An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary
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by Bosworth and Toller
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S
sá; gen. sán; m. A tub, pail, vessel :-- Saa libitorium, Txts. 35, 17. [Prompt. Parv. soo or cowl, vessel tina. He kam to þe welle, water updrow, And filde þer a michel so, Havel. 933. So, soa a tub with two ears, to carry on a stang, Ray's North-country words. Sao, soe a tub; commonly used for a brewing-tub only, but sometimes for a large tub in which clothes are steeped before washing, E. D. S. Pub. Lincolnshire. ' In Bedfordshire, what we call a coal and a coal-staff, they call a sow and a sow-staff,' Kennett. Icel. sár a cask : Dan. saa : Swed. så.]
saban, es; m. (?) A sheet :-- On sabanum, id est scéte in sabanis (cf. on scétum in sabanis, 48, 47), Wrt. Voc. ii. 82, 57. [In Mt. 27, 59 the Gothic version translates σινδόνι by sabana. O. H. Ger. saban, sapon; m. sabanum, sindon, teristrum, linteum : Gk. σάβανον : Mid. Lat. sabanum : Span. sabana a sheet. Diefenbach ii. 770 cites an Arabic word sabaniyat fine stuff for girdles, veils, etc., with the derivation of it from the name of the town Sabano near Bagdad.]
Sabat, es; m. (?) The Sabbath :-- Sabates sabbati, Mt. Kmbl. p. 20, 5. [Cf. Goth. Sabbato, Sabbatus.]
Sabíne, a; pl. The Sabines :-- Hú Rómáne and Sabíne him betweónum wunnon, Ors. 2, 4; tit.; Swt. 2, 19. Tó ánwíge gangan wið swá fela Sabína, 2, 4; Swt. 72, 16.
Sabínisc; adj. Sabine :-- Ðæt Sabínisce gewinn, Ors. 2, 4; Swt. 68, 32 : Swt. 72, 8.
sac (sæc?); adj. Accused, charged, guilty :-- Swerian ðæt hig nellan nǽnne sacleásan man forsecgean ne nǽnne sacne forhelan let them swear that they will not bring a charge against an innocent man, nor conceal one who is justly charged, L. Eth. iii. 3; Th. i. 294, 5. v. un-sac, sæc.
-saca. v. and-, ge-, wiðer-saca. [O. Sax. -sako : O. Frs. -seka : O. H. Ger. -sahho. Cf. Goth. ni sakjis άμαχos.]
sacan; p. sóc, pl. sócon; pp. sacen. I. to fight, strive, contend :-- Þeódscypas winnaþ and sacaþ heom betweónan, Wulfst. 86, 8. Hé geseh twegen Ebréisce him betwýnan sacan conspexit duos Hebraeos rixantes, Ex. 2, 13. Ic (Beowulf) sceal fón wið feónde and ymb feorh sacan, Beo. Th. 883; B. 439. Gód sceal wið yfele, líf sceal wið deáþe, leóht sceal wið þýstrum, fyrd wið fyrde, feónd wið óðrum, láð wið láðe ymb land sacan, Menol. Fox 568; Gn. C. 53. Sceal fǽge sweltan and dógra gehwam ymb gedál sacan middangeardes, Exon. Th. 335, 4; Gn. Ex. 28. Ðú tælnissum wið ða sélestan sacan ongunne thou didst attempt to strive with the best (the gods) with insults, 254, 23; Jul. 206. Wǽran sacende emulabantur, Wrt. Voc. ii. 33, 10. II. to disagree, act in opposition, not to be, or not to act, in unison, to wrangle :-- Ðonne se abbod and se práfost ungeráde beóþ and him betwyx sacaþ dum contraria sibi inuicem sentiunt, R. Ben. 124, 19. Ne ða óðre ongeán ðæt ne sacan (wiðcweðon, Wells Frag.) the others shall offer no opposition to the decision, 119, 2. Dóm stande ðár þegenas sammǽle beón; gif hig sacan (disagree), stande ðæt hig .viii. secgaþ, L. Eth. iii. 13; Th. i. 289, 3. Ðæt hé sóce altercaretur, sermocinaretur, Hpt. Gl. 476, 67. III. of litigation, to bring a suit :-- Ðá sóc Wulfstán on sum ðæt land Wulfstan brought a suit laying claim to some of the land, Chart. Th. 376, 7. IV. to bring a charge against one, to accuse, blame :-- Hú micla wið ðec sacas cýðnessa quanta adversum te dicant testimonia, Mt. Kmbl. Lind. 27, 13. Mé míne ágen word sylfne sócon verba mea execrabantur, Ps. Th. 55, 5. Monige cýðnisse leóse hiǽ gicwédun tó sacanne wið him multi testimonium falsum dicebant aduersus eum, Mk. Skt. Rush. 14, 56. Swá hwæt þwyr and gebolgen mód ... sacendes hátheortnys hit is ná lufu þreáginge quicquid protervus et indignus animus protulerit, objurgantis furor est, non dilectio correctionis, Scint. 36. V. to refuse, deny. v. on-sacan :-- Sæccendum sedlum negatis sedibus, Mt. Kmbl. p. 18, 14. [Goth. sakan to strive, rebuke : O. Sax. sakan to rebuke, blame : O. H. Ger. sahhan litigare, increpare, objurgare : Icel. saka; wk. to fight, blame, accuse.] v. æt-, be-, for-, fore-, ge-, of-, on-, óþ-, wið-, wiðer-sacan; sacian.
sacc, es; m. A sack, bag :-- Ne bere gé sacc ne codd sacculum neque peram, Lk. Skt. 10, 4. Sæc sacculum, Kent. Gl. 208. Hig fyldon hira saccas (saccos) and lédon hira ǽlces feoh on his sacc ... Ðá undyde hira án his sacc ... hé ðæt feoh geseah on his sacces (saculi) múþe, Gen. 42, 25, 28. Ðá guton hig hira hwǽte of hira saccon, 42, 35. Fylle hira saccas and lege hira ǽlces feoh on his ágenne sacc, 44, 1. [Goth. sakkus : O. H. Ger. sac : Icel. sekkr.] Cf. bí-sæc, sæcc.
sacerd, es; m. A priest (the terns is not confined to the Christian priesthood) :-- Sacerd vel cyrcþingere sacerdos, Wrt. Voc. i. 42, 23 : Rtl. 125, 1. Hæfde se sacerd (sacerdos) on Madian seofon dohtra, Ex. 2, 16. Moises heóld his mǽges sceáp ðæs sacerdes on Madian, 3, 1. Putifares dohtor ðæs sacerdes of ðære byryg, Gen. 41, 45. Hé slóh ðæs sacerdes (héhsacerdas, Lind. Rush.) þeów, Mk. Skt. 14, 47. Ða word ðæs sacerdes vox praedicatoris, Past. 21, 5; Swt. 163, 1. Ðone clǽnan sacerd (Christ), Exon. Th. 9, 19; Cri. 137. Suíðe ryhte ða sacerdas (sacerdotes) sint gehátene sacerdas, ðæt is on Englisc clǽnseras, forðæm hié sculon látteówdóm gearwian ðám geleáffulum, Past. 18, 7; Swt. 139, 14. Ða sacerdas of Leuies cynne, Deut. 27, 1, 14 : Ps. Th. 77, 64. Moyses and Aaron sóðe sacerdas, 98, 6 : Ands. Kmbl. 1483; An. 743. Ða mæssepreóstas wǽron ðus gehátene ... Ðá ða gemynegodan sacerdos (-as ?) cóman erant presbyteri ... Venientes memorati sacerdotes, Bd. 3, 21; S. 551, 19. Ðæra sacerda ealdor princeps sacerdotum, Mt. Kmbl. 26, 51 : Blickl. Homl. 77, 8 : 239, 28. Hýrde wé ðæt Jacob fore sacerdum swilt þrowode, Apstls. Kmbl. 141; Ap. 71. [From Latin. Anglo-Saxon alone seems to have borrowed this word.] v. ealdor-, heáh-sacerd.
sacerd-bana, an; m. One who slays a priest :-- Hér syndan sacerd-banan, Wulfst. 163, 27 : 266, 27.
sacerd-gerisne; adj. Befitting a priest :-- Hé hæfde sacerdgerisene ealdorlícnysse auctoritatem sacerdote dignam, Bd. 3, 17; S. 545, 11.
sacerd-hád, es; m. Priest-hood :-- Ðá Zacharias his sacerdes hádes (sacerdhádes, MSS. A. B. C.) breác cum sacerdotio fungeretur, Lk. Skt. 1, 8. Æfter gewunan ðæs sacerdhádes hlotes, 1, 9. Ðæt hé gesette on sacerdhád Judas ðam folce tó bisceope that he might ordain Judas bishop of the people, Elen. Kmbl. 2108; El. 1055. Bisceophádas vel sacerd-[hádas] flaminea, i. episcopali gradu, Wülck. 239, 23.
sacerd-land, es; n. Land assigned to priests :-- Bútan ðam sacerd-lande absque terra sacerdotali, Gen. 47, 26.
sacerd-líc; adj. Priestly, sacerdotal :-- Sacerdlíc sacerdotium, Rtl. 25, 31 : sacerdotalis, 195, 4. Sacerdlíce þénunge dón officium sacerdotale agere, Bd. 4, 5; S. 573, 4. Be sacerdlícum hræglum de vestibus sacerdotum, Bd. 5, 24; S. 647, 38.
sac-full; adj. I. contentious, quarrelsome :-- Hé biþ swíðe sacful and micele ungeþwǽrnesse and mænigfealde saca on ðære geférǽdenne wyrcþ scandala nutriunt et dissensiones in congregatione faciunt, R. Ben. 124, 8. Ne ǽnig man ne sý tó sacfull ne ealles tó geflitgeorn, Wulfst. 70, 19 : Lchdm. iii. 428, 34. Sacful wíf litigosa mulier, Kent. Gl. 690. Mid secfullan (rixosa) wífe, 790. [ʒif þe cristene mon bið sacful, O. E. Homl. i. 109, 1.] II. given to accusation (v. sacan, IV) :-- Ne beó ðú sacfull non eris criminator, Lev. 19, 16.
sacian; p. ode To strive, brawl :-- Gif men saciaþ si rixati fuerint viri, Ex. 21, 22. Fela sind ðe wyllaþ fracodlíce him betwýnan sacian many there are that will shamefully brawl among themselves, Homl. Th. ii. 294, 1. v. and-sacian; sacan.
sac-leás; adj. I. free from charge or accusation, innocent :-- Swerian hig ðæt hig nellan nǽnne sacleásan man forsecgean ne nǽnne sacne forhelan, L. Eth. iii. 3; Th. i. 294, 5. Fiónge mec habbaþ sacleósne (sacleás, Lind., cf. Icel. saklaust without cause) odio me habuerunt gratis, Jn. Skt. Rush. 15, 25. II. free from charge or contention, unmolested, secure :-- On ðæt gerád ðæt ðes cynges men sacleás beón móston on ðám castelan ðe hí ǽr þes eorles unþances begiten hæfdon, Chr. 1091; Erl. 227, 9. Eádgár æþeling wæs gefangen; ðone lét se cyng syððan sacleás faran, 1106; Erl. 241, 20. Sacleáso iwih wé gedóeþ securos vos faciemus, Mt. Kmbl. Lind. 28, 14. [Ðo þe hadden on þesse liue alle here sunnes forleten and bet . . . alle he quað hem saclese, O. E. Homl. ii. 171, 35. Wass Crist sacclæs o rode naʒʒedd, Orm. 1900. Sacles (without strife, freely) he let hin welden it so, Gen. and Ex. 916. Icel. sak-lauss innocent, not guilty. Sackless still remains in Northern dialects, but seems to have got a meaning, with which innocent also is used, that of silly, simple. v. Jamieson, Halliwell, and E. D. S. Publications.]
sacu, e; f. I. strife, contention, dissension, sedition, dispute :-- Sacu seditio, Wrt. Voc. i. 21, 30. Seó sacu (seditio) árás, Num. 16, 42. Wearð sacu (rixa) betwux Abrames hyrdemannum and Lothes ... Abram cwæð tó Lothe : 'Ic bidde ðæt nán sacu (jurgium) ne sig betwux mé and ðé,' Gen. 13, 7, 8. Ðanun mæg áspringan seó mǽste sacu and se mǽsta swice ealra ungeþwǽrnessa exinde grauissima occasio scandalorum oriri potest, R. Ben. 129, 8. Drihten cwæð : 'Ðonne gé gehýraþ on middangearde gefeoht and sace ne beó gé áfyrhte.' Gefeoht belimpþ tó feóndum and sacu tó ceastergewarum. Mid ðám wordum hé gebícnode ðæt wé sceolon þolian wiðútan gewinn fram úrum feóndum and eác wiðinnan fram úrum néhgebúrum láðlíce ungeþwǽrnyssa, Homl. Th. ii. 538, 12-17. Hé (Caligula) mǽnde ðæt ðǽr ðá næs swelc sacu swelc ðǽr oft ǽr wæs, and hé self fór oft on óðra lond, and wolde gewin findan, ac hé ne mehte búton sibbe, Ors. 6, 3; Swt. 256, 28. Sceal Geáta leódum and Gár-Denum sib gemǽnum, and sacu restan, Beo. Th. 3719; B. 1857. Ðæne ðe wæs for sumere sace (propter seditionem) on cwerterne, Lk. Skt. 23, 25. Moises genemde ða stówe Costung for Israhéla bearna sace propter jurgium filiorum Israel, Ex. 17, 7. Ðæt hié under ðære sibbe tó ðære mǽstan sace becóme, Ors. 4, 7; Swt. 182, 28. Sace militiam, Hpt. Gl. 494. 70. Grendel wan wið Hróðgár, wæg singale sæce, sibbe ne wolde, Beo. Th. 310; B. 154. Lǽt sace restan, láð leódgewin, Exon. Th. 254, 21; Jul. 200. Saca lites, Kent. Gl. 575. Of sacum rixis, 635. Ne mæg ic ána ácuman eówre saca (jurgia), Deut. 1, 12. Mænigfealde saca on ðære geférǽdenne wyrcþ dissensiones in congregatione faciunt, R. Ben. 124, 9. II. distress, trouble, affliction, persecution :-- Ðǽr eów is sacu bútan ende grim gǽstcwalu in hell is trouble without end for you devils, fierce torment of spirit, Exon. Th. 142, 27; Gú. 650. Ðǽr biþ á gearu wraðu wannhálum wíta gehwylces sæce and sorge there shall be ever ready for the wretched support against every infliction, against distress and care, Elen. Kmbl. 2059; El. 1031. Ne þearft ðú sár níwigan and sæce rǽran (cf. Gi werðat ók só sálige thes in saka biodat liudí blessed are ye when men shall persecute you, Hel. 1336), 1879; El. 941. Ðǽr hé hæfþ eal sár and sace, hungor and þurst, wóp and hreám, and weána má ðonne ǽniges mannes gemet sý ðæt hié áríman mǽge, Blickl. Homl. 61, 36. Seó sunsciéne siege þrowade, sace singrimme, Exon. Th. 256, 11; Jul. 230. III. crime, guilt :-- Nis ðǽr on ðam londe synn ne sacu non huc adit scelus infandum (cf. O þatt an bukk he leʒʒde All þeʒʒre sake and sinne, Orm. 1335. He alátan mag saka endi sundea he can forgive sins, Hel. 1009), 201, 10; Ph. 54. Ðá wæs synn and sacu Sweóna and Geáta, wróht gemǽne, Beo. Th. 4935; B. 2472. IV. a contention at law, a suit, cause, action :-- Nán sacu ðe betweox preóstan sí ne beó gescoten tó world-manna sóme no suit that there may be between priests shall be referred to the adjustment of secular men, L. Edg. C. 7; Th. ii. 246, 3. Gif man óðerne sace tihte if one man bring a suit against another (cf. ef man hwemu saka sókea, Hel. 1522), L. H. E. 8; Th. i. 30, 11. Hit betere wǽre ðæt heora seht tógædere wurde ðonne hý ǽnige sace hym betweónan heóldan it would be better that they should come to an agreement than that they should carry on any suit between them, Chart. Th. 377, 3. V. jurisdiction in litigious suits. For the first time apparently in charters of Edward the Confessor the phrase sac and sóc or sócn occurs, and in them it is frequent. It is thus explained in the Latin version of an Anglo-Saxon charter where it is found :-- Ic an heom ealswá ðæt hý habben ðǽrofer saca and sócna iis (sanctus Petrus et fratres Westmonasterienses) etiam concedens ut insuper habeant priuilegium tenendi curiam ad causas cognoscendas et dirimendas lites inter uasallos et colonos suos ortas, cum potestate transgressores et calumniae reos mulctis efficiendi easque leuandi, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. iv. 202, 7, v. Stubbs, Const. H. i. 184, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. i. xliii sqq., Grmm. R. A. 854 sq. [Laym, sake strife : O. and N. cheste and sake : Goth. sakjó strife : O. Sax. saka : O. L. Ger. saca res, causa : O. Frs. sake, seke causa, res : O. H. Ger. sahha lis, causa, occasio, negotium, res : Icel. sök a charge, a crime, a suit, cause, sake.] v. sæcc.
-sacung. v. wið-, wiðer-, yfel-sacung.
sáda, an; m. A cord, halter, snare :-- Swelce sádo (sáde, Rush.) tamquam laqueus, Lk. Skt. Lind. 21, 35. Grin biþ on sádan tórænded laqueus contritus est, Ps. Th. 123, 7. Mid sáde (laqueo) hine áwrigde, Mt. Kmbl. Lind. 27, 5. [O. H. Ger. seito laqueus, pedica, tendicula.] v. wealh-sáda.
Sadducéas; pl. The Sadducees :-- Eodun tó him Fariséas and Sadducéas, Mt. Kmbl. Rush. 16, 1. Sadducéa Sadducaeorum, 16, 6.
Sadducéisc; adj. Sadducean :-- Hé hét ða Saducéiscan stylle beón, Mt. Kmbl. 22, 34.
sadian; p. ode. I. to satisfy, satiate. [O. H. Ger. satón saturare. Cf. Icel. seðja to satisfy.] v. ge-sadian. II. to become satisfied, to get satiated or tired :-- Mé þincþ ðæt ðú sadige hwæt hwegnunges and ðé þincen tó ǽlenge ðás langan spell methinks thou art getting somewhat wearied and these long discourses seem to thee too protracted, Bt. 39, 4; Fox 218, 5.
sadol (-el, -ul), es; m. A saddle :-- Sadol sella, Wrt. Voc. ii. 120, 33 : i. 83, 70. Sadul, 23, 19. Hé héht eahta mearas on flet teón, ðara ánum stód sadol, ðæt wæs hildesetl heáhcyninges, Beo. Th. 2080; B. 1038. [O. H. Ger. satal, satul; m. : Icel. söðull; m.] v. seám-sadol.
sadol-beorht; adj. Having a splendid saddle :-- Þrió wicg sadolbeorhte (cf. sadol searwun fáh, since gewurðad, 2080 : B. 1038), Beo. Th. 4356; B. 2175.
sadol-boga, an; m. A saddle-bow :-- Sadolboga carpella, Wrt. Voc. i. 291, 16 : ii. 128, 71. Sadulboga, 103, 4. Sadelboga, 17, 34 : corbus, 22, 46. Sadulboga, i. 23, 18. [Icel. söðul-bogi : O. H. Ger. satalbogo.]
sadol-felg, e; -felge, an; f. The pommel of a saddle; pella (cf. Spanish pella a ball, anything made in a round form) :-- Sadulfelgae, -felge pella, Txts. 88, 818. Sadolfelg, Wrt. Voc. ii. 68, 9. Sadolfelg (? Wrt. radolfelt), i. 291, 15.
sadolian; p. ode To saddle :-- Ic sadelige hors sterno, Ælfc. Gr. 28, 1; Som, 30, 34. [Icel. söðla : O. H. Ger. satalón.] v. ge-sadelod.
sǽ; m. f.; gen. sǽs, sǽes, sǽ, sǽwe, seó; nom. pl. sǽs, sǽ; dat. sǽm, sǽum, sǽwum. Sea. The word is found in the following glosses :-- Sǽ mare vel aequor, Wrt. Voc. i. 41, 62 : 70, 13. Brym, sǽ aequor, 53, 50. Sǽ latex (latex?), ii. 53, 17, Ðæs ýþiendan sǽs fluctivagi ponti, 149, 61. And sǽ et salis, 32, 28. Mid sǽ cum pelago, 21, 27. Ofer sǽ citra pontum, 18, 68. Ða hǽwnan sǽs marmora glauca, 57, 7. Sǽ marmora, 91, 73. I. sea (water as opposed to air and earth) :-- On ðæm dæge gewíteþ heofon and eorþe and sǽ, and ealle ða þing ðe on ðǽm syndon, Blickl. Homl. 91, 21. God gescóp ðone rodor betweoh heofone and eorþan and betweoh ðǽm twǽm sǽum, ðæm uplícan and ðæm niðerlícan. Se uplíca sǽ ... céleþ ðære tungla hǽto, and se rodor ymbféhþ útan eall ðás niðerlícan gesceafte, sǽ and eorþan, Shrn. 63, 5-10. On syx dagum Crist geworhte heofenas and eorþan, sǽs and ealle gesceafta, L. Alf. 3; Th. i. 44, 13. II. sea (as opposed to land) :-- Ðonne ðú wyte ðæt sǽ sí ful at high water, Lchdm. iii. 176, 18. Ús drífaþ ða ællreordan tó sǽ, wiðscúfeþ ús seó sǽ ðám ællreordum, Bd. 1, 13; S. 481, 44. Ðæs sǽes flódes weaxnes, 5, 3; S. 616, 16. On sǽs (sǽes, Lind. : séæs, Rush.) grund in profundum maris, Mt. Kmbl. 18, 6. For gedréfednesse sǽs swéges, Lk. Skt. 21, 25. Sǽs earm, Ors. 1, 1; Swt. 24, 6, 14. Gang tó ðæs sǽs waroþe ... Hé eode tó ðære sǽ, Blickl. Homl. 231, 29-36. Gán ofer sǽs ýþa, 177, 18. Geswencede of ðisse sǽwe hreónesse, 233, 26 : 235, 1. Hreónesse ðære sǽwe, 235, 5. Monigra ceápstów of lande and of sǽ cumendra, Bd. 2, 3; S. 504, 19. Bát on sǽwe, Exon. Th. 458, 12; Hy. 4, 99 : Andr. Kmbl. 1029; An. 515. Æt fulre seó, Lchdm, iii. 178, 18. On siewe (? sǽwe), Cant. Moys. Thw. 29, 4. Ðá métte hié micel ýst on sǽ, Chr. 877; Erl. 78, 18. Hié micel ðæs folces ofer sǽ ádrǽfdon, 878; Erl. 78, 30 : Bd. 1, 15; S. 484, 7. Ofer ðone sǽ, 1, 12; S. 481, 2. Gif hwá his ágenne geleód bebycgge ofer sǽ, L. In. 11; Th. i. 110, 4. God gecígde ða drígnesse eorþan and ðæra wætera gegaderunga hé hét sǽs, Gen. 1, 10. Sǽs up stigon, Cd. Th. 83, 6; Gen. 1375. Ðæt ðás deópan sǽ drí geweorðaþ, Ps. Th. 65, 5. Beútan eallum sǽwum, 138, 7. III. sea (as opposed to water inland) :-- For hwí ne fixast ðú on sǽ? (cf. ic wyrpe max míne on eá, 23, 9). Hwílon ic dó, ac seldon, for ðam micel réwyt mé ys tó sǽ, Coll. Monast. Th. 24, 1-5. Sǽs tóslúpan, eal sealt wæter, Lchdm. iii. 36, 27. IV. a sea :-- Him is be-eástan se sǽ ðe man Arfatium hǽt, and westan and be-norþan Creticum se sǽ, Ors. 1, 1; Swt. 26, 32 : 28, 1. Néh ðæm clife ðære Reádan sǽs, Swt. 12, 20. Be ðære reódan sǽ, Ex. 14, 9. Betwih ðære sǽ seó is nemned Adriaticus, Blickl. Homl. 197, 21. V. of inland water, a sea, lake :-- Sume men secgaþ seó eá ðǽr wyrcþ micelne sǽ aliqui auctores ferunt fluvium vastissimo lacu exundare, Ors. 1, 1; Swt. 12, 24. On ðære sǽ in the sea (of Galilee), Mt. Kmbl. 8, 24. [Goth. saiws : O. Sax. séo, séu : O. Frs. sé : O. H. Ger. séo : Icel. sær, sjór, sjár; gen. sævar; dat. sævi, sæ.] v. eást-, heáh-, norþ-. Ost-, Wendel-, west-, wíd-sǽ.
sǽ-ǽl, es; m. A sea-eel :-- Sǽǽl murenula (cf. hec murenula a lamprun, i. 222, col. 2), Wrt. Voc. ii. 57, 74.
sǽ-ælfen[n], e; f. A sea-elf, sea-nymph :-- Sǽælfenne Naiades, Wrt. Voc. ii. 62, 32 : 59, 12. Sǽelfen, i. 60, 18.
sǽ-bát, e; f. A sea-boat :-- On sǽbáte, Andr. Kmbl. 876; An. 438 : 980; An. 490. Ic on holm gestáh, sǽbát gesæt, Beo. Th. 1270; B. 633 : 1795; B. 895.
sǽ-beorh a sea-hill, a hill or cliff against the sea :-- Ealle geríman stánas on eorþan, steorran on heofonum, sǽbeorga sand (MS. sund; but cf. Ic ðínne ofspring gemenigfylde swá swá steorran on heofenum and swá swá sandceosol on sǽ, Gen. 22, 17), Cd. Th. 205, 25; Exod. 441. Hú gewearð ðé ðæt ðú sǽbeorgas sécan woldes, merestreáma gemet, ofer cald cleofu ceóles neósan, Andr. Kmbl. 615; An. 308.
sǽ-burh a maritime town :-- Hé gewunade in *Capharnaum ðæt is sǽ-burug (-caestrae, Rush.) habitavit in Capharnaum maritima (*note on Capharnaum : In ðær byrig Capharnaum is genemned and maritimam cuoeð, forðon ðyú burg is on sǽ), Mt. Kmbl. Lind. 4, 13. [Icel. sæ-borg a sea-side town.]
sæc; adj. I. hostile, offensive, hateful :-- Tó áscamelícum ad detestabilem, ad odiosum, sæcum invisum, exosum, meltestran húse lupanar, Hpt. Gl. 500, 58-62. v. next word. II. guilty, charged with guilt. v. on-sæc, sac; and cf. Icel. sekr guilty, convicted.
-sæc. v. and-, eoful-, wiðer-sæc.
sæcc, es; m. Sacking, sack-cloth :-- Hé árás of ðam wácan sæcce ðe hé lange onuppan dreórig wæs sittende, Homl. Skt. i. 23, 802. Ðú slite hǽran (sæcc, MS, C.) míne conscidisti saccum meum, Ps. Spl. 29, 13. v. sacc, sæccing.
sæc[c], e; f. Strife, contest, conflict :-- Á wæs sæc, Elen. Kmbl. 2512; El. 1257. Ðǽr biþ ceóle wén slíðre sæcce there (at the rocky shore) the vessel may expect fierce conflict, Exon. Th. 384, 17; Rä. 4, 29. Hé sæcce ne wéneþ tó Gár-Denum, Beo. Th. 1205; B. 600. Se æt sæcce gebád wíghryre wráðra, 3241; B. 1618 : 1910; B. 953. Ðam æt sæcce wearð Weohstán bana méces ecgum Weohstan felled him in fight with the edge of the falchion, 5218; B. 2612. Nægling geswác æt sæcce (in fight with the fire-drake), 5355; B. 2681. Tír geslógon æt sæcce gained glory in battle, Chr. 937; Erl. 112, 4 : Erl. 114, 8. Æt sæcce forweorþan to perish in battle, Judth. Thw. 25, 32; Jud. 289. Æt wígge spéd, sigor æt sæcce, Elen. Kmbl. 2363; El. 1183. Hé feorg gesealde æt sæcce, Apstls. Kmbl. 117; Ap. 59. Ic ofslóh æt ðære sæcce (the battle with Grendel's mother) húses hyrdas, Beo. Th. 3334; B. 1665. Hé tó sæcce bær wǽpen wundrum heard he to battle bore a weapon wondrous hard, 5366; B. 2686. Se ðe sæcce genæs he who came safe from conflict (Beowulf), 3959; 1977. Sæcce sécean, 3982; B. 1989. Nó hé him ðam sæcce ondréd, ne him ðæs wyrmes wíg for wiht dyde, 4684; B. 2347. Sæcce fremman to fight, 4991; B. 2499 : Exon. Th. 496, 28; Rä. 85, 21. Hí hæfdon sæcce gesóhte, sceolde sweordes ecg feorh ácsigan, Andr. Kmbl. 2265; An. 1134. Hé wælfǽhþa dǽl sæcca gesette he composed many a deadly feud and quarrel, Beo. Th. 4062; B. 2029. Cf. sacu.
sæccan (?) to fight, contend :-- Oft ic sceal wið wǽge winnan and wið winde feohtan, somod wið ðám sæcce (? sæcce fremman or sécan, v. preceding word; but cf. also sacian, sacan), Exon. 398, 3; Rä. 17, 2.
sæccing, es; m. Sacking, a bed made of sacking :-- Hí on sæccingum (in grabatis) bǽron ða untruman, Mk. Skt. 6, 55. v. sæcc.
sæc-dóm, sǽ-ceaster. v. sceac-dóm, sǽ-burh.
sǽ-ceosol sand or gravel on the sea-shore :-- Sǽceosol arena maris, Gen. 32, 12. Sǽcysul calculus, Wrt. Voc. i. 38, 23.
sæcg, secgan, sæcgen. v. secg, secgan, sægen.
sǽ-cir[r] the retreat of the sea (when the waves drew back and left a passage for the Israelites), Cd. Th. 196, 13; Exod. 291.
sǽ-clif a cliff by the sea :-- Swá fela welena swá ðara sondcorna beóþ be ðisum sǽclifum, Bt. 7, 4; Fox 22, 27.
sǽ-cocc, es; m. A cockle :-- Hwæt féhst ðú on sǽ? Crabban muslan sǽcoccas cancros, musculos, neptigallos, Coll. Monast. Th. 24, 11. [Cf. a farthing-worth of muscles were a feste for suche folke, oþer so fele Cockes (cokkys, MS. G. : cokeles, MS. I.), Piers P. C text x. 95. Welsh cocs cockles.]
sǽ-col, es; n. Jet; gagates, Wrt. Voc. ii. 42, 25.
sǽ-cyning, es; m. A sea-king, a king who was powerful on the sea :-- Helm Scylfinga, ðone sélestan sǽcyninga ðara ðe in Swióríce sinc brytnade, Beo. Th. 4754; B. 2382. [Icel. sæ-konungr.]
sæd; adj. with gen. Sated, weary, filled, having had one's fill (the word is not used in the sense of modern sad) :-- Sæd effetus, i. plenus, Germ. 396, 215. Ðǽr læg secg mænig ... wérig wíges sæd many a warrior lay dead there ... : of war had had his fill, Chr. 937; Erl. 112, 20. Beadoweorca sæd, Exon. Th. 388, 4; Rä. 6, 2. Wiste wlonc and wínes sæd, 369, 11; Seel. 39. Swíðe ǽtan and sade wurdan manducaverunt et saturati sunt nimis, Ps. Th. 77, 29. Hí sæde wǽron saturaviteos, 80, 15. [Goth. saþs : O. Sax. sad : O. L. Ger. sad : O. H. Ger. sat satur : Icel. saðr (saddr).] v. hilde-, un-, wín-sæd; sadian.
sǽd, es; n. I. seed, what is sown, that part of a plant which propagates :-- Senepes sǽd granum sinapis, Mk. Skt. 4, 31. Ðæt treów sceolde sǽde eft onfón the tree should again bear seed, Cd. Th. 251, 12; Dan. 562: 252, 24; Dan. 583. Ealle treówu ðe habbaþ sǽd on him silfon heora ágenes cynnes universa ligna quae habent in semetipsis sementem generis sui, Gen. 1, 29. Ðam men ðe seów gód sǽd on his æcyre, Mt. Kmbl. 13, 24. Út eode se sǽdere his sǽd tó sáwenne, Mk. Skt. 4, 3. Swylce man wurpe gód sǽd (sementem) on his land, 4, 26. I a. fig. seed, that from which anything springs :-- Ðæt hálige sǽd gewát, ðæt him ǽr of ðæs láreówes múþe bodad wæs, Blickl. Homl. 55, 29. Ðeáh biþ sum corn sǽdes gehealden symle on ðære sáwle sóðfæstnesse: ðæs sǽdes corn biþ simle áweaht mid áscunga, Met. 22, 37-41. Gif wé eów ða gástlícan sǽd sáwaþ, Homl. Th. ii. 534, 26. II. the ripe fruit, that from which the seed is taken :-- Hí heora sylfra sǽd sníþaþ they shall reap their crops, Ps. Th. 125, 5. Se háta sumor giereþ and drígeþ sǽd anð bléda, Met. 29, 61. III. fruit, growth :-- Of wlite wendaþ wæstma gecyndu, biþ seó síðre tíd sǽda gehwylces mǽtræ in mægne, Exon. Th. 105, 1; Gú. 16. IV. sowing, v. sǽd-tima:--Sǽd and geríp sumor and winter ne geswícaþ sementis et messis, aestas et hiems non requiescent, Gen. 8, 22. V. applied to animals, seed, progeny, posterity :-- Sǽd crementum (in a list 'de homine et de partibus ejus'), Wrt. Voc. i. 282, 26: ii. 16, 39. Weres sǽd, 44, 55. Mín sǽd him þeówaþ, Ps. Th. 21, 29. Ðæt sǽd ðara unrihtwísra forwyrð, 36, 28. Tó Abrahame wæs cweþende ðæt his sǽd oferweóxe ealle ðás woruld, Blickl. Homl. 159, 26. Swá hé spræc tó Abrahame and hys sǽde, Lk. Skt. 1, 55. Ðæt his bróðor nime his wíf and his bróðor sǽd wecce, Mk. Skt. 12, 19. [Goth. mana-séþs: O. H. Ger. sát: Icel. sáð seed, crop.] v. god-, lín-, un-, wád-sǽd.
sǽd-berende seed-bearing :-- Eorþe swealh sǽdberendes (v. sǽd, V) Sethes líce, Cd. Th. 69, 33; Gen. 1145. Grówende wirte and sǽdberende herbam viventem et facientem semen, Gen. 1, 29.
sǽd-cynn, es; n. A kind of seed :-- Ǽghwilc sǽdcyn omne genus seminarum, Wrt. Voc. i. 55, 30. Sǽdere gebyreþ ðæt hé hæbbe ǽlces sǽdcynnes ǽnne leáp fulne, ðonne hé ǽlc sǽd wel gesáwen hæbbe ofer geáres fyrst, L. R. S. 11; Th. i. 438, 9.
Sǽ-Dene; pl. The sea-Danes, Danes of the islands(?), or Danes skilled in sea-faring(?):--Sigehere lengest Sǽ-Denum weóld, Exon. Th. 320, 13; Víd. 31. Cf. Sǽ-Geátas.
sǽ-deór, es; m. A sea-beast (cf. Milton's 'that sea-beast Leviathan'):--Hine swencte on sunde sǽdeór monig, Beo. Th. 3025; B. 1510. Hé hét his ágene men hine sændan on ðone sǽ, and ða sǽdeór hine sóna forswulgon, Shrn. 54, 27. Hý mon wearp in sǽdeóra seáþ, 133, 11. Gif hit on Frigedæig þunrige, ðæt tácnaþ sǽdeóra cwealm, Lchdm. iii. 180, 17. [Icel. sjó-dýr.]
sǽdere, es; m. A sower :-- Sǽdere sator, seminator, Hpt. Gl. 461, 73. Sum sǽdere férde tó sáwenne his sǽd, Homl. Th. ii. 88, 12: Mk. Skt. 4, 3. Be sǽdere, L. R. S. 11; Th. i. 438, 8. v. next word.
sǽdian; p. ode To sow, provide seed for land :-- Folgere gebyreþ ðæt hé on twelf mónþum .ii. æceras geearnige, óðerne gesáwene and óðerne unsáwene; sǽdige sylf ðæne he must provide the seed for the latter himself, L. R. S. 10; Th. i. 438, 5.
sǽd-leáp, es; m. A basket or other vessel of wood carried on one arm of the husbandman, to bear the seed which he sows with the other, a seed-leap (Essex), seed-lip (Oxford). v. E. D. S. Pub. B. 18; also seed-lop, v. Old Country and Farming words, iii. Hopur or a seed lepe satorium, saticulum, Prompt. Parv. 246. A sedlepe saticulum, Wülck. Gl. 609, 28: semilio, 611, 11:--Sǽdleáp, Anglia ix. 264, 13. [Ðæt acersǽd hwǽte, ðæt is twegen sédlǽpes, and ðæt bærlíc, ðæt is þré sédlǽpas, and ðæt acersǽd áten, ðæt is feówer sédlǽpas, Chr. 1124; Erl. 252, 34-36. In the note on this passage seed-lip is said to be still used in Somersetshire.] v. leáp.
sǽd-líc; adj. Seminal :-- Séd sǽdlíc semen seminalem, Rtl. 146, 17.
sǽdnaþ, es; m. Sowing :-- Sǽdnaþ satio, seminatio, Wrt. Voc. i. 37, 50.
sædness, e; f. Satiety, repletion :-- Óþ sædnesse ad congeriem, congestionem, nauseam, satietatem, Germ. 391, 30.
sǽ-draca, an; m. A sea-dragon, sea-serpent :-- Sǽdracan leviathan .i. serpens aquaticus, Hpt. Gl. 424, 55. Gesáwon æfter wætere wyrmcynnes fela, sellíce sǽdracan, sund cunnian, Beo. Th. 2856; B. 1426.
sǽd-tíma, an; m. Seed-time, time for sowing :-- Sǽdtíma and hærfest, sumor and winter ne geswícaþ nǽfre, Hexam. 7; Norm. 12, 28. [Icel. sáð-tími the sowing season.] v. sǽd, IV.
sǽ-earm, es; m. An arm of the sea :-- Scýt se sǽearm up of ðæm sǽ westrihte, Ors. 1, 1; Swt. 22, 4.
sǽ-ebbung, -elfen. v. sǽ-æbbung, -ælfenn.
sǽ-færeld a sea-passage, med in reference to the attempt made by the Egyptians to pass the Red Sea:--Ðá hí (the Egyptians) oninnan ðæm sǽfærelde wǽron, Ors. 1, 7; Swt. 38, 33.
sǽ-fæsten the fastness or stronghold which the sea constitutes :-- Óþ ðæt sǽfæsten landes æt ende leódmægne forstód the sea was a stronghold which blocked the further passage of the Israelites, Cd. Th. 185, 24; Exod. 127.
sǽ-faroþ the sea-shore :-- Ceólas léton æt sǽfearoþe sande bewrecene, Elen. Kmbl. 501; El. 251. Sæfaroþa sand, Cd. Th. 236, 18; Dan. 323. v. sǽ-waroþ.
Sæfern, e; also indecl. f. The river Severn :-- Hié gedydon innan Sæferne múþan, Chr. 918; Erl. 102, 24. On Sæferne staþe, 894; Erl. 92, 23. Hié gedydon æt Sæferne, ðá fóron be Sæferne . . . be westan Sæfern, 92, 14-20. Be Sæfern, 896; Erl. 94, 15. Be westan Sæferne, Bd. 5, 23; S. 646, 21. Of Seferne, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. iii. 393, 10. Of Sæfern, 405, 29. Westweardes on Sæferne, ii. 150, 9, 14. Latin forms in the charters are Saberna, i. 64, 11: Sabrina, 84, 2: Saebrina, ii. 59, 18.
Sæfern-múþa, an; m. The mouth of the Severn :-- On súþhealfe Sæfernmúþan, Chr. 918; Erl. 104, 4: 997; Erl. 134, 8.
sǽ-fise, es; m. A sea-fish, fish that lives in the sea :-- Fleógende fuglas and sǽfiscas volucres coeli et pisces maris, Ps. Th. 8, 8. Swelaþ sǽfiscas, wǽgdeóra gehwylc swelteþ, Exon. Th. 61, 19; Cri. 987. Óðre sǽfisca cynn, 363, 19; Wal. 56. [Ifulled mid gode sæfisce, Laym. 22550. Icel. sæ-fiskr.]
sáe-flód, es; m. n. I. an incoming tide, flood (as opposed to ebb):--Grécas hátaþ malina sǽflód ðonne hyt wixst, and ledon ðonne hyt wanaþ (cf. ledona népflód vel ebba, malina heáhflód, Wrt. Voc. i. 57, 11-12), Anglia viii. 327, 29. Wæs án burg sió wæs néh ðæm sǽ óþ án sǽflód com and hié áwéste civitas repentino maris impetu abscissa, atque desolata est, Ors. 2, 7; Swt. 90, 20. On ðissum geáre com ðæt mycele sǽflód, and ærn swá feor up swá nǽfre ǽr ne dyde, and ádrencte feala túna, Chr. 1014; Erl. 151, 14. Ðises geáres ásprang up tó ðan swíðe sǽflód, and swá mycel tó hearme dyde swá nán man ne gemunet ðæt hit ǽfre ǽror dyde, 1099; Erl. 235, 24. Sǽflóde indruto, Wrt. Voc. ii. 48, 27. II. the sea, the water of the sea :-- Ðá fandode forþweard scipes (Noah) hwæðer sincende sǽflód wǽre, Cd. Th. 86, 28; Gen. 1437. Heofen and eorþe síde sǽflódas coeli et terra, mare, Ps. Th. 68, 35. [He lætte bi sæflode ʒearkien scipen gode, Laym. 2630.]
sǽ-flota, an; m. A ship :-- Næs him cúð hwá ðam sǽflotan sund wísode, Andr. Kmbl. 761; An. 381. [Cf. He makede muchul sæflot, Laym. 4530.]
sǽ-fór, e; f. A journey by sea, a voyage :-- Nis ðæs módwlonc mon ofer eorþan . . . ðæt hé á his sǽfóre sorge næbbe, Exon. Th. 308, 19; Seef. 42.
sǽ-fugol a sea-fowl. Sǽfugl, as a proper name, occurs in the genealogy of Ælle of Northumbria, Chr. 560; Erl. 16, 29. [Icel. sjó-fugl.]
sǽgan; p. de To cause to sink :-- Óþ ðæt seó sunne on súþrodor sǽged weorðeþ (cf. Só giségid wurð sedle náhor hédra sunna, Hel. 5715), Exon. 207, 15; Ph. 142. v. on-sǽgan; sígan.
sǽ-geáp; adj. Roomy enough for sea voyages (of a ship):--Sǽgeáp naca, Beo. Th. 3797; B. 1896.
Sǽ-Geátas; pl. The seafaring(?) Geats :-- Ða Sǽ-Geátas sélran næbben tó geceósenne cyning ǽnigne, Beo. Th. 3704; B. 1850. Sǽ-Geáta (Beowulf and his companions) síðas, 3976; B. 1986. Cf. Sǽ-Dene.
sægedness a sacrifice, Mk. Skt. Lind. Rush. 12, 33. v. on-sægedness.
sǽ-gemǽre, es; n. A sea-border, coast :-- Sǽgemǽro maritima, Lk. Skt. 6, 17. On ðám sǽgemǽrum, Mt. Kmbl. 4, 13.
sægen, sæcgen, segen, e; f. I. a saying, statement, assertion :-- Ðá sægde se Clitus ðæt Philippus máre hæfde gedón ðonne hé. Hé ðá Alexander áhleóp, and hiene for ðære sægene ofslóg, Ors. 3, 9; Swt. 130, 30. Heora biscopas from hiora godum sǽden ðæt hié ðæt gefeoht forbuden. Ac Papirius ða biscepas for ðære sægene swíðe bismrade, 3, 10; Swt. 140, 2. Se Hǽlend cwæð: 'Ic sittende beó æt mínes Fæder swíðran.' Ðá cwæð se ealdorbiscop: 'Hwæt þincþ eów be ðissere segene, Homl. Th. ii. 248, 22: 320, 31: 484, 1. Gyf hé ðé segþ ðæt hé hwethwugu gesáwe . . . hweðer ðé áwuht æt his segene tweóge, Shrn. 196, 17. Ðú ne tweódast ymbe Honorius segene, hwí tweóst ðú ymbe hera þegena sæcgena, 197, 21-23. Hié sǽdon ðæt sió sibb of his mihte wǽre ac hé fleáh ða sægene he would not admit what they said, Ors. 3, 5; Swt. 106, 33. Sægenum assertionibus, Wrt. Voc. ii. 3, 62. Hié wiston be ðæs engles sægenum, ge be heora sige ge be ðara hǽðenra manna fleáme, Blickl. Homl. 203, 3. Sæcgenum, Ps. Th. 144, 7. II. what is said generally, tradition, report, story :-- Ðæt is fyrn sægen (fyrn-sægen? cf. fyrn-gewrit, -gid) it is an old story, Andr. Kmbl. 2977; An. 1491. Ic wolde gewitan hweðer sió segen sóð wǽre ðe mé mon be ðon sægde I wanted to know whether the story I had been told about it was true, Nar. 24, 15. Of ealdra manna gewritum oððe sægene ex scriptis vel traditione priorum, Bed. pref.; S. 472, 19. Se hlísa ðe þurh yldra manna segene tó ús becom opinio quae traditione majorum ad nos perlata est, 2, 1; S. 501, 2. On gewritum oððe on ealdra manna sægenum munimentis literarum vel seniorum traditione, pref.; S. 471, 27. Sægenum scriptis, 472, 5. III. a narration, relation (whether spoken or written):--Ðý læs ðæt eów seó sægen monigfealdlícor biþ onþúhte tó wrítanne ic ða wille lǽton ðe ðǽr gewurdon ne sim scribendi multiplex, priora facta praecognita praetereo, Nar. 3, 29. [Icel. sögn a tale, report.] v. ge-, sóþ-sægn, eald-gesegen.
sǽ-genga, an; m. I. a sea-goer, a mariner :-- Ða gleáwe sǽgenga (gleáwan sǽgengan ?) wel hig understandaþ ðæt eorþlíce líchamlíce beóþ fulran on weaxendum mónan ðonne on wanigendum the skilful mariners well understand that earthly, corporeal things are fuller with a waxing than with a waning moon, Anglia viii. 327, 21. II. a vessel, ship :-- Sǽgenga fór, fleát fámigheals forþ ofer ýðe, bundenstefna ofer brimstreámas, Beo. Th. 3821; B. 1908: 3769; B. 1882.
sǽ-geset, es; n. A maritime district :-- Saegesetu (-seotu) promaritima, Txts. 82, 728. Sǽgesetu, Wrt. Voc. ii. 68, 33.
sægl, -sægness, sægnian. v. sigel, on-sægness, segnian.
sǽ-grund (or sǽ (gen.) grund), es; m. The depth of the sea, the bottom of the sea :-- Ne mé forswelge sǽgrundes deóp neque obsorbeat me profundum, Ps. Th. 68, 15. Paulus áwrát be him sylfum, ðæt hé ǽnne dæg and áne niht on sǽgrunde ádruge, Homl. Th. ii. 574, 14. Sǽgrunde neáh (cf. ðis fis (the whale) wuneð wið ðe se grund, Misc. 16, 517), Beo. Th. 1133; B. 564. Þurh ðone sǽgrund (profundum maris, cf. tó sǽs grunde, l. 18, and on sǽs grund, Mt. Kmbl. 18, 6) is getácnod hira ende, Past. 2; Swt. 31, 20. Fán Gode besenctun on sǽgrund sigefæstne wer, Menol. Fox 421; Men. 212. Ic styrge wíde sǽgrundas, Exon. Th. 382, 12; Rä. 3, 10: Cd. Th. 196, 9; Exod. 289.
sǽ-hengest, es; m. I. a sea-horse, hippopotamus :-- Sǽhengest ipotamus, Wrt. Voc. ii. 48, 30. II. a sea-steed, ship :-- Hú ðú wǽgflotan, sǽhengeste, sund wísige, Andr. Kmbl. 975; An. 488. Cf. sǽ-mearh.
sǽ-hete (or sǽ (gen.) hete), es; m. Raging of the sea :-- Mid ðý wé wið ðam winde and wið ðam sǽ (sǽhete, MS. Ca.) campodan cum vento pelagoque certantes, Bd. 5, 1; S. 613, 27.
sǽ-holm, es; m. Sea :-- Sǽholm oncneów, gársecges begang, ðæt ðú gife hæfdes, Andr. Kmbl. 1058; An. 529.
sæht, sæhtlian. v. seht, sahtlian.
sæl, sel, es; n. A hall :-- Ic seah rǽplingas in ræced fergan under hróf sales, Exon. Th. 435, 3; Rä. 53, 2. Gæst yrre cwom, ðǽr wé sæl weardodon, Beo. Th. 4157; B. 2075. Ne gód hafoc geond sæl swingeþ, 4520; B. 2264. Hý sæl timbred (æltimbred, MS., the alliteration requires s) ongytan mihton; ðæt wæs foremǽrost receda, 620; B. 307. Heorot (Hrothgar's hall), sincfáge sel, 336; B. 167. Geond ðæt síde sel, Andr. Kmbl. 1523; An. 763. Wuna salu sinchroden halls splendidly decorated, 3342; An. 1675. Salo, Cd. Th. 113, 3; Gen. 1881. Gesáwon ofer since salo hlifian, reced ofer reádum golde, 145, 10; Gen. 2403. [Wyn for to schenche, after mete in sale, Horn. 1107. Þyse renkeʒ schal neuer sitte in my sale my soper to fele, Allit. Pms. 41, 107. Such a freke watʒ neuer in þat sale er þat tyme, Gaw. 197. O. H. Ger. sal exsolium, coenaculum; daz sal templum: Icel. salr a hall.] v. beág-sel, burg-, folc-, horn-sæl; sele, salor.
sǽl, es; m.: e; f. I. time, occasion :-- Ðá becom se apostol æt sumum sǽle (on one occasion) tó ðære byrig Pergamum, Homl. Th. i. 62, 24: 70, 23. On sumne sǽl quandoque, Ælfc. Gr. 38; Som. 40, 66. Heora wíse on nǽnne sǽl wel ne gefór, Ors. 4, 4; Swt. 164, 13. Ðás wyrte man mæg niman on ǽlcne sǽl this plant may be gathered at any time, Lchdm. i. 112, 3. II. a fit time, season, opportunity, the definite time at which an event should take place :-- Ðéh ðe seel síe etiamsi oportuerit, Mt. Kmbl. Lind. 26, 35. Ðá Godan sǽl þúhte ðá gesóhte hé ðone kynincg when it appeared to Goda a favourable opportunity, he visited the king, Chart. Th. 202, 30. Hí wundiaþ, ðonne se sǽl cymeþ, Fragm. Kmbl. 43; Leás. 23. Ðá wæs sǽl and mǽl, ðæt tó healle gang Healfdenes sunu it was the proper time for Hrothgar to go to the banquet-hall, Beo. Th. 2021; B. 1008. Óþ ðæt sǽl álamp (cf. Ðá seó tíd gelamp, ðæt . . ., Met. 26, 17) ðæt hió Beówulfe medoful ætbær till the proper time arrived for her to present the mead cup to Beowulf, 1249; B. 622: 4123; B. 2058. Ic ofslóh æt ðære sæcce ðá mé sǽl ágeald (when opportunity was offered me: cf. ðá him rúm ágeald 5374; B. 2690) húses hyrdas, 3335; B. 1665: Cd. Th. 121, 11; Gen. 2008. Seó sǽl gewearð (cf. seó tíd gewearð, ðæt se eorl ongan æðele cennan, 74, 25; Gen. 1227), ðæt his wíf sunu on woruld brohte, 72, 14: Gen. 1186. Se sǽl cymeþ, ðæt heó dómes dæges dyn gehýre, Salm. Kmbl. 648; Sal. 323. Ne mihte ná lengc manna ǽnig hine sylfne bedyrnan ac gehwá tó sǽles (at once) móste clipian, Homl. Skt. i. 23, 115. Wit þencaþ sǽles bídan siððan sunne Metod up forlǽt we intend to wait till after sunrise, Cd. Th. 147, 10; Gen. 2437. Sǽles bídeþ hwonne heó cræft hyre cýþan móte, Exon. Th. 413, 28; Rä. 32, 12. Hé sóhte ða seel (sél, Rush.) ðætte hine salde quaerebat opportunitatem ut eum traderet, Mt. Kmbl. Lind. 26, 16. III. time as in bad or good times, circumstance, condition. v. IV:--Nú ís sǽl (a time of misery) cumen, þreá ormǽte, Andr. Kmbl. 2332: An. 1167. Storm oft holm gebringeþ in grimmum sǽlum storm oft brings ocean into a furious condition, Exon. Th. 336, 20; Gn. Ex. 52. Jacob byþ on glædum sǽlum exultabit Jacob, Ps. Th. 52, 8. Hæfdan beorgas blíðe sǽle montes exultaverunt, 113, 14. Sael gewynsumie roeðe casus secundet asperos, Ps. Surt. ii. 201, 11. IV. happiness, good fortune, good time, prosperity (often in pl.):--On ðære stówe wé gesunde mágon sǽles bídan, Cd. Th. 152, 21; Gen. 2523. Mæg snottor guma sǽle brúcan, gódra tída, Exon. Th. 104, 12; Gú. 6. Sǽlum geblissad gladdened with all joys, 207, 12; Ph. 140. Siteþ sorgcearig, sǽlum bidǽled, 379, 5; Deór. 28. Syngum tó sǽlum (cf. After liked him ful wele for al was turned him to sele, C. M. 4432) for the happiness of sinners, 84, 21; Cri. 1377. Ne frín ðú æfter sǽlum, sorh is geníwod, Beo. Th. 2648; B. 1322. ¶ On sǽlum, sálum in a state of happiness, happy [cf. þu ware a sele gief ich was wroð, O. E. Homl. ii. 183, 17. Heora færð wes on sæle was prosperous, Laym. 1310. Selden sal he ben on iele (selde wurþ he blyþe and gled, Jes. MS.), Misc. 121, 301]:--Þá wæs þeód on sǽlum (joyous), Beo. Th. 1291; B. 643. On sálum, 1218; B. 607. Ðú on sǽlum wes be fortunate, 2345; B. 1170. On sǽlum in times of prosperity, Met. 2, 2, 7. Folc wæs on sálum, Cd. Th. 184, 13; Exod. 106: 214, 5; Exod. 564: Elen. Kmbl. 387; El. 194. [All middellærdess sceþe and sel, Orm. 14304. For quoso suffer cowþe syt (trouble), sele wolde fol&yogh;e, Allit. Pms. 92, 5. Goth. sélei goodness: Icel. sæla bliss, joy, happiness.] v. gyte-, heáh-sǽl; sǽlþ.
sǽ-lác a gift or present or offering that comes from the sea or from a lake :-- Beowulf maþelode: Hwæt wé ðé ðás sǽlác (what B. had brought to Hrothgar from Grendel's lake-dwelling) brohton tíres tó tácne, Beo. Th. 3308; B. 1652: 3253; B. 1624.
sǽ-lád a course or way on the sea :-- Wé on sǽláde (in our course) brecaþ ofer bæðweg, Andr. Kmbl. 1022; An. 511. Hie on sǽláde wíf tó Denum feredon they on the watery way took the woman to Denmark, Beo. Th. 2319; B. 1157. Hé tó gyrnwræce swíðor þohte ðonne tó sǽláde his thoughts were turned rather to vengeance effected by wiles than to taking his way over the sea, 2283; B. 1139. [Cf. Icel. sjó-leiði a seaway; sjó-leiðis by sea.]
sǽ-láf what is left by the sea, applied to the spoils of the Egyptians drowned in the Red Sea:--Ongunnon sǽláfe dǽlan, ealde mádmas, reáf and randas, Cd. Th. 215, 16; Exod. 584.
sǽlan; p. de To happen, betide, fortune (e. g. in Spenser):--Gif hié ærfeweard ne gestriónen, oðða him sylfum ælles hwæt sǽle . . . Gif him elles hwæt sǽleþ, Chart. Th. 471, 30-472, 1. Sǽlde unc on þám brocum swá unc gesǽlde (sǽlde, Kmbl.) happen what might to us in those troubles, 485, 23. Hú ðé sǽle how it may happen to thee, what your success may be, Andr. Kmbl. 2710; An. 1357. v. ge-, tó-sǽlan.
sǽlan; p. de. I. to fasten with a cord :-- Hé sǽlde tó sande sídfæðmed scip oncerbendum fæst, Beo. Th. 3838; B. 1917. Wedera leóde sǽwudu sǽldon, 457; B. 226. Hwǽr wé sǽlan sceolon sǽhengestas ancrum fæste, Exon. Th. 54, 3; Cri. 863. Ymb geofenes stæþ gearwe stódon sǽlde sǽmearas, Elen. Kmbl. 455; El. 228. II. fig. to restrain, repress, confine :-- Dómgeorne dreórigne hyge oft in heora breóstcofan bindaþ fæste. Swá ic módsefan mínne sceolde oft feterum sǽlan, Exon. Th. 287, 29; Wand. 21. Sǽlde sǽgrundas the bound sea-depths (in contrast with the relaxing of the bonds which held the sea, when a passage was made through it for the Israelites), Cd. Th. 196, 9; Exod. 289. [Goth. in-sailjan.] v. á-, ge-, on-, un-sǽlan; sál.
sǽ-land a maritime district :-- Mín gafolfisc ðe mé áríst be sǽlande maritimos pisces qui mihi contingere debent annualiter per thelonei lucrum, Chart. Th. 308, 1. [Cf. Icel. Sjó-land (a local name).]
sælen; adj. Of sallow :-- Sælenum salignis, Wrt. Voc. ii. 89, 50. [O. H. Ger. salahin salignus.] v. sealh.
sǽ-leóþ a sea-song, song sung by the sailors in rowing, to keep stroke :-- Sǽleóþes celeumatis (GREEK), Wrt. Voc. ii. 22, 24.
sǽ-líc; adj. Of the sea :-- On sǽlícum strande on the sea-shore, Homl. Th. ii. 62, 10. Of sǽlícum grunde, 138, 11. On sǽlícere ýðe in the water of the sea, 138, 8. Hí fixodon on sǽlícum ýðum, i. 576, 21. Gedréfed on ðám sǽlícum ýðum ðyssere worulde, ii. 388, 7. On sǽlícum in glarigeris, Hpt. Gl. 465, 3: in marinis, 473, 71. Ðæt hí Seaxna þeóde ofer ðám sǽlícum (? of ðám ofersǽlícum) dǽlum him on fultum gecýgdon ut Saxonum gentem de transmarinis partibus in auxilium vocarent, Bd. 1, 14; S. 482, 39. Ic rówe ofer sǽlíce dǽlas navigo ultra marinas partes, Coll. Monast. Th. 26, 33. Drihten gegaderode ða sǽlícan ýða fram ðære eorþan brádnysse, Hexam. 6; Norm. 10, 16. Ða sǽlícan nýtenu (two seals), Homl. Th. ii. 138, 15. v. ofersǽ-líc.
sǽ-lida, -leoda, an; m. A sea-goer, sailor :-- Snottor sǽleoda (Noah), Cd. Th. 201, 18; Exod. 374. Gehýrst ðú, sǽlida! . . . brimmanna boda! Byrht. Th. 133, 4; By. 45. Ic ǽfre ne geseah ǽnigne mann ðé gelícne steóran ofer stæfnan . . Ic georne wát ðæt ic ǽfre ne geseah on sǽleodan syllicran cræft I have never seen in a seaman more wondrous skill, Andr. Kmbl. 999; An. 500. Nǽfre ic sǽlidan sélran métte, 941; An. 471. Offa ðone sǽlidan slóh, Byrht. Th. 140, 10; By. 286. Cf. sǽ-líðend.
sǽlig blessed, fortunate. [O. Sax. sálig: O. L. Ger. sálig, sélig: O. H. Ger. sálig bealus, felix.] v. earfoþ-, ge-, gewif-, heard-, ofer-, un-, wansǽlig, and next word.
sǽlíglice; adv. Happily :-- Séliglíce feliciter, Rtl. 79, 30. [O. Sax. sáliglíko: O. H. Ger. sáliglíhho feliciter.] v. ge-sǽliglíce.
sǽ-líðend, es; m. A seaman, sailor, seafarer; also a ship, cf. sǽ-genga :-- Secgaþ sǽlíðend. Beo. Th. 826; B. 411: 3640; B. 1818: 5604; B. 2806. Sægdon sǽlíðende, 760; B. 377. Se ðe bisenceþ sǽlíðende, eorlas and ýðmearas. Exon. 363, 4; Wal. 48. [O. Sax. séo-líðandi.]
sǽ-líðende; adj. Seafaring :-- Se mǽra wæs háten sǽlíðende weallende Wulf, Salm. Kmbl. 422; Sal. 211. [Sæ-liðende men, Laym. 7821.]
sælmerige, an; f. Brine :-- Sælmerige (sæll-, sel-; -mærige) salsamentum, Ælf. Gr. 30; Zup. 192, 18. [Cf. Span, salmuera brine: Ital. salamoja: Fr. saumure: Lot. sal-rmuria; cf. Gk. GREEK ívpos briny.]
sælþ, e; f. A dwelling, abode :-- Bare hié gesáwon heora líchaman næfdon on ðam lande ðá giet sælþa gesetena bare they (Adam and Eve after the fall) saw their bodies, they had not yet in the land dwellings appointed. Cd. Th. 48, 33; Gen. 785. [O. Sax. seliða; f. a dwelling: O. L. Ger. salitha, selitha tabernaculum, habitaculum: Goth. salithwa; f. a mansion, lodging, guest-chamber; O. H. Ger. salida, selida; f. mansio, domicilium, habitaculum.]
sǽlþ, e; f. Happiness, joy, felicity, good fortune, prosperity (the word is generally in the plural) :-- Ic nú haebbe ongiten ðæt ða míne sǽlþa and seó orsorgnes ðe ic sǽr wénde ðæt gesǽlþa beón sceoldan náne sǽlba ne sint I have now seen that my prosperity and security, that I supposed were certainly happiness, are none; non infitiari possum prospetitatis meae velocissimum cursum, Bt. 10; Fox 26, 25-27. Hátan ðæt sǽlþa ðe náne ne beóþ, 16, 3; Fox 56, 25. Áfyr fram ðé ía yfelan sǽlþa and unnettan gaudia pelle, 6; Fox 14, 32. Ðæm men þincþ ðeáh hé sé godcundlíce gesceádwis ðæt hé on him selfum næbbe sǽlþa genóge búton hé máre gegaderige ðara ungesceádwísena gescefta ðonne hé beþurfe divinum merito rationis animal, non aliter sibi splendere, nisi inanimatae supellectilis possessione videatur, 14, 2; Fox 44, 19. Ys micel niédþearf ðæt mon hiene wið ða ungemetlícan sǽlþa warenige, Past. 27; Swt. 189, 6. Hý weorðgeornra sǽlþa tðslítaþ they destroy the fortunes of the ambitious, Salm. Kmbl. 697; Sal. 348. Heofenas blissiaþ sealte sǽstreámas sǽlþe habbaþ. Ps. Th. 95, 11. [O. Sax. sálða: O. L. Ger. sálda salus, salutare : O. H. Ger. sálida felicitas, beatitas, bona fortuna; v. Grmm. D. M. pp. 822 sqq. on Sǽlde= Fortuna: Icel. sælð bliss.] v. ge-, ofer-, un-, woruld-sǽlþ.
sæltna (?) a bird's name :-- Saeltna, Wrt. Voc. ii. 119, 37 : seltra, i. 281, 8 : salthaga, 62, 36 gloss rubisca which is in the last case also glossed by rudduc the robin redbreast, v. rudduc.
sǽl-wang, es; m. A fertile plain, plain :-- Hé be wealle geseah wundrum fæste under sǽlwange sweras unlytle by the wall he saw huge pillars with their bases wondrous fast underground. Andr. Kmbl. 2984; An. 1495. Hwílum mec mín freá fæste genearwaþ, sendeþ ðonne under sǽlwonge (MS. sal-), Exon. Th. 382, 27; Rä. 4, 2. Ic geseah hors ofer sǽlwong þrægan, 400, 3; Rä. 20, 3. Hé geseah síde sǽlwongas synnum gehladene, Cd. Th. 78, 14; Gen. 1293.
sǽ-marm, es; m. I. a seaman, one who journeys by sea :-- Sǽmen æfter fóron flódwege, Cd. Th. 184, 11; Exod. 105, Sǽmanna síð, 208, 4; Exod. 478. Gáras, sǽmanna searo, Beo. Th. 663; B. 329. Hé sǽmannum onsacan mihte, 5900; B. 2954. Sigel sǽinannun. symble byþ on hihte, Runic pm. Kmbl. 342, 15; Rún. 16, II. when English affairs are referred to the word is used of the Scandinavians :-- Wálá ðære woruldscame ðe nú habbaþ Engle. Oft twegen sǽmen oððe þrý drífaþ ða dráfe cristenra manna fram sǽtð tó sǽ, Wulfst. 163, 5. Mé sendon tó ðé sǽmen snelle, Byrht. Th. 132, 41; By. 29. Gif ðú wille syllan sǽmannum feoh, 132, 58; By. 38. Hé his sincgyfan on ðám sǽmannum wrec, 139, 63; By. 278. [Icel. sjó-maðr a seaman, mariner.]
sǽ-mearh a sea-horse, a ship :-- Ús bær heáhstefn naca, snellíc sǽmearh, Andr. Kmbl. 533; An. 267. Meahte gesión brimwudu myrgan, sǽmearh plegan, Elen. Kmbl. 490; El. 245. Fearoþhengestas, sǽmearas, 455; El. 228. Heáhstefn scipu, sǽmearas. Exon. Th. 361, 5; Wal. 15. [For similar terms in Icelandic v. Corpus Poeticum Boreale, vol. ii. p. 458.] Cf. sǽ-hengest.
sǽmend, sǽmest, sǽmestre. v. sémend, sǽmra, seámestre.
sǽ-méðe; adj. Weary with being on the sea :-- Sǽméðe (Beowulf and his companions on their arrival at Hrothgar's palace], Beo. Th. 655; B. 325.
sǽ-minte, an; f. Sea-mint :-- Sǽminte nereta (cf. sea-minte nereta, Lchdm. iii. 304, col, l), Wrt. Voc. i. 68, 39: althea, 68, 79.
sæmotu (?) glosses fustrum (frustumt), Wrt. Voc. ii. 152, 10.
sǽmra; adj. (without positive) Inferior, worse :-- Symle wæs ðý sǽmra ðonne ic sweorde drep ferhþgeníðlan ever was the deadly foe the worse when I struck him with the sword, Beo. Th. 5752; B. 2880. Hit is sǽmre nú it is worse now (than in the golden age). Met. 8, 42. Ic lǽre ðæt hé gýme ǽðter ge ðæs sélran ge ðæs sǽmran I advise him to take care both of the more and of the less important matters, Anglia ix. 260, 10. Hnáhran rince, sǽmran æt sæcce, Beo. Th. 1910; B. 953. Gif ðú sóðne God lufast. . . Gif ðú tó sǽmran gode hǽtsþ hǽðen feoh. Exon. Th. 245, 28; Jul. 51 : 264, 9; Jul. 361. Ða sǽmran deteriora, Wrt. Voc. ii. 139, 38. Ðú byst se ilca se ðú ǽr ware, ne beóþ ðín winter wiht ðé sǽmran (anni tui non deficient). Ps. Th. 101, 24. Hí dweligende sécaþ ðæt héhste gód on ða sámran (sǽmran, Cote. MS. ) gesceafta id (good) error humanus a vero atque perfecto ad falsum imperfectumque traducit, Bt. 33, 1; Fox 120, 12. Sǽmust vel wyrst pessima, Blickl. Gl. Ne wǽron ðæt gesíba ða sǽmestan, Exon. Th. 326, 8; Wíd. 1 Cf. sám-.
sǽ-naca, an; m. A sea- going vessel, Exon. Th. 474, 7; Bo. 26.
sǽne; adj. Slow, dull, sluggish, inactive :-- Ymb ða gýmene his écre hǽlo hé wæs tó sǽne erga curam perpetuae suae salvationis nihil omnino studii gerens, Bd. 3, 13; S. 538, 19. Ne sceal se tó sǽne beón, ne ðissa lárna tó læt. Exon. Th. 450, 16; Dóm. 88. Sǽne mód a sluggish mind, 122, 32; Gú, 314. Næs ðæt sǽne cyning, 322, 23; Wíd. 67. Eálá ðæt ðú woldest ðæs síðfætes sǽne weorðan (slow to undertake the journey), Andr. Kmbl. 408; An. 204: 422; An. 211: Elm. Kmbl. 440; El. 220, Næs his bróðor læt, síðes sǽne, Apstls. Kmbl. 67; Ap. 34. Nǽron ða twegen tohtan sǽne, lindgeláces, 150; Ap. 75. Ðone sǽnan ðe biþ tó sláw ðú scealt hátan assa má ðonne man segnis ac stupidus torpet? asinum vivit. Bt. 37, 4; Fox 192, 19. Mægencræft móda gehwilces ofer líchoman lænnie and sǽnne might of the mind over the body weak and dull. Met. 26, 106. Hé (a sea serpent) on holme wæs sundes ðé sǽnra (the slower in swimming), ðá hyne swylt fornam, Beo. Th. 2876; B. 1436. Ic sceal sécan óðerne ellenleásran cempan sǽnran I must seek another warrior less courageous and active, Exon. Th. 266, 9; Jul. 395. [O. H. Ger. seine: Icel. scinn; Dan. seen: Swed. sen. Cf. Goth. sainjan to be slow, to tarry.] v. á-sánian.
sǽ-næss, es; m. A ness or promontory stretching into the sea, a cape :-- Sǽnesse promontorio, Hpt. Gl. 420, 7. Ða líðende land gesáwon brimclifu blícan, beorgas steápe, síde sǽnæssas, Beo. Th. 451; 6. 223. Sǽnæssas geseón, windige weallas, 1146; B. 571.
sǽ-nett a net for fishing in the sea :-- Sǽnet sagene, Wrt. Voc. i. 68, 14.
sæp, es; n. Sap :-- Sæp succus, Hpt. Gl 450, 12. Cederbeám cedrus, his sæp cedria, Wrt. Voc. i. 33, 39. Ðá wearð beam monig blódigum teárum birunnen, sæp wearð tó swáte, Exon. Th. 72, 23; Cri. 1177. Ðæs swétestan sæpes suavissime succi, Hpt. Gl. 411, 58. Seó dríge gyrd ðe næs mid sæpe ácucod, Homl. Th. ii. 8, 17. Sep sucum, Germ. 391, 18. [Ayenb, þet zep; O. H. Ger. saf: Icel. safi; m.] v. stór-sæp.
sæpig; adj. Full of sap, succulent :-- Sæpig stela succulentus cauliculus, Hpt. Gl. 419, 45. [Prompt. Parv. sapy or fulle 'of sap cariosus.] v. un-sæpig.
sæppe, an; f. The spruce fir :-- Sæppe abies. Wrt. Voc. i. 285, 40. [Cf. Lat. sappinus from which Fr. sapin.]
sæp-spón a chip or shaving with sap in it :-- Genim geongre ácrinde hand fulle . . . sceafe ðæt gréne, wylle ða sæpspóne on cúmeolce, Lchdm. ii. 292, 27.
sǽ-rima, an; m. The sea-shore, coast :-- Hí mycel yfel gedydon ǽgðer ge on Defenum ge wel hwǽr be ðæm sǽriman, Chr. 897; Erl. 95, 20: 994; Erl. 133, 19. [Bí ða sǽrime áhwǽr in Engelande in littore marino alicubi in Anglia, Chart. Th. 422, 2.] [Bi þisse særirne, Laym. 6216.]
sǽ-rinc, es; m. A sea-man, one who journeys by sea (used of the Scandinavians, cf. sǽ-mann) :-- Hine ymb monig snellíc sǽrinc (of Beowulf and his companions), Beo. Th. 1384; B. 690. Sende se sǽrinc (one of the Danes attacking Byrhtnoth) súþerne gár, Byrht. Th. 135, 46; By. 134.
sæ-ríric a reed-bed in the sea (?), an ait; -- Swylce wórie bí ófre sondbeorgum ymbseald sǽrýrica mǽst, swá ðæt wénaþ wǽglíþende ðæt hý on eálond sum eágum wlíten (the reference is to the whale, which mariners mistake for an island), Exon. Th. 360, 24; Wal. 10. [Cf. O. H. Ger. rorahi arundinetum.]
sǽ-róf; adj. Active on the sea, strong in rowing :-- Ðonne sǽrófe snelle mægne árum bregdaþ, Exon. Th. 296, 25; Crä. 56.
sǽ-sceaþa, an; m, A sea-robber, pirate :-- Sǽsceaban piratici, Wrt. Voc. ii. 68, 12.
sǽ-síð a sea-journey, voyage, Beo. Th. 2302; B. 1149.
sǽ-snægl, es; m. A sea-snail :-- Sǽsnǽl chelio, testudo vel marina gagalia, Wrt. Voc. i. 24, 32. Sǽsnæglas conchae vel cochleae, 56, 7: ii. 136, 14.
sǽ-strand, es; m. Sea-shore :-- Sǽstrand litus, Wrt. Voc. i. 80, 59. Swá mænigfealde swá swá sandceosol on sǽstrande, Jos. 11, 4: Wulfst. 198, 22. Beraþ ða stánas tó sǽstrande, Homl. Th. i. 68, 29. [Heo stepen up a sæstrond, Laym. 9235. Icel. sævar-strönd.]
sǽ-streám, es; m. Sea-stream, water of the sea :-- Ðonne sǽstreámas flówaþ elationes maris. Ps. Th. 92, 5. Sǽstreámas sealte, 79, 11: Andr. Kmbl. 391; An. 196: 1497; An. 750. Swearte sǽstreámas. Cd. Th. 80, 9; Gen. 1326. Sǽstreámum neáh, 193, 22; Exod. 250. Ic his swíðran hand settan þence ðæt hé sǽstreámum syððan wealde ponam in mari manum ejus, et in fluminibns dexteram ejus, Ps. Th. 88, 22. Sicilia sǽstreámum in, Met. 1. 15. [He iwende ouer seastreames, Laym. 326. Þu steorest te sea stream þ-bar; hit fleden ne mot fir þan þu markedest, Marh. 9, 34. O. Sax. séo-stróm.]
sǽt e; f. An ambush, a place where one lies in wait :-- Hý sǽtiaþ mín and sittaþ swá gearwe swá seó leó déþ tó ðam ðe hé gefón wyle and swá swá his hwelp byþ gehýd æt ðære sǽte susceperunt me sicut leo paratus ad praedam, et sicut catulus leonis habitans in abditis, Ps. Th. 16, 11. Deórhege heáwan and sǽte haldan to maintain the places from which the deer might be shot (?), L. R. S. 2; Th. i. 432, 15. The Latin version has stabilitatem observare; Leo takes sǽte = hedges, and Schmid translates 'in ordnung erhalten.' [Icel. sát; f. ambush.] v. sǽtian.
sǽta a resident, inhabitant. The form occurs only in compounds, and these are for the most part in the plural. There is also beside the weak -sǽtan a strong -sǽte. v. Dorn- (Dor-), Dún-, Peác-, Sumor-, Wil-sǽte (-sǽtan). Other instances of the suffix are given in Bd. 4, 12; S. 581, 34, where Hrypensis ecclesia is translated Hrypsǽttna cyrice: Hiisétena munecas Hiienses monachi, 5, 22; S. 644, 24: and in Cod. Dip. B. i. 414. It also forms part of common nouns, v. burh-, ende-, land-sǽta: with which may be compared O. L. Ger. land-sétio: O. H. Ger. himil-sázo: Ger. land-safs. See too the compounds of sittend[e].
sǽtan, -sǽte; subst., -sǽte; adj., sæten, Sæter-dæg. v. sǽtian, sǽta, and-sǽte, seten, Sætern-dæg.
sǽtere, es; m. One that lies in wait, one that waylays. I. a robber; latro :-- Þeáf and séttere fur et latro, Jn. Skt. Lind. 10, 1. Þeáfas and sétteras fures et latrones, 10, 8. II. fig. one who acts insidiously; insidiator, seductor :-- Se sǽtere (insidiator), ðæt is se dióful, hé hine spænþ on wóh, Past. 53, 7; Swt. 417, 23. Ðonne cymþ se lytega sǽtere (seductor) tó ðæm sláwan móde, and áteleþ him eall ðæt hé ǽr tó góde gedyde, 65, 2; Swt. 463, 12. Hí sendon séteras (insidiatores) ðætte genómo hine on word, Lk. Skt. Lind. 20, 20. v. sǽt, sǽtian.
Sætern-dæg, Sæternes-, Sæter-, Sæteres-dæg, es; m. Saturday; dies Saturni :-- Sæterndæges rest requies sabbati, Ex. 16, 23. On Sæterndæg, Mk. Skt. 9, 2, Rbe. Sæterndæg (sæter-, MS. A. ), Lk. Skt. 23, 56. Sæterdæg (sæternes-, MS. A. ), 23, 54. Sæternesdæg, Mt. Kmbl. 16, 28, Rbe. : 20, 29, Rbe. On ðone Sæternesdæg, Chr. 1012; Erl. 146, 12: Shrn. 70, 7. Sæternesdæg of Saturno Iovis fæder, Anglia viii. 321, 17. Se seofoþa dæg is se Sæternesdæg, Homl. Th. ii. 206, 6. Æghwylce Sæternesdæge per omne sabbatum, Bd. 2, 3; S. 504, 40. Seternesdæg Sabbatum, Mt. Kmbl. Lind. 12, 8. Sætresdæg (Sæternes-, MS. T. ), R. Ben. 37, 23: 38, 8. On ðæm Sæteresdæge, Blickl. Homl. 71, 30. [Saturnus heo (the forefathers of the English) ʒiven Sætterdæi (Sateresdai, 2nd MS. ), Laym. 13933. Orm. Saterrdaʒʒ. High German and Scandinavian take a different form, but Frisian and Dutch agree with English. v. Grmm. D. M. pp. 114-5; 226-7.]
