé gesett hys wíngerd myd óðrum tilion, Mt. Kmbl. 21, 41. Hé him tó genym? seofun óðre gástas, 12, 45. (2 a) óðer . . . óðer other . . . than different from :-- Nú is participium of worde and of worde cymþ, biþ swá ðeáh óðer dǽl and óðer þing óðer his ealdor biþ, Ælfc. Gr. 41; Som. 43, 14. Ðonne gá heó in óðer hús óðer heo út ofeode, Lchdm. iii. 68, 21. Gif ðú wilnast ðæt heó óðre þeáwas nimen óðre (óðer, Cott. MSS. ) heora willa and heora gewuna is, Bt. 7, 2; Fox 18, 28. (2 b) with the indefinites sum, œá, etc. :-- Helias oððe sum óðer wítega, Homl. Th. i. 364, 18. Wæs his néhmága sum ðæt hine swýðor lufode ðonne ǽnig óðor man, Blickl. Homl. 113, 10. Máran wræce ðonne ǽfre ǽr ǽnigu óðru gelumpe, 79, 10. Wæs ðæt wæter biterre ðonne ic ǽfre ǽnig óðer bergde, Nar. 8, 30. Hé nǽigum óðrum ærne sceþþan ne mihte, Blickl. Homl. 221, 16. Ne bideþ hé æt ús n?-acute;nig óðor edleán búton . . ., 103, 21. Nǽnige óðre búton ða ǽne, 185, 9. Ðara óðerra manna nán árian wolde, 215, l. Mid manegum óðrum gástlícum mægenum, 73, 28. Ðæt geleáfulle folc Iudéa, and eác óðor manig ða ðe beóþ Gode underþeódde, 79, 31. Ðás wundor and manig óðer, 219, 22. Óðre wundro manega, 177, 18. Augustinum and óðre monige munecas, Bd. I. 23; S. 485, 27. Lufian wé úrne Drihten ofer ealle óðru þing, Blickl. Homl. II, 33. Sanctus Iohannes gǽþ beforan eallum óðrum wítgan and ealra óðerra heáhfædera mægen hé oferstígeþ, 167, 22. (3) denoting that part of a whole which is not yet mentioned, other, the rest, remaining :-- Micel ðæs folces hié ofer sǽ ádrǽfdon, and ðæs óðres ðone mǽstan dǽl hié geridon, Chr. 878; Erl. 78, 31. Sum fearhrýðer ðæs óðræs ceápes geférscipe oferhogode, Blickl. Homl. 199, 4. Seó hand wæs gelíc ðam óðrum flǽsce erat similis carni reliquae, Ex. 4, 7u Ða óðre nigon consonantes synd gecwedene mutae, Ælfc. Gr. 2; Som. 3, I. Ða óðre (ceteri) cwǽdon, Mt. 27, 49. Petrus and ða óðre apostolas, Blickl. Homl. 149, 5. Wæs heora sum réðra ðonne ða óðre, 223, 7. Wyrtruma ealra óðerra synna, 65, 3. Ðæt deófol cwæþ tó ðám óðrum deóflum, 243, 10. Hig cýddon eall ðis ðam endlufenum and eallum óðrum (ceteris omnibus), Lk. Skt. 24, 9. [Goth. anþar: O. Sax. óðar : O. Frs. other: O. H. Ger.. andar: Icel. annarr.]
óðerlíce; adv.Otherwise, differently :-- Se ðe óðerlícor gedyrstlǽce underhníge ðære regullícan þreále que autem aliter presumpserit, discipline regulari subjaceat, R. Ben. 87, 19. [Goth. anþarleiko otherwise: cf. O. Sax. óðar-lík: O H. Ger. andar-líh: Icel. annar-ligr.]
óþ-fæstan. I. to entrust, commit to the charge of another :-- Óþ ðæt ic mé gebidde tó him and mín gást óþfæste I commit my spirit into his hands, Nar. 46, 34. Heó hyre mægþhád Gode óþfæste, 40, 16. Gif hwá óþfæste his friénd feoh, L. Alf. 28; Th. i. 50, 29: L. Alf. pol. 20; Th. i. 74, 15. Gif hwá óðrnm his unmagan óþfæste, and hé hine on ðære fæstinge forferie, 17; Th. i. 72, 4. Se ðe wile hwilc sǽd óþ-fæstan ðám dríum furum, Bt. 5, 2; Fox 10, 30. Ðæt hié síen tó liornunga óþfæste, Past. pref.; Swt. 7, 12. II. to inflict, impose (pain, punishment. Cf. æt-fæstan) :-- Ne meahton hié deáþ (Kemble has deáþe, in which case the verb belongs to I) óþfæstan they could not inflict death (on Christ), Elen. Kmbl. 952; El. 477. Drihten hæfde wítes clomma[s] feóndum óþfæsted the Lord had imposed penal chains on the fiends, Cd. Th. 292, 23; Sae. 445.
óþ-faran to escape :-- Siððan hié feóndum óþfaren hæfdon, Cd. Th. 181, 21; Exod. 64.
óþ-feallan. I. to fall away, cease to have connection with :-- Óþ-fealle se wer (in the case of a man who, upon a charge of theft, being forsaken by his kinsmen, forfeits his freedom) ðám mágum the kinsmen shall have no further concern in the 'wer' L. Ed. 9; Th. i. 164, 13. Cf. æt-feallan. II. to fall away, fail, decay :-- Gif hwam seó sprǽc óþfylþ if speech fail a man, Lchdm. ii. 288, 18. Æfter his fielle wearþ ðara cásera mǽgþ offeallen (óþ-, MS. C. ) Caesarum familia consumta est, Ors. 6, 5; Swt. 262, 6. Swá clǽne hió (learning) wæs ðþfeallenu on Angelcyn so utterly was learning decayed in England, Past. pref.; 3. 13.
oþ-feolan to cleave, stick :-- Óþfealh heresceret. Wrt. Voc. ii. 42, 46. Cf. æt-feolan, -felgan.
óþ-ferian to bear off :-- Ic unsófte ðonan feorh ðþferede næs ic fǽge ðágyt not easily thence (the conflict with Grende's mother) did I bring away life, but not then had my hour come (cf. last passage under óþlǽdan), Beo. Th. 4288; B. 2141. Ðæt hé nǽfre nahbe foldan ðæt hit óþferie . . . Se ðe ðis feoh ðþfergean (carry off, steal) þence, Lchdm. i. 384, 9-15. Hi willaþ óþfergan, ðæt ic friþian sceal; ic him ðæt forstonde, Exon. Th. 398, 13; Rä. 17, 7. Cf. æt-ferian.
óþ-fleogan to fly away :-- Se ánhoga óþfleógeþ feðerum snel, Exon. 222, 11; Ph. 347.
óþ-fleón to flee away, escape :-- Favius heánlíce hámweard óþfleáh, Ors. 3, 10; Swt. 140, 14. Ða ðe tó him mid scypum óþflugon tó ðǽm beorgum ad se ratibus confugientes, 1, 6; Swt. 36, 11: 2, 8; Swt. 94, 8. Sume binnan ðæt fæsten óþflugon, Swt. 92, 23. Ða ðe him (Joshua) óþ-flugon, ðám feóllon stánas on uppan, and hí fordydon, Homl. Th. ii. 214, 2. Ðám monnum ðe óþflugon ofer ðone weall, Chr. 921; Erl. 107, 12. Uneáðe mehte ǽnig ðǽm Gallium óþfleón, Ors. 2, 8; Swt. 94, 11. Wil-niende ðæt hí ǽlcum gewinne óþflogen hæfdon, I. 4; Swt. 32, 21.