Sætern-, Sæter-niht, e; f. Friday night, the night between Friday and Saturday :-- His (Christ) líc læg on byrgene ða Sæterniht and Sunnanniht his body lay in the sepulchre on the nights of Friday and Saturday, Homl. Th. i. 216, 27. [R. Glouc. Sater-niʒt.]
sǽ-þeóf, es; m. A sea-thief, a pirate :-- Heáh sǽþeóf archipiratta, Wrt. Voc. ii. 5, 28.
sæþerige, an; f. Savory; satureia hortensis :-- Sæþerian sǽd. Lchdm. ii. 314, 19 : iii. 72, 8. v. saturege.
sǽtian, sǽtan; p. ode To lie in wait for, waylay (with gen. ) :-- Forðam hé hine ne meahte mid openlícum gefeohte ofersuíðan sǽtaþ ðonne diógollíce and sécþ hú hé hine mǽge gefón quia enim publico bello perdidit, ad exercendas occulte insidias exardescit, Past. 33, 7; Swt. 227, 13. Hé sǽtaþ (insidiatur) ðæt hé bereáfige ðone earman. Ps. Th. 9, 30. Se synfulla sǽtaþ ðæs rihtwísan observabit peccator justum, 36, 12. Hý sǽtiaþ mín susceperunt me, 16, 11. Ðú scealt fiersna sǽtan, Cd. Th. 56, 18; Gen. 913. Hú ǽghwelc syn biþ sǽtigende ðæs þióndan monnes quomodo unumquodque peccatum proficientibus insidietur, Past. 21, 5; Swt. 161, 24. Feóndas and sǽtendan sáwle mínre inimici et qui custodiebant animam meam. Ps. Th. 70, 9. Sétendum insidiantibus, Lk. Skt. p. 10, 5. [Icel. sæta to lie in wait for (with dat.): M. H. Ger. sázen.] v. sǽtnian, sǽt, sǽtere.
sætilcas :-- Ne ymbe sciphergas sætilcas ne hérdon ne furþum fira nán ymb gefeoht sprecan, Met. 8, 31. Grein suggests scealcas, cf. næs scealca nán in v. 21; the corresponding prose is :-- Ne gehérde nón mon ðá get nánne sciphere, ne furþon ymbe nán gefeoht sprecan, Bt. 15; Fox 48, 14-16.
sǽtnere, es; m. One who lies in wait. v. sǽtnian, sǽtere; but used in the following case to gloss seditiosus :-- Mid setnerum cum seditiosis, Mk. Skt. Lind. 15, 7. v. sǽtnung.
sǽtnian; p. ode To lie in wait for (with gen. ) :-- Ðá wǽron ðǽr Sarocine gesamnode, ðæt hig sǽtnodan manna, Shrn. 37, 34. v. sǽtian.
sǽtnung, e; f. I. a lying in wait, plot, snare, v. sǽtung :-- Hé hine bæd ðæt hé his líf gescylde wið swá mycles éhteres sǽtningum obsecrans ut vitam suam a tanti persecutoris insidiis tutando servaret, Bd. 2, 12; S. 513, 5. Hé him ða sǽtnunge (insidias) gewearnode ðæs unholdan cyninges, S. 515, 11 : 5, 23; S. 646, 37 note. Sétnungum insidiantes, Lk. Skt. Lind. Rush. 11, 54. II. in the following passages the word glosses seditio. v. sǽtnere :-- On setnuncge (setnong, Lind. ) in seditione, Mk. Skt. Rush. 15, 7. Fore sétnunge propter seditionem. Lk. Skt. Rush. 23, 19, 25.
sǽtung, e; f. A lying in wait, plot, snare :-- Sǽtunge aucupatione, Wrt. Voc. ii. 7, 43. Setunge, 101, 25. Gif him þince ðæt hé feala earna ætsomne geseó, ðæt biþ yfel níð and manna ǽtunga and seara, Lchdm. iii. 168, 11. Ðonne hé foresægþ ða diéglan sǽtenga ðæs lytegan feóndes quando hostis callidi circumspectas et quasi incomprehensibiles insidias praedicit, Past. 21, 5; Swt. 163, 14. Scottas ne sǽtincge ne gestrodu wið Angelþeóde syrwaþ Scotti nil contra gentem Anglorum insidiarum moliuníur oue fraudium, Bd. 5, 23; S. 646, 37.
sǽ-upwoarp what is thrown up on land by the sea, jetsum :-- Ic habbe gegeofen Ælfwine abbod . . . ða sǽupwearp on eallen þingen æt Bramcæstre, Chart. Th. 421, 33.
sǽ-wǽg a wave of the sea :-- Sealte sǽwǽgas, Cd. Th. 240, 9; Dan. 384.
sǽ-wæter, es; n. Sea-water :-- Genim celeþonian seáw and sǽwæter. Lchdm. ii. 28, 12.
sǽ-wang, es; m. The plain by the sea, the shore :-- Gewát se hearda æfter sande sǽwong tredan, wíde waroþas, Beo. Th. 3933; B. 1964.
sǽ-wár sea-weed :-- Sǽwaar alga, Wrt. Voc. i. 31, 35. Cf. waar alga, ii. 99, 29. See E. D. S. Pub. Plant Names. s. v. waur.
sǽ-waroþ the sea-shore :-- Be sǽwaroþe and be æáófrum, Bt. 32, 3; Fox 118, 17 : Met. 19, 21.
sǽ-weall, es; m. I. a sea-wall, a cliff by the sea :-- Higelác wunode sǽwealle neáh, Beo. Th. 3853; B. 1924 : Exon. Th. 471, 15; Rä. 61,1. II. a wall formed by the sea :-- Sǽweall ástáh (cf. Ðæt wæter (of the Red Sea) stód swilce twegen hége weallas, Ex. 14, 22), Cd. Th. 197, 6; Exod. 302.
sǽ-weard sea-ward, keeping watch and ward on the sea-coast; it was a duty that might be required in some cases of the thane and of the 'cotsetla' :-- Of manegum landum máre landriht áríst tó cyniges gebanne . . . sǽweard (the section refers to the 'thegen'), L. R. S. 1; Th. i. 432, 8. Werige his (the 'cotsetla') hláfordes inland, gif him man beóde, æt sǽwearde, 3; Th. i. 432, 28. Cf. the description of Beowulf's landing :-- Ða of wealle geseah weard Scyldinga, se ðe holmclifu healdan scolde, etc., Beo. Th. 463 sqq.
sǽ-weg a sea-way, a path through the sea :-- Sǽfiscas ða faraþ geond ða sǽwegas pisces maris qui perambulant semitas maris. Ps. Th. 8, 8. [Icel. sjó-vegr.]
sǽ-wérig; adj. Weary with being on the sea :-- Sǽwérige slǽp ofereode, Andr. Kmbl. 1651; An. 817: 1723; An. 864. [We beoþ sæ-werie men. Laym. 4619.]
sǽwet, es; n. Sowing :-- Ofer ða tíd ðæs sǽwetes ultra tempus serendi, Bd. 4, 28, tit.; S. 605, 8.
sǽ-wícing, es; m. A viking :-- Randas bǽron sǽwícingas (the tribe of Reuben) ofer sealtne mersc, Cd. Th. 199, 3; Exod. 333.
sǽ-wiht, e; f. A sea-animal :-- Ðeós eorþe is Berende missenlícra fugela and sǽwihta this land is productive of divers fowls and sea-animals (the Latin has insula ... avium ferax terra marique diversi generis), Bd. 1, 1; S. 473, 15.
sǽ-wilm, es; m. A billow :-- Gé him syndon ofer sǽwylmas hider wilcuman, Beo. Th. 792; B. 393.
sǽ-wudu a ship :-- Hí sǽwudu sǽldon they fastened their ship to the shore, Beo. Th. 457; B. 228.
sǽ-ýþ, e; f. A wave of the sea :-- Sǽýþa vel holmas equomaria, Wrt. Voc. ii. 143, 74. Hí sǽýþa swíðe brégaþ. Runic pm. Kmbl. 343, 23; Rún. 21. [O. Sax. séo-úðia.]
safine, an; f. Savine; juniperus savina :-- Sauine. Genim ðás wyrte, ðe man sabinam, and óðrum naman wel ðam gelíc, sauinam háteþ, Lchdm. i. 190, 13 : iii. 16, 8: 58, 20. Safine, 22, 31. Lytel sauinan, 30, 15. Safinan dust, ii. 250, 27. Genim safinan, 100, 10: 294, 24: iii. 44, 5. Safenan, 46, 3 : ii. 312, 11. Sauinan, iii. 38, 26.
saftriende rheumatic :-- Saftriende reumaticus, Wrt. Voc. i. 45, 48. Cf. sæp.
ság (?) :-- Ic heáfod hæbbe and heáne steort, eágan and eáran and ǽnne foot, hrycg and heard nebb, hneccan steápne and sídan twá, ság on middum, eard ofer ældum. Exon. Th. 490, 3; Rä. 79, 5,
saga, an; m. A saw; -- Saga serula, Wrt. Voc. i. 16, 17: serra, 39, 67. v. sagu.
saga, an; m. A saying, story, statement :-- Ðín saga biþ geswutelod, gif ðú ðone sylfan encgel bitst, ðæt hé mínne sunu ansundne árǽre, Homl. Skt. i. 7, 193. v. sagu.
-sagol. v. leas-, sóþ-, unsóþ-, wǽr-sagol.
ságol (v. sowel fustis, Wrt. Voc. i. 94, 22, soþsawel veridicus, 90, 19), es; m. A staff, cudgel, club :-- Ságol oððe stæf fustis, Ælfc. Gr. 9, 28; Som. 11, 44: fustis, Wrt. Voc. i. 84, 28. Ða ságlas (vectes) sticiaþ inn on ðám hringum ða earce mid tó beranne . . . Ðæt is ðonne ðæt mon ða earce bere on ðǽm ságlum, Past. 22, 1; Swt. 171, 5-12. Hié Claudium mid ságlum of beótan, Ors. 2, 6; Swt. 88, 26. Hét ða cwelleras mid stearcum ságlum hine beóton, Homl. Th. i. 424, 32. Mid stíðum ságlum beátaþ, 432, 12: 468, 33. Hét his cwelleras ðone hálgan beátan mid heardum ságlum. Ðá bærst sum ságol intó ánes beáteres eágan, Homl. Skt. i. 4, 142. Mid swurdum and sáhlum cum gladiis et fustibus, Mt. Kmbl. 26, 47, 55. Hé stafas ɫ sáhlas ísenne tóbræc vectes ferreos confregit, Ps. Lamb. 106, 16. [Æk bær an honde ænne saʒel (staf, 2nd MS. ) stronge, Laym. 12280.]
sagu, e; f. A saw:-- Sage serram, Germ. 400, 531. Hé sceal habban æcse, adsan, sage, Anglia ix. 263, 2. [O. H. Ger. saga, sega; f. serra, lima : Icel. sög; f. a saw.] v. saga.
sagu, e; and indecl.? f. I. a saw, say (to say one's say), saying, statement, story, tale :-- Racu, sagu sermo. Hpt. Gl. 433, 12. Nis ðis nán gedwimor ne nán dwollíc sagu. Jud. Thw. p. 159, 27. Ic háte healdan hí óþ ðæt heora sagu áfandod sý. Homl. Th. ii. 484, 3. Teónan ðú wyrcst ús mid ðisse sage haec dicens nobis contumeliam facis, Lk. Skt. II, 45. Sagu dictu (cf. gesægene dictu, 28, 47), Wrt. Voc. ii. 140, 7. Hí sǽdon ðam kinge ðæt hé hæfde swýðe ágylt wið Crist. . . . Ðá læg se king and ásweartode eall mid ðare sage. Chart. Th. 340, 1. Gehýr ðú ðás race ná swilce leáse sagu ac geworden þing audi fabulam, non fabulam sed rem gestam, Ælfc. T. Grn. 16, 12. Geendebrednege ða sago þinga ordinary narrationem rerum, Mt. Kmbl. p. 7, 2, 9. Fabulae synd ða saga ðe menn secgaþ ongeán gecynde, Ælfc. Gr. 50, 29; Zup. 296, 5. Spellenga, sagena sermonum, Hpt. Gl. 505, 77. Ic ðínra bysna ne mæg, worda ne wísna wuht oncnáwan, síðes ne sagona, Cd. Th. 34, 9; Gen. 535. Sagum fabulis, Lk. Skt. p. 2, 10, 11. II. saying, narration, telling, report :-- Se hlísa ðe þurh yldra manna segene (sage, MS. B. ) tó ús becom opinio quae traditione majorum ad nos perlata est, Bd. 2, 1; S. 501, 2. III. statement of a witness, testimony :-- Tó hwí wilnige wé ǽnigre ððre sage quid adhuc egemus testibus, Mt. Kmbl. 26, 65. Ne gehýrst ðú hú fela sagena (quanta testimonia) hig ongén ðé secgeaþ, 27, 13. Hí sóhton leáse saga (falsum testimonium) ongén ðone Hǽlend, 26, 59. IV. a saying beforehand, foretelling :-- Of sage fatidicum, Wrt. Voc. ii. 147, 22. Saga presagia, 67, 46. Sagum praesagminibus, vaticinationibus, divina-tionibus, Hpt. Gl. 448, 64. [Ælc his saʒe sæide, Laym. 26345. Heo wenden þat his sawen (2nd MS. sawes) soðe weren, 749. A. R. saʒe, sawe, sahe: Chauc. Piers P. sawe: O. H. Ger. saga assertio, narratio, sermo, enuntiatio: Icel. saga story, tale.] v. on-, sóþ-sagu; saga.
sál, es; m. : e; f. (?) I. a rope, cord, line, bond :-- Licgaþ mé ymbe írenbendas, rídeþ racentan sál, Cd. Th. 24, 3; Gen. 378. Ðá wæs be mæste segl sále (cf. O. H. Ger. segil-seil rudens) fæst, Beo. Th. 3816; B. 1906. Sálum nexibus, Wrt. Voc. ii. 60, 74. II. a rein :-- Sálas [h] abenas, 4, 58 : 6, 22. Sálum ɫ gewealdleþerum habenis, 42, 60. III. the loop which forms the handle of a vessel (?) :-- Sál ansa (cf. hringe ansa, 284, 7, and see nostle. The word occurs under the heading nomina vasorum), Wrt. Voc. i. 25, 11. IV. the fastening of a door :-- Repagulum sál[-panra?], Wrt. Voc. i. 16, 3. Sále repagula, ii. 119, 4. V. a necklace, collar :-- Sweorcláþ vel [sweor]tég vel [sweor?]sál collarium, 134, 49. Sále collario, 18, 17. Saule callario (saale collario), 78, 71. [Soole, beestys teyynge ligaculum; restis a sole to tie beasts, Prompt. Parv. 463. Hi drayeþ myd such sol, Misc. 51, 162. O. H. Ger. seil; n. funis, rudens, lorum, habena, restis: Icel. seil; f. a line.]
sala, an; m. A sale :-- Ceáp distractio, sala venditio, Wrt. Voc. i. 55, 55. [O. H. Ger. sala; f. traditio: Icel. sala; f. a sale.]
salfige, an; f. Sage :-- Saluige salvia, Wrt. Voc. i. 79, 49. Salfige, Lchdm. iii. 22, 31, Saluie. Genim ðás wyrte ðe man saluian nemneþ. . . . Genim ðás ylcan wyrte salfian, i. 218, 6-11. Saluian sǽd, iii. 72, 7: ii. 358, 18. Nim saltian, iii. 48, 3. Wyl sealuian, 44, 17. [O. H. Ger. salbeia, salveia: Ger. salbei. From Latin.]
sallettan to play on the harp, sing to the harp, sing psalms :-- Singaþ him and salletaþ cantate ei el psallite ei, Ps. Th. 104, 2.
salness, e; f. Darkness, duskiness :-- Conticinium, ðæt ys swítíma oððe salnyssa tíma, Anglia viii. 319, 29. v. salu.
salor a hall, palace :-- Eów ðeós cwén laðaþ tó salore (cf. tó hofe, 1111; El. 557), Elen. Kmbl. 1100; El. 552 : 764; El. 382. v. sæl, sele.
salo, salowig, salpanra, salt, salt-haga. v. salu, saluwig, sál IV, sealt, sæltna.
saltere, es; m. I. a stringed musical instrument, a psaltery :-- Saltere sambucus, Wrt. Voc. i. 289, 26 : psalterium, Ps. Spl. 80, 2 : 107, 2. On saltere syngaþ him in psalterio psallite illi, 32, 2 : 91, 3 : 143, 11 : 150, 3. Cimbalan oððe psalteras oððe strengas ætrínan. Lchdm. iii. 202, 14. IIa. the book of Psalms :-- Se saltere ys án bóc, ðe hé (David) gesette þurh God betwux óðrum bócum on ðære bibliothecan, Ælfc. T. Grn. 7, 26. IIb. a psalter, a service-book containing the book of Psalms divided into certain portions for Matins, and the Hours, so as to be gone through in the course of the week :-- Hé (the mass-priest) sceal habban ða wǽpna tó ðam gástlícum weorce . . . ðæt synd ða hálgan béc, saltere and pistolbóc, godspellbóc and mæssebóc, L. Ælf. C. 21; Th. ii. 350, 12 : L. Ælfc. P. 44; Th. ii. 384, 1. ii. salteras and se þridda[n] saltere swá man singþ on Róme, Chart. Th. 430, 11. ¶ Saltere singan to sing psalms taken from the psalter :-- Hé gehát gehét. . . ðæt hé ǽghwylce dæge ealne saltere ásunge vovit votum quia quotidie psalterium totum decantaret, Bd. 3, 27; S. 599, 11. Hé ásong ǽlce dæge tuwa his saltere and his mæssan, Shrn. 134, 17. Singe eal geférrǽden ætgædere heora saltere ða þrý dagas. Wulfst. 181, 21. Æ-acute;lc bróður singe twegen salteras sealma . . . vi. mæssan oððe . vi. salteras sealma each brother shall sing two portions of psalms from the psalter. Chart. Th. 614, 7, 11. [O. H. Ger. saltari, psaltari psalterium; salzara sambucus: Icel. saltari a psalm-book.]
saltian; p. ode To dance :-- Gé ne saltudun (sealtedon, MS. A. ) non saltastis, Lk. Skt. 7, 32. [O. H. Ger. salzón. From Latin.]
salu; adj. Dusky, dark :-- Ic sylfa [eom] salo, Exon. Th. 489, 21; Rä. 48, 11. [O. H. Ger. salo fuscus, furnus, ater, niger: Icel. sölr yellow.] v. following words.
salu-brún; adj. Dark-brown :-- Hrefn sweart and sealobrún, Fins. Th. 70; Fin. 35.
salu-neb; adj. Dark-faced :-- Se wonna þegn, sweart and saloneb, Exon. Th. 433, 9; Rä. 50, 9.
salu-pád; adj. Dark-coated :-- Ða sind blace swíde, swearte, salopáde, Exon. Th. 439, i; Rä. 58, 3. Cf. saluwig-päd.
saluwig-feðera; adj. Of dusky plumage :-- [Hrefn] salwigfeðera, Cd. Th. 87, 13; Gen. 1448.
saluwig-pád i adj. Dark-coated, having dark plumage :-- Hrefn sal-wigpád, Exon. Th. 329, 20; Vy. 37. Earn salowigpáda, Judth. 24, 28; Jud. 211. Létan hrǽ bryttian saluwigpádan ðone sweartan hræfn, Chr. 937; Erl. 115, 10.
sál-wang, sal-warp, v. sǽl-wang, sealt-wearp.
salwian to make dark, to blacken :-- Heó (the dove) nolde ǽfre under salwed bord (in the ark, which was dark-coloured from the pitch that had been smeared over it) syððan ætýwan, Cd. Th. 89, 15; Gen. 1481. [Cf. O. H. Ger. gi-salwian decolorare; salwet obscuratum; salawi fuscatio. v. Grff. vi. 183.] v. salu.
sam; conj. Whether, or (cf. swá. . . swá= whether . . . or) :-- Sara hi þyrfon, sam hí ne þurfon, hí willaþ ðeáh. Bt. 26, 2; Fox 92, 29. Sam wé willan, sam wé nyllan, 34, 12; Fox 154, 7: 40, 1; Fox 234, 34. Hý gedóþ ðæt ǽgðer fætels biþ oferfroren sam hit sý sumor, sam winter, Ors. 1. 1; Swt. 21, 17. Sam hý fæsten sam hý ne fæsten omni tempore siue jejunii siue prandii, R. Ben. 66, 14. Sam hé hine miclum lufige, sam hé hine lytlum lufige, sam hé hine mydlinga lufige. Shrn. 194, 13. Wið wunda som hý sýn of íserne, som hý sýn of stence, oððe fram nædran, Lchdm. i. 166, 9. [Sam. . . sam whether. . . or, O. E. Homl. ii. 107, 8.]
sam- as a prefix denotes agreement, combination, v. sam-mǽle, -rád, -winnende, -wist. [T cel. sam-.]
sám- half-; the prefix denotes imperfection. Cf. sǽmra. [O. Sax. sám-: O. H. Ger. sámi-: Lat. semi-: Gk. GREEK .]
Samaringas, Samaritane, Samaritanisce; pl. The Samaritans :-- Innan Samaritana ceastre (in burgum ðæra Samaritanesca, Lind.; in cæstra Samaringa, Rush. ) in civitates Samaritanorum, Mt. Kmbl. 10, 5. Tó Samaritaniscum, Jn. Skt. Rush. Lind. 4, 9. v. next word.
Samaritanisc; adj. Samaritan, of Samaria :-- Ðá férde sum Samaritanisc man wið hine, Lk. Skt. 10, 33. Ðes wæs Samaritanisc, 17, 16: Jn. Skt. 8, 48. Ðá cwæþ ðæt Samaritanisce wíf. . . . 'Ic eom Samaritanisc wíf; ne brúcaþ Judéas and Samaritanisce metes ætgædere,' Jn. Skt. 4, 9. [O. H. Ger. Samaritanisc.]
sám-bærned; adj. Half-burnt :-- Sámbærnd semiustus, Hpt. Gl. 508, 56.
sám-boren; adj. Born out of due time :-- Sámboren abortus. Wrt. Voc. ii. 10, 6. Cf. ful-boren.
sám-bryce a violation only partially effected :-- Tó hádbðte, ðár sámbryce wurðe, béte man georne be ðam ðe seó dǽd sý, L. E. B. 9; Th. ii. 242, 9. The term is in contrast with ful-bryce in the preceding sections, v. sám-wyrcan.
sám-cwic, -cucu; adj. Half-dead :-- Sum mǽden hé gehǽlde, ðæt ðe læg on legerbedde seóc, sámcucu geþúht, Homl. Th. ii. 510, 25. Hé sámcucu læg, Homl. Skt. i. 6, 164: L. Ælfc. C. 31; Th. ii. 354, 10. Hé (Anthony) bebeád ðæt hiene mon on ða ilcan byrgenne tó hiere (Cleopatra) swá sómcucre álegde. Ors. 5, 13; Swt. 246, 31. Hí forléton hine sámcucene semiuiuo relicto, Lk. Skt. 10, 30. Sum móder bær hire sámcuce cild. Homl. Th. ii. 150, 16. [O. Sax. sám-quik: O. H. Ger. sámi-quek.]
same (always in combination with swá); adv. Similarly, in the same way. (l) Swá same :-- And eft Lǽdenware swá same wendon ealla on hiora ágen geþeóde and again the Romans in the same way translated all into their own language, Past. pref.; Swt. 6, 3. Ðeós wyrt is swýðe scearpnumul wunda tó gehǽlenne, swá ðæt ða wunda hrædlíce tógædere gáþ; and eác swá some hió gedéþ ðæt flǽsc tógædere clifaþ. Lchdm. i. 134, 12: Elen. Kmbl. 2553; El. 1278. Ðæt hié lufan Dryhtnes and sybbe swá same sylfra betweónum gelǽston, 2411; El. 1207: 2565; El. 1284. On Adame and on his eafrum swá some, Cd. Th. 25, 24; Gen. 399. Is ðæt fýr swá same on ðam wætre and on stánum eác. Met. 20, 150 : 24, 33. Deór efne swá some faraþ, Exon. Th. 358, 30; Pa. 53. (2) Swá same swá :-- Hú ne forealldodon ða gewritu swá some swá ða wríteras dydon, Bt. 18, 3; Fox 66, 1. Twá ðara gecyndu habbaþ nétenu swá same swá men, 33, 4; Fox 132, 5. Ðǽr wífmenn feohtaþ swá same swá wǽpnedmen. Ors. 2, 4; Swt. 76, 27. [O. Sax. só sama, só sama só: O. H. Ger. sama. só sama, só sama só.]
samen; adv. Together :-- Ginrnan tuoege somen (simul), Jn. Skt. Rush. 20, 4. Wérun somen Simon Petrus and Didimus, 21, 2, [Baþe samenn. Orm. 377; Sitte samen, R. Brun. Goth. samana: O. Sax. saman: O. Frs. samin, semin: O. L. Ger. samen, samon: O. H. Ger. saman simul: Icel. saman.]
sám-gréne; adj. Half-green, backward (of a plant) :-- Spelt sámgréne far serotina, Wrt. Voc. ii. 36, 41.
sám-hál; adj. Not in perfect health, weak :-- Nú ne beóþ náht fela manna ætsamne, ðæt heora sum ne sí seóc and sámhál, Wulfst. 273, 10. [O. H. Ger. sámi-hail debilis.]
sam-heort; adj. Of one heart, of the same disposition; concors :-- Singaþ samheorte sangas Dryhtne, Ps. Th. 149, 1.
sam-híwan; pl. Members of the same household or family :-- Samhíwna yrfebéc jus liberorum, Wrt. Voc. i. 20, 46. Somhíwena yrfebéc, ii. 49, 14.
sam-hwilc; pron. Some :-- Þeówne . lx. Somhwelcne fíftegum (mid fíftig, MSS. B. H. ) the 'wer' for the 'þeów' is 60 shillings. For one kind it is 50 (?), L. In. 23; Th. i. 118, 4. Swá hwæt swá ús God sylle máre ðonne wé néde brúcan sceolan . . ., ne sylþ hé hit ús tó ðon ðæt wé hit hýdon, oððe tó gylpe syllan samhwylcum mannum ðe náht swíðe God ne lufiaþ, Blickl. Homl. 53, 17. Cf. swá hwilc.
sám-lǽred; adj. Imperfectly taught :-- Wé lǽraþ ðæt ǽnig gelǽred preóst ne scænde ðone sámlǽredan, ac gebéte hine gif hé bet cunne, L. Edg. C. 12; Th. ii. 246, 19. Hieronimus ádwæscte ða dwollícan gesetnysse ðe sámlǽrede men sǽdon be hire forþsíðe. Homl. Th. ii. 438, 6. Barbarismus and solocismus bécumaþ of ðam sámlǽredum leáslíce geclypode oððe áwritene, Ælfc. Gr. 50, 22; Som. 51, 52.
sam-mǽle; adj. Agreed, come to an agreement :-- Gif hý ðonne ǽlces þinges sammǽle beón if they then be agreed in everything, L. Edm. B. 6; Th. i. 254, 19. Ðæt dóm stande ðár þegenas sammǽle beón, L. Eth. iii. 13; Th. i. 298, 3. Hér swutelaþ on ðisum gewrite hú Wulfríc and Ealdréd wǽron sammaele ymbe dæt land at Clife, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. ii. 300, 5. Dene and Engle wurdon sammǽle set Oxnaforda, Chr. 1018; Erl. 161, 16. [Cf. Icel. sam-mæli an agreement; sam-mælask á eitt to agree in a thing.] Cf. mǽlan, mǽl.
sám-milt, -melt; adj. Half-digested :-- Se geþigeda mete hefegaþ ðone magan, and hé ðone sámmeltan (the half-digested food) þurh ða wambe út sent, Lchdm. ii. 186, 22. v. miltan.
samnian; p. ode. I. v. trans. (l) to collect, assemble, bring together, gather :-- Ða swétestan somnaþ and gædraþ wyrta wynsume and wudubléda colligit succos et odores divite silva, Exon. Th. 211, 6; Ph. 193. Somnas his huǽte congregabit triticum suum, Mt. Kmbl. Lind. 3, 12. Nát hwam hit gaderaþ ɫ somnaj ða, Ps. Spl. 38, 10. Hé ðyder folc samnode, Cd. Th. 230, 5; Dan. 228. Hié here samnodon, Andr. Kmbl. 2250; An. 1126. Wé somnadon ɫ geadredon ða colligimus ea, Mt. Kmbl. Lind. 13, 28. Sommas (somnigas, Rush. ) ða ðe hiá gelǽfdon. Jn. Skt. Lind. 6, 12. Swylce man fyrde trymme and samnige. Blickl. Homl. 91, 32. Fyrde somnian, Chr. 1016; Erl. 154, 2. Folc somnigean. Cd. Th. 191, 19; Exod. 217. (2) to draw together, join, unite :-- Ðonne samnaþ hió ða wunde and hǽlþ, Lchdm. ii. 22, 11. (3) to get materials together for a poem to compose :-- Ic ðysne sang fand samnode wíde I was author of this poem, gathered its matter far and wide, Apstls. Kmbl. 4; Ap. 2. Ne wéne ðæs ǽnig ælda cynnes, ðæt ic lygewordum leóþ somnige (that I compose my lay of lying words), wríte wóðcræfte, Exon. Th. 234, 29; Ph. 547. II. intrans.(1) to collect, assemble, come together :-- Sellendum ðé him hí somniaþ dante te illis, colligent. Ps. Spl. 103, 29. Somnode conglobatur, Wrt. Voc. ii. 19, 34: 91, 20. Duguþ samnade. Andr. Kmbl. 250; An. 125. Mægen samnode, Elen. Kmbl. 110; El. 55: 120; El. 60. Hí gederedon ɫ somnodon tógeánes mé convenirent adversum me. Ps. Spl. 30, 17. (2) to draw together, join, unite :-- Ðá weóxon ða fýr swýðe and hí tógædere þeóddon and samnedon óþ ðæt ðe hí wǽron on ǽnne unmǽtne lége geánede and gesomnade crescentes vero ignes usque ad invicem sese extenderunt, atque in inmensam adunati sunt flammam, Bd. 3, 19; S. 548, 21. (3) to glean :-- Hé mid his sceáfe ne mæg sceát áfyllan ðeáh ðe hé samnige swíðe georne non implevit sinum suum qui manipulos colligit, Ps. Th. 128, 5. [Laym. somnien, sumnien : Orm. sammnenn: O. Sax. samnón : O. Frs. samena, somnia: O. H. Ger. samanón: Icel. samna.] v. ge-samnian.
samnung, e; f. An assembly, council :-- Somnung synagoga, Mk. Skt. Lind. Rush. 1, 23: Lk. Skt. Lind. Rush. 4, 15, 16 : concilium, Mk. Skt. Lind. Rush. 14, 55: Lind. 15, 1: Mt. Kmbl. Lind. 26, 59: congregatio, Rtl. 173, 3. v. ge-samnung.
samnunga, sæmninga, semninga; adv. All at once, on a sudden, suddenly, forthwith, immediately; continuo, subito, repente :-- And ðá hig ðæt sprǽcon samninga (samnunga, MSS. A. B. ) se hana creów et continuo athuc illo loquente cantauit gallus, Lk. Skt. 22, 60. Hí hine samnuncga (subito) scearpum strélum on scotiaþ. Ps. Th. 63, 4. Ðá ásceán samninga mycel leóht, Blickl. Homl. 145, 12. Somnunga, 239, 31. Hié sume somnunga sweltaþ, Lchdm. ii. 176, 9. Sæmninga, Blickl. Homl. 141, 27. Ðis is feáwra manna dǽd, ðæt hí ealle eorþlíce þing sæmninga forlǽtan mágon, Homl. Th. ii. 398, 33. Hí semninga sneóme forwurdon subito defecerunt et perierunt, Ps. Th. 72, 15 : Bd. 1, 7; S. 477, 1. Ðá ástód hé semninga exsurrexit repente, 2, 9; S. 511, 20. Ðá geseah hé semninga (subito) mon wið his gangan, 2, 12; S. 513, 34. Hit semninga (subito) on ús rǽsde, Nar. 15, 19, 11. Ðá cómon semninga twegen englas. Blickl. Homl. 221, 27: Exon. Th. 257, 5; Jul. 242: Beo. Th. 3284; B. 1640. Óþ dæt semninga sunu Healfdenes sécean wolde ǽfenreste, 1293; 6. 644. Hé (the whale) semninga on sealtne wǽg niþer gewíteþ. Exon. Th. 361, 29; Wal. 27. Ðá wæs semninga geworden mycel þunorrád, Blickl. Homl. 145, 28: Exon. Th. 31, 5; Cri. 491. Mec semninga slǽp ofergongeþ, 422, 22; Rä. 41, 10 : Andr. Kmbl. 927; An. 464: 1639; An. 821.
samnung-cwide, es; m. A collect :-- Somnungcwido collecta, Rtl. 2, 1.
samod; adv. Together. I. marking association in joint action :-- Ealle hí áhyldon samod onnitte gewordene sint omnes declinaverunt, simul inutiles facti sunt, Ps. Spl. 13, 4. Ða unrihtwísan forweorðaþ samod (simul), 36, 40. Cumaþ út samod Ilfing and Wisle (the two rivers have a common channel), Ors. 1, 1; Swt. 20, 10. Stód his handgeweorc (Adam and Eve) somod on sande, nyston sorga wiht tó begnornianne, Cd. Th. 16, 12; Gen. 242. Ne beóþ wé leng somed, 168, 20; Gen. 2785. Somod eardedon Meotudes bearn and se monnes sunu. Exon. Th. 8, 30; Cri. 125. Tó gebede feóllon sinhíwan somed, Cd. Th. 48, 19; Gen. 778. Samed síþian. Exon. Th. 434, 17; Rä. 52, 2. Ia. of mutual or reciprocal action :-- Hié fela sprǽcon sorhworda somed, Cd. Th. 49, 8; Gen. 789. Cf. samod-geflit. Ib. marking union or junction, v. samod-cumende. II. with numerals or with eall :-- Him wæs bám samod lond gecynde, Beo. Th. 4399; B. 2196. Ðendan bú somod, líc and sáwle, lifgan móte, Exon. Th. 81, 20; Cri. 1326. Þreó tácen somod, 76, 7; Cri. 1236. Seofon winter samod seven years in unbroken succession, Cd. Th. 256, 11; Dan. 639. Ic eów bidde ðæt gé mé secgan hwylce gemete gé cóman ealle samod tó mé, Blickl. Homl. 143, 20. Hé eal innan samod forswǽled wæs within he was one mass of inflammation, Homl. Th. i. 86, 5. III. marking association of similar objects or circumstances, with nearly the force of and, both . . . and, also, too :-- Somod jamque, Wrt. Voc. ii. 45, 31. Weras wíf samod men and women, Andr. Kmbl. 3330; An. 1668. Weras, heora wíf somed, Cd. Th. 146, 7; Gen. 2418. Hé ðone healsbeáh gesealde, þrió wicg somod, Beo. Th. 4355; B. 2174. Ðú geworhtest heofon and eorþan, sǽs sídne fæðm, samod ealle gesceaft, Elen. Kmbl. 1455; El. 729. Ongan his feax teran and his hrægl somod, Judth. Thw. 25, 28; Jud. 282. Somod for his hǽlo ðæs cyninges and ðære þeóde ðe hé fore wæs pro salute illius, simul et gentis cui praeerat, Bd. 2, 12; S. 512, 29. Niht somod and dæg, Cd. Th. 239, 25; Dan. 375. Swylce ic his willan wylle sécean, samed (also, likewise, at the same time) andettan . . ., Ps. Th. 110, 2. Ðú ðínra bearna bearn sceáwige; geseó samed gangan sibb ofer Israhél, 127, 7: Exon. Th. 69, 16; Cri. 1122. IV. in combination with ætgædere, mid :-- Sende mihtig God his milde gehigd and his sóðfæst mód samod ætgædere. Ps. Th. 56, 4: 88, 21. Ðǽr wæs sang and swég samod ætgedere, Beo. Th. 2131; B. 1063. Gáras stódon samod ætgædere, 662; B. 329. Ðú ðe samod mid mé swéte gripe metas qui simul mecum dulces capiebas cibos, 'Ps. Spl. 54, 15. Graton samod mid ðám cnihtum feóll tó Johannes fótum, Homl. Th. i. 62, 17. Cwom samod mid ðám swylce Assur etenim Assur simul venit cum illis, Ps. Th. 82. 7. Ða ðe someð mið hine ástigun quae simul cum eo ascenderant, Mk. Skt. Rush. 15, 41. Hé gesette ðone mónan fulne on eástdǽle mid scínendum steorrum samod, Lchdm. iii. 238, 28. IV a. with anlíce:--Hí me ymbsealdon samod anlíce swá beón circumdederunt me sicut apes, Ps. Th. 117, 12: 142, 4: 147, 5. Samod anlíce . . . swá swá sicut, 123, 6. Samod anlícast swá velut, 78, 2: ut, 91, 11: sicut, 127, 4. V. translating the prefix con- in Latin words:--Ic samod awende converto, Ælfc. Gr. 37; Som. 39, 14. Ic samod cume convenio, Som. 39, 5. Ic samod fealde complico, 24; Som. 25, 52. Ic samod fealle concido, 28; Som. 32, 62. Ic samod fleó confugio, Som. 32, 49. Ic samod wurpe conicio, Som. 32, 40. Somud mengaþ wé comminiscimur, Wrt. Voc. ii. 18, 7. Somod geþwǽrende concordantes, 24, 8. [Laym. A. R. somed: Goth. samath : O. Sax. samad, samod.] v. next word.
samod; prep, with dat. With, at :-- Samod ǽrdæge (with the coming of the dawn) eode æþele cempa self mid gesíðum, Beo. Th. 2627; B. 1311. Frófor eft gelamp sárigmódum somod ǽrdæge with day came comfort to the sadhearted, 5877; B. 2942. Cf. mid ǽrdæge.
samod-cumende flocking together :-- Samadcumendum folcum populis confluentibus, Hpt. Gl. 455, 71: 518, 45.
samode (?):--Tala . . . swylce ic nǽfre on eallum ðám fyrngewritum findan ne mihte sóðe samode [samnode (?) collected or (?) composed, v. samnian, I. 3. Or cf. (?) Icel. semja (kvǽði, bók) to compose (a poem, boot)], Salm. Kmbl. 17; Sal. 9.
samod-eard, es; m. A common country :-- Git (Guthlac and his sister) á mósten in ðam écan gefeán mid ða sibgedryht somudeard niman, Exon. Th. 184, 19; Gú. 1346.
samod-fæst; adj. Fast joined together :-- Sceal onettan, se ðe ágan wile líf æt Meotude, ðenden him leóht and gǽst somodfæst seón, Exon. Th. 96, 28; Cri. 1581.
samod-geflit, es; n. Strife, conflict :-- Somodgeflit concertatio, Wrt. Voc. ii. 24, 18.
samod-gesíþ, es; m. A companion, comrade :-- Samodgesíþ coheres, Germ. 400, 575.
samod-herung, e; f. A praising :-- Samodhering conlaudatio, Blickl. Gl.
[samodlíce; adv. Together, unitedly in a body :-- Iedon ealle samodlíe tó ðone kyng, Chr. 1123; Erl. 250, 10.]
samod-rynelas; pl. translates the technical term concurrentes:-- Ða concurrentes synt samodrynelas genemned, Anglia viii. 302, 10.
samod-swégende translates the Latin consonantes:--Ða óðre stafas syndon gehátene consonantes, ðæt is, samodswégende, forðan ðe hí swégaþ mid ðám fíf clypiendlícum, Ælfc. Gr. 2; Som. 2, 49.
samod-þyrlíc; adj. Concordant :-- Somodðyrlíce concordi, Wrt. Voc. ii. 22, 13. Cf. (?) ge-þweran.
samod-willung, e; f. A boiling together, condensing :-- Somodwellunge concretione. Wrt. Voc. ii. 23, 19.
samod-wunung, e, f. A living together :-- Him is tó forbeódenne ǽghwilc gemána . . ge ǽt, ge drinc, ge samodwunung on húsum, L. E. I. 26; Th. ii. 422, 31.
samod-wyrcende co-operating :-- Somodwyrcendum cooperante, Wrt. Voc. ii. 24, 76.
sam-rád; adj. Harmonious, united :-- Se cræftga geférscipas fæste gesamnaþ ðæt hí hiora freóndscipe forþ on symbel untweófealde treówa gehealdaþ sibbe samráde the mighty one unites societies firmly, so that for ever they continue to maintain their friendship, faith sincere, peace unbroken, Met. 11, 96. Cf. ge-rád.
sámran, Bt. 33, 1; Fox 120, 12. v. sǽmra.
sám-soden; adj. Half-cooked :-- Gif man áwiht blódiges þicge on healfsodenum (sámsodenum, MSS. X. Y.) mete si quis cruentum quid comederit in semicocto cibo, L. Ecg. C. 40; Th. ii. 166, 2.
sám-swǽled; adj. Half-burnt :-- Sámswǽlede semiustos, sámswǽled semiustus, Hpt. Gl. 508, 55-57.
sam-tinges (sæm-, sem-); adv. In close connection (as regards time), immediately, forthwith, continuo:--Meahtest ðé full recen on ðæm rodere upan siððan weorþan, and ðonne samtenges æt ðæm ælcealdan steorran, Met. 24, 18. Swá hraðe swá ðæt wolcn styrode, swá síðode samtinges eal seó fyrd after ðám wolcne, Homl. Th. ii. 196, 11. Ðá nolde hé hí sæmtinges ácwellan ac lét him fyrst he would not kill them immediately, but allowed them time, 424, 14. Ðá áwurpon ða hǽðenan sóna heora gedwyld, and tó heora Scyppende sæmtinges gebugon, 510, 3: 230, 18. Ðæt man hí ofslóge sæmtinges ealle, Anglia ix. 32, 165. Snáw cymþ of ðám þynnum wǽtan ðe byþ gefroren ǽr ðan hé tó dropum geurnen sý, and swá semtinges (sæm-, MS. P.) fylþ, Lchdm. iii. 278, 25. [Cf. Icel. sam-tengja to join, consent; sam-tenging a connection.] v. tengan, ge-tenge.
sam-winnende struggling together :-- Ða samwinnendan conluctantia, depugnantia, Wrt. Voc. ii. 134, 62. [Cf. Icel. sam-vinnandi working together.]
sám-wís; adj. Dull, foolish :-- Wénaþ sámwíse (cf. ða dysegan men, Bt. 32, 3; Fox 118, 22) ðæt hí on ðís lǽnan mǽgen lífe findan sóþa gesǽlþa. Met. 19, 34. Ða sámwísan (hebetes) sint tó manianne ðæt hié wilnien tó wiotonne ðæt ðæt hié nyton, Past. 30, l; Swt. 201, 7. Cf. med-wís.
sam-wist, e; f. A living together, cohabitation, matrimony :-- Samwist jugalitas, Hpt. Gl. 438, 63. Samwiste matrimonii, 481, 36: copulae, connubii, 485, 57: copulae, 508, 75. Samwiste contubernium, 511, 76. Ne ceara ðú (Hagar) fleáme dǽlan somwist incre, Cd. Th. 137, 27; Gen. 2280. Þeáh his líc and gǽst hyra somwiste, sinhíwan tú, gedǽled (-de?), Exon. Th. 160, 9; Gú. 941. Somwist, 172, 28; Gú. 1150. Samwista contubernia, Hpt. Gl. 416, 27: 520, 54. [O. H. Ger. samwist: Icel. sam-vist.]
sam-wrǽdness, e; f. Combination, union :-- Eall ðæt ðætte ánnesse hæfþ þæt wé secgaþ ðætte síe ða hwíle ðe hit ætsomne biþ and ða samwrǽdnesse wé hátaþ gód everything that has unity, that, we say, exists, while it maintains its unity, and the union of its parts we call good; omne, quod est, unum esse, ipsumque unum bonum esse didicisti,Bt. 37, 3; Fox 190, 23. Cf. wrǽd, wrǽd-mǽlum.
sám-wyrcan to do a thing incompletely :-- Gif hwá on fyrde griðbryce fulwyrce . . . Gif hé sámwyrce . . ., L. C. S. 62; Th. i. 408, 23. [Cf. sám-bryce.] Fæsten wæs sámworht the fort was not finished, Chr. 892; Erl. 88, 34. Stántorr (the tower of Babel) sámworht stód, Cd. Th. 102, 16; Gen. 1701.
sanct, es; m. A saint :-- Hé wæs on lífe eorþlíc cing, hé is nú æfter deáþe heofonlíc sanct, Chr. 979; Erl. 129, 10. Ða mynstermenn noldon ðone sanct underfón. Swt. A. S. Rdr. 100, 149. Hé gesóhte ðone sanct, Glostr. Frag. 6, 8: 8, 10. Ðǽr habbaþ englas eádigne dreám, sanctas singaþ. Cd. Th. 286, 20; Sat. 355: 279, 18; Sat. 240. Ðý ylcan dæge ealra wé healdaþ sancta symbel, Menol. Fox 367; Men. 200. The Latin forms sanctus, sancta (also sancte) are used before proper names :-- Sanctus Johannes, se mon Sancte Johannes, Sanctus Johannes líf, Blickl. Homl. 163. Sancta Maria, 5, 30. Sancta Marian (gen.), 165, 27.
sand, es; m. [? or should the passages that follow be put under sand; f.? cf. the later application of witness to a person] A messenger, envoy :-- Ðá wæs Lýfing ƀ mid ðám kincge . . . Ðá com Xp̃es cyrc̃ sand tó ðám ƀ and hé forð (fór ?) ðá tó ðám kincge bishop Lyfing was then with the king. . . Then came a messenger (or message? ) from Christchurch to the bishop, and he (the bishop) went then to the king, Chart. Th. 339, 26. Dæg byþ Drihtnes sond deóre mannum mǽre Metodes leóht day is the Lord's messenger (or message?) dear to men, God's glorious light, Runic pm. Kmbl. 344, 9; Rún. 24. On ðís ylcan geáre com ðæs Pápan sande (sand?) hider tó lande; ðæt wæs Waltear bisceop in the same year came the Pope's legate to this country; that was bishop Walter, Chr. 1095; Erl. 232, 28. [Here sandes feórden betwyx heom and hí togædere cómen and wurðe sæhte their envoys went between them, and they came together and were reconciled, 1135; Erl. 261, 20. Sonden commen betwenen ðe soðe word me seiden, Laym. 4651. Euericb wo is Godes sonde. Heie monnes messager, me schal heiliche underuongen, A. R. 190, 15. In alle our neoden sendeð þeos sonden (prayers) touward heouene, 246, 22.]
sand, e; f. I. a sending, mission, message :-- Paulus cwæð: 'Ðá ðá ðæra tída gefyllednys com, ðá sende God Fæder his sunu tó mancynnes álýsednysse.' Seó wurðfulle sand wearð on ðisum dæge gefylled, Homl. Th. i. 194, 17. Gregorius is rihtlíce Engliscre þeóde apostol, forðan ðe hé þurh his rǽd and sande ús fram deófles biggengum ætbrǽd, ii. 116, 28. Nú com ic tó eów þurh ðæs Almihtigan sande, 296, 20. Ðes ylca apostol becom þurh Godes sande tó Ethiopian, 472, 11. [Laym. sande, sonde a message; sondes mon a messenger: Orm. sanderr-man: sander-men, Chr. 1135; Erl. 249, 28: C. M. sandir-men: sander-bodes, O. E. Homl. ii. 89, 22: Prompt. Parv. sond or sendynge missio: sond or ʒyfte sent eccenium: O. H. Ger. -santa, santi- missio, Grff. vi. 239.] v. on-sand. II. a mess (from Latin mitto), a dish of food, victuals :-- Wista vel sand dapes vel fercula. Wrt. Voc. i. 26, 63. Sand daps, 82, 64: Ælfc. Gr. 9, 54; Som. 13, 20. Godes engel cwæð: 'Abacuc, bær ðone mete tó Babilone' . . . Ðá clypode se Abacuc: 'Ðú Godes þeówa, nim ðás lác ðe ðé God sende'. . . And hé ðá ðære sande breáe, Homl. Th. i. 572, 8. Ðá genemnode se hálga wer ðæt wíf ðe hí gelaðode, and ða sanda tealde ðe heó him gebær, ii. 168, 5. Sanda obsonia, Germ. 394, 297. Sandae, sondae commeatos, Txts. 46, 188. Sanda ferculorum, epularum, Hpt. Gl. 444, 57. [Of everilc sonde . . . most and best he gaf Benjamin, Gen. and Ex. 2295.] v. preceding word.
sand, es; n. I. sand, gravel :-- Sand glarea, glitis, vel samia, Wrt. Voc. i. 22, 8: arena, 37, 32. Sande sablo, ii. 89, 36. Hé behídde hyne on ðám sande (sabulo), Ex. 2, 12. Sume men secgen ðæt seó eá síe eást irnende on ðæt sond, and ðonne besince eft on ðæt sand, and ðǽr néh síe eft flówende up of ðám sande, Ors. 1. 1; Swt. 12, 20-23. Ða tódǽlaþ ðæt wæsmbǽre land and ðæt deádwylle sand ðe syððan líþ súþ on ðone gársecg qui dividit inter vivam terram et arenas jacentes usque ad oceanum, Swt. 26, 19. II. sand by the sea, sands, sea-shore :-- Sand sǽ arena maris, Ps. Spl. 77, 31. Sǽfaroþa sand. Cd. Th. 236, 18; Dan. 323. On sande on the shore of the Red Sea, 315, 5; Excd. 302. Nacan on sande, Beo. Th. 596; B. 295: 3796; B. 1896. Gewát him se hearda æfter sande sǽwong tredan, 3932; B. 1964. Ic wæs be sande sǽwealle neáh, Exon. Th. 471, 14; Rä. 61, 1. Swá swá hradu ýst windes scip tóbrycþ on ðám sandum neáh ðære byrig ðe Tarsit hátte, Ps. Th. 47, 6. [O. Sax. O. Frs. sand: O. H. Ger. sant arena, sabulum: Icel. sandr.] v. eolh-sand.
sand-beorh a sand-kill, sand-tank :-- Ondlong weges tó sondbeorge, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. iii. 402, 11. Sondbeorgum ymbseald, Exon. Th. 360, 23; Wal. 10. Se ðe wille fæst hús timbrian ne sceall hé hit nó settan up on ðone héhstan cnol and eft se ðe wille fæst hús timbrian ne sette hé hit on sondbeorhas quisquis volet perennem caucus ponere sedem, montis cacumen alti, bibulas vitet arenas, Bt. 12; Fox 36, 11. Sondbeorgas, Met. 7, 10.
sand-ceosol, es; m. Sand, gravel :-- Sandceosel arena, Wrt. Voc. i. 80, 64. Sandcesel, 54, 32. Sandceosol on sǽ arenam in litore maris, Gen. 22, 17. Sandceosol on sǽstrande, Jos. 11, 4. Sandceosol on sǽlícum strande, Homl. Th. ii. 62, 9. Sandcysel, Wulfst. 198, 22. Hé getimbrode hys hús ofer sandceosel supra arenam, Mt. Kmbl. 7, 26. Hí beóþ gemenigfylde ofer ðære sǽ sandceosol they shall be multiplied above the sand of the sea, Homl. Th. ii. 524, 21. [Cf. Ger. kiesel-sand gravel.]
sand-corn a grain of sand :-- Gif míne synna and mín yrmþ wǽron áwegene on ánre wǽgan, ðonne wǽron hí swǽrran gesewene ðonne sandcorn on sǽ, Homl. Th. ii. 454, 24. Swá fela welena swá ðara sondcorna beóþ be ðisum sǽclifum quantas pontus versat arenas, Bt. 7, 4; Fox 22, 27. Hí beóþ ofer sandcorn manige super arenam multiplicabuntur, Ps. Th. 138, 16. [Icel. sand-korn.]
sand-geweorp, es; n. A sand-bank, quicksand :-- Sandgewurp syrtis, Wrt. Voc. i. 63, 72. On sandgeweorp in sirtim, ii. 45, 66. [Cf. O. H. Ger. sant-wurfi syrtis.] v. next word and sand-hrycg.
sand-gewyrpe, es; n. A sand-heap :-- Tó sandgewyrpe, of sandgewyrpe út an Temese, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. vi. 228, 25.
sand-grot a grain of sand :-- Geríman sǽs sondgrotu, Exon. Th. 466, 6; Hö. 117.
sand-hliþ a sand-hill by the sea :-- Gewát him ofer sandhleoþu tó sǽs faruþe, Andr. Kmbl. 471; An. 236.
sand-hof a house in the sand, the grave :-- Líc orsáwle sceal in sondhofe wunian, Exon. Th. 173, 31; Gú. 1169.
sand-hrycg a sand-bank :-- Ðes sandhrycg haec syrtis, Ælfc. Gr. 9, 78; Som. 14, 34.
sand-hyll a sand-hill :-- Sondhyllas alga (cf. waar alga, 99, 69, wára sablonum, strand sablo, Hpt. Gl. 502, 76), Wrt. Voc. ii. 99, 73.
sandig; adj. Sandy :-- Sandig arenosa, sandegum arenosis, Hpt. Gl. 502, 73, 75. Sandigum, 449, 25. Ðeós wyrt wihst on sandigum landum, Lchdm. i. 94, 7: 100, 16.
sandiht; adj. Sandy, dusty :-- Hiora gemitting wæs on sondihtre dúne, ðæt hié for duste ne mehton geseón, hú hí hí behealdan sceolden, Ors. 5, 7; Swt. 230, 15. Of ðam stáne on ðone sandihtan hærepoþ, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. iii. 453, 22.
sand-land the sea-shore :-- Se hærnflota (the ship) æfter sundplegan sondlond gespearn, grond wið greóte, Exon. 182, 11; Gú. 1308.
sand-rid a quick-sand :-- Sandrid syrtes, Wrt. Voc. i. 57, 19. v. rid, and cf. sand-geweorp.
sand-seáþ a sand-pit :-- Ofer ðene hǽþ inn on ðam sandseáþe; of ðam sandseáþe, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. iii. 384, 26. Of ðære ǽc on ða sandseáþas, 80, 2: 169, 4.
sang, es; m. I. song, singing, (a) of human or angelic beings :-- Sárlíc sang trenos (GREEK), Wrt. Voc. i. 28, 18. Twegra sang bicinium, 25. Ungeswége sang diaphonia, 34. Geþwǽre sang armonia, 39. Ánswege sang simphonia, 40. Wuldres weard wordum herigaþ þegnas ... þǽr is sang æt selde, Cd. Th. 306, 12; Sat. 663. Dǽr wæs sang and swég samod ætgædere ... gomenwudu gréted, gid oft wrecen, Beo. Th. 2130; B. 1063: 180; B. 90. Ðǽr wæs singal sang and swegles gong, wlitig weoroda heáp, Andr. Kmbl. 1737; An. 871. Ðǽr is engla song, eádigra blis, Exon. Th. 100, 31; Cri. 1650. Magister cyriclíces sanges magister ecclesiasticae cantionis, Bd. 2, 20; S. 522, 27. Songes magister cantandi magister, 4, 2; S. 565, 38. Ðá hé ðá ðis leóþ ásungen hæfde, ðá forlét hé ðone sang, Bt. 24, 1; Fox 80, 5. Ðǽr (in heaven) wé hálgan Gode sang ymb seld secgan sceoldon, Cd. Th. 279, 9; Sat. 235. Gesǽton sigerófe sang áhófon lifted up their voices in song, Elen. Kmbl. 1733; Kl. 868. (b) of birds or animals :-- Winsum sanc (of birds), Met. 13, 50. Fugla cynn songe lofiaþ módigne, Exon. Th. 221, 20; Ph. 337. Mǽwes song, 406, 25; Rä. 25, 6. Earn sang áhóf, Elen. Kmbl. 58; El. 39. Wulf sang áhóf, 224; El. 112. (c) of sound caused by inanimate things; v. býme-sangere, sang-cræft, singan :-- Ealle hearpan strengas se hearpere grét mid ánre honda, ðý hé wile ðæt hí ánne song singen, ðeáh hé hié ungelíce styrige idcirco chordae consonam modulationem reddunt; quia uno quidem plectro, sed non uno impulsu feriuntur, Past. 23; Swt. 175, 9. II. a singing, chanting :-- Se biscop and se mæssepreóst sceolan mæssan gesingan ... and ða ðe on heofenum syndon, hí þingiaþ for ða ðe ðyssum sange fylgeaþ, Blickl. Homl. 45, 36. III. song, poetry, v. sang-cræft. IV. a song, a poem to be sung or recited :-- Se hálga song gehýred wæs, Exon. Th. 181, 23; Gú. 1297. Ðá hæfde hé mé gebunden mid ðære wynnsumnesse his sanges me carminis mulcedo defixerat, Bt. 22, 1; Fox 76, 6. Mé Gúðhere forgeaf máþþum songes tó leáne, Exon. Th. 322, 22; Víd. 67. Galan sigeleásne sang, Beo. Th. 1578; B. 787. Ðonne hé gyd wrece, sárigne sang, 4885; B. 2447. Ic ðysne sang (the poem which follows) fand, Apstls. Kmbl. 1; Ap. 1. Word sanga verba cantionum, Ps. Spl. 136, 3. Singaþ ús ymnum ealdra sanga ðe gé on Sione sungan hymnum cantate nobis de canticis Sion, Ps. Th. 136, 4. Sangum carminibus, Hpt. Gl. 519, 50. Singaþ sangas Drihtne and him neówne sang singaþ cantate Domino canticum novum, Ps. Th. 149, 1: 95, 1. [Goth. saggws: O. Sax. sang: O. Frs. song: O. H. Ger. sang: Icel. söngr. v. ǽfen-, brýd-, byrig-, cyric-, dæg-, dægréd-, foranniht-, galdor-, heáf-, hearp-, líc-, lof-, mæsse-, middæg-, niht-, nón-, offrung-, prím-, sealm-, tíd-, úht-, undern-, wóþ-, yfel-sang.
sang, song a bed :-- Song ɫ bedd stratum, Mk. Skt. Lind. 14, 15: Lk. Skt. Lind. 22, 12. [Icel. sæing, sæng: Dan. sæng: Swed. säng a bed.]
sang-bóc; f. I. a music-book, a book with the notes marked for singing :-- Nota ðæt is mearcung. Ðæra mearcunga sind manega and mislíce gesceapene, ǽgðer ge on sangbócum ge on leóþcræfte, Ælfc. Gr. 50, 15; Som. 51, 20. II. one of the service books, containing 'besides the canticles, the hymns which were used in the Anglo-Saxon churches.' v. Maskell's Monumenta Ritualia, i. cii :-- Ðæt synd ða hálgan béc ... sangbóc ..., L. Ælfc. C. 21; Th. ii. 350, 13. Mæssepreóst sceal habban ... sang-bóc ..., L. Ælfc. P. 44; Th. ii. 384, 1. Nú sindon ðǽr (in the church at Exeter) ii. fulle sangbéc. Chart. Th. 430, 8. [Icel. söng-bók.]
sang-cræft, es; m. I. the art of singing, music (vocal or instrumental) :-- Sangcræft musica (in a list of the arts), Hpt. Gl. 479, 46. Wæs hé swýðest on cyricean sangcræft getýd Rómánisce þeáwe maxime modulandi in ecclesia more Romanorum peritum, Bd. 4, 2; S. 566, 19. On sangcræft gelǽred cantandi sonos edoctus, 5, 20; S. 646, 6. I a. an art of singing :-- Biþ ðæs hleóþres swég (the voice of the Phenix when singing) eallum songcræftum swétra and wlitigra, and wynsumra wrenca gehwylcum, Exon. Th. 206, 25; Ph. 132. II. the art of composing poetry :-- Hé (Cædmon) þurh Godes gife ðone sangcræft onféng gratis canendi donum accepit, Bd. 4, 24; S. 596, 41.
sangere, es; m. I. a singer :-- Sangere cantor, Wrt. Voc. i. 28, 17: 72, 6. Ídel sangere temelici (GREEK a musician, singer), 39, 40. Wé witan ðæt þurh Godes gyfe ceorl wearþ tó eorle, sangere tó sacerde, and bócere tó biscope, L. Eth. vii. 11; Th. i. 334, 8. Bútan Jacobe ðam sangere, Bd. 4, 2; S. 565, 37. Se bisceop ðǽr gesette góde sangeras and mæssepreóstas and manigfealdlíce circicean þegnas, Blickl. Homl. 207, 31. II. a poet :-- David wæs sangere sóðfæstest, swiðe geþancol tó þingienne þeódum sínum wid ðane Sceppend, Ps. C. 50, 6. [Alse þe holi songere seið on his loft songe, O. E. Homl. ii. 117, 22. O. H. Ger. sangari cantor, psalmista: Icel. söngvari.] v. býme-, cyric-sangere.
sangestre, an; f. A female singer, songstress :-- Sangestre (-ystre) cantrix, Ælfc. Gr. 9, 64; Som. 13, 63. Sangystre, Wrt. Voc. i. 72, 5.
sang-pípe, an; f. A musical pipe :-- Sangpípe camena, Germ. 389, 26.
sáp, e; f. (?) Amber, resin, pomade :-- Sáp, smelting (cf. smulting electrum, 94, 61) succinum vel electrum, Wrt. Voc. i. 38, 31. Reádre deáge (in margin, sápe) rubro stibio (the word occurs in a passage treating of dressing the hair, cf. the passage in Pliny describing the use and invention of 'sapo:' Gallorum hoc inventum rutilandis capillis; fit ex sebo et cinere optimus fagino et caprino, duobus modis, spissus ac liquidus: uterque apud Germanos majore in usu viris quam feminis), Hpt. Gl. 435, 17. v. sápe and next word.
sáp-box a box for resin :-- Man sceal habban leóhtfæt, blácern, cyllan, sápbox, Anglia ix. 264, 22.
sápe, an; f. Soap, salve (? v. sáp) :-- Sápe sapo (sopo, MS.), Wrt. Voc. i. 86, 12: lumentum, ii. 54, 4. Hé biþ ðonne áþwogen fram his synnum þurh ða untrumnysse, swá swá horig hrægl þurh sápan, Homl. Th. i. 472, 6. [Monie of þas wimmen smurieð heom mid blanchet, þet is þes deofles sápe (unguent?), O. E. Homl. i. 53, 24. Þe wreche peoddare more noise he makeð to ʒeien his sope, þen a riche mercer al his deorewurðe ware, A. R. 66, 18. O. H. Ger. seifa sabona, smigma; also resina.] v. ár-, pill-sápe.
sár, es; n. I. referring to the body, (1) pain, suffering, soreness :-- Mé sár gehrán, wærc in gewód, Exon. Th. 163, 28; Gú. 1000. Sár gewód ymb ðæs beornes breóst, Andr. Kmbl. 2494; An. 1245. Mid sáre geswenced, mid mislícum ecum and tyddernessum, Blickl. Homl. 59, 7. On sáre his líchoma sceal hér wunian, 61, 1. Hǽlu bútan sáre, Exon. Th. 101, 8; Cri. 1655. Ða ðe on sáre seóce lágun, 83, 14; Cri. 1356. Hé sár ne wiste he did not feel pain, Cd. Th. 12, 3; Gen. 179. (2) a pain, pang, sore, wound :-- Nis ðǽr ǽnig sár geméted, ne ádl, ne ece, Blickl. Homl. 25, 30. Hé byð ðæs sáres hál, Lchdm. i. 352, 2. Wið eágena, eárena, sídan, wambe, &c. sáre, i. 2, sqq. On his módor sáre hé biþ ácenned, Blickl. Homl. 57, 35. Ðýlæs hwelc ðara niéhstena ðæs ofslægenan for ðæm sáre (the mortal wound caused by the slipping of an axe) hine ofsleá, Past. 21; Swt. 167, 3. Mugcwyrt ðæt sár ðara fóta of genimþ, Lchdm. i. 102, 16. Gif sió wamb biþ windes full, ðonne cymþ ðæt of wlacre wǽtan; sió cealde wǽte wyrcþ sár an . . . ðonne déþ ðæt ðæt sár áweg, Lchdm. ii. 224, 24. Nǽfre ðú þæs suíðlíc sár gegearwast heardra wíta, ðæt ðú mec onwende worda ðissa, Exon. Th. 246, 2; Jul. 55. Ðú ðæt sár (stripes and blows) áber, Andr. Kmbl. 1912; An. 958. Ðæt gé him sára gehwylc gehǽlde that you should heal every wound for him, Exon. Th. 144, 11; Gú. 676. Leomu hefegodon sárum gesóhte his limbs waxed heavy, visited by pains, 159, 21; Gú. 930. Ádle gebysgad, sárum geswenced, 170, 11; Gú. 1110. Ðá wæs heó eft hefigod mid ðǽm ǽrran sárum prioribus adgravata doloribus, Bd. 4, 19; S. 589, 5. Se Hǽlend his þegnum sǽde ða sár ðe hé ádreógan wolde, Blickl. Homl. 15, 33. Hié ealle líchomlícu sár oforhogodan, 119, 20. II. of the mind, (1) grief, pain, trouble, sorrow :-- Ne biþ ðǽr sár ne gewinn, ne nǽnig unéþnes, Blickl. Homl. 103, 35. Wépende sár, Exon. Th. 79, 14; Cri. 1290. Is sáwl mín sáres and yfeles gefylled repleta est malis anima mea, Ps. Th. 87, 3. Tó tácnunge sorges and ánfealdes sáres, Bt. 7, 2; Fox 18, 21. Hí hí forlǽtaþ on ðam mǽstan sáre, 7, 1; Fox 16, 13. Hé heora helpend wæs on heora sáre, Bd. 3, 9; S. 533, 26. (2) a grief, sorrow, pain, wound :-- Hit wæs swá gewunelíc on ealdum dagum, ðæt gif hwam sum fǽrlíc sár (affliction) becóme, ðæt hé his reáf tótǽre, Homl. Th. ii. 454, 14. Ðeáh him mon hwæt wiðerweardes doo, oððe hé hwelce scande gehiére be him selfum, hé æt ðæm cierre ne biþ onstyred . . . ac æfter lytlum fæce hé biþ onǽled mid ðý fýre ðæs sáres, Past. 33; Swt. 225, 20. Ðá ðæt mód ðillíc sár cweþende wæs, Bt. 5, 1; Fox 8, 24. Lufu him sára gehwylc symle forswíðede, Exon. Th. 160, 4; Gú. 938: 176, 31; Gú. 1218. Æfter ðære menigeo mínra sára ðe mé on ferhþe gestódan secundum multitudinem dolorum meorum in corde meo, Ps. Th. 93, 18. Ða angunnenan sár conceptos dolores, Wrt. Voc. ii. 136, 12. [Goth. sair: O. Sax. O. L. Ger. O. Frs. O. H. Ger. sér dolor, supplicium, amaritudo, ulcus: Icel. sár a sore; a wound.] v. líc-sár, and next word.
sár; adj. Sore, painful, grievous, distressing, (1) of physical pain:--Se lǽca ðe sceal sáre (yfela, MS. Y.) wunda wel gehǽlan, hé mót habban góde sealfe ðǽrtó, L. Pen. 4; Th. ii. 278, 15. Ne wæs hyra ǽnigum síðe ðý sárra, ðeáh hý swá sceoldan reáfe birofene slítan haswe bléde, Exon. Th. 394, 20; Rä. 14, 6. Wé wieton ðæt sió diégle wund biþ sárre ðonne sió opene, Past. 38; Swt. 273, 22. (2) of mental pain:--Ðá hé ðæs mannes deáþ swá earmlícne gehýrde ðá wæs him ðæt swíðe sár when he heard the man's death was so miserable, it was very grievous to him, Blickl. Homl. 219, 14. Ne wæs hyre bróðra deáþ on sefan swá sár, Exon. 377, 25; Deór. 9. Ðæt ðam hálgan wæs sár on móde, Cd. Th. 96, 11; Gen. 1593: 27, 30; Gen. 425. Ðæt wæs Satane sár tó geþolienne, Andr. Kmbl. 3375; An. 1691. Ðonne hí sáres hwæt siófian scioldon (cf. ðonne hí sceoldan heora sár siófian, Bt. 38, 1; Fox 194, 35), Met. 26, 82. Bídan sáran sorge, Cd. Th. 266, 26; Sat. 28. Forlǽt sáre sorgceare, Exon. Th. 13, 27; Cri. 209. Hearm, sáre swyltcwale, Andr. Kmbl. 2735; An. 1370. Morþra, sárra sorga, Judth. Thw. 24, 10; Jud. 182: Rood Kmbl. 157; Kr. 80. Manaþ sárum wordum prompts with words that wound, Beo. Th. 4122; B. 2058. Ealle ða sáran edwíta ðe hé ádreág, Blickl. Homl. 97, 15. Uncúðne eard cunnian, sáre síþas to make trial of a land unknown, of travails sore, Exon. Th. 87, 2; Cri. 1419. Cwæð ðæt him wǽre weorce on móde, sorga sárost, Cd. Th. 122, 19; Gen. 2029. [O. Sax. O. L. Ger. O. Frs. O. H. Ger. sér tristis: Icel. sárr sore; wounded.] v. un-sár.
Saracene, Sarocine, Sarcine; pl. Saracens :-- Sarracene Sarasene, Ors. 1, 1; Swt. 12, 5. Wǽron ðǽr Sarocine gesamnode ðæt hig sǽtnodan manna, Shrn. 37, 34. Wit urnon for Sarcina hergunge, 42, 9. Se hefegosta wól Sarcina þeóde Gallia ríce forhergedon gravissima Sarracenorum lues Gallias vastabat, Bd. 5, 23; S. 645, 31. On India Saraccua in India Saracenorum, Rtl. 196, 35. [Cf. Icel. Serkir: O. H. Ger. Sarci, Serzi Arabes.]
Saracenisc; adj. Saracen :-- Hé gegaderode of ðám Saraceniscum swíðe micele fyrde, Jud. Thw. p. 162, 25. [Cf. Icel. Serkneskr: O. H. Ger. Sarcisc, Sarzisc Arabicus.]
Saracen-, Sarcin-ware; pl. The Saracens :-- Ðá hergodon ða hǽþnan Sarcinware on þa stówe (Sardinia), Shrn. 122, 25.
sár-benn, e; f. A painful wound :-- Wæs ðæs hálgan líc sárbennum soden, swáte bestémed, bánhús ábrocen, blód ýþum weóll, Andr. Kmbl. 2479; An. 1241. Sárbennum gesóht, Exon. Th. 163, 11; Gú. 992.
sár-bót, e; f. Condensation paid for inflicting a wound, L. W. I.; Th. i. 470, 21. [Icel. sár-bætr; pl.]
Sarcine, Sarcin-ware. v. Saracene, Saracen-ware.
sár-cláþ, es; m. A bandage for a wound :-- Sárcláþ ligatura, Wrt. Voc. i. 20, 18: ii. 53, 77: fasciola, i. 40, 62: ii. 39, 75.
sárcren(?) disposed to soreness :-- On ðám monnum ðe habbaþ swíðe gefélne and sárcrenne magan a very sensitive stomach and one easily made sore, Lchdm. ii. 176, 9.
sár-cwide, es; m. I. a speech that is intended to give pain, injurious or affronting speech, reproach, bitter words :-- Ne gedafenaþ ðé ðæt ðú andsware mid oferhygdum séce sárcwide it befits thee not to seek an answer with arrogance and bitter words, Andr. Kmbl. 693; An. 320. Synnige ne mihton þurh sárcwide sóð gecýðan, 1929; An. 967. Ðú ús ásettest on sárcwide úrum neáhmannum posuisti nos in contradictionem vicinis nostris, Ps. Th. 79, 6. Hé ðæt eal þolaþ, sárcwide secga, Exon. Th. 458, 2; Hy. 4, 94, Ic worn for ðé hæbbe sídra sorga and sárcwida, hearmes gehýred, and mé hosp sprecaþ, tornworda fela, 11, 14; Cri. 170. II. a speech in which grief is expressed, a lament :-- Ic nyste ǽr ðú ðé self hit mé gerehtest mid ðínum sárcwidum I did not know until you yourself told it me with your lamentations, Bt. 5, 1; Fox 8, 34. Nú sceal ic siófigende wreccea giómor singan sárcwidas flebilis moestos cogor inire modos, Met. 2, 4.
Sardinie; pl. The Sardinians, the people or the island of Sardinia :-- Hú Sardinie wunnon on Rómáne, Ors. 4, 7, tit.; Swt. 4, 16. On Sicilium and on Sardinium ðǽm íglondum, 4, 7; Swt. 164, 23.
sáre; adv. Sorely, grievously, bitterly :-- Wǽron earme men sáre beswicene (sorely deceived) and hreówlíce besyrwde, Wulfst. 158, 11 note. Hrinon hearmtánas hearde and sáre drihta bearnum, Cd. Th. 61, 5; Gen. 992. Mé ðæt cynn hafaþ sáre ábolgen that race hath angered me sore, 76, 14; Gen. 1257. Forgrípan gumcynne grimme and sáre heardum mihtum, 77, 15; Gen. 1275. Sum sáre angeald ǽfenreste one paid a heavy price for his night's rest, Beo. Th. 2507; B. 1251. Hé cenþ unriht and hit cymþ him sáre it shall trouble him sorely, Ps. Th. 7, 14. Hí sáre sprecaþ they speak bitterly, 63, 4. Wé sittaþ and sáre wépaþ (cf. Icel. gráta sáran: Scot. to greet sair), 136, 1. Wæs se hálga wer sáre geswungen, Andr. Kmbl. 2791; An. 1398. [O. Frs. sére: O. Sax. O. H. Ger. séro dolenter: Ger. sehr.] v. emn-sáre.
sárettan; p. te To lament, complain :-- Hé sárette ðætte ða synfullan sceoldan bytlan onuppan his hrycge supra dorsum suum fabricasse peccatores queritur, Past. 21, 2; Swt. 153, 9. Ðæt ilce sárette se wítga contra hos propheta conqueritur, 37, 2; Swt. 267, 2. [O. H. Ger. sérazzan dolere.]
sár-ferhþ; adj. Sore at heart, wounded in spirit :-- Ðæt wíf (Sarah complaining to Abraham about Hagar) módes sorge, sárferhþ sægde: 'Ne fremest ðú riht wið mé,' Cd. Th. 135, 17; Gen. 2244. Cf. sárig-ferhþ.
sárga, an; m. Some kind of trumpet :-- Trúðhorn oððe sárga lituus, Wrt. Voc. i. 73, 67. Sárgana salpicum, tubarum, Hpt. Gl. 445, 11.
sárgian; p. ode. I. to make sad (sárig), to grieve (trans.), afflict, wound :-- Hí sárgiaþ fremdne flǽschoman, Salm. Kmbl. 220; Sal. 109. II. to be or become sad, to grieve (intrans.), languish :-- Hé sárgaþ ðæs he is grieved at it, Past. 33; Swt. 227, 21. Se bisceop hefiglíce sárgode be ðam fylle and mínre forwyrde episcopus gravissime de casu et interitu meo dolebat, Bd. 5, 6; S. 619, 32. Eágan míne sárgodon oculi mei languerunt, Ps. Spl. 87, 9. Ðá ongan hé forhtian and sárgian et coepit pauere et taedere, Mk. Skt. 14, 33. Sárgiende ɫ sorhful dolens, Ps. Lamb. 68, 30. Sárgiendne fréfrian dolentem cqnsolari, R. Ben. 17, 3 MS. O. [O. H. Ger. seragón to sadden, pain, wound.] v. be-, ge-sárgian.
sárgung, e; f. Lamentation, grief :-- Ðǽr is sorgung and sárgung and á singal heóf, Wulfst. 114, 5. Beó ðú forþloten tó sárgungum esto pronus ad lamenta, Scint. 6. v. be-sárgung.
sárian; p. ode. I. to feel pain for, feel sorry for :-- Heó is má tó sárianne magis dolendum, Bd. 1, 27; S. 496, 40. II. to be sore (v. sár; adj.), (1) of physical pain:--Hé (the disease) wundaþ and sió wund sáraþ the wound gets painful, Past. 11; Swt. 71, 20. Ða liran ðara lendena sáriaþ, Lchdm. ii. 216, 24. (2) of mental pain, to grieve, be sad :-- Ic sárige on mínum wítum I grow sad in my punishments, Nar. 43, 7. Wé sáriaþ ealle, forðon þe wé seóþ ðínne líchaman beón cwylmed, 42, 2. Ðín fæder and ic sárigende (dolentes) ðé sóhton, Lk. Skt. 2, 48. Sáriendne (sáriende, MS. T.) fréfrian, R. Ben. 17, 3. [O. Sax. gi-sérid afflicted: O. Frs. sérd: O. H. Ger. séren, sérón vulnerare, dolere.]
sárig; adj. I. feeling grief, sorry, sorrowful, sad :-- Ðá wæs Petrus sárig contristatus est Petrus, Jn. Skt. 21, 17: Homl. Th. ii. 248, 11. Ic mé sylfa eam sárig þearfa pauper et dolens ego sum, Ps. Th. 68, 30. Ðá sceolde se hearpere weorþan swá sárig ðæt hé ne mihte on gemong óðrum monnum beón the harper (Orpheus) is said to have become so afflicted with grief, that he could not live among other men, Bt. 35, 6; Fox 168, 6. Se is swíðe sárig for ðínum earfoþum and for ðínum wræcsíþe, 10; Fox 28, 18. Ðæs ðe hé swá geómor wearð, sárig for his synnum, Exon. Th. 450, 15; Dóm. 88. Hé wearð swíðe sári graviter accepit, Gen. 48, 17. Ne forseoh sáriges béne, Ps. Th. 54, 1. On salig wé sárige úre organan áhéngan, 136, 2. Ðá wurdon hiora wíf swá sárige on hiora móde, and swá swíðlíce gedréfed, Ors. 1, 10; Swt. 44, 29. Hig wæron sárie (dolentes) for hira geswince, Num. 11, 1. Monge ðe hine sárge gesóhtun, freórigmóde, Exon. Th. 155, 12; Gú. 859. Sóhton sárigu tú (the two women at the sepulchre) sigebearn Godes, 460, 2; Hö. 11. Sárge gé ne sóhton, ne him swǽslíc word frófre gesprǽcon, 92, 19; Cri. 1511. II. expressing grief, mournful, sad, bitter :-- Hé ðá wépende wéregum teárum his sigedryhten sárgan reorde grétte, Andr. Kmbl. 120; An. 60. Ðonne hé wrece sárigne sang, Beo. Th. 4885; B. 2447. Sárige teáras, Ps. Th. 55, 7. [O. Sax. O. H. Ger. sérag dolens, amarus.] v. efen- (em-) sárig.
sárig-ferhþ; adj. Sad in soul :-- Geseóþ sorga mǽste synfá men sárigferþe, Exon. Th. 67, 4; Cri. 1083. Cf. sár-ferhþ.
sárig-mód; adj. Sad-hearted, of mournful mood :-- Ðonne féhþ seó weáláf sorhful and sárigmód geómrigendum móde synne bemǽnan, Wulfst. 133, 13. Geneósige ða ðe beóþ sárigmóde and seóce, L. Pen: 16; Th. ii. 282, 28. Frófor eft gelamp sárigmódum, Beo. Th. 5876; B. 2942. [Þa wes he sarimod and sorhful an heorten, Laym. 29791. Sorimod and wroþ, O. and N. 1218. Forfrigted folc and sorimod, Gen. and Ex. 3520. O. Sax. sérag-mód.]
sárigness, e; f. Sadness :-- Hwæt mæg beón wóp oððe sárignys, gyf ðæt næs se mǽsta ǽgðres, Homl. Skt. i. 23, 102. [Hé hig funde slǽpende for unrótnesse (later MS. sárignesse) dormientes prae tristitiam, Lk. Skt. 22, 45. Tristicia þet is þissere worlde sarinesse, O. E. Homl. i. 103, 22. Þer wes sarinesse (wowe, 2nd MS.), sorreʒen inoʒe, Laym. 27560. In eche sorinesse, O. E. Misc. 76, 125. Wiþ muchel sorinesse, Horn. 922]
sár-líc; adj. I. giving occasion for sorrow, sad, mournful, lamentable, grievous :-- Wá lá wá! ðæt is sárlíc ðæt swá leóhtes andwlitan men sceolan ágan þýstra ealdor heu, proh dolor! quod tam lucidi vultus homines, tenebrarum auctor possidet, Bd. 2, 1; S. 501, 15. Sárlíc tó cweðene dolendum dictu, Hpt. Gl. 447, 25. Nó his lífgedál sárlíc þúhte secga ǽnigum to no man did his death seem occasion for sorrow, Beo. Th. 1688; B. 842. Sárlíc symbel (the eating of the forbidden fruit), Exon. Th. 226, 15; Ph. 406. Sárlíc síþfæt (the journey to hell), 446, 20; Dóm. 25. Se sárlíca cwide: 'Terra es et in terram ibis' that sad sentence, 'Dust thou art and to dust thou shalt return,' Blickl. Homl. 123, 7. Mid sárlícre sceame confusione, Ps. Th. 88, 38. I a. causing pain, grievous :-- Éþung biþ sárlíc the breathing is painful, Lchdm. ii. 258, 17. Wé witon unrím ðara monna ðe ða écan gesǽlþa sóhtan nallas þurh ðæt án ðæt hí wilnodon ðæs líchomlícan deáþes ac eác manegra sárlícra wíta hié gewilnodon multos scimus beatitudinis fructum non morte solum, verum etiam doloribus suppliciisque quaesisse, Bt. 11, 2; Fox 36, 4. II. expressing sorrow or grief, sad, mournful :-- Sárlic sang trenos, Wrt. Voc. i. 28, 18. Sárlíc blis cantilena, ii. 128, 13. Hé sit mid sárlícum andwlitan, nát ic hwæt hé besorgaþ, Ap. Th. 15, 10. Hé cwæð mid sárlícre stemne, Swt. A. S. Rdr. 101, 205. Sárlíc leóþ tragoediam, Wrt. Voc. ii. 82, 37. Hwílum gyd áwræc sárlíc, Beo. Th. 4224; B. 2109. [Næs heo næuere swa sarlic, þ̄ wes Wenhauer þa quene, sarʒest wimmone, Laym. 28457. O. H. Ger. sér-líh grievous.]
sárlíce; adv. I. in a manner that causes or is attended by physical pain, sorely, painfully :-- Job sæt sárlíce eal on ánre wunde, Homl. Th. ii. 452, 27. Blód ðæt wæs sárlíce ágoten, Ps. Th. 78, 11. Ðé sculon slítan sárlíce swearte wihta, Soul Kmbl. 145; Seel. 73. Hé sóhte hú hé sárlícast, þurh ða wyrrestan wítu, meahte feorhcwale findan, Exon. Th. 276, 25; Jul. 571. II. in a manner that causes mental pain, sorely, grievously, lamentably :-- Ðæt mín fót ful sárlíce ásliden wǽre, Ps. Th. 93, 17. Hí mé on dígle deorce stówe settan sárlíce, 142, 4. Hit oft swíðe sárlíce gebyrede ðæt wríteras forléton unwritene ðara monna dǽda ðe on hiora dagum foremǽroste wǽron it has often happened most lamentably, that writers have left unwritten those men's deeds that in their days were most distinguished, Bt. 18, 3; Fox 64, 32. III. in a manner that expresses sorrow or grief, sorely, bitterly, heavily :-- Apollonius sárlíce sæt, Ap. Th. 14, 21. Sárlíce wépende weeping bitterly, Gen. 21, 16. Ðá onsác se Wísdóm then Wisdom sighed heavily, Bt. 26, 2; Fox 92, 24: 40, 3; Fox 238, 7: Wulfst. 133, 14. Ðá wǽron hié ealle sóna unróte, and sárlíce gebǽrdon, Blickl. Homl. 225, 14. [O. Frs. sérlíke.]
Sarmondisc; adj. Sarmatian :-- Néh ðæm gársecge ðe mon háteþ Sarmondisc Sarmatico aversi oceano, Ors. 1, 1; Swt. 8, 16.
sárness, e; f. I. bodily pain :-- On sárnysse ðú ácenst cild in dolore paries filios, Gen. 3, 16. Freoh fram deáþes sárnysse, Homl. Th. i. 76, 14. II. mental pain, affliction, grief :-- Geopenige úre sárnys (the trouble arising from a pestilence) ús infær sóðre gecyrrednysse, ii. 124, 7. Gehrepod mid heortan sárnisse tactus dolore cordis, Gen. 6, 6. Hé ðis eal mid sárnesse beheóld, Ap. Th. 14, 19. Áfirsa fram him his sárnesse, 16, 14. Heu geswutelaþ módes sárnesse, Ælfc. Gr. 5; Som. 4, 1. Helle sárnyssa mé beeodon, and ic on mínre gedréfednysse Drihten clypode, Homl. Th. ii. 86, 17. Ðæt beóþ ða angin, hé cwæð, ðara sárnessa . . . ða sorga and ða sárnessa de on woruld becumaþ, Wulfst. 89, 11-14.
Sarocine, Sarracene. v. Saracene.
sár-seófung, e; f. Complaint :-- Sárseófunge querulosis quiðungum questibus, Wrt. Voc. ii. 76, 18-19.
sár-slege, es; m. A painful blow, a blow that wounds or pains :-- Wé ða heardestan wítu geþoliaþ þurh sárslege, Exon. Th. 262, 31; Jul. 341: 275, 8; Jul. 547. Ne móstun hý Gúþláces gǽste sceþþan, ne þurh sárslege sáwle gedǽlan wið líchoman, 115, 31; Gú. 198. Ðá wæs hé swungen sárslegum, swát ýðum weóll, Andr. Kmbl. 2551; Ann. 1277.
sár-spell, es; n. A sorrowful speech, a lament :-- Ic secge ðis sárspell and ymb síþ spræce, Exon. Th. 458, 6; Hy. 4, 96.
sár-stæf, es; m. A term intended to pain, an insult, a reproach :-- Godes andsacan sægdon sárstafum swíðe gehéton ðæt hé deáþa gedál dreógan sceolde God's adversaries said with bitter words, vehemently vowed, that he should suffer death, Exon. Th. 116, 10; Gú. 205.
sárung, e; f. Mourning, lamentation :-- Ðǽr is sorgung and sárgung (sáruncg, MS. K.) and á singal heóf, Wulfst. 114, 5.
sár-wilm, es; m. A painful burning; a feverish heat :-- Soden sárwylmum (cf. ádle gebysgad, sárum geswenced, 170, 10-11), Exon. Th. 171, 7; Gú. 1123.
sár-wís(?) dull :-- Ða sárwísan (Cott. MS. sámwísan), Past. 30, 1; Swt. 203, 7. v. sám-wís.
sár-wracu; gen. -wræce; f. Sore tribulation :-- Nis ðǽr synn ne sacu ne sárwracu (sár wracu ?), Exon. Th. 201, 11; Ph. 54. Swá ðæt éce líf eádigra gehwylc æfter sárwræce sylf geceóseþ, 224, 27; Ph. 382: 274, 2; Jul. 527.
Satan, es; m. Satan :-- God cwæð ðæt se héhsta hátan sceolde Satan, Cd. Th. 22, 23; Gen. 345: 22, 27; Gen. 347. Hé wæs fram Satane gecostnod, Mk. Skt. 1, 13: Exon. Th. 93, 6; Cri. 1522: Andr. Kmbl. 3374; An. 1691. The Greek form Satanas with acc. Satanan also occurs, Mk. Skt. 3, 23: Lk. Skt. 10, 18; and Satanus, Cd. Th. 287, 22; Sat. 371: 292, 27; Sat. 447.
saturege, an; f. Savory; satureia hortensis, Lchdm. iii. 24, 4. [M. H. Ger. satereie: Ger. saturei.] v. sæþerige.
Saturnus; gen. Saturnes; m. I. Saturn the god :-- Ðæs (Jove's father) nama wæs Saturnus, Bt. 38, 1; Fox 194, 17: Met. 26, 48. Tó ðam cealdan stiorran ðe wé hátaþ Saturnes steorra (cf. Met. 24, 31, where the star is called Saturn: ðone steorran Saturnus londbúende hátaþ), Bt. 36, 2; Fox 174, 13. II. the name occurs often in the Dialogue of Salomon and Saturn.
sáwan; p. seów, séw; pp. sáwen. I. lit. (a) to sow (seed in a field):--Túncersan ðe mon ne sǽwþ, Lchdm. ii. 22, 13. Weard sáweþ on swæð mín, Exon. Th. 403, 11; Rä. 22, 6. Hig ne sáwaþ non seminant, Lk. Skt. 12, 24. Hláford hú ne seów (seówe, MS. A.) ðú gód sǽd on ðínum æcere Domine, nonne bonum semen seminasti in agro tuo? Mt. Kmbl. 13, 27. Út eode se sǽdere hys sǽd tó sáwenne [séde ɫ sédege, Lind.]. And ðá ðá hé seów, 13, 3-4. Ðá hé séw (seów, MS. A.) Mk. Skt. 4, 4. Hé wíngeard sette, seów sǽda fela, Cd. Th. 94, 9; Gen. 1559. Be ðæm áworpnan engle is áwriten ðæt hé séwe ðæt weód on ða gódan æceras cum bonae messi inserta fuissent zizania, Past. 47, 1; Swt. 357, 17. Gehýre gé ðæs sáwendan (seminantis) bigspell, Mt. Kmbl. 13, 18. Sáwondum seminanti, Kent. Gl. 370. (b) to sow (a field with seed):--Hí seówon æceras seminaverunt agros, Ps. Spl. 106, 37. Ne sáw ðú ðínne æcyr mid gemengedum sǽde agrum tuum non seres diverso semine, Lev. 19, 19. Six geár ðú scealt sáwan sex annis seres agrum tuum, 25, 3. II. fig. to sow the seeds of anything, to originate, do an action which produces a result, implant :-- Se eorþlíca anweald ne sǽwþ (inserit) ða cræftas ac lisþ unþeáwas, Bt. 27, 1; Fox 94, 25. Áworpen man on ǽlce tíd sáweþ wróhte homo apostata omni tempore jurgia seminat, Past. 47, 1; Swt. 357, 22. Se ealda inwit sáweþ, Fragm. Kmbl. 67; Leás. 35. Ða hér on teárum sáwaþ hí eft fægerum gefeán sníðaþ qui seminant in lacrymis, in gaudio metent, Ps. Th. 125, 5: Exon. Th. 6, 18; Cri. 86. Hé monigfealde módes snyttru seów and sette geond sefan monna, 41, 29; Cri. 663. Sibbe sáwaþ on sefan manna, 30, 31; Cri. 487. [Goth. saian; p. saisó: O. Sax. sáian; p. sáida, séu: O. Frs. séa: O. H. Ger. sájan; p. sáta: Icel. sá; p. seri, later sáði.] v. á-, be-, ge-, geond-, ofer-, on-, tó-sáwan.
sáwel (ol, ul), sáwl, sául, sówhul, e; f. The soul :-- Sáwul anima, Wrt. Voc. 1. 76, 30. Sáwl, 42, 32. Sául, 282, 23: ii. 7, 75. I. the soul, the animal life :-- Ic secge mínre sáwle: 'Eálá sáwel, ðú hæfst mycele gód . . . gerest ðé, et, drinc, and gewista.' Ðá cwæð God tó him: 'Lá dysega, on ðisse nihte hig feccaþ ðíne sáwle fram ðé' . . . Ic eów secge: 'Ne beó gé ymbehýdige eówre sáwle, hwæt gé etan . . . Seó sáwul ys má ðonne se líchama, Lk. Skt. 12, 16-23. Mannes Sunu com ðæt hé sealde his sáwle líf (ferh, Rush.) tó álýsednesse for manegum, Mt. Kmbl. 20, 28. Gif hwá eácniend wíf gewerde . . . gif hió deád síe, selle sáwle wið sáwle, L. Alf. 18; Th. i. 48, 19. Se ðe gemét hys sáwle (sáule ɫ ferh, Rush.), se forspilþ hig; and se ðe forspilþ his sáwle for mé, hé gemét hí, Mt. Kmbl. 10, 39: 16, 25: Jn. Skt. 12, 25. Genera sáwle míne fram árleásum, Ps. Spl. 16, 14. Sáwle sécan to try to kill, Beo. Th. 1606; B. 801. Ðæt hé gefriðie heora sáwla fram deáþe, and hí féde on hungres tíde, Ps. Th. 32, 16. II. the soul, the intellectual and immortal principle in man :-- Hwæt gelýfeþ se líchoma bútan þurh ða sáwle? Geþencean ða men ðæt hié heora sylfra sáwla geseón ne mágon; ac eal swá hwæt swá se gesénelíca líchama déþ, eal ðæt déþ seó ungesýnelíce sáwl þurh ðone líchoman; and ðonne seó sáwl hié gedǽleþ wið ðone líchoman, hwylc biþ hé ðonne búton swylpe stán, oððe treów? Ne hé hine ná ne onstyreþ, siððan seó ungesýnelíce sáwl him of biþ, Blickl. Homl. 21, 21-28. Se écea dǽl, ðæt is seó sáwl, 111, 32. Seó sául mid gástlícum þingum on écnesse leofaþ, 57, 15. Ealle men líchomlíce sweltaþ, and ðeáh seó sáwl biþ libbende. Ac seó sáwl færþ swíðe fréólíce tó heofonum, siððan heó of ðam carcerne ðæs líchoman onliésed biþ, Bt. 18, 4; Fox 68, 13. Sáwl and lícchoma wyrcaþ ánne mon . . tó ðære sáwle and tó ðam líchoman belimpap ealle ðás ðæs monnes good, ge gástlíce ge líchomlíce . . . Ðonne is ðære sáwle gód wærscipe and gemetgung and geþyld and rihtwísnes and wísdóm and manege swelce cræftas, 34, 6; Fox 140, 28-35: 34, 10; Fox 148, 3-4. Nú tó ðam sóþan gefeán sáwel fundaþ, Exon. Th. 178, 3; Gú. 1238: 233, 12; Ph. 523. Gewát sáwol sécean sóðfæstra dóm, Beo. Th. 5633; B. 2820. Sáwul, Byrht. Th. 136, 64; By. 177. Seó ýdelnes is ðære sáwle feónd, L. E. I. 3; Th. ii. 404, 11. Hwæt is ðæt ðæm men sý máre þearf tó þencenne ðonne embe his sáuwle þearfe? Blickl. Hpml. 97, 20. Nýtenu and deór, fixas and fugelas hé gesceóp on flǽsce bútan sáwle, Homl. Th. i. 276, 4. On hwilcum dǽle hætþ se man Godes anlícnysse on him? on ðære sáwle . . . Ðæs mannes sáwl hæfþ on hire þreó þing, ðæt is, gemynd and andgit aad willa . . . Án sáwul is, and án líf and án edwist seó ðe hæfþ ðás þreó þing . . . Ðeáhhwæðere nis nán ðæra þreora seó sáwul, ac seó sáwul þurh ðæt gemynd gemanþ, þurh ðæt andgit heó understent, þurh ðone willan heó wile swá hwæt swá hire lícaþ, 288, 15-30. Se man is éce on ánum dǽle, ðæt is, on ðære sáwle; heó ne geendaþ nǽfre, 16, 16. Ne mágon hig ða sáwle ofsleán, Mt. Kmbl. 10, 28. Sáuwle, Blickl. Homl. 43, 23. Monna sáwla sint undeáþlíce and éce, Bt. 11, 2; Fox 34, 33. Gebid heó sínna sówhula, Txts. 124, 5. Gemyndige úre sáula þearfe, Blickl. Homl. 101, 16. Ðæt hé úre sáula gelǽde on gefeán, 211, 8. III. a soul, a human creature (after death):--Ða hálgan sáwla cleopodan tó Drihtne: 'Ástíg nú ðú hafast helle bereáfod,' 87, 20. Hálige sáula ðǽr (in Jerusalem) restaþ, 81, 2. Hé geseah ðæt on ðæm clife hangodan manige swearta sáula be heora handum gebundne . . . Ðis wǽron ða sáula ða ðe hér on worlde mid unrihte gefyrenode wǽron, and ðæs noldan geswícan ǽr heora lífes ende, 209, 34-211, 7. Seó menigo háligra sáula ðe ǽr gehæftnede wǽron (those who were released when Christ descended to Hell), 87, 7. Heora (the angels') éþel sceolde geseted weorþan mid hálgum sáwlum . . . mid ðære menniscan gecynde, 121, 34. Mid eallum ðǽm sáulum ðe hér on worlde mid rihte tó Gode gecyrraþ, 57, 25: 89, 29: 95, 22. Drihten ða hálgan sáuwla ðonon (from Hell) álǽdde, 67, 19. [Goth. saiwala: O. Sax. séola: O. Frs. séle: O. L. Ger. séla, síla: O. H. Ger. séla, séula: Icel. sála.] v. or-sáwle.
sáwel-berend a being with a soul :-- Sáwlberendra, niðða bearna, grundbúendra, Beo. Th. 2013; B. 1004.
sáwel-cund; adj. Spiritual :-- Sáwelcund hyrde, Exon. Th. 121, 14; Gú. 288.
sáwel-dreór life-blood :-- Hé geblódegod wearð sáwuldrióre, Beo. Th. 5379; B. 2693. Besmiten mid sáwldreóre, Cd. Th. 91, 31; Gen. 1520.
sáwel-gedál the parting of soul and body, death :-- Ne biþ ðæs lengra swice sáwelgedáles ðonne seofon niht fyrstgemearces, ðæt mín feorh heonan on ðisse eahteþan ende geséceþ, Exon. Th. 164, 7; Gú. 1008. Cf. líf-gedál.
sáwel-gescot soul-scot :-- Ðat sáwulgesceot sceulon ða canonicas habban, Chart. Th. 609, 14, 29. v. sáwel-sceatt.
sáwel-hord the treasure of life, life guarded as a treasure in the body, the body full of life :-- Óþ ðæt sáwlhord, báncofa blódig, ábrocen weorþeþ, Exon. Th. 329, 15; Vy. 34. Óþ sáwlhord to the very soul, Ps. Th. 77, 49.
sáwel-hús the body :-- Ðis sáwelhús, fǽge flǽschoma, Exon. Th. 163, 34; Gú. 1003. Deáþ sóhte sáwelhús, 170, 19; Gú. 1114.
sáwel-leás; adj. I. without life (v. sáwel, I):--Sáwulleás (sáwl-, MS. F.) exanimis, Ælfc. Gl. 9, 28; Zup. 56, 16. Hé feóll geswógen swylce hé sáwlleás wǽre, Homl. Skt. i. 21, 299. Hí þwógon ðone sáwlleásan líchaman, 20, 97. Magoþegna bær ðone sélestan sáwolleásne, Beo. Th. 2817; B. 1406. Sáwulleásne, 6059; B. 3033. Sáwelleásne, Exon. Th. 329, 21; Vy. 37. Héht ðá ásettan sáwlleásne, lífe belidenes líc on eorþan, Elen. Kmbl. 1751; El. 877. II. without soul (v. sáwel, II):--On ðæs mannes sáwle is Godes anlícnyss, for ðam is se mann sélra ðonne ða sáwulleásan nýtenu, ðe nán andgit nabbaþ embe heora ágenne Scyppend, Hexam. 11; Norm. 18, 22.
sáwel-sceatt, es; m. An ecclesiastical due, to be paid for every deceased person to the clergy of the church to which he belonged, in consideration of the services performed by them in his behalf. It was to be paid before the funeral rites were completed, though the regulation would hardly be carried out in cases where grants of land were made. It appears to have been one of the objects of the early gilds, to provide for the payment of this fee:--Sáwlsceat vel syndrig Godes lác dano (dona?), Wrt. Voc. i. 28, 44. The passages dealing with the subject in the Laws are the following:--Ic wille ðæt míne geréfan gedón ðæt man ágife ða ciricsceattas and ða sáwlsceattas tó ðám stówum ðe hit mid riht tó gebirige, L. Ath. i. prm.; Th. i. 196, 9. Gelǽste man sáwlsceat (sául-, MS. A.) æt ǽlcan cristenan men tó ðam mynstre ðe hit tó gebyrige, L. Edg. 1, 5; Th. i. 264, 24. And sáulsceat is rihtast ðæt man symle gelǽste æt openum græfe; and gif man ǽnig líc of rihtscriftscíre elles hwár lecge, gelǽste man sáulsceat swá ðéh intó ðam mynstre ðe hit tó hýrde, L. Eth. v. 12; Th. i. 308, 4-7 : vi. 20-21; Th. i. 320, 4-8: ix. 13; Th. i. 342, 33: L. C. E. 13; Th. i. 368, 5-8. To the same effect it is said in Wulfstan's Homilies:--Eác wé lǽraþ ðæt cristenra manna gehwylc understande, ðæt hé æfter forþsíðe bútan sáwulsceatte ne licge on mynstre, ac gelǽste man á ðone sáwelsceat æt openum pytte, 118, 4-7. Sáulscat is rihtast ðæt man gelǽste aa æt openum græfe, 311, 12. The sáwelsceat is sometimes determined in amount by the will of the deceased:--Ic gean intó Élig . . . ðér mínes hláfordes líchoma rest, ðara þreó landa ðe wit geheótan Gode . . . and ðes beáhges gemacan, ðe man sæalde mínum hláforde, tó sáwlescæatte, Chart. Th. 524, 14-30. See too Shrn. 159, and Turner's Anglo-Saxons, bk. vii. c. xiv. Kemble, Cod. Dip. i. lxii, remarks that in lands leased by the Church, and exclusively in such, there is frequently a stipulation for the payment of sáwelsceat. For the practice in the case of gilds, see Chart. Th. 609, 10-18:--Æt ǽlcum forðfarenum gildan æt ǽlcum heorþe ǽnne penig tó sáwulsceote, sé hit bonda, sé hit wíf, ðe on ðam gildscipe sindon; and ðat sáwulgesceot sceulon ða canonicas habban, and swilce þénisce dón for hig swilce hig ágon tó dóne.
sáwel-scot. v. preceding word (the last passage).
sáwel-þearf, e; f. What is necessary or beneficial for the soul :-- Ic wes smeágende ymb míne sáulþearfe, Chart. Th. 474, 18.
sáwend, es; m. A sower :-- Ðe sédere ɫ sáwend seminans, Mk. Skt. Rush. 4, 3. Se sáwena (sáwend?) qui seminat, Mt. Kmbl. Rush. 13, 3. Gehéraþ gelícnisse ðæs sáwendes audite parabolam seminantis, 13, 18. Cf. leóhtsáwend lucisator, Germ. 389, 2.
sáwere, es; m. A sower :-- Út eode se sáwere his sǽd tó sáwenne, Mt. Kmbl. A. 13, 3. v. word-, wróht-sáwere.
sáwlian; p. ode To give up the ghost, expire :-- Hé ne geswác his gebeda óþ ðæt hé sáwlode, Homl. Th. ii. 518, 1. Flaccus hét ðone preóst beswingan óþ ðæt hé sáwlode, Homl. Skt. i. 10, 291. Sóna swá hé ðyder com swá sáwlode ðæt mǽden, 22, 101: Homl. As. 59, 202. v. next word.
sáwlung, e; f. The giving up the ghost, expiring :-- Cwæð sum hálig biscop ðá hé wæs on sáwlenga be ðeossum fæder: Arsenius ðú wǽre eádig forðon ðú hæfdest á ðás tíd beforan ðínum eágum a certain holy bishop, when he was expiring, said of this father: 'Arsenius, blessed wert thou, for ever hadst thou this hour (the hour of death) before thine eyes.' Shrn. 106, 26.
sca-; scá-, scǽ-; scæ-. v. scea-; sceá-; scea-, sce-.
scaed, Wrt. ii. 120, 8. v. sceabb.
scǽnan; p. de To break :-- Ðá cómon ða cempan, and sóna ðæra sceaðena sceancan tóbrǽcon. Hí gemétton Crist deádne, and his hálgan sceancan scǽnan ne dorston, Homl. Th. ii. 260, 10. Ða gemettan ne móston ðæs lambes bán scǽnan, ne ða cempan ne móston tóbrecan his (Christ's) hálgan sceancan, 282, 7. [Helmes gullen . . . sceldes gunnen scenen, Laym. 31234. Breken brade sperren, bordes scænden, 5186. Cf. (?) Icel. skeina to scratch, wound slightly.] v. ge-, tó-scǽnan.
Scald the Schelde :-- Hér fór se here up on Scald, Chr. 883; Erl. 82, 15.
Scariothisc; adj. Of Scariot :-- Judas se Scariothisca; forðon hé com of ðæm túne ðe Scariot hátte, Blickl. Homl. 69, 5: Mk. Skt. Lind. Rush. 14, 43.
scaþel, Dóm. L. 30, 58. v. staþel.
sceáb, sceaba. v. sceáf, sceafa.
sceabb, scæb, sceb, es; m. Scab, a scab :-- Scaed (scaeb?) scara (scara vulneris crusta, Du Cange. Cf. Span. escara the scurf or scar of a sore), Wrt. Voc. ii. 120, 8. Ðone leahtor ðe Grécas achoras (GREEK) nernnaþ, ðæt ys sceb (scæb, MS. B.), Lchdm. i. 322, 17. Wið sceb (scæb, MSS. H. B.), 150, 5: 316, 22. Wið sceab, 66, 21. Se hæfþ singalne sceabb se ðe nǽfre ne blinþ ungestæððignesse. Ðonne bí ðæm sceabbe swíðe ryhte sió hreófl getácnaþ ðæt wóhhǽmed jugem habet scabiem, cui carnis petulantia sine cessatione dominatur. Per scabiem recte luxuria designatur, Past. 11, 5; Swt. 70, 3-4. Gif hé hæfde singale sceabbas si jugem scabiem habens fuerit, 11, 1; Swt. 65, 6. [Ger. schabe scab, itch: Dan. skab: Swed. skabb.]
sceabbed; adj. Having scabs or sores :-- Sceabbede, ǽttren purulentus, Hpt. Gl. 519, 32.
sceacan, scacan; p. sceóc, scóc; pp. sceacen, scacen, scæcen. I. to shake (intrans.), quiver :-- Gerd from uinde styrende ɫ sceæcende, Mt. Kmbl. Lind. 11, 7. II. but generally used of rapid movement, (1) of living creatures, to flee, hurry off, go forth (cf. (?) colloquial shack to rove about):--Ðá sceóc hé on niht fram ðære fyrde him sylfum tó myclum bysmore he fled at night from the English army to his great disgrace, Chr. 992; Erl. 130, 32. Hé sceóc dígellíce of ðære byrig he hurried off secretly from the town, Homl. Th. ii. 154, 12. Sceócon módige maguþegnas morþres on luste they hurried on lusting for murder, Andr. Kmbl. 2280; An. 1141. Hé behét ðæt hé nǽfre siððan of ðam mynstre sceacan nolde he promised that he would not leave the monastery in a hurry again, Homl. Th. ii. 176, 28. Hwí woldest ðú sceacan bútan mínre gewitnisse cur ignorante me fugere voluistil? Gen. 31, 27. Deófol ongon on fleám sceacan, Exon. Th. 280, 17; Jul. 630; Judth. Thw. 25, 34; Jud. 292. Hí gewiton in forwyrd sceacan they hurried to perdition, Andr. Kmbl. 3187; An. 1596. On gerúm sceacan, Exon. Th. 401, 20; Rä. 21, 14. On lyft scacan, fleógan ofer foldan, Cd. Th. 280, 32; Sat. 263; Beo. Th. 3610; B. 1803. [Nes þer nan biscop þ̄ forð on his wæi ne scoc, na munec ne nan abbed þ̄ he an his wæi ne rad, Laym. 13246.] (2) of material things, to move quickly, to be flung, be displaced by shaking :-- Hwílum hára scóc forst of feaxe at times the hoar frost was thrown from my hair, Exon. 498, 26; Rä. 88, 7. Strǽla storm, strengum gebǽded, scóc ofer scyldweall, Beo. Th. 6227; B. 3118. (3) of immaterial things (time, life, thought, etc.), to pass, proceed, depart :-- Ðonne mín sceaceþ líf of líce when my life takes flight from the flesh, Beo. Th. 5478; B. 2742; Exon. Th. 327, 4; Wíd. 141. Swǽ giémeleáslíce oft sceacaþ úre geþohtas from ús ðæt wé his furðum ne gefrédaþ curae vitae ex sensu negligenti quasi nobis non sentientibus procedunt, Past. 18, 7; Swt. 138, 20. Seó tíd gewát sceacan time passed on. Cd. Th. 9, 2; Gen. 135. Is nú worn wintra sceacen, Elen. Kmbl. 1263; El. 633. Ðá wæs dæg sceacen, Beo. Th. 4602; B. 2306, 5448; B. 2727. Ðá wæs winter scacen, 2277; B. 1136. Wæs hira blǽd scacen their glory had departed, 2253; B. 1124. Biþ se wén scæcen, Exon. Th. 50, 23; Cri. 805. Biþ his líf scæcen, 329, 25; Vy. 39. Biþ týr scecen, 447, 27; Dóm. 45. III. to shake (trans.) :-- Ic sceace (scace, scæce) concutio, Ælfc. Gr. 28, 4; Zup. 169, 7. Gúðweard gumena wælhlencan sceóc, Cd. Th. 188, 31; Exod. 176. Sceacas (scæcas, Rush.) ðæt asca of fótum iúrum excubite te pulverem de pedibus vestris, Mk. Skt. Lind. 6, 11. Wæs sceacen vibratur, Germ. 401, 47. IV. to weave (cf. bregdan) :-- Scecen wé plumemus (cf. windan plumemus, 83, 78; plumarium opus dicitur quod ad modum plumarum texitur, Du Cange), Wrt. Voc. ii. 66, 80. [O. Sax. skakan to depart; ellior skók he died: cf. O. H. Ger. untscachondes flutivagi, Grff. vi. 412: Icel. skaka to shake (trans.).] v. á-, of-, on-, óþ-, tó-sceacan.
sceacdóm (P)UNCERTAIN, es; m. Flight, hurried departure :-- Nolde ná Iacob cýðan his scæcdóm (sæcdóm, Thw.) his sweore noluit Jacob confiteri socero suo, quod fugeret, Gen. 31, 20. v. preceding word.
sceacel, es; m. I. a shackle :-- Sceacul vel bend columbar, Wrt. Voc. i. 16, 44. II. the word also glosses plectrum :-- Scecele oððe slegele scecen wé plectra plumemus, ii. 66, 78-80. Sceacelas plectra, 89, 10. [Prompt. Parv. schakkyl numella. Ancren schulen ine so wide scheakeles pleien ine hevuene . . . Þet tet bodi schal beon hwar so euer þe gost wule in one hondhwule, A. R. 94, 25. O. Du. schakel the link or ring of a chain: Icel. skökull the pole of a carriage: Swed. skakel the loose shaft of a carriage: Dan. skagle a trace for a carriage.] v. sweor-sceacel; sceacan.
sceácere, es; m. A robber :-- Þeáf and sceácere fur et latro, Jn. Skt. Lind. 10, 1. Þeáfas and sceácaras fures et latrones, Mt. Kmbl. p. 8, I. Mið sceácerum (sceácrum, Rush.) i UNCERTAIN mið sétnern UNCERTAIN cum seditiosis, Mk. Skt. Lind. 15, 7. [O. H. Ger. scáhháre latro; scáh latrocinium, praeda: O. Frs. skák booty; skéka to rob: Du. schaak abduction.] v. next word.
sceacga, an; m. The hair of the head; cf. shaggy :-- Feax, sceacga coma, Wrt. Voc. ii. 22, 56. [Cf. Icel. skegg the beard: Dan. skæg: Swed. skägg.] v. next word.
sceacged; adj. Having hair on the head, shagged :-- Sceacgede comosus, Wrt. Voc. ii. 22, 71. Sceagode, 132, 7. [Cf. Icel. skeggjaðr bearded.] v. preceding word.
sceac-líne, sceacness, sceacul. v. sceát-líne, on-sceacness, sceacel.
scead, es; m. ? :-- Siblingchyrst and Trowincsceadas and Rocisfald, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. iii. 123, 8.
scead, scæd, scad, sced, es; n. Shade; fig. shelter, protection :-- Æfter sceades sciman, Salm. Kmbl. 233; Sal. 116. Scedes, Cd. Th. 271, 15; Sat. 106. On sceade (scade, MS. B.) áhón. Lchdm. i. 284, 21. On ðam sceade his geteldes in abscondito tabernaculi sui, Ps. Th. 26, 6. Manna bearn hopiaþ tó ðæm sceade ðínra fiðera filii hominum in protectione alarum tuarum sperabunt, 35, 8. Ðonne on sceade weaxeþ, Exon. Th. 214, 5; Ph. 234. Hé in scade weardaþ, on wudubearwe, wéste stówe, 209, 10; Ph. 168. Ðæt gé mec mid searocræftum under scæd scúfan mótan, 142, 20; Gú. 647. Sceadu beóþ bidyrned, ðǽr se leóhta beám leódum byrhteþ, 67, 16; Cri. 1089. Sceadu sweðerodon, Andr. Kmbl. 1672; An. 838. Sceado (sceaðo, MS.), Cd. Th. 184, 27; Exod. 113. Scadu, Exon. Th. 179, 16; Gú. 1262. Deorc deáþes sceadu dreógan, 8, 15; Cri. 118. Sunne ofer sceadu scíneþ, 212, 14; Ph. 210. Under sceadu bregdan to kill, Beo. Th. 1419; B. 707. Dæg ǽresta geseah deorc sceado sweart swiðrian, Cd. Th. 8, 33; Gen. 133. v. leáf-scead, sceadu.
sceád, scád, es; n. Shed (in water-shed), a division, distinction, reason, reckoning :-- Ðú scealt gyldan scád wordum thou shalt give an account (of thine actions) in words, Dóm. L. 73. [Haueð wit and schad bituhhe god and uuel, O. E. Homl. i. 255, 30. Snæd and skill, Orm. 5534. Niss bitwenen ʒutmc UNCERTAIN and hemm nan snæd i manness kinde, 6229, Schead ba of god and of uvel, Kath. 240. O. L. Ger. scéth discrimen: O. H. Ger. sceit discissio.] v. ge-, tó-, unge-sceád.
sceáda (sceáde; f. (?)), an; m. The top of the head, parting of the hair :-- Hé tófylleþ feaxes scádan conquassabit verticem capilli, Ps. Th. 67, 21. [Crulle was his heer, and as the gold it schon . . . Ful streyt and evene lay his joly schood. Miller's Tale, 130. The nayl y-dryven in the schode a-nyght. Knight's Tale, 1149. v. Halliwell's Dict. shed, and E. D. S. Pub. Lincolnshire, shed the parting of the hair. Cf. Prompt. Parv. schodynge of the heede discrimen: O. L. Ger. scéthlo, sceithlo vertex (capilli): O. H. Ger. sceitila vertex; fahs-sceitila cervix capilli.] v. preceding word.
sceádan, scádan; p. scéd, sceád (v. tó-sceádan); pp. sceáden. I. trans. (1) to separate, divide, make a line of separation between :-- Eádmund Myrce geeode swá Dor scádeþ, hwítan wylles geat and Humbra eá bráda brimstreám Edmund conquered Mercia, which Dor, Whitewell's gate, the river Humber, the broad estuary, divides (from Northumbria), Chr. 942; Erl. 116, 9. From Egypta éðelmearce swá Nilus sceádeþ, Cd. Th. 133, 10; Gen. 2208. Ðonne sceádene beóþ ða synfullan and ða sóðfæstan on ðam mǽran dæge, Exon. Th. 375, 33; Seel. 147. (2) to distinguish, decide :-- Scádeþ discriminet, Wrt. Voc. ii. 27, 20. Scádet, 93, 34. Ðonne biþ gǽsta dóm sceáden swá hí geworhtun ǽr then shall the spirits' doom be decided, according to their deserts, Exon. Th. 76, 2; Cri. 1233. Sceáden mǽl the appointed time (?), Beo. Th. 3882; B. 1939. (3) to scatter, shed :-- Nim beolonan sǽd sceád on gléda take seed of henbane, scatter it on gledes. Lchdm. ii 38, 1: 52, 2. Sceád (scád, MS. B.), i. 82, 7. Gníd tógædere and scád on, ii. 134, 3. Ðæt mela biþ gód on tó sceádenne, 94, 3. [See also the compounds (omitted in their proper places) :-- Besceád, 54, 21. Ofersceáde, 182, 2.] Tó scédende blód ad effundendum sanguinem, Ps. Spl. T. 13, 6. II. intrans. (1) to separate, divide, part :-- Tigelum sceádeþ hróstbeáges hróf (róf, MS.) the woodwork of the roof parts from the tiles. Exon. Th. 477, 29; Ruin. 31. Ðonne dæg and niht scáde when, day and night separate (at morning twilight), Lchdm. ii. 116, 19. Ðonne dæg and niht furþum scáde, 346, 14: 356, 6: iii. 6, 7. Ðonne dæg scáde and niht, ii. 138, 16. (2) to be distinguished, to differ :-- Scádaþ discrepent, Wrt. Voc. ii. 27, 1: 88, 39. (3) to scatter, shed :-- Ðonne sceádaþ ða wyrmas on ðæt wæter, Lchdm. ii. 38, 4. [He shodeð þe gode fro þe iuele, O. E. Homl. ii. 67, 24. Eiðer of þisse teres schedde þe apostel, i. 157, 33. Þe halwe men schedden teres, 157, 15. Redde blod scede (sadde, 2nd MS ), Laym. 5187. He shadde him fra menn, Orm. 3200. Shædenn hemm fra Criste, 1209. Tobrekeð hore uetles and schedeð hore clennesse, A. R. 166, 7. His blode þet he shedde for us, 312, 19. Scheaden þet chef urom þe clene cornes, 270, 27. Blod isched, 402, 21. So wurð ligt fro ðisternesse o sunder sad, Gen. and Ex. 58. On sunder shad, 148. Goth. skaidan to divide, separate: O. Sax. skédan, skéthan trans, and intrans.)ERROR to separate: O. L. Ger. scéthan, sceithan: O. Frs. skéda, skétha to separate, to decide: O. H. Ger. sceidan separare, segregare, discernere, distinguere, discriminare, judicare.] v. á-, for-, ge-, tó- (be-, ofer-, v. I. 3 above) sceádan.
sceadd a shad :-- Ic geann Ælfhelme and Wulfáge ðæra landa betwux Ribbel and Mærse and on Wirhalum . . . on ðæt gerád ðonne sceaddgenge sý ðæt heora ǽgðer sylle .iii. þúsend sceadda intó ðære stówe æt Byrtúne I grant to Ælfhelm and Wulfeah the lands between the Ribble and the Mersey, and in Wirral . . . on the condition that, when shad are in season, each of them give .iii. thousand shad to the convent at Burton, Chart. Th. 544, 21-31.
sceadd-genge; adj. Seasonable for shad. v. preceding word.
sceáde-sealf, e; f. A salve that may be shed on a place (? v. sceádan, I. 3), a medicinal powder :-- Sceádesealf tó eágum, Lchdm. ii. 300, 6. Wyrc góde dríge scádesealfe: nim gebærned sealt and piper and hwítewudu, gegníd tó duste ásift þurh cláð, dó lytlum on, 308, 22.
sceadiht; adj. Shady :-- Of munte scedehtum de monte umbroso, Ps. Surt. ii. p. 189, 16.
sceádlíce; adv. Reasonably, rationally :-- Gif hé gesceádlíce (sceádelice, Wells Frag.) mid eáðmódnesse and mid sóþre lufe hwilcu þing on mynstre tǽle si qua rationabiliter et cum humilitate caritatis reprehenderit, R. Ben. 109, 8. v. ge-, un-sceádlíce.
sceadu; gen. sceaduwe, sceadwe, sceade; f. Shadow, shade :-- Sceadu umbra, Wrt. Voc. i. 77, 8. I. a shadow (cast by an object) :-- Seó sceadu byþ tó underne seofon and twentigoþan healfes fótes the shadow (of the dial-gnomon) will be twenty-six and a half foot long at nine o'clock (on Christmas day), Lchdm. iii. 218, 4 (and often on this and following pages). Nis ðeós woruldlíce niht nán þing búton ðære eorþan sceadu betweox ðære sunnan and mankynne . . . Seó sceadu ástíhþ up óþ ðæt heó becymþ tó ðære lyfte ufeweardan, and ðonne beyrnþ se móna hwíltídum, ðonne hé full byþ, on ðære sceade ufeweardre and fággeteþ oððe mid ealle ásweartaþ, 240, 18-24. On India lande wendaþ heora scada (sceada, MSS. R. P.) on sumera súðweard and on wintra norðweard. Eft on Alexandria on dam sumerlícan sunn- stede on middæge ne byþ nán sceadu on nánre healfe, 258, 12-16. His sceadu gehǽlde ða untruman, Homl. Skt. i. 10, 19. Dagas míne swá swá scadu áhyldon, Ps. Spl. 101, 12: 143, 5. Swá ðú on scimiendre sceade lócige sicut umbra, Ps. Th. 143, 5. Dagas míne swá swá sceaduwa áhyldon, Ps. Lamb. 101, 12. II. shade as opposed to light, shadow (lit. and fig.), darkness :-- Ða ðe nán sceadu (scadu, Cott. MSS.) ne geþiestraþ ðære twiéfealdnesse quos nulla umbra duplicitatis obscurat, Past. 35, 4; Swt. 243, 23. Þýstro hæfdon bewrigen mid wolenum wealdendes hrǽw, sceadu forþeode wann under wolcnum, Rood Kmbl. 108; Kr. 54. Oferwreáh ús scadu deáþes, Ps. Spl. 43, 22. On midlunge sceaduwe dǽþes, 22, 4. On scade (sceaduwe, Ps. Lamb.) deáþes, 106, 10. Ðis andwearde líf is swíðe anlíc sceade, and on ðære sceade nán mon ne mæg begitan ða sóðan gesǽlþa, Bt. 27, 3; Fox 98, 19. On midde ða sceade deáþes, Ps. Th. 22, 4. Ðá gesundrode sigora Waldend leóht wið þeóstrum, sceade wið scíman, Cd. Th. 8, 22; Gen. 128. For hwon sécest ðú sceade, 54, 8; Gen. 874. III. shadow, protection :-- Under scaduwe fiðera ðínra gescyld mé, Ps. Spl. 16, 10. Hí slépon úte on triówa sceadum umbras dabat altissima pinus, Bt. 15; Fox 48, 12. IV. a shady place, shade, arbour :-- Scadu scena (cf. geteld scena vel tabernaculum, i. 37, 15), Wrt. Voc. ii. 119, 80. Sceadwe scenam, 80, 1. V. shadow as opposed to substance, an obscure image :-- Seó ealde ǽ wæs swilce sceadu, and seó níwe gecýðnys is sóðfæstnys, Homl. Th. i. 356, 1. Genóg ic ðé hæbbe nú gereht ymbe ða anlícnessa and ymbe ða sceadwa ðære sóðan gesǽlþe hactenus mendacis formam felicitatis ostendisse suffecerit, Bt. 33, 1; Fox 118, 34. [O. E. Homl. sceadewe, shadewe: A. R. scheadewe: Goth. skadus: O. Sax. skado: O. H. Ger. scato.] v. beám-, heolstor-, niht-, scúr-sceadu; scead.
sceadu-geard, es; m. A shady enclosure :-- Sceadugeardas Tempe, Wrt. Voc. ii. 122, 17.
sceadu-genga, an; m. One who walks in darkness (v. sceadu, II) :-- Com on wanre niht scríðan sceadugenga (Grendel), Beo. Th. 1410; B. 703. Cf. niht-genga.
sceadu-helm, es; m. The cover of night, darkness :-- Niht, scaduhelma gesceapu, Beo. Th. 1304; B. 650.
sceadwian, sceadewian; p. ode To cover with shadow :-- Hé scadewode (scaduaþ, Ps. Lamb.: sceadewede, Blickl. Gl.) obumbrabit, Ps. Spl. 90, 4. [Goth. ufar-skadwjan: O. Sax. skadowan, scadoian: O. L. Ger. scedeuuan: O. H. Ger. scatewen.] v. ofer-sceadwian; sceadwung.
sceádwíslíc. v. ge-, un-sceádwíslíc, and next word.
sceádwíslíce; adv. With discretion, rationally :-- Gif ðú him sceádwíslíce æfter spyrast, Bt. 13; Fox 38, 3. v. ge-sceádwíslíce.
sceádwísness, e; f. Reason :-- Ðá cwæþ seó Gesceádwísnes (Sceádwísnes, Cott. MS.), Bt. 5, 3; Fox 12, 1. Ic wéne ðæt hyt mín sceádwísnes (reason) wére, Shrn. 164, 29. Sceádwísnyssum ratiociniis, R. Ben. Interl. 17, 6.
sceadwung, e; f. An overshadowing :-- On sumum earde dagas beóþ lengran, on sumon scyrtran for ðære eorþan sceadewunge (sceadwunge, MS. R.) in one land days are longer, in another shorter, because of the way in which the shadow falls on the earth, Lchdm. iii. 258, 4. Se fulla móna fǽrlíce fágettaþ ðonne hé ðæs sunlícan leóhtes bedǽled biþ þurh ðære eorþan sceadwunge (by the casting of the earth's shadow), Homl. Th. i. 610, 1. v. be-sceadwung.
sceáf, es; m. A sheaf, bundle. I. in the following glosses :-- Sceáfes fascis, sceáfe fasculo (fascicule), Wrt. Voc. ii. 34, 62-63. Sceáfas areoli, 7, 16: garbas, 40, 60: garbas, manipulas, 89, 19. Sceabas, scébas areoli, Txts. 38, 30: garbas, 66, 468. Sceáfum fasciculis, Hpt. Gl. 520, 19. II. a sheaf (of corn) :-- Mé þúhte ðæt wé bundon sceáfas (manipulos) on æcere and ðæt mín sceáf árise ómiddan eówrum sceáfum and eówre gilmas ábugon tó mínum sceáfe, Gen. 37, 7. Gýme hé ðæt náðor ne misfare ne corn ne sceáf, Anglia ix. 260, 12. Mid his sceáfe sceát áfyllan, Ps. Th. 128, 5. Hé nǽnne sceáf (manipulum) ne rípþ, Past. 39, 2; Swt. 287, 3. Heora sceáfas (manipulos) beraþ, Ps. Th. 125, 6. II a. a bundle (of herbs) :-- Dippaþ ysopan sceáf (sceaft, Thw.) on ðam blóde fasciculum hyssopi tingite in sanguine, Ex. 12, 22. Syndrige sceáfas separate bundles (of rue, dill, mint, and marche), Lchdm. ii. 188, 24. Rúdan sceáfas þrý, 216, 2. [O. H. Ger. scoub: Ger. schaub: Du. schoof: Icel. skanf a fox's brush.]
sceafa, an; m. A plane :-- Sceaba runcina, Txts. 92, 853. Scafa olatrum. Wrt. Voc. i. 287, 11: ii. 64, 13. Hé sceal habban æcse, adsan, scafan, sage, Anglia ix. 263, 2. [Prompt. Parv. schave or schavynge knyfe scalpellum, scalprum: O. H. Ger. scaba plana, asperella: Ger. schabe: Du. schaaf a plane: Icel. skafa a scraper.] v. mǽlsceafa, sceafan.
Sceáfa, an; m. The name of a king of the Lombards :-- Sceáfa weóld Longbeardum, Exon. Th. 320, 21; Víd. 33. See also Scyld Scéfing, Beo. Th. 7; B. 4.
sceafan, scafan; p. scóf; pp. sceafen, scafen To shave, scrape, shred, polish :-- Scaebe poleo, Wrt. Voc. ii. 117, 63. Gif hé ðæt ómige fæt mid ungemete scæfþ dam nimis cupit eradere eruginem, R. Ben. 121, 4. Hé scóf on halig wæter of ðam hálgan treówe, Swt. A. S. Rdr. 102, 216. Man scóf ðæra bóca leáf and ða sceafþan dyde on wæter rasa folia codicum, et ipsam rasuram aquae immissam, Bd. 1, 1; S. 474, 37. Monige men sprytlan ácurfon and on wæter scófan, 3, 17; S. 544, 45, col. 1. Sceaf (scaf, MS. B.) gáte horn on þrý scenceas, Lchdm. i. 352, 11: 344, 13. Sceafe ðæt gréne, ii. 292, 26. Ðú scealt hine scafan on wæter . . . and ðære reádan eorþan dǽl scafe ðǽrtð, ii. 290, 11-13. [Goth. skaban: O. L. Ger. scavan scalpere: O. H. Ger. scaban, scapan scabere, scalpers, radere: Icel. skafa.] v. á-, be-, ge-sceafan (-scafan).
sceáf-fót; adj. Splay-footed :-- Scábfoot, scaabfót, scáffo[o]t pansa, Txts. 90, 832. Scáffót, Wrt. Voc. i. 288, 78. [Cf. Icel. skeifr askew, oblique; skeifa a horse-shoe.]
sceáf-mǽlum; adv. In sheaves or bundle: :-- Gadriaþ ǽrest ðone coccel, and bindaþ sceáfmǽlum, Mt. Kmbl. 13, 30.
sceafoþa, sceafþa, scæfþa, an; m. (or -e; f. ?) A shaving, chip, what is shaved, scraped, or rubbed of :-- Ðá gehálgode ic wæter and scæfþan dyde on ðæs foresprecenan treówes tunc benedixi aquam, et astulam roboris praefati inmittens, Bd. 2, 13; S. 539, 5. Ða scæfþan ðe ðǽron genumene wǽron lǽcedóm bǽron astulae de illo abscissae solent adferre medelam, 4, 6; S. 574, 9. Man scóf ðara bóca leáf and ða sceafþan (ipsam rasuram) dyde on wæter, 1, 1; S. 474, 38. Monige spónas and sceafþan (astulas) nimaþ, 3, 2; S. 524, 31: 3, 17; S. 544, 44, col. 2. Genim heorotes sceafoþan of ðam horne, Lchdm. ii. 72, 13. Genim heorotes sceafoþan of felle áscafen mid pumice, 100, 14.
sceaft, es; m. A smooth, round, straight stick or pole, a shaft. I. generally (1) the shaft of a spear (cf. Icel. skaft the shaft, spjót the point) :-- Spereleás sceaft contus, Wrt. Voc. i. 35, 42. Gif se ord sié þreó fingre ufor ðonne hindeweard sceaft, L. Alf. pol. 36; Th. i. 84, 17, 18. His sceaft ætstód ætforan him, and ðæt hors hine bær forþ, swá ðæt ðæt spere him eode þurh út, Homl. Skt. i. 12, 53. Hé sceáf, mid his scylde, ðæt se sceaft tóbærst, and ðæt spere sprengde, Byrht. Th. 135, 52; By. 136. Gár sceal on sceafte, ecg on sweorde, Exon. Th. 346, 12; Gn. Ex. 202. [He igrap his spere stronge . . . þe scæft al tobrac, Laym. 6494.] Or (2) a spear :-- Sceaft asta, quiris, Wrt. Voc. i. 35, 18: 84, 24. Ðes sceft (scæft, sceaft) cuspis, Ælfc. Gr. 9, 28; Zup. 56, 4. Scyld sceal cempan, sceaft reáfere, Exon. Th. 341, 23; Gn. Ex. 130. Scæftes ɫ speres ðínes hastae tuae, Cant. Ab. 11. Ðæt yrre ðæt geþyld mid ðam sceafte (mid his spere, B.) slihþ ira patientiam conto percutit, Glos. Prud. A. 18. Scyld sceft oncwyð, Fins. Th. 12; Fin. 7. Hlyn wearð on wícum scylda and sceafta, Cd. Th. 124, 13; Gen. 2062. Deáwig sceaftum, 199, 25; Exod. 344. Hig bǽron lange sceaftas, and ne cóman hig ná tó feohtanne, ac ðæt hig woldan mid hlóþe geniman, Shrn. 38, 9. II. the shaft of an arrow :-- Sceaft feðergearwum fús, Beo. Th. 6228; B. 3118. [Þe ssaft (the arrow that killed William Rufus), þat was wyþoute, gryslych he tobrec, R. Glouc. 419, 2.] III. a pole :-- Fana hwearfode scír on sceafte, Met. 1. 11. Ic gegaderode mé stuþan sceaftas . . . Ic lǽre ǽlcne ðara ðe manigne wǽn hæbbe, ðæt hé menige tó ðam ilcan wuda ðár ic ðás stuþan sceaftas cearf, Shrn. 163, 5-14. [Moyses made a wirme of bras, And henget hege up on a saft, Gen. and Ex. 3899.] III a. something shaped like a shaft, a taper :-- Swá swá eles gecynd biþ ðæt hé beorhtor scíneþ ðonne wex on sceafte (wax in the form of a taper or (?) a wax candle in a candlestick, cf. candelstæf), Blickl. Homl. 129, 1. IV. The word occurs in the passage that defines the distance to which the king's 'grið' extended, but the origin of the phrase, of which it forms part, is not evident :-- Ðus feor sceal beón ðæs cinges grið fram his burhgeate ðǽr hé is sittende on feówer healfe his, ðæt is, .iii. míla, and .iii. furlang, and .iii. æcera brǽde, and .ix. fóta, and .ix. scæfta munda, and .ix. berecorna, L. Ath. iv. 5; Th. i. 224, 7-10. Cf. Tria miliaria, et .iii. quarantene, et .ix. acre latitudine, et .ix. pedes, et .ix. palme, et .ix. grana hordei, L. H. i. 16; Th. i. 526, 15. As the name of a measure of about six inches the phrase continued to exist. Stratmann gives schaftmonde, Nares cites a passage from Harrington's Ariosto in which shaftman occurs; in Ray's Collection (1691) shafman, shafmet, shaftment is explained 'the measure of the fist with the thumb set up.' v. also Halliwell's Dict., and Jamieson's, s.v. schaftmon, shathmont. For the latter form see Sir W. Scott's Antiquary, c. 8 (at the end). [O. Sax. skaft a spear: O. H. Ger. scafe hostile, hasta, jaculum, telum, arundo: Icel. skapt, skaft a shaft, haft (of an axe).] v. deoreþ-, here-, lóh, wæl-sceaft.
sceaft, es; m.: e, f. I. creation, origin :-- Ealle sint emnæðele gif wé willaþ þone fruman sceaft geþencan and ðone Scippend . . . Ac ǽlc mon ðe allunga underþeóded biþ unþeáwum forlǽt his Sceppend and his fruman sceaft si primordia vestra auctoremque Deum spectes, nullis degener exstat, ni vitiis pejora favens proprium deserat ortum, Bt. 30, 2; Fox 110, 17-21. II. a creation, what is created, a creature :-- Ealre sceafte fæder omniparens, Germ. 389, 2. Fram fruman gesceafte (scæftes, Lind.) ab initio creaturae, Mk. Skt. 10, 6. Of frymmðe ðære gesceafte (ðæs sceæftes, Lind.) ðe God gesceóp ab initio creaturae quam condidit Deus, 13, 19. Bodiaþ godspell ealre gesceafte (éghwelcum sceafte, Lind.) praedicate euangelium omni creaturae, 16, 15. Gif God næfde on eallum his ríce náne frige sceaft (gesceaft, Cott. MS.), Bt. 41, 2; Fox 244, 29. Forðæm sint ðás sceafta (gesceafta, Cott. MS.), 41, 5; Fox 252, 30. Alra þinga ɫ sceafta omnium rerum, Mt. Kmbl. p. 12, 16. [Our schaft wele knawes he ipse scit figmentum nostrum, Ps. 102, 14. Godd þatt alle shaffte wrohhte, Orm. pref. 58. Swilc safte (the tabernacle) was ear neuere on werlde brogt, Gen. and Ex. 3628. For be a man faire or foule 'it falleth nouʒte for to lakke þe shappe ne þe shafte' þat God shope hymselue, Piers P. B. 11, 387. O. Sax. -skaft: O. H. Ger. -scaft.] v. ǽr-, ed-, frum-, ge-, geó-, hyge-, meotud-, nafel-, orleg-, self-, un-, wan-sceaft.
Sceaftes-burh Shaftesbury in Dorset:--Æt Sceaftesbyrig, Chr. 1036; Erl. 164, 9. Tó Scæftesbyrig, 980; Erl. 129, 34. See also Cod. Dip. Kmbl. vi. 329, col. 1.
sceaft-lóha, an; m. (or -e; f.?) The strap attached to the shaft of a missile :-- Scaeptlóan hastilia telorum, Txts. 66, 489. Sceptlóum amentis, 42, 106. v. lóh-sceaft, mæst-lón, sceaft-tog.
sceaft-tog (?) the strap attached to the shaft of a missile :-- Sceptog ammentum, Wrt. Voc. ii. 100, 11. v. sceaft-lóha.
sceaga, an; m. A shaw, small wood, copse, thicket. The word is found in many local names, and was preserved in various dialects, e. g. shaw a small shady wood in a valley, E. D. S. Pub. B. 7 (West Riding): a wood that encompasses a close, B. 16 (Sussex). Shaws broad belts of underwood, two, three, and even four rods wide, around every field, Farming words, 4 (Sussex). Shaw a natural copse of wood, Cumberland. The word occurs in the following passages of charters:--Juxta silvam quam dicunt Toccansceaga, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. i. 121, 24. Mariscum uocabulo Scaga, quam etiam circumfluit Iaegnlaad, 190, 6: 160, 28. On brémeles sceagan eásteweardne, ii. 172, 28. On ðone langan sceagan westeweardne; of langan sceagan on ðæt hǽðene byrgils, iii. 85, 19-20. Onbútan færsscagan, 229, 29. Rihte út þurh ðone sceagan óþ ða lége, 406, 27. Of ðære byrig þwyres ofer ðane sceagan, 460, 2. Þurh Beaddes scagan, v. 166, 10. [At a schaʒe syde, Gaw. 2161. In a schaʒe (the reference is to the gourd under which Jonah sat) þat schade ful cole, Allit. Pms. 105, 452. Wodschaweʒ, 9, 284. For love of hym thou lovedst in the shawe, I mene Adon, Tr. and Cr. 3, 671. Thane schotte owtte of þe schawe schiltrounis many, Mort. A. 1765. In ʒone dyme schawes, 1723. See also Halliwell's Dict. and Nares' Glossary. Cf. (?) Icel. skaga to project.]
sceál, scál (?) a shoal, troop, band :-- Ic be hondum mót hǽðenre (-ra?) sceál grípan tó grunde, Godes andsacan, Cd. Th. 281, 8; Sat. 268. Cf. Mid his handscále, Beo. Th. 2638; B. 1317.
scealc, es; m. I. a servant :-- Eálá ic eom ðín ágen esne Dryhten and ðín swylce eom scealc ombehte (cf. ambeht-scealc) and ðíure þeówan suna O Domine, quia ego servus tuus, ego servus tuus, et filius ancillae tuae, Ps. Th. 115, 6. Ic eom ðín hold scealc tuus sum ego, 118, 94. Dó ðínes scealces (servi) sáwle blíðe, 85, 3. Tó scealce in servum, 104, 15. Hǽl ðínne scealc salvum fac servum tuum, 85, 2: 88, 17. Hé Moyses sende his sylfes scealc misit Moysen servum suum, 104, 22. Beseoh on ðíne scealcas respice in servos tuos, 89, 18. Babilone weard hét his scealcas scúfan ða hyssas in bǽlblyse, Cd. Th. 230, 10; Dan. 231. II. as a term of reproach:--Ðá hine heówon hǽðene scealcas, Byrht. Th. 137, 5; By. 181. Hwílum ic gehére helle scealcas, gnorniende cynn, Cd. Th. 273, 8; Sat. 133. III. a man, soldier, sailor :-- Scealc (Beowulf) hafaþ dǽde gefremede, ðe wé ealle ǽr ne meahton, Beo. Th. 1883; B. 939. Eode scealc monig swíðnicgende tó sele searowundor seón, 1841; B. 918. Hú mæg ðæt gesceádwís scealc (cf. gesceádwís mon, Bt. 28; Fox 100, 30) gereccan, ðæt hé him ðý sélra þince, Met. 15, 14. Brugdon scealcas (the Jews who defeated the Assyrians) of sceáðum scírmǽled swyrd, Judth. Thw. 24, 38; Jud. 230. Næs scealca nán there was no one, Met. 8, 21. Scipu mid scealcum ships with their crews, Exon. Th. 362, 3; Wal. 31. [Þer wes moni bald scalc (cniht, 2nd MS.), Laym. 19126. Heo wenden bi þen scelden þat hit heore scalkes (men, 2nd MS.) weoren, 4219. Schalk a knight, Gaw. 160. Goth. skalks GREEK: O. Sax. skalk servus: O. Frs. skalk a servant, slave: O. H. Ger. scalch servus, famulus, manceps: Icel. skálkr a rouge. v. Grmm. R. A. 302, and Grff. vi. 480 sqq. for compounds.] v. ambeht-, beór-, freoðo-scealc.
sceald-húlas glosses paupilius, Wrt. Voc. ii. 116, 21. v. next word.
sceald-þýfel (-hýfel), es; m. A thicket :-- Scaldthýflas, scald[t]hýblas alga, alge; scaldhýflas vel sondhyllas alga, Txts. 38, 58. 'Scaldhýflas alga, scaldhúlas paupilius, are errors. Scealdþýfelas, fruteta, thickets, occurs in Greg. Dial.' Lchdm. iii. 343, col. 2. [Cf. (?) O. H. Ger. scald sacer; scald-eiche ilex: and see Grmm. D. M. 615.]
scealfor, e; f.: scealfra, an; m. A diver (bird):--Scalfr, scalfur mergulus, Txts. 78, 647. Scealfr mergus, Wrt. Voc. i. 29, 13. Scealfor turdella, mergula, 63, 15, 16: mergulus, 280, 11: ii. 56, 18: 89, 54. Scealfra mergus vel mergulus, i. 77, 27. Grǽdigre scelfre voracis mergulae, Hpt. Gl. 418, 70. Ðá geseah hé swymman scealfran on flóde, and gelóme doppettan ádúne tó grunde éhtende þearle ðære eá fixa . . . Ðá hét Martinus ða fugelas ðæs fixnoðes geswícan, and tó wéstene síðian; and ða scealfran gewiton áweg tó holte, Homl. Th. ii. 516, 6-12.
scealga, scylga, an; m. The name of a fish :-- Scealga rocea, Wrt. Voc. i. 77, 67. Scylga, 55, 77.
sceallan, scallan; pl. Testiculi, Lchdm. i. 330, 13: 336, 15: 358, 21.
scealu, e; f. I. a shell, husk :-- Scealu glumula, Wrt. Voc. ii. 40, 23. Scalu, scala, Txts. 66, 462. Scale ɫ hule glumula, Hpt. Gl. 439, 50. v. æpel-, beán-, stán-scealu. II. a platter, dish, cup :-- .VI. mæsene sceala, Chart. Th. 429, 30. III. the scale of a balance :-- Ðeós wǽge ɫ scalu haec lanx, Ælfc. Gr. 9, 73; Som. 14, 18. Scale lanx, twá scale balances, Wrt. Voc. i. 38, 39-40. v. wǽg-scealu. [O. Sax. skala a drinting-vessel: O. L. Ger. scala concha: O. H. Ger. scala patera, cratera, concha, gluma: Icel. skál a bowl, a scale (of a balance).]
sceám, es; m. A white horse (?):--Etsomne cwom .LX. monna wicgum rídan, hæfdon .XI. eoredmacgas frídhengestas, IIII. sceámas (cf. (?) hyra bloncan, 405, 5; Rä. 23, 18), Exon. Th. 404, 8; Rä. 23, 4.
sceam-fæst; adj. Shamefast (corrupted later into shamefaced. v. 1 Tim. 2, 9 where Wicklif has schamefastnesse, the modern copies of the A. V. shamefacedness; the Revised Version has restored shamefastness), modest, bashful :-- Scamfæst verecundus vel pudens, Wrt. Voc. i. 51, 31. Sceamfæst verecundus, 86, 56. Seó scamfæste næcednys pudibunda (pudica .i. erubescens) nuditas, Hpt. Gl. 492, 53. Mǽden is sceamfæst, Lchdm. iii. 188, 6. Scamfæst, 192, 2. On óðre wísan sint tó lǽranne ða scamleásan, on óðre ða scamfæstan (verecundi), Past. 31; Swt. 205, 21. [Sannte Marʒe wass shammfæst, Orm. 2175. Wyfmen þet byeþ ssamuest, Ayenb. 222, 20. Schamefast chastite, Chauc. Kn. T. 1197. Schamefast verecundus, pudorosus, Prompt. Parv. 443.] v. un-sceamfæst.
sceam-full; adj. Modest, chaste :-- Sceomfull pudica, Rtl. 108, 25. Sceomfullre verecundia, 110, 3. [Schrift schal beon . . . edmod, scheomeful, dredful, A. R. 302, 23. Dan. skam-fuld shamefaced, ashamed. Chaucer uses the word in its modern sense ignominious, As shamful deeth as herte may deusye Come to these Juges, C. T. Group C. 290.]
sceamfullness, e; f. Modesty; pudicitia. v. un-sceamfullness.
sceamian; p. ode. I. to feel shame, be ashamed (with gen. of cause):--Ic ðæs nǽfre ne sceamige non erubescam, Ps. Th. 24, 1. Ne ic ne scamige nec confundar, Ps. Spl. 30, 20. Gif wé scomiaþ ðæt wé tó uncúðum monnum suelc sprecen si homo apud hominem, de quo minime praesumit, fieri intercessor erubescit, Past. 10, 2; Swt. 63, 5. Weorðaþ gescende and hiora scamiaþ ða tó Sione hete hæfdon confundantur et revereantur, qui oderunt Sion, Ps. Th. 128, 3. Ná ic ne scamode non confundebar, Ps. Spl. 118, 46. Ðiós sǽ cwið ðæt ðú ðín scamige Sidon erubesce Sidon, ait mare, Past. 52, 8; Swt. 409, 33. Hit is cyn ðæt wé úre scomigen, 52, 4; Swt. 407, 15. Sceamian heora ealle míne fýnd erubescant omnes inimici mei, Ps. Th. 6, 8. Scamien, 69, 3. Scamien (confundantur) heora ealle ða unrihtwísan, 24, 3. Heora æfstu ealle sceamien, 69, 4. For hwí hí ne mágan heora má sceamigan ðonne fægnian? Bt. 30, 1; Fox 108, 7. Nó hé ðære feohgyfte scamigan þorfte, Beo. Th. 2057; B. 1026. Ðú ne þearft sceamian, Soul Kmbl. 286; Seel. 147. For hwon sécest ðú sceade sceomiende? Cd. Th. 54, 8; Gen. 874. Sceomiande man sceal in sceade hweorfan, Exon. Th. 337, 19; Gn. Ex. 67. Ða deóflu wendon sceamigende áweg, Wulfst. 236, 26. Hý (Beowulf's followers who had failed him in his need) scamiende scyldas bǽron, ðǽr se gomela læg, Beo. Th. 5692; B. 2850. II. to cause shame (used impersonally with dat. or acc. of person, gen. of cause, or with for, or the cause given in a clause):--Mé sceamaþ pudet, Ælfc. Gr. 33; Som. 37, 22. Oft ðone geþyldegestan scamaþ ðæs siges ðe hí ofer ðone dióful hæfde, Past. 33, 7; Swt. 227, 19. Menn scamaþ for gódan dǽdan swýðor ðonne for misdǽdan, Wulfst. 164, 16. Ðæs ús ne scamaþ ná, ac ðæs ús scamaþ swýðe, ðæt wé bóte áginnan, 165, 39. Hý scamaþ, ðæt hý bétan heora misdǽda, 165, 8. Ða woroldlecan lǽcas scomaþ, ðæt. . ., Past. 1, 1; Swt. 25, 20. Mé sceamaþ ðæt ic wædlige mendicare erubesco, Lk. Skt. 16, 3. Gehwam sceamaþ, ðæt hé wáclíce gescrýd cume, Homl. Th. i. 528, 21. Him ðæs sceamode, 18, 12: Gen. 2, 25. Ðá sceamode ealle his wiðerwinnan, Lk. Skt. 13, 17. Hwá biþ gescended, ðæt mé for ðæm ne scamige? Past. 21, 6; Swt. 165, 5. Forgif ús úre synna, ðæt ús ne scamige eft, Hy. 7, 84. Ne sceamige nánum men, ðæt hé ánum láreow his gyltas cýðe . . . him sceal sceamian ætforan Gode, Homl. Th. ii. 602, 30. Ðæt mé ne sceamie non erubescam, Ps. Th. 24, 18. Hú ne scolde hire sceamian nonne debuerat rubore suffundi? Num. 12, 14. Ðonne fægniaþ hí ðæs ðe hí sceamian sceolde, Bt. 30, tit.; Fox xvi, 6. Ðonne mæg hine scamian ðære brǽdinge his hlísan, 19; Fox 68, 24: Met. 10, 13. Ne þearf ðé ðæs eaforan sceomigan, Cd. Th. 140, 14; Gen. 2327. [Goth. skaman (reflex, with gen.): O. L. Ger. scamón: O. H. Ger. scamón, scamén: Icel. skamma to shame; skammask to be ashamed.] v. á-, for-, e-, of-, on-sceamian.
sceamisc; adj. Of which one is to be ashamed; pudendus:--Scamescan lim veretrum, Wrt. Voc. ii. 96, 54.
sceam-leás; adj. Shameless, bold; impudent, wanton:--Scamleás impudens, Wrt. Voc. i. 47, 45. Scamleás frontosa, Hpt. Gl. 506, 77. Scamlease procax, 525, 57. Scomleás impudens, Wrt. Voc. ii. 44, 38. Selæ-acute;ce biþ micles tó beald and tó scomleás (praesumtione percussus) ðe gæ-acute;þ læ-acute;cnigende, and hæf þ on his ágnum nebbe opene wunde unlácnode. Past. 9, 2; Swt. 61, 3. Of ðysse scamleásan scylde geclæ-acute;nsa mé a delicto meo munda me, Ps. Th. 50, 3. On óðre wísan sint tó læ-acute;ranne ða scamleásan (impudentes), on óðre ða scamfæstan . . . Ðone scamleásan mon mæg ðý bet gebétan ðe hine mon suíður þreáþ, Past. 31, 1; Swt. 205, 21-207, 5. Ðú hine ongeáte swíðe sceamleásne búton æ-acute;lcum gódum þeáwe, Bt. 27, 2; Fox 96, 18. God ða sceamleásan (the people of Sodom) fordyde, Gen. 19, 24. [O. H. Ger. scama-lós impudens, procax: Icel. skammlauss without disgrace.]
sceamleás-líc; adj. Shameless, wanton :-- Dauit wæs mid oferméttum gewundad, and ðæt gecýðde on Urias slæge, for ðære scamleáslecan gewilnunge his wífes, Past. 3, 2; Swt. 35, 24.
sceamleáslíce; adv. Shamelessly, impudently :-- Be ðám Sodomitiscum þe ongeán gecynd sceamleáslíce syngodon, Boutr. Scrd. 22, 38. Hí swíðe grǽdilíce eorþcundum lustum filigaþ and oft swíðe sceamleáslíce on manna gesyhþe, R. Ben. 139, 28. Hié scamleáslíce gielpaþ ðisses hwílendlícan onwaldes improbe de temporali potestate gloriantur, Past. 19, 2; Swt. 145, 9. Swá hé scamleáslícor his yfel cýð (impudenter innotescif), 55, I; Swt. 427, 25.
sceamleást, e; f. Shamelessness, want of modesty, impudence, lasciviousness :-- Sceamleást impudicitia, Mk. Skt. 7, 22. Scamléstan (-léste?) impudentiam, Hpt. Gl. 526, 7.
sceam-líc; adj. I. shamefast, bashful :-- Scæemlíc, seó scamfæste pudibunda, pudica, erubescens, Hpt. Gl. 492, 53. II. shameful, base, disgraceful, ignominious :-- Ðá ongan hé him secgan hú lytel and hú scomlíc ðæs monnes líf biþ hér on worolde . . . and hú wuldorlíc seó éce eádignes biþ, Shro. 92, 16. Sceomlíc corruptibilis, Rtl. 6, Scildige scamlícre forgǽgednysse praevaricationis rei, Jos. 6, 18. Nys ús ná tó secgenne ðone sceamlícan morþ (the disgraceful events at the siege of Jerusalem) ðe ðǽr gedón wæs, Ælfc. T. Grn. 21, 15. Ðæt hé ða sceamlícan þ;ing and ða mánfullan begǽ þ; se res turpes et sceleslas com-mittere, L. Ecg. P. ii. 6; Th. ii. 184, Wæs ðæt feórþe wíte ðæt ealra scamlícost wæs ðæt hundes fleógan cómon post muscas caninas inferentes tam gravia tormenta quam turpia, Ors. J; Swt. 38, I. [Þenne were his cun iscend mid scomeliche witen; Laym. 20462. Eni velunge bitweone mon and ancre is so scheomelich and so naked sunne, A. R. 116, 3. O. H. Ger. scama-líh verecundus, pudibundus; turpis, foedus.] v. á-, un-sceamlíc.
sceamlíce; adv. Shamefully, disgracefully :-- Ða ðè ǽwbryce ne wyrceaþ wólíce and sceamlíce, Homl. As. 19, 140. Hé sceandlíce (scamelíce, MS. N. ) sáwlode, 59, 202.
sceam-lim, es; n. The private member :-- Sceamlim, gecyndlim dedecus, Germ. 390, 120.
sceamol, es; m. A bench, stool. The word remains in the form shambles, properly stalls or benches on which butchers expose meat for sale:-- Sceamul scabellum, Wrt. Voc. i. 81, 24. Scamol subsellium, 289, 24. Scamel, sceamul, sceamol scabellum, Ælfc. Gr. 8; Zup. 31, 7. Scamul, scæmol. Ps. Spl. 98, 5. Ðara mynetera sceamelas mensas nummulariorum, Mt. Kmbl. 21, 12. Sceomolas, Blickl. Homl. 71, 18. Swá forþ be efise tó lippan hamme; ðæt tó ðám scamelan; swá forþ tó stapole. Cod. Dip. Kmbl. v. 184, 14. [Þe 'halewen makeden of al þe worlde ase ane stol (scheomel, MS. C.: schamel, MS. T. ) to hore uet, A. R. 166, 16. I sal set þe faas of þe schamel of þi fete to be, Ps. 109, I. O. Sax. fótskamel: O. H. Ger. scamal scabellum, subsellium: Ger. schemel a stool: Dan. skammel. From Lat. scamellum.] v. fót-, ræ-acute;de-, ræ-acute;ding-sceamol.
sceamu, e; f. I. the emotion caused by consciousness of unworthiness or of disgrace, in a good sense (v. sceam-fæst, -full, -leás, -líc), modesty, bashfulness; in a bad sense, shame, confusion :-- Sceamu pudor . . . reádnyss oððe sceamu rubor, Ælfc. Gr. 9, 21; Som. 10, 17-18. Scamu, scoma, scomo pudor, Txts. 84, 732. Scame pallor, Hpt. Gl. 474, 77. Scamu rubor, 475, 9. Se ðe nú ne mæg his gyltas for sceame ánum men geandettan, him sceal sceamian ðonne ætforan heofenwarum, and seó sceamu him biþ endeleás. Homl. Th. ii. 604, 3-6. Ðú mid sceame (sceoma, Lind.: scomo. Rush. ) nyme ðæt ýtemeste setl incipias cum rubore nouissimum locum tenere, Lk. Skt. 14, 9. Ðonne biþ hé self geládod wið hine selfne mid his ágenre scame and mid his geþylde, Past. 21, I; Swt. 151, 18. Ðonne árás hé for sceome he got up because he was ashamed of his inability to play the harp, Bd. 4, 24; S. 597, 7. II. what causes a feeling of shame, disgrace, shame :-- Scoma obprobrium, Rtl. 190, 29. Micel hýnþ and sceamu (verecundia) hyt ys men nelle wesan ðæt ðæt hé ys, and ðæt ðe hé wesan sceal, Coll. Monast. Th. 32, 3. -Ǽlce dæge byþ mín sceamu (verecundia) beforan mé Ps. Th. 43, 17. Byþ ðám scand and sceamu operiantur confusions et pudore, 70, 12. Hú mæg máre scamu mannum gelimpan, ðonne ús déþ gelóme? Wulfst. 162, 3. Sceome gihénedo confusione contempnata, Rtl. 27, 31. Sceame, Ps. Th. 88, 38. Ic his feóndas gegyrwe mid scame in ILLEGIBLE icos ejus induam confusione, 131, 19. Ðeós woruld scyldwyrcende in scome byrneþ, Exon. Th. 232, 6; Ph. 502. Ne scomu dóaþ neque calumniam faciatis, Lk. Skt. Rush. 3, 14: contumiliam, 11, 45. Sceame dreógán, habban, þrowian to be put to shame, be disgraced :-- Beóþ gescende and scame dreógaþ míne fýnd confundantur et revereantur inimici mei, Ps. Th. 69, 2. Habban sceame confundantur, 85, 16. Ne sceolon æt mé ǽnige habban sceame non erubescant in me, 68, 7. Sume mǽgon habban ælles woruldwelan genóg ac hí habbaþ ðeáh sceame ðæs welan gif hí ne beóþ swá æðele on gebyrdum swá hí woldon huic census exuberat, sed est pudori degener sanguis, Bt. 11, 1; Fox 30, 31. Ðæs ealdfeóndes scyldigra scolu scome þrowedon, Exon. Th. 114, 20; Gú. 175: 269, 5; Jul. 445: 369, 31; Seel. 49. Hí scoma mǽste dreógaþ, 78, 15; Cri. 1274. Mið scomum (sceofmum, Lind. ) miclum tó giworhtun contumeliis affecerunt, Mk. Skt. Rush. la, 4: Exon. Th. 153, 19; Gú. 828. III. the private part (v. sceam-lim):-- Him sí ábrogden swá of bréchrægle hiora sylfra sceamu, Ps. Th. 108, 28. Forhwon wríhst ðú sceome? Cd. Th. 54, 13; Gen. 876: 58, 7; Gen. 942: 95, 3; Gen. 1573. Scama, ða wǽpenlícan limo preputia, Wrt. Voc. ii. 69, 16. Scamu, 68, 60. [O. Sax. skama shame, disgrace: O. L. Ger. scama confusio, reverentia: O. H. Ger. scama verecundia, reverentia, pudor, rubor, confusio, ignominia, turpitudo: Icel. skömm a shame, outrage. "] v. ár-, hleór-, woruld-sceamu.
sceamung, e; f. Shaming, disgrace :-- Ðú canst gescændnysse ɫ sceamunga míne tu scis confusionem meam, Ps. Lamb. 68, 20. v. forsceamung.
sceanca, an; m. I. a shank, shin, the leg from the knee to the foot :-- Sceanca crus, Ælfc. Gr. 9, 33; Som. 12, 22: Wrt. Voc. ii. 137, 21: i. 71, 56. Scance(-a?) crus, sceanca[n] crura, 44, 68. Gif se sconca biþ þyrel beneoðan cneówe, L. Alf. pol. 63; Th. i. 96, 16. Gif monnes sconca biþ of áslagen wið ðæt cneóu, 72; Th. i. 98, 19. Nim blæces hundes deádes ðone swýðran fótes sceancan (fótscancan, MS. B. ), Lchdm. i. 362, 27. Sconcan crura, Wrt. Voc. i. 65, 41. Scancan, ii. 17, 43. Sceancan crura, scancan tibiae, i. 283, 69-70. Lǽcedómas wið scancena sáre, and gif scancan forade synd. Lchdm. ii. 6, 10. Sindon ða scancan (of the Phenix) scyllum biweaxen crura tegunt squamae, Exon. Th. 219, 20; Ph. 310. Scancan tibias, Hpt. Gl. 482, 64: Kent. Gl. 982. Sconca[n?] suras, Wrt. Voc. ii. 93, 5. Ðæt man forbrǽce hyra sceancan (crura). Jn. Skt. 19, 31, 32, 33. Se sceocca gewráð his sceancan, Homl. Skt. i. 11, 223. Sconcan, Salm. Kmbl. 203; Sal. 101. II. the upper part of the leg (= þeóhsceanca):-- Ic wille ðæt gé fédaþ án earm Engliscmon . . . Ágyfe mon hine . . . án scone spices oððe án ram weorðe iiii. peningas, L. Ath. i. prm.; Th. i. 198, 7. [Dan. Swed. skank a shank: cf. Germ. schenkel.] v. earm-, fót-, hóh-, þeóh-sceanca.
sceanc-bend, es; m. A band for the leg, a garter :-- Scangbendas periscelides, Wrt. Voc. i. 40, 55.
sceanc-forod; adj. Broken-legged :-- Ðæt sceáp ðæt sceoncforad (scanc-, Cott. MSS. ) wæs, Past. 17, 9; Swt. 123, 9. Scancforedum men, Lchdm. ii. 66, 21.
sceanc-gebeorg, es; n. A protection for the leg, a greave :-- Bánberge, scan[c]gebeorg ocreas, Wrt. Voc. ii. 97, 35.
sceanc-gegirela, an; m. Clothing for the leg, a garter :-- Scancgegirelan periscelides, Wrt. Voc. ii. 67, 38.
sceanc-lira, an; m. The fleshy, brawny part of the shank, the calf of the leg :-- Scanclira surra, Wrt. Voc. i. 283, 71.
sceand, es; m. An infamous person, a buffoon, charlatan :-- Scond scurra, Wrt. Voc. ii. 120, 5. Ðonne sægde Petrus, ðæt hé wǽre leás drý and sceand and scyldig ǽswica then Peter said that he (Simon the sorcerer) was a false sorcerer and a shameless impostor and a guilty deceiver, Blickl. Homl. 175, 7. Sume hí wyrcaþ heora wógerum drencas, ðæt hí hí tó wífe habbon; ac ðyllíce sceandas sceolan síðian tó helle, Homl. Skt. i. 17, 159.
sceand, e; f. I. shame, disgrace, infamy, ignominy :-- Byþ ðám scand and sceamu operiantur confusione et pudore, Ps. Th. 70, 12. Ignominium sconde hléwung (cf. (?) ge-léwan) sive fraceþu, idem et infamium, Wrt. Voc. ii. 49, 30. Sume wurdon getawod tó scande some were shamefully entreated, Chr. 1076; Erl. 214, 39. Is him óðer earfeþu scyldgum tó sconde. Exon. Th. 78, 14; Cri. 1274. Sylfum tó sconde to thine own disgrace, 90, 27; Cri. 1480. Ðú sceonde æt mé [ne] anfénge ac gefeán eallum thou gottest not disgrace from me, but gladness ever, Cd. Th. 54, 9; Gen. 874. Ne þurfun gé wénan ðæt gé mec mid searocræftum under scæd sconde (with ignominy) scúfan mótan, Exon. Th. 142, 20; Gú. 647. Unwlite oððe sconde dedecus. Wrt. Voc. ii. 27, 35. Hí sceande ágon confundantur. Ps. Th. 108, 27. Sceonde fremman ylda bearnum to bring disgrace on men, Cd. Th. 149, 3; Gen. 2469. II. a shameful, infamous, or abominable thing, what brings disgrace :-- Ðonne is suíðe micel scand ignominiosum valde est, Past. 22, 2; Swt. 173, l. Hé ne wolde ða sceonde (the drunkenness of Noah) hleómágum helan. Cd. Th. 95, 20; Gen. 1581. Scande ignominia (v. second passage in I), Wrt. Voc. i. 21, 19. Flæ-acute; sc scandum þurhwaden, Exon. Th. 78, 32; Cri. 1283. Ðú ðone líchoman scondum gewemdest, 91, 5; Cri. 1487. Áscamode, scondum gedreahte, 79, 32; Cri. 1299. Geseoh ða scande and ða wierrestan þing ðe ðás menn hér dóþ vide abominationes pessimas, quas isti faciunt hic, Past. 21, 3; Swt. 153, 20 : Swt. 155, 9. Sconde, Swt. 155, 8. [Þatt wass hiss aʒhenn shame & shande, Orm. 11956. He makede to sconde he disgraced, Laym. 7032. Unk schal itide harm and schonde, O. and N. 1733. ÞU schalt haue schonde, Horn. 714. To spouse þe emperoures doʒter yt ner hym no schonde, R. Glouc. 65, 12. Goth. skanda GREEK : O. H. Ger. scanta ignominia, confusio.]
sceand-full; adj. Shameful, infamous, vile :--Hé (John the Baptist) wæs heáfde becorfen for scandfulra wífa béne, and for scondfulles gebeórscypes hleahtre, Shrn. 123, 6-8. [Him wule þunche swiðe strong and swiðe scondful þet he scal al a&yogh;euen and seodðan bisechen milce et þan ilke monne þe he haueð er istolen, O. E. Homl. i. 31, 2.]
sceand-hús, es; m. A house of ill fame, a brothel :--Ðá heó ðæt nolde, ðá hét hé hí nacode lǽdan to sumum scandhúse ... Ðæs burhgeréfan sunu wolde rǽsan on hí on ðæm scandhúse. Shrn. 56, 7-11.
sceand-líc j adj. I. of persons, that acts in a disgraceful way, infamous, base, vile :--On ánre tíde twá mǽdencild cumaþ, and biþ ðæt án sydefull and ðæt óðer sceandlíc, Homl. Skt. i. 5, 280. Hierusalem winþ for rihtwísnysse, and Babilonia winþ ongeán for unrihtwísnysse ... Ðære heofonlícan Hierusalem cyning is Crist, ðære scandlícan Babilonian cyning is deófol, Homl. Th. ii. 66, 32. Ðá com ðæs geréfan suna mid his sceandlícum gegadum, Homl. Skt. i. 7, 164. God sende tó ðám sceandlícum mannum (the people of Sodom) twegen englas, 13, 207. II. of things, (a) that is vile in its nature or circumstances, disgraceful, foul, shameful, obscene :--Scandlíc hosp rldiculosum opprobrium. Hpt. Gl. 524, 73. Gif hit ǽr sceondlíc wæs, ne biþ hit nó ðý fægerre, Bt. 14, 3; Fox 46, 16. Seó gesceádwísnes; nis ðæt scandlíc cræft, forðæm hit nǽnig hafaþ neát búton monnum, Met. 20, 188. Scandlícre fúlnesse spurcae obscoenitatis, Hpt. Gl. 447, 19. Of scondlícum geþohte ex turpi cogitatione, Bd. 1, 27; S. 497, 5. Mid sceandlícum willan with foul lust, Homl. Skt. i. 7, 170. Ðín módor gewíteþ of weorulde þurh scondlícne deáð and unárlícne miserando turpissimoque exitu, Nar. 31, 29. Ǽlc óðerne æftan heáweþ mid scandlícan onscytan, Wulfst. 160, 5. Hé sang scandlícu leóþ, and plegode scandlíce plegan, Shrn. 121, 10. Sceondlícum corruptibilibus, Rtl. 24, 36. Ic wille geswigian Tontolis and Pilopes ðara scondlícestena spella nec mihi nunc enumerare opus est Tantali et Pelopisfacta turpia, fabulas iurpiores, Ors. 1, 8; Swt. 42, 8. (b) that causes shame, disgraceful :--Hit is scondlíc ymb swelc tó sprecanne hwelc hit ðá wæs pudet erroris humani, l, 10; Swt. 48, 4. [Wið scondliche deaðe, Laym. 2274. O. H. Ger. scant-líh, turpis, probrosus, ignominiosus, teter, lugubris.]
sceandlíce; adv. I. in a disgraceful manner, disgracefully, shamefully, infamously :--Heó lyfde sceandlíce, swá swá swín on meoxe, Homl. Skt. i. 3, 528. Nán cristen man ne sceal sceandlíce flítan, 13, 122. Him wand út his innoþ æt his setle, and hé sceandlíce sáwlode, Homl. As. 59, 202. II. opprobriously, reproachfully, insultingly :--Hiera wíf [sægdon] ðæt hié óðer gener næfden, búton hié on heora wífa hrif gewiton. Hí ðá, æfter ðæm ðe ða wíf hié swá scondlíce gerǽht hæfdon, gewendan eft ongeán ðone cyning, Ors. 1, 12; Swt. 54, 5. Gif man mannan bismærwordum scandlíce gréte if one man insult another by abusive words, L. H. E. 11; Th. i. 32, 5. Ne sceolon æt mé ǽnige habban sceame sceandlíce ðe ðínes síðes biddaþ (bídaþ ?) non erubescant in me, qui expectant te, Ps. Th. 68, 7.
sceandlícness, e; f. Shame, disgrace, dishonour :--Seó hálige ǽ forbeódeþ ða sceondlícnysse (turpitudinem) onwreón mǽgsibba, Bd. I. 27; S. 491, 6, 12. Hé [ne] mæg mid weorce begán ða sceondlícnesse (scond-, MS. Hatt.) qui turpitudinem non exercet opere, Past. 11, 7; Swt. 72, 5.
sceand-word, es; n. A vile, foul word, or an opprobrious, abusive word :--Ðæt ic (the devil) wolde, ðæt hý (wicked men) ðé (God) áfremdedon and ðíne circean forgeáton and æt mé leornedan sceandword, Wulfst. 255, 15.
sceap, es; n. A private part :--Hé getǽlde his fæder Noe, ðǽr hé on his sceape lócode, Anglia xi. 2, 53. Wið gicþan ðæra sceapa, Lchdm. i. 38, 15. v. for-, ge-, land-sceap.
sceáp, scép, scíp, es; n. A sheep :--Scép ovis, Wrt. Voc. i. 23, 54. Ðæt dysige scép, Ps. Th. 118, 176. Sceáp sceal gongan mid his fliése óþ midne sumor, L. In. 69; Th. i. 146, 10. Emban ceápgild ... sceáp tó sciɫɫ., L. Ath. v. 6, 2; Th. i. 234, 2. Man healde .iii. niht hýde and heáfod (of a slain ox), and sceápes eall swá, L. Eth. iii. 9; Th. i. 296, 19. Nán scyldwyrhta ne lecge nán scépes fell on scyld, L. Ath. i. 15; Th. i. 208, 10. Eówu biþ mid hire giunge sceápe sciɫɫ. weorð óþ ðæt .xiii. niht ofer Eástron, L. In. 55; Th. i. 138, 7. Sceáp mon sceal gildan mid sciɫɫ., L. O. D. 7b; Th. i. 356, 6. Hwylc man ys ðe hæbbe án sceáp (scép, Rush.: scíp, Lind.), Mt. Kmbl. 12, 11. Sceáp (scép, Rush.: scíp, Lind.) ðe hyrde nabbaþ, 9, 36. Scípo oves, Rtl. 19, 37. Sceápa hús ovile, Wrt. Voc. i. 15, 21. Sceápa locu caule, 16, 6 : ii. 23, 11. Lambra sceápa agni ovium, Ps. Spl. 113, 6. þreó heorda sceápa tres greges ovium, Gen. 29, 2. Heald míne sceáp (scíp, Rush.: scípo, Lind.) pasce oves meas. Jn. Skt. 21, 17. Ic drífe sceáp míne tó heora leáse, Coll. Monast. Th. 20, 11. [O. Frs. skép, schép : O. L. Ger. skáp : O. H. Ger. scáf.] v. snǽding-sceáp. The word occurs in local names, v. Cod. Dip. Kmbl. vi. 328, 329.
sceáp-ǽtere, es; m. The carcase of a sheep (?) :--Ánan esne gebyreþ tó metsunge .xii. pund gódes cornes, and .ii. scípǽteras, and i. gód metecú, L. R. S. 8; Th. i. 436, 27.
sceápen; adj. Of a sheep :--Sceápen smera (cf. on sceápes smerwe, 1. 9), Lchdm. ii. 128, 16. Ete sceápen flǽsc and nán óþer, 358, 22. [O. H. Ger. scáfín ovinus.]
sceáp-heord, e; f. A flock of sheep :--Nimaþ eówre hrýðerheorda and eówer sceápheorda and eówer orf oves vestras et armenta assumiie, Ex. 12, 32.
sceáp-heorden, es; n. A hovel, shed :--Býre vel sceápheorden magalia vel mappalia vel capanna, Wrt. Voc. i. 58, 31.
sceáp-hirde, es; m. A shepherd :--Abel wæs sceáphyrde fuit Abel pastor ovium, Gen. 4, 2. Hwílum wearð geworden sceáphyrde tó cynge, L. Eth. vii. 22; Th. i. 334, 10. Scéphyrde oppilius, Wrt. Voc. ii. 65, 10. Scýphyred (-hyrde ? cf. gáta hierde titurus, 288, 21) titirus. Wrt. Voc. i. 18, 57. Swá swá sceáphyrde tósceát sceáp fram gátum, Wulfst. 288, 2. Scéphyrdas opiliones, Coll. Monast. Th. 19, 3. Godes engel ætíwde sceáphirdon, Shrn. 29, 31. Be sceáphyrdan. Sceáphyrdes niht is ..., L. R. S. 14; Th. i. 438, 21.