óþ-flítan to get from another by litigation :-- Ðá ongon Higa him specan sóna on, and wolde him óþflítan ðæt lond then Higa at once began the case against him, and wanted to get the land from him by the litigation. Chart. Th. 169, 23.
óþ-gán to go away, escape :-- Óþeodon, Beo. Th. 5860; B. 2934.
óþ-glídan to glide away, Salm. Kmbl. 804; Sal. 401.
óþ-grípan to snatch away :-- Gif wén wíére ðæt hé ðǽr hwylce mihte deófle óþgrípan and tó Criste gecyrran si quos forte ex illis ereptos Satanae ad Christum transferre valeret, Bd. 5, 9; S. 622, 19.
óþ-healdan to withhold, keep back :-- Gif hwelc folc biþ mid hungre geswenced, and hwá his hwiǽte gehýt and óþhielt hú ne wilt hé ðonne hiera deáþes si populos fames atlereret, et occulta frumenta ipsi servarent, auctores proculdubio mortis existerent, Past. 49, 1; Swt. 377, 9. Ðæt he nǽfre nabbe húsa ðæt he hit (s tolen property) óþhealde. Lch. i. 384, 10.
óþ-hebban to elevate, exalt, lift up :-- Ða welan ðe ǽlcne ofermódne óþhebbaþ abundantia, quae sublevat, Past. 26, 2; Swt. 183, 18. Hé hine óþhóf (ot-, Cote. MSS. ) innan his geþohte eallum óðrum monnum cunctis in cogitatione se praetulit, 4, 2; Swt. 39, 15. Ða ofersettan mon sceal swá manian óæt se hiera folgoþ hí ne ðþhebbe admonendi sunt praelati, ne eos locus superior extollat, 28, 1; Swt. 189, 17.
óþ-hilde; adj. Content :-- Ánum were óþhylde heó ne biþ she will not be content with one man, Lchdm. iii. 188, 6. Óþhelde (cf. éþhylde, l. 1), 194, 14. v. eáb-, éþ-hylde.
óþ-hleápan to run away, escape :-- Gif hé út óþhleápe, L. Eth. i. 1; Th. i. 282, ii. Cf. æt-hleápan.
óþ-hýdan to hide away :-- Uneáðe mehte ǽnig ðám Gallium óþfleón oððe óþhýdan hardly could any one escape or hide from the Gauls, Ors. 2, 8; Swt. 94, 11.
óþ-ícan to add to :-- Ótéctun addiderunt. Ps. Surt. 68, 2 7. Cf. æt-ýcan.
óþ-irnan to ran away, escape :-- Hé ðære eorþan ǽfre ne ó;þrineþ, Met. 20, 138. Gif hé óþierne, L. In. 28; Th. i. 120, 7. v. æt-irnan.
óþ-iwan, -éwan, -eáwan, -eówan, -iéwan, -ýwan. I. to shew: -- Ic óþeówe ostendam, Ps. Spl.49, 24. Ne ðú mé óþiéwest ǽnig tácen, Cd. Th. 34. 19; Gen. 540. Óteáweþ ostendit, Ps. Surt. 4, 6. Hé óþéwde openlíce ðæt hé ǽr gehýd hæfde. Ors. 6, 34; Swt. 288, 32. Óþíwde, Ps. Spl. 77, 14. Óþiéwde, Cd. Th. 44, 24; Gen. 714. Hér cometa hiene óþiéwde, Chr. 729; Erl. 46, 5. Ðæt ðú mé óbéwe, Bt. 22, 2; Fox 78, 11. Wearþ ðþiéwed án ígland. Ors. 6, 4; Swt. 260, 14. Óþéwed, Met. 29, 34. Open and óþeáwed, Exon. Th. 98, 9; Cri. 1605. Óþýwed, 52, 25; Cri. 8. 59. II. to shew one's self, to appear :-- Ic óteáwn apparebo, Ps. Surt. 16, 15. Si ósunne eldum ðþéweþ, Met. 13, 60. Óþ-ýweþ, Exon. Th. 56, 24; Cri. 905. Ic óþeówde apparui, Ps. Spl. 62, 3 Met. 28, 74. Hér óþiéwde cometa se steorra, Chr. 678; Erl. 40, 5: 773; Erl. 52, 23. Óþýwde, Elen. Kmbl. 325; El. 163. Óteáwdon apparuerunt, Ps. Surt. 17, 16. Óþeówdun, Exon. Th. 28, 17; Cri. 448. In bócum ne cwiþ ðæt hý in hwítum hræglum óþýwden, 28, 30; Cri. 454. Cf. æt-ýwan.