Sceáp-íg, e; f. Sheppy ( =Sheep-island, cf. Far-oe, Icel. íær a sheep) :--Hér hǽþne men ǽrest on Sceápíge (-ége, MS. E. ) ofer winter sǽtun, Chr. 855; Erl. 68, 23. Hér hǽþne men oferhergeadon Sceápíge, 832; Érl. 64, 18.
sceáp-scearu, e; f. Sheep-shearing :--Ðá fór hé tó his scépscere, Gen. 38, 12.
sceáp-wæsoe, an; f. A place for washing sheep, the word remains as a place-name in Sheepwash, in Worcestershire :--Of ðam stáne on sceápwæscan; andlang sceápwæscan, Cod. Dip. v. 48, 6. Andlang sceápwæscan tó sceápwæscan forda, 174, 11. Tó ðære sceápwæscan, 298, 4. Juxta fluvium qui dicitur Stúr, ad uadum nomine Scépesuuasce, i. 155, 23.
sceáp-wíc, es; n. A sheep-fold :--Tó sceápwícan. Cod. Dip. Kmbl. Iii. 405, 5.
scear, es; m. (?) A plough-share :--scer, scær, scear uomis, Ælfc. Gr. 9, 28; Zup. 55, 16. Scaer vomer, Txts. 35, 32. Scear vomer vel vomis, Wrt. Voc. I. 15, I: 74, 72. Scer, 287, 6. Hwanon ðam yrþlinge sylan scear oððe culter, Coll. Monast. Th. 30, 29. Gefæstnodon sceare and cultre mid ðære syl confirmato vomere et cultro aratro, 19, 19. Hé sceal habban scear, culter and eác gádíren, Anglia ix. 263, 4. [Chauc. Piers P. Prompt. Parv. schare : O. Frs. skere, schere: O. H. Ger. scar, scaro vomer.]
sceár, e; f. A pair of shears or scissors; but the word is generally used in the plural (dual?) as the modern shears, scissors :--Scér forfex, Wrt. Voc. ii. 36, 65. Scéroro, scérero forices, Txts. 60, 401. ísernscéruru forfex, 65, 903. Sceára forfex, Wrt. Voc. i. 86, 21. Sceára forficis, ii. 1, 15. Tange forcipis, tang forceps, sceára forficis, 33, 35-37. Tangan, tange forcipis, sceáre[n] forficis, Hpt. Gl. 417, 75. Hí ne scoldon hira loccas læ-acute;tan weaxan ac hié scoldon hié efsigean mid sceárum non comam nutrient, sed tondentes attondent capita sua. Past. 18, 7; Swt. 139, 14. Ne hé his loccas mid sceárum wanode. Shrn. 93, 9. Hé sceal habban horscamb and sceára (shears) ... sceárra (scissors), næ-acute;dle, Anglia. ix. 263, 8-15. Cf. Ræglsceára forfices, fexsceára forpices, Wrt. Voc. ii. 150, 21, 22. [My berd, myn beer ... That nevere yit ne felte offensioun of rasour ne of schere, Chauc. Kn. T. 1559. A shepster (sutrix) shere, Piers P. 13, 331. Schere (scherys) to clyppe wythe forfex. Prompt. Parv. 445, col. 2. O. Frs. skére, schére; f.: O. H. Ger. scári; pl. Forpices; scára forfex : M. H. Ger. schære: Ger. schere: Icel. skæri; n. pl. Shears.] v. secg-gescére.
scear-beám, es; m. The wood to which the ploughshare is fixed (?) :--Scearbeám brigacus. Wrt. Voc. ii. 127, 21.
sceard, es; n. A shard, sherd, pot-sherd, tile :--Scearda testarum, Germ. 398, 257. [Gower uses sherd for the scale of a dragon, ' a dragon whose scherdes schinen as the sonne,' iii. 68, 5: and in Shakspere shard; denotes a beetle's hard wing-case, v. Nares' Glossary. M. H. Ger. scharte a sherd : Ger. scharte.] v. croc-sceard; scirden.
sceard, es; n. A gap, notch :--Dó of ðam feórþan deále eall ðæt seó sǽ his ofseten hæfþ and eall ða sceard ðe heó him on genumen hæfþ subtract from this fourth part (of the earth) all of it that the sea has covered, and all the gaps (bays and creeks) it has taken; huic quartae, si quantum maria premunt subtraxeris, Bt. 18, 1; Fox 62, 13. [Shard a gap remains long in some dialects, v. E. D. S. Pub. Gloss. B. 15, 19 (Wiltshire). O. Frs. skerd a notch, cut, gash : M. H. Ger. Ger. scharte : Icel. skarð a notch, chink, gap.] v. díc-, hær-sceard, and next word.
sceard; adj. I. notched, hacked, having gaps or rifts :--Ic geann Ælmǽre ðæs sceardan swurdes the hacked sword (cf. Icel. með skarða skjöldu with hacked shields), Chart. Th. 561, 1, 23. Tó ðam sceardan beorge (cf. ðone tóbrocenan beorg ðe is tóclofen, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. ii. 251, 5), of ðam sceardan beorge tó ðam rúgan hlǽwe. Cod. Dip. B. iii. 170, 2. On sceard hweogl (?), Cod. Dip. Kmbl. iii. 419, 11. Hrófas sind gehrorene . . . scearde scúrbeorge, Exon. Th. 476, 9; Ruin. 5. II. gashed, mutilated :-- Gif eáre sceard weorðe, L. Eth. 42; Th. i. 14, 7: 48; Th. i. 14, 13. III. deprived :-- Hé wæs his mǽga sceard, freónda gefylled on folcstede, beslagen æt sæcce, and his sunu forlét on wælstówe, Chr. 937; Erl. 114, 6. (Cf. Icel. hafa, bera skarðan hlut to get worsted.) [O. Sax. skard: O. Frs. skerde cut, gashed: O. H. Ger. scart; lid-scart murcus; lid-scartí mutilation; scartsam scabrosus: M. H. Ger. schart: Ger. schartig: Icel. skarðr.] v. scirdan, and previous word.
scearfian; p. ode To scrape, cut into shreds :-- Genim ða ylcan wyrte, scearfa hý ðonne, and gníd swýðe smale tó duste, Lchdm. i. 70, 14: 80, 16: 344, 13 note. Scearfa smæle, ii. 322, 25. Scearfaþ succidite . . . gescearfa ðú succides, Lk. Skt. Lind. 13, 7, 9. Scearfige ealle ðás rinda tógædere, Lchdm. iii. 14, 4. [O. H. Ger. scarbón concidere.] v. sceorfan, and next two words.
scearflian; p. ode To scrape :-- Scearfla on wæter, Lchdm. i. 184, 18.
scearfung, e; f. Scraping, scarifying :-- Ða wǽtan ða yfelan weorðaþ gegaderode on ðone magan, and ðǽr ríxiaþ mid scearfunga innan, Lchdm. ii. 176, 7. Áberan ða strangan scearfunga ðæra wǽtena, 176, 10.
scearian to grant. v. ge-scearian.
scearn, es; n. Sharn (v. E. D. S. Pub. Gloss. B. 17), dung, filth :-- Scearn, scern fimus, Ælfc. Gr. 13; Zup. 83, 13. Gor, scear[n] letamen, Wrt. Voc. ii. 50, 38. Swé swé scearn (stercus) eorþan, Ps. Surt. 82, 11. Góse scearn, ðonne hió ne ete, Lchdm. ii. 92, 15. Scearnes fimi, Wrt. Voc. ii. 95, 75. Scearn (oxena) fimum, Coll. Monast. Th. 20, 1. [O. Frs. skern: Icel. skarn; n. dung: Dan. skarn dung, muck, filth.]
scearn-fifel. v. scearn-wifel.
scearn-wibba, an; m. A dung-beetle :-- Scærnwibba scarabeus, Wrt. Voc. i. 77, 52. v. next word.
scearn-wifel, es; m. A dung-beetle :-- Scearnwifel (-fifel, MS.) scarabeus, Wrt. Voc. i. 23, 69. [Halliwell gives sharn-bug, a cockchafer, as a Sussex word. Cf. Ssarnboddes (beetles) þet louieþ þet dong, Ayenb. 61, 32. Icel. tord-yfill a beetle.]
scearp; adj. I. sharp, having a fine edge or point :-- Seaxes ecg scearp, Exon. Th. 70, 21; Cri. 1142. Ic eom heard and scearp, ingonges strong, 479, 19; Rä. 63, 1. Genim ðæs scearpan þistles moran, Lchdm. ii. 314, 11. Scearpe gáras, Cd. Th. 124, 18; Gen. 2064. Ða Walas ádrifon sumre eá ford ealne mid scearpum pílum, Chr. Erl. 5, 10. Scearpre ðonne ǽni sweord, Ps. Th. 44, 4. Nǽdle scearpran, Exon. Th. 373, 33; Seel. 119. Scearpeste stánas cautes vel murices, Wrt. Voc. i. 38, 22. II. sharp to the taste, pungent, acid :-- Sió scearpe docce oxylapatium, Wrt. Voc. ii. 65, 50: Lchdm. iii. 304, col. 2. Meng wið scearpum ecede, i. 354, 22: ii. 72, 16. On wíne wel scearpum, 180, 16. Mettas ge drincan ða ðe habban hát mægen and scearp, 184, 10. Ðæs scearpestan wínes .v. sestras, 252, 8. II a. acrid :-- Ða yfelan wǽtan sceorfendan and scearpan, Lchdm. ii. 176, 20. III. sharp of speech (cf. sharp-tongued):--Hé biþ scarp and biter and swíðe wær on his wordum, Lchdm. iii. 162, 13. Wǽron hyra tungan tó yfele gehwam ungemet scearpe, Ps. Th. 56, 5. IV. sharp, keen, severe, of pain or of that which causes pain:--Syððan com se scearpa hungor and ádyde hí mid ealle, Chr. 1086; Erl. 219, 37. Biþ ðæt sár scearpre ðonne ðæs welmes sár, Lchdm. ii. 206, 3. V. sharp, rough (v. scearpness, III):--Ðǽr sint swíðe scearpe wegas and stánihte situ terrarum montoso et aspero, Ors. 1, 1; Swt. 10, 25. VI. sharp, keen, active, strenuous :-- Ðá ásende hé him tó ðone scearpan here of Rómána ríce mid réðum wǽpnum, Homl. Th. ii. 302, 18: Homl. As. 61, 244. Ðá geceás hé him geféran ða ðe ǽgðer ge on heora dǽdum ge on heora gelǽrednesse frome and scearpe wǽron Godes word tó bodienne and tó lǽranne electis sociis strenuissimis et ad praedicandum verbum idoneis, utpote actione simul et eruditione praeclaris, Bd. 5, 9; S. 622, 25. VI a. of things, effectual, penetrating, cf. scearplíce:--Hyre (black horehound) miht ys scearp, Lchdm. i. 310, 7. Seó sunne scínþ mid hyre scearpan leóman, Homl. As. 43, 484. VII. sharp, keen, of sight:--Scearp gesihþ acies, Ælfc. Gr. 5; Som. 4, 14. Sió sýn hiþ ðý scearpre, Lchdm. ii. 30, 21. VIII. sharp, keen, acute, of understanding:--Scearp angyte acre ingenium, Ælfc. Gr. 9, 18; Som. 9, 66. Búton hé hæbbe swá scearp andget swá ðæt fýr, Bt. 39, 4; Fox 216, 28. Hú ðú eart gleáw and scearp, Exon. Th. 463, 27; Hö. 76. Sceal scearp scyldwíga gescád witan worda and worca, se ðe wel þenceþ, Beo. Th. 581; B. 288. Scearpe arguto, Wrt. Voc. ii. 9, 64. Tósceád simle scearpe móde in sefan ðínum, Exon. Th. 303, 1; Fä. 46. Ðá ongeat hé mid scearpre gleáwnysse ille, ut vir sagacis ingenii, intellexit, Bd. 3, 9; S. 533, 42. [O. Sax. skarp: O. Frs. skerp: O. H. Ger. scarf: Icel. skarpr.] v. beadu-, efen-, heoru-, mylen-, un-scearp.
scearpe; adv. Sharply, keenly. I. literal:--Ða fugelas ðe be flǽsce lybbaþ syndon scearpe gebilode the birds that live on flesh are sharp-billed, Hexam. 8; Norm. 14, 19. II. referring to seeing, observing:--Scearpe gesceáwian, Ps. Th. 93, 9. Se ðe ealra scearpost lócianne mæg, Shrn. 187, 1.
scearpe, an; f. A scarification :-- Ásleah áne scearpan on ðam dolge, Lchdm. ii. 142, 21: 144, 6. Stande on heáfde, ásleá him mon fela scearpena on ðám scancan, ðonne gewít út ðæt átter þurh ða scearpan, 154, 2-4. Wið onfealle: genim hæslenne sticcan oððe ellenne, wrít ðínne naman on, ásleah þrý scearpan on, gefylle mid ðý blóde ðone naman, weorp ofer eaxle oððe betweoh þeóh on yrnende wæter . . . Ða scearpan ásleá, and ðæt eall swígende gedó, 104, 6-11: 84, 4: 100, 4: 126, 21: 130, 10.
scearp-ecged; adj. Sharp-edged :-- God hét ðæt hé náme scearpecgedne flint, Homl. Th. i. 92, 33.
scearpian; p. ode To scarify, make an incision in the skin :-- Scearpa him ða scancan, Lchdm. ii. 46, 24: 76, 13: 126, 20. Scearpige and smire mid hátan ele, 130, 7: 284, 8. Ðú scealt ymb .iii. niht scearpian, 264, 1. Scearpigean, iii. 132, 31.
scearp-líc; adj. Sharp, keen, searching, effectual :-- Hwæt is sió þyrelung ðæs wáges búton scearplícu and smeálícu fandung ðæs módes ðæt mon onlúce ða heardan heortan quid est parietem fodere, nisi acutis inquisitionibus duritiam cordis aperire? Past. 21, 3; Swt. 155, 1. Ðonne hé him gecýð mid hú scearplícum costungum wé sint ǽghwonon útan behrincgde cum tentationum aculeos nos undique circumdantes innotescit, 21, 5; Swt. 163, 16. Hú ne gesceóp ðé se scaþa scearplíce bysne nonne exempla tibi dabat latro? Dóm. L. 53.
scearplíce; adv. I. sharply, keenly, smartly, effectually, quickly :-- Scearplíce efficaciter, velociter, Wrt. Voc. ii. 142, 56. Hyt ys gelýfed ðæt heó scearplíce gehǽle, Lchdm. i. 154, 9. Heó gehǽlþ ðæt sár tó ðam scearplíce, ðæt hé eác gán dyrre it heals the pain (gout) so smartly, that he may even venture to walk, 176, 8: 210, 9: Exon. Th. 209, 9; Ph. 168. II. sharply, keenly (of the mind):--Ða ðe meahton smeálíce and scearplíce mid hiera andgite ryht geseón qui videre recta subtiliter per ingenium poterant, Past. 11, 4; Swt. 69, 6. III. sharply, painfully :-- Scearplíce acerbatim, Txts. 181, 47. Stingaþ hine scearplíce on ðone múð, Wulfst. 141, 7.
scearpness, e; f. Sharpness. I. referring to the sight:--Scearpnes acies, Wrt. Voc. ii. 2, 19. Sió scearpnes ðæs æpples acies pupillae, Past. 11, 4; Swt. 69, 3. Seó scearpnes mínra eágena nis nú mid mé lumen oculorum meorum non est mecum, Ps. Th. 37, 10. Heó (betony) gegódaþ ðæra eágena scearpnesse, Lchdm. i. 72, 16. Hí ðæs módes eágena scearpnesse náuht gebétaþ tó ðære sceáwunga ðære sóðan gesǽlþe, Bt. 34, 8; Fox 144, 32: Met. 21, 24. II. referring to the mind:--On his módes scearpnesse aciem mentis, Past. 16, 1; Swt. 99, 9. Wæs hé náwiht hefig . . . ne hé cnihtlíce gálnysse næs begangende . . . ac on his scearpnysse hé weóx, Guthl. 2; Gdwin. 12, 13-20. III. roughness of surface (v. scearp, V):--Ealle wóhnyssa beóþ gerihte and scearpnyssa gesméðode, Homl. Th. i. 360, 34. IV. acidity, pungency :-- Sió scearpnes the acidity of the humours, Lchdm. ii. 28, 1. Ðæs ecedes afre scearpnes, 224, 22. Se líchama gefélþ ðæs sealtes scearpnesse, Wulfst. 35, 6. V. efficacy :-- For ðære sealfe scearpnesse (to make the salve effectual) genim wífes meoluc, ii. 28, 7. v. un-scearpness.
scearp-numol; adj. Efficacious :-- Ðeós wyrt ys swýðe scearpnumul (-el, MS. B.) níwe wunda and wíde tó gehǽlenne, swá ðæt ða wunda hrædlíce tógædere gáþ, Lchdm. i. 134, 10. Ðeós wyrt is swíðe scearpnumul wið ðæt áttor, 152, 3. Swá se lǽcedóm yldra byþ, swá hé scearpnumulra and hálwendra byþ, 242, 5.
scearp-síne, -siéne, -sýne; adj. Sharp-sighted :-- Gif hwá biþ swá scearpséne (-siéne, Cott. MS.) . . . swá swá Aristoteles sǽde ðæt deór wǽre, ðæt mihte stánas þurhseón . . . gif ðonne hwá wǽre swá scearpsiéne, Bt. 32, 2; Fox 116, 19-23. v. un-scearpsíne.
scearp-smeáung, e; f. A sharp, strict examination, argument :-- Scearpsméung argumentum, Mt. Kmbl. p. 12, 7. Scearpsmeáwunges argumenti, 13, 9.
scearpþanclíce; adv. Acutely, effectually :-- Scearpþanclíce efficaciter, Scint. 32.
scearp-þancol; adj. Acute, subtle :-- Ða scearpþanclan witan ðe ðone twýdǽledan wísdóm tócnáwaþ, Lchdm. iii. 440, 28.
scearpung, e; f. Scarifying :-- Lácna mid scearpinge, Lchdm. iii. 82, 23. Mid gelómlícre scearpunge, hwílum mid miclum, hwílum mid feáwum, 84, 2. Lǽcedómas and scearpunga wið sídan sáre, 262, 24.
scear-seax, es; n. A razor :-- Scearsex rasorium, Wrt. Voc. i. 35, 21. Scersaex novacula, Ps. Surt. 51, 4. Scirseax, Wrt. Voc. ii. 70, 17. Scyrseax, 60, 44: culter, 15, 58. Scyrseax scearp machera acuta, Blickl. Gl. Ða sacerdas ne sceoldon nó hiera heáfdu scieran mid scearseaxum (scier-, Cott. MS.) sacerdotes caput suum non radent, Past. 18, 7; Swt. 138, 14. [O. L. Ger. scar-, scer-sahs novacula: O. H. Ger. scar-, scher-sahs novacula, rasorium: cf. Icel. skar-öx a carpenter's adze.]
scearu, scyru, e; f. I. a cutting, shaving :-- Scaro tonsura, Wrt. Voc. ii. 70, 18. Gif preóst sceare misgýme beardes oððe feaxes, L. N. P. L. 34; Th. ii. 294, 27. II. a shearing of sheep:--Férde Laban tó his sceápa sceare ad tondendas oves, Gen. 31, 19. III. the ecclesiastical tonsure. v. L. Ecg. E. 152-154; Th. ii. 124, 9-24:--Tó sceares gefe ad tondendi gratiam (in 'oratio ad capilaturam'), Rtl. 97, 4: 95, 31. Ðá wǽron scorene ealle munecas and sacerdas on ðone béh Sc̃e Petres sceare, Bd. 5, 21; S. 643, 29. Tó reogollícum þeáwe rihtra Eástrena and scyre ad ritum Paschae ac tonsurae canonicum, 5, 22; S. 643, 38. Tó scare, 5, 22; S. 643, 38, note. Hér Eádberht Norþhymbra cining féng tó scære, Chr. 757; Erl. 53, 6. Ðæt hié heóldon ða ciriclecan scare, 716; Erl. 44, 19. Hé sceare onféng, Bd. 3, 18; S. 546, 10: 5, 19; S. 636, 26. Ða sceare onfón, 5, 21; S. 643, 22. Hé onféng preósthádes scare, Shrn. 50, 27. Ða ðe beóþ gehádode fram Scyttiscum bisceopum oððe fram Bryttiscum, ða ðe sceare nabbaþ swá óðre cyriclíce preóstas, L. Ecg. P. Addít. 5; Th. ii. 232, 17. Wé lǽraþ ðæt ǽnig gehádod man his sceare ne helige, L. Edg. C. 47; Th. ii. 254, 12. IV. a share, v. folc-, hearm-, land-, leód-, sceap-scearu.
scearu, e; f. The share; pubes:--Mannes scaru alvus, Wrt. Voc. ii. 10, 26. Scare ilium, i. 44, 45. Biþ ðæt sár on ða swíðran healfe on ða scare, Lchdm. ii. 232, 4: 232, 23. [Heo þuruh stihten Isboset adun into schere. Her seið seint Gregorie: 'In inguinem ferire est etc.' Þe ueond þuruh stihð þet scher, A. R. 272, 12-14. Schare pubes, Wrt. Voc. i. 183, 29. The shore le penul, 148, 17. Schere pubes, 246, col. 2. Schore, privy part of a man pubes, Prompt. Parv. 448. v. Lchdm. ii. Glossary.]
sceát, es; m. I. a corner, an angle (v. -scíte); applied to the earth or heaven, corner, quarter (cf. the Edda: Þeir görðu þar af himinn ok settu hann yfir jörðina með fjórum skautum. Hence himin-skaut the four quarters of the heavens; heims-skaut the poles):--Ðá wæs heora lár sáwen and strogden betuh feówer sceátum middangeardes, Blickl. Homl. 133, 33. From feówerum foldan sceátum ðám ýtemestum eorþan ríces englas bláwaþ býman, Exon. Th. 55, 6; Cri. 879. Lege on ða feówer sceáttas ðæs ærnes lay at the four corners of the house, Lchdm. ii. 142, 11. II. a projection, promontory (cf. sceáta):--Bætweónæ ða twægen brÍmfeldas andlang ðæs alarsceátæs (along the alder-covered piece of land which thrusts itself out into the fields) on ðonæ fúlan bróc, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. v. 84, 12. III. a nook, corner, region (in the phrases eorþan, foldan sceát):--Is feor heonan eástdǽlum on æþelast londa . . . nis se foldan sceát mongum gefére est locus in primo felix oriente remotus, Exon. Th. 198, 1; Ph. 3. Sceal fromcynne folde ðíne síd land manig geseted wurðan eorþan sceátas with thine offspring shall earth be settled, many a wide land, earth's regions, Cd. Th. 133, 5; Gen. 2206. Foldan sceátas (sceáttas, MS.), 204, 33; Exod. 428. Ic ne wát hwǽr mín bróþor on wera ǽhtum eorþan sceáta eardian sceal I know not in what corner of earth my brother must dwell, Exon. Th. 496, 23; Rä. 85, 19. Hé ne métte middangeardes, eorþan sceáta (sceatta, MS.) mundgripe máran, Beo. Th. 1508; B. 752. Fyllaþ eówre fromcynne foldan sceátas, Cd. Th. 92, 26; Gen. 1534: 247, 25; Dan. 502. Drihten háteþ héhenglas béman bláwan ofer burga geseotu geond foldan sceátas, 302, 21; Sat. 603: Exon. Th. 445, 20; Dóm. 10. Faraþ geond ealle eorþan sceátas. Andr. Kmbl. 664; An. 332: Exon. Th. 309, 22; Seef. 61. Hé ne mæg ðone (hlísan) tóbrédan ofer ðás nearowan eorþan sceátas (cf. tóbrǽdan ofer ða nearwan eorþan áne. Bt. 19; Fox 68, 25), Met. 10, 17. IV. a lap, bosom :-- Gif ðæs módes forhæfdnes mid ungeþylðe ne áscóke ða sibbe of ðæm sceáte ðære smyltnesse nisi mentes abstinentium impatientia a sinu tranquillitatis excuteret, Past. 43, 3; Swt. 311, 15. Of midum sceáte (sinu) ðínum, Ps. Surt. 73, 11. Of his ðæm fæderlícan sceáte, Blickl. Homl. 5, 15. Gyld gramhýdigum on sceát hiora (in sinu eorum). Ps. Th. 78, 13. Ne mæg hé sceát áfyllan non implevit sinum suum, 128, 5. Gripon unfægre under sceát werum scearpe gáras sharp spears fixed cruel fangs within the breasts of men, Cd. Th. 124, 17; Gen. 2064. In sceát álegd ɫ bewedded ɫ befest desponsata (cf. gesceátwyrpe despondi, Wrt. Voc. ii. 25, 72, and Icel. bera, leiða á skaut of the ceremony which was a recognition of a child's legitimacy or of a person's adoption, v. Cl. and Vig. Dict. skaut, 3, and Grmm. R. A. p. 160), Mt. Kmbl. Rush. 1, 18. Gif hió óðrum mæn in sceát bewyddod sí if she be betrothed to another man, L. Ethb. 83; Th. i. 24, 5. IV a. the bosom, surface of the earth:--On ðone sélestan foldan sceátes (Thorpe would read sceáta, cf. III) ðone fira bearn nemnaþ neorxna wong in the fairest part of earth's surface, which the children of men call Paradise, Exon. Th. 225, 28; Ph. 396. Geond eorþan sceát over earth's surface, 331, 8; Vy. 65. Ic wát ðætte wile woruldmen tweógan geond foldan sceát búton feá áne (cf. went fulneáh eall moncyn on tweónunga, Bt. 4; Fox 8, 18), Met. 4, 52. Sió forme eld geond eorþan sceát (cf. seó forme eld ðises middangeardes, Bt. 15; Fox 48, 3), 8, 5. Ofer foldan sceát, Exon. Th. 428, 22; Rä. 42, 5. Ofer ealne foldan sceát, 5, 21; Cri. 72. Deófol gefeallaþ in sweartne lég under foldan sceát, 94, 2; Cri. 1534. V. a bay; sinus:--Wæs hé besenced on sumne sǽs sceát demersus est in sinu maris, Bd. 1, 33; S. 499, 6. VI. a garment :-- Sceát vel heortes hýd nebris, Wrt. Voc. i. 26, 26. Ðá ástód hé semninga and getogene ðý wǽpne under his sceáte rǽsde on ðone cyning (cf. Icel. hann hafði und skauti sér leyniliga handöxi) exsurrexit repente, et evaginata sub vests sica, impetum fecit in regem, Bd. 2, 9; S. 511, 21: Exon. Th. 431, 3; Rä. 45, 2: 391, 18; Rä. 10, 7. VII. a cloth, napkin :-- Sceát manuterium vel mantele, Wrt. Voc. i. 82, 38: ma[n]tile, 290, 72: ii. 56, 48: gausape, 41, 13. Ealle neádbehéfe þing, ðæt is. . . nǽdl sceát weaxbreda omnia necessaria, id est . . . acus, mappula, tabule, R. Ben. 92, 3. Ðæt hé Godes gifa ne becnytte on ðæm sceáte his slǽwþe. Past. 9; Swt. 59, 16. Nam ðǽre moldan sumne dǽl, gebond on his sceáte (inligans in linteo). . . Áhéng hé ðone sceát (linteolum) on áne studu. Bd. 3, 10; S. 534, 24-29. Seóþ eft mid sceáte óðres godwebbes, Lchdm. i. 332, 5. VII a. with the idea of concealment, cloak, fold :-- Ne mágon gé ða word geséðan ðe gé hwíle nú on unriht wrigon under womma sceátum, Elen. Kmbl. 1162; El. 583. [Goth. skauts; m. the hem of a garment, skirt: O. Frs. skát, skirt: O. H. Ger. scóz; m. f. gremium, sinus; scóza; f gremium, sinus, lacinia: Icel. skaut; n.] v. beód-, feder-, grund-, weofod-sceát, sceáta, scíte.
sceáta, an; m. I. a corner, angle:--Sicilia is þrýscýte (tria habet promontoria) on ǽlces sceátan ende sindon beorgas. Ðone norþsceátan man hǽt Polores . . . and se súþsceáta hátte Bachinum . . . and ðone westsceátan man hǽt Libeum . . . se þridda sceáta is án hund and syfan and hund syfantig míla westlang, Ors. 1, 1; Swt. 28, 2-9. II. the lower corner of a sail (cf. sheet the rope fastened to the lower corner of a sail: Icel. skaut, skaut-reip the sheet of a sail):--Sceáta pes veli, Wrt. Voc. i. 63, 59. III. bosom, lap :-- Geond ealne ymbhwyrft eorþan sceátan, Exon. Th. 359, 26; Pa. 68. IV. a cloth, napkin :-- Hé geseah Godes engel drýgan mid sceátan s&c-tilde;i Laurentius limu, Shrn. 115, 23. [O. H. Ger. scózo; m. gremium, sinus: Icel. skauti a kerchief used as a purse by knitting all four corners together so as to make a bag.] v. preceding word.
sceát-codd, es; m. A bag, wallet, sack :-- Metefætels vel sceátcod sitarchia, Wrt. Voc. i. 16, 39. [Cf. Icel. skauti (given under the preceding word).]
sceáþ, scǽþ, e; f. A sheath :-- Sceáþ vagina, Wrt. Voc. i. 35, 19: 84, 25. Sweord of sceáþe átugon ða synfullan gladium evaginaverunt peccatores, Ps. Spl. 36, 14: Judth. Thw. 22, 26; Jud. 79. Of scéþe, Byrht. Th. 136, 37; By. 162. Ða sweord on heora sceáðum behýdde wǽron gladii reconduntur in vaginas, Prud. 72 a. Brugdon scealcas of sceáþum scírmǽled swyrd, Judth. Thw. 24, 38; Jud. 230. Scǽþum, Cd. Th. 120, 9; Gen. 1992. Hé áwende his swurd intó ðære sceáþe, Homl. Th. i. 482, 32. On scæáþe (scǽþe, MSS. A. B. C.), Jn. Skt. 18, 11. On hys scǽþe, Mt. Kmbl. 26, 52. [O. Sax. skéðia: O. H. Ger. sceida theca, vagina : Icel. skeiðir; pl. a sheath.]
sceaþa, an; m. I. one who does harm, a criminal, wretch, miscreant, an enemy :-- Sceaþa, deógol dǽdhata (Grendel), Beo. Th. 554; B. 274. Nú earttú (Satan) earm, sceaþa in fýrlocan feste gebunden, Cd. Th. 268, 19; Sat. 57. His feónd áfyllan ðe ðone scaþan (the assassin Eomer) sende, Chr. 626; Erl. 23, 34. Fýnd ɫ sceaþan inimici, Ps. Lamb. 9, 7. Gewítaþ, áwirgede woruldsorga, of mínes þegenes móde, forðam gé sind ða mǽstan sceaþan, Bt. 3; Fox 4, 24. Scyppend sceaþan onféngon syngum hondum, Exon. Th. 70, 2; Cri. 1132. Beraþ linde forþ in sceaþena gemong bear the linden shields forth into the press of the foe, Judth. Thw. 24, 17; Jud. 193. Wælstreámas (the waters of the Deluge) werodum swelgaþ, sceaþum scyldfullum, Cd. Th. 78, 32; Gen. 1302. I a. a spiritual enemy, fiend, devil :-- Se sceaþa (the devil who tempted Eve), 38, 14; Gen. 606, Sceaþa, Satanes þegn, Salm. Kmbl. 234; Sal. 116. Ðæt hé ús gescilde wið sceaþan wǽpnum, láþra lyge-searwum, Exon. Th. 48, 22; Cri. 775: Andr. Kmbl. 2584; An. 1293. Fǽcnum feónde hýrdes, sceþþendum sceaþan, Exon. Th. 85, 24; Cri.1396. Helle hæftling, scyldigne sceaþan, Salm. Kmbl. 257; Sal. 128. Sceaþan (the fallen angels) hwearfdon earme æglécan geond ðæt atole scref, Cd. Th. 269, 13; Sat. 72. In ðæt sceaþena scræf hell, 304, 20; Sat. 633. Scyldwyrcende sceaþan (the fallen angels), Elen. Kmbl. 1521; El. 762. II. a spoiler, robber :-- Sceaþa predo, Wrt. Voc. ii. 88, 66. Hé is þeóf and sceaþa ille fur est et latro, Jn. Skt. 10, l: Exon. Th. 54, 20; Cri. 871. Se sceaþa the thief (on the cross), Homl. Th. ii. 78, 18. 'Hwæt eart ðú ðe ðýn ansýn ys swylce ánes sceaþan.' Hé (the penitent thief) hym andswarode: 'Sóð gé secgaþ ðæt ic sceaþa wæs and ealle yfelu on eorþan wyrcende,' Nicod. 32; Thw. 18, 19-22. Hé (Judas) wæs gítsere and se wyresta sceaþa, Blickl. Homl. 69, 11. Swá swá tó ánum sceaþan (ad latronem) gé férdon, Mk. Skt. 14, 48: Lk. Skt. 22, 52. Sceaþena scip paro, Wrt. Voc. i. 56, 27. Hí habbaþ démena and sceaþena dǽda, Blickl. Homl. 63, 9. Óðer hine scyhte ðæt hé sceaþena gemót nihtes sóhte (cf. hé (Guthlac) menigfeald wæl felde and slóh and of mannum heora ǽhta nam, Guthl. 2; Gdwin. 14, 5-6), Exon. Th. 109, 31; Gú. 98. Gé hit dóþ sceaþum tó scrafum 'ye have made it a den of thieves,' Blickl. Homl. 71, 20. Hé wæs on mycelre frecednysse on wéstene betwux sceaþum, Homl. Th. i. 392, 7. Sum man becom on ða sceaþan ða hine bereáfodon homo quidam incidit in latrones qui etiam despoliauerunt, Lk. Skt. 10, 30. III. with a favourable meaning, a warrior :-- Scaþan onetton, wǽron æþelingas eft tó leódum fúse tó farenne, Beo. Th. 3610; B. 1803. Scaþan scírhame tó scipe fóron, 3794; B. 1895. [O. Sax. skaðo a robber, evildoer.] v. átor-, dol-, fǽr-, feónd-, folc-, fyrn-, gilp-, gúþ-, hell-, helle-, hearm-, leód-, lyft-, mán-, mór-, níþ-, sǽ-, syn-, þeód-, þeóf-, úht-, wam-, wícing-sceaþa, and next word.
sceaþa, an; m. Scathe, harm, injury :-- Cwæð ðæt sceaþena mǽst eallum heora eaforum æfter siððan wurde on worulde, Cd. Th. 85, 4; Gen. 549. [O. H. Ger. scado damnum, noxia, detrimentum: Icel. skaði scathe, harm, damage. Cf. Goth. skaþis wrong.] v. sceþþ[u].
sceaþa (?), sceáþ (?) a nail :-- Tácon ðara sceaðana (sceoðona, Rush.) . . . styd ðara scæððana figuram clauorum . . . locum clauorum, Jn. Skt. Lind. 20, 25. v. horn-sceaþa.
sceaþan; p. scód, sceód; pp. sceaþen. [This strong form seems almost confined to the poetry, the prose maiking use of sceþþan, q. v.] To scathe, hurt, harm, injure, (a) with dat.:-- Ðé ne sceaþeþ ǽnig, Ps. Th. 90, 7. Oft ic ó;ðrum scód, Exon. Th. 401, 22; Rä. 21, 15. Hé tóswengde líges leóman, swá hyra líce ne scód, 189, 16; Az. 60: 197, 9; Az. 187. Se ðe nǽngum scód, 90, l; Cri. 1467. Ðæt éce níþ ældum scód, 346, 5; Gn. Ex. 200. Ús hearde sceód freólecu fǽmne (Eve), Cd. Th. 61, 15; Gen. 997: 245, 17; Dan. 464. Sió hæleþum sceód (punished?), Elen. Kmbl. 1415; El. 709. Him ða cwyðe frécne scódon, Cd. Th. 96, 20; Gen. 1597. Scódun, Exon. Th. 134, 30; Gú. 516. Ðæt him feóndes hond æt ðam ýtemestan ende ne scóde, 129, 1; Gú. 414. Sceaþen is mé sáre, frécne on ferhþe. Cd. Th. 53, 31; Gen. 869. (b) with acc.:--Oft mec ísern scód sáre on sídan, Exon. Th. 485, 14; Rä. 71, 13. (c) without a case:--Ne ic ne scaþe (scaþeð, MS.) neque nocebo, Ps. Spl. 88, 33. Ðý læs scyldhatan sceaþan mihton. Andr. Kmbl. 2296; An. 1149. [Goth. skaþjan; p. skóþ.] v. sceþþan, sceaþian.
sceaþ-dǽd, e; f. A misdeed, crime :-- Scsæþdǽd facinus, Wrt. Voc. i. 21, 27. Sceþdǽd, ii. 39, 33. [Þat he hine awreke a þan awarriede uolke, þa hine isend hafden mid heore, scaðededen, Laym. 29578.]
sceaþel, e; f. A shuttle (?):--Hé sceal habban fela tówtóla . . . crancstæf, sceaþele, seámsticcan, Anglia ix. 263, 14.
sceaþenness, e; f. Injury, damage :-- Án wíf mihte gegán bútan ǽlcere sceaþenysse fram sǽ tó sǽ ofer eall ðis eálond ut etiam si mulier vellet totam perambulare insulam a mari ad mare, nullo se laedente valeret, Bd. 2, 16; S. 520, 2. Hé oft stormas fram his sylfes sceþenisse and his geférena scylde and wiðsceáf tempestates a sua suorumque laesione repellere consueverat, 2, 7; S. 509, 32.
sceaþfullíce, sceaþfulness. v. un-sceaþfullíce, un-sceaþfulness.
sceaþian; p. ode To hurt, harm, spoil, rob :-- Ne sceaþa ðú thou shalt not steal, Wulfst. 66, 18. Ðæt deófol tó swýðe ne sceaþige, L. I. P. 7; Th. ii. 312, 26. Gif hwylc þeódsceaþa sceaþian onginneþ, Th. ii. 310, 24: L. C. E. 26; Th. i. 374, 29. Scaðian, Wulfst. 191, 19. Se ðe wǽre sceaþigende (scaþiende), weorðe se tiligende on rihtlícre tilþe, 72, 12. [O. L. Ger. scathan; pp. ge-scathot: O. Frs. skathia: O. H. Ger. scadón nocere: Icel. skaða; p. skaðaði.] v. ge-sceaþjan; sceaþan, sceþþan.
sceaþung, e; f. Injury, damage :-- Ge landfeoh ge fihtewíte ge stale ge wóhceápung ge burhwealles sceatinge (sceaþinge ?) ge ǽlc ðæra wónessa ðe tó ǽnigre bóte gebyrie, ðæt hit áge healf ðære cyrcean hláford, Chart. Th. 138, 18.
sceát-líne, an; f. The sheet of a sail, the rope fastened to the lower end of a sail :-- Sceátlíne (sceac-, MS.) propes, Wrt. Voc. i. 56, 62: 63, 58. Cf. fótráp propes, 48, 25, and Icel. skaut-reip.
sceatt, es; m. I. property, goods, wealth, treasure :-- Scaet bona, Txts. 44, 157. Scet bona, scettas bon [i], Wrt. Voc. ii. 11, 22-23. Scættas bo[n]i, 126, 45. Hé cwæð ðæt ðé ǽniges sceates þearf ne wurde on worulde, Cd. Th. 32, 15; Gen. 503. Nys unc sceattes wiht tó mete gemearcod, 50, 24; Gen. 813. Nǽron hí bescyrede sceattes willan non sunt fraudati a desiderio suo, Ps. Th. 77, 29. [Swá manega gersumas on sceat and on scrúd and on bókes swá nán man ne mæi tæleln, Chr. 1070; Erl. 209, 14.] Hí námon ealle his wépna and gold and seolfor and ealle his sceattas ðe hí mihton geáxian, 1064; Erl. 194, 17: 1069; Erl. 207, 14: 1071; Erl. 210, 23. On geweald woroldcyninga ðæm sélestan ðara ðe sceattas dǽlde, Beo. Th. 3377; B. 1686. I a. of property which is paid as a price or contribution, price, gift, bribe, tax, tribute, money, goods :-- Anweald on sibbe smyltnesse gehealdan mid gefeohte oððe mid scette (by fighting or by paying tribute), Lchdm. iii. 436, 15. Ne wanda ðú for nánum scette for ðam médsceattas áblendaþ wísra manna geþancas non accipies munera, quia munera excoecant oculos sapientum. Deut. 16, 19, Æt ðam lande ðe arcebisceop gebohte mid his ágenan sceatte (with his own money), Cod. Dip. Kmbl. iv. 86, 10. Godwine geann Leófwine ðæs dænnes . . . æt ðon sceatte (at the price) ðe Leófsunu him geldan scolde, ðæt is, feówertig penega and twá pund and eahta ámbra cornes, vi. 178, 11: Cod. Dip. B. i. 544, 4. Hé begeat swíðe mycelne sceatt of his mannan . . . férde syððan intó Normandíge he (William) levied a large sum of money from his men . . . and afterwards went into Normandy, Chr. 1085; Erl. 219, 10. Mænige gefóþ hwælas and micelne sceat ðanon begytaþ multi capiunt cetos, et magnum pretium inde acquirunt, Coll. Monast. Th. 25, 3: Ps. Spl. 61, 4. Mænig welig man is ðe wolde mycelne scet and ungerím feós syllan, gif hé hit gebicgan mihte, Homl. Skt. i. 12, 101. Gif hit fácne is him man his scæt ágefe if the marriage-contract be fraudulent, what he has paid shall be returned to him, L. Eth. 77; Th. i. 22. 3: 78; Th. i. 22, 4. Gif man mannan ofsleá, ágene scætte and unfácne feó gehwilce gelde, 30; Th. i. 10, 4: 31-5; Th. i. 10, 7. Abram underféng fela sceatta for hire hé hæfde ðá on orfe and on þeówum on olfendum and on assum micele ǽhte Abram bene usi sunt propter illam, fueruntque ei oves et boves et asini et servi et cameli, Gen. 12, 16. Ða bodan cómon mid sceattum habentes divinationis pretium in manibus, Num. 22, 7. Gif ðú ðæt gerǽdest, ðæt ðú wille syllan sǽmannum feoh . . . wé willaþ mid ðám sceattum ús tó scype gangan, Byrht. Th. 132, 62; By. 40. Hér fór se cyng ofer sǽ and hæfde mid him gíslas and sceattas (the contributions he had levied), Chr. 1067; Erl. 203, 34. ¶ Teóþa sceatt a tithe :-- Ðæs hereteámes ealles teóþan sceat sealde 'he gave him tithes of all' (Gen. 14, 20), Cd. Th. 128, 5; Gen. 2122. Bringaþ gé on mín beren eówerne teóþan sceat (Malachi 3, 10), Blickl. Homl. 39, 26: 53, 11. Ðonne lǽre ic eów, ðæt gé syllon eówre teóþan sceattas earmum mannum, 49, 19: 43, 3. Abram his teóþan sceattas (decimas) offrede, Prud. 5 a: L. Alf. 38; Th. i. 52, 31. II. a piece of money, a coin :-- Sceat obulum, Wrt. Voc. ii. 64, 78. Nis woruldfeoh ðe ic mé ágan wille, sceat ne scilling (cf. O. Frs. mit schat ende mit schillinge: O. H. Ger. scaz unde schillinch), Cd. Th. 129, 13; Gen. 2143. Ne þearf ic N. sceatt ne scilling, ne pænig ne pæniges weorð, L. O. 11; Th. i. 182, 9. Se mé beág forgeaf on ðam siex hund wæs smǽtes goldes gescyred sceatta scillingríme, Exon. Th. 324, 9; Víd. 92. Hí behéton hire sceattas dabimus tibi singuli mille et centum argenteos, Jud. 16, 5. Wé ðé mid ús willaþ ferigan. . . siððan gé eówre gafulrǽdenne ágifen habbaþ, sceattas gescrifene, Andr. Kmbl. 593; An. 297. II a. as the name of an English coin the word is found in the form scætt in the laws of Ethelbert of Kent. It is inferred from a comparison of passages in these that the value of the scætt in Kent was one-twentieth of a shilling, v. Thorpe's Glossary. The sceatt is also mentioned in the Mercian law, Th. i. 190, 5, where '30, 000 sceatta' is equivalent to '120 punda.' This would give 250 sceatts to the pound. In the Northern Gospels dragmas decem is glossed by 'fíf sceattas teásiðum,' while the West-Saxon version has 'týn scyllingas.' If the sums here given may be regarded as equal, the sceatt would be worth a West-Saxon penny, the value which it appears to have in the Mercian law. The coin then seems to be of different values in Kent and in the more northern parts of England. [Goth. skatts, GREEK, GREEK, GREEK: O. Sax. skatt money, property, piece of money:O. Frs. skett: O. H. Ger. scaz substantia, mobilia, pretium, lucrum, pecunia, aes, denarius, quadrans, obolus: Icel. skattr tribute.] v. feoh-, fere-, freó-, geþing-, gif-, mán-, méd-, ofer-, teóþing-, wæstm-sceatt; scír-gesceatt.
-sceatte, -sceattinga, sceát-weorpan. v. twí-sceatte, or-sceattinga, sceát, IV.
sceáwend-sprǽc, e; f. Buffoonery, the speech of the theatre :-- Sceáwendsprǽc scurrilitas (scarilitas, MS.), Wrt. Voc. ii. 96, 65. v. sceáwere, V.
sceáwend-wíse, an; f. A jesting song, song of a jester :-- Ic sceáwendwísan hlúde onhyrge, Exon. Th. 391, l; Rä. 9, 9. v. preceding word.
sceáwere, es; m. I. an observer, one who examines into a matter :-- Wé willaþ ðæt se sceáwre wite mid fullum geráde, ðe ðis gewrit áspyraþ, Anglia viii. 331, l. Ðone dóm ðæs sceáweres spectatoris judicium, Past. 15, 3; Swt. 93, 6. II. a spy :-- Hé sende sceáwere (scéware, Lind.) misso speculatore, Mk. Skt. Rush. 6, 27. Gé synd sceáweras exploratores estis, Gen. 42, 9, 14. Leáse sceáweras, Beo. Th. 511; B. 253. Moises sende twelf sceáweras, Num. 13, 4: Jos. 2, l. III. a watch-tower (?):--Sceáwere speculia (the word occurs in a list of military terms), Wrt. Voc. i. 36, 4. IV. a mirror :-- Sceáwere speculea (in a list of words connected with dress. Cf. Alse hit bi þe wimman and bi sheawere . ERROR hie bihalt hire sheawere . ERROR and cumeð hire shadewe þaronne, O. E. Homl. ii. 29, 10. Godes word is ase a uayr ssewere, ine huam me yziʒt alle þe lakkes of þe herte, Ayenb. 202, 21. Sheweres glasses (A. V.), Wick. Isaiah 3, 23), 40, 54. V. a buffoon, an actor (v. sceáwend-sprǽc):--Sceáwera scurrarum, ii. 90, 13. [O. H. Ger. scouwari spectator, contemplator, scrutator.] v. be-, fore-, steór-sceáwere.
sceáwian; p. ode. I. to look :-- Ic sceáwode tó swíðran considerabam ad dexteram. Ps. Spl. 141, 5: Ps. Th. 141, 4. II. to look at, observe, behold, see :-- Ðonne hé ðæs fácnes fintan sceáwaþ, Exon. Th. 315, 17; Mód. 32. Dryhten sceáwaþ hwǽr ða eardien ðe his ǽ healden, 105, 19; Gú. 25. Ðǽr hí sceáwiaþ Scyppendes giefe, 220, 28; Ph. 327. Ðǽr hit eágum folc eall sceáwiaþ in conspectu omnis populi, Ps. Th. 115, 8. Ðú ðæs eágan eall sceáwadest gesége fyrenfulra wíte oculis tuis considerabis, et retributionem peccatorum videbis, 90, 8. Sceáwode conspicatur, Wrt. Voc. ii. 18, 26: 80, 71. Ðá sceáwode Scyppend úre his weorca wlite, Cd. Th. 13, 21; Gen. 206. Hí sceáwodon Scyppend engla, 298, 18; Sat. 535. Ðé wæter sceáwedon viderunt te aquae, Ps. Th. 76, 13: Beo. Th. 265; B. 132: 1971; B. 983. Sceáwa heofon, Cd. Th. 132, 6; Gen. 2189. Ðæt ic ðín wuldur sceáwige ut viderem gloriam tuam, Ps. Th. 62, 2. Ðú ðínra bearna bearn sceáwige (videas), 127, 7. Ða mon mæg sceáwian gehealdene on Cantwara cyricean quae in ecclesiae Cantiae conservata monsirantur, Bd. 2, 20; S. 522, 10: Beo. Th. 1685; B. 840. Onwreóh ðú míne eágan, ðæt ic wel mǽge on ðínre ǽ sceáwian wundur, Ps. Th. 118, 18. Ðæt hé móste God sceáwian, Cd. Th. 297, 29; Sat. 524. Andgiettácen (the rainbow) sceáwigan, 93, 4; Gen. 1540. Ðæt mæg mon on bócum sceáwigean, hú monega gewin hé dreógende wæs, Ors. 1, 11; Swt. 50, 25. Hwylce ða nú synd tó sceáwigenne quales illi nunc appareant, L. Ecg. P. iv. 66; Th. ii. 226, 21. Tó sceáwianne, Exon. Th. 57, 7; Cri. 915. Sceáwiendum contemplantibus, intuentibus, Wrt. Voc. ii. 134, 83. III. to look at, look on with favour, to regard, have respect to :-- Ic sceáwiu wegas ðíne 'I will have respect unto thy ways' (A. V.), Ps. Surt. 118, 15. Hé hyra dǽde sceáwaþ God will regard the deeds of the charitable, Exon. Th. 106, 35; Gú. 51. Hé sceáwode ða eáþmódnesse his þeówene respexit humilitatem ancillae suae, Blickl. Homl. 7, 3. Sceáwa (respice) ðis folc, Ex. 33, 13. Cyning eallwihta Caines ne wolde tiber sceáwian 'to Cain and to his offering the Lord had not respect' (A. V. Gen. 4, 5), Cd. Th. 60, 9; Gen. 979. IV. to look at with care, consider, inspect, examine, scrutinize, reconnoitre :-- Sceáwaþ speculatur, Wülck. Gl. 250, 8. Ðá ðæt eall gedón wæs swá se geótere ðæm æðelinge ǽr behét se æðeling ðæt ðá sceáwode when all that was done as the founder (Perillus) promised the prince (Phalaris), the prince then inspected it, Ors. 1, 12; Swt. 54, 29. Se cyng sceáwode ðæt mádmehús and ða gersuman ðe his fæder ǽr gegaderode, Chr. 1086; Erl. 223, 27. Ðonne seó ádl cume ǽrest on ðone mannan, ðonne sceáwa his tungan, Lchdm. ii. 280, 8. Sceáwiaþ ða lilian hú hí wexaþ considerate lilia quomodo crescunt, Lk. Skt. 12, 27. Ic eów bidde ðæt ánra manna gehwylc sceáwige hine sylfne on his heortan, Blickl. Homl. 57, 33: 107, 13. Moyses sende and hét sceáwian Azer misit Moyses, qui explorarent Jazer, Num. 21, 32. Iosue ásende twegen sceáweras dígellíce and hét sceáwian ðæt land, Jos. 2, 1. Him ðá féran gewát land sceáwian, Cd. Th. 106, 33; Gen. 1780: Beo. Th. 2831; B. 1413. Hord sceáwian, 5481; B. 2744. Land sceáwigan, Cd. Th. 115, 16; Gen. 1920. Ðá ongon ic geornlícor ðá stówe sceáwigan and geond ða bearwas gongan igitur perambulare totum nemus incipio, Nar. 27, 20. Ceós ðé menn ðæt magon sceáwigean ðone eard mitte viros, qui considerent terram, Num. 13, 3. Gé cómon ðis land tó sceáwienne, Gen. 42, 12. V. to look out, seek for, select, choose, provide :-- Ðá sceáwode man þreó þegnas of ðam gemóte three thanes were chosen from the moot (to go on a certain business), Chart. Th. 337, 12. Gyf ðú énigne gódne heorde hæbbe ... sceáwa hyne mé; gyf ðú ðonne nánne swá gerádne næbbe, séc hyne óð ðú hyne finde, Shrn. 164, 31. Se ðe ðás gemót forbúge, ðonne sceáwige (scifte, MS. D.) man of ðam gemóte ða ðe him tó rídan, L. Edg. ii. 7; Th. i. 268, 15: L. C. S. 25; Th. i. 390, 18. Him Loth gewát wíc sceáwian óþ ðæt hié eorþscræf fundon Lot went seeking a dwelling, until they found a cave, Cd. Th. 156, 24; Gen. 2593. Drihtnes earc fór beforan him þrí dagas sceáwiende ða wícstówa providens castrorum locum, Num. 10, 33. VI. to shew (favour, respect, etc.), to grant, v. ge-sceáwian, I :-- Ðá geornde se eorl griðes and gísla ... Ðá wyrnde him mann ðera gísla and sceáwede him maim .v. nihta grið út of lande tó farenne then the earl asked for safe-conduct and hostages. ... The hostages were refused him, and safe-conduct during five days was granted him to go out of the country, Chr. 1048; Erl. 180, 11-14. [O. Sax. skawón to see, observe: O. L. Ger. scauwón, scouwón respicere, despicere: O. Frs. skawia, skowia to see, inspect: O. H. Ger. scawón, scauwón, scouwón videre, conspicere, intendere, considerare, contemplari, scrutari, speculari, perpensare, censere.] v. be-, ge-, geond-, ofer-sceáwian.
sceáwigend. v. leóht-, ofer-sceáwigend.
sceáwung, e; f. I. a looking at, contemplation, consideration :-- Embeþonc vel sceáwung circumspectio, Wrt. Voc. ii. 131, 27. Tó dígolnesse and tó stilnesse becom ðære godcundan sceáwunge ancorlífes ad anachoreticae contemplationis silentia secreta pervenit, Bd. 4, 28; S. 605, 11. Se biþ eallenga blind se ðe nóht ne ongiet be ðam leóhte ðære uplecan sceáwunge caecus quippe est, qui supernae contemplationis lumen ignorat, Past. 11, 1; Swt. 65, 7. Sceáwunga, 16, 1; Swt. 99, 2. For ðære sceáwungge ðara ungesewenlícra þinga invisibilium contemplatione, Swt. 99, 8. Tó ðære sceáwunga ðære sóþan gesǽlþe. Bt. 34, 8; Fox 144, 33: Met. 21, 24. Sceáwunge intuitu, Wülck. Gl. 250, 7. Sceáunge aspectu, Rtl. 74, 7. Ǽrest ic hyt leornode myd ðám eágum, syððan myð ðam ingeþance ... ac syððan ic hyt ongyten hæfde ðá forlǽt ic ða sceáwunga mid ðam eágum, Shrn. 175, 8. II. respect, regard :-- Nis scáwung heora deáþes non est respectus morti eorum, Ps. Lamb. 72, 4. III. reconnoitring, surveying, examination :-- Swíðost hé fór ðider, tóeácan ðæs landes sceáwunge, for ðǽm horschwælum, Ors. 1, 1; Swt. 17, 35. IV. a spectacle, show :-- Al ðe here hiora ða ðe tógedre cómun tó sceáwunga ðæt ad spectaculum istud, Lk. Skt. Rush. 23, 48. Ðá hét Neron gewyrcean mycelne tor, and beád ðæt eall ðæt folc cóme tó ðisse sceáwunga (the spectacle of Simon flying from the tower), Blickl. Homl. 187, 13. V. a show, appearance, pretence :-- Under sceáwunge longes gibedes sub obtentu prolixae orationis, Mk. Skt. Rush. 12, 40. VI. as a technical term, the same as ostensio, which occurs L. Eth. iv. 2; Th. i. 300, 20, and is explained in Du Cange: Tributum a mercatoribus exigi solitum pro facultate ostendendi et exponendi merces in nundinis. Seáwing, scheáwing is mentioned as being granted to the church at Westminster by Edward the Confessor in English charters, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. iv. 213, 11: 215, 7: and the form sceáwing occurs in Latin charters, Chart. Th. 359, 4: 411, 29. [O. H. Ger. scouwunga consideratio, contemplatio, tuitio, providentia, spectaculum, speculum.] v. blód-, for-, fore-sceáwung.
sceb, scecel. v. sceabb, sceacel.
scecgan (?); p. scægde To jut out, project, be distinguished. [Cf. Icel. skaga; p. skagði to project.] v. tó-scecgan.
sced, scédan, scedeht, scefe, Scéfing. v. scead, sceádan, sceadiht, scyfe, Sceafa.
Scede-land, Sceden-íg. The latter, occurring Beo. 3376; B. 1686, is the same as the Icel. Skán-ey, in Wulfstans narrative, Scón-ég (q.v.): the former (in pl.) seems to denote all the Danish or Scandinavian lands :-- Blæd wíde sprang Scyldes eaferan Scedelandum in, Beo. 38; B. 19.
scegð, scǽð, es; m.: e; f. A light, swift vessel :-- Scægð trieris, Wrt. Voc. i. 64, 1. Sceið, 56, 13. Litel scip vel sceigð scapha vel trieris, 47, 61. Ic gean mínre scǽðe for mínre sáwle intó Hramsége healfe ðam abbode and healfe ðam híréde, Chart. Th. 598, 9. Syððan hé tó lande cymþ, ðonne forlǽt hé ðæt scyp standan; for ðam him þincþ syððan ðæt hé mǽge ǽð bútan faran ðonne mid. Eáðre mé þincþ ðeáh myd scéðþe on lande tó farande, ðonne mé þynce mid ðám eágum bútan ðære gesceádwísnesse ǽnigne creft tó geleornianne, Shrn. 175, 11-15. Scehð liburnam, navim, Hpt. Gl. 406, 51. Hér bebeád se cyng ðæt man sceolde ofer eall Angelcynn scipu wircean; ðæt is ðonne of þrým hund hídum and of x hídon ǽnne scegð (scægð, MS. D.), Chr. 1008; Erl. 141, 18. See note. Scéthas curuanas (?), Wrt. Voc. ii. 137, 52. [A word taken from the Danes. Icel. skeið; f. a swift-sailing ship of war. v. next word.
scegð-mann, es; m. A member of the crew of a scegð, a Dane, a pirate (cf. wícing, sǽ-man, flot-man, scip-here and similar terms applied to the Danes) :-- Wícing vel scegðman pirata vel piraticus vel cilix, Wrt. Voc. i. 18, 59. Wícing oððe scegðman (scægð-, scǽð-, sceigð-) pirata, Ælfc. Gr. 7; Zup. 24, 9. Gif man secge on landes mann ðæt hé orf stǽle oððon man slóge, and hit secge án sceiðman and án landes mann (a Dane and a native Englishman), L. Eth. ii. 7; Th. i. 288, 8. Ægelsig þe Reáda and Winsig Scægðman, Chart. Th. 337, 17. v. preceding word.
scehdun, Exon. Th. 61, 6; Cri. 980. v. scildan.
scel, sceld (a shield), sceld (a fault), sceldig, scel-ége. v. scill, scild, scyld, scyldig, sceolh-íge.
scelfan; p. scealf, pl. sculfon To shake, quiver, totter :-- On ðyssum stapelum sceall ǽlc cynestól standan mid rihte on cristenre þeóde, and áwácie heora ǽnig, sóna se stól scylfþ ... áwácie se cristendóm, sóna scylfþ se cynedóm, L. I. P. 4; Th. ii. 308, 1-7: Wulfst. 267, 18. Ne hrisil scelfaeð, Txts. 151, 7. [Icel. skjálfa; p. skalf to shiver, shake, quiver.]
scellan; p. sceall; pl. scullon To sound, make a noise :-- Scylþ, cirmþ crepitat, resonat, Wrt. Voc. ii. 136, 72. [Cum qð þe culure wið schillinde stefne, Marh. 19, 19. O. L. Ger. ir-scal increpuit: O. H. Ger. scellan; p. scal, pl. scullun sonare, clangere, tinnire, crepitare: Icel. skjalla; p. skall, pl. skullu to clash, clatter.] v. scillan.
scelle glosses concisium, Wrt. Voc. ii. 105, 10: 15, 15: Wülck. Gl. 214, 7. [Cf. M. H. Ger. zer-schellen to shatter: Icel. skellr a loud splash; a smiting, beating. Or (?) cf. Goth. skilja a butcher: Icel. skilja to divide.] v. scellan, wael-scel.