óþ-lǽdan to lead away, carry off :-- Hé Israhélas ealle óþlǽdde eduxit Israel, Ps. Th. 135, 11. Álýs mé and óþlǽd láðum wætrum eripe me et libera me de aquis, 143, 12. Ic þence ðis feóh tó lufianne, næs tó óþlǽdanne . . . hé nǽfre nabbe landes ðæt hé hit óþlǽde. Lchdm. i. 384, 4-9. Ic com óþlǽded gódum excussus sum. Ps. Th. 108, 23. Hié óþlǽded hæfdon feorh of feónda dóme life had they withdrawn from the foes' power (cf. Beo. Th. 4288 under óþ-ferian), Cd. Th. 214, 15; Exod. 569. Cf. æt-lǽdan.
óþ-rídan to ride away :-- Cyning in óþrád forþ onutte the king (Christ after the doors of Hell had opened) rode away into Hell, hastened on, Exon. Th. 461, 24; Hö. 40.
óþ-rówan to row off :-- Hié ú ó;þreówon they rowed out and away, Chr. 897; Erl. 96, 7.
óþ-sacan (with gen.). I. to deny (a statement) :-- Hwá óþsæcþ ðæs ? Bt. 26, 2; Fox 92, 21. Ne mæg ic ðæs óþsacan, forðam ðe ic his wæs ǽr geþafa, 34, 3; Fox 138, 15: 33, 1; Fox 122, 2: 34, 9; Fox 146, 34. Nán mon ne mæg óþsacan ðæt sum gód ne síe ðæt héhste, 34, l; Fox 134, 9. II. to deny (an obligation, a charge, etc. ) :-- Gange feówra sum tó and óþsace (deny a charge of robbing), L. Eth. ii. 4; Th. i. 286, 18. Borges mon mót óþsacan gif hé wát ðæt hé ryht déþ, L. In. 41; Th. i. 128, 2. Cf. æt-sacan
óþ-sceacan to run away, escape :-- Gif hé óþsceóce (-seoce, MS. ), L. Ath. v. 6; Th. i. 234, 11.
óþ-sceotan to shoot away, escape, turn aside, hurry off :-- Swá hwá swá óþscýt fram ánnysse ðæs geleáfan whoever turns aside from the unity of the faith, Homl. Th. i. 370, 17. Man gehylt ðæt hé. hæfþ gif hé him ondrǽt ðæt hit him óþsceóte a man guards what he has, if he is afraid that it will escape from him, Prov. Kmbl. 18.
óþ-scúfan to push (intrans.) away, move away :-- Hé geséceþ (-aþ, MS. ) Syrwara lond corðra mǽste. Him se clǽna ðǽr óþscúfeþ scearplíce (the Phenix moves off quickly from the attendant birds) ðæt hé in scade weardaþ on wudubearwe wéste stówe biholene and bihýdde hæleþa monegum dirigit in Syrian. celeres longaeva volatus, secretosque petit deserta per avia lucos, hie ubi per saltus silva remota latet, Exon. Th. 209, 9; Ph. 168.
óþ-spurnan, -spornan to strike against, stumble :-- Hió óþsper[n]þ impingetur, Kent. Gl. 769. Ðé læs ðín fót óþsporne, Blickl. Homl. 27, 14. Næs gecweden ðæt his fót æt stáne óþspurne, 29, 3-- Cf. æt-spurnan.