Sceltifére (?); pl. The Celtiberians :-- Se mǽsta ege from Sceltiuérin ingens Celtiberorum metus, Ors. 4, 12; Swt. 208, 24.
scenc, es; m. A draught, cup :-- Scenc ðú sylst ús potum dabis nobis, Ps. Spl. C. 79, 6. Cælc ɫ scenc wætres caldes calicem aquae frigidae, Mt. Kmbl. Lind. 10, 42. Drince scenc fulne, Lchdm. ii. 116, 21. Genim ðysse ylcan wyrte seáw ánne scenc (scænc, MS. H.), i. 110, 21. Nim þrý scenceas (scæncas, MS. B.) gódes wínes, 90, 19: 110, 10. [He lette heom bringen schenches of feole cunne drenches, Laym. 13461. M. H. Ger. shanc a cup.] v. medu-scenc.
scencan; p. te To skink (v. Nares' Glossary for instances of the use of this word), to pour out liquor for drinking, to give to drink (lit. and fig.) :-- Ðú scæncst potabis, Ps. Lamb. 35, 9. Ðæt góde wín ðæt hé scencþ nú geond his gelaðunge, Homl. Th. ii. 70, 11. Ðonne scencþ hé ða scylde mid ðære bisene ǽlcum ðæra ðe him ǽnges yfles tó wénþ cunctis mala credentibus per exemplum culpa propinatur, Past. 59, 5; Swt. 451, 24. Heó bær drincan and ús eallum þénade and scencte óð ðæt ðæt gereorde gefylled wæs obtulit poculum, coeptumque ministerium nobis omnibus propinandi usque ad prandium completum non omisit, Bd. 5, 4; S. 617, 26. Þegn, se ðe on handa bær hroden ealowǽge, scencte scír wered, Beo. Th. 996; B. 496. Feónd byrlade ðære idese, and heó (Eve) hyre were scencte, Exon. Th. 161, 12; Gú. 957. Mé þyrste, and gé mé scencton (cf. drincan sealdon, l. 21) ... Hwænne gesáwe wé ðé þurstigne, and wé ðé scencton? Homl. Th. ii. 108, 4-11: i. 336, 3: Wulfst. 288, 15. Ðá hí him betwih beadowíg scencton ðæs heofonlíces lífes dum sese alterutrum coelestis vitae poculis debriarent, Bd. 4, 29; S. 607, 17. Scencean propinare, Engl. Stud. ix. 40. Deáþes scencende drenc mortis propinans poculum, Hymn. Surt. 31, 15. [Nom heo (Rowena) ane bolle of ræde golde & heo gon scenchen, Laym. 14962. And tu . . . ne shennkesst nohht tatt wise, ne birrlesst tu þin hird, Orm. 15403. Þe drynke for to schenche, R. Glouc. 118, 12. Schenkyn drynke propino, Prompt. Parv. 445 (v. note). O. Frs. skenka : O. H. Ger. scenchen fundere, propinare, ministrare, porrigere: Icel. skenkja to serve drink, fill one's cup: cf. O. Sax. skenkio a skinker, cupbearer; O. L. Ger. skenki-vaz cyathus.] v. bi-, forþ-scencan.
scencel, scencen, gloss acrum, Wrt. Voc. ii. 10, 44: i. 16, 4.
scencing-cuppe, an; f. A cup in which drink is served: -- Heó bit ðæt hí findon betweox him twá smicere scencingcuppan intó beódern for hí Chart. Th. 536, 7. [Cf. O. L. Ger. skenki-vaz cyathus : O. H. Ger. scenche-bechar calix; scenche-naz poculum.]
scendan; p. de To put to shame, to abuse, insult, harm: -- Ic scendo confundam, Rtl. I. 25. Ðone scamleásan mon mæg ðý bet gebétan ðe hine mon suíður þreáþ and sciend (scent, Cott. MSS. ) impudentes melius corrigit, qui invehendo reprehendit, Past. 31, 1; Swt. 207, 6. Grendel nǽnegum áraþ leóde Deniga ac swefeþ ond scendeþ (? MS. sendeþ Leo, Heyne, Grein refer to sand, q. v., and would translate by feasts) Grendel spares no man of the Danes, but slays and puts to shame, Beo. Th. 1204;(ILLEGIBLE) B. 600. Ealne ðæne bysmor wé gyldaþ mid weorðscype ðám ðe ús scendaþ all the disgrace we repay with honour to those who bring shame on us, Wulfst. 163, 10. Hwilcan geþance mæg ǽnig man ǽfre geþencan on his móde ðæt hé tó sacerdan heáfod áhylde . . . and sóna dǽræfter hí scyrde oððe scynde mid worde oððe weorce injure or abuse them with word or deed, L. Eth. vii. 27; Th. i. 334, 36. Wé lǽraþ, ðæt ǽnig (ILLEGIBLE) gelǽred preóst ne scænde ðone sámlǽredan, ac gebéte hine, gif hé bet cunne, L. Edg. C. 12; Th. ii. 246, 18. Biscopas ná sceótan ná tó lǽwedum mannum ne ne scendan ná hý sylfe bishops shall not refer (their disputes) to laymen, nor bring disgrace upon themselves, L. I. P. 10; Th. ii. 316, 36. Giþyll scendende aura corrumpens, Rtl. 121, 40. Scend ɫ forhogod confunditur, spernitur, Hpt. Gl. 419, 4. Scende (confusi) wǽron ealle ðe mé yfel tó ǽr gesóhton, Ps. Th. 70, 22. ¶ With dat.: -- Se deópa seáþ mid wíta fela folcum scendeþ, Exon. Th. 94, 33; Cri. 1549. [Also ase þu wult schenden þene schucke, A. R. 316, 11. Men me wolden scenden, Laym. 14167. Shennd and shamedd, Orm. 1985. Uor to ssende and to destrue, Ayenb. 28, 22. Schendyñ confundo, culpo; schent culpatus, vituperatus, confusus, destructus, Prompt. Parv. 445, col. 1. O. L. Ger. scendan confundere: O. H. Ger. scenten.] v. ge-scendan.
scendele (?), an; f. Abuse, reproach: -- Fore scendla ɫ scending propter improbitatem, Lk. Skt. Lind. Rush. 11,8.
scendness, scendþ(u). v. ge-scendness, ge-scendþ(u) (Ps. Surt. 108, 29).
scendung, e; f. Abuse, harm: -- Scendung affliclio, Rtl. 86, 16. Fore scending propter improbitatem, Lk. Skt. Lind. 11, 8. v. for-scendung.
scéne, scén-feld. v. scíne, scín-feld.
scenn, e; f. (?) A plate of metal on the handle of a sword (?) (Worsaae, Primeval Antiquities, pp. 29, 49, notes that the handles of some of the early swords were covered with plates of gold. v. hilt) :-- Waes on ðǽm scennum scíran goldes þurh rúnstafas rihte gemearcod, hwam ðæt sweord geworht ǽrest wǽre, Beo. Th. 3392; B. 1694.
sceó a cloud (?) :-- Scearp cymeþ sceó wið óðrum, ecg wið ecge (of the coming together of clouds charged with electricity), Exon. Th. 385, 8; Rä. 4, 41. [O. Sax. skio : Icel. ský a cloud.]
sceó a shoe, sceocca, -sceód, sceófan, sceofl, sceógan, sceóh. v. scóh, scucca, scógan, scúfan, scofl, scógan, scóh.
sceóh; adj. I. shy, timid, fearful: -- Nú mín hreðer is hreóh, heówsíþum sceóh, Exon. Th. 354, 10; Reim. 43. II. wanton (?):-- Ðæs sción petulantis (peculantis, Wrt. ), Wrt. Voc. ii. 89, 24. [Lokeð þet ʒe ne beon nout iliche þe horse þet is scheouh, and blencheð nor one scheadewe . . . To scheowe heo beoð mid alle, þet fleoð nor ane peinture, þet þuncheð ham grislich uorto biholden, A. R. 242, 8-12, Schey or skey as hors, Prompt. Parv. 444, col. 2.. M. H. Ger. schiech fugax, pavidus. Cf. O. H. Ger. sciuhen expavescere, terrere: Ger. scheuchen to scare: scheuche a bugbear: Dan. sky fear.] v. next word.
sceóh-mód; adj. Fearful (wanton? ) of heart: -- Se synsceaþa tó scipe sceóhmód éhstreám sóhte, Exon. Th. 282, 32; Jul. 672. v. preceding word.
sceolh, sceol; adj. Oblique, wry: -- Of ðæm sceolan de scevo. Wrt. Voc. ii. 26, 67 : 85, 10. Sceolan scevi, 91, 47. [O. H. Ger. scelan strabo, strabus, obliquus: Ger. scheel: Icel. skjálgr oblique, squinting. Cf. skelly to squint (Yorks.).] v. next word.
sceolh-eágede; adj. Cross-eyed, squinting: -- Scelgégede strabo, Wrt. Voc. i. 75, 42. Sceolégede (scyl-, MSS. D. H. J.: -eágede, MS. J.) strabo, Ǽlfc. Gr. 9, 3; Zup. 36, 12. Scyleágede strabus, Wrt. Voc. i. 45, 56. Scylégede luscus, 43, 8. [Sculeiʒede, 89, 64. Dan. skel-öjed.] v. preceding and following words.
sceolh-íge; adj. Cross-eyed, squinting: -- Sceolhégi, sceolégi, scelége scevus, strabus, torbus, Txts. 98, 981. Sceolíge strabos, Wrt. Voc. ii. 92, 64. [Icel. skjól-eygr squinting.] v. preceding word.
sceolu, sceom-, sceón to shoe. v. scolu, sceam-, scógan.
sceón, scýan (?), scýn (?); p. de To go quickly, fly: -- Ðonne ic forþ sció when I depart (die), Cd. Th. 67, 20; Gen. 1103. Ðæt fýr scýde (scynde ?) tó ðám ðe ða scylde worhton, 232, 26; Dan. 266. [Cf. (?) Goth. skéwjan to go: O. H. Ger. scehanto vagendo, Grff. vi. 417; skihtig fugax, 418.] v. sceóh, and next word.
sceón; p. de To fall to a person's lot: -- Gif unc bán fordsíð scéet on Rómeweʒe if death be the lot of both of us on the journey to Rome, Chart. Th. 583, 29. Heom (heo, MS.) on riht sceóde (sceo, MS.) gold and godweb Iosepes gestreón gold and purple, Joseph's treasure rightly fell to the share of the Israelites (after the destruction of the Egyptians in the Red Sea), Cd. Th. 215, 21; Exod. 586. v. ge-sceón, and preceding word.
sceonca, sceond, sceóne. v. sceanca, sceand, scine.
sceóness, sciéness, scinness, scýness, scynness, e; f. Suggestion, persuasion, incitement: -- Seó scynnes biþ þurh deófol suggestio fit per diabolum, Bd. 1, 27; S. 497, 13. On scynnesse, S. 497, 24. Mid scýnesse, S. 497, 10. Deófol mid hire (the serpent's) ðære yfelan sceónesse and fácne beswác ðone ǽrestan wífmon. Blickl. Homl. 5, 1. Sió scyld ðe hiene þurh sciénesse (scinnesse, Cott. MSS. ) costaþ vitium, quod per suggestionem tentat, Past. 13, 2; Swt. 79, 22. Þurh scynnysse, Bd. 1. 27; S. 497, 12, 17. Hié swíðor fylgaþ deófles lárum and his sceónessum, Blickl. Homl. 25, 11. Uncysta cumaþ oft þurh deófles sceónessa, 19, 7. v. scýan.
sceop, sceoppa, sceoppend, sceór, sceorf. v. scop, scoppa, scippend, scúr, scorf.
sceorfan; p. scearf, pl. scurfon; pp. scorfen To gnaw, bite, scarify: -- Se (hiccup) cymþ of yfelum wǽtan slítendum and sceorfendum ðone magan. Gif se seóca man áspíwþ ðone yfelan bítendan wǽtan on weg, ðonne forstent se geohsa. Spíwe ðá deah ðám monnum ðe gihsa hié innan scyrfþ, Lchdm. ii. 60, 18-25: 176, 20. Gif hé geféle ðæt se geohsa hine innan sceorfe on ðone magan, 62, 10. Gærstapan frǽton ealle ða gærscíðas ðe bufan ðære eorþan wǽron ge furðon ða wyrttruman sceorfende wǽron locustarum nubes, exhaustis omnibus, ipsas quoque radices seminum persequentes, Ors. 1, 7; Swt. 38, 12. v. for-sceorfau; scearfian; ge-sceorf.
sceorp, es; n. Dress, apparel: -- Gemétte Machens his ágenne sunu mid purpurum gegieredne. Hé hiene ðá for ðæm girelan gebealg . . . and wénde ðæt hé for his forsewennesse swelc sceorp werede, Ors. 4, 4; Swt. 164, 33. Somnite áwendan on óðre wísan heora sceorp Samnites novum habitum sumentes, 3, 10; Swt. 138, 30. Of manegum landum máre landriht áríst tó cyniges gebanne . . . scorp tó friðscipe (apparel for those on board?), L. R. S. 1; Th. i. 432, 8. v. fyrd-, gúþ-, heoru-, hilde-, hleó-, sige-sceorp; ge-scirpla, scirpan.
sceorpan; p. scearp To scrape, to irritate: -- Gif man [hwæt?] sceorpe on ðone innaþ if anything irritate a man in the insides, Lchdm. iii. 44, 27. v. ge-sceorpan, and cf. sceorfan.
sceort, sceot. v. scort, scot.
sceót; adj. Quick, ready: -- Hweðer hé carful sý and sceót (gesceót, W. F.) tó godcundum weorce and tó hýrsumnesse si sollicitus est ad opus Dei, ad obedientiam, R. Ben. 97, 16. [Icel. skjótr swift.]
sceóta, an; m. A kind of trout, a shoate, shot [' Carew makes a distinction between the trout and shot. "The latter," he says, " is in a manner peculiar to Devon and Cornwall. In shape and colour he resembleth the Trowts: howbeit in biggnesse commeth farre behind him." The shoates with which is Tavy fraught. -- Browne's Brit. Past.,' E. D. S. Pub. E. Cornwall Gloss. Shote, a small kind of trout, W. Cornwall] :-- Hwilce fixas geféhst ðú ? . . . sceótan (tructos). Coll. Monast. Th. 23, 33.
sceótan; p. sceát, pl. scuton, sceoton; pp. scoten. I to shoot, (a) cast a missile, with acc. of missile :-- Ðæt yrre scýt his spere ongeán ðæt geþyld ira lanceam suam jacit contra patientiam, Gl. Prud. 20 b. Ða wǽpna ðe ðæt yrre scét (miserat), 21 b. Hig sceoton hyra strǽlas tó ðære hynde, Shrn. 148, 6. (b) to shoot (intrans. ) :-- Ic torfige oððe sceóte jacio, Ælfc. Gr. 28, 6; Som. 32, 38, Se ðe of flánbogan fyrenum sceóteþ, Beo. Th. 3493; B. 1744. Hé hygegár léteþ, scúrum sceóteþ, Exon. Th. 315, 22; Mód. 35. Hé on bord sceát, Byrht. Th. 139, 46; By. 270. Hé mid geǽttredum strǽle ongan sceótan wið ðæs ðe hé geseah ðæt hrýþer stondan, Blickl. Homl. 199, 19. II. to shoot an object, hit an object with a missile :-- Wyrd gást scýt, heó gár bireþ, Salm. Kmbl. 875; Sal. 437. Ðonne hié (the serpen) mon slóg oððe sceát, Ors. 4, 6; Swt. 174, 7. Hé ó;ðerne sceát. Byrht. Th. 135, 67; By. 143. Tó ðam ðæt hí mágon sceótan ða unscyldigheortan ut sagittent rectos corde. Ps. Th. 10, 2. Ðǽr læg secg mænig ofer scild scoten, Chr. 937; Erl. 112, 19. Gif ðú wǽre on fell scoten, Lchdm. iii. 54, 4-7. II a. where the weapon is the subject :-- Ðá ðone ilcan welegan mon se strǽl sceát, ðæt hé sóna deád wæs, Blickl. Homl. 199, 23. III. to shoot, make an object move rapidly, push (cf. to shoot a bolt) :-- Ðonne man ða sulh forþ drífe, and ða forman furh on sceóte, Lchdm. i. 404, 2. Belúcaþ ða ǽrenan gatu and tóforan on sceótaþ ða ýsenan scyttelsas, Nicod. 27; Thw. 15, 15. Hé lét dragan up ðæne deádan Harald and hine on fen sceótan, Chr. 1040; Erl. 166, 24. III a. to give a person help in escaping (cf. Icel. skjóta einum brott, undan to let a person escape) :-- Gyf hine man teó ðæt hé hine (the criminal) út sceóte, L. Edg. H. 6; Th. i. 260, 9. IV. to shoot, move rapidly, dart, run, plunge, rush, (a) of living things :-- Swá swá déþ se ðe his feóndum ofer sumne weall ætfleón wile, ðonne cépþ hé hwǽr se weall unhéhst sý, and ðǽr ofer scýt, Homl. Th. i. 484, 11. Hé scét innan sǽ misit se in mare, Jn. Skt. 21, 7. Hé unscrýdde hine sylfne and scǽt into ðam mere, Homl. Skt. i. 11, 211. Án culfre scǽt (sceát, MS. V.) of ðam fýre into ðære eá, 3, 73. Hi ánmódlíce him tó scuton they ran upon him with one accord (Acts vii. 57), Homl. Th. i. 46, 34: 404, 4: ii. 496, 19. Seó dene wæs áfylled mid manna sáwlum ða scuton of ðam fýre into ðam cyle (utrumque latus erat animabus hominum plenum, quae vicissim hinc inde videbantur quasi tempestatis impetu jactari, Bd. 5, 12), 350, 10. Gif ðú Godes sunu sý, sceót ádún (mitte te deorsum, Mt. 4, 6) ... Ðæt wǽre swíðe gilplíc dǽd, gif Grist scute ðá ádún, i. 170, 1, 21. (b) of inanimate things :-- On ða burnan ðe of ðam munt scýtt in torrentem, qui de monte descendit, Deut. 9, 21. Ðǽr sciét se Wendelsǽ up of ðæm gársecge Tyrrheni maris faucibus oceani aestus immittitur, Ors. 1, 1; Swt. 8, 25. Scýt, Swt. 8, 32. Seó eá scýt út on ðone gársecg, Swt. 14, 14. Ðǽr ocærburna útt scýt on sǽ, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. iii. 175, 31: 424, 4. Seó lacu út scyt, 422, 14, 26. Ðonne ða wolcnan sceótaþ betweón hyre (the sun) and ðé, Shrn. 201, 25. Him on gafol forlét feówer wellan scíre sceótan, Exon. Th. 420, 1; Rä. 39, 4. (c) of speech :-- Hé ðæs geanwyrde wes ætforan eallum ðám mannum ðe ðǽr gegaderode wǽron, ðeáh him ðæt word of scute his unnþances though the remark burst from him involuntarily, Chr. 1055; Erl. 189, 6. V. to run (of a road, etc.) :-- On ðam wege ðe scýtt tó ðam pytte per viam, quae ducit ad puteum, Gen. 24, 62. Tó ðere fyrh ðe scýt súþrihte tó ðære miclan strǽt ... Óþ ðone weg ðe scýt tó fealuwes leá ... tó ðam wege ðe scýt tó ðam hricgge, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. iii. 422, 4-19, 20, 25. Óþ ðæt se weall eást sciát, ii. 86, 20. VI. to refer a case to a person or court :-- Ðus wrát Hieronimus. Gif hwá elles secge, wé sceótaþ tó him, Homl. Th. ii. 306, 19. Ðá nolde he, bútan hit man sceóte tó scíregemóte, Chart. Th. 288, 19. Gif preóst dóm tó lǽwedum sceóte, ðe hé tó gehádedum scolde, L. N. P. L. 5; Th. ii. 290, 22. Wé lǽraþ, ðæt nán sacu ðe betweox preóstan sí ne beó gescoten tó woruldmanna sóme, ac séman heora ágene geféran, oððe sceótan tó ðam biscope, L. Edg. C. 7; Th. ii. 246, 5: L. I. P. 10; Th. ii. 316, 36. Se engel andwyrde: Uton sceótan tó Godes dóme, Homl. Th. ii. 338, 33. VII. to advance money, contribute, pay (cf. scot) :-- Hé forgeaf Middel-Sexon ðæt feoh ðæt hé heom fore sceát, Chart. Th. 551, 12. Sceóte ǽlc gegylda ǽnne gyldsester fulne clǽnes hwǽtes, 606, 6. Sceóte man ælmessan, Wulfst. 170, 18. Sceóte man æt ǽghwilcre híde pænig oððe pæniges weorð, 181, 4. Wé cwǽdon ðæt úre ǽlc scute .iiii. pæng tó úre gemǽne þearfe ... and forgyldon ðæt yrfe ðe syððan genumen wǽre ðe wé ðæt feoh scuton, L. Ath. V. 2; Th. i. 230, 15-17. VIII. to shoot (of sharp pain) :-- Wið sceótendum wenne, Lchdm. ii. 324, 25: iii. 30, 3. [O. Frs. skiata to shoot: O. H. Ger. sciozan jaculari, sagittare, ferire: Icel. skjóta to shoot with a weapon (dat.); to push quickly; to refer a case to (til) another; to pay.] v. á-, be-, for-, ge-, of-, óþ-, þurh-, un-, under-sceótan; scotian.
sceótend, es; m. One who shoots, a warrior :-- Sceótend wǽron gúþe gegremede, Judth. Thw. 26, 2; Jud. 305: Beo. Th. 1411; B. 703: Met. 1, 11. Sceótend sendaþ flángeweorc, Exon. Th. 42, 20; Cri. 675. Hlyn scylda and sceafta, sceótendra fyll, Cd. Th. 124, 14; Gen. 2062. Ofer sceótendum, 184, 24; Exod. 112: 129, 14; Gen. 2143.
sceoþa, sceó-þwang, sceotian, Sceottas, sceotung, sceóung, sceó-wyrhta. v. sceaþa, scóh-þwang, scotian, Scottas, scotung, scóung, scóh-wyrhta.
scép, scepen, sceppan, scer, scér. v. sceáp, scypen, scippan, scear, sceár.
sceran, sciran, sceoran; p. scær, scear; pl. scǽron, sceáron; pp. scoren. I. to cut, shear :-- Ðonne sweord swín ofer helme scireþ, Beo. Th. 3579; B. 1287. Hæleþ higerófe linde heówon, scildburh scǽron, Judth. Thw. 26, 2; Jud. 305. Lǽtaþ íren ecgheard ealdorgeard sceoran, Andr. Kmbl. 2364; An. 1183. Ðæt hi hlípen unwillende on ðæt scorene clif unþeáwa quia per multa etiam, quae non appetunt, iniquitatum abrupta rapiuntur. Past. 33, 1; Swt. 215, 8. Scearde scúrbeorge, scorene, gedrorene, Exon. Th. 476, 10; Ruin. 5. Scorenum rassis, Wrt. Voc. ii. 84, 77. II. to shave hair :-- Ic scere tondeo, Ælfc. Gr. 26, 6; Som. 29, 9: rado, 28, 4; Som. 31, 24. Ǽghwá mín heáfod scireþ, Exon. Th. 482, 6; Rä. 66, 3. Ne hé his loccas mid sceárum wanode, ne his beard mid seaxe scear, Shrn. 93, 9. Ne gé eów ne efesion ne beard ne sciron neque in rotundum attondebitis comam, nec radetis barbam, Lev. 19, 27. Ne eówre hǽr ne sciron nec facietes calvitium super mortuos, Deut. 14, 1. Suíðe ryhte wæs ðæm sacerde forboden ðæt hé his heáfod sceáre (caput radere), Past. 18, 7; Swt. 139, 25. Heáfdu scieran mid scierseaxum caput radere, Swt. 139, 12. Se ylca preóst com tó Gúðláce, ðæt hé hine wolde scyran, Guthl. 7; Gdwin. 44, 20. Tó scearanne (beard) ad tondendum, Rtl. 97, 16. III. to cut the hair of the head :-- Heó scear hyre feax swá swá weras, and gegyrede hý mid weres hrægle, Shrn. 133, 13. IV. to shear sheep :-- Hí sculan waxan sceáp and sciran on hiora ágenre hwíle they shall wash and shear sheep in their own time, Chart. Th. 145, 13. Sceáp scyran, Anglia ix. 261, 10. Hé fór scép tó sciranne ad tondendas oves, Gen. 38, 13. [O. Frs. skera: O. H. Ger. sceran tondere: Icel. skera to cut.] v. á-, be-, ge-sceran.
scerden, scerian. v. scirden, scirian.
scericge, an; f. An actress :-- Sc̃a Pilagia wæs ǽryst mima in Antiochia ðære ceastre, ðæt is scericge (scéwicge (?) cf. sceáwere scurra; or scernicge (?), cf. O. H. Ger. scern scurrilitas, spectaculum; scernari scurra, histrio) on úrum geþeóde, Shrn. 140, 11.
scern, scerpan. v. scearn, scirpan.
scerran (?) (to harness an animal to something [ :-- Se yrþlingc unscenþ (-scerþ ?) ða oxan arator disjungit boves, Coll. Monast. Th. 20, 27. Cf. Ger. an-, aus-schirren to harness, un-harness.]
scerwen, scerpen (?) a scattering (?), sharing (?), giving (?) (cf. be-scerwan to deprive) :-- Denum eallum wearð cénra gehwylcum eorlum ealuscerwen there was a fine feast for all the Danes (?) (the reference is to the disturbance caused by the fight between Beowulf and Grendel), Beo. Th. 1542; B. 769. Myclade mereflód meoduscerwen (scerpen, MSS.) wearð æfter symbeldæge the flood increased; a fine feast was there after the banquet (the reference is to the flood which eame from the stone pillar, and swept away some of the Mermedonians. Cf. Ðæt wæs biter beórþegu: byrlas ne gǽldon ... ðǽr wæs ǽlcum genóg drync sóna gearu, 3063-3069; An. 1534-1537), Andr. Kmbl. 3051; An. 1528. v. Grmm. A. and E. pp. xxxvi, 133, and note to Wülcker's ed. of Grein.
scéte, scéþ, sceþ-dǽd, sceþeness. v. scíte, sceáþ, sceaþ-dǽd, sceaþenness.
sceþness, e; f. Hurt, harm :-- Hé eft férde bútan sceþnysse ǽniges sáres, Guthl. 16; Gdwin. 68, 27.
sceþþan; p. sceþede To scathe, hurt, harm, injure (a) with dat. :-- Ic nǽngum sceþþe, Exon. Th. 407, 9; Rä. 26, 2. Nǽfre him deáþ sceþeþ, 203, 23; Ph. 88. Ðonne þunorrád biþ, ne sceþeþ ðam men ðe ðone stán (agate) mid him hæfþ, Lchdm. ii. 296, 30: 162, 19. Ne sceþ ðé nán wiht, iii. 178, 25. Eów seó wergþu sceþþeþ scyldfullum, Elen. Kmbl. 619; El. 310. Ús seó wyrd scyþeþ, Andr. Kmbl. 3121; An. 1563. Nǽnig geweald deáþes him sceþþaþ leti nil jura nocebunt, Bd. 2, 1; S. 500, 21. Ðás þing sceþþaþ ðam eágum, Lchdm. ii. 26, 21. Him ðæt ne sceþede, Shrn. 84, 29: 131, 1: Beo. Th. 3033; B. 1514: Blickl. Homl. 161, 32: 169, 6. Ða sǽdeór hyre ne sceþedon, Shrn. 133, 11. Hú ðú sóðfæstum swíðast sceþþe, 263, 14; Jul. 349. Ðý læs him gielp sceþþe, Exon. Th. 43, 6; Cri. 684: 299, 11; Crä. 100. Ðam mon sceal sellan ða mettas ða ðe wambe nearwian and ðam magan ne sceþþan, Lchdm. ii. 278, 18. Ðý læs hí him and his freóndum sceþeden ne sibi suisque nocerent, Bd. 2, 7; S. 509, 35. Se líg ne mæg ná sceþþan ðisse fǽmnan, Shrn. 130, 32: Blickl. Homl. 129, 15: 221, 17: Ps. Surt. 104, 14: Cd. Th. 273, 33; Sat. 146. Scyþþan, Andr. Kmbl. 2096; An. 1049. Ðæt Scottas him nóht sceþþende ne áfuhton, Bd. 4, 26; S. 602, 25. (b) with acc. :-- Se lég ða stuþo sceþþan ne meahte flamma destinam laedere nullatenus sinebatur, 3, 17; S. 544, 33. Ne mæg him bryne sceþþan wlitigne wuldorhoman, Exon. Th. 196, 23; Az. 178. (c) without a case :-- Ic sceþþu nocebo, Ps. Surt. 88, 34. Regnþeóf ne lǽt on sceade sceþþan, Exon. Th. 453, 15; Hy. 4, 15: Beo. Th. 492; B. 243. Sceþþende nocens, Wrt. Voc. ii. 130, 12. Seó scæþþende wǽta, Bd. 4, 19; S. 589, 1. Ðú hýrdes sceþþendum sceaþan, Exon. Th. 85, 24; Cri. 1396. [Icel. skeðja; p. skaddi.] v. ge-sceþþan; sceaþan, sceaþian.
sceþþend, es; m. One who harms, a foe, adversary :-- His áras ús gescildaþ wið sceþþendra earhfarum, Exon. 47, 27; Cri. 761: 126, 23; Gú. 375. Sceþþendum adversaris, Rtl. 113, 40.
sceþþig, scæþþig; adj. Hurtful, noxious :-- Scyldig oððe scæððig (sceaþþig, MS. U.) sons, Ælfe. Gr. 9, 29; Zup. 63, 15. v. un-sceþþig.
sceþþigness. v. un-sceþþigness.
sceþþ[u], e; f. Hurt, injury :-- Wið fótswylum and sceþþum (scæþþum, MS. H. B.), Lchdm. i. 342, 18. v. sceaþa.
sceþwræc; adj. Hurtful, noxious, hostile :-- Ðæm (St. John) ne sceþede nǽnig scyld ðisse sceþwracan worlde, Blickl. Homl. 161, 33.
scía, an; m. The shin; crus :-- Scía crus, Txts. 54, 299. Scíu (scía, scíæ, Rush.) crura, Jn. Skt. Lind. 19, 31-33.
sciccels, sciccel, es; m. A cloak, mantle :-- Scicilse melote, mantile, veste, Hpt. Gl. 440, 72. Hé hine unscrídde ðam healfan scicelse ðe hé on hæfde, Th. Ap. 12, 22. Hé wæs mid horhgum scicelse bewǽfed, 13, 26. Hí scrýddon hyne mid weolcenreádum scyccelse (clamys), Mt. Kmbl. 27, 28, 31. Geteáh his seax and genam his sciccels ðe hé him on hæfde, tósnáð hine on twá, Blickl. Homl. 215, 6. Ðá tócearf hé his scyccel on twá, and hyne gesealde healfne ðam þearfendum men, Shrn. 146, 36. [Cf. Icel. skikkja a cloak.] v. next word.
sciccing a cloak, cape: -- Scicing, scinccing, scicging cappa, Txts. 50, 245. Sciccing, Wrt. Voc. i. 284, 64: ii. 13, 24. v. preceding word.
scíd (?) a course (?) :-- Scíd (ryne, MS. T. ) currus (cursus?), Ps. Spl. C. 67, 18. [Cf. (?) Icel. skeið a race, course.]
scíd, es; n. A shide (v. Halliwell's Dict. ), shingle, a piece of wood split thin, a billet: -- Scíd scindula (in a list de igne), Wrt. Voc! i. 284, 15 : 66, 41. Scídum scindulis, ii. 120, 12 : 80, 21. [Stickes kan ich breken . . . and kindlen ful wel a fyr . . . ful wel kan ich cleuen shides, Havel. . 917. Schyyd or astelle teda, asula, astula, Prompt. Parv. 446, col. I. Go shape a shippe of shides and of bordes, Piers P. 9, 131. O. Frs. skíd: O. H. Ger. scít: M. H. Ger. schít: Ger. scheit; n. : Icel. skíð; n. : a billet, firewood.]
scíd-hreác, es; m. A heap of shingles or billets: -- . iiii. foðera áclofenas ganolwyda tó scídhrǽce on hiora ágenre hwíle, Chart. Th. 145, 6. [Cf. Icel. skíða-hlaði a pile of firewood: Ger. scheiter-haufen a funeral pile.]
scíd-weall, es; m. A wooden fence, palings: -- Scídwealles eorþbyri vallum, Wrt. Voc. i. 37, 34. [From sæ to sæ eode þæ dich (the wall of Severus) . . . þer ufenen he makede scidwal, Laym. 10354. Cf. Icel. skíð-garðr wooden palings, a wooden fence.]
sciftan;, sciéne, sciéness, scieppend, scier-, scierpan, scife. v. scill, scíne, sceóness, scippend, scear-, scirpan, scyfe.
sciftan; p. te. I. to divide, separate into shares: -- Fón ða yrfenuman tó lande and tó ǽhtan, and scyftan hit swíðe rihte the heirs shall succeed to the land and property, and shall divide it with perfect justice, L. C. S. 79; Th. i. 420, 17. [Shift to divide, Sussex. A division of land among co-heirs is called a shifting, Halliwell Dict. Cf. Icel. skipta arfi, landi.] II. to appoint, ordain, arrange. Cf. shift used of a set of men which succeeds another in work that is carried on continuously, e. g. in a mine :-- Ðá scyfte man Beorn (Harold, MS., but cf. 1. 21: Ðá læg Godwine eorl and Beorn eorl on Pefensǽ) up ðæs cynges scipe ðe Harold eorl ǽr steórde, Chr. 1046; Erl. 174, 4. Moyses be Godes ágenum dihte rihte lage scyfte. Wulfst. 176, 8. Scifte man of ðam gemóte ða ðe him tó rídan those who may go to him shall be appointed from the meeting, L. Edg. ii. 7; Th. i., 268, 15. [Schyftyñ or part a-sundyr sepero, disgrego; Schyftyñ or partyñ or delyñ divido, partior, Prompt. Parv. 446, col. 1. Eter gate me his scyft, and þer me hi togesceodeð, O. E. Homl. i. 237, 30. Prestess and dæcness shifftedenn (arranged) hemm betwenenn whillc here shollde serrfenn first, Orm. 470.] v. ge-, tó;-sciftan (-scyftan).
-scígan in ge-scígan :-- Heora ǽlc sceal án .c. þearfendra manna fédan and ealle ða gescýgean (provide them all with shoes), Chart. Th. 616, 26.
scilcen[n], e; f. A female servant or slave, a woman of bad character: -- Hé gemacode ðæt seofon nacode wímmen urnon plegende on heora gesihþum, ðæt heora mód wurde ontend tó gálnysse þurh ðæra scylcena plegan, Hom. Th. ii. 162, 33. [Al nis bute ase a schelchine to sernien þe leafdi, A. R. 12, 24. M. H. Ger. schelkin serva.] v. scealc.
scild, sceld, scyld, es; m. I. a shield, a piece of defensive armour: -- Scyld scutum vel clipeus vel parma, lytel scyld pelta . . . scyld clipeus, testudo, lytel scyld ancile, ða læssan scyldas peltae vel parmae, Wrt. Voc. i. 35, 27-28, 57-59. . Scyld cetra, ii. 20, 9: pelta, 68, 4. Sceld scutum, i. 289, 30: Ps. Th. 75, 3. Scyld sceal gebunden, leóht linden bord. Exon. Th. 339, 15; Gn. Ex. 94. Scyld sceal cempan, 341, 22; Gn. Ex. 130. Rand sceal on scylde, Menol. Fox 534; Gn. C. 37. Næfde hé scyld (scutum) æt handa, ðæt hé ðone cyning mid gescyldan mihte, Bd. 2, 9; S. 511, 22. Nán scyldwyrhta ne lecge nán scépes fell on scyld, L. Ath. i. 15; Th. i. 208, ii. Ðǽr læg secg mænig ofer scild scoten, Chr. 937; Erl. 112, 19. Dynedan scildas, Judth. Thw. 24, 24; Jud. 204. Scylda parmarum, Wrt. Voc. ii. 96, 30. Eorles heregeata . . . ehta spera and eall swá feala scylda, L. C. S. 72; Th. i. 414, 7. Hlyn wearð on wícum scylda and sceafta, Cd. Th. 124, 13; Gen. 2062. Síde scyldas, randas regnhearde, Beo. Th. 656; B. 325. II. fig. a shield, protection: -- Scild mín beo ðú refugium meum es tu, Ps. Spl. T. 70, 4. Ðam biþ Dryhten scyld, Exon. Th. 229, 31; Ph. 463. III. scyld in the following passage is used of a bird's back (as being shield-shaped ? or can scyld here be connected with sculdor ? cf. (?) shield-bone = shoulder-blade quoted by Halliwell. Icel. skjöldr is used of shield-shaped things) :-- Is se scyld ufan frætwum geféged ofer ðæs fugles bæc, 219, 17; Ph. 308. [Goth. skildus: O. Sax. skild : O. Frs. skeld: O. H. Ger. scilt: Icel. skjöldr.] v. bóc-, ge-, pleg-scild.
Scild, es; m. The name of the ancestor of the Danish kings. His story is given in the opening canto of Beowulf. According to the Ynglinga Saga, c. 5, one of Odin's sons is Skjöldr. v. Scildingas.
scildan, scyldan, sceldan, sceoldan; p. de. I. to shield, protect, guard, defend: -- Ic hine scylde protegam eum, Ps. Th. 90, 14. Hwá forstandeþ hié, gif ðú hié ne scyldest? Blickl. Homl. 225, 19. Ne þearf him ondrǽdan ǽnig, gif hine God scildeþ, Exon. Th. 49, 6; Cri. 781. Se godcunda anweald hí scilde, Bt. 39, 10; Fox 228, 12 : Exon. Th. 195, 33; Az. 165. Mé nama Dryhtnes scylde, Ps. Th. 117, 12 : Cd. Th. 247, 31; Dan. 505. Ðara gásta ðe hine scildon defensiones spirituum bonorum, Bd. 3, 19; S. 548, 36. Scild úsig tuere nos, Rtl. 79, 16 : 84, 15. Him wæs lýfnesse sceald, ðæt hé him móste scyldan and besecgan, Bd. 5, 19; S. 640, 11. Scildende protegente, Rtl. 103, 34. Ðætte wé síe scildad defendi, 75, 5. Scylded beón tueri, Wrt. Voc. ii. 88, 59. ¶ Scyldan wið to shield from, guard against: -- Ic ðé wið weána gehwam scylde, Cd. Th. 131, 3; Gen. 2170. Wið ða speru hié hié scildaþ, Past. 35, 4; Swt. 245, 10. Mé sóðfæstnes mín scylde wið feóndum scuto circum-dabit te veritas ejus, Ps. Th. 90, 5. Scilde, Lchdm. ii. 238, 5 : Exon. Th. 126, 22; Gú. 375. Ða englas hine scildon wið áæs fýres frécennesse, Bd. 3, 19; S. 548, 32 : Exon. Th. 496, 4; Rä. 85, 9. Wé ús wið him sceldan ðæs ðe wé mihton, Nar. 14, 29. Ða wið flódum foldan sceldun (scehdun, MS.), 61, 6; Cri. 980. Hú hí hí sylfe scyldan sceolan wið deóflu, Blickl. Homl. 47, 22. Utan scyldan ús wið ðone hátan bryne ðe wealleþ on helle, L. C. S. 85; Th. i. 424, 15. Without an object: -- God, se ðe wið ofermægnes egsan sceolde, Cd. Th. 127, 28; Gen. 2117. Wé lǽraþ ðæt man wið heálíce synna scylde georne, L. C. E. 23; Th. i. 374, 7. II. to make a defence: -- Siððan hé his hyspinge gehéred hæfde ðá scylde hé ongeán swíðe ungeþyldelíce after he had heard his abuse then he made a defence in reply very impatiently, Bt. 18, 4; Fox 66, 35. v. ge-scildan.
scild-burh; f. I. a battle-array in which men stood shield to shield [cf. the account of the battle of Stamford-bridge: 'Siðan fylkti Haraldr Konungr liði sínu, lét fylkingina langa ok ekki þykka; þá teygði hann armana aptr á bak, svá at saman tóku, var þat þá víðr hringr, ok þykkr ok jafn öllum megin útan, skjöldr við skjöld.' Saga Haralds Harðráða, c. 92. When this arrangement is abandoned, they are said 'bregða skjaldborginni,' c. 95] :-- Wearð scyldburh tóbrocen, Byrht. Th. 138, 56 : By. 242. Hæleþ higerófe scildburh scǽron, Judth. Thw. 26, 2; Jud. 305. II. a city which affords protection, a city of refuge. v. scild, II :-- Sóðfæste men in heora fæder ríce scínaþ in sceldbyrig (heaven), Cd. Th. 283, 23; Sat. 309. Grimm would translate the word here by 'aula clypeis tecta,' and compares it with the description of Valhalla in the Edda, 'skjöldum þökt, lagt gyltum skjöldum, svá sem spánþak,' D. M. 662. [O. H. Ger. scilt-burg testudo.]
scildend, es; m. A protector, guardian, defender : -- Scyldend protector, Ps. Spl. T. 17, 21: Ps. Spl. 58, 12 : Ps. Th. 26, 2 : 83, 9: Blickl. Homl. 141, 14. v. ge-scildend.
scilden[n], e; f. Protection: -- Scildenne, scildinnae tutellam, Txts. 103, 2073.
scildere, es; m. A shielder, protector: -- Ðú eart mín scyldere protector meus, Ps. Th. 17, 3.
scild-freca, an; m. A warrior with a shield: -- Ðonne scyldfreca ongeán gramum gangan scolde, Beo. Th. 2071; B. 1033.
scild-hreóða, -hréða, an; m. Shield-covering, (1) a shield, buckler: -- Scinon scyldhreóðan, Cd. Th. 184, 26; Exod. 113. (2) the arrangement of shields as in the scild-burh, q. v. :-- Scyldréðan testudine, Wrt. Voc. ii. 96, 31. Sumum wíges spéd giefeþ æt gúþe, ðonne gárgetrum ofer scildhreádan (-hreoðan?) sceótend sendaþ (cf. the passage under scild-weall). Exon. Th. 42, 19; Cri. 675. v. bord-hreóða, and cf. hréðan melote, Wrt. Voc. ii. 56, 63.
Scildingas; pl. The descendants of Scild, or more generally the Danes. The word occurs often in Beowulf, and is also found in the compounds Ár-, Here-, Sige-, Þeód-Sciídingas. [Icel. Skjöldungar.]
scildness, e; f. A protection, defence: -- Scildnisse defensionis, Rtl. 41, 13: protectionis, 97, 18. v. ge-scildness.
scild-rída ( = hreóða?), an; m. A phalanx: -- Ðeáh hí wyrcen getruman and scyldrídan wið mé si consistant adversum me castra, Ps. Th. 26, 4.
scild-truma, an; m. A phalanx; testudo :-- Under þiccum scyld-truman subter densa testudine, Ælfc. Gr. 47; Som. 48, 29. Of sceltruman testudine, Hpt. Gl. 475, 66. [He makede his sceldtrume swulc hit weoren an hær wude. Laym. 16371. A scheltrone hec acies, Wrt. Voc. i. 240, 9.]
scildung, e; f. Shielding, protection: -- Ða deófellícan flán wurdon ealle ádwæscte þurh ðæs gewǽpnodan engles scyldunge. Homl. Th. ii. 336, 10. Scilding tutum, Rtl. 100, 3.
scild-weall, es; m. A shield-wall, the shields held by a line of soldiers: -- Ðonne strǽla storm scóc ofer scyldweall, Beo. Th. 6227; B. 3118. Cf. scild-burh.
scild-wíga, an; m. A warrior who bears a shield: -- Scearp scyldwíga. Beo. Th. 581; B. 288.
scild-wyrhta, an; m. A shield-maker: -- Sceldwyrhta scutarius, Wrt. Voc. i. 289, 31. Be scyldwyrhtum. Nán scyldwyrhta ne lecge nán scépes fell on scyld; and gif hé hit dó, gilde .xxx. sciɫɫ., L. Ath. i. 15; Th. i. 208, 9-11. Andlang flǽscmangara strǽte ðet it cymþ tó scyld- wyrhtana strǽte; andlang scyldwyrhtana strǽte eást eft ðæt hit cymþ tó Leófan hagan, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. vi. 135, 18-20.
scilfe, an; f. A shelf, ledge, floor:?-Gescype scylfan on scipes bósme (cf. With lower, second, and third stories shalt thou make the ark, Gen. 6, 16), Cd. Th. 79, 4; Gen. 1306. [Cf. Icel. Hlið-skjálf; f. Odin?s seat whence he looked out on all the world.]
Scilfingas; pl. A Swedish royal family, the Swedes:?-Helm Scylfinga (ðone sélestan sǽcyninga ðara ðe in Swióríce sine brytnade, Beo. Th. 4752; B. 2381: 5200; B. 2603. The compounds Gúþ-, Heaðo-Scilfingas also occur, and the singular Scylfing, Beo. Th. 4968; B. 2487. Scilfing, 5928; B. 2968. [Icel. Skilfingar; pl. the name of a mythical royal family; skilfingr a prince (poet. ), v. Grmm. D. M. 343.]
scil-fisc, es; m. A shell-fish:?-Monige sint cwucera gesceafta unstyriende, swá swá scylfiscas sint, Bt. 41, 5; Fox 252, 21. Mettas ðe gód blód wyrceaþ, swá swá sint scilfixas, Lchdm. ii. 244, 24. [Icel. skel-fiskr.]
scilfor; adj. Yellow, of the colour of gold:?-Of scylfrum hiwe flava specie, Wrt. Voc. ii. 149, 21. Of scilfrum flava auri specie, Hpt. Gl. 419, 23.
scilfrung, e; f. Shaking, balancing, swinging:?-Hwǽr com seó wlitignes heora ræsta and setla . . . and seó scylfring heora leóhtfata ðe him beforan burnon the swinging (?) of the lamps that burnt before them, Blickl. Homl. 99, 34. Scilbronge libramine, Wrt. Voc. ii. 88, 72. Cf. skelfan, and Icel. skjálfra to shake.
scilian; p. ode To separate, part, remove:?-Eádwerd cing scylode ix scypa of mále and hí fóron mid scypon mid eallon anweg King Edward put nine ships out of commission, and they went away ships and all, Chr. 1049; Erl. 174, 38. Cf. (?) áscelede (-scerede?) dividuntur, Hpt. Gl. 438, 50. [He wass skiledd ut fra þe follc þurrh halig lif, Orm. 16860. Our king, ERROR That wic men fra god sal schille, Met. Homl. 152, 9. Schyllyn owte segrego, Prompt. Parv. 446. Icel. skilja to separate, part, divide.] v. á-scilian.
scilig; adj. Shaly. v. stán-scilig.
scill, scell, scyll, e; f. I. a shell, shell-fish:?-Musclan scil conca, Wrt. Voc. ii. 15, 35. Scel. 105, 37. Scel echinus, i. piscis, cancer, 142, 24: 106, 75. Musclan ɫ scille de concha, Hpt. Gl. 417, 10. Scille vel sǽsnæglas conchae vel cochleae, Wrt. Voc. i. 56, 7. Scellum concis, ii. 15, 18. II. the shell of an egg:--Se rodor ymbféhþ útan eall þás niðerlícan gescæfte, swá seó scell ymbféhþ ðæt ǽg, Shrn. 63, 10: Met. 20, 174. Fæger swylce hé of ǽgerum út álǽde, scír of scylle, Exon. Th. 214, 4; Ph. 234. III. a scale of a fish, serpent, etc.:--Hió dyde sciella tó bisene his heor neohtum and ðus cwæð: Ǽlces fisces sciell biþ tó oðerre geféged sub squamarum specie de ejus satellitibus perhibetur: Una uni conjungitur, Past. 47, 3; Swt. 361, 17. Sumum (serpents) scinan ða scilla swylce hié wǽron gyldene. Nar. 13, 19. Ðonne hié (the serpent) mon slóg oððe sceát, ðonne glád hit on ðǽm scyllum, swelce hit wǽre sméðe ísen. Ors. 4, 6; Swt. 174, 8. Sindon ða scancan scyllum biweaxen crura tegunt squamae, Exon. Th. 219, 21; Ph. 310. Ne ete gé nánne fisc búton ða ðe habbaþ finnas and scilla, Lev. 11, 9. IV. a shell-shaped dish (?) or simply a shell:?-Nim león gelynde, mylt on scylle (a dish or a shell?), Lchdm. i. 364, 24. Wyrme on scille, ii. 42, 16: 310, 6. [Goth. skalja a tile: Icel. skel a shell.] v. ǽg-, oster-, sǽ-, weolc-scill.
scill; adj. Sonorous, sounding:?-Scyl wæs hearpe, Exon. Th. 353, 44; Reim. 27. [Cf. Heo song so lude and so scharpe Riht so me grulde schille harpe, O. and N. 142. With a shil vois, Parten. 1997. Schylle and sharpe acutus, sonorus. Schylly and scharply acute, aspere, sonore, Prompt. Parv. 446. Cf. O. H. Ger. scall sonus, sonitus; scella tintinnabulum: Icel. skillr a loud splash; skella a rattle.] v. next word.
scillan to cause to sound:?-Scyllendre concrepante, scyllende concrepans, Hpt. Gl. 518, 48. [O. H. Ger. scellan; p. scalta to cause to sound: Icel. skella.] v. scellan.
scilliht; adj. Shell (of fish):--Ðú scealt sellan scellihte fiscas, Lchdm. ii. 196, 21: 254, 19. Scellehte, 227, 17.
scilling, es; m. I. as a denomination of English money (uncoined), a shilling. The shilling appears to have been of different values in different parts of the country; in Wessex five pennies make a shilling: Fíf penegas gemacigaþ ǽune scillinge, Ælfc. Gr. 50; Som. 52, 8: and with this statement agree several passages of Henry I.?s Laws, e.g. c. 93, §§ 3, 19, where unus solidus=v denarii, duo solidi=x denarii. In Mercia four pennies go to the shilling. According to Mercian law (Th. i. 190) the ceorl?s wergild is 200s., the thane?s six times as much, 1200s., the king?s, which is six times the thane?s, is 120 pounds; so that 7200s.=120x240d., i.e. the shilling is four pennies. With this agrees L. W. i. 11; Th. i. 473, where it is said: Solidum Anglicum quatuor denarii constituunt. In the Norman time the shilling is twelve pennies. This reckoning seems to be taken in earlier times. v. riht-scilling and Ex. 21, 10. The word is of constant occurrence in the Laws and Charters; from the latter the following passage may illustrate the point that the shilling was a denomination of value, not a coin: Biscop gesalde six hund scillinga on golde, Chart. Th. 90, 21. It also occurs as a weight: Genim of ðysse wyrte petroselini swýðe smæl dust ánes scillinges gewihte, Lchdm. i. 240, 11. II. as denoting foreign money the word is used to translate various words:--Scylling numisma, Wrt. Voc. i. 57, 30. Scilling obelus, ii. 63, 68: stater, Mt. Kmbl. Rush. 17, 27. Scylling (scilling, Lind., Rush.) dragmam, Lk. Skt. 15, 9. Nis woruldfeoh ðe ic mé ágan wille, sceat ne scilling, Cd. Th. 129, 13; Gen. 2143. Hundraþ scillinga centum denarios, Mt. Kmbl. Lind. 18, 18. Þriim peninga &l-bar; scillinga, Jn. Skt. Lind. 12, 5. Þrítig scillinga triginta argenteos, Mt. Kmbl. 26, 15. Þúsend scyllinga on seolfre mille argenteos, Gen. 20, 16. Feówerhund scillinga (siclos), 23, 16. Hé hét heora ǽlcum fíftig scyllinga tó sceatte syllan, Homl. Th. i. 88, 4. [Goth. skilliggs: O. Frs. skilling: O. L. Ger., O. H. Ger. scilling solidus, aureus: Icel. skillingr.] v. mene-, riht-, wægn-scilling.
Scilling, es; m. The name of a poet:?-Wit Scilling for uncrum sigedryhtne song áhófan, Exon. Th. 324, 31; Víd. 103.
scilling-rím, es; n. A reckoning by shillings:?-Se mé beág forgeaf, on ðam siex hund wæs smǽtes goldes sceatta scillingríme a ring containing gold to the value of six hundred shillings, Exon. Th. 324, 10; Víd. 92.
scima, an; m. Shadow, gloom:?-Ne hér (in hell) dæg lýhteþ for scedes sciman, Cd. Th. 271, 15; Sat. 106. Hýdeþ hine ǽghwylc æfter sceades sciman, Salm. Kmbl. 233; Sal. 116. [Cf. Uualdandes craft seal thi scadouuan mid skimon virtus altissimi obumbrabit te, Hel. 279. M. H. Ger. scheme a shadow, mask; larva: Ger. schemen.] v. scimian.
scíma, an; m. Splendour, brightness, light:?-Ðonne ðære sunnan scíma hátast scínþ, Bt. 5, 2; Fox 10, 28: Cd. Th. 232, 23; Dan. 264. Ðæs leóhtes scíma wæs swá mycel cujus radius lucis tantus exstitit, Bd. 4, 7; S. 575, 17: 5, 10; S. 625, 9. Se scíma gástlícre beorhtnysse, Guthl. 2; Gdwin. 12, 22: Exon. Th. 44, 4; Cri. 697. Wuldres scíma scán, 179, 12; Gú. 1260. Mín se swétesta sunnan scíma, Iuliana, 252, 21; Jul. 166. Heó nǽnig dǽl leóhtes scíman geseón mihte ne minimam quidem lucis alicujus posset particulam videre, Bd. 4, 10; S. 578, 20. Sió beorhtnes ðære sunnan scíman, Bt. 34, 8; Fox 146, 4: 39, 3; Fox 216, 1: 4; Fox 6, 33. Metod æfter sceáf scírum scíman ǽfen, Cd. Th. 9, 5; Gen. 137. Ðá gesundrode Waldend sceade wið scíman, 8, 22; Gen. 128. Se móna gehrán mid his scíman (splendore) ðǽm treówum ufeweardum, Nar. 30, 7. God hira mód onliéht mid ðæm scíman (radio) his giefe, Past. 35, 4; Swt. 243, 21: 48; Swt. 369, 16. Fore scíman prae fulgure, Ps. Surt. 17, 13. Seó sunne scíman ne hæfde the sun was eclipsed, Bd. 3, 27; S. 558, 11. Swá ðæt ic mihte geseón swíðe lytellne scíman leóhtes, Bt. 35, 3; Fox 158, 29. Niht ne genípþ ðæs heofenlícan leóhtes scíman nox nulla rapit splendorem lucis amoenae, Dóm. L. 16, 254. Þýstro hæfdon bewrigen Wealdendes hrǽw, scírne scíman, Rood Kmbl. 107; Kr. 54. [Goth. skeima GREEK: O. L. Ger. scímo splendor, fulgor, nitor: O. Sax. dag-skímo: O. H. Ger. scímo splendor, fulgor, effulgentia, radius, fax: Icel. skími a gleam of light.] v. ǽfen-scíma.
scimian; p. ode To grow dark, (of the eyes) to be dazzled, bleared:?-Míne eágan scimiaþ lippio, Ælfc. Gr. 30, 5; Som. 34, 59. Swá ðæt nán man ne mihte for ðam mycclum leóhte hire on beseón . . . and swá hí hí geornlícor sceáwodon, swá scimodon heora eágon swíðor, Homl. Skt. i. 7, 153. Beóþ his dagas démde gelíce swá ðú on scimiendre sceade lócige, Ps. Th. 143, 5. v. scima.
scímian; p. ode To shine, glisten:?-Ic scímige (scíne, MS. W.) mico, Ælfc. Gr. 24; Zup. 138, 1. Scímande (scínende. Rush.) coruscans, Lk. Skt. Lind. 17, 24. Cf. Be hiora. hiwe . . . beóþ ǽblǽce and eal se líchoma áscímod (shiny), Lchdm. ii. 232, 2. [Þat hus schineð ant schimmeð, O. E. Homl. i. 257, 35. Schan (schimede ant schan, MS. B.), Marh. 2, 34. Wið schimmende sweord, 19, 30. Schiminde (schininde, other MS.) hire nebscheaft, Jul. 55, 4. O. H. Ger. scímit micat.] v. scíma.
scimrian to shine, glisten:?-Scymriendes wǽtes cerulei gurgitis, Germ. 401, 10. [Þat hus schineð ond schimmeð (schimereð, MS. T.), O. E. Homl. i. 257, 35. Hit schemered and schon, Gaw. 772. Þat eadi trume of schimerinde meidenes, H. M. 21, 34. Du. schemeren: Ger. schimmern; Swed. skimra. Cf. scimeringe crepusculum, Grff. vi. 512.]
scín, scinn, es; n. An extraordinary appearance, a deceptive appearance, a spectre, evil spirit, phantom:?-Scín portentum, Txts. 87, 1611. Scín fantasma, i. nebulum (-am?), Wrt. Voc. ii. 37, 43: 95, 65: prestigiis, 79, 5. Bócstafa brego bregdeþ sóna feónd be ðam feaxe, lǽteþ flint brecan scínes sconcan, Salm. Kmbl. 203; Sal. 101. Egsa ástígeþ monna cynne ðonne bláce (blace?) scotiaþ scríþende scín (the spirits of the storm) scearpum wǽpnum, Exon. Th. 385, 29; Rä. 4, 52. Swá biþ scinna þeáw, deófla wíse, 362, 4; Wal. 31. Scinnum scenis (cf. scina gríma, 94, 904), Txts. 97, 1831. Ðam deófle wiðstandan ðonne hé his wód scinn (wóde scín, MS. H.) tóbrædeþ to oppose the devil, when he spreads abroad his mad spirits (?), Wulfst. 80, 4. Cf. Ða hǽþenan deófle offrodon . . . and ða brǽðas ðæs flǽsces stigon upp on ǽlce healfe eall swilc hit mist wǽre . . . ða hǽþenan on swilcon deófolscíne (altered to -scinne) blissedon, Homl. Skt. i. 23, 39. Deófulscinnu þurh gebed beóþ oferswýþede demonia per orationem uincuntur, Scint. 7. [Cf. O. H. Ger. gi-scín fantasma. v. Grmm. D. M. 450, 867.] v. scinna and the compounds with scín-.
scín (?) brightness, shine. [O. Sax. (sunnon) skín: O. Frs. (sunna) skín: O. H. Ger. scín jubar: M. H. Ger. schín: Ger. schein: Icel. sól-, tungl-skin.] v. sun-scín.
scínan; p. scán, sceán To shine. I. lit.:-- Ic scíne splendeo, Ælfc. Gr. 26, 2; Som 28, 42. Sciénþ candescit, Past. 14, 6; Swt. 89, 1. Swá se lígræsc scíuþ (fulget). Lk. Skt. 17, 24 : Bt. 5, 2; Fox 10, 29. Ðonne seó sunne on heofone beorhtost scíneþ, 9; Fox 26, 15. Scýneþ ðes móua, Fins. Th. 13; Fin. 7. Ða steorran scínaþ beforan ðam mónan, and ne scínaþ beforan ðære sunnan, Bt. 39, 3; Fox 214, 30. Scaan ardebat, Wrt. Voc. ii. 101, 3. Scán, 7, 29. Se steorra (comet) scán iii. mónþas, Chr. 678; Erl. 41, 4. His ansýn sceán (resplenduit) swá swá sunne, Mt. Kmbl. 17, 2: Bd. 5, 12; S. 628, 13: Cd. Th. 185, 19; Exod. 125. Seó ród sceán swá heofenes tungol, Shrn. 149, 11. His ansýn eal sceán swá swá sunne, and his gewǽda scinon on snáwes hwítnysse, Homl. Th. ii. 242, 7. Hwǽr is seó eorðe ðe nǽ fre sunne on ne sceán? In ðære reádan sǽ, Salm. Kmbl. 198, 14. Wígbord scinon, Cd. Th. 207, 14; Exod. 466. Eoforlíc scionon, Beo. Th. 612; B. 303. Án cyn ys olocryseis, ðæt is on úre geþeóde gecweden, ðæt heó eall golde scíne, Lchdm. i. 242, 13. Hig scínon (luceant) on ðære heofenan fæstnysse, Gen. 1, 15. Sunnan leóma cymeþ scýnan, Exon. Th. 56, 18; Cri. 902. Scínende refulgens, Lk. Skt. 9, 29. Beorhtnes scínendes steorran fulgor stellae, Bd. 5, 12; S. 629, 5. Scínendes léges, 4, 13; S. 581, 15. Scínendum limpidis, Wrt. Voc. ii. 50, 34. II. fig.:-- Ðonne scínaþ ða rihtwísan. Mt. Kmbl. 13, 43. Se nama se ðe mid him swá lange sceán and bryhte nomen quod apud eos tam diu claruerat, Bd. 1, 12; S. 480, 39: 3, 13; ' S. 538, 39. Seó stów on ðære ðe ðu ðæt fægereste weorud on geóguþhádnesse gesáwe scínan and wynsumian locus iste in quo pulcherrimam hanc juventutem jocundari ac fulgere conspicis, 5, 12; S. 630, 15. Ðæt mód swá beorhte ne mót blícan and scínan, Met. 22, 35: 81. 35, 1; Fox 156, 2. Ðæt ðú móste hálig scínan, eádig on ðam écan lífe, Exon. Th. 87, 19; Cri. 1427. On wordum and on dǽdum beorht and scínende verbo et actibus clarus. Bd. 3, 19; S. 547, 4. On scínendre praepollenti. Hpt. Gl. 491, 1, [Goth. skeinan: O. Sax. skínan: O. Frs. skína: O. H. Ger. scínan: Icel. skína.] v. á-, be-, ge-, geond-, ofer-, ymb-scínan.
scin-bán, es; n. A skin, shin-bone :-- Scina vel scinbán tibiae, Wrt. Voc. i. 44, 72: 71, 58. [A schynbone sura, 247, col. 2. Oc (cervus) leigeþ his skinbon on oðres lendbon, Misc. 12, 359. M. H. Ger. schine-bein: Ger. schien-bein: Du. sheen-been.]
scín-, scinn-cræft, es: m. I. the art by which deceptive appearances are produced, magic :-- Ðis synt ða ídelnyssa ðisse worlde . . . scíncræft hae sunt vanitates hujus mundi . . . ars magica, L. Ecg. P. i, 8; Th. ii. 174, 34. Hié ne angeátan mid hwelcum scinncræfte and mid hwelcum lotwrence hit deófla dydon. Ors. 3, 3; Swt. 102, 17. Hé behét ánum drýmen sceattes, gif hé mid his scýncræfte (scín-, MS. O. ) him ðæt mǽden mihte gemacian tó wífe, Homl. Skt. i. 3, 365. Beó ic scyldig, gif ic his scýncræft ne mæg ádwæscan mid mínum drýcræfte, 14, 57. Hý wǽron tó sáre beswicene þurh ðæs sweartan deófles scíncræft, Wulfst. 198, 18. II. a magic art or trick :-- Scíncræfte praestigia, Wrt. Voc. ii. 66, 59. Wiccan beóþ tó helle bescofene for heora scíncræftum, Homl. Th. ii. 330, 29. Hí mid mislícum scýncræfton ðæt folc dwelodon, 482, 4. Hé wolde ðære fǽmnan mód on his scíncræftum onwendan tó hǽðendóme, Shrn. 135, I. Ðá cwǽdon hí, ðæt hí scinncræftas ne cúþan, 90, 10. Se sceocca eów lǽrþ ðyllíce scíncræftas, Homl. Skt. i. 17, 106. ¶ In the following the word is glossed as if it were scíncræftiga:-- Scíncræfta hierofhantorum, Wrt. Voc. ii. 43, 25: 82, 7: Hpt. Gl. 483, 7.
scín-cræftiga, an; m. A magician, sorcerer :-- Gif wiccan oððe wigleras, scíncræftigan oððe hórcwénan on earde wurðan ágitene, fýse hí man georne út of ðysan earde, L. Eth. vi. 7; Th. i. 316, 20.
scíne, sciéne, scéne, sceóne, scióne, scýne; adj. Beautiful, fair, bright :-- Is se forrynel fæger and sciéne, Met. 29, 25: Cd. Th. 41, 14; Gen. 656. Cwæð ðæt his líc wǽre leóht and scéne, 17, 26; Gen. 265. Wæsim wlitig and scéne, 30, 16; Gen. 467. Deór wundrum scýne (the panther), Exon. Th. 356, 30; Pa. 19. Is seó womb wundrum fæger, scír and scýne, 219, 16; Ph. 308. Mægþ scýne, Beo. Th. 6025; B. 3016. Se scýna stán, Andr. Kmbl. 1532; An. 767. On stede scýnum, Exon. Th. 70, 33; Cri. 1148. Ic ðé swá sciénne gesceapen hæfde, 85, 6; Cri. 1387. Hé forlǽrde idese sciéne, Cd. Th. 43, 34; Gen. 700. Hé geseah Euan stondan sceóne gesceapene, 35, 3; Gen. 549. Tó sceáwianne ðone scýnan wlite, Exon. Th. 57, 8; Cri. 915. Forhwon forléte ðú líf ðæt scýne, 90, 7; Cri. 1470. Sceóne lambru, Ps. Th. 113, 4, 6. Gimmas swá scýne, Exon. Th. 43, 27; Cri. 695: 219, 1; Ph. 300. Fuglas scýne, 237, 17; Ph. 591. Þurh ða scénan scínendan rícu ðæs Fæder per Patris fulgenti regna paratu, Dóm. L. 18, 294. Him wíf curon scýne and lægere, Cd. Th. 76, 5; Gen. 1252. Hyrsta scýne, Judth. Thw. 26, 9; Jud. 317. Hiwbeorhtra and scýnra. Exon. Th. 357, 10; Pa. 26. Wurdon ðín gesceapu scénran, Cd. Th. 32, 14; Gen. 503. Eue idesa sciénost, 51, 4; Gen. 821. Scénost, 39, 17; Gen. 626. Sceónost, 44, 5; Gen. 704. Engla scýnost, 22, 10; Gen. 338. [Feier and sceone (scene, 2nd MS.), Laym. 2299. Regan þ̄ scone (scene, 2nd MS. ), 3098. A steorrne . . . brihht and shene, Orm. 3431. Scone and faʒʒerr, 15665. A þusent fold schenre þen þe sunne, A. R. 100, 4. Heo as schene as schininde sunne wende up aloft, Marh. 19, 14. Emelye hire yonge suster schene, Chauc. Kn. T. 114. Æfter sharpe shoures moste shene is þe sonne, Piers P. 18, 409. Goth skauns : O. Sax. skóni: O. Frs. skéne: O. L. Ger. scóni lucidus: O. H. Ger. scóni splendidus, splendens, formosus, venustus, pulcher, speciosus: Ger. schön.] v. ælf-sun-, þurh-, wlite-scíne.
scinefrian to glitter :-- And scínefrian ac micare, Wrt. Voc. ii. 6, 33.
scínendlíc; adj. Clear, bright :-- Beorht ɫ scínendlíc ɫ leóht lucidum, Ps. Lamb. 18, 9. v. þurh-scínendlíc.
scínere, scinnere, es; m. One who produces deceptive appearances (v. scín), a magician :-- Scinneras emaones, Txts. 59, 746. Scíneras, scinneras scienicis, 98, 952.
scín-feld; dat. a; m. The beautiful, Elysîan field, applied to Tempe:-- Hwæt synt ða twegen men on neorxna wange? Enoch and Helias. Hwǽr wuniaþ hý? Malifica and Intimphonis (in Ternpis?), ðæt is on sunfelda and on sceánfelda (sceón-?), Salm. Kmbl. 202, 2. On scénfeldum in Tempis, Wrt. Voc. ii. 47, 16: 89, 72.
scín-gedwola, an; m. A delusion produced by magic, delusive appearance, phantom :-- Scíngedwolan nebulam, Wrt. Voc. ii. 61, 30.
scín-gelác, es; n. A magical practice :-- Hí ongunnon secgan ðæt hit drýcræftum gedón wǽre scíngelácum ðæt se stán mǽlde they said that it was done by the sorcerer's arts, by magical practices, that the stone spoke, Andr. Kmbl. 1531; An. 767.
scín-, scinn-hiw, es; n, A form produced by magic, phantom, spectre :-- Scínhiw prestigium, Wrt. Voc. i. 21, 61: fantasma, ii. 33, 82. Scínlác vel [scín]hiw fantasia, i. imaginatio, delusio mentis, 147, 42. Réþlic scínhiw ferale monstrum, 147, 53: Hymn. Surt. 142, 12. Ne eom ic ná scinnhiw (phantasma), swá swá gé wénaþ, Homl. Th. ii. 388, 26. Scínhiowes faniasiae, Ps. Surt. ii. p. 190, 11. Scínhiwe[s] phantasmate, Wrt. Voc. ii. 67, 5. Scínhiwe, 34, 1. Wiccecræftas, scínhiw prestigias, 66, 25.
scin-hosu, e; f. A shin-hose, a covering for the lower part of the leg, a greave :-- Scinhose ocreis. Hpt. Gl. 521, 5.
scín-lác, es; n. I. magic, necromancy, sorcery :-- Scýnláce necro-mantia, Hpt. Gl. 482, 74. Se mec gescyldeþ wið ðínum scínláce, Exon. Th. 255, 15; Jul. 214. Hí sǽdon ðæt hió sceolde mid hire scínláce (cf. mid hire drýcræft. Bt. 38, 1; Fox 194, 30) beornas forbrédan and mid balocræftum weorpan on wildra líc, Met. 26, 74. Twegen drýas ða worhton micel scínlác mid twám dracum, Shrn. 131, 29. II. a particular act of magic, a sorcery, delusion produced by magic :-- Hí ðæt hæfdon gedón mid yflum scínlácum, Shrn. 90, 10 : 75, 18. Ða ðe galdorcræftas begangaþ, and mid ðǽm unwære men beswícaþ, and hí áweniaþ from Codes gemynde mid heora scínlácum, Blickl. Homl. 61, 25. Scíndlácum, Shrn. 141, 27. III. delusion, superstition, frenzy, rage :-- Scínlác fantasia, i. imaginatio, delusio mentis. Wrt. Voc. ii. 147, 42. Ðætte gifearria from ðære stówe ǽlc scínilác and ymbcerro diúbles fácnes ut discedat ab eo loco omnis fantasia vel versutia diabolicae fraudis, Rtl. 120, 33. Næs his scínlác ne his hergiung on ða fremdan áne ac hé gelíce slóg and hiénde ða ðe him wǽron mid farende nec minor ejus (Alexander) in suos crudelitas, quam in hostem rabies fuit, Ors. 3, 9; Swt. 130, 19. Mánfulles scínláces fanaticae superstitionis, Hpt. Gl. 488, 41: 509, 39. Scínlác[e] superstitione, 500, 70. Sume Rómána wíf on swelcum scínláce wurdon and on swelcum wódan dreáme incredibili rabie et amore scelerum Romanae matronae exarserunt, Ors. 3, 6; Swt. 108, 25. IV. a delusive appearance, a spectre, apparition, phantom :-- Hí cwǽdon: Hyt ys scínlác dicentes: Quia phantasma est, Mt. Kmbl. 14, 26. Scínlác nebulo, Hpt. Gl. 501, 16. Scýnláce praestigia, 482, 74. Tó fleánne ǽlc scínelác díuoles ad effugdndum omne fantasma diaboli, Rtl. 100, 33. Ðeós wyrt (GREEK) scíneþ on nihte swilce steorra on heofone, and se ðe hý nytende gesihþ, hé sægþ ðæt hé scínlác geseó, Lchdm. i. 164, 6. Scínlác monstra, Wrt. Voc. ii. 56, 15: nebulones, Hpt. Gl. 501, 73. Wið deófulseócnysse and wið yfelre gesihþe, wulfes flǽsc gesoden. . . ða scínlác ðe him ǽr ætýwdon ne geunstillaþ hý hine, Lchdm. i. 360, 13-16. Ðý læs cild sý hreósende, oððe scínlác méte, 350, 13. Ða ðe scínlác þrowien etan león flǽsc; ne þrowiaþ hý ofer ðæt ǽnig scínlác, 364, 22. Scínláca praestigiarum. Hpt. Gl. 501, 68. Galdras praestigias, scínlác fantasias, 459, 16. Scínlácu gesihþ, gestreón of ungewéndum hit getácnaþ, Lchdm. iii. 204, 18. [O. H. Ger. scín-leih monstrum.] V. Grmm. D. M. 450.
scín-lǽca, -láca, an; m. A magician, necromancer, sorcerer :-- Scínlǽcan (-lǽcean, -lécan) nebulonis, Txts. 81, 1372: nebulis (nebulonis?), Wrt. Voc. ii. 60, 60: 79. 4. Ðæs leásan scínlǽcan falsi nebulo, 147, 2. Sabastianus ongon hine (St. Victor) nédan tó deófolgelde; ðá hé ðæt ne geþafede, ðá hét hé sumne scínlǽcan him sellan etan ðæt flǽsc ðæt wæs geǽttred, Shrn. 84, 27. Hí gefetton Escolafius ðone scínlácan mid ðære ungemetlícan nædran ðe mon Epithaurus hét horrendum illum Epidaurium colubrum, cum ipso Aesculapii lapide advenerint, Ors. 3, 10; Swt. 140, 9: 3, 10, tit.; Swt. 3, 19. Scínlǽcan magi, Wrt. Voc. ii. 39, 11. On helle beóþ ða scínlǽcan, ða ðe galdorcræftas begangaþ, Blickl. Homl. 61, 23. Ða fǽmnan ðe gewuniaþ onfón gealdorcræftigan and scínlǽcan (-lácan, MS. H.) and wiccan, ne lǽt ðú ða libban, L. Alf. 30; Th. i. 50, 10. v. two following words.
scín-lǽce, an; f. A woman who practises magic, a sorceress :-- Ðá cwǽdon Rómware ðæt heó wǽre drýegge and scínlǽce, Shrn. 56, 13.
scín-lǽc[e], -lác; adj. Magical, phantasmal :-- Hí him héton gefeccean tó Escolapius ðone scínlácan mid ðære scínlǽcan (-lácan, MS. L.) nædran, Ors. 3, 10, tit.; Swt. 3, 19. Álésedo from ǽlcum ongifeht scínelácum libera ab omni inpugnatione fantasmatica, Rtl. 98, 26. v. preceding words.
scín-líc; adj. Of the nature of an apparition, phantasmal :-- Suoefno and næhta scínelíco sompnia et noxia fantasmata (the glosser seems to have read noctes fantasmaticae?), Rtl. 180, 16.
scinn, scinnere. v. scín, scínere.
scinna, an; m. An evil spirit, spectre :-- Blace hworfon scinnan (the fallen angels) forscepene, sceaþan hwearfdon geond ðæt atole scref (hell), Cd. Th. 269, 12; Sat. 72. Ðæt hié leóda landgeweorc láþum beweredon scuccum and scinnum, Beo. Th. 1882; B. 939. v. scín.
scínness, e; f. Brightness, splendour :-- Ðe móna ne seleþ scínisse (splendorem) his, Mk. Skt. Lind. 13, 24.
scín-seóc; adj. Haunted by apparitions :-- Scínseócum men wyrc drenc of hwítes hundes þoste, Lchdm. i. 364, 4.
scinu, e; f. A shin :-- Scinu cruscula, Wrt. Voc. ii. 137, 20. Scina vel scinbán tibiae, i. 44, 72. Scyne oððe scinbán tibia (ae?), 71, 58. Scina, 65, 42. Scancan, scina tibias, Hpt. Gl. 482, 64. [O. H. Ger. scina tibia.] v. scin-bán.
sció, scioppa. v. sceón, scoppa.
scip, es; m. A patch, clout :-- Ne ásend nán man scyp (scep altered to scyp, MS. A.: ðæt ésceapa commisuram, Lind.) of níwum reáfe on eald reáf; elles ðæt níwe slít, and se níwa scyp (as before in MS. A. and Lind.) ne hylpþ ðam ealdan, Lk. Skt. 5, 36: Mt. Kmbl. 9, 16. Scyp (also scep, MS. A.: later MSS. scep, scyp) assumentum, Mk. Skt. 2, 21.
scip, es; n. A ship :-- Scip navis vel faselus, scipu rates, sceort scip naviscella vel cimba, vel campolus vel musculus, litel scip scapha, Wrt. Voc. i. 47, 55-61. Scip ratis, horsa scip ypogavus, swift scip archiromacus, sceaþena scip paro, ánbýme scip trabaria, 56, 11-28. Scip barca, ii. 12, 19: caraba, 22, 34. Foreweard scip prorostris, 68, 48. Scipes botm carina, scipes hláford nauclerus, i. 48, 3-4. Scipes flór fori vel tabulata navium, 63, 40. Lytlum scipe cimbula, ii. 22, 34. Scipe cercilo, 17, 72: 76, 30 (cf. aesc cercilus, 103, 56). Ðá wende hé on scype (scipp, Lind.) ascendens nauem, Lk. Skt. 8, 37. Scyp ástígan, Lchdm. iii. 184, 13. Swá eode hé on scyp, Bd. 4, 1; S. 564, 47. Scipu classes, Wrt. Voc. ii. 14, 46. Scypu (sciopu, Rush.: scioppu, Lind.) naues, Jn. Skt. 6, 23. Scipu (sciopo, Lind.), Lk. Skt. 5, 2: nauiculas, 5, 7. Scypo (scioppo, Lind.) naues, 5, 11. Sceopu, Ps. Surt. 47, 8: 103, 26. [Goth. O. Sax. O. L. Ger. O. Frs. Icel. skip: O. H. Ger. scif.] v. ǽrend-, ceáp-, fird-, flot-, for-, horn-, hýð-, lang-, pleg-, troh-, unfriþ-scip.
scip-bíme, an; f. A ship-trumpet :-- Scypbýman classicam tubam, Germ. 391, 48.
scip-broc, es; n. Trouble, hardship, or labour when journeying in a ship :-- Paulus him rehte hú myccle scipbrocu hé gebád on ðæm síþe St. Paul related to them the hardships he had undergone on his voyage to Rome, Blickl. Homl. 173, 6.
scip-brucol; adj. Causing shipwreck :-- Scypbrucules wæles nauifragi gurgitis, Germ. 401, 9.
scip-bryce, es; m. Ship-wreck, what comes ashore from wrecks :-- Ic habbe gegeofen Ælfwine abbod intó Ramesége . . . scipbryce and ða sǽupwarp on eallen þingen swá wel swá ic hit mé seolf betst habbe bí ða sǽrime áhwǽr in Engelande, Chart. Th. 421, 33. (Cf. L. H. i. 10, 1; Th. i. 519, 4 where among the rights (jura) belonging to the king naufragium is mentioned.) [Cf. Icel. skip-brot wreck drifted ashore.]
scip-cræft, es; m. Naval power, strength in ships :-- Swegen sende hider and bæd him fylstes ongeán Magnus, ðæt man sceolde sendan .L. scypa him tó fultume. Ac hit þúhte unrǽd eallum folce, and hit wearð gelet þurh dæt ðe Magnus hæfde micelne scypcræft, Chr. 1048; Erl. 173, 7.
scip-drincende (-drencende? see uére gidruncen mergeretur, l. 31) making shipwreck :-- Paulum scipdrincende gifriáde Paulum naufragantem liberavit, Rtl. 61, 33.
scipe, es; m. I. pay, stipend :-- Scipe vel bigleofa stipendium, Wrt. Voc. i. 20, 33. [Hi nolleþ paye þet hi ssolle, and hi ofhealdeþ þe ssepes of ham þet doþ hare niedes, Ayenb. 39, 5 (the word occurs several times in this work). Withholdyng or abrigging of the schipe or the hyre or the wages of servauntes, Chauc. Persones T. (De Ira). And cf. Ne mihte ic of þan kinge habben scipinge; ich spende mine ahte þa wile þa heo ilaste, Laym. 13656.] II. state, condition, dignity, office :-- Hæbbe ic mínes cynescipes gerihta swá mín fæder hæfde, and míne þegnas hæbben heora scipe (cf. se déma ðe óðrum wóh déme . . . þolige á his þegenscipes, L. Edg. ii. 3; Th. i. 266, 15-18) on mínum tíman swá hý hæfdon on mínes fæder, L. Edg. S. 2; Th. i. 272, 28. ¶ -scipe -ship, helps to form many nouns. [O. Frs. -skipe, -skip: O. Sax. -skepi.]
scipere, es; m. A sailor :-- Hé tealde ðæt his sciperes woldon wændon fram him, búton hé ðé raðor cóme . . . His sciperes geféngon hine and wurpon hine on ðone bát, Chr. 1046; Erl. 174, 13-18. [From Scandinavian(?). Icel. skipari a mariner.]
scip-fæt, es; n. A vessel in the form of a ship :-- Húseldisc patena, scipfæt cimbia (the word occurs under the heading nomina vasorum), Wrt. Voc. i. 25, 32. Cf. Hec acerra a schyp for censse, 230, col. 2. Wright has the following note on this entry: The nef, a vessel in the form of a ship, used in the church from an early period to hold the incense, as well as other articles.
scip-farend, es; m. A ship-farer, sailor :-- Aidan ðám scypfarendum (nautis) ðone storm tówardne foresægde, Bd. 3, 15; S. 541, 16. v. next word.
scip-férend, es; m. A sailor :-- Wǽron hié on gescirplan scipférendum onlíce, eálíðendum, Andr. Kmbl. 500; An. 250. v. preceding word.
scip-fird, e; f. A naval force or expedition, a fleet :-- Ðá ðeós scipfyrd (the naval expedition described in the preceding paragraph) ðus geendod wæs, Chr. 1009; Erl. 142, 15. Wé næfdon ða gesélþa ðæt seó scipfyrd nytt wǽre ðisum earde, 1009; Erl. 141, 26. Ðá cýdde man in tó ðære scipfyrde, ðet hí mann eáðe befaran mihte, Erl. 141, 33. See land-fird for other passages. [Humber King & al his fleote & his muchele scipferde comen on Albanaces londe, Laym. 2156.]
scip-firdung, e; f. A naval force or armament :-- Æt ðam ende ne beheóld hit nánþing seó scypfyrding ne seó landfyrding, Chr. 999; Erl. 134, 36. Burhbóta and bricbóta áginne man georne on ǽghwilcon ende, and fyrdunga eác, and scipfyrdunga ealswá, L. Eth. vi. 32; Th. i. 322, 32.
scip-flota, an; m. A sailor :-- Hettend crungun Sceotta leóda and scipflotan (the Danes), Chr. 937; Erl. 112, 11.
scip-forðung, -fyrðung, e; f. Preparation of ships :-- Burhbóta and bricgbóta and scipforðunga (-fyrðunga, MS. B.) áginne man georne (cf. wærlíc biþ ðæt man ǽghwilce geáre sóna æfter Eástron fyrdscipa gearwige, L. Eth. vi. 33; Th. i. 324, 3), L. C. S. 10; Th. i. 380, 27 v. scip-fyrðrung.
scip-fylleþ the private jurisdiction exercised over a group of three hundreds. The word occurs in a charter of Edgar granting to Bishop Oswald certain privileges connected with three hundreds, where in reciting the request that had been made to the king it is said: 'quatinus posset ipse (Oswald) cum monachis suis unam naucupletionem, quod Anglice scypfylleð dicitur, per se habere.' The grant of the request is then stated: 'Ego Eadgarus Oswaldo episcopo annuo et dono huius libertatis priuilegium . . . ut ipse episcopus cum monachis suis de istis tribus centuriatibus . . . construant (constituant, Chart. Th. 214) unam naucupletionem, quod Anglice dicitur scypfylleð oððe scypsócne, in loco quem ob eius memoriam Oswaldeslaw deinceps appellari placuit, ubi querelarum causae secundum morem patriae et legum iura iure discernantur; habeatque ipse episcopus debita transgressionum . . . et omnia quaecunque rex in suis hundredis habet,' Cod. Dip. Kmbl. vi. 240. The connection between the sense in which the word seems to be used in the charter and the meanings of the two parts of the compound may perhaps be found in the entry under the year 1008 in the Chronicle. It there apparently states, that from every three hundred hides one ship should be furnished to the national fleet, v. Stubbs' Const. Hist. i. 105, and cf. Kemble's Saxons in England, i. 255. The word fylleþ occurs in the compound winter-fyllef, q. v.; cf. also Icel. skip-sókn a ship's crew.
scip-fyrðrung, e; f. Fitting out of ships :-- Ymbe scypfyrðrúnga, ðæt ǽghwylc geset sý sóna ofer Eástran, L. Eth. v. 27; Th. i. 310, 26. v. scip-forðung.
scip-gebroc, es; n. Shipwreck :-- Ðæt hié æfter ðæm scipgebroce him ða sǽ ondrǽden ut mare post naufragium metuant, Past. 52, 1; Swt. 403, 12. Ic ðé bidde ðæt ðú mé on ðæm scipgebroce ðisses andweardan lífes sum bred gerǽce ðínra gebeda in hujus quaeso vitae naufragio orationis tuae me tabula sustine, 65, 7; Swt. 467, 24. Hwelce tibernessa hié dreógende wǽron on hungre ge on scipgebroce, Ors. 1, 11; Swt. 50, 19.
scip-gefeoht, es; n. A naval battle or war :-- Scypgefeoht bellum classicum, Germ. 389, 42.
scip-gefére(?), es; n. A going by ship, navigation, sailing :-- Hé on his scipgefére hwearf eft tó Cent rediit Cantiam navigio, Bd. 2, 20; S. 521, 41.
scip-getawu furniture of a ship :-- Geréþru vel scipgetawu aplustre, Wrt. Voc. i. 56, 19.
scip-gild, es; n. A ship-tax, a tax to supply funds for the maintenance of a fleet :-- Swá fela sýðe swá menn gyldaþ heregyld oððe tó scipgylde quotiens populus universus persolvit censum Danis, vel ad naves seu ad arma, Chart. Th. 307, 24.
scip-hamer, es; m. A hammer carried in the hand, by which a signal is given to the rowers :-- Sciphamor portisculus vel hortator remigum, Wrt. Voc. i. 48, 20. v. hamer.
scip-here, es; m. I. a collection of skips of war, a naval force, a fleet of war :-- Sciphere classis, Ælfc. Gr. 9, 28; Som. 11, 56: Wrt. Voc. i. 73, 75: classica, ii. 131, 62. Flota, sciphere clasis, 14, 45. Sciphere eów nymþ reducet te Dominus classibus in Aegyptum, Deut. 28, 68. On ðæs sǽs waroþe tó súþdǽle ðanon ðe hí sciphere on becom in litore oceani ad meridiem quo naves eorum habebantur, Bd. 1, 12; S. 481, 11. Ðý ilcan geáre gegadrode micel sciphere on Ald-Seaxum, and ðǽr wearð micel gefeoht, Chr. 885; Erl. 84, 6. Gif ǽnig sciphere on Engla lande hergie, L. Eth. ii. 1; Th. i. 284, 15. Ðý sumera fór Ælfréd cyning út on sǽ mid sciphere and gefeaht wið .vii. sciphlæstas, 875; Erl. 78, 6. Persa cyning sende Conon mid scipehere (scip-, MS. C.), Ors. 3, 1; Swt. 96, 25. Ðá cóman hí sóna mid sciphere mox advecti navibus, Bd. 1, 12; S. 480, 34. Ðæt on land Dena láðra nǽnig mid scipherge sceðþan ne meahte, Beo. Th. 491; B. 243. Ne gehérde nón mon ðáget nánne sciphere, ne furþon ymbe nán gefeoht sprecan, Bt. 15; Fox 48, 14. Se cyng wæs west on Defnum wið ðone sciphere (acting against the Danish fleet), Chr. 894; Erl. 92, 26. On ðysum geáre wæs micel unfriþ on Angelcynnes londe þurh sciphere, 1001; Erl. 136, 2. Sciphergas, Met. 8, 31. II. the men of a ship of war :-- Ælfréd cyning gefeaht wið feówer sciphlæstas Deniscra monna and ðara scipa tú genam . . . and tuegen scipheras him on hond eodon, and ða wǽron miclum forslægene, ǽr hié on hond eodon (cf. ðara sciþa twá genámon . . . and twá him on hand eodon, and ða men wǽron myclum ofslagene, ǽr hí on hand eodan, MS. E.), Chr. 882; Erl. 82, 12.
sciphere-líc; adj. Relating to a fleet, naval :-- Scipherelícum classicis, Hpt. Gl. 406, 40.
scip-hlǽder, e; f. A ship's ladder, a ladder for passing from a ship to the shore :-- Sciphlǽder pons, Wrt. Voc. i. 63, 53. Sciphlædder ponsis, 56, 47.
scip-hlæst, es; m. I. the body of (fighting) men on a ship :-- Claudius se consul fór an Púnice and him Hannibal út on sǽ ongeán com and ealle ofslóg búton .xxx. sciphlæsta ða óþflugon tó Libeum ðæm íglande Claudius consul contra hostem profectus superatus est. Et ipse quidem cum triginta navibus Lilybaeum confugit, Ors. 4, 6; Swt. 178, 32. Hér gefeaht Ecgbryht cyning wið .xxxv. sciphlæsta, Chr. 833; Erl. 64, 19: 837; Erl. 66, 5: 840; Erl. 66, 19. Ælfréd cyning gefeaht wið .vii. sciphlæstas and hiera án geféng and ða óðru gefliémde, 875; Erl. 78, 6. Ælfréd cyning gefeaht wið feówer sciphlæstas Deniscra monna, and ðara scipa tú genam, 882; Erl. 82, 10. II. a ship of burden, a transport :-- Sciplæst oneraria, Wrt. Voc. i. 63, 71. Scyphlæst honeraria, ii. 43, 10 (cf. hlaestscip honeraria, 110, 46).
scip-hláford, es; m. A ship-master :-- Sciphláford nauclerus, Wrt. Voc. i. 56, 16.
scipian to take shape :-- Ðonne gelimpþ ðæræ (the mother) manigfeald sár ðonne ðæs byrþres líc on hire innoþe scypigende biþ, Lchdm, iii. 146, 15. v. scippan.
scipian; p. ode To put in order, equip, man a ship:--Ðá lǽt Eádweard cyng scypian XL snacca, Chr. 1052; Erl. 183, 33. [From (?) Icel. skipa to give order or arrangement to things, to man a ship.]
scipian; p. ode To take ship :-- Se eorl on Wiht scipode and intó Normandíg fór, Chr. 1091; Erl. 228, 12. v. ge-scipian.
scipincel, es; n. A small ship :-- Scipincel carabus, Wrt. Voc. i. 48, 1: 64, 3. Scippincel navicula, 56, 12.
scip-lád, e; f. Sailing, navigating :-- Hé wolde on scypláde mid ða fǽmnan hám hweorfan navigio cum virgine redire disponebat, Bd. 3, 15; S. 541, 27.
scip-líc; adj. Relating to a fleet, naval :-- Ða men ða ðe beóþ winnende in sciplícum gewinne, Shrn. 35, 12. Ðǽm sciplícum classicis, Wrt. Voc. ii. 75, 7. Flotlícum, sciplícum classicis, 131, 63. Sciplícum herium classicis cohortibus, Hpt. Gl. 406, 39. [O. H. Ger. scef-líh nauticus, navalis.]
scip-líðend, es; m. One who goes in a ship :-- Hé cwæð tó ðǽm sciplíðendum . . . ða sciplíðende ðæt gehérende mearcedon ðone dæg, Shrn. 85, 30-86, 2. Ealla ða þing ða ðe scyplíðendum (navigantibus) nydþearflícu gesewen wǽron, Bd. 5, 9; S. 622, 26. v. next word.
scip-líðende; adj. Going in a skip, sailing :-- Hé sǽde sciplíðendum monnum, Shrn. 85, 28: Homl. As. 117, 17. Ða sciplíðendan navigeros, Wrt. Voc. ii. 61, 35.
scip-mǽrels a ship-rope :-- Scipmǽrls tonsilla, Wrt. Voc. i. 57, 4. v. mǽrels.
scip-mann, es; m. A mariner, sailor; nauta, navarchus:--Scypman nauta, Hymn. Surt. 6, 26. Scipmen navarcas, Wrt. Voc. 62, 15. (1) a sailor, one of a ship's crew :-- Ðá ongunnon ða nýdlingas and ða scypmen ða ancras on ðone sǽ sendan woldon ðæt scyp mid gefæstnian tentabant nautae anchoris in mare missis navem retinere, Bd. 3, 15; S. 541, 40. Volosianus hét hys scypmen swíðe forþ rówan, St. And. 44, 4. (2) one who goes on trading voyages :-- Scipmanna (-e, MS.) myrt teloneum, Wrt. Voc. i. 37, 10. Ðǽm scipmannum is beboden gelíce and ðǽm landbúendum, ðæt ealles ðæs ðe him on heora ceápe geweáxe hig Gode ðone teóþan dǽl ágyfen, L. E. I. 35; Th. ii. 432, 27. [Arður him ot scipe fusde and hehte þat his scipmen brohten hine to Romerel, Laym. 28308. Agrayþed ase byeþ þe ssipmen ine ssipe, þet ase zone ase he yhyerþ þane smite of þe lodesmanne hi yerneþ, Ayenb. 140, 22. See Chaucer's Prologue, vv. 388-410. Icel. skip-maðr one of a crew.]
scippan, scieppan, sceppan; p. scóp, sceóp; pp. sceapen, scepen. I. to shape, form :-- Ic hiwige oððe scyppe fingo. Ælfc. Gr. 28, 5; Som. 31, 61. II. to create (of the act of the Deity):--Ðú scyppest eorþan ansýne renovabis faciem terrae, Ps. Th. 103, 28. Ælmihtig fæder ðe ða scíran gesceaft sceópe and worhtest, Hy. 10, 2. Waldend scóp wudige móras, Exon. Th. 193, 1; Az. 120: 132, 1; Gú. 466. Ðá hé Adam sceóp, Cd. Th. 77, 21; Gen. 1278. Swá gód Sceoppend rihtlíce sceóp eall ðæt hé sceóp, Bt. 39, 2; Fox 214, 12. Heortan clǽne scyp (crea) on mé, Ps. Lamb. 50, 12. God gesceóp ealle gesceafta, and deófol náne gesceafta scyppan ne mæg, Homl. Th. i. 102, 1. Hé (God) selcúðe syððan scyppan nolde, Hexam. 12; Norm. 20, 15. Ic scyppendum wuldorcyninge hýrde, rícum dryhtne, Exon. Th. 453, 16; Hy. 4, 15. Hé bebeád and sceapene synd ipse mandavit, et creata sunt, Ps. Spl. 32, 9. III. to shape for one (dat.) as his fate (acc.), to assign as a person's lot. v. ge-sceap:--Scóp censebat, Wrt. Voc. ii. 19, 28: 91, 1. Unc Dryhten scóp síþ ætsomne, Exon. Th. 494, 3; Rä. 82, 2. God monna cræfias sceóp and scyrede ǽghwylcum on eorþan eormencynnes, 332, 34; Vy. 95. Ðá sceóp freá ælmihtig fágum wyrme wíde síþas, Cd. Th. 55, 32; Gen. 903: 110, 21; Gen. 1841. Hú him weorðe geond woruld wídsíþ sceapen, Salm. Kmbl. 744; Sal. 371. Ðǽr eów is hám sceapen, Exon. Th. 142, 25; Cri. 649. Wæs sió wróht scepen wið Hugas, Beo. Th. 5819; B. 2913. III a. to destine, adjudge a person (acc.) to anything:--Sceóp and scyrede Scyppend úre oferhídig cyn engla of heofnum our Creator adjudged the presumptuous race of angels to banishment from heaven, Cd. Th. 5, 1; Gen. 65. Ic eom wiht on gewin sceapen I am a creature destined to strife, Exon. Th. 400, 15; Rä. 21, 1: 405, 14: Rä. 24, 2. III b. in the phrases naman or tó naman scippan to give a name :-- Him se pápa Petrus tó noman scóp cui papa Petri nomen imposuerat, Bd. 5, 7; S. 620, 43. Scóp him Heort naman, Beo. Th. 157; B. 78. Se apostol sceóp ðære cyrcan naman 'resurrectio,' Homl. Th. ii. 474, 33. Ríce menn sceópon heora bearnum naman be him sylfum, i. 478, 9. Sceópan, Shrn. 47, 26. Géfægniaþ ðæt gé móton sceppan ðone naman, Bt. 16, 3; Fox 56, 24. [Goth. skapjan: O. Sax. skeppian: O. Frs. skeppa: O. H. Ger. scepfen, skeffen: Icel. skepja. Cf. also O. H. Ger. scaffan: Icel. skapa.] v. á-, for-, ge-scippan, -sceppan.
Scippend, es; m. The Creator :-- Ðú Scippend heofones and eorþan, Bt. 4; Fox 6, 30: Past. 7; Swt. 49, 17: Cd. Th. 234, 15; Dan. 292: Andr. Kmbl. 556; An. 278. Scieppend Creator, Rtl. 145, 24. Scæppend, 166, 29. Scæpend, 180, 8. Sceppetid, Bt. 34, 10; Fox 150, 12: Cd. Th. 283, 24; Sat. 309. Sceoppend, Bt. 39, 13; Fox 234, 21: 14, 2; Fox 44, 27: 33, 4; Fox 132, 13. Scyppend, Hexam. 13; Norm. 22, 2: Cd. Th. 5, 2; Gen. 65. [O. E. Homl. sceppende, scuppend: A. R. schuppinde: Orm. shippennd.]
scip-ráp, es; m. A cable :-- Sciprápas rudentes, Wrt. Voc. i. 48, 24: 57, 1. Hiora (walruses) hýd biþ swíðe gód tó sciprápum . . . Ðæt gafol biþ on ðǽm sciprápum, ðe beóþ of hwæles hýde geworht and of seoles . . . Se byrdesta sceall gyldan . . . twegen sciprápas; ǽgðer sý syxtig elna lang, óðer sý of hwæles hýde geworht, óðer of sioles, Ors. 1, 1; Swt. 18, 1-23.
scip-réðra, an; m. A sailor :-- Scypréðra nauita, Germ. 389, 39. Hé on scyp code, and myd hys scypréðrum hys segl up áhóf, and forþ seglode, St. And. 38, 32.
scip-róðer, es; n. An oar or a rudder for a ship :-- Scipróðor navalia, Wrt. Voc. ii. 61, 37.
scip-rówend, es; m. One who rows in a ship, a sailor, one of a crew :-- Sciprówend nauta, Wrt. Voc. ii. 61, 33.
scip-ryne, es; m. A course or channel for ships :-- Hé lét delfon án mycel gedelf and wolde ðæt scipryne sceolde ðǽrinne licgean eall swá hig dydon on Sandwíc he had a great trench dug and intended that in it ships could run, just as they did at Sandwich, Chart. Th. 341, 16.
scip-setl, es; n. A seat or beach for rowers :-- Scipsetl transtra, Wrt. Voc. i. 48, 14: 64, 8.
scip-steall, es; m. A place for a ship :-- Andlang streámes on scypsteal, God. Dip. B. iii. 316, 16.
scip-steóra, -stýra, an; m. A steersman, pilot :-- Swíðe eáðe mæg on smyltre sǽ ungelǽred scipstiéra (-stióra, Cott. MSS.) genóh ryhte stiéran quieto mari recte navem imperitus nauta dirigit, Past. 9, 2; Swt. 59, 1. Swá swá gód scipstýra (-stioera, Cott. MS.) ongit micelne wind ǽr bit weorþe, Bt. 41, 3; Fox 250, 13. [Icel. skip-stjóri a skipper.]
scip-steorra, an; m. The Pole-star :-- Twegen steorran standaþ stille . . . ðone norðran wé geseóþ; ðone hátaþ menn scipsteorra, Lchdm. iii. 270, 20.
scip-teora, -teara, -tara, -tera, an; m.: -ter, -teoro (u), -tearo; gen. -tearos; n. Pitch :-- Scipter bitumen, Wrt. Voc. ii. 126, 36. Sciptearo, Lchdm. ii. 66, 8. Sciptearos læst, 126, 8. Sciptaran bituminis, Wrt. Voc. ii. 11, 77. Scipteran, 82, 40. Scipteran bitumine, 84, 41. Dó gódne sciptaran tó, Lchdm. ii. 326, 14. Ðá hét se cásere meltan on hwere lead and scipteoran and pic, Shrn. 91, 7. Dó sciptearo tó, Lchdm. ii. 122, 17 : 124, 10.
scip-toll, es; m. Passage money :-- Sciptol naulum (cf. a schyppes tolle hoc naulum, 274, col. 2), Wrt. Voc. i. 56, 49. [Icel. skip-tollr.]
scip-wealh; gen. -weales; m. A servant whose service is connected with ships :-- Ðæt land is sum inland, sum hit is ðán scipwealan tó gafole gesett (the land in question lies by the Severn), Cod. Dip. Kmbl. iii. 450. 19.
scip-weard, es; m. One who has charge of a ship :-- Scipweardas, Andr. Kmbl. 596; An. 297.
scip-weorod, es; n. The crew of a vessel :-- Scipweredes (-weardes ?) naucleri, Wrt. Voc. ii. 59, 48.
scip-wíse, an; f. The fashion or form of a ship :-- On scipwísan geworht made in the fashion of a ship. Nar. 11, 20. Ðá nam heó ánne riscenne windel on scipwísan gesceapenne sumpsit fiscellam scirpeam, Ex. 2, 3.
scip-wyrhta, an; m. A shipwright :-- Scipwyrhta navicularius, Wrt. Voc. i. 19, 13.
scír, e; f. I. office, charge, business, administration, government :-- Scír-procuratio. Wrt. Voc. i. 57, 36: 288, 58. Sciir, ii. 117, 71. Scír dispensatio, 106, 51 : 25, 55 : 140, 65 : negotium, 59, 65. Ðonne se móna biþ .xx. niht, and .i. and .xx. niht, ðæt biþ scír oððe ceáp in ðem swefne tóweard, Lchdm. iii. 160, 8. Scíre prefecturae, Wrt. Voc. ii. 66, 2. Ne gewanige se reccere ná ðone ymbhogan ðære inneran scíre for ðære ábisgunge ðære úterran sit rector internorum curam in exteriorum occupatione non minuens, Past. 18, l; Swt. 127, 13. Persa cyning benom ðone ealdormon his scíre, Ors. 3, 1; Swt. 96, 22. Scíre negotio, Ps. Surt. 90, 6. Hé wið ða scire (the office of bishop] ne winne, Past. 10, l; Swt. 61, 11. Hú dear se grípan on ða scíre ðæt hé ǽrendige óðrum monnum tó Gode qua mente apud Deum intercessionis locum pro populo arripit ? 10, 2; Swt. 63, 7. Se ðe ðone sacerdhád onféhþ, hé onféhþ friccan scíre praeconis officium suscipit, quisquis ad sacerdotium accedit, 15, 2; Swt. 91, 21: 45, 1; Swt. 337, 15. Ágyf ð íne scíre give up thine office (of steward), Lk. Skt. 16, 2. Paulinus ðære cyrican scíre (curam) onféng, Bd. 2, 20; S. 522, 15. Hé forlét ða scíre ðæs mynstres his bréðer reliquit monasterii et animarum curam fratri suo, 3, 19; S. 549, 39. For intingan ðære cynelícra scýra negotiorum regalium causa, 3, 23; S. 551, 1. Him leófre wæs se cristendóm tó begánne ðonne his scíra tó habbanne omnes officium quam fidem deserere maluerunt, Ors. 6, 31; Swt. 286, 8. Ic ne oncneów scíre non cognovi negotiationes, Ps. Surt. 70, 15. I a. where the term refers to an English official :-- Se ðe þeóf geféhþ . . . and hé hine ðonne álǽcte . . . gif hé ealdormon sié, þolie his scíre, L. In. 36; Th. i. 124, 19. II. a district, province, as an ecclesiastical term diocese, parish :-- Scír provincia. Wrt. Voc. i. 54, 3. Sió scír hátte Hálgoland ðe hé (Ohthere) on búde. Ors. 1, 1; Swt. 19, 9. Hé áxode hú ðære þeóde nama wǽre ðe hí of cómon . . . Gyt ðá Gregorius befrán hú ðære scíre nama wǽre ðe ða cnapan of álǽdde wǽron, Homl. Th. ii. 120, 27-33. Scíre biscopas vicari episcopi, Rtl. 194, 33. Hí feórdon fram ðære scíre bisceope, and God him foresceáwode on sumere óðre scíre on Francena íce fulgóde wununge, Homl. Skt. i. 6, 122. On Alexandiscre scýre, 2, 29. Tó Cappadoniscre scýre, 3, 88. Ðá gemunde se ealdorman (Pilate) ðæt Herodes wæs on ðære scíre, Homl. Th. ii. 250, 31. Ðæt mynster gesett on Angel-seaxna scíre and eác óðer mynster on ðære ylcan scire monasterium situm in provintia Saxonia, atque aliud monasterium in eadem provintia, Cod. Dip. B. i. 154, 25: Swt. A. S. Rdr. 100, 154. Scíre parochiam. Hpt. Gl. 427, 38. Liódbiscopas, in scírum and londum gesettedo, Rtl. 194, 35. Scíre provincias, regiones, Hpt. Gl. 451, 17. Scýra provincias, 512, 12. Ðis wundor ásprang geond ða gehendan scíra, Homl. Th. i. 562, 20. II a. the people of a district, a tribe :-- Hé is swýðe rihtwýs wer, ðæt wát eall ðeós scýr, Homl. Skt. i. 10, 120. Twá scíra, ðæt ys, Iude and Benjamin, Ps. Th. 45, arg. Ðis sind ðe wǽron ða æðelestan ealdras geond ða scíra hi nobilissimi principes multitudinis per tribus et cognationes suas, Num. 1, 16. III. as a technical English term, a shire :-- Hæbbe man scírgemðt, and ðǽr beó on ðære scíre bisceop and se ealdorman, L. Edg. ii. 5; Th. i. 268, 4 : ii. 3; Th. i. 266, 19. Ðære scíre bisceop episcopus provinciae, L. Edg. P. iii. 11; Th. ii. 200, 4. Him man sealde gíslas of ǽlcere scíre, Chr. 1013; Erl. 148, 1. Gif man wille of boldgetale in óðer boldgetæl hláford sécan, dó ðæt mid ðæs ealdormannes gewitnesse ðe hé ǽr in his scíre folgode, L. Alf. pol. 37; Th. i. 86, 4. Gif man spor gespirige of scýre in óðre . . . drífan hí ðæt spor óþ hit man ðam geréfan gecýðe, fó hé syððan tó and ádrífe ðæt spor út of his scíre, L. Ath. v. 8, 4; Th. i. 236, 20-23. Ðæt ǽlc geréfa náme ðæt wedd on his ágenre scíre, v. 10; Th. 1. 240, I. Ne nime nán man náne náme ne innan scíre ne útan scíre, L. C. S. 19; Th. i. 386, 12. Gif hwá fare unáliéfed fram his hláforde oððe on óðre scíre hine bestele, L. In. 39; Th. i. 126, 10. Héde se ðe scíre healde, L. R. S. 4; Th. i. 434, 33. III a. The people of a shire, the community inhabiting a shire :-- Nán scír nolde óðre gelǽstan æt nýxtan at last no shire would help another. Chr. 1010; Erl. 144, 11. Ðá sealde Leófwine ealdorman. . . and eal seó scír his land clǽne, Chart. Th. 376, 14 : L. C. S. 19; Th. i. 386, 15. Se ðe land gewerod hæbbe be scíre gewitnesse, 80; Th. i. 420, 20. Wæs se cyng ðá ðiderweardes mid ðære scíre ðe mid him fierdedon, Chr. 894; Erl. 90, 32. Hí lifedon of Eást-Seaxum and of ðám scírum ðe ðǽr nýxt wǽron, 1002; Erl. 143, 5. IV. as an ecclesiastical term, the district in charge of an ecclesiastic (bishop, etc. ), a diocese, parish :-- Swá biscop him tǽce ðe hit on his scýre sý, L. Edm. S. 4; Th. i. 250, 2. Gif man ǽnig líc of rihtscíre lecge, L. Eth. vi. 21; Th. i. 320, 6. Gif preóst on unriht út of scíre hád begite, gilde .xii. ór, and þolie his hádes, búton scíre biscop him hádes geunne, L. N. P. L. 12; Th. ii. 292, 13. Ðises ys ealles wana .xxxiii. hída of ðám hídun ðe óðre bisceopas ǽr hæfdor. intó hyra scýre, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. iii. 327, 12. Nǽnigum heora álýfed sí ǽnige sacerdlíce þénunge dón búton ðæs bisceopes leáfe ðe hí on his scíre (parochia) gefeormade sin. Bd. 4, 5; S. 573, 5. [O. H. Ger. scíra procuratio, negotium. ] v. biscop-, burh-, geréf-, hám-, mæssepreóst-, mynster-, práfost-, preóst-, riht-, scrift-, toll-, tún-scír; and see Stubbs' Const. Hist. i. 109 sqq.; Kemble's Saxons in England, bk. i. c. 3.
scír; adj. Clear, bright :-- Scír limpidus, Wrt. Voc. i. 46, 54. Sciir sublustris, Txts. 96, 941. I. of living creatures, bright, brilliant, splendid, resplendent: -- Scír Metod (God), Beo. Th. 1962; B. 979. Scír cyning (Christ), Exon. Th. 71, 9; Cri. 1153. Is seó womb (of the phenix) wundrum fæger, scír and scýne, 219, 16; Ph. 308; 214, 4; Ph. 234. Ic eom ásceáden from ðære scíran driht (the heavenly host), Cd. Th. 275, 26; Sat. 177. Ðone scíran Scippend, Elen. Kmbl. 740; El. 370. I a. of a quality :-- Gé ða scíran miht (the power of Christ) déman ongunnon, Elen. Kmbl. 620; El. 310. II. of inanimate things, (a) of vegetation, bright, brilliant, white :-- Ofer hine scír cymeþ mínre segnunga sððfæst blóstma super ipsum florebit sanctificatio mea, Ps. Th. 131, 19. Geseóþ ðás eardas ðæt hig synt scíre (albae) tó rípene, Jn. Skt. 4, 35. (b) of metals, stones, etc., bright, lustrous, glittering, brilliant :-- Sceán scír werod (the band with glittering armour), Cd. Th. 185, 19; Exod. 125. Hringíren scír, Beo. Th. 650; B. 322. Scíran goldes, 3393; B. 1694. Hé gewyrceþ scírne méce, Exon. Th. 297, 8; Crä. 65. Hyrste beorhte, reáde and scíre, 392, 25; Rä. 12, 2. Scíre burstan múras and stánas, 70, 22; Cri. 1142. Scíre helmas, Judth. Thw. 24, 17; Jud. 193. (c) of glass, clear, transparent :-- Swá ðæt scíre glæs ðæt mon ýþæst mæg eall þurhwlítan, Exon. Th. 78, 33. (d) of water, clear, limpid :-- Ofter Pantan, ofer scír wæter, Byrht. Th. 134, 42; By. 98. Ða hlútran and ða scíran wæter liquidas lymphas, Wrt. Voc. ii. 50, 10. [Þurh án scýr wæter Brádan ǽ hátte, Chr. 656; Erl. 31, 16.] (e) of wine, bright, clear, pure, neat :-- Wínes scíres vini meri, Ps. Surt. 74, 9. Syle drincan on scírum wíne, Lchdm. i. 342, 23. Nalles scír wín hí ne druncan, Bt. 15; Fox 48, 9: Met. 8, 21. Scír wered. Beo. Th. 996; B. 496. (f) of light and light-giving things, bright, clear, brilliant :-- Heofontorht swegl (the sun) scír. Exon. Th. 351, 2; Sch. 74 : 486, 18; Rä. 72, 17. Sunne scír and beorht, Met. 30, 9. Sió scíre scell (the firmament), 20, 174. Metod æfter sceáf scírum scíman ǽfen ǽrest. Cd. Th. 9, 5; Gen. 137. Scírne scíman, Rood Kmbl. 107; Kr. 54. Fleógan þurh scírne dæg. Exon. Th. 439, 15; Rä. 59, 4. Þurh ða scíran neaht, Met. 20, 229. Bláce stódon ofer sceótendum scíre leóman, Cd. Th. 184, 25; Exod. 112. On sumera ðonne ða hátostan weder synd and ða scíran dagas hwítan, Lchdm. iii. 252, 10. Scippend scírra tungla, Met. 4, 1: 20, 8. Hwí hí (stars) ne scínen scírum wederum, 28, 45. (g) of the world :-- Þurh ða scíran gesceaft, Exon. Th. 286, 7; Jul. 728. (h) of a banner :-- Fana hwearfode scír on sceafte the flag fluttered gleaming bright on its staff, Met. l, 11. (i) of the voice, clear :-- Wit Scilling scíran reorde song áófan, Exon. Th. 324, 32; Víd. 103. [Iss all þeʒʒre spell shir atter and shir galle, Orm. 15383. Clene off grediʒnesse and off galnesse skir and fre, 8015: Prompt. Parv. schyre, as water and oþer lycure perspicuus, clarus. Þe mihte of schir and of clene bone, A. R. 246, 26. Ðat skie scir, Gen. and Ex. 3848. Goth. skeirs clear, evident: O. Sax. skír, skíri (wín, watar) : O. L. Ger. scíri: O. Frs. skirt: M. H. Ger. schír : Icel. skírr clear, bright,pure.]
sciran to discharge an office, v. ge-scíran.
sciran; p. de. I. to make clear what is hidden or obscure, declare, tell, make known :-- Drihten ðæt ongeat and geseah, ðæt se deófol ðone Iudas lǽrde, ðæt hé hine belǽwde. Ac ðæt hé ðeáhhwæðere geðyldelíce ábær and gemetfæstlíce scírde (did not declare it in terms of strong reprobation), Homl. As. 154, 68. Gif hié eallunga forberan ne mǽgen ðæt hié hit ne scíren, ðonne sprecen hié ymbe his unþeáwas. Past. 28; Swt. 198, 9. Ðæt hit sceáden mǽl scýran móste, cwealmbealu cýðan, Beo. Th. 3883; B. 1939. [God ðe soðe shire, Gen. and Ex. 2036.] II. to make clear by distinguishing between things, to distinguish, decide :-- Scíro disceplavero, Txts. 57, 688. Is geháten ðæt hé wille cueðan, 'Gewítaþ from mé áwiergde.' Ne scírþ hé nó hwæðer hé reáfoden oððe hwelc óðer yfel fremeden (no distinction is made in the sentence between various kinds of evil), Past. 44; Swt. 329, 7. Ðæt gé ne scíraþ you do not bring out that (the difference between a man in his youth and in mature age) clearly, Exon. Th. 132, 21; Gú. 476. He hét wurpan ac hé ne scýrde on hwæðere healfe hí ðæt net wurpan sceoldon he bade throw, but he did not decide on which side they were to throw the net, Homl. Th. ii. 290, 9. III. to bring a charge against a person :-- Scírde actionabatur [or is the verb here connected with scír an office ? cf. gescíra uilicare, Lk. Skt. Lind. 16, 2, folcgeréfa actionator, Wrt. Voc. i. 17, 30], Wrt. Voc. ii. 99, 11 : 3, 55. Ealdormenn swýðe sprǽcon and wið me wráðum wordum scírdan principes adversum me loquebantur, Ps. Th. 118, 23. [Cf. Nes nan mon þat durste word sciren. Laym. 16822.] IV. to get clear of obligation, trouble, etc., get exemption :-- Gif hwylc man ðone ándagan forgémeleásige, æt forman cyrre . iii. messan, æt óðerum cyrre. v., æt þriddan cyrre ne scíre his nán man (no man shall be exempt from the obligation), bútun hit sié for mettrumnesse oððe for hláfordes neóde, Chart. Th. 614, 18. Ðæm folce wæs ǽgðres waa ge ðæt hié ðæt mǽste yfel forberan sceoldon ge eác ðæt hié his scíran ne dorstan there was trouble to the people on both accounts, that they had to bear a very great evil, and that they durst not get rid of it, Ors. 3, 7; Swt. 114, 32. [A. R. schiren to make pure: Goth. gaskeirjan to interpret: Icel. skíra to purify, clear from a charge; skýra to explain, solve, decide.]
scír-basu; adj. Bright purple :-- Scírbasu benetum (venetus caeruleus, Ducange), Wrt. Voc. ii. 125, 30.
scír-biscop, es; m. The bishop of a shire or diocese (v. scír, III. 2) :-- Béte ðæt, swá se scírbisceop and eal scírwitan déman, Wulfst. 173, 30. [De scýrbiscop episcopus dioceseos, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. v. 28, 32.]
scirdan; p. de To hurt, injure :-- Hwilcan geþance mæg ǽnig man geþencan on his móde, ðæt hé tó sacerdan heáfod áhylde, . . . and hí hrædlíce siððan scyrde oððe scynde mid worde oððe weorce, L., Eth. vii. 27; Th. i. 334, 35. Da ðe godcunde láre and woruldcunde rihtlage wyrdan and scyrdan on ǽnige wísan. Wulfst. 168, 9. [Icel. skerða to diminish: O. H. Ger. giscartit uuerd dolet.] v. sceard; adj.
scirden; adj. Of tiles or sherds :-- Scerden testeum, Germ. 400, 553. v. sceard a sherd.
scíre (?), an; f. An enclosure, precinct :-- Portic porticus, scíre peribolum, heall aula. Wrt. Voc. i. 58, 3. [Cf. (?) Andlang scíre on hweðels heal, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. v. 358, 15.]
scíre; adv. I. of light, clearly, brightly :-- Scíre scínan, Exon. Th. 67, 15; Cri. 1089: Andr. Kmbl. 1671; An. 838: Salm. Kmbl. 679; Sal. 339. II. of the voice, clearly :-- Saga hwætt ic hátte ða (ðe ?) swá scíre nige (cíge ?), sceáwendwísan hlúde onhyrge, hæleþum bodige wilcumena fela wóþe mínre. Exon. Th. 390, 29; Rä. 9,
scír- (scir- ?)ecg; adj. Having a bright (cutting ? cf. sceran) edge :-- Swurd scearp and scírecg, Lchdm. i. 390, 7. Cf. brún-ecg.
Scír-gemót, es; n. A shire-mote, a meeting of the duly qualified men of a shire :-- Hér swutelaþ on þissum gewrite ðæt án scírgemót sæt æt Ægelnóþes stáne be Cnutes dæge cinges. Ðǽr sǽton Æðelstán biscop and Ranig ealdorman . . . and ðǽr, wæs Bryning scírgeréfa . . . and ealle ða þegnas on Herefordscíre, Chart. Th. 336, 22. Gif hé æt ðam þriddan cyrre náh riht næbbe, ðonne fare hé feórþan síðe tó scírgemðte, L. C. S. 19; Th. i. 386, 14. Hǽbbe man tuwa on geáre scírgemðt, L. Edg. ii. 5; Th. i. 268, 3. Habbe man twá scírgemót on geáre, L. C. S. 18; Th. .i. 386, 5. See Stubbs' Const. Hist. s. v. shiremoot.
scír-geréfa, an; m. A shire-reeve, sheriff', 'the judicial president of a shire.' v. Stubbs' Const. Hist. i. 113; Kemble's Saxons in England, bk. ii. c. v. The word glosses preses in Wrt. Voc. i. 18, 11. (1) of a secular official, v. scír, III :-- Ælfnóþ scírgeréfa, Chr. 1056; Erl. 190, 29. Án scíregemót sæt æt Ægelnðþes stáne . . . ðǽr wæs Bryning scírgeréfa, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. iv. 54, 14. On Æðelwines scíregeréfan gewitnesse, 10, 27. (2) of an ecclesiastic, v. scir, IV :-- Ðonne sceall Cristes scírgeréfan (the bishop) ðæt witan, and ymbe ðæt dihtan and déman, swá swá béc tǽcan, L. I. P. 25; Th. ii. 340, 8.
scír-gesceatt, es; n. The properly of a see :-- Æðelríc bisceop grét freóndlíce Æðelmǽr: and ic cýðe ðæt mé is wana æt ðam scýrgesceatte ðus micelys ðe míne foregengan hæfdon . . . Ðises ys ealles wana .xxxiii. hída of ðám hídun ðe óðre bisceopas ǽr hæfdon intó hyra scýre. Cod. Dip. Kmbl. iii. 327, 4.
scír-ham; adj. Having bright armour :-- Scacan scirhame (Beowulf and his followers) tó scipe foron. Beo. Th. 3704! ". 1895.
scirian; p. ede; pp. scired, scirred (v. á-scirred) To separate, divide (v. scirung, á-, tó-scirian), but used only metaphorically of setting apart something as a person's lot, to ordain, assign, allot, dispense :-- Swá missenlíce meahtig Dryhten geond eorþan sceát eullum dǽleþ, scyreþ and scrífeþ, Exon. Th. 331, 10; Vy. 66. God geond middangeard monna cræftas sceóp and scyrede, 332, 34; Vy. 95. Ðara gifena ðe him tó duguþe Drihten scyrede, Cd. Th. 221, 13; Dan. 87. Sceóp ðá and scyrede Scyppend úre oferhídig cyn engla of heofnum then did our Creator adjudge and ordain the presumptuous race of angels to banishment from heaven, Cd. Th. 5, 1; Gen. 65. Gif ðé Alwalda scirian wille ðæt ðú móte if the All-ruler be pleased to grant thee opportunity, 171, 12; Gen. 2827. Sceolde him beón deáþ scyred should death be the lot doomed him, 31, 15; Gen. 485. Sié hira dǽl scired mid Marian may their part be assigned with Mary, Elen. Kmbl. 2462; El. 1232, Ðǽr womsceaþan on ðone wyrsan dǽl scyrede weorþaþ, háteþ Scyppend him gewítan on ða winstran nond, Exon. Th. 75, 26; Cri. 1227. [O. Sax. skerian: O. H. Ger. scerian.] v. á-, be-, ge-scerian, -scirian.
sciriendlíc j adj. Derivative:. -- Scyriendlíc dirivativum, deductum, Wrt. Voc. ii. 140, 44. v. á-scirigendlíc.
scírig-mann, es; m. Apparently the same as scír-mann, q. v. The form occurs only in one (Kentish) charter, where 'Wulfsige preóst se scírigmann' is twice mentioned, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. vi. 127, 128. In a later Latin version of this charter the term is rendered scírman and explained by judex comitatus, judex provinciae, Chart. Th. 275, 276, and in this sense it is taken by Kemble, v. Saxons in England, ii. 168 sq. In another charter the same person is mentioned, but without the title: a grant of land is made by Ethelred to Winchester 'ofer Wulfsiges dæg preóstes,' Cod. Dip. Kmbl. vi. 135. This document is dated 996; somewhat later, in the time of Cnut, Wulfsige preóst is mentioned in connection with Kent, but then Æðelwine is scíregeréfa, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. iv. 10. In another charter (before 1011) Leófríc is scíresman in Kent. For the form scírig-, cf. (?) hýrig-mann.
scír-mǽled; adj. Brightly marked, bright with inlaid ornaments :-- Scírmǽled swyrd, Judth. Thw. 24, 38; Jud. 230. v. mál-sweord.
scír-mann (scíre-, scíres-), es; m. I. an official, officer, ruler, one who discharges the duties of a scír (v. scír, I) :-- Scírman procurator, Wrt. Voc. i. 57, 37. Wæs scíremonn (Pontius Pilatus) procurante Pontio Pilato, Lk. Skt. Lind. 3, 1. Scíremon (sgiiremonn, Lind. ) dispensator, Lk. Skt. Rush. 12, 42. Swá sceal gód scýrman (a reeve or bailiff) his hláfordes healdan, dó ymbe his ágen swá swá hé wylle, Anglia ix. 260, 16. Ne ofermódgiaþ ða scírmenn ná for ðý nequaquam praepositi ex hoc superbiunt. Past. 17, 2; Swt. 109, 18. Hwæt elles meahte beón getácnod þurh Eze-chiel búton ða scírmenn per Ezechielem praepositorum persona signatur, 21, 3; Swt. 153, 24. II. an inhabitant of a district (v. scir, II) :-- Gregorius befrán, hú þære scíre nama wǽre, ðe ða cnapan of álǽdde wǽron. Him man sǽde, ðæt ða scírmen wǽron Dere gehátene. Homl. Th. ii. 120, 33. . III. as a technical English term = scír-geréfa. v. Stubbs' Const. Hist. i. 113, Kemble's Saxons in England, ii. 158 :-- Æðelwine scírman (in the next charter he is called scíregeréfa, iv. 10, 27), Cod. Dip. Kmbl. iv. 9, 29. Ufegeat scíreman, 304, 17. Ðá com ðider se scýresman Leófríc, 266, 24: 267, 11. Gif hwá him ryhtes bidde beforan hwelcum scírmen oððe óðrum déman, L. In. 8; Th. i. 106, 21. v. scírig-mann.
scírness, e; f. An explanation, declaration (?) :-- Scírnis ypoteseo bassio, Wrt. Voc. i. 289, 73.
scirpan; p. te. I. to sharpen, whet :-- Scyrpþ acuit, Engl. Stud. ix. 40. Hí hwetton (scyrptun, MS. C. ) tungan heora acuerunt linguam suam. Ps. Spl. 139, 3. Scerptun, Ps. Surt. 139, 4. II. metaph. to make active, arouse :-- Symle hé sceal his hýrmen scyrpan mid manunge tó hláfordes neóde and him eác leánian be ðam ðe hý earnian, Anglia ix. 260, 23. v. a-, ge-scirpan.
scirpan; p. te; pp. ed To clothe :-- Engel hine scirpeþ (scierpeþ) on cwicum wǽdum, Salm. Kmbl. 278; Sal. 138. v. ge-scerpan, sceorp.
-scirpla, scir-seax. v. ge-scirpla, scear-seax.
scír-þegen, es; m. The thane of a shire :-- Ðises is tó gewitnesse . . . Godwine eorl . . . Ælfwine abbod . . . and ealle scírþegenas on Hámtúnscíre, Cod. Dip. B. i. 544, 8.
scirung, e; f. Separation, dismission, rejection :-- Gif hé swá biþ ðæt hé ne sý wyrðe ðære scyrunge (scirunge, MS. T. : ðæt hé wurðe ne beó, ðæt hé beó ðanon áscyred, Wells Frag. ) si non fuerit talis qui mereatur proici, R. Ben. 109, 21.
scír-wered; adj. Bright, clear :-- Wuldres scíma æðele ymb æðelne andlonge niht scan scírwered. Exon. Th. 179, 15; Gú. 1262. Cf. swegl-wered.
scír-wita, an; m. A chief man (wita, q. v. ) of a shire :-- Béte ðæt, swá se scírbisceop and eal scírwitan déman. Wulfst. 173, 30. Gebéte ðæt, swá scírewitan geceósan, 172, 4.
scítan, scýtan (?) to shoot (of a plant), flourish: -- -Nǽfre on his weorþige weá áspringe mearce má scýte (sprýte?) mán inwides may ill never fail in his place, rather may guile flourish in his borders; non defecit de plateis ejus usura et dolus, Ps. Th. 54, 10. [Or does scýte belong to sceótan ? cf. for change of vowel in subjunctive hlípen, Past. Swt. 215, 7.]
scítan; p. scát, pl. sciton; pp. sciten Cacare. [He sched out his bowels and his lyf wiþ þe dritt þat he schoote (shote) effudit viscera et vitam cum ipsis stercoribus, Trev. 5, 153. Prompt. Parv. schytyn merdo, stercoro: O. H. Ger. scízan; Icel. skíta.] v. be-scítan.
scíte, scéte, scýte, an; f. A sheet, piece of linen cloth: -- Scéte, loða sandalium, Wrt. Voc. ɫ. 119, 55. Scýte sindo, i. 25, 47: 81, 61: 284, 58. Wǽfelses l scýtan sindonis, Hpt. Gl. 494, 13. Mid scítan begird, Ap. Th. 12, 17. Heó hire feax gerǽdde and ní mid scýtan besweóp crines composuit, caput linteo cooperuit, Bd. 3, 9; S. 534, 13. Sum iungling mid ánre scýtan bewǽfed (amictus sindone). Mt. Skt. 14, 51, 52. Josep bewand ðone líchoman mid clǽnre scýtan (scétan, Rush. ). Mt. Kmbl. 27, 59: Nicod. 11; Thw. 6, 11: 13; Thw. 6, 31: Guthl.
-scíte -cornered. v. feówer-, feðer-, þrí-scíte (-scýte).
scitel, scytel dung (?) :-- Nim heortes scytel and cnuca tó duste, Lchdm. i. 336, 18. Nim fearres scytel, cnuca and gníd swíðe smale, 368, 12. v. scítan.
Sciððeas, Sciððie, Sciððige, a; pl. The Scythians or (using the name of the people where now the name of the country would be used) Scythia :-- Ða Sciððeas, Bt. 18, 2; Fox 64, 10. Uesoges wolde him tó geteón . . . ðone norþdǽl, ðæt sint Sciþþie; and hú ii ædelingas wurdon áfliémed of Sciððium, Ors. 1, 10, tit.; Swt. 1, 25. He wonn on Sciððie . . . His heres wæs seofon hund þúsenda, ðá hé on Sciððie fór. Huæðere ða Sciððie noldon hiene gesécan tó folcgefeohte, 2, 5; Swt. 78, 8-11. Eall Sciððia lond, 1, 1; Swt. 14, 22. Hé wæs mid firde farende on Sciððie on ða norþdǽlas, 1, 10; Swt. 44, 7 : 2, 4; Swt. 76, 4. On Sciððie (Sciððige, Bos. 43, 42), Swt. 72, 24.
Sciððia, Sciððiu; indecl. : Sciððie, an; f. Scythia :-- Gotan of Sciððiu mǽgþe, Bt. 1; Fox 1, 1. Of Sciððia, Met. 1, 2. Wurdon twegen æðelingas áfliémde of Sciððian, Ors. 1, 10; Swt. 44, 25. Ðæt lond mon hǽtt þa ealdan Sciððian, 1, 1; Swt. 14, 17. v. preceding word.
scitol; adj. Purgative :-- Mettas ðe late melten and swá ðeáh ne synd scitole, Lchdm. ii. 178, 1.
scitte, an; f. Looseness of the bowels, diarrhœa :-- Wið ðon ðe men mete untela melte and gecirre on yfele wǽtan and scittan, Lchdm. ii. 226, 6. [Prompt. Parv. skytte or flux fluxes, lienteria, dissenteria, dyaria : Icel. skita diarrhœa.]
scó, scobl, scocca. v. scóh, scofl, scucca.
scocere? :-- Innan scocera wege, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. v. 107, 9.
-scód. v. drýg-, ge-, un-scód; scógan.
scofettan; p. te To drive hither and thither :-- For ðam hit is openlíce cúð ðætte sió úterre ábisgung ðissa woruldþinga ðæs monnes mód gedréfþ and hine scofett (scofeð, Cott. MSS. : cf. sciéð, 3rd pers. sing. of sceótan, Swt. 70, 7) hidres ðædres óþ þæt hé áfielþ of his ágnum willan cum indubilanter constet, quod cor externis occupationum tumultibus impulsum a semetipso corruat, Past. 22, 1; Swt. 169, 13. Cf. scúfan.
scofl, e; f. A shovel :-- Scofl trulla, Wrt. Voc. i. 289, 19 : ii. 122, 67. Ísern scobl vatilla, 123, 12. Scofle, spadu capella, tuba, 128, 36. Scoble palas, 116, 13. Hé sceal habban spade, scofle, Anglia ix. 263, 6. [Du. schoffel; f. Cf. O. H. Ger. scúvala pala, vanga : Ger. schaufel.] v. fýr-, gléd-, meox-, steór-, wind-scofl.
scógan, scógean, sceógan, scóan (? v. scóung), sceón; p. scóde; pp. scód. sceód To shoe, put on (one's) shoes, furnish with shoes :-- Ic scóge (sceóge) mé calceo vel calcio, Ælfc. Gr. 26, 6; Zup. 158, 8. Se engel cwæð : Begyrd ðé, and sceó (gisceó ðec, Rtl. 58, 11) ðé, and fylig mé, Homl. Th. ii. 382, 9. Sceógiaþ calciate, Engl. Stud. ix. 40. Sceógeaþ eówre fétt, Past. 5, 2; Swt. 44, 10. Cf. His mǽgas hine anscógen óðre fét ðæt mon mǽge siððan hátan his tún ðæs anscódan tún unum ei pedem propinquus discalciet, ejusque habitaculum domum discalceati vocet, Swt. 43, 16. Se biþ mid ryhte óðre fét anscód (on-, Cott. MSS.), and hine mon scyle on bismer hátan se anscóda (discalceatus), Swt. 45, 8. [Scheoinde ou & cloðinde putting on your shoes and clothes, A. R. 16, 4. Heo scoiden (soide hire stedes, 2nd MS.), Laym. 22291. Ræftres mid irene iscod, 7831. O. H. Ger. scuohón; p. scuohta : Icel. skóa, skúa to shoe.] v. -scígan, -scód.
scóh, scó, sceó : gen. scós, sceós; n. pl. scós, sceós; gen. sceóna; dat. scón, scóum; the Ancren Riwle has the weak plural scheon; m. A shoe :-- Scóh caliga, Wrt. Voc. ii. 103, 11 : 127, 67 : 13, 43 : calcarium, i. 291, 29. Scó fico, 26, 17. Rúh scó pero, ii. 78, 6. Tríwen sceó coturnus, i. 26, 21. Gif se innera dǽl ðæs sceós (scós, MS. B.) byþ fixen hýd, Lchdm. i. 342, 11. Þuong scóes (giscóes, Rush.) corrigiam calciamenti, Jn. Skt. Lind. 1, 27. Dó on ðínne winstran scó, Lchdm. i. 396, 3. Scóe calciamentum, Ps. Spl. T. 59, 9. Scós galliculae, Wrt. Voc. ii. 41, 53. Wífes sceós baxeae, unhége sceós talares, i. 26, 20-23. Nǽron his scós farwerode, Homl, Th. i. 456, 21. Wíde sceós hangodan on hira (the Saracens) fótum, Shrn. 38, 8. His sceóna þwanga, Mk. Skt. 1, 7. Sceóea, Lk. Skt. Lind. 3, 16. Hí brohton swínes rysl his scón tó gedreóge, Homl. Th. ii. 144, 29. On ðínum sceón (scón. MS. B.), Lchdm. i. 330, 5. Scóum (scóeum, Lind.) calciamentis, Lk. Skt Rush. 22, 35. Sceówum, p. 4, 7. Ic wyrce sceós facio ficones, Coll. Monast, Th. 27, 33. Nilt ðú habban yfele sceós, and wylt swá ðeáh habban yfel líf. Ic bidde ðé ðæt ðú lǽte ðe ðín líf deórre ðonne ðíne sceós, Homl. Th. ii. 410, 15-18. Habbaþ eówre scós on eówrum fótum, Anglia viii. 322, 29. Scóas (Lind. scóea), Mt. Kmbl. Rush. 10, 10. Scóeas, Lk. Skt. Lind. 15, 22. [Goth. skóhs : O. Sax. skóh : O. Frs. O. L. Ger. scó : O. H. Ger. scuoh : Icel. skór.] v. slífe-, slýpe-, steppe-scóh; hand-sció; ge-scý.
scóhere, scóere, es; m. A shoemaker :-- Scoehere sutrinator, Txts. 1l5, 122. Scóere, 101, 1962. [Icel. skóari.]
scóh-nægel, es; m. A shoe-nail :-- Scóhnegl clavus caligaris, Wrt. Voc. ii. 104, 15. Scóhnægl clavus calicularis, 131, 54.
scóh-þegn, es; m. A servant who attends to shoes :-- Be sceóhþénum de calciariis, R. Ben. Interl. 91, 9.
scóh-þwang, es; m. The thong or latchet of a shoe :-- Ic ne eom wyrðe ðæt ic hys sceóþwancg (shoþuong. O. E. Homl. ii. 137, 33. Shoþwang, Orm. 10387) uncnytte non sum dignus soluere corrigiam calciamentorum ejus, Lk. Skt. 3, 16. Sceóþwang, Jn. Skt. 1, 27. Gisceó dec sceóhþongum ðínum calcia te caligas tuas, Rtl. 58, 11. [Icel. skóþvengr.]
scóh-wyrhta, an; m. A shoemaker. From the description of his work given by the sceówyrhta (sutor) in Ælfric's Colloquy, Thorpe, p. 27, he seems to have been a general worker-in leather. Besides boots and shoes he makes harness, leather bags and bottles :-- Facio calceamenta diversi generis, subtalares et ficones, caligas et utres, frenos et phaleras et flascones et calidilia, calcaria et chamos, peras et marsupia. [M. H. Ger. schuoch-wurhte.] v. sútere.
scola a debtor :-- Gescolan condebitores, Wrt. Voc. ii. 105, 23. [Goth. skula : O. Sax. skolo : O. H. Ger. scolo debitor.]
scola (scóla? v. scolu) a learner :-- Gescola condiscipulus, conscolaris, Hpt. Gl. 459, 66.
scolere (scólere?), es; m. A scholar, learner :-- Nim ðú lá geornfulla scoliere, Anglia viii. 304, 16. Seó rǽding pingþ ðæne scoliere, 308, . Ða scolieras witon ðe synt getýdde on bóclícum cræfte, 314, 9 : 335, 42. Ðám scolierum ðás þing gecýðan, 303, 48. Ðæt ǽnig preóst ne underfó óðres scolere, L. Edg. C. 10; Th. ii. 246, 24. [O. H. Ger. scuolari scholaris, discipulus.] v. emn-sceólere.
scol-(scól-)mann, es; m. I. one who attends a school, a scholar :-- Scól scola, scólman scolasticus, Wrt. Voc. i. 75. 27-28 : 46, 62. II. one who belongs to a band (v. scolu, II), a follower, client :-- Scolman cliens, 46, 62.
scolu, scól (these two forms may give the later shoal, school as col, cól give coal, cool), e; f. I. a school :-- Scól scola, Wrt. Voc. i. 75, 27. Scól scola, se ðe on scóle (sceóle, MS. U.) ys scolasticus, Ælfc. Gr. 5; Zup. 11, 13-15. Ðý ilcan geáre forborn Ongolcynnes scolu, Chr. 816; Erl. 62, 7. Constantinus hiene benǽmde ðære scole ðe hé on leornode, Ors. 6, 31; Swt. 284, 24. His lic líþ on Angelcynnes scole, Chr. 874; Erl. 76, 26. Of scole ex scole, Wrt. Voc. ii. 31, 64 : 95, 14. Hú ne eart ðú se mon ðe on mínre scole wǽre áféd and gelǽred, Bt. 3, 1; Fox 4, 19. Eubolus underféng ðone cnapan tó lárlícre scole . . . On ðære ylcan scole wæs Iulianus, Homl. Skt. i. 3, 14-16. Ic becom tó Cristes scole, 2, 244. Maria wunode on ealra ðæra apostola gýmene on ðære heofonlícan scole embe Godes ǽ smeágende, Homl. Th. i. 440, 8. Sum leorningman on scole scholasticus quidam, Bd. 3, 13; S. 538, 18. Ic (Ethelwulf) on Róme Englisce scole gesette, Chart. Th. 116, 33. Se (Marinus) gefreóde Ongelcynnes scole be Ælfrédes béne West-Seaxna cyninges, Chr. 885; Erl. 84, 19. Cildru on scole betǽcan, Lchdm. iii. 184, 27 : 188, 18. II. a band or troop of people, a shoal, school (in school of fishes) :-- Him on healfa gehwone heofonengla þreát ymbútan faraþ, ælbeorhtra scolu, Exon. Th. 58, 2; Cri. 929. Synfulra here, womfulra scolu, 94, 5; Cri. 1535 : 98, 15; Cri. 1608 : 114, 19; Gú. 175. Seó deóre scolu the heavenly host, 235, 21; Ph. 235. Árleásra sceolu, Elen. Kmbl. 2600; El. 1301 : 1523; El. 763. Éce fýr wæs Satane and his gesíðum mid, deófle, gegearwad, and ðære deorcan scole, Exon. Th. 93, 9; Cri. 1523. Ðæt gesǽlige weorud gesihþ ðæt fordóne, . . . byrnendra scole, 77, 6; Cri. 1252. Hé gesomnode miccle scole and wered his geþoftena, Guthl. 2; Gdwin. 14, 2. Ðá wearð stearc storms gelác . . . út feor ádráf on Wendelsǽ wígendra scola, Met. 26, 31. [O. Sax. skola a band, troop : O. H. Ger. scuola schola : Icel. skóli a school. From Latin.] v. geneát-, hand-, þegn-, þeóf- scolu.
scóm-hylt, e; f. A shady wood, thicket, shrubbery :-- Scoomhylti frutices, Wrt. Voc. ii. 39, 60. [Cf. (?) Icel. skúmi shade, dusk.] Cf. holt.
Scón-ég Skaane, a district forming the southernmost part of the Scandinavian peninsula, formerly belonging to Denmark, but since 1658 to Sweden : the Icelandic form is Skáney. The name occurs in Ors. 1, 1; Swt. 19, 35.
scop, sceop, es; m. A poet :-- Scop liricus, unwurð scop tragicus vel comicus, Wrt. Voc. i. 60, 5, 9. Scop comicus, 291, 25 : ii. 17, 38. Comices, s. est qui comedia scribit, cantator, vel artifex canticorum seculorum, idem satyricus, i. scop, joculator, poeta, 132, 16. Se hǽðena scop Pompeius historicus, Ors. 1, 5; Swt. 32, 28. Terrentius se mǽra Cartaina scop Terentius comicus, 4, 10; Swt. 202, 26. Geríseþ gód scop gumum, Exon. Th. 341, 18; Gn. Ex. 128. Scop hwílum sang hádor on Heorote, Beo. Th. 997; B. 496. Hróðgares scop, 2137; B. 1066 : Exon. Th. 379, 21; Deór. 36. Sceop oððe leóðwyrhta poeta, Wrt. Voc. i. 73, 68. Ðes sceop hic poeta, ðises sceopes huius poetae, Ælfc. Gr. 7; Zup. 24, 6 : 36; Zup. 215, 8. Wítega oððe sceop vates, 10; Zup. 77, 3. Be ðam wæs singende sum sceop unde tragicus exclamat, Bt. 30, 1; Fox 106, 31. Swá Parmenides se sceop geddode, 35, 5; Fox 166, 8. Omerus se góda sceop on his leóþum swíðe herede ðare sunnan gecynd, 41, 1; Fox 244, 4, Ðǽr wæs hearpan swég, swutol sang scopes, Beo. Th. 180; B. 90. Omerus wæs ðæm mǽran sceope (Virgil) magistra betst, Met. 30, 4. Gecuron him ánne scop tó cyninge . . . se heora cyning ongan singan and giddian, Ors. 1, 14; Swt. 56, 29. Unweorþe scopas tragedi vel comedi, Wrt. Voc. i. 39, 39. Scopas lyrici, ii. 54, 9 : vates, Hymn. Surt. 119, 18. Fram ðisum sceopum ic gehýrde leóþ, Ælfc. Gr. 7; Zup. 24, 2. [Scopes þer sungen, Laym. 30615. O. H. Ger. scof poeta, vates. Cf. (?) Icel. skop railing, mocking.] v. ǽfen-, ealu-, sealm-scop. Cartaina scop Terentius comicus, 4, 10; Swt. 202, 26. Geríseþ gód scop gumum. Exon. Th. 341, 18; Gn. Ex. 128. Scop hwílum sang hádor on Heorote, Beo. Th. 997; B. 496. Hróðgares scop, 2137; B. 1066 : Exon. Th. 379, 21; Deór. 36. Sceop oððe leóðwyrhta poeta, Wrt. Voc. I. 73, 68. Ðes sceop hic poeta, ðises sceopes huius poetae, Ælfc. Gr. 7; Zup. 24, 6 : 36; Zup. 215, 8. Wítega oððe sceop vates, 10; Zup. 77, 3. Be ðam wæs singende sum sceop ude tragicus exclamat, Bt. 30, l Fox 106, 31. Swá Parmenides se sceop geddode, 35, 5; Fox 166, 8. Omerus se góda sceop on his leóþum swíðe herede ðære sunnan gecynd, 41, 1; Fox 244, 4. Ðǽr wæs hearpan swég, swutol sang scopes, Beo. Th. 180; B. 90. Omerus wæs ðæm mǽran sceope (Virgil) magistra betst. Met. 30, 4. Gecuron him ánne scop tó cyninge ... se heora cyning ongan singan and giddian, Ors. 1, 14; Swt. 56, 29. Unweorþe scopas tragedi vel comedi, Wrt. Voc. i. 39, 39. Scopas lyrici, ii. 54, 9 : vates. Hymn. Surt. 119, 18. Fram ðisum sceopum ic gehýrde leóþ, Ælfc. Gr. 7; Zup. 24, 2. [Scopes þer sungen, Laym. 30615. O. H. Ger. scof poeta, vates. Cf. (?) Icel. skop railing, mocking.] v. ǽfen-, ealu-, sealm-scop.
scop-cræft, es; m. The poet's art, poetry :--Sceop poeta, ic leornige sceopcræft (scop-) poetor, Ælfc. Gr. 36; Zup. 215, 9.
scop-gereord, es; n. Poetic diction, the language of poetry :--Swá hwæt swá hé of godcundum stafum þurh bóceras geleornode, ðæt hé in sceopgereorde (verbis poeticis) geglencde, Bd. 4, 24; S. 594, 34.
scop-leóþ, es; n. A poem :--Se heora cyning ongan singan and giddian and mid ðæm scopleóþe heora mód swíðe getrymede Tyrtaei ducis composito carmine et pro cocione recitato accensi, Ors. 1, 14; Swt. 56, 32. Hé (Nero) ongon wyrcan scopleóþ be ðæm bryne Iliadem decantabat, 6, 5; Swt. 262, 1. Swá hit an scopleóþum sungen is quod poeta descripsit, 2, 4; Swt. 72, 20. [O. H. Ger. scof-leod.]
scop-líc; adj. Poetic :--Mid meterlícum fotum ɫ scoplícum pedibus poeticis, Hpt. Gl. 411, 4. [O. H. Ger. scof-líh poeticus : cf. O. L. Ger. scop-líco poetice.]
scoppa, an; m. A shop, a booth or shed for trade or work (cf. workshop) :--Hé geseh ða welegan hyra lác sendan on ðone sceoppan (in gazophilacium), Lk. Skt. 21, 1. [The bowiares ssope hii breke, & the bowes nome echon, R. Glouc. 541, 16. Euerych soutere Þ halt shoppe, English Gilds, 358, 22. Marchantz beshetten hyni in here shope, Piers P. 2, 213. Schoppe opella, propala, Prompt. Parv. A shoppe or a werkehous operarium, Wülck. Gl. 599, 10. A schope opella, a hordhows gazafilacium, 730, 3-6. A schoppe opella, a treserhouse gazafilacium, 804, 28, 29. Cf. O. H. Ger. schof a building without walls; also a vestibule : Ger. schuppen a shed.] v. scypen.
scora, an; m. A hairy garment :--Bánrift tibialis, scora tricilo, Wrt. Voc. i. 289, 16.
scorf, sceorf, scurf, scruf, es; m. (?) Scurf :--Hyt áfeormaþ ðone leahtor ðe Grécas hostopyturas hátaþ, ðæt ys scurf ðæs heáfdes, Lchdm. i. 322, 16. Wið scurfe and nebcorne, 68, 10. Wið heáfodsár, ðæt ys wið scurf, 116, 23. Wið scruf (scurf. MSS. H. B.) and wið sceb, 316, 22. Wið scurfum, 356, 23. Swá mycel hreófla and sceorfa on his heáfde hæfde ðæt him nǽfre nǽnig feax on ðam uferan dǽle ðæs heáfdes ácenned beón mihte scabiem tantam ac furfures habebat in capite, ut nil unquam capillorum ei in superiore parte capitis nasci valeret. Bd. 5, 2; S. 614, 44. [Scrofe or scalle glabra, Wrt. Voc. 179, 9. Scurf of scabbys squama, scurfe of metel scorium, Prompt. Parv. 451. O. H. Ger. scorf scabies : Ger. schorf; m.: Icel. skurfur; f. pl.]
scorfed, sceorfed, scurfed; adj. Rough, scabbed :--Wið scurfedum nægle (unguium scabritiem); nim gecyrnadne sticcan, sete on ðone nægl wið ða wearta. Lchdm. ii. 150, 4. [þé ssoruede (leprous), þe scallede, Ayenb. 224, 6.] v. next word.
scorfende, sceorfende, scurfende; part. Getting rough or scabby :--Wið scurfendum næglum ad scabiem unguium, Lchdm. i. 370, 9. v. preceding word.
scorian; p. ode To refuse, reject an offer, repudiate :--Ða ðe ne gelýfab þurh ágenne cyre hí scoriaþ ná þurh gewyrd those who do not believe refuse by their own choice, not by fate, Homl. Th. i. 114, 12. Ðá sceorede ðá gyt se yldesta hǽðengylda mid mycelre þwyrnysse the chief idolater still refused (Christianity) with much perversity, 72, 9. [Cf. O. L. Ger. scurgan avertere, expellere : O. H. Ger. scurgan trudere, impellere, propellere; fer-scurgan repellere.] v. wið-scorian and next word.
scorian; p. ode To project, jut :--Ða stánas swá of óðrum clife út sceoredon, Blickl. Homl. 207, 20. [Cf. O. H. Ger. scorrén prodire, fram-, furi-scorrén pro-, e-minere, Grff. vi. 539.] v. preceding word.
scort; adj. Short. I. marking the length of an object :--Scort sinewealt stán cilindrus, Wrt. Voc. i. 41, 35. Sceort bed wið eorþan coma, 41, 31. Sceort scip naviscella, 47, 60 : 56, 33. Ðæt ic ðé móste getǽcan swá sceortne (scortne, Cote. MS.) weg swá ic scyrtestne findan meahte, Bt. 40, 5; Fox 240, 17. Hé hæfþ scyrtran (sceortran, MS. R.) sceade ðonne seó sunne, Lchdm. iii. 252, 13. On lxv and þreó hundræd scy[r]tran and lengran ða ǽdron beóþ tódǽlede, 146, 6. II. marking height, not tall :--Hé (Zacchaeus) wæs scort on wæstme. Homl. Th. i. 580, 30. III. of time, (1) of a period of time :--Tó scortre hwíle for a short time, Past. 36, 6; Swt. 255, 11. Ðæt wé sceolan on ðisse sceortan tíde geearnian éce ræste, Blickl. Homl. 83, 2. Ðú ðám winterdagum selest scorte tída, Bt. 4; Fox 8, 4. Sceorta, Met. 4, 20. Nis nǽnig mon ðe wite hwæðer ðis þúsend sceole beón scyrtre ðe lengre. Blickl. Homl. 119, 6. Dagas ne synd náðor ne længran ne scyrtran ðonne hí æt fruman wǽran, Lchdm iii. 252, 19. Se mónaþ (February) is ealra scyrtost (scyrtst, MSS. P. M. : scirtst, MS. L.), 264, 8. Scyrtest, Anglia viii. 306, 8. (2) marking duration, (a) short-lived, brief :--Ðeáh se hlísa ðara foremǽrena monna hwílum lang sié, hé biþ ðeáh swíðe scort tó metanne wið ðone ðe nǽfre ne geendaþ. Bt. 18, 3; Fox 66, 18. Hú ne biþ simle ðæt lange yfel wyrse ðonne ðæt scorte, 38, 2; Fox 198, 12. Ðæt wuldor ðysses middangeardes is sceort and gewítende. Blickl. Homl. 65, 15. (b) not occupying much time :--Hwá ne wundraþ ðætte sume tunglu habbaþ scyrtran hwyrft (an orbit that requires less time to complete) ðoune sume habban. Bt. 39, 3; Fox 214, 18. Wé hit sæcgaþ eów on ða scortostan wísan we will tell it you in the briefest fashion, Homl. Skt. i. 4, 140. (c) as a grammatical term :--Seó forme geendung is on scortne a, Ælfc. Gr. 9, 1; Zup. 32, 17. Mid fíffétedum ɫ scertrum brachycataleclico, Hpt. Gl. 409, 27. [O. H. Ger. scurz. Cf. Icel. skortr want.] v. next word.
scortian; p. ode. I. to get short, shorten (intrans.) :--Se dæg ðonne sceortaþ, Lchdm. iii. 250, 23. Se sceortigenda (scort-, MS. L.) dæg ... se langienda dæg, 252, 8. II. to make short (? cf. þenne cumeð þe deofel and him scorteð his daʒes, O. E. Homl. i. 25, 14. To schorte oure weie, Chauc. Prol. 791). III. to run short, fail :--Ðætte ne scortige (sceortiga, Lind.) gileófa ðín ut non deficiat fides tua, Lk. Skt. Rush. 22, 32. [Cf. Icel. skorta to ran short.] v. a-, ge-, onsceortian; scyrtan.
scortlíc; adj. Short, of time, not lasting :--Sceortlíc ɫ hwílendlíc momentaneum, Scint. 214, 16.
scortlíce; adv. I. of time, shortly, before long, soon :--Nú gyt scortlíce ɫ lytel fæc and ne byþ se synfulla adhuc pusillum et non erit peccator, Ps. Lamb. 36, 10. Scortlícor maturius, citius, velocius. Hpt. Gl. 527, 14. II. of speech, narrative, etc., shortly, briefly, compendiously :--Scortlíce strictim, breviter, 492, 27. Scortlíce (breviter) ic hæbbe nú gesǽd yrabe ða brié dǽlas, Ors. l, l; Swt. 10, 3 : l, 14; Swt. 58, 7 : Ælfc. Gr. 10; Zup. 76, 3. Nú wylle wé sum þing scortlíce eów be him gereccan, Homl. Th. ii. 118, 3. Sceortlíce summatim, breviter, vel commatice, Wrt. Voc. i. 55, 15 : strictim, ii. 82, 74. Nú is óðer cwyde be gódum mannum sceortlíce gecweden, Homl. Th. i. 484, 20. Wé willaþ furðor swíðor sprecan, and wé secgaþ nú sceortlíce, Lchdm. iii. 240, 2.
scortness, e; f. I. shortness (of time) :--Ðonne byrneþ on scortnisse gramen hys cum exarsent in brevi ira ejus, Ps. Spl. 2, 13. Ða scortnesse ðysse worulde and ða écnesse ðæs tóweardan lífes. Homl. As. 168, 117. II. a short account, an epitome (cf. a brief, and v. scortlíce, II) :--Manega synd gyt coniunctiones, ðe wé ne mágon nú secgan on ðissere sceortnysse, Ælfc. Gr. 44; Zup. 266, 8. Wé habbaþ gesǽd on ðisre sceortnysse, hú God geswutelode ða sóðfæstan godspelleras, Homl. Skt. i. 15, 219.
scort-wyrplíc; adj. Of early fulfilment, coming to pass shortly:-- On .xv. nihta sceortwyrplíc ðæt bid. On .xvi. nihta æfter langre tíde hit ágǽþ a dream on the fifteenth night of the month will be of early fulfilment. On the sixteenth it will come to pass after a long time, Lchdm. .iii. 156, 2.
scot, es; n. I. a shot, a shooting :--Hié his siððan wǽran swíðe éhtende ge mid scotum (gesceotum, MS. C.) ge mid stána torfungum ge mid eallum heora wígcræftum, Ors. 3, 9; Swt. 134, 15. [II. a shot, missile, v. ge-sceot, and cf. No man ... No maner schot, ne pollax, ne schort knyf Into the listes, sende, Ch. K. T. 1686. See also the cognate words.] III. a rapid movement (v. sceótan, IV, III, ge-sceót (read -sceot), II), a rush, dart;--Leax sceal on wǽle mid sceote scríðan, Menol. Fox 539; Gn. C. 40. IV. a scot (as in scot and lot, scot-free), a shot (as in to pay one's shot), a contribution, tax. v. sáwel-scot, sceótan, VII. V. a building, v. sele-scot, ge-sceot, III. [O. Frs. scot a missile; a contribution, tribute : O. H. Ger. scoz; n. telum, jaculum : M. H. Ger. schoz; m. tribute, tax: Icel. skot; n. a shot, shooting; a missile; a contribution.] v. ge-sceot (-scot); scyte.
scota, an; m. One who shoots or hurls, a soldier :--Gescota commanipularius, Wrt. Voc. ii. 104, 82 : 132, 49. [Icel. and-skoti an adversary.] Cf. scytta.
scotere (?) one who shoots or hurls, a warrior :--Nó hé ðære feohgyfte for scoterurn (? scotenum, MS.) scamigan þorfte, Beo. Th. 2056; B. 1026.
scot-freó; adj. Scot-free, exempt from imposts :--Scotfré and gafolfré, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. iv. 215, 32 : 191, 18.
scotian, sceotian; p. ode. I. (l) to shoot a person with a weapon :--Hwá sceotaþ ðæt deófol mid weallendum strǽlum ? Se Pater Noster sceotaþ ðæt deófol, Salm. Kmbl. p. 148, 1-3. Hí scotiaþ hine sagittabunt eum, Ps. Lamb. 63, 6: Wé mid strǽlum hié scotodon, Nar. 22, 18. Ðæt hý scotien rihtheortan, Ps. Spl. 10, 2. Hí unscyldige mid bogan scotian þenceaþ ut sagittent immaculatum, Ps. Th. 63, 3. Eú scealt mid hálgum Godes wordum ðínne feónd sceotian, Basil admn. 2; Norm. 36, 7. Hý wǽron mid strǽlum scotode, Shrn. 135, 29. (2) to shoot a weapon at a person, to hurl :-- Ðæt yrre hys spere scotaþ ongeán ðæt geþyld ira lanceam suam iacit contra patientiam, Gl. Prud. 20 a. Drihten lígetas sceotaþ Dominus jaculatur fulgura, Bd. 4, 3; S. 569, 22. Hé sceotaþ his flán and his scearpe spere ongeán his wiðerwinnan, Basil admn. 2; Norm. 36, 5. Of heofene dóm scotad is, Ps. Surt. 75, 9. (3) to shoot (intrans.):--Hí hine scearpum strélum on scotiaþ, Ps. Th. 63, 4. Gif ðé man scotaþ tó, Homl. Th. ii. 538, 10. Scotiaþ scríðende scín scearpum wǽpnum, Exon. Th. 385, 28; Rä. 4, 51. Mid ðám strǽlum ðæs hálgan sealmsanges hé wið ðám áwerigedum gástum sceotode, Guthl. 3; Gdwin. 24, 12. Sume scotedon mid arewan tóweard ðám háligdóme. . . . Hí scotedon swíðe, Chr. 1083; Erl. 217, 19-25. II. to shoot, move rapidly :-- Steorran fóran swýðe scotienda [cf. O. H. Ger. diu scozonten fiur (a shooting star)], 744; Erl. 49, 2. [Laym. scotien (mid flan).] v. of-scotian.
Scot-land, es; n. I. Ireland, where the Scottas lived before migrating to the country now called Scotland:--On westende (of Europe) is Scotland, Ors. 1, 1; Swt. 8, 27. Án diácon wearð forþféred on Sceotlande (cf. an Scotta eálonde, 215, 21), and ðæs diácones nama wæs Njál háten, Wulfst. 205, 16. Hí cómon on Scotland (Hiberniam) upp, Bd. l, l; S. 474, 10. II. Scotland :-- Hér fór Æþelstán cyning on Scotland (tó Scotlande in Scotiam, MS. F.), Chr. 934; Erl. 111, 9. Hé (Cnut) fór tó Scotlande, and Scotta cyng him tó beáh, Mælcolm, 1031; Erl. 163, 20. Hé (Fursetis) férde geond eal Ýrrland and Scotland, Homl. Th. ii. 346, 29. v. Scottas
scot-lira, an; m. The fleshy part of the leg, the calf of the leg :-- Scotliran suras, Lchdm. i.lxxiv, 19. Cf. spear-lira.
scot-spere, es; n. A spear for hurling, a javelin :-- Scotsper[a], gára jaculorum, Hpt. Gl. 405, 52.