óþ-spytning, e; f. An offence, a stumbling-block :-- Búto ótspernince absque offendiculo, Kent. Gl. 528. Cf. æt-spyrning.
óþ-standan. I. to stop in one's course, to come to a standstill :-- Ðonne óþstandeþ se blódgyte sóna, Lchdm. i. 88, 10. Sóna ðæt blód óþstænt, 180, 3. Ðæt unstille hweól óþstód, Bt. 35, 6; Fox 168, 32. Ia. metaphorically, to cease to act :-- Gif se hlyst óþstande, ðæt hé ne mǽge gehiéran, L. Alf. pol. 46; Th. i. 92, 23. II. to remain standing, remain :-- Uneáþe ǽnig grot staþoles óþstód, Ors. 6, 1; Swt. 252, 23. Ðæt is lang tó sæcganne, hú ða wurdon generede in ðære Noes earce, ða ðe ðǽr tó láfe ófstódon. Wulfst. 206, 30. III. to remain standing and so prove an obstacle :-- Ðæt swefn swíðe óþstód manegum mínra leóda (the dream interpreted by Daniel), Cd. Th. 246, 23; Dan. 483. Cf. æt-standan
óþ-stillan to put a slop to, to stop :-- Ðonne biþ hit (hæmorrhage) sóna óþstilled. Lchdm. i. 82, 5. Cf. æt-stillan.
óþ-swerian to abjure, deny on oath :-- Ðá óþswóran hié mid ðam bismerlícestan áðe ðæt hié him nǽfre on fultume nǽre ðéh ðe ða áðas wǽren neár máne ðonne sóðe turpissimam rupti foederis labem adcumu-lavere perjurio, Ors. 4, 3; Swt. 162, 10. Gif hlóþ ðis gedó and eft óþswerian (æt-, MS. B. ) wille, L. Alf. pol. 31; Th. i. 80, 16;. Gif mon tó ðam men feoh getéme ðe his ǽr óþswaren (ætsworen, MS. B. ) hæfde, and æft óþswerian wille, ðþswerige (æt-, MS. B. ) be ðam wíte . . . Gif hé óþswerian nylle . . . . L. In. 35; Th. i. 124, 10-12.
óþ-swígan to stop speaking, become silent :-- Hé spræc tó his liornæra sumum, and ðá fǽringa óþswígde hé suǽ hé hwæshwegu hercnade, Shrn. 72, 24.
óþ-swimman to swim off :-- Ða áne ðe út óþswymman mihton (æl-swummon, MS. A. ) tó ðám scipum, Chr. 915; Erl. 105, 11.
óþ-teón to take away :-- Him biþ slǽp óþtogen sleep deserts them, Lchdm. ii. 232, 14.
oððe; conj. I. or :-- Gif seó offrung beó of sceápon oððe of gátum, Lev. 1. 10. Geeácnode ic hig ealle oððe ácende ic hig, Num. 11, 12. Hwá geworhte mannes múþ oððe hwá geworhte dumne oððe deáfne and blindne oððe geseóndne? Ex. 4, 11. Ia. in conjunction with óðóðer:-- Hí woldon óðer twega, líf forlǽtan oððe leófne gewercan, Byrht. Th. 137, 59; By. 207; Wald. 1, 16. II. oððe�oððe�either...or (a):-- Oðða (oððe, MS. B.) mid freóndscipe oðða mid gefeohte vel amicitia vel ferro, Bd. 1, 1; S. 474, 26. Ðonne fóron hié oððe mid oððe on heora healfe, Chr. 894; Erl. 90, 6. Ða scipu eall oððe tóbrǽcon oððe forbærndon oððe tó Lundenbyrig brohton oððe to Hrófesceastre, Erl. 91, 25. (b) with óðer, áðer:-- Hé sǽde ðæt hé wolde óðer, oððe ðǽr libban oððe ðǽr licgan, 901; Erl. 96, 32. Hét ðæt hié óðer sceolden, oððe ðæt lond æt him álésan, oððe hé hié wolde fordón, Ors. 1, 10; Swt. 44, 9: 44, 21. Hié óðer forleósan woldon, oððe hira ágen líf oððe Porsennes, 2, 3; Swt. 68, 28. Nú ðonne óðer twega, oððe ðara nán nis, oððe hí nánne weorþscipe nabbaþ, Bt. 27, 4; Fox 100, 16. Gif onfunden biþ ðæt héáðer oððe� oððe�, L. E. I. 16; Th. ii. 412, 11.