Scottas; pl. The Scots, a race found first in Ireland, whence a part migrated to North Britain, which from them got the name Scotland. (l) Scots of Ireland :-- Þrié Scottas cuómon tó Ælfréde cyninge on ánum báte bútan ǽlcum geréþrum of Hibernia, Chr. 891; Erl. 88, 5. Ðá forþgongenre tíde æfter Bryttum and Peohtum þridde cynn Scotta Breotone onféng . . . Ða wǽron cumene of Hibernia Scotta eálonde . . . Hibernia is ágendlíce Scotta éþel, heonan cóman seó þeód Scotta, Bd. 1. 1; S. 474, 24-42. Com of Hibernia Scotta eálande Fursius . . . Wæs Furseus of ðám æþelestan cynne Scotta, 3, 19; S. 547, 2-25. In Hibernia mǽgþe, ðæt is on Scotta lande, Shrn. 51, 30. On Sceotta land, Wulfst. 205, 7. Scotta land, eálond, 215, 17, 21. Gif næddre sleá man, ðone blacan snegl áwæsc on háligwætre, sele drincan oððe hwaethwega ðæs ðe fram Scottum cóme a little water that has come from Ireland (because of its peculiar efficacy (?). Cf. Bede's statement of the cures worked on those who were bitten by snakes through the application of water in which scrapings from the leaves of Irish books were put, Bd. 1, 1; S. 474, 36-39), Lchdm. ii. 110, 15. (2) Scots of Scotland :-- Eádréd gerád eal Norþhymbra land him tó gewealde, and Scottas him áþas sealdan, Chr. 946; Erl. 118, 1. Hine gecés to hláforde Scotta cyning and eall Scotta þeód, 924; Erl. 110, 14. Crungun Sceotta leóda, 937; Erl. 112, 11, 32. Férde bodiende betwux Ýrum and Scottum and siððan ofer eal Angelcynn, Homl. Th. ii. 346, 35. Mid Scottum ic wæs and mid Peohtum (or under (I) Cf. Scotta cynn Breotone onféng on Pehta dǽle, Bd. l, l; S. 474, 24), Exon. Th. 323, 15; Víd. 79.
scottettan (?) to move about quickly (? cf. sceotan, III, IV; scotian, II). to dance, leap :-- Sceottet (or = (?) sceóteþ: t for þ occurs in verb inflexions in the same glossary, e. g. geþwǽrat, 397, 439) saltat, Germ. 394, 222.
scotung, e; f. I. shooting :-- Wunda ðe ða wælhreówan hǽðenan mid gelómre scotunge on his líce macodon, Th. An. 123, 33. II. what is shot, a missile :-- Hí synt scotunga oððe flána ipsi sunt jacula, Ps. Lamb. 54, 22. Sceotunga, Ps. Spl. C. 54, 24. Scotunge ðíne jacula tua, Ps. Surt. ii. p. 190, 15. Hé wæs biset mid heora scotungum swylce ýles byrsta, Th. An. 122, 17. Wið ðám scotungum ðara werigra gásta hé hine mid gástlícum wǽpnum gescylde, Guthl. 3; Gdwin. 24, 5. For ðæs fýres sceotungum on account of the flashes of lightning, Lchdm. iii. 280, 15. v. scotian.
scóung, e; f. A provision of shoes :-- Hís mete and scóung and glófung him gebyreþ he is to have his food and shoes and gloves provided for him, L. R. S. 10; Th. i. 438, 6.
scrád, a moving body (? v. scríðan), a vessel (?), a body of travellers (? cf. Icel. skreið a shoal, flock):--Scrifen scrád glád þurh gescád in brád, wæs on lagustreáme lád, Exon. Th. 353, 15; Reim. 13.
scræf, es; m. Some kind of bird, a cormorant (?):--Scraeb merga, Wrt. Voc. ii. 114, 6. Screb ibinem (GREEK, cf. ibin avis in Affrica habens longum rostrum, 4), Shrn. 29, 19. [Cf. (?) Icel. skarfr the green cormorant.]
scræf, screaf, scref, es; n. I. a cave, cavern, hollow place in the earth :-- Scræf spelunca, Wrt. Voc. i. 38, 21. Ðǽr (hell) biþ fýr and wyrm, open éce scræf, Cd. Th. 212, 10; Exod. 537. Cirice on scræfes onlícnesse, Blickl. Homl. 197, 18. Hé férde tó ðam munte and on ánum scræfe (in spelunca) wunode, Gen. 19, 30: 23, 11. Hé hét wilian tó ðám scræfe (ad os speluncae) micele weorcstánas, Jos. 10, 18. Scræfe crypta, Wrt. Voc. ii. 24, 59. Scrafe antro, Hpt. Gl. 483, 76. Tó ánum micclum screafe under ánre dúne, Homl. Th. ii. 424, 21. Tó screfe ɫ scrife ad cloacum, Hpt. Gl. 515, 72. Hí ne mihton ofer ðæt scræf, Blickl. Homl. 201, 16. Cwóman wyrmas of ðǽm neáhdúnum and scrafum ex vicinis montium speluncis, Nar. 14, 6. On wéstenum and on scræfum, Bd. 1, 8; S. 479, 21. Scræfu speluncas, concavas petras, Wrt. Voc. ii. 129, 66. Screafu cavernas, 21, 64. II. a miserable dwelling, a den :-- Neara scræf gurgustulum vel gurgustium, i. 58, 29. Nihthrefne gelíc ðe on scræfe eardaþ sicut nycticorax in domicilio, Ps. Th. 101, 5. Gé mín hús habbaþ gedón sceaðum tó screafe (cf. gé worhtun ðæt tó þeófa cote, Mt. Kmbl. 21, 13), Homl. Th. i. 406, 3. Se hæfde on byrgenum scræf (domicilium), Mk. Skt. 5, 3. Geond ðæt atole scræf (hell), Cd. Th. 272, 33; Sat. 129: 290, 22; Sat. 419. Scref, 266, 23; Sat. 26: 269, 15; Sat. 73. Gé mín hús dóþ sceaþum tó scrafum, Blickl. Homl. 71. 20. Ðé is leófre on ðisum wácum scræfum ðonne ðú on healle heálíc biscop sitte (cf. ðá wolde se hálga sum hús timbrian, 144, 31), Homl. Th. ii. 146, 28. On wáclícum screafum oððe hulcum lutigende, i. 544, 30. v. dún-, eorþ-, wíte-, wráþ-scræf.
scrætte, an; f. An adulteress, a harlot :-- Scrættena moecharum, meretricum, Hpt. Gl. 507, 2. Scrættena (scræftena, MS.) scortarum, 524, l. In fifteenth century vocabularies skratt, skrate translates armifrodita, Wrt. Voc. i. 217, 23: 268, 64; see also Cath. Angl. 325; and in this sense Halliwell gives scrat as a word in dialects of the North. Scritta is the form glossing hermaphroditus in Ælfric's Glossary, Wrt. Voc. i. 45, 28. Corresponding forms but with different meanings are found in O. H. Ger scraz; pl. scrazza pilosi, incubi; screzza larvae; scratun; pl. pilosi, larvae: Icel. skratti; m. a wizard, warlock; goblin, monster. Cf. Old Scratch, v. Grmm. D. M. 447 sqq.
scrallettan to make a loud sound :-- Ðonne wín hweteþ beornes breóstsefan stígeþ cirm on corþre cwide scralletaþ missenlíce when wine excites a man's mind, clamour arises in the company, they cry out with speech diverse, Exon. Th. 314, 27; Mód. 20. Sum sceal mid hearpan æt his hláfordes fótum sittan snere wrǽstan lǽtan scralletan one shall sit with a harp at his lord's feet, bend the strings, mate them send forth loud sound, 332, 10; Vy. 83. [Cf. Dan. skralde to sound loud; and see shrill in Skeat's Etym. Dict.]
screáde, an; screád, e; f. A piece cut off, a shred, a screed, paring :-- Screáde sceda, Wrt. Voc. i. 46, 70. Screádan praesegmina, praecisiones, 40, 9. Æppelscreáda quisquiliae, 22, 13, [Gif heo mei sparien eni poure schreaden (schiue, MS. T.: schraden, MS. C.), A. R. 416, 2. Hauede he non so god brede, Ne on his bord non so god shrede, Þat he ne wolde þorwit fede Poure, Havel. 99. Schrede or clyppynge of clothe or oþor thynge scissura, presegmen, Prompt. Parv. 448. O. Du. schroode: O. H. Ger. scrót: Ger. schrot. Cf. Icel. skrjóðr a shred, strip.]
screádian; p. ode To shred, cut up or off, pare, (of trees) to prune :-- Búton ða láreówas screádian ða leahtras þurh heora láre áweg, ne biþ ðæt lǽwede folc wæstmbǽre, Homl. Th. ii. 74, 16. Ðá hét hé (Herod) him his seax árǽcan tó screádigenne (cf. æppelscreáda quisquiliae) ǽnne æppel, i. 88, 9. [He (Herod) badd himm brinngenn ænne cnif An appell forr to shrædenn. Orm. 8118. Scradieð eower sceldes al of þe smal enden, Laym. 5866. Wortes or othere herbes . . . she shredde and seeth, Chauc. Cl. T. 227. Cf. He shred (concidit) the wild gourds into the pot of pottage, 2 Kings iv. 39. Schredyn̄ or schragge trees sarculo, sarmento; schredyn̄ wortys or oþer herbys detirso, Prompt. Parv. 448. O. Du. schrooden: O. H. Ger. scrótan; p. screot demere, tondere: Ger. schroten to cut, gnaw.] v. á-, ge-screádian, and next word.
screádung, e; f. I. pruning, trimming :-- Screádung putatio, Wrt. Voc. i. 39, 3. [Schredynge of trees and oþer lyke sarmentacio, sarculacio. Prompt. Parv. 448.] v. next word. II. what is cut off, a shred, cutting, fragment, paring, leaving of food:--Screádunga fragmentorum. Mt. Kmbl. Lind. 14, 20: Jn. Skt. Lind. Rush. 6, 12, 13: Mk. Skt. Lind. 6, 43. Scrádunga, Rush. 6, 43. Of screádungum de micis, 7, 28. Screádungo reliquias, Lk. Skt. Lind. Rush. 24, 43.
screádung-ísen, es; n. An instrument for pruning or trimming :-- Wíngeardes screádungísen sarculus, Wrt. Voc. i. 16, 11.
screáwa, an; m. A shrew-mouse :-- Screáwa mus araneus, Wrt. Voc. i. 24, 29: musiranus, ii. 55, 80: massiranus, 71, 24. Scréuua, screáuua, scraeua musiranus, Txts. 78, 649. [Cf. Chauc. Piers P. Prompt. Parv. schrewe, shrewe pravus.]
screb, scréc, scref. v. scræf; m. scríc, scræf.
scremman; p. de To make a person stumble, put a stumbling-block in a person's way :-- Ne wirige ðú deáfe ne scremme ðú blinde non maledices surdo, nec coram coeco pones offendiculum, Lev. 19, 14. [The word, like scrimman, q. v., seems to suggest comparison with forms in mp. Cf. Icel. skreppa; p. skrapp to slip; the causative of this verb might appear in English as scrempan, whose meaning would be that given to scremman. Scrincan, screncan are parallel, as regards meaning, to scrimman, scremman.]
screncan; p. te To lay a stumbling-block in a person's way, trip up, ensnare :-- Eft hé cwæð: 'Ne screnc dú ðone blindan' . . . Se screncþ ðone blindan ðe ðone ungesceádwísan mirþ protinus adjunxit: 'Nec coram coeco pones offendiculum' . . . Coram coeco offendiculum ponere est . . . ei, qui lumen discretionis nan habet, scandali occasionem praebere. Past. 59, 6; Swt. 453, 1-4. Cf. Hé þurh ealle uncysta ða mód gescrencþ per universa vitia animum supplantat, 11, 6; Swt. 73, 2. Healden hié dæt hié ða ne screncen ða ðe gáþ on ryhtne weg tóweard ðæs hefonríces ne ad ingressum regni tendentibus obstaculum fiunt, 9; Swt. 59, 19. [Ute we bidden God ðæt he us shilde þerwið þat he (the devil) us ne shrenche and seien: Custodi me a laqueo, O. E. Homl. ii. 209, 18. Þe deouel þat weneð me to schrenchen ant schunchen of þe weie þat leadeþ to eche lif, Jul. 34, l. He wile scrennkenn hemm Full hefig fall to fallenn, Orm. 11861. To scrennkenn ure sawless, 2618.] v. á-, for-, ge-screncan.
scrence, screncedness, screncend. v. ge-, mis-scrence, ge-screncedness, for-screncend.
screón (?); p. scráh To cry out, proclaim; dicare:--Forscráh abdicavit (in Lye). [O. H. Ger. scrían clamare.]
screpan; p. scræp, pl. scrǽpon; pp. screpen To scrape, scratch :-- Scriopu scalpio, Txts. 97, 1828. Scripið, scripith, scribid scarpinat, 95, 1805. Screpes scratches (? the word glosses arescit. v. scrípan), Mk. Skt. Rush. 9, 18. Screp ðæt blód of, Lchdm. ii. 262, 6: 38, 20. [Þet he screpe zennes of al of oure herten, Ayenb. 98, 19. But generally later English forms seem to represent a verb scrapian. Cf. Icel. skrapa: O. Du. schrapen:--Heo schulden schreapien þe eorðe up of hore putte, A. R. 116, 15. Al þet scrift ne schreapeð nout of, 344, 13. Shame shrapeth his clothes, Piers P. 11, 423. Scrapyn̄ (shrapyn) awey abrado; scrapyn̄ (schrapyn) scalpo, scalpito, Prompt. Parv. 450.] v. á-, be-screpan.
scrépe, scroepe; adj. Suitable, adapted, convenient :-- Hit (Britain) is gescrǽpe (scroepe, MS. C.) on lǽswe sceápa and neáta alendis apta pecoribus ac jumentis, Bd. 1, l; S. 473, 13. v. ge-scrǽpe.
screpu (?), e; f. A curry-comb :-- Ǽren screop[u?] strigillus, Txts. 99, 1935. Screope strigillum, 99, 1906.
scríc, scréc a kind of thrush, screech, strike [v. E. D. S. Pub. Provincial names of birds, where screech, skrike are given as names of the misselthrush, p. 1, and screech bird, screech thrush as those of the fieldfare (turdus pilaris), p. 6]:--Scríc, scréc, scruc (scriic ?) turdus, Txts. 103, 2069. Scríc turdus, Wrt. Voc. i. 29, 30: 281, 20.
scrid, es; n. A carriage, chariot, litter :-- Scrid basterna, Wrt. Voc. ii. 101, 49: carracutium, vehiculum, 121, 81. Scrid (currus) Godes, Ps. Surt. 67, 18: ii. p. 187, 14. Scrides basterne, Wrt. Voc. ii. 11, 80. Scriðes, Hpt. Gl. 504, 15. On scride ɫ on cræte in carruca, Wrt. Voc. ii. 47, 42. Ðá héht se cásere gesponnan fiówer wildo hors tó scride and hine gebundenne in ðæt scrid ásetton . . . Hió gelǽddon ðæt scrid on heá dúne, Shrn. 71, 34. Heó wæs on gyldenum scryd, 156, 11. Screoda siex hun[dred]a six hundred chariots (cf. Exod. 14, 7), Exon. Th. 468, 9; Phar. 5. Lígbǽrum scridum vel crætum flammigeris quadrigis, Wrt. Voc. ii. 149, 14. v. scriða.
-scrid in ful-scrid. v. scrýdan, IV.
Scride-finnas; pl. m. A people who, according to Jornandes and Procopius, seem to have inhabited the present Russian Lapland and other tracts thereabouts, and even to have extended into the present Swedish Finnland. [Procopius, GREEK; Adam of Bremen, Scritefinni; Paulus Diaconus, Scritobini; Saxo Grammaticus, Scricfinni.]:--Scridefinnas, Ors. 1, l; Swt. 16, 36. Ic wæs mid Scridefinnum, Exon. Th. 323, 16; Víd. 79. The distinguishing prefix seems to refer to the use of snowshoes or skates, cf. Icel. skriðr a sliding motion, skríða to glide, slide in snow-shoes.
scrid-wægn, -wǽn, es; m. I. a chariot :-- Hú seó gesceádwísnes bæd ðæt mód ðæt hit sǽte on hire scridwǽne (cf. on hrædwǽne, 36, 1; Fox 174, 1), Bt. 36, tit.; Fox xviii, 4. II. sella curulis :-- Sittan on gerénedum scridwǽne in curuli sedere, 27, 1; Fox 96, 1: 27, tit.; Fox xiv, 22.
scrid-wísa, an; m. A charioteer :-- Scridwísa auriga, Wrt. Voc. i. 39, 38.
scrífan; p. scráf, pl. scrifon; pp. scrifen To decree, appoint (cf. ge-scrif):--Scribun promulgarunt, Wrt. Voc. ii. 117, 74. Scriben decerni, 106, 22. I. to decree to a person as his lot, to allot, assign :-- Swá missenlíce Dryhten eallum dǽleþ, scyreþ and scrífeþ, Exon. Th. 331, 10; Vy. 66. Him (God) þonc ǽghwá secge ðæs ðe hé for his miltsum monnum scrífeþ, 333, 7; Vy. 98. II. to fix as his lot for a person:--Ic sceal sécan ða hámas ðe ðú mé ǽr scrife I must visit the abodes that you (the body) have made my (the soul's) portion, 371, 4; Seel. 70. Brúcan swylcra yrmþa swá ðú unc ǽr scrife, 373, 2; Seel. 102. Ðæt wyt gesáwon heofona wuldor swylc swá ðú mé ǽr scrife, 375, 25; Seel. 143. III. to decree after judgment, to adjudge, doom, inflict, impose, pass as a sentence upon a person:--Folca gehwylcum Scyppend scrífeþ bí gewyrhtum eall æfter ryhte, 75, 12; Cri. 1220. Scrífeþ bí gewyrhtum meorde monna gehwam, 286, 8; Jul. 728. Gif hé bétan móte sylle wið his lífe swá hwæt swá man him scrífe si pretium ei fuerit impositum, dabit pro anima sua, quidquid fuerit postulatus, Ex. 21, 30. Þrowige hé (a pledgebreaker) swá biscep him scrífe, L. Alf. pol. l; Th. i. 60, 10. Þolige hé (a criminal priest) ǽgðres ge hádes ge eardes, and wræcnige swá wíde swá pápa him scrífe, L. Eth. ix. 26; Th. i. 346, 6. Ðǽr ábidan sceal maga máne fáh, hú him Metod scrífan wille, Bto. Th. 1963; B. 979. Heo woldan ðíne dómas gehýran, and hú ðú ðám forworhtum scrífan woldest, Wulfst. 254, 17. IV. as an ecclesiastical term, to shrive, to impose penance after confession, to hear confession and then impose penance :-- Ðonne sacerd mannum fæsten scrífeþ quum sacerdos jejunium hominibus injungit, L. Ecg. C. 1; Th. ii. 132, 25. Ðæt hé hit swá gebétt hæbbe, swá him his scrift scrífe, L. Ath. i. 25; Th. i. 212, 22. Wé lǽraþ ðæt ǽlc preósta scrífe and dǽdbóte tǽce ðam ðe him andette, L. Edg. C. 65; Th. ii. 258, 9. Ofer ealle ða scíre ðe hé (scrift) on scrífe, L. I. P. 7; Th. ii. 314, 5. Man sceal ðam unstrangan men líðelícor déman and scrífan ðonne ðam strangan . . . Man sceal on godcundan scriftan ge on woruldcundan dóman ðás þingc tósceádan, L. C. S. 69; Th. i. 412, 5. Hire nán preóst scrífan ne mót neque ulli presbytero confessionem ejus accipere licebit, L. Ecg. P. ii. 16; Th. ii. 188, 6. His scrift him sceal swá scrífan, swá hé on his dǽdum gehýreþ, ðiet him tó dónne biþ . . . Gyf hwá tó ðam (making peace) cyrran nylle, ðonne ne mæg hé ðam scrífan, L. E. I. 36; Th. ii. 432, 37-434, 4. V. to care for, regard [cf. O. Sax. bi-skríban (with gen. or prep.) to care about], (a) with gen.:--Deáþ ðæs ne scrífeþ (cf. se deáþ swelces ne récþ mors spernit altam gloriam, Bt. 19; Fox 68, 32), Met. 10, 29. Rihtes ne scrífeþ, 25, 53. Ne scrífe hé ðæs hlísan búton hú hé ryhtosð wyrce opus rectitudinis appetitio ignoret favoris, Past. 44, 3; Swt. 313, 16. (b) with dat.:--Se hláford ne scrífþ, se ðam here waldeþ, freónde ne feónde, feore ne ǽhtum (cf. se ðe hiora welt ne murnþ náuðer ne friénd ne fiénd, Bt. 37, 1; Fox 186, 7), Met. 25, 15. (c) with a clause:--Hí (the people of Sodom) forléton eallinga ðone brídele ðæs eges, ðá hí ne scrifon hwæðer hit wǽre ðe dæg ðe niht, ðonne ðonne hí syngodon, Past. 55, 1; Swt. 427, 31. [He (the pope) þe scal scriuen of þine weorldlifen, þat þine sunen alle scullen þe from falle, Laym. 32074. Þe preost shall shrifenn þe and huslenn, Orm. 6128. Him for to hoslon an for to shriue, Havel. 361. Schryvy&n-long; or here schryftys audire confessiones, Prompt. Parv. 449. Also schriven (reflex.) means to confess :-- lch chulle schriuen me confitebor, A. R. 344, 6. Mede shroue (shrof, shroof) hire of hire shrewednesse . . . Thanne he assoilled hir sone, Piers P. 3, 44. Schryvy&n-long; or ben aknowe synnys yn schryfte confiteor, Prompt. Parv. 449. O. Frs. scríva to impose a punishment.] v. for-, ge-scrífan; riht-scrífend; scrift.
scrifen painted (?):--Scrifen scrád glád, Exon. Th. 353, 15; Reim. 13. [Cf. (?) Icel. skrifa to paint; scrifan a picture.]
scrift, es; m. I. what is prescribed as a punishment, a penalty (cf. scrífan. III):--Ic (bishop Werferth) him (Eadnoth) sealde ðæt lond and ða béc . . . and úre ágen rǽdengewrit ðæt wǽre him tó ðam geráde ðæt land tólǽten ðe mon ǽlce gére gesylle fífténe scillingas clǽnes feós ðam bisceope and him eác ðone ne scrift (scrift ne?) healde our agreement that the land was resigned to him on the condition that fifteen shillings a year be paid to the bishop, and also that the penalty (the land had before been subject to the condition that if it were not held by a person in orders it must pass to the church at Worcester; this condition was now removed) be not maintained in respect to him (Eadnoth), Chart. Th. 168, 18. I a. as an ecclesiastical term, (l) penance imposed after confession:--Gif feorhlyre wurþe, tóeácan ðam rihtwere, twá pund tó bóte mid godcundan scrifte, L. E. B. 2; Th. ii. 240, 16; also in five following paragraphs. Ǽgðer man sceal ge on godcundan scriftan ge on woruldcundan dóman dás þingc tósceádan these things (the various circumstances of persons) are to be discriminated in the penances of the church and in the sentences of the law, L. C. S. 69; Th. i. 412, 11. (2) confession which is followed by penance, shrift :-- Ðæt he scriftes gyrnde and húsles quod confessionem et eucharistiam desideravisset, L. Ecg. P. i. 3; Th. ii. 172, 19: 9; Th. ii. 176, 7. Gif preóst fulluhtes oððe scriftes forwyrne, L. N. P. L. 8; Th. ii. 292, l. Ǽghwylc cristen man . . . gewunige gelómlíce tó scrifte; and unforwandodlíce his synna gecýþe, L Eth. v. 22; Th. i. 310, 5. Gá man tó scrifte (ad confessionem), Wulfst. 181, 3. [Scrift ihalden to carry out the penance imposed, O. E. Homl. i. 9, 31. Nimen scrift to accept penance, Laym. 18395. Takenn shriffte, Orm. 6613. Schrift (confession) and penitence, A. R. 8, 6. Þe holy ssrifte (confession, one of the seven sacraments), Ayenb. 14, 8. Schryfte confessio, Prompt. Parv. 449. Icel. skript, skrift, confession, penance.] II. one who passes sentence, inflicts punishment, a judge (v. scrífan, III):--Wá is worulde scriftum, bútan heó mid rihte dómas reccan, Wulfst. 263, 18. II a. as an ecclesiastical term, one who hears confession ond imposes penance, a confessor :-- Ða bóte áberan ðe his scrift (confessarius) him tǽcþ, L. Ecg. P. i. 4; Th. ii. 174, 24. Ðonne sceal se scrift hine áhsian be ðǽm ðe hé him andettaþ, hú ða þing gedón wǽron, L. E. I. 31; Th. ii. 428, 10. His scrift him sceal swá scrífan, swá hé ðonne on his dǽdum gehýreþ, ðæt him tó dónne biþ, 36; Th. ii. 432, 37: Homl. Th. ii. 94, 9. Libban ðam lífe, ðe scrift ús wísige, Wulfst. 112, 18. Ne mæg þurh ðæt flǽsc se scrift geseón on ðǽre sáwle, Exon. Th. 80, 13; Cri. 1307. Béte hé be his scriftes geþeahte, L. C. E. 23; Th. i. 374, 8 : L. P. M. 1; Th. ii. 286, 15. Hé ondette ǽlce costunge ðam móde his scriftes tentationes suas menti pastoris indicet, Past. 16, 5; Swt. 105, 16. Cweðe his andetnessa tó his scrifte, and ðus cweðe: Ic andette Ælmihtigum Gode and mínum scrifte ðam gástlícan lǽce ealle synna, L. de Cf. 6; Th. ii. 262, 18-21 : Blickl. Homl. 43, 20. Gif him þince ðæt hé wið his scrift sprece, ðæt tácnaþ his synna forgyfennysse, Lchdm. iii. 174, 14. Úre mísdǽde bétan, swá úre scriftas ús tǽcon, Wulfst. 142, 12. Andettan úre synna úrum scriftan, 115, 12 : Blickl. Homl. 193, 22. [Hit ibeten swa þin scrifte þe techet, O. E. Homl. i. 19, 3. Wiðuten schriftes leaue, A. R. 418, 24.]
scrift-bóc; f. I. a penitential, a book staling the penances to be enjoined after confession for various sins :-- i. scriftbóc on Englisc, Chart. Th. 430, 20; cf. L. Ælfc. P. 44; Th. ii. 384, 2. Swá hwylc swá ðás scriftbóc tilige tó ábrecanne quicunque Confessionale hoc violare conatus fuerit, L. Ecg. P. Addit.; Th. ii. 238, 8. Ða mæssepreóstas sceolan heora scriftbóc mid rihte tǽcan and lǽran, swá swá hié úre fæderas ǽr démdon, Blickl. Homl. 43, 8. II. a discourse referring to penance :-- Lárspel and scriftbóc (the title of the homily). Wulfst. 242, 22.
scrift-scír, e; f. The district in which a confessor exercises his functions :-- Gif préost on his scriftscíre ǽnigne man wite Gode oferhýre, L. Edg. C. 6; Th. ii. 244, 22 : 9; Th. ii. 246, 12 : 15; Th. ii. 246, 26. Sacerda gehwylc on his scriftscíre, Wulfst. 79, 17. Sacerdum gebyreþ on heora scriftscírum, L. I. P. 7; Th. ii. 312, 38: 19; Th. ii. 326, 2. v. riht-scriftscír.
scrift-sprǽc, e; f. Confession :-- Gif deáþscyldig man scriftsprǽce gyrne, ne him man nǽfre ne wyrne, L. E. G. 5; Th. i. 168, 24 : L. C. S. 44; Th. i. 402, 4.
scrimman j p. scramm To shrink, draw up, contract :-- Gif monnes fót tó hommum scrimme and scrince (cf. monegum men gescrincaþ his fét tó his homme, 68, 3), Lchdm. ii. 6, 15. [Cf. scram distorted; benumbed with cold: scrambed deprived of the use of a limb by a nervous contraction of the muscles : scrimed shrivelled up: shrammed, shrimmid benumbed with cold : scrimp to spare, pinch : shrump-shouldered humpbacked, all from Halliwell's Dictionary: scrimp, scrimpit scanty, contracted, Jamieson's Dict. M. H. Ger. schrimpfen : Ger. schrumpfen to wrinkle: Dan. skrumpe to shrink, shrivel; skrumpen shrunk, shrivelled. See also Skeat's Dictionary s. v. shrimp.] v. scremman.
scrín, es; n. I. a chest, coffer, casket, box in which precious things are kept: -- Scrín arca vel scrinium, Wrt. Voc. i. 26, 49 : capsella, 33, 62: arca, 80, 79. Ðæt hálige scrín the ark of the covenant. Homl. Th. ii. 214, 35: Jos. 4, 7. Godes scrín, 7, 6: Num. 14, 10. Ðæt scrín, Jos. 3, 8, 13. Hé ( Judas) hæfde scrín (loculos) and baer ða þing ðe man sende, Jn. Skt. 12, 6: 13, 29. Hire scrín mid hiræ háligdómæ, Chart. Th. 553, 12. II. a receptacle for the relics of a saint, a shrine :-- Se earm wearð geléd on scrine of seolfre ásmiðod on Sancte Petres mynstre, Swt. A. S. Rdr. 99, 143. Ðá þwóh man ða hálgan bán, and bær intó ðære cyrcan on scríne, 100, 158. Ic genam ða reliquias ðære hálgan fǽmnan and hí gesætte on scrín ðæt ic sylf ǽr of stáne geworhte ego tuli reliquias beatae Margaretae et reposui in scrinio, quod feci de lapide, Nar. 49, 7. Ðá gebrohte se bisceop ealle ða hálgan bán on gelimplícum scrýnum, and gelógodon hí up on cyrcan, Homl. Skt. i. 11, 275. Ðá wolde se cásere wyrcan him eallum (the seven sleepers) gyldene scrýn, Homl. Th. ii. 426, 22. [Hí námen ðære (in the minster) twá gildene scrínes and .lx. seolferne, Chr. 1070; Erl. 209, 11.] III. a cage in which a criminal is confined :-- Hig Pilatum on ánum ýsenum scrýne gebrohton on ðære byrig Damascum, and hyne myd scrýne myd eallum on feastum cwearterne beclýsdon, St. And. 38, 8: 44, 19. [O. H. Ger. scríni scrinium, loculus: Icel. skrín a shrine. From Latin.] . scrincan; p. scranc, pl. scruncon; pp. scruncen. I. of a plant, to wither away, dry up, shrivel :-- Mid ðam mǽstan bleó hy (the male and female pennyroyal) blówaþ ðonne neálíce óðre wyrta scrincaþ and weorniaþ, Lchdm. i. 204, 13. Scrincan marcescere, Hpt. Gl. 419, 74. II. of a living being, to pine away, become weak :-- Hé scrinceþ arescit; he pineth away (A. V. ), Mk. Skt. Lind. 9, 18. Ðá wearð se cyning (Belshazzar) tó ðan swíðe áfyrht, ðæt hé eal scranc (cf. Then the king's countenance was changed, and his thoughts troubled him, so that the joints of his loins were loosed, and his knees smote one against another, Dan. 5, 6), Homl. Th. ii. 436, 2. [Þu scalt scrinchin (deʒe, 2nd MS. ), Laym. 2278. Heo scrynketh for shome, P. S. 158, 7.] III. to contract, shrink :-- Ðá tán scrincaþ (-eð, MS. ) up. Lchdm. iii. 48, 28. Gif sino scrince . . . oððe gif monnes fót tó hommum scrimme and scrince, ii. 6, 13-15. v. á-, for-, ge-scrincan.
scrind swiftness (?) :-- Ofer ðæne (sǽ) mægene oft scipu scríþende.
scrinde fleótaþ over the sea oft sail the ships strongly and swiftly, Ps. Th. 103, 24. [Grein compares Lith. skrindus flying, running swiftly. ]
scrípan (?); p. te To waste away, wither :-- Scrépes arescit, Mk. Skt. Rush. 9, 18. [Cf. Jcel. skrjupr frail : Norweg. skrypa to waste: Swed. dial, skryyp to shorten; skryp weak.]
scripen, scripende gloss austerus. Lk. Skt. Lind. Rush. 19, 21.
scripp, es; n. (?) A scrip, bag :-- Petrus forlét lytle þing, scripp and net, ac hé forlét ealle þing, ðá ðá hé for Godes lufon nán þing habban nolde, Homl. Th. i 394, 7. [Horn tok burdon and scrippe, Horn. 1061. Palmere with pike ne with scrippe, Piers P. 5, 542. Scrippe pera, Prompt. Parv. 450. Icel. skreppa.]
scrippa, an; m. ? :-- Of dære díc on ðone midmestan scrippan, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. v. 78, 27.
scriptor occurs in the compound tíd-scriptor chronographus. Wrt. Voc. ii. 131, 8. [Cf. O. H. Ger. scriptora; n. pl. scripiores. ]
scriða or scriðu, an; m. or f. A chariot :-- Scriðena ɫ cræta bigarum, curruum, Hpt. Gl. 457, 77. v. scrid.
scríðan; p. scráð, pl. scridon; pp. scriden, scriðen. I. to go, take one's way to a place :-- Drihten gecwyð : 'Ástígaþ nú áwyrgde in ðæt wítehús. ' Sóna æfter ðǽm wordum werige gástas hwyrftum scríðaþ in ðæt sceaðena scræf, Cd. Th. 304, 17; Sat. 631. Men ne cunnon hwyder helrúnan hwyrftum scríðaþ. Beo. Th. 329; B. 163. Com on wanre niht scrídan sceadugenga, 1410; B. 703. II. to go hither and thither, go about, wander: -- Líg scríðeþ geond woruld wide fire shall spread itself far and wide through the world, Exon. Th. 51, 3; Cri. 810. Fífte cyn is wídscriþelra hleápera, ðe under muneces gegyrlan ǽghwider scríaþ, R. Ben. 135, 21. Bana wíde scráð (of the destroying angel that smote the firstborn of Egypt), Cd. Th. 180, 3; Exod. 39. Ðæt hine ne worian ne scríðan (uagari) ne lyste, R. Ben. 126, 18. Swá scríðende hweorfaþ gleómen, Exon. Th. 326, 27; Víd. 135. III. of the gliding motion of a ship, cloud, etc., or of the motion of a heavenly body in its orbit:---Ne æt mé hrisil scríðeþ, Exon. Th. 417, 20; Rä. 36, 7. Sió scíre scell scríðeþ ymbútan dógora gehwylce the heavens make one revolution each day, Met. 20, 174: 28, 16. Suine tungl scríðaþ leng útan ymb eall ðis, 28, 8. Wolcnu scríðaþ clouds sail along, Menol. Fox 486; Gn. C. 13. Leax sceal on wǽle mid sceote scríðan, 539; Gn. C. 40. Sægl (the sun) gewát under scríðan, Andr. Kmbl. 2913; An. 1459. Léton scríðan bronte brimþisan, Elen. Kmbl. 474; El. 237. Scríðende (revolving) færþ hweóle gelícost, Met. 20, 216. Scríðende scín (the storm-clouds). Exon. Th. 385, 29; Rä. 4, 52. Ofer ðæne (sǽ) oft scipu scríðende fleótaþ. Ps. Th. 103, 24. IV. of the increase or decrease of light :-- Heó ðæt leóht geseah ellor scríðan. Cd. Th. 48, 9; Gen. 773. Niht ofer ealle scríðan cwóme. Beo. Th. 1305; B. 650. V. of the coming of times or seasons, of the passage of time :-- Ðæs scríð ymb seofon niht Weódmónaþ on tun, Menol, Fox 270; Men. 136. Dagas forþ scridun, Exon. Th. 160, 12; Gú. 942. Ofer niðða beam nihtrim scridon, 167, 35; Gú. 1070. Cymeþ wlitig scríðan on tun Maius, Menol. Fox 152; Men. 77. Ðenden him ðeós woruld scríðende scínan móte, Exon. Th. 97, 3; Cri. 1585. Mín feorh ende geséceþ dæg scríðende, ðonne dógor beóþ mín forþ scriðen, 164, 10 -16; Gú. 1011. [Ða com Scottene king scriðen to hirede, Laym. 10799. He scrað (com, 2nd MS. ) to þisse londe, 4109. Tweien scalkes scriðen under bordes & skirmden, 8405. None of þe Normandes fro þam might skrith, Min. v. 68. To scrythe labi, Cath. Angl. 326. O. Sax. scríðan, scrídan to go, pass (of time, light) : O. H. Ger. scrítan gradi: Icel. skríða to creep, crawl; to glide, slide. ] v. geond-, tó-, þurh -, ymb-scrídan.
scriðe, es; m. A course :-- Ða habbaþ scyrtran scriðe and færeld, ymbhwerft læssan ðonne óðru tungl, Met. 28, 11. [O. H. Ger. scrit gradus, passus : Icel. skriðr a creeping or sliding motion. ]
scriðol, scritta. v. wíd-scriðol, scrætte.
Scrobbes-burh; f. Shrewsbury :-- Ðá férdon hí intó Stæffordscíre and intó Scrobbesbyrig, Chr. 1016; Erl. 154, 4. Cf. Civitas Scrobbensis, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. ii. 137, 24.
Scrobbesbyrig-scír, and later Scrob-scír; f. Shropshire :-- Ðá wæs se cyng gewend ofer Temese intó Scrobbesbyrigsctre, Chr. 1006; Erl. 140, 29. Hugo eorl of Scrobscíre, 1094; Erl. 230, 37.
Scrob-sǽte, -sǽtan; pl. The men of Shropshire; also used where now the name of their district would be used, Shropshire :-- Dá fyrdedon hí intó Stæffordscíre and meó Scrobsǽton, Chr. 1016; Erl. 154, 22.
scrofell, es; n. (?) Scrofula :-- Cyrneles and scrofelles and ǽghwylces yfles, Lchdm. iii. 62, 22.
scrúd, es; n. I. dress, clothing, attire :-- Hræglung vestitus, scruud habitus, Wrt. Voc. i. 39, 69. Hwæt begytst ðú of ðínum cræfte ? Bigleofan and scrúd (vestitum) and feoh, Coll. Monast. Th. 23, 5. Hé sylþ him andlyfene and scrúd dat ei victum et vestitum, Deut. 10, 18 : L. Pen. 15; Th. ii. 282, 26. II. an article of dress, a garment :-- Scrúd vestis, clamis. Wrt. Voc. i. 25, 50. Cildes scrúd praetexta, 25, 56. Sléfleás scrúd colobium, sléfleás ancra scrúd levitonarium, 40, 20, 21. Scrúde melote, veste, Hpt. Gl. 492, 52. Hé sealde hira ǽlcum twá scrúd (stolas), and hé sealde Beniamine fíf scrúd, Gen 45, 22. [Laym. scrud : Orm. shrud: A. R. schrud : Ayenb. ssroud : Piers P. shroud dress, garment : Icel. skrúð shrouds of a ship, tackle.] v. beadu-, byrdu-, gúþ-, munuc-, nun-, ofer-, wíf-scrúd.
scrúd-fultum, es; m. Assistance in providing clothing; the word occurs in grants made to religious houses of funds for the provision of clothing :-- Ealle ða sócna ofer ðæt fennland him (the monks of Ely) tó scrúdfultume (cf. stent causas seculares emendandae fratrum loco manentium victui vel vestitui necessaria ministrantes, p. 238), Chart. Th. 242, 18. Twelf hída to scrúdfultume ðam híréde (Winchester), 499, 13. Ic habbe gifen ðæt land intó Sanctes Petres mynstre intó Baðan ðam munecan tó scrúdfultume. Cod. Dip. Kmbl. iv. 171, 15. v. next word.
scrúd-land, es; n. Land given to provide means for buying clothing, land given as scrúdfultum, q. v. :-- Hé geunn(-ann?) ðæs landes æt Orpedingtúne for his sáwle intó Cristes cyrican ðám Godes þeówum tó scrúdland. Chart. Th. 329, 19.
scrudnian, scrutnian; p. ode To examine carefully, consider, investigate :-- Ic scrudnige ɫ ic smeáge bebodu Godes mínes scrutabor mandata Dei mei, Ps. Lamb. 118, 115. And Drihten on micelre folces menige smeáþ and scrutnoþ (scrudnaþ, MS. T. ) hwæt ða feáwa syndan ðe his willan wyrcean willen et querens Dominus in multitudine populi, R. Ben. 2, 16. Míne gebroðra, scrutniaþ mid hú wáclícum wurðe Godes ríce biþ geboht, Homl. Th. i. 582, 25. Twá þing sind ðe wé sceolon carfullíce scrutnian, ii. 82, 25. Scrutniende scrutando, investigando. Hpt. Gl. 410, 12. Tó ásmeásgánne mid scrutniendre scrutnunge, Anglia viii. 302, 36. Scrudinend (scrudniend ?) scrutantes, Ps. Spl. 63, 6. [Cf. O. H. Ger. scródon, scrutón scrutari.] v. a-scrudnian.
scrudnung, scrutnung, e; f. Examination, investigation, enquiry :-- Hé began mid geornfulre scrudnunge smeágan and áhsian be ðám gebodum ðæs hálgan regules, Lchdm. iii. 440, 20. Tó ásmeáganne mid scrutniendre scrutnunge. Anglia viii. 302, 36.
scrúd-waru, e; f Habit, dress :-- Ðæt hé (a monk) healdan wille his clǽunisse and munuclíce scrúdware, L. Eth. v. 6; Th. i. 306, 9: vi. 3; Th. i. 314, 27.
scruf, scrutnian, scrutnung. v. scorf, scrudnian, scrudnung.
scrybb, e; f. Scrub, underwood, shrubbery :-- Of ðare stánstrǽte andlang scrybbe. Chart. Th. 525, 21.
scrýdan; p. de. I. to put clothes on a person, to clothe a person with (mid) a garment, to dress :-- Ic mé scrýde induo, Ælfc. Gr. 28, 2; Zup. 167, 2. Ic [mé] scrýdde mid hǽran induebar cilicio. Ps. Spl. 34, 15. Heó scrýdde Iacob mid ðam deórwurðustan reáfe vestibus valde bonis induit eum, Gen. 27, 15. Hine man efosode and scrýdde hine and brohte hine tó ðam cynge Joseph totonderunt, ac veste mutata ob'ulerunt et, 41, 14. Hé scrídde (vestivit) ðone bisceop mid línenum reáfe, Lev. 8, 7. Ic wæs nacud and gé mé scrýddon (operuistis). Mt. Kmbl. 25, 36, 38. Módor, scrýd (vesti) ðínne sunu, Æltc. Gr. 18; Zup. 111, 3. Ne scríde nán wíf hig mid wǽpmannes reáfe, Deut. 22, 5. II. to clothe, to furnish with clothes, provide with clothes :-- Hé scrýt mé wel and félt, Coll. Monast. Th. 22, 33. Gif æcyres weód God scrýt, Mt. Kmbl. 6, 30. Scrýtt, Lk. Skt. 12, 28. Hé ní fédan scolde and scrýdan, Chr. 1012; Erl. 147, 11. Hingrigendumger. dum mele syllan and nacode scrýdan, Blickl. Homl. 213, 18. III. to put on a garment :-- Wlite ðú scrýddest decorem induisti, Ps. Spl. 103, 2. Linen reáf scrédan sume seócnysse ge' ácnaþ (in a dream) to put on a linen garment betokens some sickness, Lchdm. iii. 206. 30. IV. to rig a ship (? cf. shrouds of a ship : Icel. skrúð the shrouds of a ship, standing rigging; tackle, gear) :-- Is ðeós bát fulscríd, Ardr. Kmbl. 992; An. 496. [He hine lette ueden, he hine lette scruden, Laym. 8945. Nolde þe neodfule ueden ne schruden, A. R. 214, 17. He wollde shridenn uss wiþþ heofennlike wæde, Orm. 3676. He ne hauede nouth to shride but a kowel, Havel. 963. Ssrede þe poure, Ayenb. 90, 25. Icel. skrýða to clothe, dress.] v. ge-, mis-, un-, ymb-scrýdan; wan-scrýd.
scrynce; adj. Withered :-- Menigo ðara unbálra blindena haltra scryngcara (giscrungeura, Rush.: forscruncenra, W. S. ) multitudo languenlium, caecorum, claudorum, aridorum, Jn. Skt. Lind. 5, 3. Cf. scrence, and for the inflexion tuoegara, 8, 17.
scucca, sceucca, sceocca, scocca, an; m. A devil, demon; in sing generally the devil, Satan, Beelzebub :-- Wæs se scucca (Satan) him betwux. Tó ðæm cwæð Drihten: 'Hwanon cóme ðú?' Se sceocca andwyrde: 'Ic férde geond ðás eorþan,' Homl. Th. ii. 446, 25-27. Se scucca, 452, 13, 17. Se sceocca, 448, 4. Gang ðú sceocca (sceucca, MS. A. ) on bæc vade Satanas, Mt. Kmbl. 4, 10. Æfter ðæs sceoccan (scoccan. Thw. ) éhtnysse, Homl. Th. ii. 450, 3. Sceoccan Belzebulis, Germ. 399, 267. Sceoccan betǽht tó flǽsces forwyrde, R. Ben. 50, 1. Deóful ɫ scuccan Zabulun, Hymn. Surt. 115, 15. Ða áwyrigedan sceoccan (scuccan), Homl. Th. i. 68, 1 : Wulfst. 249, 1. Þurh ðara scuccena lotwrencas, Bt. 39, 6; Fox 220, 14. Scucna englas, Blickl. Homl. 189, 7. Ðæt hié leóda landgeweorc láþum beweredon scuccum and scinnum, Beo. Th. 1882; B. 939. Ongunnan heora bearn blótan feóndum, sceuccum onsæcgean immolaverunt filios suos et filias suas daemoniis, Ps. Th. 105, 27. The word is found in the name of a place, Scuccanhláu, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. i. 196, 1. [Þu scheomelese schucke (the reeve that condemned St. Margaret), Marh. 7, 26. Þe laðe unwiht, þe hellene schucke, H. M. 41, 35. Schenden þene sckucke (schucke), A. R. 316, 11.] Þe scucke wes bitweonen, Laym. 276. Þu (the reeve before whom Juliana was brought) þat schucke art schucken (shuken, Bod. MS. ) herien, Jul. 56, 2.]
scucc-gild, es; n. An idol :-- Hí sceuccgyldum guldan servierunt sculptilibus eorum, Ps. Th. 105, 26.
scúdan to shake, tremble, shiver, shudder :-- Hý (Adam and Eve) on uncýððu scomum scúdende scofene wurdon on gewinworuld they shivering with shame into a strange land were thrust, into a world of struggle, Exon. Th. 153, 19; Gú. 828. [Cf. O. Sax. skuddian: O. Frs. skedda: O. H. Ger. scuten, scutten to shake (trans. ): O. L. Ger. scuddinga exclussus.]
scúfan, scéufan, sceófan; p. sceáf, pl. scufon, sceufon, sceofon; pp. scofen, sceofen To shove, push, thrust; trudere, praecipitare :-- Ic sceúfe (sceófe, scúfe) praecipito, Ælfc. Gr. 24; Zup. 137, 11 : trudo, 28, 4; Zup. 171, 1. Scífþ trudit, Hpt. Gl. 406, 71. Scúfaþ praecipitate, Wrt. Voc. ii. 68, 78. I. to shove, push, try to move something :-- Hé sceáf mid ðam scylde. ðæt se sceaft tóbærst, Byrht. Th. 135, 50; By. 136. Sume sceufon, sume tugon, and seó Godes fǽmne hwæðre stód. Shrn. 154, 26. II. to shove, thrust, cause to move with violence. (1) literal :-- Ðá ne gelífde Apollonius ðæt heó his gemæcca wǽre ac sceáf hí fram him, Ap. Th. 25, 6. Hé sceáf reáf of líce. Cd. Th. 94, 20; Gen. 1564. Hí dracan scufon, wyrm ofer weallclif, Beo. Th. 6254; B 3131. 'Uton hine underbæc sceófan' . . . Hí ðá hine underbæc scufon . . . ac hé næs ácweald þurh ðam heálícan fylle, Homl. Th. ii. 300, 14-20. Hét his scealcas scúfan ða hyssas in bǽlblýse, Cd. Th. 230, 11; Dan. 231 : Exon. Th. 142, 21; Gú. 647. Leahtra lease in ðæs leádes wylm scúfan, 277, 21; Jul. 584. Scúfan scyldigne in seáþ. Elen. Kmbl. 1380; El. 692. Ús ys miht geseald ðe tó sceófanne on ðás wítu ðisse deópnysse, Guthl. 5; Gdwin. 38, 17. (2) of proceedings which imply violence, to thrust into prison, out of a place, etc. :-- Drihten heó (the fallen angels) furðor sceáf in ðæt neowle genip, Cd. Th. 292, 24; Sat. 445. Hig scufon (ejecerunt) hine of ðære ceastre. Lk. Skt. 4, 29. Sume scufon heora mágas forþ tó heofenan ríce, and férdon him sylfe tó helle wíte, Homl. Th. ii. 542, 22. Búton man ágeáfe Eustatsius and his men heom tó hand sceofe unless Eustace were given up and his men were handed over to them, Chr. 1052; Erl. 179, 22. Se cyning wæs yrre wið mé and hét sceófan mé on cweartern me retrudi jussit in carcerem, Gen. 41, 10. Gé (devils) scofene wurdon fore oferhygdum in éce fýr. Exon. Th. 140, 5; Gu. 605. Hý (Adam and Eve) scofene wurdon on gewinworuld, 153, 20; Gú. 828. III. to shove, push, cause to move (without notion of violence) :-- Hí scufon út heora scipu and gewendon heom begeondan sǽ, Chr. 1048; Erl. 180, 15 : Beo. Th. 436; B. 215. IV. of the production of natural phenomena :-- Metod æfter sceáf ǽfen, Cd. Th. 9, 4; Gen. 136. Ðá wæs morgenleóht scofen and scynded, Beo Th. 1840; B. 918. [Cf. Grmm. D. M. 706.] V. to push a person's cause. advance, forward, cf. scyfe, II :-- Scúfeþ Freá forþwegas folmum sínum, willan ðínne, Cd. Th. 170, 13; Gen. 2812. VI. to urge, prompt a thought or action, cf. scyfe, III :-- Mid ðý se weriga gást ða synne scýfþ on móde cum malignus spiritus peccatum suggerit in mente. Bd. I. 27; S. 497, 19 note. VII. to push on or forward, to move (intrans.) :-- Merecondel (the sun) scýft on ofdæle, Met. 13, 58. Werige gástas scúfaþ tó grunde in ðæt nearwe níþ, Cd. Th. 304, 21; Sat. 633. [Goth. skiuban : O. Frs. skúva : O. H. Ger. sciuban : Icel. skýfa (wk.) to shove, drive, push.] v. á-, æt-, be-, for-, óþ-, tó-, wið-scúfan.
[sculan, sceolan]; ic, hé sceal, scal, ðú scéalt, pl. wé sculon, sceolon; p. sceolde, scolde, scealde, scalde; subj. prs, scyle, scile, sciele, scule. I. to owe; debere :-- Án him sceolde (scalde, Rush. : áhte tó geldanne, Lind. ) týn þúsend punda. Se hláford forgeaf him ðone gylt. Se þeówa gemétte hys efcnþfówan, se him sceolde (sculde, Rush.) án hund penega, and hé cwæð; 'Ágyf ðæt ðú mé scealt,' Mt. Kmbl. 18, 24. 28. Hú mycel scealt ðú (áht ðú tó geldanne. Lind. ) mínum hláforde? Lk. Skt. 16, 5, 7. Gif hwá óðrum scyle (scule) borh oððon bóte, gelǽste hit georne, L. Eth. v. 20; Th. i. 308, 31. [Cf. Uoryef me þet ich þe ssel, Ayenb. 115, 29. By the feith I shal Priam, Tr. and Cr. iii. 472.] II. denoting obligation or constraint of various kinds, shall, must, ought, (I) have or am (with infin. ), am bound, with an infinitive expressed or that may be inferred from a preceding clause. (1) denoting a duty, moral obligation :-- Ðú scealt on ǽghwylce tíd Godes willan wercan, Blickl. Homl. 67, 33. Nǽnig mon ne sceal lufian ne ne géman his gesibbes, gif. . . (it is a man's duty not to love), 23, 16. Swá sceal oretta á in his móde Gode compian, Exon. Th. 122, 33; Gú. 315. God sceal mon ǽrest hergan, 333, 15; Gn. Ex. 4. Swá hire eaforan sculon æfter lybban, ðonne hié lád gedðþ, hié sculon lufe wyrcean, Cd. Th. 39, 12; Gen. 624. Næs fela manna, ðe hogade ymbe ða bóte swá georne, swá man scolde (sceolde, MS. B. ), Wulfst. 156, 12. Hé (the bishop) ne cúðe dón his gerihte swá wel swá hé sceolde. Chr. 1047; Erl. 177, 9. Ðá andswarede se cyning ðæt hé ǽgðer ge wolde ge scolde ðam geleáfán onfón rex suscipere se fidem et velle et debere respondebat, Bd. 2, 13; S. 515, 35. Hwider hyra gehwylc faran scolde, Blickl. Homl. 229, 5. Seó lufu ðe wé tó úrum Hǽlende habban sceoldan, 109, 4. Forðæm ne scyle nán wís man nǽnne mannan hatian, Bt. 38, 7; Fox 210, 15. (2) shall, ought as being fit, right, proper, in accordance with reason:--Ic mid grápe sceal fón wið feónde, Beo. Th. 881; B. 438. Hwý sceal ic æfter his hyldo þeówian . . . ic mæg wesan god swá hé, Cd. Th. 18, 33; Gen. 282. Se ðe tó reccenddóme cuman sceal qui ad regimen venire debeat, Past. 11; Swt. 61, 5. Forðan sceal gehycgan hæleða ǽghwylc, ðæt hé ne ábælige bearn Waldendes, Cd. Th. 276, 25; Sat. 194. Ðonne gé geseóþ ðære tóworpednysse ásceonunge standan ðǽr heó ne sceal (ríseþ, Rush.), Mk. Skt. 13, 14. Be úre ǽhé sceal (gedaefnaþ, Lind.) sweltan debet mori, Jn. Skt. 19, 7. Seó cyrice sceal fédan ða ðe æt hire eardiaþ, Blickl. Homl. 41, 27: 47, 21. Hwæt sculon wé nú dón tó ðam dæt wé mǽgon cumon tó ðám sóþum gesǽlþum quid nunc faciendum, ut illius summi boni sedem reperire mereamur? Bt. 33, 3; Fox 126, 32. Démaþ ús hwylcum deáðe wé sweltan sceulon, for ðam ðe wé ðone Hǽlend tó deáðe gesealden, St. And. 36, 16. Oncnáwan hwǽr wé sǽlan sceolon sundhengestas, Exon. Th. 54, 3; Cri. 863. Ne sceole gé swá sófte sine gegangan, Byrht. Th. 133, 32; By. 59. Ne sceolon unc betweónan teónan weaxan, Cd. Th. 114, 10; Gen. 1902. His weorc sceolon beón ðæs weorðe, ðæt him óðre menn onhyrien, Past. ll, 1; Swt. 61, 17. Ic worda gespræc má ðonne ic sceolde, Andr. Kmbl. 1848; An. 926: Hy. 3, 43. Ðone máððum ðe ðú mid rihte rǽdan sceoldest, Beo. Th. 4119; B. 2056. Swylc sceolde secg wesan æt þearfe, 5410; B. 2708. Gúþbill geswác, swá hit nó sceolde, 5164; B. 2585. Oft mon forlǽt ðone ege ðe hé mid ryhte on him innan habban scolde, Past. 4, 1; Swt. 37, 18. Hé ús lǽrde, hú wé ús gebiddan sceoldan, Blickl. Homl. 19, 36. Hí cuǽdon, ðæt hié ðæt tó his honda healdan sceoldon, forðæm hira nán næs on fædrenhealfe tó geboren, Chr. 887; Erl. 86, 4. Hú hié libban sceoldon, Cd. Th. 52, 30; Gen. 851. Hié níþ áhófon, swá hié nó sceoldon, Elen. Kmbl. 1673; El. 838. Gif ic scile etsi oportuerit me, Mk. Skt. Lind. 14, 31. Hú hé scyle (scile, Cott. MSS.) eall earfoðu forsión quod adversa quaeque despicienda sunt, Past. 3; Swt. 33, 4. Ne scyle nán mon blǽcern ǽlan under mittan, 5, l; Swt. 43, 2. Hú gehiérsum ðǽm ðe hé mid ryhte hiéran sciele, 9; Swt. 56, 14: 10; Swt. 60, 6. (3) denoting obligation to perform an engagement, to do appointed work, to carry out the terms of an agreement:--Wísdómes beþearf se ðære æðelan sceal andwyrde ágifan he will need wisdom to whom the task of giving an answer is assigned, Elen. Kmbl. 1085; El. 545. Sume sceolon (it will be the task of some) hweorfan geond hæleþa land, Cd. Th. 281, ll; Sat. 270. Næs ðæt forma síð ðæt hit (the sword) ellenweorc æfnan scolde, Beo. Th. 2933; B. 1464. Ðonne scyldfreca ongeán gramum gangan scolde, 2073; B. 1034. Ðone ende ðe Æðeréd healdan sceolde, Chr. 894; Erl. 92, 2. Hí woldon ðisne eard healdan, and hé hí fédan scolde and scrýdan, 1012; Erl. 147, 10. Bútan ðǽm monnum ðe ða burga healdan scolden, Erl. 90, 19. Sceótend swǽfon, ða ðæt hornreced healdan scoldon, Beo. Th. 1413; B. 704. His scipu sceoldan cumon ongeán, ac hí ne mihton, Chr. 1000; Erl. 137, 3. Gnornian hú oft hé feohtan scule (scyle, Cott. MS.), Bt. 40, 3; Fox 238, 10. (4) denoting bidding, commanding:--'Hwæt sceal ic singan ?' Cwæð hé: 'Sing mé frumsceaft,' Bd. 4, 24; S. 597, 16. Hǽlend him cwæð: 'Ðú scealt fylgean mé,' Blickl. Homl. 23, 14: Cd. Th. 139, 15; Gen. 2310: 172, 29; Gen. 2851. Scealtú mid ǽrdæge ceól gestígan, Andr. Kmbl. 439; An. 220. Ic secge ðæt hé sceal wesan Ismahel háten, Cd. Th. 138, 2; Gen. 2285. Ne sceolon gé míne ða hálgan hrínan, Ps. Th. 104, 13. Ne scule gé hit þurhteón, 4, 5. Sægþ on ðissum bócum, ðæt Drihten cwǽde, ðæt ðis mennisce cyn ne sceolde ágímeleásian, ðæt hié sealdon heora wæstma fruman for Gode, Blickl. Homl. 41, 4: Exon. Th. 15, 9; Cri. 233. Se (God) ús ðás láde sceóp, ðæt wé on Egiptum sceolde ús fremu sécan, Cd. Th. 110, 23; Gen. 1842. Hé ús gesette ðæt wé hine biddan sceoldan he made this ordinance for us, that we should pray to him, Blickl. Homl. 21, 3. Ða þing ðe ic eów foresægde, ðæt gé dón sceoldon, 131, 34. Landfranc bebéad ðan munecan, ðæt hí scoldan hí unscrýdan, Chr. 1070; Erl. 208, 8. Hé oncwæð, ðæt hié gyldan sceolde, Cd. Th. 229, 5; Dan. 212. 'On ðæt fýr gé (the wicked at the day of judgment) hreósan sceolan.' Ne mágon hí gehýnan heofoncyninges bibod, Exon. Th. 93, 11; Cri. 1524. (5) where the obligation results from a law, statute, regulation:--Se byrdesta sceall gyldan fíftýne mearðes fell, Ors. l, l; Swt. 18, 19. Nú sceal beón ǽfre on Ii abbod, and ná biscop, and ðan sculon beón underþeódde ealle Scotta biscopas, Chr. 565; Erl. 18, 6. Sceolde sweordes ecg feorh ácsigan, Andr. Kmbl. 2266; An. 1134. Se ðe scyle (since the regulations of the Penitential require it) áne wucan dǽdbóte dón, L. Ecg. C. 2; Th. ii. 134, 13. (6) denoting the necessity of fate, of the order of providence, shall, must as being decreed by fate or providence:--Ðú scealt greót etan ðíne lífdagas, Cd. Th. 56, 9; Gen. 909. Ðú eart eorþe, and þú scealt eft tó eorþan weorðan, Blickl. Homl. 123, 9. Gyt scyl (sceal, MS. A.) beón gefylled ðæt be mé áwriten is, Lk. 22, 37. Sceal hine wulf etan his fate will be to be eaten by a wolf (cf. swá missenlíce Dryhten eallum dǽleþ, 331, 6; Vy. 64), Exon. Th. 328, 5; Vy. 12 (and often). Mon sceal on eorþan geong ealdian, 333, 21; Gn. Ex. 7. Gǽþ á wyrd swá hió scel, Beo. Th. 915; B. 455. Hié (the Jews) God sylfne áhéngon; ðæs hié sculon wergðu dreógan, Elen. Kmbl. 420; El. 210: Exon. Th. 455, 28; Hy. 4, 56. Hí ðǽr geférdon máran hearm ðonne hí ǽfre wéndon ðæt him ǽnig burhwaru gedón sceolde more than they ever expected it would be the fate of any citizens to do them, Chr. 994; Erl. 132. 22. Ðá hé from sceolde niþþum hweorfan, Cd. Th. 74, 15; Gen. 1222. Nǽnig heora þohte ðæt hé ðanon scolde eft gesécean folc every one of them thought himself fated not to visit his people again, Beo. Th. 1387; B. 691. Ðonne ðú forþ scyle metodsceaft seón, 2363; B. 1179: Cd. Th. 63, 27; Gen. 1038. Se dæg ðe hé sceole wið ðæm líchomon hine gedǽlon, Blickl. Homl. 97, 20. Hwæðer ðis þúsend sceole beón scyrtre þe lengre, 119, 6. Scile, Beo. Th. 6335; B. 3177. Ðeáh gé wénen ðæt gé lange libban scylan, Bt. 19; Fox 70, 15. Nele se Waldend ðæt forweorðan scylen sáula ússe it is not God's will, that our souls be destined to destruction (but cf. hé nyle ðæt ða sáula forweorðan, Bt. 34, 8; Fox 144, 37), Met. 21, 34. (7) to be forced, must because there is no possible alternative, because one cannot help one's self:--Nú sceal ic (Hagar) on wéstenne witodes bídan, Cd. Th. 137, 16; Gen. 2274. Ic (Satan) sceal bídan in bendum, 268, 1; Sat. 48. Ic teáras sceal geótan, Exon. Th. 11, 18; Cri. 172. Ne sceal ic míne onsýn fore eówere mengu míþan, 144, 16; Gú. 679. Ðú scealt furþor síþfæt secgan, 261, 18; Jul. 317. Blind sceal his eágna þolian, 335, 27; Gn. Ex. 39. On ðǽm gesuincum hé sceal hine selfne geþencean ðeáh hé nylle in adversis ad sui memoriam nolens etiam coactusque revocatur, Past. 3, 1; Swt. 35, 7. Sculon hié ðás helle sécan, Cd. Th. 26, 14; Gen. 406. Ðú neorxna wonges wlite nýde sceoldes ágiefan, Exon. Th. 86, 11; Cri. 1406. Ordfruma earmre láfe ðære ðé ðǽm hǽðenan hýran sceolde, Cd. Th. 225, 13; Dan. 153. Scolde, Beo. Th. 20; B. 10: 1935; B. 965. Hyne Hetware gehnǽgdon mid ofermægene, ðæt se byrnwíga búgan sceolde, 5829; B. 2918. Sceoldon wræcmæcgas ofgiefan gréne beorgas, Exon. Th. 116, 5; Gú. 202. Ðonne hí siófian scioldon when they could not help sighing, Met. 26, 82. Ðý læs ic scyle leng þrowian, Andr. Kmbl. 154; An. 77. Hé tó foo gif hé niéde sciele coactus ad regimen veniat, Past. 9; Swt. 59, 9. (8) to be obliged, must, shall because from the conditions or nature of a case no alternative is admissible, because a conclusion is inevitable:--Gif ðæt wíf nele hider tó lande mid mé, sceal ic lǽdan ðínne sunu eft tó ðam lande ðe ðú of férdest? Gen. 24, 5. Nú ic eówer sceal frumcyn witan, ǽr gé furþur féran, Beo. Th. 508; B. 251. Ic forworht hæbbe hyldo ðíne, forðon ic lástas sceal weán on wénum wíde lecgan, Cd. Th. 63, 3; Gen. 1026. Ðú meaht be sumum tácnum ongietan, hwæs ðú wénan scealt what with certainty you may expect, Past. 21, 3; Swt. 157, 20. Se ðe wille Drihtne bringan gecwéme lácfæsten, ðonne sceal hé ðæt mid ælmessan fullian, Blickl. Homl. 37, 18. Nú sceal hé sylf faran, ne mæg his ǽrende his boda beódan, Cd. Th. 35, 18; Gen. 556. Ðonne hé æt hilde sceall lífes tiligan, Salm. Kmbl. 320; Sal. 159. Eart ðú ðe tó cumenne eart, hwæðer ðe wé óðres scylon (sceolon, MS. A.: sculon, MSS. B. C.) onbýdan (expectamus), Lk. Skt. 7, 19, 20. Sceolon, Mt. Kmbl. 11, 3. Forðon wit sculon unc staðolwangas rúmor sécan, Cd. Th. 114, 29; Gen. 1911. Ðǽr hig ǽnne sculan eard weardian, Ps. Th. 132, l. Sculun, Runic pm. Kmbl. 343, 21; Rún. 21. Ðý sceolon gelýfan eorlas, hwset mín æðelo sién, Andr. Kmbl. 1466; An. 734. Ne sceolon mé þegenas ætwítan men shall not reproach me (because there will not be the slightest grounds for reproach), Byrht. Th. 138, 14; By. 220. Wénde ic ðæt ðú ðý wærra weorðan sceolde I expected that you must have got more cautious, Exon. Th. 268, 1; Jul. 425. Ðá sceolde hé ðǽr bídan ryhtnorþanwindes, Ors. 1. 1; Swt. 17, 17. Scolde herebyrne sund cunnian, Beo. Th. 2890; B. 1443. Hit ofetes noman ágan sceolde, Cd. Th. 44, 35; Gen. 719. Ne meahton leng somed heora begra ð;ǽr ǽhte habban, ac sceoldon ða rincas ðý sécan ellor éðelseld, 113, 29; Gen. 1894. Mé þincþ wundor tó hwon ðú sceole for ówiht ðysne man habban ungelǽredne fiscere what reason obliges you to hold this man, an ignorant fisherman, as of any account? Blickl. Homl. 179, 13. Gif hine mon tó genédan scyle, and hé elles nylle if there is no other course open but to compel him, L. Alf. pol. l; Th. i. 60, 13. Seó orsorge wyrd simle líhþ, ðæt mon scyle wénan, ðæt heó seó sió sóþe gesǽlþ, Bt. 20; Fox 70, 30. (9) denoting need, shall, must, where an end is to be attained or a task to be completed or a purpose to be served:--Hwæt sceal ic má secgean fram Sancte Iohanne what more need I say of St. John? Blickl. Homl. 169. 24. Ðæt scell ǽgleáwra mann ðonne ic mé tælige findan on ferðe a more learned man than I reckon myself is necessary to perform the task, Andr. Kmbl. 2965; An. 1485. Sculan wé gyt martira gemynd má áreccan, Menol. Fox 136; Men. 68. 'Satan ic ðǽr (in hell) sécan wille.' . . . Sceolde hé ða brádan lígas sécan, Cd. Th. 47, 20; 763. Nihtweard (the fiery pillar) sceolde wícian ofer weredum, 185, 2; Exod. 116. Tó hwon sceolde ðeós smyrenes ðus beón tó lore gedón what end was to be served by thus wasting this ointment? Blickl. Homl. 69, 6. Hwý gé ǽfre scylen unrihtfióungum eówer mód dréfan quid tantos juvat excitare motus? Met. 27, l. (10) denoting the certainty of a future event, that results from a settled purpose or decision :-- lc gefremman sceal eorlíc ellen oððe endedæg mínne gebídan I am determined to do or die. Beo. Th. 1277; B. 636. Mid earum ne sceal ic (it is settled that I shall not) gehéran ðære béman stefne, Cd. Th. 275, 13; Sat. 171. Ðú scealt deáðe sweltan thou shalt surely die, Gen. 2, 17: Ps. Th. 118, 39. Ðæt ðú sunu Dryhtnes cennan sceolde, Exon. Th. 19, 10; Cri. 298. Hé (Christ) wiste, ðæt seó burh (Jerusalem) sceolde ábrocen weorþan. Blickl. Homl. 77, 29. On ðære nihte ðe hý on ðone dæig tógædere fón sceoldan. Chr. 992; Erl. 130, 32. Hæfdon hié on rúne áwriten wera endestæf, hwænne hié tó móse weorðan sceoldon, Andr. Kmbl. 274; An. 137. (10 a) denoting the certainty of a result under proper conditions :-- Ðú him fæste hel sóðan sprǽce, swá ðú mínum scealt feore gebeorgan you are then certain to save my life, Cd. Th. 110, 113; Gen. 1837. Forðan ðe (on account of his previous conduct) hé sceal éce wíte þrowian, Homl. Th. i. 66, 14: Blickl. Homl. 41, 32. Hú sceal min cuman gǽst tó geóce? Exon. Th. 124, 10; Gú. 337. Se hlǽw sceal tó gemyndum mínum leódum heáh hlifian on Hronesnæsse, Beo. Th. 5600; B. 2804. Wé cwǽdon ǽr, ðæt se sceolde lytel sáwan, se ðe him ðone wind ondréde, Past. 39; Swt. 285, 23. Wéndun gé ðæt gé Scyppende sceoldan gelíce wesan, Exon. Th. 141, 33; Gú. 636. Ðá héht se cásere gesponnan fiówer wildo hors . . . ðæt ða wildan hors scealden iornan on hearde wegas and him ða limo all tóbrecan. Shrn. 72, 1. Hé fægenaþ ðæs, hú hiene mon sciele (scyle, Hatt. MS.) herigean, Past. 8; Swt. 54, 7. Scile (sciele, Hatt. MS.), 9; Swt. 54, 19. Hé wéneþ ðæt hé sceole tó heofenum áhafen weorþan, Blickl. Homl. 185, 5. Gif wé ǽnige bóte gebídan sculan (scylen, MS. B. ) if improvement in our condition is certainly to take place. Wulfst. 157, 2. (11) denoting probability :-- Neron cwæð to Paule : 'Forhwon ne sprecst ðu, Paulus ?' Dá andswarede him Sanctus Paulus: ' Wénstú ðæt ic sceole sprecan to ðissum treówleásan men' do you think it likely that I shall speak to this false man ? Blickl. Homl. 183, 32. (12) as an auxiliary :-- Ic sceal rǽdan tó merigen lecturus sum cras, ðú scealt rǽdan lecturus es, hí sceolon (sceolan, sculon) rǽdan lecturi sunt, Ælfc. Gr. 24; Zup. 136, 10-12. Óðer participium is tówerdre tíde se ðe rǽdan sceal lecturus . . . ðæt ðe sceal beón gerǽd legendus, 41; Zup. 246, 10-15. Se ðe wyle oððe sceal sprecan loquuturus, Zup. 247, 15, 11: 248, 6. Se ðe sceal beón gecyssed osculandus, 248, 7. Sceal habba ɫ hæfis habebit, Mt. Kmbl. Lind. 1, 23. Hæfeþ ɫ hé scile habba, 6, 24. Wé stíges ɫ wé scilon stíge ascendimus, 20, 18. Gé sciolon geseá ɫ gé geseás videbitis, 13, 14. Ne héras hiá ɫ ne sciolon gehéra non audiunt, 13, 13. Ðonne ðú ǽfre on moldan man gewurde oððe ǽfre fulwihte onfón sceolde, Soul Kmbl. 172; Seel. 86. On ðæs engles wordum wæs gehýred, ðæt þurh hire beorþor sceolde beón gehǽled eall wífa cynn and wera, Blickl. Homl. 5, 23. Ðá bæd Swegen hine ðet hé sceolde faran mid him, Chr. 1046; Erl. 174, 12. Wéndon ðæt hig sceoldon máre onfón plus essent accepturi, Mt. Kmbl. 20, 10. Ða ðonne ðe sió godcundde stefn þreáde and cuæð ðæt hié scolden leásunga wítgian. quos divinus sermo falsa videre redarguit, Past. 15, 2; Swt. 91, 8. Hyra þeáw wæs ðæt hí ða untruman in lǽdan sceoldan, Bd. 4, 24; S. 598, 28. Ðeáh hé micel áge, and him mon erigan scyle ǽghwelce dæg æcera þúsend, Met. 14, 4. (13) denoting an assertion not made by the speaker, when a statement is matter of report [cf. Ger. sollen, and the use of should in the following passage :-- There was something said about ane Campbell, that suld hae been concerned in the robbery, and that he suld hae had a warrant frae the Duke of Argyle, Rob Roy 1, 219] :-- Be ðære frécnan coþe; ðe se mon his útgang þurh ðone múþ sceal (is said) áspíwan. Hé sceal oft bealcettan, Lchdm. ii. 236, 13. Ys sǽd, ðæt Diana ðás wyrta findan scolde, i. 106, 5, 23. 120, 4. Ðú gehérdest reccan on ealdum leásum spellum, ðætte iob sceolde beón se héhsta god, Bt. 35, 4; Fox 162, 6. Ðá sǽdon hí, ðæt ðæs hearperes wíf sceoide ácwelan, and hire sáwle mon sceolde lǽdon tó helle. Ðá sceolde se hearpere weorðan swá sárig. . . Ðá hé ðider com, ða sceolde cuman ðære helle hund ongeán hine . . . se sceolde habban þrió heáfdu, 35, 6; Fox 168, 3-17: 38, 1, Fox 194, 30-34. Ðeáh hé Cristen beón sceolde though he was said to be a Christian, Bd. 2, 20; S. 521, 29. Fundon ðá leáse gewitan ðe forlugon Naboð ðæt hé sceolde wyrigan God (they brought reports of his blasphemy). Homl. Skt. i. 18, 197. Ulf biscop com and forneáh man sceolde tóbrecan his stef the report was that they were very near breaking his staff, Chr. 1047; Erl. 177, 7. Swá swá manige men sǽdon þe hit geseón sceoldan who were said to have seen it, 1098; Erl. 235, 5 : 1100; Erl. 235, 33. III. without an infinite (1) denoting constraint, necessity, need, fixed purpose :-- Ealle wyrd forsweóp míne mágas, ic him æfter sceal I must after them, Beo. Th. 5625; B. 2816. Hé sceal néde tó ðara hláforda dðme ðe hé hine ǽr underþeódde non facit, quod optat, ipse dominis pressus iniquis, Bt. 37, 1; Fox 186, 28. Sió manbðt ðe ðam hláforde sceal the fine that must go to the lord, L. In. 76; Th. i. 150, 16. Tó myclan bryce sceal micel bót nýde, and tó miclum bryne wæter unlytel, Wulfst. 157, 8. Earc sceal ðý máre the ark must be the bigger, Cd. Th. 79, 19; Gen. 1313. Hié tó helle sculon, Cd. Th. 45, 26; Gen. 732. Xersis áscade hwæt sceolde æt swá lytlum weorode mára fultum búton ða áne ðe him ǽr ábolgen wæs Xerxes demanded what a greater force was needed for in dealing with so small a band, than those only with whom he had before been angry, Ors. 2, 5; Swt. 80, 16. Eall swá hí sceoldon tó Sandwíc as if they had or purposed to go to Sandwich, Chr. 1049; Erl. 174, 26. Ðæt hé of ðisse worlde sceolde, Blickl. Homl. 225, 5. Ðonne seó eorþe him on ufan scealde when the earth came to be put upon them, Shrn. 81, 2, Ǽr hé onweg scyle before he die, Exon. Th. 310, 14; Scef. 74. (2) denoting obligation, fitness, propriety, use (cf. Ger. wozu soll dies ?) :-- Ðys sceal on twelftan dæg this is the proper gospel for twelfth-day (cf. ðys godspel gebyraþ, Rubc. 1. 18), Mt. Kmbl. Rubc. 2, 1 (and often). Hwæt scal déswá, láðlíc stríð what good will the strife do you ? Cd. Th. 41, 28; Gen. 663. Rǽd sceal mid snyttro . . . til sceal mid tilum. Exon. Th. 334, 26; Gn. Ex. 22. Wita sceal geþyldig, ne sceal nó tó hátheort, 290, 15; Wand. 65. Hige sceal þe heardra, mód sceal ðe máre, ðe úre mægen lytlaþ, Byrht. Th. 140, 62; By. 312. Hí gecnáwan ne cunnan ne ða medtrymnesse ne eác ða wyrta ðe ðǽrwið sculon, the herbs that are proper for the disease, Past. 1. 1; Swt. 25, 22. Óðre wyrtdrencas sculon (are proper), Lchdm. ii. 208, 3. Ðás wyrte sculon tó lungensealfe, iii. 16, 6. Hwæt sceolon (sculon, MS. H.) hí gesǽde nú wé swerian ne móton what good would they (adverbia jurativa) do stated, now we may not swear ? Ælfc. Gr. 38; Zup. 227, 10. Hé Sáxode ðone cásere hú hé embe hí sceolde how he was to deal with them, Homl. Skt. i. 5, 370. Ne meahte geþencan hú ymb ðæt sceolde what ought to be done about it, how the matter ought to be dealt with, Exon. Th. 378, 7; Deor. 12. Hwæt sceoldon (deberent) hig mé búton ic cúþe temian hig what good would they (hawks) be to me unless I knew how to tame them ? Coll. Monast. Th. 25, 23. Hié be ðæm wiston hwider hié sceoldon they knew by that in which direction they had to go, Ors. 3, 5; Swt. 106, 15. Hié wiston hú hié tó dǽm elpendon sceoldon they knew the proper way of attacking the elephants, 4, 1; Swt. 156, 17. Warnige man ðone stíwerd tó hwylcere stówe ðæt líc sceole, Chart. Th. 607, 15. Hwæt sceoldon ðé úre ælmessan? Wulfst. 240, 15. [Goth. [skulan]; prs. skal, pl. skulum; p. skulda: O. Sax. [skulan]; prs. skal, pl. skulun; p. skolda: O. Frs. skila; prs. skal, skel, skil, pl. skilun; p. skolde: O. H. Ger. scolan; prs. scal, pl. sculumes; p. scolta: Icel. skulu; prs. skal, pl. skulum; p. skyldi.]
sculdor; pl. (dual ?) sculdru (-o), sculdra; m. A shoulder :-- Sculdur scalpula, Wrt. Voc. ii. 120, 18: scapulus, i. 64, 68. Sculdor, 283, 6. Sculder scapula, 44, 27. His sculdor and his hleór wurdon ontende mid ðam fýre, Homl. Th. ii. 344, 16. Wæs ðæt bærnet on his sculdre æfre gesewen, 346, 26. On his sculdre in humero, Bd. 3, 19; S. 549, 15. Oþ ðone swíðran sculdor, Lchdm. ii. 198, 19. Duru ðæt mannes heáfod ge ða sculdro mágan in, Blickl. Homl. 127, 9. Sculdra scapula (-ae?), Wrt. Voc. i. 71, 19. On bǽm sculdrum in utroque humero, Past. 14, 3; Swt. 83, 9, 21. Hé onfeóld hys hrægl æt hys sceoldrum, Shrn. 98, 17. In scyldrum ɫ bæccum in humeros. Mt. Kmbl. Lind. 23, 4: Lk. Skt. Lind. Rush. 15, 5. Hí dydon ánne hwítel on hira sculdra pallium imposuerunt humeris suis, Gen. 9, 23: Bd. 3, 19; S. 549, 1. Sculdru (sculdra, MS. X. ), L. Ecg. C. 9; Th. ii. 140, 10. Gif mon óðrum ða sculdru forsleá, L. Alf. pol. 73; Th. i. 98, 21. Se sacerd smyreþ breóst and sculdru (sculdran, MS. E. ), Wulfst. 35, 16: Lchdm. ii. 260, 17. [Schuldren; pl. Jul. 49, 18. He let smyte of ys hede by þe ssoldren, R. Glouc. 313, 7. O. Frs. sculder: O. H. Ger. scultarra humerus, scapula, spadula.]
sculdor-hrægel, es; u. A garment to cover the shoulders :-- Sculdor-hrægl superhumerale, Wrt. Voc. i. 81, 44.
sculdor-wærc, re, es; m. Pain in the shoulders :-- Wið sculdorwærce and earma, Lchdm. ii. 340, 12 : 6, 2.
scunian, sceonian; p. ode. I. to shun, fear, avoid a thing from fear :-- Hé his hatunge fleáh and scunode. Guthl. 19; Gdwin. 76, 16. II. to be afraid :-- Scunian revereantur, Ps. Spl. T. 69, 2. III. to detest, abhor :-- Mid áne móde wurð hé gescunned uni animo detestetur, Chart. Th. 318, 37. [Mi uader scunede (sonede, 2nd MS.) þene cristindom & þa hæðene la&yogh;en luuede to swiðe, þa we sculleð sceonien (hatie, 2nd MS.), Laym. 14868. Birrþ þe shunenn (avoid from fear) to foll&yogh;henn ohht tærinne, Orm. 4502. Ancren owen to hatien ham, and schunien, þ heo ham ne iheren, A. R. 82, 23. Þu ahtest þis werc ouer alle þing to schunien (avoid with abhorrence, abhor), H. M. 35, 11. Al hit him uleh and scunede, þet him er luuede, O. E. Homl. i. 79, 29. &yogh;if him wrattheth, be ywar and his weye shonye (avoid from fear). Piers P. prol. 174.] v. á-, on-scunian.
scunung, e; f. An abomination :-- On scunungum in abominationibus, Cant. M. ad fil. 16. v. a-, on-scunung.
scúr, sceór, scyur, es; m. : e; f. (?) I a shower, storm of rain, snow, hail, etc. :-- Scúr nimbus, Wrt. Voc. i. 52, 60 : 76, 42. Scyúr (scúr, Rush.), Lk. Skt. Lind. 12, 54. Ðes scúr hic imber, Ælfc. Gr. 9, 18; Zup. 43, 7. Swylce scúr ofer gærs quasi imber super herbam, Cant. M. ad fil. 2. Rénes scúr, Exon. Th. 215, 1; Ph. 246. Regna scúr, Cd. Th. 252, 10; Dan. 576. Hægles scúr, 50, 13; Gen. 808. Syððan (after the overflow of the Nile) tó twelf mðndurn ne cymþ dǽr nán óðer scúr, óð ðæt seó eá eft up ábrece, Lchdm. iii. 254, 2. Ðonne sceór cymeþ, Andr. Kmbl. 1024; An. 512. Ðá wæs geblissod seó Godes burh for ðam cyme ðæs scúres ðe hý geclǽnsode fluminis impetus laetificat civitatem Dei, Ps. Th. 45, 4. Scúre nimbo, Wrt. Voc. ii. 61, 54: inserenae, Hpt. Gl. 514, 15. Scúras imbres, Ps. Lamb. 77, 44. Geþénsume scúras coloni nimbi, Wrt. Voc. ii. 134, 28. Wealcaþ hit (hail) windes scúras (? MS. scúra), Runic pm. Kmbl. 341, 6; Rún. 9. Scúra procellarum, Hpt. Gl. 509, 20 [H]reósendlícum scúrum ruituris imbribus, 499, 64: 501, 6: Wrt. Voc. ii. 47, 15. Seó lyft liccaþ ðone wǽtan of ealre eorþan and of ðære sǽ and gegaderaþ tó scúrum, Lchdm. iii. 276, 13. Weal sceal wiðstondan storma scúrum, Exon. Th. 281, 25; Jul. 651. I a. metaph. a shower of missiles:--Flána scúras, Judth. Thw. 24, 34; Jud. 221: Elen. Kmbl. 234; El. 117. Hygegár léteþ, scúrum sceóteþ, Exon. Th. 315, 22; Mód. 35. I b. a shower of blows of a hammer falling on a weapon (?):--Scearpne méce scúrum heardne, Judth. Thw. 22, 26; Jud. 79. Cf. scúr-heard. II. metaph. a storm, trouble, disquiet :-- Swá ðeós woruld fareþ scúrum (cf. scýr-mǽlum) scyndeþ hurries on stormily, Exon. Th. 469, 24; Hy. 11, 7. [Goth. skúra (windis) GREEK, procella: O. Sax. skúr a missile, weapon :-- That man ina wítnódi wápnes eggiun, skarpun skúrun, Hel. 5138. O. H. Ger. scúr tempestas, grando; also of weapons:--Dó léttun sé askim scrítan, scarpén scúrim, Hildebrandslied 66. Icel. skúr a shower; a shower of missiles; vápna, hjálma skúr id.] v. hægl-, hagal-, hilde-, regn-, winter-scúr; scýr-mǽlum, and next word.
scúra (-e; f. ?), an; m. A shower :-- Hé áríman mæg rægnas scúran dropena gehwelcne, Cd. Th. 265, 22; Sat. 11.
scúr-beorh, gen. -beorge; f. A shelter against storm :-- Hrófas sind gehrorene . . . scearde scúrbeorge, Exon. Th. 476, 9; Ruin. 5.
scúr-boga, an; m. A rain-bow :-- Ðonne ic scúrbogan mínne iéwe, Cd. Th. 93, 5; Gen 1541.
scurf, scurfed, scurfende. v. scorf, scorfed, scorfende.
scúr-heard; adj. Made hard by blows (v. scúr, I b; and cf. heoru hamere geþuren, Beo. Th. 2575; B. 1285):--Sweordes ecg, scerp and scúrheard, Andr. Kmbl. 2267; An. 1135. Ðæt him féla láf (the sword) ne meahte scúrheard sceþþan, Beo. Th. 2070; B. 1033.
scúr-sceadu (or -scead; n.); f. A protection against storms (cf. umbrella):--Nys unc wuht beforan tó scúrsceade, Cd. Th. 50, 23; Gen. 813.