óþ-þeódan to disjoin, dismember :-- Ðú ðæt gehéte ðæt ús heterófra hild ne gesceóde, ne líces dǽl óþþeóded, ne sinu ne bán on swaðe lágon, ne loc of heáfde tó forlore wurde, Andr. Kmbl. 2842; An. 1423.
óþ-þicgan to take from :-- Him frumbearnes riht freóbróðor óþþah, Cd. Th. 199, 14; Exod. 338.
óþ-þingian to get from another on unfair conditions :-- Gif hwylc mæssepreóst onfunden biþ ðæt hé ... ǽnige médsceat selþ oððe sealde, for ðí ðe hé wilnige óðres preóstes cyrcean óþþingian, L. E. I. 16; Th. ii. 412, 13.
oððon; conj. Or :-- On cyriclícum þingum oððon on earmra manna hyððum oððon on hernumena bygenum oððon on sumum þingum, L. I. P. 19; Th. ii. 328, 10-12. Swá oft swá man fullaþ oððon húsel hálgaþ, 328, 21.
óþ-þringan to force away from one (oftenest in phrases líf, feorh, etc., óþþringan to take a person's life) :-- Ðá geleornedon his byrelas hú hié him mehten ðæt líf óþþringan, and him gesealdon átor drincan, Ors. 3, 9; Swt. 136, 15. Se ðe mid gáres orde óðrum aldor óþþringeþ, Cd. Th. 92, 3; Gen. 1523 : Exon. Th. 330, 11; Vy. 49. Ecghete fǽgum feorh óþþringeþ, 310, 8; Seef. 71. Ðám ic ealdor óþþrong, 272, 17; Jul. 500: Judth. Thw. 24, 12; Jud. 185. Hú hé Israélum eáþost meahte guman óþþringan how he might most easily force away men from Israel (carry the Israelites captive), Cd. Th. 219, 8; Dan. 51. Unc mágas uncre sculon eard óþþringan our kinsmen shall take our home from us, Exon. Th. 496, 9; Rä. 85, 11. Cf. æt-þringan.
óþ-wendan to turn away, divert :-- Uton óþwendan hit (the kingdom of heaven) monna bearnum, Cd. Th. 26, 8; Gen. 403.
óþ-windan to get away, escape :-- Án scip óþwand, Chr. 897; Erl. 95, 27. Cf. æt-windan.
óþ-wítan to reproach with a fault, lay to a person's charge, to taunt :-- Óþwíteþ improperabit, Ps. Spl. M. 73, 11. Hwý óðwíte gé wyrde eówre, ðæt híó geweald nafaþ? Met. 27, 4. Wé sindon cumen tó ðǽm gódan tídun ðe ús Rómáne óþwítaþ we are come to the good times that the Romans taunt us with, Ors. 4, 7; Swt. 182, 15. Óþwát improperavit, Ps. Spl. M. 73, 19. Óþwiton exprobaverunt, 88, 11. Dryhten him swelc óþwát the Lord charged them with such a fault, Past. 1, 2; Swt. 27, 13 : 15, 1; Swt. 89, 16. Ðæt wé him sume opene scylde óþwiéten, 32, 1; Swt. 209, 22. Ðæt hé mé ðæt ne ótwíte ut non hoc nobis imputet, Bd. pref.; S. 472, 32. Uton gangan ðæt wé bysmrigen bendum fæstne, óþwíton him his wræcsíð let us go and insult the captive, taunt him with his misery, Andr. Kmbl. 2715; An. 1360. Ne meaht ðú ðínre wyrde náuht óþwítan ne ðin líf nó getǽlan, Bt. 10; Fox 30, 3: Beo. Th. 5983; B. 2995. Cf. æt-wítan.
óþ-wyrcan to do harm to (?) :-- Ic þence ðis feoh tó witanne næs tó óþwyrceanne I intend to keep this cattle not to harm it (?), Lchdm. i. 384, 5.
óþ-yrnan, -ýwan, otor. v. óþ-irnan, -íwan, oter.
otor for ofer (?), Cd. Th. 220, 19; Dan. 73.
ó-wæstm, es; m. A shoot, sprout, branch :-- Ówestem propago, Ps. Surt. ii. p. 195, 13. Ówæstm surculus, Wrt. Voc. ii. 121, 48. Ówæstmas antes, 9, 21. Ówæstmum stirpidum, 75, 70. Ówæsmum stirpis, 89, 20. Ða ówæstmas beóþ swá mycle, and swá fægere swá swá ðæs deóres bearn ðe unicornus hátte, Ps. Th. 28, 5. v. on-wæstm.
ó-web, -wef, es; n. Woof :-- Óweb vel áb (ób, Wülck. G1. 188, 12) trama vel subtemen, Wrt. Voc. i. 59, 50: cladicla, ii. 139, 59. Ówef cladica, 104, 13 : 14, 43. [Cf. trama ... est filum inter stamen discurrens, abbe, Wülck. 6s7, 13.]
ó-wérn; adv. Anywhere, Th. An. 102, 16. (Smith's Bede, 595, 3, has ówhwǽr.)
owisc, e; f. A margin (?) :-- Ðanon tó gráfes owisce, andlang owisce tó wege, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. iii. 388, 25.
oxa, an; m. An ox :-- Oxa bos ... oxa on ðam forman teáme unus, on ðam æfteran teáme binus, Wrt. Voc. i. 23, 39, 47-48: ii. 48, 36. Oxa bova, i. 287, 54. Wilde oxa bubalus, 22, 46. Oexen boves, Ps. Surt. 49, 10 : ií. p. 291, 11. Án getýme oxena, Lk. Skt. 14, 19. Oxna hyrde aubobulcus, Wrt. Voc. i. 287, 63. iiii oxnum gers mid cyninges oxnum, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. ii. 64, 29. Ðá genam Abimelech oxan and scép, Gen. 20, 14. ¶ The value of an ox as given in the Laws was 30 pence :-- Oxan mon sceal gyldan mid .xxx. p., L. O. D. 7; Th. i. 356, 4. Oxan tó mancuse, L. Ath. v. 6, 2; Th. i. 234, 1. .xxx. pæñ scyldig oððe ánes oxan, v. 8, 5; Th. i. 236, 31. [Goth. auhsa : Icel. uxi : O. H. Ger. ohso.] v. feld-, steór-oxa. The word is found in many placenames; see e. g. Cod. Dip. Kmbl. vi. 320.
oxan-slyppe, an; f. Oxlip; primula veris elatior, Lchdm. ii. 32, 26 : iii. 30, 8.
óxn, e; f. The arm-pit :-- Óxn ascella, Wrt. Voc. i. 43, 65 : 64, 70. Under his óxne sub ascella sua, Kent. Gl. 992. Heó ðone fúlan stenc ðæra óxna áfyrreþ, Lchdm. i. 284, 7. [O. H. Ger. uohsana ascella.] Cf. óhsta.
Oxna-ford Oxford :-- Tó Oxnaforda, Chr. 912; Erl. 100, 31. On Oxonaforda, 1015; Erl. 151, 27.
oxna-lyb ox-heal; helleborus foetidus and h. viridis, Lchdm. iii. Glossary.
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