-scuta in an-scuta falarica, Hpt. Gl. 425, 14. [Cf. (?) He þa fla lette gliden bi Corineus siden Corineus bleinte & þene scute biberh. Laym. 1461.]
scutel a dish :-- Scutel catinus, Wrt. Voc. i. 290, 21: ii. 17, 17. [Scotylle scutella, 257, 15. O. H. Ger. scuzzila scutula, scutella, discus, catinus, lanx: Icel. skutill a dish. From Latin (?) scutella.]
scutel and scytel, es; m. I. a dart, missile, arrow :-- Sciutil jaculum, sagitta, Txts. 110, 1177, 1179. Scytelum cilda sagittis parvulorum, Ps. Th. 63, 7. [Icel. skutill an instrument shot forth, a harpoon. Cf. scytyl a shuttle; schytle, chyldys game sagitella, Prompt. Parv. 447. Schetylle navecula, Wrt. Voc. i. 235, 3.] II. the tongue of a balance (?):--Scytel momentum, 76, 632. Scutil, Wrt. Voc. ii. 71, 20. Scutel, 56, 52. [M. Lot. momentum languette de bilance. Cf. schytylle, schityl, onstabyl preceps, Prompt. Parv. 447.
scúwa, scúa, an; m. I. the shadow thrown by an object:--Oferwráh muntas scúa his operuit montes umbra ejus, Ps. Surt. 79, 11. Dægas míne swé swé scúa (umbra) onhældun, 101, 12: 143, 4. Ic eom scúan gelíc swýþe áhylded sicut umbra cum declinat, Ps. Th. 108, 23. II. shade, darkness :-- Mid ðý wit forþgongende wǽron under ðam scúwan ðære þýstran nihte cum progrederemur sola sub nocte per umbras, Bd. 5, 12; S. 628, 14. II a. fig. shadow :-- Scúa deáþes umbra mortis, Ps. Surt. 43, 20. In midle scúan deáþes, 22, 4. Alǽd mé út of ðyses carcernes húse and of deáþes scúan, Blickl. Homl. 87, 35. Scúia (scúa, Rush.), Mt. Kmbl. Lind. 4, 16. In scýa, Rtl. 168, 9. Sealde him deorcne deáþes scúwan, Ch. Th. 293, 15; Sat. 455. III. shadow, protection :-- Ic on fægerum scúan fiðera ðínra gewície in umbra alarum tuarum spero, Ps. Th. 56, l. Under scúan fiðra ðínra gesild mé sub umbra alarum tuarum protege me, Ps. Surt. 16, 8. IV. shadow as opposed to substance:--Scúan ɫ leásunge fallacis, Hpt. Gl. 459, 14. [Screne or scu or spere scrinium, ventifuga, Prompt. Parv. 450. Spere or scuw (schuu), 468. Þe skuues of the scowtes, Gaw. 2167. Cf. Goth. thairh skuggwan GREEK GREEK, 1 Cor. 13, 12. O. H. Ger. scúwo umbra: Icel. skuggi a shadow; a spectre.] v. dǽd-, deáþ-, dim-, heolstor-, hlín-, niht-scúwa (-scúa)
scúwan, scúan (?) to shade. [O. H. Ger. scúit adumbrdt: Icel. skyggva to overshadow.] v. ofer-scúwan.
scýan (for scýhan), scýn (?); p. de To prompt, urge, persuade, suggest :-- Ða ǽrestan synne se weriga gást scýde . . . Forðon mid ðý se weriga gást ða synne scýfþ (scýþ, MS. C.: scýeþ, MS. T.) on móde primam culpam serpens suggessit . . . Cum enim malignus spiritus peccatum suggerit in mente, Bd. l, 27; S. 497, 14-20. Wé getǽceþ ɫ scýaþ him nos suadebimus ei, Mt. Kmbl. Rush. 28, 14. Cf. scýhend, scýend maulistis, Txts. 78, 654. Scýhend malistis, Wrt. Voc. ii. 55, 52. [Cf. O. H. Ger. scúhenti exhortans, Grff. vi. 417.] v. sceóness, scyhtan.
scydd, es; m. Alluvial ground (?):--Ðis synt ða denbæra . . . hudelinga scydd, Cod. Dip Kmbl. ii. 195, 19. On timberslǽd in stǽpa cnolles scydd on hanslǽdes heáfdan, iii. 380, 26. Haec sunt pascua porcorum . . . in communi silua pascuale quod dicitur Palinga Schittas (scyddas ?), ii. 303, 19. [Cf. M. H. Ger. schüt: Ger. schutt.]
scýde, Cd. Th. 232, 26; Dan. 266. v. sceón.
scýe-uange:--Scóe ɫ scýeuange (-þwange ?) calciamentum, Ps. Spl. T. 59. 9.
scyfe, es; m. I. of rapid motion caused by a push (metaph.), precipitation, v. scúfan:--Word scyfes verba praecipitationis, Ps. Lamb. 51, 6. Hié weorðaþ oft áscrencte on ðæm scyfe ðære styringe hira módes ðæt hí hira selfra ne ágon ðý máre geweald ðe óðerra monna motionis impulsu praecipites quaedam velut alienati peragunt, Past. 33, l; Swt. 215, 12, 17. I a. glossing preceps :-- Seó ús on scefe gedwelde teáh mid wegleásum quae nos in preceps errore traxit devio, Hymn. Surt. 24, 11. II. furtherance of a project, the pushing of a matter, prompting, instigation in a good sense, cf. scúfan, V:--Ǽlc burhgemet beó be his dihte ge scife swíðe rihte, L. I. P. 7; Th. ii. 312, 21. III. prompting, instigation in a bad sense, cf. scúfan, VI:--Se ðe þurh deófles scyfe on synna befealle, L. C. E. 23; Th. i. 374, 9. Befeallen þurh deófles scyfe on heálíce misdǽde, Wulfst. 103, 21. v. niðer-scyfe.
scyfel, e: scyfele, an; f. [Shovel in shovel-hat?] A covering for a woman's head; mafors (mafors operimentum capitis maxime feminarum, Ducange):--Hacele capsula, cóp ependiten, scyfele mafors, nunne sanctimonialis, Wrt. Voc. i. 284, 67. Scyfla, scybla maforte (-ae), Txts. 77, 1267: Wrt. Voc ii. 55, 38. Scyfelum mafortibus, 55, 39: 87, 63. [Cf. (?) scuffle, a linen garment worn by children to keep their clothes clean, a pinafore, an apron (Sussex). Icel. skupla; f.; skypill; m. a woman's hood hiding or shading her face.]
scyftan, -scýgean, scýhend. v. sciftan, -scígan, scýan.
scyhtan; p. te To instigate, prompt, urge :-- Mé nædre beswác and mé neódlíce tó forsceape scyhte and tó scyldfrece, Cd. Th. 55, 22; Gen. 808. Óðer him ðás eorþan ealle sægde lǽne . . . Óðer hine scyhte ðæt hé sceaðena gemót nihtes sóhte, Exon. Th. 109, 30; Gú. 98. [We schuchteð hine ueor awei hwon we doð deadliche sunne, A. R. 312, 10, MS. C.] v. scýan.
scyl, scylcen, scyld a shield. v. scill, scilcen, scild.
scyld, e: scyldu (o); indecl. f. I. guilt, sin, crime, fault :-- Hé sume mándǽde gefremede ðá seó scyld ðá tó his heortan hwearf ðá onscunode hé hí hefelíce sceleris aliquid commiserat, quod commissum, ubi ad cor suum rediit, gravissime exhorruit, Bd. 4, 25; S. 599, 34. Sitte sió scyld (the killing of a slave) on him, L. Alf. 17; Th. i. 48, 15. On eów scyld siteþ, Exon. Th. 131, 2; Gú. 449. Is Euan scyld eal forpyuded, 7, 6; Cri. 97. Hé his scylde forgyfenysse bæd veniam reatus postulans, Bd. 3, 22; S. 553, 33. Ða byrðenne suá micelre scylde tanti reatus pondera, Past. 2, 2; Swt. 31, 14. Bútan scylde sine culpa, 3, 1; Swt. 33, 16: L. H. E. 12; Th. i. 32, 9. Hí búton ǽlcere scylde (without being guilty of any crime) wurdon fordóne, Bt. 29, 2; Fox 104, 30. Æt openre scylde flagrante delicto, L. In. 37; Th. i. 124, 23. Hafaþ ðæt mód hwylcehugu scyldo habet animus aliquem reatum, Bd. l, 27; S. 496, 42. Synna, scylda piacula, Wrt. Voc. ii. 66, 78. Míne scylde delicta mea, Ps. Th. 68, 6: Ps. Surt. 58, 13. Scylða, Past. 32, 2; Swt. 211, 20. Scelda, Ps. C. 45. Bróðres schyldo fratris vitia, Mt. Kmbl. p. 15, 5. Áscyred scylda gehwylcre, deópra firena, Elen. Kmbl. 2624; El. 1313: 937; El. 470. Hwílum biþ gód wærlíce tó míðanne his hiéremonna scylda (vitia), Past. 21, 1; Swt. 151, 9. II. a debt, awe :-- Ryhtlícor cweðan ðæt wé him gielden scylde ðonne wé him mildheortnesse dón justitiae debitum potius solvimus, quam misericordiae opera implemus, 45, 1; Swt. 335, 19. Ágefnæ beón ða scylde reddi debitum, Mt. Kmbl. Rush. 28, 25. Hé ða scyld forlét wið hine debitum dimisit ei, 27: 30. [Sculd scelus, Wrt. Voc. i. 95, 74. O. Sax. skuld a crime; a due: O. L. Ger. sculd: O. Frs. skeide, schuld, schild: O. H. Ger. sculd, sculda causa, facinus, noxa, injuria, crimen, debitum, meritum: Icel. skuld, skyld a due, tax; sake.] v. deáþ-, frum-, ge-, god-, mán-, níd-scyld.
scyldan, scyldend. v. scildan, scildend.
scyldan, scyldian to charge, accuse :-- Hý gán xii. sume and gescyldigen (gescylden, other MS.) hine, L. Ath. i. 11; Th. i. 206, 3.
scyld-frecu, e; f Guilty greed :-- Mé (Eve) scyhte tó scyldfrece fáh wyrm þurh fægir word, Cd. Th. 55, 23; Gen. 898.
scyld-full; adj. Guilty, criminal, sinful, wicked :-- Ic (Adam) wreó mé scyldfull, Cd. Th. 53, 30; Gen. 869. Bearn Godes on wergum folce wíf curon, scyldfulra mægð, scýne and fægere, 76, 4; Gen. 1252. Ðonne sweart wæter swelgaþ sceaðum scyldfullum when the deluge swallows the wicked, 78, 32; Gen. 1302: Elen. Kmbl. 619; El. 310.
scyldgian, scyldgung. v. scyidigian, scyldigung.
scyld-hǽta, an; m. One who demands a due or debt, a bailiff :-- Sculthéta exactor, Wrt. Voc. ii. 107, 70. Scyldlǽta (-hǽta?) exactor, i. postulator, 144, 54. [O. Frs. skeltata, skelta (der stellvertreter des grafen, v. Richthofen, pp. 1023 sqq.); O. L. Ger. sculd-héto (quicunque villicus est abbatis quod nos vulgo dicimus sculthétho): O. H. Ger. scult-heizo vilicare, tribunus, procurator, exactor populi: Ger. schult-heisz. Cf. Goth. dulga-haitja a creditor.]
scyld-hata, an; m. One who hates wrongfully, an enemy :-- Scyldhatan, ealdgeníðlan, Andr. Kmbl. 2095; An. 1049. Scyldhatan, egle ondsacan, 2295; An. 1149. v. next word.
scyld-hete, es; m. An enemy, a foe :-- Mid scyldhetum, werigum wróhtsmiðum, Andr. Kmbl. 170; An. 85. v. preceding word.
scyldian to commit a fault :-- Gesette God ǽ scyldiendum legem statuit delinquentibus, Ps. Th. 24, 7. v. scyldigian, scyldan.
scyldig; adj. I. guilty, sinful, criminal :-- Scyldig reus, Wrt. Voc. i. 49, 1: 86, 61: sons, Ǽlfc. Gr. 9, 39; Zup. 63, 14. Gif man wát, ðæt óðer mán sweraþ, hé biþ scildig (portabit iniquitatem suam), gif hé hit forhilþ, Lev. 5, 1. Wæs gecueden tó ðæm scyldegan folce delinquenti populo dicitur, Past. 15, 1; Swt. 91, 2. Ðæt hé hine scyldigne ongete reum se cognoscat, Bd. 1, 27; S. 496, 33: Elen. Kmbl. 1380; El. 692. Hú hé ðæt scyldige werud forscrifen hefde, Cd. Th. 267, 4; Sat. 33. Scyldge men, Exon. Th. 71, 10; Cri. 1153. Scyldigra scolu, 98, 15; Cri. 1608: 132, 22; Gú. 476. Hendum scyldigra manibus nocentium, Rtl. 24, 11. Heó náuht ne þreáþ ðám scildigum, Bt. 4; Fox 8, 13. Earfeþu scyldgum tó sconde, Exon. Th. 78, 14; Cri. 1274. Hié ða scyldigan þearlwíslíce démaþ, Blickl. Homl. 63, 20. Stræc wið ða unryhtwísan and wið ða scyldgan, Past. 17, 5; Swt. 113, 23. I a. guilty of committing a crime, (1) with gen. of crime:--Se biþ éces gyltes scyldig reus erit aeterni delicti, Mk. Skt. 3, 29. Morðres scyldig, Beo. Th. 3370; B. 1683. Deáðes scyldig guilty of causing death, L. In. 5; Th. i. 104, 13. Mansleges scyldig, Blickl. Homl. 189, 34. Morðres scyldige . . . deáþes scyldige, 65, 10-11: H. R. 107, 1. (2) with inst. of crime:--Synnum scyldig, Beo. Th. 6135; B. 3071. Dǽdum scyldige, Cd. Th. 76, 35; Gen. 1267. Lehtrum scyldige, Andr. Kmbl. 2434; An. 1218. I b. guilty against (wið) a person:--Ǽlc man ðe yfel déþ mid yfelum willan is scyldig wið God, H. R. 105, 33: Cd. Th. 250, 20; Dan. 549. Menn wǽron deádlíce and wið heora Drihten scyldige, Hexam. 17; Norm. 24, 26: Blickl. Homl. 47, 21. II. responsible for, liable for, chargeable with an ill result, (1) with gen.:--Gif hwylc mæssepreóst untruman men sprǽce forwyrne, and hé on ðære tyddernesse swelte, sý hé on dómes dæg ðære sáwle scyldig (ejus animae reus), L. Ecg. P. i. 2; Th. ii. 172, 29. Hé sceal mid réðnesse him stiére ðýlæs hé sié scyldig ealra hira scylda ne culparum omnium reus ipse teneatur, Past. 21, 5; Swt. 161, 1. Gif hwelc gód lǽce gesihþ, ðæt his hwam þearf biþ, and ðonne for his slǽwþe ágiémeleásaþ ðæt hé his helpe, ðonne wille wé cweðan ðæt hé sié genóg ryhtlíce his bróðor deáþes scyldig, 49, 1; Swt. 377, 21. Swá feala earmra manna swá on ðæs rícan neáweste sweltaþ, and hé him nele syllan his teóþungsceatta dǽl, ðonne biþ hé ealra ðara manna deáþes sceldig, Blickl. Homl. 53, 7. (2) with inst.:--Gif God him ne áraþ, ðonne beóþ hié suá monegum scyldum scyldige suá hié manegra unþeáwa gestíran meahton mid hiora lárum, gif hí ongemong monnum beón wolden ex tantis rei sunt, quantis venientes ad publicum prodesse potuerunt, Past. 5, 3; Swt. 45, 22. III. liable for a debt, bound by an obligation:--Swá hwá swá swereþ on ðæs temples golde se ys scyldig qui juraverit in auro templi, debet, Mt. Kmbl. 23, 16. Suǽ uoe forgefon scyldgum úsum (debitoribus nostris), Mt. Kmbl. Lind. 6, 12. Syndrigum scyldgum singulis debitoribus, Lk. Skt. Lind. 16, 5. IV. liable to forfeiture, forfeiting (1) with gen. of forfeit:--Gif hwá ymb cyninges feorh sierwie, sié hé his feores scyldig and ealles ðæs ðe hé áge, L. Alf. pol. 4; Th. i. 64, 1: L. Ath. v. 1, 4; Th. i. 230, 6; 12. Hé æt wíge gecrang, ealdres scyldig, Beo. Th. 2680; B. 1338: 4128; B. 2061. Feores sceldig, Ps. C. 20. Sý hé scyldig his sylfes and ealles ðæs ðe hé áge, L. Ath. iv. prm.; Th. i. 220, 12. Beó hé. cxx. sciɫɫ. scildig wið ðone cing, L. Ath. v. 1, 5; Th. i. 230, 11: L. In. 4; Th. i. 104, 10. Beó hé wið ðone cyninge scyldig ealles ðæs ðe hé áge, Wulfst. 271, 26. Se ðe ðæt gecwéme ne déþ, beó hé his inganges scyldig, Ch. Th. 606, 21. Sý hé his tungan scyldig, L. Edg. ii. 4; Th. i. 266, 25. (2) with inst.:--Ðú, ealdre scyldig, deáþe sweltest, Exon. Th. 250, 9; Jul. 124. Gebeád ðæt se wǽre aldre scyldig, se ðæs onsóce, Cd. Th. 244, 19; Dan. 450. V. liable to punishment, deserving of punishment:--Scyldig obnoxius, Wrt. Voc. ii. 115, 31. (1) with gen. of punishment:--Hé is deáþes scyldig reus est mortis, Mt. Kmbl. 26, 66: Mk. Skt. 14, 64. Ðú eart wið mé deáþes scyldig dignus es morte, Bd. 4, 23; S. 591, 41. (2) with dat.(?):--Se ðe ofslihþ se byþ dóme (dómes, MS. A.) scyldig qui occiderit, reus erit judicio, Mt. Kmbl. 5, 21. Þe bið al swa sculdig þe þet uuel iþeuað swa þe þe hit deð, O. E. Homl. i. 113, 2. A. R. schuldi: O. Sax. skuldig guilty, liable to a payment or penalty: O. Frs. skeldech: O. H. Ger. sculdig reus, culpabilis, meritus, debitus, debitor, obnoxius.] v. feorh-, for-, god-, hand-, mán-, morþor-, þeóf-, þurh-, twí-, un-, wam-scyldig.
scyldigian, scyldgian; p. ode To sin :-- Wið ða scyldgiendan (scyldgigendan, Hatt. MSS.) contra peccantem, Past. 21, 1; Swt. 151, 23. v. for-, ge-scyldigian; scyldian.
scyldigness, e; f. Guiltiness :-- Synnignise ɫ scyldignise reatum, Rtl. 42, 33: 103, 17.
scyldigung, scyldgung, e; f. A criminal charge :-- Be ðon ðe scyldgunge bǽde æt ofslegenum. Wé cwǽdon, se ðe scyldunga (be ðon ðe scyldgunga, other MS.) bǽde æt ofslagenum þeófe ðæt hé eode þreora sum tó . . . and ðone áþ syllen ðæt hý on heora mǽge náne þýfþe nyston . . . and hý gán siþþan .xii. sume and gescyldigen hine of him who asks for the charge (in order to refute it) in the case of a slain thief. We ordained, he that should ask for the charge in the case of a slain thief, that he should go with two others . . . and they shall make oath that they knew of no theft on the part of their kinsman . . . and afterwards twelve on the other side shall go and bring the charge against him (the thief) (cf. Qui culpam exigit de fure occiso, L. H. i. 74, 2; Th. i. 578), L. Ath. i. 11; Th. i. 204, 26.
scyld-lǽta, scyldung. v. scyld-hǽta, scyldigung.
scyld-leás; adj. Guiltless :-- Scyldlǽs insons, Lchdm. i. lxiii, 2.
scyld-wreccende punishing guilt :-- Hell scyldwreccende, Exon. Th. 71, 25; Cri. 1161.
scyld-wyrcende committing sin or guilt :-- Ðú (the soul) ðone líchoman scyldwyrcende gewemdest, Exon. Th. 91, 4; Cri. 1487. Ðonne ðeós woruld scyldwyrcende byrneþ, 232, 5; Ph. 502: 269, 4; Jul. 445. Ðú womfulle, scyldwyrcende sceaþan áwurpe, Elen. Kmbl. 1520; El. 762.
scylf, scylp, es; m. I. a peak, crag, tor (in local names):--Ðonon ofer ealne ðone hǽþfeld tó Hnæfes scylfe, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. iii. 130, 37. Tó byrnan scylfe, 38, 36. Sticule scylpas scabri murices, Germ. 399, 446. Scylfa scopulorum, Hpt. Gl. 421, 43. II. a turret, tower, pinnacle :-- Se deófol gesette hine uppan ðam scylfe ðæs heágan temples, Homl. Th. i. 166, 17: 170, 1. Wé biddaþ ðæt ðú ástíge tó ðam sticelan scylfe . . . Hwæt ða bóceras hine gebrohton tó ðæs temples scylfe, ii. 300, 1-3. Hé hine ásette ofer ðæs temples scylf, Blickl Homl. 27, 11. Scylfas maciones, Wrt. Voc. ii. 59, 29: pinnas, Blickl. Gl. Ða torras and ða scylfas on him bǽron ða elpendas elephanti superpositas turres gestaverunt, Nar. 4, 16. [Cf.(?) O. H. Ger. sculpa gleba.] v. stán-scylf; scylfig.
scylfig, scylpig; [adj. Craggy, rocky :-- Scylpige scopulosas, Hpt. Gl. 529, 29. v. scylf.
Scylfingas, scylfor, scylfring, scylga, scylian, scylig, scyll, scylp, scylpig, scymrian. v. Skilfingas, scilfor, scilfrung, scealga, scilian, scilig, scill, scylf, scylfig, scimrian.
scyltumend (? fultumend), es; m. A helper :-- Drihten is mín scyltumend and mín gescyldend Dominus adjutor meus et protector meus, Ps. Th. 27, 8.
scyndan, scendan; p. de. I. intrans. To hurry, hasten :-- Swá ðeós woruld fareþ, scúrum scyndeþ, Exon. Th. 469, 24; Hy. 11, 7. Brimwudu scynde, 182, 5; Gú. 1305. Scynde Gregorius in Godes wære, Menol. Fox 77; Men. 38. Scynde beaduþreáta mǽst tó hilde, Elen. Kmbl. 60; El. 30. Fǽge scyndan (of death by violence), Exon. Th. 271, 29; Jul. 489. Hí ǽghwonon tó him éfston and scyndon, Guthl. 15; Gdwin. 66, 10: Bd. 4, 27; S. 604, 8. Ðá ongunnan monige éfstan and scyndan tó gehýranne Godes word coepere plures ad audiendum verbum confluere, 1, 26; S. 488, 11: Guthl. 2; Gdwin. 14, 25. Hé gewát scríðan, tó gesceape scyndan, Beo. Th. 5133; B. 2570. Manna freóndscipe biþ swíðe hwílwendlíc and swíðe scendende (cf. gnornscendende), Blickl. Homl. 195, 26. II. trans. (1) To cause to hasten, to hurry :-- Ðá wæs morgenleóht scofen and scynded, Beo. Th. 1840; B. 918. (2) to urge, incite, exhort :-- Se feónd his (Judas) heortan tó ðan lǽrde and scynde, ðæt hé Drihten tó deáðe belǽwde, Homl. As. 153, 55. Hú mon monige scyndan scyle (de exhortatione multis exhibenda) tó ðæm ðætte his gódan dǽda ne weorðen tó yflum dǽdum, Past. 60; Swt. 453, 6. [O. Sax. far-skundian to incite, egg on: O. H. Ger. scuntan sollicitare, suggerere, urgere: Icel. skynda to hasten: Dan. skynde.] v. á-, ge-scyndan.
scyndel ?:--Tíwesdæges nama wæs of Martie, Iovis sunu ðæs scyndles (cf. (?) scyndan, II. (1); scyndel one who causes swift movement, referring to the lightning(?). Or cf. (?) scendan, scendele; scyndel, scendel a shameful person (?)), Anglia viii. 321, 16.
scyndendlíce; adv. Hurriedly, hastily; consummatim, Wrt. Voc. ii. 18, 41: 83, 75.
scýne, scý-nes, scyp. v. scíne, sceó-ness, scip.
scypenn e; f. A shippen [in some northern dialects; also pronounced shup'm (Cumberland)], a cow-house, stall :-- Scypen bovile, Wrt. Voc. ii. 12, 72. Scipen, 126, 59: bostar vel boviale, i. 58, 25. Scepen, steal, vel fald bovile, stabulum, 15, 23. Ða þing tó begánne ðe tó scipene belimpaþ, Anglia ix. 260, 4. Út wæs gongende tó neáta scypene (ad stabula jumentorum), Bd. 4, 24; S. 597, 9. Nǽnig mann scypene his neátum ne timbreþ, l, l; S. 474, 32. Andlang díces on ðæs cinges scypena; of ðan scypenum on ðæt riscbed, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. vi. 62, 27. Scipena behweorfan, Anglia ix. 261, 18. [Schepyn boscar (-tar?), Wrt. Voc. i. 178, 10. Schyppune boster, 204. col. 2. The schepne brennyng with the blake smoke, Chauc. Kn. T. 1142.] Cf. scoppa.
scyppan, scyppend, scýr, scyran, scýran, scyrdan. v. scippan, scippend, scír, sceran, scíran, scirdan.
scyrfe-mús, e; f. A shrew-mouse :-- Scirfemús sorex, Wrt. Voc. ii. 71, 27. Cf. sceorfan.
scyrft a scraping (?); scansio, Wrt. Voc. ii. 119, 78. Cf. sceorfan.
scyrian, scyriendlíc. v. scirian, sciriendlíc.
scýr-mǽlum; adv. Stormily :-- Seó orsorhnes gǽþ scýrmǽlum swá ðæs windes þys prosperam fortunam videas ventosam, Bt. 20: Fox 72, 4. v. scúr.
scyrpan, scyr-seax. v. scirpan, scear-seax.
scyrtan; p. te To make short, to shorten :-- Gif God his hwíle ne scyrte (gescyrte, MSS. B. C.), Wulfst. 19, 9. v. ge-scyrtan; scortian.
scyrte (-a; m. ?), an; f. A short garment, skirt, kirtle :-- Scyrtan pretexta, tunecan togae, Germ. 393, 143. [He ches stiue here to shurte and gret sac to curtle, O. E. Homl. ii. 139, 16. Arður warp an his rugge a ræf swiðe deore, ænne cheisil scurte & ænne pallene curtel, Laym. 23761. He broucte bred in his shirte or in his couel, Havel. 768. He yaf ofte his kertel and his sserte to þe poure, Ayenb. 191, 9. M. H. Ger. schurz: Ger. schurz an apron: Icel. skyrta a kind of kirtle.]
scyrting, e; f. A shortening, an abridgement :-- Gif hwilc gelǽred man ðás race (the homily on Job) oferrǽde, ðonne bidde ic ðæt hé ðás scyrtinge ne tǽle, Homl. Th. ii. 460, 6.
scyrtra, scyrtest, scyru, scýtan. v. scort, scearu, scítan.
scyte, es; m. I. shooting :-- Hié fortendun ðæt swíðre breóst foran dæt hit weaxan ne sceolde ðæt hié hæfden ðý strengran scyte (ne sagittarum jactus inpedirentur), Ors. 1, 10; Swt. 46, 13. Dryhten dǽleþ sumum wyrp oððe scyte, Exon. Th. 331, 17; Vy. 69. II. a shot, blow :-- Scytum ictibus, Hpt. Gl. 478, 76. III. what is shot or thrown, a javelin, dart :-- Scytas iacula, Lchdm. i. lxix, 9. [He þene scute biberh, Laym. 1461. Mid scute of eien, A. R. 60, 16. Wið þe schute wite heo hire, 62, l. An carpenter that sset the ssute, R. Glouc. 537, 4. O. Frs. sket: O. H. Ger. scuz jactus.] v. on-, under-, út-, wæter-scyte.
scyte-finger, es; m. The forefinger; digitus secundus quo sagittatur:--Scytefinger index vel salutaris, Wrt. Voc. i. 44. 5. Bécnend, scytefinger index, ii. 46, 35. Gif se scytefinger biþ ofáslegen, sió bót biþ .xv. sciɫɫ., L. Alf. pol. 57; Th. i. 96, 1. In Ethelbert's Laws the fine is only eight shillings, L. Eth. 54; Th. i. 16, 10. Scytefingres, Anglia viii. 326, 28. Euenmicel swá ðú mǽge mid ðínan scitefingre tó ðínum þuman befón, Lchdm. iii. 6, 21. Mid scetefingre ðú gebécnest indice prodis, Hymn. Surt. 104, 5. [Cf. O. Frs. skot-finger.] v. scytel-finger.
scyte-heald, -healden; adj. I. bent so as to shoot downwards (cf. scyte-rǽs), sloping steeply :-- Scyteheald preceps, Wrt. Voc. ii. 68, 77. II. oblique, inclined :-- Scytehald obliquum, 115, 13. Sió scytehealde onbégnes obliqua curvatura, 64, 24. Sió scythealde obliqua, 79, 1. Scytehealden, 62, 61.
scytel a dart. v. scutel: a bolt, v. scyttel.
scytel-finger the arrow-finger, the forefinger :-- Scytelfinger (scyte- ? v. scyte-finger) index, Wrt. Voc. i. 71, 31.
scyte-rǽs, es; m. A headlong rush :-- On scyterǽs oððe on fǽrfyll, unforesceáwadlíc in preceps, Wrt. Voc. ii. 47, 43.
scytere, es; m. I. a shooter, an archer. v. scyteres (sciteres) clif, flóde, streám, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. vi. 330. [Icel. skytari a shooter.] II. one that moves swiftly (?):--Ad rivulum qui scitere dicitur, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. v. 102, 29. Cf. scytta.
scytta, an; m. A shooter, an archer:--Sagittarius ðæt is scytta, Lchdm. iii. 246, 2. Strǽlbora and scytta arcister, Wrt. Voc. ii. 7, 32. Ðá gebende án scytta his bogan, Homl. Skt. i. 18, 219. On scyttan fæn, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. iii. 132, 22. On scyttan mere; ðæt on scyttan dúne, 381, 11. Wulfsiges módor scyttan, vi. 212, 5. Ðá gegaderade Regulus ealle ða scyttan ðe on ðæm færelte wǽron, ðæt hié (the serpent) mon mid flánum ofercóme, Ors. 4, 6; Swt. 174, 5. Wǽron on his fyrdinge twelf þúsenda scyttena, Homl. As. 104, 55. [Alle þe scutten, Laym. 27046. O. H. Ger. scuzzo sagittarius: Icel. skyti one who shoots or hurls.]
scyttan; p. te. I. to cause rapid movement, to shoot a bolt, to shut :-- Ic scytte sum loc sero, Ælfc. Gr. 37; Zup. 220, 2. II. to discharge a debt:--Ic wille ðæt man selle ðæt land et Fersafeld . . . and recna man iungere Brún án marc gol and mid ðan láue scytte man mína borgas (my loans shall be paid off), Chart. Th. 568, 19. [Schutteð þet þurl to, A. R. 96, 10. Ayenb. ssette: Piers P. shutte, shette: Wick. schitte: O. Frs. sketta to stop, close.] v. for-scyttan.
scyttel, scytel, es; m. A bar, bolt :-- Ealle ða ísenan scyttelas helle loca wurdan tóbrocene, Blickl. Homl. 87, 5: 85, 7: Nicod. 27; Thw. 15, 24. Scyttelas vectes, Ps. Spl. 106, 16. Scetelas, Kent. Gl. 658. [A gardin besset myd tuo ssetteles, Ayenb. 94, 30. Schyttyl pessulum vel pessellum, Prompt. Parv. 447: ondoynge of schettellys apercio, 365.] v. scutel and next word.
scyttels, scytels, es; m. A bar, bolt :-- Ða scytelses (scittelsas, MS. O.) tóburston, Homl. Skt. i. 3, 348. Openiaþ ðás gatu and ða fæstan scytelsas, Wulfst. 230, 31. Scytelsas seras, Ps. Spl. 147, 2. Scettelsas, Hymn. Surt. 122, 28. Scyttylsum vectibus, Germ. 399, 349. [Þet (the cross) is þet scutles þe ðe deofel ne mei nefre tocysan, O. E. Homl. i. 127, 35.] v. fore-scyttels, and preceding word.
Scyttisc; adj. Scottish, Scotch (v. Scottas):--Ðǽr læg secg mænig . . . guma norþerna . . . swilce Scittisc eác, Chr. 937; Erl. 112, 19. Scyttisc gecost gealdor wið ǽlcum áttre, Lchdm. ii. 10, 23. Scyttysces cynnes natione Scottus, Bd. 3, 21; S. 551, 16. Gif hé hæfþ Scyttisc weax, Lchdm. ii. 114, 11: iii. 46, 17. Scittisc, ii. 156, 26. ¶ Of speech:--Sind on ðís íglande fíf geþeóde . . . Scyttisc, Chr. Erl. 3, 3. Se cyning Scyttysc (linguam Scottorum) geleornad hæfde, Bd. 3, 3; S. 525, 39. On ðam mynstre ðe on Scyttisc is nemned Rathmelsigi, 3, 27; S. 558, 35.
se, sió, Lchdm. ii. 260, l; m.: seó, ðeó, Blickl. Homl. 65, 13; se, Lchdm. ii. 228, 8; f.: ðæt; n. I. a demonstrative adjective, the, that. (l) marking an object as before-mentioned or already well-known (a) wilh substantives:--Se Hǽlend, Mt. Kmbl. 3, 13. Se steorra stód ofer ðǽr ðæt cild wæs, 2, 9. Wæs se engel sprecende tó úres Drihtnes méder, Blickl. Homl. 5, 2. Seó heofon biþ gefeallen æt ðǽm feówer endum middangeardes, 93, 4. Seó eorþe, Lchdm. iii. 254, 15. Seó sǽ and se móna geþwǽrlǽcaþ him betweónan, 268, 12. Seó lyft the air, 272, 20. On ðone gemánan ðæs brýdguman and ðære brýde, Blickl. Homl. 11, 5. Hé fægnode ðæs miclan weorces ðærre ceastre, Past. 4; Swt. 39, 15. Ðæt mon ða earce bere on ðǽm saglum, 22; Swt. 171, 12. Mid ðý selflíce se Déma biþ geniéded tó ðæm ierre, 4; Swt. 39, 10. Ðý þearlan dóme (by the severe sentence just mentioned) hé forleás his mennisce, Swt. 39, 23. Ðæt mæsten is gemǽne tó ðám (those mentioned in the charter) án and twentigum hídum, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. v. 319, 29. On háte ða ahsan, Lchdm. ii. 32, 13. (b) with adjectives:--Se dumba spræc, Mt. Kmbl. 9, 33. Ðá æthrán hé ðæs blindan hand, Mk. Skt. 8, 23. (c) with numerals:--Ða þrý cómon, Cd. Th. 221, 24; Dan. 93. Ðína ágna treówa and seó godcunde lufu and se tóhopa, ða þreó ðé ne lǽtaþ geortréwan be ðam écan lífe, Bt. 10; Fox 32, 8. (d) with proper names:--Se Iohannes the same John (A. V.), Mt Kmbl. 3, 4. Se (the one in question) Cynewulf oft feaht wið Bretwalum . . . Hé wolde ádræfan ænne æþeling, se wæs Cyneheard háten, and se Cyneheard wæs ðæs (the one previously mentioned) Sigebryhtes bróður, Chr. 755; Erl. 48, 24-28. Féng Carl tó ðam westríce . . . se Carl wæs Hlóþwíges sunu, se Hlóþwíg wæs Cailes bróður, se wæs luþyttan fæder, . . . and hié wǽron Hlóþwíges suna. Se Hlóþwíg wæs ðæs aldan Carles sunu; se Carl wæs Pippenes sunu, 885; Erl. 84, 10-17. Seó Asia (Asia Minor), Ors. l, 1; Swt. 12, 11. Him losep gehealp. From ðæm losepe . . ., 1, 5; Swt. 32, 28. (2) marking an object which is further described (a) by an adjective:--Se heofonlíca cyning, Blickl. Homl. 5, 18. Mín se heofonlíca Fæder, Mt. Kmbl. 18, 35. Se earma upáhafena, Past. 26; Swt. 183, 13. Se dysega ungeþyldega, 33; Swt. 220, 9. Ðeó deáþberende uncyst, Blickl. Homl. 65, 13. Mid hire ðære yfelan sceónesse beswác ðone ǽrestan wífmon, 5, l. Ðone yfelan fæsðrǽdan willan fulneáh nán wind ne mæg áwecgan, Past. 33; Swt. 225, 6. ¶ The weak declension usually occurs with the demonstrative, but in the following instances strong forms are found:--On ðam seócum men, Lchdm. ii. 282, 11. Snáw cymþ of ðam þynnun wǽtan, iii. 278, 23. Of ðam hátum bæðe, Homl. Th. i. 58, 29. Ða gleáwe sǽgenga[n] hig understandaþ, Anglia viii. 327, 21. Ða anbestungne saglas, Past. 22; Swt. 171, 11. For ðære sceáwungge ðara ungesewenlícra þinga, 16; Swt. 99, 8. Ðara eádigra apostola, Bd. 5, 19; S. 637, 31. Orhlyte ðæra háligra mihta, Homl. Th. i. 346, 26. (b) by a pronoun:--Mon sceal suá manian ðæt se hiera folgoþ hine ne óþhebbe, Past. 28, 1; Swt. 189, 17. Ða míne sǽlþa and se mín weorðscipe, Bt. 10; Fox 30, 14-15. Æ-acute;nigne dǽl ðara ðínra gesǽlþa, 11, l; Fox 32, 26. (c) by a numeral:--Ðæt þridde gebed, Homl. i. 264, 16. Hyt eall áléd biþ on ðære ánre míle, Ors. l, l; Swt. 20, 32. Ðá áxode se cásere ðone ænne preóst, Homl. Th. ii. 310, 14. Ðis synt ðæra twelf Apostola naman, Mt. Kmbl. 10, 2. Hú mon scule blódlǽse on ðara six fífa ǽlcum on mónþe forgán, Lchdm. ii. 146, 19: 148, 2. (d) by a genitive:--Ðá wæs gesended ðæt goldhord ðæs mægenþrymmes on ðone bend ðæs clǽnan innoþes, Blickl. Homl. 9, 28. Se emnihtes dæg, Lchdm. iii. 256, 26. Néh ðæm clife ðære Reádan Sǽs, Ors. l, l; Swt. 12, 19. Ða diógolnesse ðæs þriddan hefones, Past. 16; Swt. 99, 8. (e) by a phrase:--Ðara twentiges hída landgemǽra tó Burhtúne. . . . Ðara . vii. hída landgemǽra æt mæðelgáres byrig, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. iii. 429, 25-32. (f) by an appositive :-- Saul se cyning, Past. 3; Swt. 35, 14. Membrað se ent . . . Ninus se cyning, Ors. 2, 4; Swt. 74, 9-10. Ðæt land Cilia . . . seó sǽ Euxinus . . . se héhsta beorg Olimpus . . . Nilus seó eá; . . . néh ðam beorge Athlans, 1. 1; Swt. 12, 11-21. (g) by a clause, v. IV :-- Eart ðú se Beowulf, se ðe wið Brecan wunne, Beo. Th. 1016; B. 506. Seó Ægyptus ðe ús neár is, Ors. 1, 1; Swt. 12, 16. Seó menigo ðe beforan férde. Blickl. Homl. 71, 9. Sý ðæs cynnes orf ðe hit sý, L. Ff.; Th. i. 226, 3. Gif esne eorlcundne mannan ofslæhþ ðane ðe sió (whoever it be), L. H. E. 1; Th. i. 26, 8: 3; Th. i. 28, 4. Ða hwíle ðe hié tó nánre óðerre note ne mǽgen. Past. pref.; Swt. 7, 12. Oft mon forlǽt ðone ege and ða fæsðrǽdnesse ðe hé mid ryhte on him innan habban scolde, 4, I; Swt. 37, 17. Ða twelfe ðe mid him wǽron, Mk. Skt. 4, 10. Ða fíf hláfas ðe se cnapa bær getácniaþ ða fíf béc ðe Moyses sette, Homl. Th. i. 186, 13. Hwæt ða sume dreógaþ, ðe ða wræclástas wídost lecgaþ, Exon. Th. 309, 13; Seef. 56. (h) by a clause in apposition :-- Ne sceal hé ðæt án dón, ðæt hé ána wacie, . Past. 28; Swt. 193, 21. (i) by relation to other objects mentioned :-- Se ðe ne gǽþ æt ðam gete intó sceápa falde, Jn. Skt. 10, 1. Hig gefyldon ða [fatu] óþ ðone brerde, 2, 7. Irnende on ðæt sond, and ðonne besince eft on ðæt sand, Ors. 1, 1; Swt. 12, 22. (3) with adjectives used as epithets :-- Salomonn se snottra. Past. 4, 1; Swt. 37, 16. Hit is Hǽlend se Nazarenisca, Blickl. Homl. 15, 19. Sidroc eorl se alda and Sidroc eorl se gioncga, Chr. 871; Erl. 74, 22. Eádweard se langa, Byrht. Th. 139, 53; By. 273. (4) marking an object as the representative of a class :-- Ys seó æx tó ðæra treówa wyrtruman ásett, Mt. Kmbl. 3, 10. Hú nys seó sáwl sélre ðonne mete, 6, 25. Ða líchamlícan gód bióþ forcúþran ðonne ðære sáwle cræftas . . . Seó fægernes ðæs líchoman geblissaþ ðone mon. Bt. 24, 3; Fox 84, 5-8. Ǽr ðan ðe ðæs dæges lenge oferstíge ða niht, Lchdm. iii. 256, 13. Bere is swíðe earfoþe tó gearcigenne, and ðeáhhwæðere fét ðone mann, ðonne hé gearo biþ. Homl. Th. i. 188, 5. (4 a) marking genus :-- Se mon homo, Bd. I. 27; S. 497, 40. Se mann ána gǽþ uprihte, Bt. 41, 6; Fox 254, 29. (5) marking a definite whole or a class of objects :-- Hié hátaþ ða landmen (the natives) Nuchul, Ors. 1, 1; Swt. 12, 24. On ódre wisan mon sceal nianian ða blíðan, on óðre ða unrótan . . . ða underþiéddan . . . ða ofer ððre gesettan . . . ða woroldwísan . . . ða dysegan, Past. 23; Swt. 175, 14-17. Ðæra Persiscra cyning . . . gegaderode of ðam Saraceniscum micele fyrde, Jud. Thw. 162, 23. Hé clypode ða gelaðodan tó ðam gyftum. . . . Hé sǽde ðam gelaðedon, Mt. Kmbl. 22, 3-4. (6) with abstract nouns where modern English would not use the article :-- Sió hǽlu ðone mon gedéþ lustbǽrne, Bt. 24, 3; Fox 84, 9. Gif se weorðscipe and se anweald gód wǽre, 16, 3; Fox 54, 8. Hé ða geþyld ðe is módur ealra mægena for ðæm unwrence ðære ungeþylde forlét, Past. 33, 1; Swt. 215, 20. Þurh ða wilnunga ðære woroldáre, 3; Swt. 33, 8. On ðæm gesundfulnessum ðæt mód wierð upáhafen; and on ðǽm earfeðum hit biþ geeáðmédd. On ðære gesundfulnesse mon forgiett his selfes; on ðǽm gesuincum hé sceal hine selfne geþencean. On ðære orsorgnesse . . . on ðǽm earfoðum. . . . Suíðe oft monn biþ ðære earfoðnesse láreówdóme underþiéded, Swt. 35, 4-10. (6 a) where an abstraction is personified :-- Se Wísdóm and seó Gesceádwísnes, Bt. 3; Fox 6, 13 (and often). II. as a demonstrative pronoun, he, she, it, that, (1) referring to a person or thing :-- Se wæs betera ðonne ic, Beo. Th. 943; B. 469. On ðám ys sǽd, and ðæt sweart, Lchdm. i. 278, Heó hafaþ leáf sinewealte and ða bitere, 290, 18. Ðonne hí eów éhtaþ on ðysse byrig, fleóþ on óðre; and ðonne hí on ðære eów éhtaþ, fleóþ on ða þryddan. Mt. Kmbl. 10, 23. Hét se cásere hine lǽdan tó his deófolgelde, ðæt hé ðæm gulde, Shrn. 88, 22. Heó hafaþ stelan and ðone on bógum geþúfne, Lchdm. i. 298, 20. Ðá swungon hí ðæne, Mk. Skt. 12, 3. Hé sorgaþ ymb ða and biþ ðara suíðe gemyndig, Past. 4, 1; Swt. 37, 19. Ðá wǽron ealle ða wíf gelaðede; ðara wæs iii hund and hundeahtatig. Ors. 3, 6; Swt. 108, 32. Ðæt hé nánes þinges búton ðǽm þurfe, Bt. 24, 4; Fox 86, 6. Gesyllan .xv. leaxas and ða góde, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. iii. 296, 1. (2) referring to the subject dealt with in a clause that, it: -- Gif gé gesáwen hwelce mús ðæt wǽre hláford ofer óðre mýs . . . hú wunderlíc wolde eów ðæt þincan, hwelce cehhettunge gé woldon ðæs habban, Bt. 16, 2; Fox 52, 1-4. Hwylc ðæs cyninges geleáfa wǽre, ðæt æfter his deáþe mid wundrum wæs gecýþed, Bd. 3, 19; S. 533, 15. Ðæt hé ðæs (for praying in a certain place) hæfde méde wið God, Shrn. 88, 32. Hé ðæs (for beheading a saint) dyde hreówsunga, 89, 18 : Ps. Th. 28, 7 : 30, 1. Ic hit scortlíce secgan scyle, hwá ðæs (the stirring up of strife) ordfruman wǽron. Ors. 5, 9; Swt. 232, 18. Hú his gesceafta weaxaþ and eft waniaþ, ðonne ðæs tíma cymþ, Bt. 34, 10; Fox 150, 13. Heora æfterfyligendas wǽron deófolgylde folgiende, for ðam Mellitus and Iustus of Breotene gewiton, Bd. 2, 5; S. 506, 3. Nis hit lang (feor) tó ðon, 4, 24; S. 599, 5. Gif eáran sýn innan sáre, and ðǽr wyrms sý, on dó ða ylcan sealfe, heó ys swýðe gód tó ðam, Lchdm. i. 358, 17. Se hearpere suíðe ungelíce ða strengas styreþ, and mid ðý gedéþ ðæt . . ., Past. 23; Swt. 175, 7. (2 a) in apposition with a clause : see also V :-- Wé nyston ðæt hé ðæs girnan wolde, ðæt wé úrne bróður ðyder lǽddon, Gen. 43, 7. Hié wǽron gebrocede mid ceápes cwilde, ealles swíðost mid ðæm, ðæt manige ðara sélestena cynges þéna forþférdon, Chr. 897; Erl. 94, 32. Ðá næs long tó ðon, ðæt wé tó sumre eá cwóman, Nar. 8, 19. Næs lang tó ðý ðæt his bróðor ðyses lǽnan lífes tíman geendode, Lchdm. iii. 434, 25. Se scamfæsta hæfþ genóh on ðæm tó his bettrunge, ðæt his láreów hine suíðe lythwón gemyndgige his unþeáwa. Past. 31; Swt. 207, 3. Wé leornedon æt him ðæt wé flugen ða óliccunga ðisses middangeardes, and eác ðæt, ðæt wé his ege ús ne ondréden, 3; Swt. 33, 23. (3) dæt referring to an object of any gender or number :-- Ðæt (se ǽwelm ealra gúda) eart ðú, Bt. 33, 4; Fox 132, 30. Hé ðæt is, se ða gebundenan út álǽdde. St. And. 14, 33. Ðæt is mid Estum þeáw, ðæt. . ., Ors. 1, 1; Swt. 21, 11. Ðæt is Iohannes gewitnes, Jn. Skt. 1, 19. Godes bearn, ðæt wǽron góde men, Gen. 6, 2. Ða eágan, ðæt beóþ ða láreówas, and se hrycg, ðæt sint ða hiéremenn, Past. 1; Swt. 29, 12 : Nar. 34, 2, 7. Ðæt wǽron eall Finnas, Ors. 1,1; Swt. 17, 26. Ðæt wǽron fiéftiéne hund þúsend monna, 3, 9; Swt. 128, 22. (3 a) ðæt is=there is; -- Ðæt nis nán man ðætte sumes eácan ne þurfe, Bt. 24, 4; Fox 86, 6. (4) one in contrast with another :-- For hwí se góda lǽce selle ðam hálum men séftne drenc, and óðrum hálum strangne, Bt. 39, 9; Fox 226, 10. Ðonne lufaþ sum ðæt sum elles hwæt one man likes one thing, another something else, Bt. 33, 2; Fox 122, 24. III. as a relative :-- Sum hírédes ealdor wæs, se (qui) plantode wíngerd, Mt. Kmbl. 21, 33. Nys nán þing dýhle, ðæt ne wurðe geswutelod, 10, 26. Ðonne tódǽlaþ hí his feoh, ðæt tó láfe biþ, Ors. 1. 1.; Swt. 20, 28. Gif ðú sý his discipul, se is cweden Crist, St. And. 8, 13. Ondrǽd ðé Drihten and his ródtácn, beforan ðæm forhtigaþ heofon and eorþe, 20, 25. Ðæt ic eów secge on þýstrum, secgaþ hyt on leóhte, Mt. Kmbl. 10, 27. Manige synt on ðisse ceastre, ða sculou geleófan on mínne naman, St. And. 12, 7. Ill a. where relative and antecedent are included in the same word :-- Móste on écnisse æfter lybban se ðæs wæstmes onbát. Cd. Th. 30, 21; Gen. 470 : 63, 8; Gen. 1029. Ðæt gé on eáre gehýraþ bodiaþ uppan hrófum, Mt. Kmbl. 10, 27. Ðonne ðú hæfdest ðæt ðú noldest, oððe næfdest ðæt ðú woldest, Bt. 26, 1; Fox 90, 31. Ðæt hí tóweorpen ðæt God geteohhad hæfþ tó wyrcanne, Ps. Th. 10, 3. Cum and geseoh ðæt hié mé dóþ, St. And. 16, 34. ¶ where the construction is incomplete :-- Eác sculon wiotan ða ofergesettan ðæt ðæt hié unáliéfedes þurhteóþ, swǽ maningra wíta hié beóþ wyrðe, swǽ swǽ hié manna on wón gebrohten, Past. 28; Swt. 190, 6. IV. (see also I. 2 g) in correlative sentences where antecedent and relative are represented (1) by se . . . ðe :-- Gif him gebyrige ðæt hé on ðæs hwæt befoo ðe wið his willan sié, Past. 28; Swt. 198, 23. Ne þearf hé nánes þinges búton ðæs ðe hé on him selfum hæfþ, Bt. 24, 4; Fox 86, 8. Ða gife ic wylle tó ðon dón ðe ic heóld I will put the gift to the use for which I kept it, Guthl. 20; Gdwin. 84, 12. (1 a) by se. . . ðe hé : -- Forðon mæg gehycgan se ðe his heorte deáh, Cd. Th. 282, 8; Sat. 283. Ðæs bihofaþ se ðe him hálig gǽst wísaþ, Exon. Th. 123, 34; Gú. 332. (2) by se . . . se :-- Se ilca se monegum yfelum geárode, Past. 3; Swt. 35, 24. Ðonne cymeþ se man se ðæt swiftoste hors hafaþ, Ors. 1, 1; Swt. 20, 36. Se þurhwunaþ óþ ende, se byþ hál, Mt. Kmbl. 10, 22. Gif ðæt wæs, ðæt seldon gelomp, Bd. 3, 5; S. 527, 2. Beó ðæt þinga, ðæt hit beó, ðæt se man tó note wyrcean wille, Btwk. 222, 8. Hé for Godes ege déþ ðæt ðæt hé déþ, Past. 22; Swt. 169, 4. Herigan ðæt ðæt hé fæsðrǽdes wiste, 32, 2; Swt. 213, 7. (2 a) by se . . . se hé :-- Ðæt is se Abraham, se him ( = ðe him to whom) engla God naman ásceóp, Cd. Th. 201, 30; Exod. 380. (3) by se . . . se ðe: -- Ðys ys se be ðam ðe gecweden ys, Mt. Kmbl. 3, 3. Se ðe brýde hæfþ, se is brýdguma, Jn. Skt. 3, 29. Seó ilce burg, seó ðe mǽst wæs, seó is nú læst, Ors. 2, 4; Swt. 74, 22. Ðæt mon ne wæs, se ðe him ætýwde, Bd. 2, 12; S. 514, 25. Ðæt ðe ácenned is of flǽsce, ðæt is flǽsc; and ðæt ðe of gáste ácenned is, ðæt is gást, Jn. Skt. 3, 6. Ða, ða ðe hi, qui, Rtl. 5, 33. Ðæs monnes nama wæs, se ðe hí beheáfdade, Dorotheos, Shrn. 89, 17. Ða eallreordan þeóde, ðara ðe hí ða gereorde ne cúþan, gesécan. Bd. 1. 23; S. 485, 33. Ðætte tǽlwyrðes sié, ðæt hié ðæt tǽlen, Past. 28; Swt. 195, 24. Hí námon him wíf of eallum ðám, ða ðe hig gecuron, Gen. 6, 2. (3 a) irregular constructions :-- Se, seðe ǽr worolde rícsode on hefenum, hit is áwriten, Iudéas woldon hine dón tó cyninge, Past. 3; Swt. 33, 12. Se ilca, seðe wénde ðæt hé wǽre ofer ealle óðere menn, him gebyrede . . ., 4; Swt. 39, 24. Se hondwyrm, se ðe secgas seaxe delfaþ, Exon. Th. 427, 24; Rä. 41, 96. Se biþ leófast, se ðe hym God syleþ gumena ríce tó gehealdenne, 326, 21; Víd. 132. Cf. Hé weorðeþ eádig se ðe hine God geceóseþ beatus quem elegisti, Ps. Th. 64, 4. (4) by se . . . se se: -- Swá þyncþ him, ðæt se hié him niédscylde sceolde, se se hié him sealde, Past. 9; Swt. 57, 6. Ðæt ðæt lator biþ, ðæt hæfþ angin, Homl. Th. i. 284, 7. Ǽlc mon tiohhaþ him ðæt tó sélestum goode ðæt ðæt hé swíðost lufaþ, Bt. 33, 2; Fox 122, 23. (4 a) irregular :-- Se Drihten, se ðæs ( = ðe his) setl ys on heofenum, Ps. Th. 10, 4. V. in adverbial or conjunctional forms. In phrases such as for . ðam ðe the pronominal element was represented later by that, as in Shakspere, and is now usually omitted altogether, (i) Nó (nalses, nallas no) ðæt án ðæt . . . ac not only . . . but also, Bt. 21; Fox 74, 17 : 22, 1; Fox 76, 13: 37, 3; Fox 190, 18: Guthl. 5; Gdwin. 30, 23. (2) Ðæs (a) in reference to time, or sequence of events, marking the point from which measurement is made, after :-- Sume men secgen ðæt hire ǽwielme sié on westende Affrica, and ðonne folraðe ðæs (very soon after) sié eást irnende on ðæt sond, Ors. 1. 1; Swt. 12, 21. Fulraðe ðæs ic clipode tó him, Bt. 22, l; Fox 76, 8. Ðæs on morgen the next morning, Ors. 3, 4; Swt. 104, 5. Ðæs on ðǽm æfterran geáre anno ab hoc proximo, 4, 6; Swt. 172, 17. Ðæs ymb iii geár tertio anno, Swt. 176, 24. Ðæs ymb iii niht, Chr. 871; Erl. 74, 6, 14, 25. Wífes wer gif hé forþfærþ ymbe xii mónaþ ðæs heó mót niman óðerne mortuo viro, post annum licet mulieri alium accipere, L. Ecg. C. 19; Th. ii. 146, 10. ¶ Ðæs ðe:--Ðæs ðe ðá seó costung gestilled wæs, ðá wǽron forþgongende ða geleáfsuman, Bd. 1, 8; S. 479, 19: 3, 22; S. 552, 39. Sóna ðæs ðe hí on ðis eálond cómon, ðá compedon hí, 1, 12; S. 480, 29. Ðæs ðe . . . ðá sóna, 5, 6; S. 620, 11. Æfter siextegum daga ðæs ðe ðæt timber ácorfen wæs intra sexagesimum diem quam arbores caesae erant, Ors. 4, 6; Swt. 172, 4. Hé ðá gyt lifde æfter ændlefan geárum ðæs ðe [hé] wæs bebyrged, Shrn. 82, 15. Ðæt wæs ymb twelf mónaþ ðæs ðe hié ǽr hider cómon, Chr. 894; Erl. 93, 14: 895; Erl. 93, 32: 896; Erl. 94, 23. (b) marking degree, proportion, so (cf. colloquial use of that=so, with adjectives):--Nǽre flód ðæs deóp, merestreám ðæs micel, ðæt his mín mód getweóde, Cd. Th. 51, 26, 27; Gen. 832, 833. Nó ðæs fród leofaþ gumena bearna ðæt ðone grund wite (so wise as to know), Beo. Th. 2737; B. 1366. Wurde ðú ðæs gewitleás, ðæt ðú þonc ne wisses, Exon. Th. 90, 12; Cri. 1473. Nis ǽnig ðæs horsc ne ðæs hygecræftig ðe ðín fromcyn mǽge geséþan, 15, 24; Cri. 241. Wé ús wið him sceldan ðæs ðe wé mihton we protected ourselves against them as far as we could, Nar. 14, 29: Ps. Th. 10, 3: Homl. Th. ii. 550, 20: L. Eth. v. 23; Th. i. 310, 11: vi. 1; Th. i. 314, 6: Lchdm. ii. 86, 23. Næs ic nǽfre git náne hwíle swá emnes módes, ðæs ðe ic gemunan mǽge (from what, or as far as, I can remember), Bt. 26, 1; Fox 90, 25. ¶ with comparatives:--Ðá clypodon hig ðæs ðe má (so much the more), Mt. Kmbl. 20, 31: Mk. Skt. 10, 26. Sió wund biþ ðæs ðe wierse and ðý máre, Past. 17; Swt. 123, 18: 18; Swt. 131, 16. Ðæt hié wénden ðæt hié ðæs ðe (tanto) untǽlwyrðran wǽren ðe (quanta) hié wénden ðæt hé nyste hira leóhtmódnesse, 32, 2; Swt. 215, 1. (b I) with tó :-- Tó ðæs mycel ðæt . . . so great that . . ., Bd. 1, 1; S. 474, 13. Wæs seó eorþe tó ðæs heard and tó ðæs stánihte ðæt . . ., 4. 28; S. 605, 27. Nis nán tó ðæs lytel ǽwelm, ðæt hé ða sǽ ne geséce, Bt. 24, 1; Fox 80, 24. Hé him ðæs leán forgeald tó ðæs ðe hé in ræste geseah Grendel lícgan he gave him reward for that so, or to such a degree, that he saw Grendel lie dead, Beo. Th. 3175; B. 1585. (c) marking agreement, according to what, as :-- Wé him andswaredon ðæs ðe hé ús áxode respondimus juxta id quod fuerat sciscitatus, Gen. 43, 7. Hú hé him ondwyrdan sceolde ðæs hé hiene áscade quid sibi tamquam consulenti responderi velit, Ors. 3, 9; Swt. 126, 30. Ðæs ðe (ut) mé gesawen is, Bd. 1, 25; S. 487, 12: Bt. 24, 3; Fox 84, 10. Swá efne ðæs ðe ita ut, Bd. 1, 34; S. 499, 20. And se mon biþ ðæs ðe swá tó cweþanne sí ǽghwæðer ge gehæfted ge freó itaque homo est, ut ita dixerim, captivus et liber, 1, 27; S. 497, 40. Ðæs ðe béc secgaþ as books say, St. And. 26, 6. (d) because, since :-- Waa mé ðæs ic swigode vae mihi quia tacui, Past. 49, 2; Swt. 379, 24. (3) Ðæm, ðam, ðan, ðon (ðe). (a) with a comparative:--Gif hé ne biþ ðon raþor gelácnod, Lchdm. ii. 200, 20. (b) with prepositions :-- Æfter ðæm ðe Rómeburg getimbred wæs urbe condita, Ors. 4, 6; Swt. 170, 19 (and often). Æfter ðæm ðe Cartainiense gefliémde wǽron hié wilnedon friþes Carthaginenses, fracti bellis, pacem poposcerunt, Swt. 174, 23. Æ-acute;r ðæm ðe Rómeburh getimbred wǽre, 1, 3; Swt. 32, 1 (and often) Æ-acute;r ðam ðe donec, Mt. Kmbl. 12, 20. Æ-acute;r ðon, Past. 33, 1; Swt. 215, 15. Wurdon viiii folc&dash-uncertain;gefeoht gefohten . . . and bútan ðam ðe him cyninges þegnas oft ráde onridon ðe mon ná ne rímde there were nine pitched battles . . . and besides king's thanes often made raids upon them, that were not counted, Chr. 871; Erl. 76, 10. For ðæm ðe (1) for, because :-- Eádige synt ða líðan; for ðam ðe (quoniam) hí eorþan águn, Mt. Kmbl. 5, 4. For ðam, 5, 3. For ðon ðe quia, 7, 13. Ða Deniscan sǽton ðǽr behindan, for ðæm hiora cyning wæs gewundod, Chr. 894; Erl. 91, 2. For ðæm ðe, 91, 28. For ðam, Ps. Th. 9, 13. Ðý . . . for ðam therefore . . . because, Bt. 36, 7; Fox 184, 15. (2) therefore :-- Hé for ðæm nolde, ðý hé mid his folce getrúwode ðæt hé hiene beswícan mehte, Ors. 2, 4; Swt. 76, 8: Bt. 38, 2; Fox 188, 16. For ðon (therefore) ic ðé bebióde, Past. pref.; Swt. 5, 1. (3) for the purpose, in order :-- Geþence gé hwæt gé sién; for ðæm ðæt gé eówer mód gemetgien pensa, quod es; ut se spiritus temperet, Past. 21, 4; Swt. 159, 14. Mid ðæm ðe whilst, when, as, of simultaneous events:--Mid ðæm ðe ða burgware swá geómorlíc angin hæfdon ðá com se cyning self mid his scipe inter haec procedit ipse de navi sua imperator, Ors. 4, 5; Swt. 166, 14. Mid ðam ðe se apostol stóp intó ðære byrig, ðá bær man him tógeánes ánre wydewan líc, Homl. Th. i. 60, 11. Ongemang, onmang ðam (ðe) whilst, meanwhile :-- Ongemang ðæm ðe hié wilniaþ ðæt hié gifule byncen, Past. 45, 3; Swt. 339, 24. Seó sunne sáh tó setle onmang ðam ðe hí on wópe wæron, Homl. Skt. i. 23, 246: Chr. 1105; Erl. 240, 4. Ongemang ðam (interea) his leorningcnihtas hine bǽdon, Jn. Skt. 4, 31. Tó ðam (1) marking degree so, to such a degree :-- Ðá wǽron hié tó ðæm gesárgode, ðæt hié ne mehton Súð-Seaxna lond útan berówan, Chr. 897; Erl. 96, 8. Men tó ðam dyrstige ðæt hí ðæt gold nimen men so bold as to take the gold, Nar. 35, 9: Bt. 11, 1; Fox 32, 32. Nis nán tó ðam ungelýfedlíc spel . . . ðæt ic hym ne gelífe, Shrn. 196, 18. Tó ðam ðú mé hæfst gerétne ðæt . . ., Bt. 22, 1; Fox 76, 11. (2) marking purpose, to the end (that):--Tó ðæm ðæt (ut) hé forleóse heora gemynd, Ps. Th. 33, 16: 10, 2. Ne com hé ná tó ðam on eorþan ðæt him mon þénade, Past. 17; Swt. 121, 8. Tó ðæm ðæt, pref.; Swt. 5, 3. Ða cwóman tó ðon ðæt hié woldan ús wundigan nos adlacessere temptabant, Nar. 22, 17. Wið ðam ðe in return for, on condition (that), connecting two clauses containing mutual concessions, v. wið:--Se cyng and his witan him (the Danes) gafol and metsunga behétan wið ðam ðe hí heora hergunga geswicon, Chr. 1011; Erl. 144, 22: Past. 36, 6; Swt. 255, 3, 9. (4) Ðæt in óþ ðæt. v. óþ, II. 2. (5) Ðý, ðí, ðig (1) therefore, so :-- Ðý him is micel þearf, ðonne hé tela lǽrþ, ðæt hé eác tela doo, Past. 28; Swt. 193, 12; Bt. 36, 7; Fox 184, 14. Ðý ideo, L. Ecg. P. i. 15; Th. ii. 178, 29. Ðig itaque, Th. ii. 176, 15. (2) because :-- Wénst ðú, ðæt ealle ða þing ðe góde sint, for ðý góde sint, ðý hí habbaþ hwæthwegu gódes on him, 34, 9; Fox 146, 30: Ors. 2, 4; Swt. 76, 8. (3) with comparatives, the, any :-- Búton ðú mé ðý gesceádlícor óðer gerecce, Bt. 39, 2; Fox 214, 7. Hió ne biþ ðý neár ðære sǽ ðe hió biþ on midne dæg, 39, 3; Fox 214, 28. Ðæt hié hira selfra ne ágon ðý máre geweald ðe óðerra monna, Past. 33, 1; Swt. 215, 13. Hié woldon ðæt hér ðý mára wísdóm on londe wǽre ðý wé má geþeóda cúðon, Past. pref.; Swt. 5, 24. (2) with prepositions. For ðý (ðe), (a) therefore :-- For ðý . . . ðý therefore . . . because, Bt. 34, 9; Fox 146, 30. For ðý . . . for ðæm therefore . . . because, Past. 21; Swt. 157, 10. (b) because :-- Ðæt wæs for ðý ðe hié wǽron benumene ðæs ceápes, Chr. 895; Erl. 93, 17. Mid ðý (ðe) (a) of time, when, as :-- Mid ðý ðe hé ðis gebed gecweden hæfde, Blickl. Homl. 229, 27: 231, 7. Sumre tíde mid ðý ðe wé wǽron mid úrum Drihtne, 235, 2. Mid ðí ðe, 237, 17. Mid ðí hé ðis cwæð, hé ástáh on heofonas, 237, 15. Mid ðý cum, Bd. 4, 24; S. 598, 33. Mið ðý cum, Mt. Kmbl. Lind. 24, 15 (and often). (b) denoting a cause or consequence, when, as, since :-- Mid ðý Peohtas wíf næfdon, hí bǽdon him wífa fram Scottum, Bd. 1, 1; S. 474, 19. (c) though :-- Gif hé eów forhogige and eów ne wylle árísan tógeánes mid ðý eówer má is sin autem vos spreverit, nec coram vobis adsurgere voluerit, cum sitis numero plures, 2, 2; S. 503, 13. Tó ðý . . . ðæt to the end that :-- Ne com hé for ðý ðæt hé wolde his eorþlíce ríce mid riccetere him tó geteón; ac tó ðí hé com ðæt hé wolde his heofenlíce ríce geleáffullum mannum gyfan, Homl. Th. i. 82, 20-24: ii. 226, 9. Ne dó ná se Godes þeówa Godes þénunge for sceattum, ac tó ðý ðæt hé geearnige ðæt éce wuldor þurh ðæt, L. Ælf. C. 27; Th. ii. 352, 23. [Gothic and Icelandic have forms corresponding with the nom. m. f. se, seó, and O. Sax. also has a masculine se; in other dialects the dental forms prevail throughout. In the Lindisfarne Gospels ðe (=ipse, Mt. Kmbl. 15, 24), ðiú (=quae, 24, 15) are used, but also se ðe (=qui, 6, 4). In later English þe, þeo replace se, seó.]
se so :-- Se ðeáh yet, still, Exon. Th. 13, 31; Cri. 211: 159, 30; Gú. 934: 328, 24; Vy. 22: 454, 6; Hy. 4, 28: 455, 12, 18; Hy. 4, 48, 51: 495, 13; Rä. 84, 7. Hwæðre se ðeáh, 417, 27; Rä. 36, 11. Efne se ðeáh, 421, 33; Rä. 40, 27: 482, 2; Rä. 66, 1. Se ðeána, 127, 3; Gú. 380. Sete hí samod anlíce swá se wægnes hweól pone ilos ut rotam, Ps. Th. 82, 10. [Hi rihtleceden þat folc swa se hi mihten, O. E. Homl. i. 235, 32. Se in combinations hwat se, alse is frequent in later English.] v. swá, nese (?).
seád, seáda, seáfian, seaht, seal, sealcan, seald. v. seód, seáða, seófian, seht, sealh, á-sealcan, solcen, sellan.
sealdness, e; f. Giving :-- Sealdnesse dandi, Wrt. Voc. ii. 28, 7. v. ge-saldniss.
sealf, e: sealfe, an (?); f. Salve, ointment :-- Salf, salb malagma, Txts. 77, 127. Sealf, Wrt. Voc. i. 68, 6. Smyrels vel sealf unguina vel unguenta, 49, 29. Fota, i. confortata vel sealf, ii. 149, 76. Smyrels oððe sealfe unguentum, i. 74, 8. Sealfe nardi, Hpt. Gl. 517, 28. For hwí wæs ðisse sealfe forspillednes? Ðeós sealf mihte beón geseald, Mk. Skt. 14, 4, 5: Jn. Skt. 12, 3, 5. Wyrc tó salfe (sealfe, MSS. H. B.), Lchdm. i. 110, 18. Sealfe fotu, Wrt. Voc. ii. 90, 74. Lǽcedómnessa oððe sealfe cataplasma, 18, 31. [O. Sax. salƀa: O. H. Ger. salb and salba (gen. -a and -un) unctio, unguentum, malagma, cataplasma.] v. bæþ-, bán-, ciper-, cú-, dolh-, eág-, eár-, ele-, múþ-, sceáde-, smeoru-, tóþ-, weax-, weaxhláf-, wen-sealf.
sealf-box, es; m.? n.? A box for ointment :-- Án wíf hæfde hyre sealfbox deórwyrþes nardes, and tóbrocenum sealfboxe ofer his heáfod ágét, Mk. Skt. 14, 3: Lk. Skt. 7, 37.
sealf-cynn, es; n. An ointment :-- Sealfcyn (seals-, Wrt.) amaracium (cf. Span, unguento amaracino a sort of ointment made of marjoram), Wrt. Voc. ii. 7, 74.
sealfian; p. ode To salve, anoint :-- Sealfode fotam, Wrt. Voc. ii. 37, 16: 85, 22. Gisalbot delibutus, Txts. 56, 325. [Salue me mine wunden, Marh. 5, 30. Eʒhesallfe to sallfenn þe follkes herrtess eʒhe, Orm. 9427. Þatt mann þatt smeredd iss and sallfedd, 13243. Buten ʒif heorte wunden beon isalued, A. R. 274, 30. Goth. salbón to anoint: O. Sax. salƀón: O. H. Ger. salbón ungere, fovere, impinguare.]
sealf-lǽcnung, e; f. Curing by means of salves or ointments:--Farmacida in Latinum medicamina sonat, id est sealflǽcnung, Wrt. Voc. ii. 39, 19. v. next word.
sealf-lǽcung, e; f. Pharmacy; pharmacia, Wrt. Voc. i. 20, 27. v. preceding word.
sealh, salig, es; m. A sallow, sally, selly (v. E. D. S. Pub. Plant Names, p. 607):-- Salch, salh salix, Txts. 94, 892. Sealh amera, Wrt. Voc. i. 285, 61. Seal, ii. 8, 41. Seales rinde, Lchdm. iii. 14, 2. Reádes seales leáf (red sally lythrum salicaria, Plant Names, p. 413), 58, 28. Genim sealh, ii. 18, 26: 86, 7. On salig (saligum, Ps. Lamb.: salum, Ps. Surt.: sealum. Ps. Spl.) wé úre organan up áhéngan in salicibus snspendimus organa nostra, Ps. Th. 136, 2. Salhas salices, Txts. 113, 58. Selas saliunculas, Hpt. Gl. 408, 56. [In selihes (salyhes, MS. H.), Ps. 136, 2. Chauc. salwes: Prompt. Parv. salwhe: O. H. Ger. salaha; gen. -un; f. salix, saliuncula: Ger. sahl-weide: Icel. selga (cf. selly, Yorks.); f.] v. following words.
sealh-beorh a hill where sallows grow :-- Tó sahlbeorge, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. iii. 451, 17.
sealh-hangra a meadow where sallows grow :-- On sealhangran, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. vi. 234, 18.
sealh-hyrst a sallow-copse :-- Tó sealhyrstæ foreweardræ, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. v. 256, 1.
sealh-rind the bark of sallow :-- Nim sealhrinde, Lchdm. ii. 98, 9. Gréne sealhrinde, 318, 9.
Sealh-wudu Selwood :-- Be eástan Sealwyda, Chr. 878; Erl. 80, 9. Sealwuda, 894; Erl. 92, 19.
sealm, psealm, psalm, es; m. A psalm, song (a) in a general sense:--Psalmus, propie hearpsang; canticum psalm, æfter hearpan sang; psalmus ǽr hearpan sang, Wrt. Voc. i. 28, 36-38. On fatum sealmes in vasis psalmi, Ps. Spl. 70, 24. Syngaþ Gode sealm, 67, 4. Salma psalmorum, Ps. Surt. 70, 21. On sealmum wé drýman him in psalmis jubilemus ei, Ps. Spl. 94, 2. Ðæt ic Gode sealmas singe, Ps. Th. 56, 9, 11. (b) the psalms of David:--David wítegode fela ymbe Crist, swá swá ús cýðaþ ða sealmas ðe hé gesang, Ælfc. T. Grn. 7, 25. On Moyses ǽ, on wítegum and on sealmum, Lk. Skt. 24, 44. On psalmum (salmum, Cott. MSS.) Past. 48; Swt. 375, 1. (c) with special reference to the services of the church:--Hú fela psealma on nihtlícum tídum tó singenne synt, R. Ben. 6, 15. Sealma, 33, 5: 6, 22. Nǽnig mon ne dorste for hine sæalmas ne mæssan singan, Bd. 5, 14; S. 634, 35. Seofon seolmas, Coll. Monast. Th. 33, 29. [O. L. Ger. salm: O. H. Ger. salmo, psalmo: Icel. sálm.] v. bletsing-, gebed-, lof-sealm.
sealma, selma, an.; m. A couch :-- Selma, benc sponda, Txts. 98, 955. Gewíteþ ðonne on sealman, Beo. Th. 4911; B. 2460. (Cf. Lazarus answeƀit ist an selmon, Hel. 4008.) [O. Frs. bed-selma bedstead.]
sealm-cwide, es; m. A psalm :-- On stefne sealmcwides uoce psalmi, Ps. Lamb. 97, 5.
sealm-fæt:--On sealmfatum translates in vasis psalmorum, Ps. Th. 70, 20.
sealm-getæl, es; n. A tale or number of psalms :-- Ðæs sealmgetæles is elles tó lyt, R. Ben. 43, 19.
sealm-glig, -gliw, es; n. Psalmody :-- On sealmglige in psalterio, Blickl. Gl. Sealmglywe, Ps. Lamb. 143, 9.
sealmian; p. ode To play on the harp (and sing):--Ic singe and sealmige cantabo et psallam (I sal sing and salme, Ps.), Ps. Spl. M. 107, 1.
sealm-leóþ, es; n. A psalm :-- Sealmleóþ and hearpswég psalterium et cythara, Blickl. Gl.
sealm-lof, es; n. A psalm :-- Sealmlof psalmus, Ps. Lamb. 146, 1: 17, 50: psalterium, 107, 3. Sealmlof cweðaþ psallite, 97, 4.
sealm-lofian to sing psalms :-- Singaþ him and sealmlofiaþ him cantate ei et psallite ei, Ps. Lamb. 104, 2.
sealm-sang, es; m. I. a psalm :-- Sealmsang psalmus, Ps. Lamb. 146, 1. Salmsang, 60, 9. On sealmsangum in psalmis, Hymn. Surt. 7, 34. II. psalm singing, psalmody :-- Ðá ðá se sealmsang gefylled wæs expletis psalmodiis, Bd. 4, 7; S. 575, 2. Ðæs dæglícan sealmsanges diurne psalmodie, Wrt. Voc. ii. 141, 61: R. Ben. 34, 9. On fæstenne and on sealmsange, Blickl. Homl. 199, 34. Gif se man sealmsang ne cunne si homo psalmos cantare nesciat, L. Ecg. P. iv. 61; Th. ii. 222, 16. Sealmsang melodiam, Wrt. Voc. ii. 56, 77. III. the making and reciting of psalms :-- Ða twegen fixas getácnodon sealmsang and ðæra wítegena cwydas. Án ðæra bodode Cristes tócyme mid sealmsange and óðer mid wítegunge. Nú sind ða twá gesetnyssa, ðæt is sealmsang and wítegung, Homl. Th. i. 188, 16-19. [O. H. Ger. salm-sang psalmus, psalterium, psalmodia.]
sealm-scop, es; m. A writer or maker of psalms, a psalmist (generally the psalmist David):--Se sealmscop (salm-, Cott. MSS.), Past. 1; Swt. 29, 8. Salmscop, 14; Swt. 85, 23. Psalmsceop (-scop, Cott. MSS.), 37; Swt. 273, 13: 275, 21. Se sealmsceop, Blickl. Homl. 55, 12: 57, 1: L. Ecg. P. i. 9; Th. ii. 176, 14: Homl. Th. ii. 82, 30. Sealmscopes psalmigraphi, Hpt. Gl. 430, 40. Heáhfæderas, wítigan, sealmsceopas, Blickl. Homl. 105, 10: Wulfst. 250, 18.
sealm-traht, es; m. A commentary on the psalms or on a psalm :-- Swá swá Hieronimus se wísa trahtnere áwrát on sumum sealmtrahte, Homl. As. 36, 297.
sealm-wyrhta, an; m. A psalmist :-- Se psalmwyrhta (David), Homl. Th. ii. 82, 32. Sealmwyrhta, Ælfc. T. Grn. 1, 24.
sealt, es; n. Salt (lit. and fig.):--Sealt sal, Wrt. Voc. i. 82. 89. Gé synt eorþan sealt (salt, Lind., Rush.): gyf ðæt sealt áwyrþ, Mt. Kmbl. 5, 13: Mk. Skt. 9, 49, 50. Hwylc manna werodum þurhbrýcþ mettum búton swæcce sealtes quis hominum dulcibus perfruitur cibis sine sapore salis? Coll. Monast. Th. 28, 17. Nim ácorfenes sealtes (rock salt) ðæt wæter ðe ðǽrof gǽþ, Lchdm. ii. 246, 18. Hwítes sealtes, iii. 20, 26. Greát sealt rock salt, 40, 20, 10: i. 158, 34. [Goth. salt: O. Sax. O. L. Ger. salt: O. H. Ger. salz: Icel. salt.] See following words, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. vi. 331, col. 2, and Leo on Anglo-Saxon Names. p. 27.
sealt, salt; adj. Salt, (1) of that which is naturally salt:--For hwam wæs seó sǽ sealt geworden? Moises áwearp ða .x. word in ða sǽ, and his teáras ágeát in ða sǽ; for ðam wearð seó sǽ sealt, Salm. Kmbl. 188, 15-19. Sealt wæter the sea, Ps. Th. 68, 2: Cd. Th. 13, 6; Gen. 198. Brim sceal sealt weallan, Menol. Fox 552; Gn. C. 45. On sealtum mersce in salsuginem, Ps. Spl. 106, 34. Óþ ðone sealtan mere usque ad lacum Salinarum, Ors. 1, 1; Swt. 26, 8. Ofer sealtne (saltne, Cott. MSS.) sǽ, Past. pref.; Swt. 9, 8. Sió onlícnes sendde mycel wæter þurh hiora múþ swá sealt (very salt), Blickl. Homl. 245, 25. Eahtoðe wæs sealtes pund, ðanon him wǽron ða teáras sealte, Salm. Kmbl. 180, 16. Sealte ýða, Cd. Th. 205, 26; Exod. 441. Sealte sǽwǽgas, 240, 9; Dan. 384. Sealte streámas, Exon. Th. 206, 2; Ph. 120. Sealte flódas, Ps. Th. 68, 14. Swég sealtera wætera, 76, 13. Salte sǽstreámas, Andr. Kmbl. 1497; An. 750. (2) of that which is artificially salt, salt (meat):--Tú hriéðeru, óðer sealt, óðer fersc, Ch. Th. 158, 27. Forgá sealtes gehwæt, Lchdm. ii. 56, 23. Ete sealtne mete and nówiht fersces, iii. 28, 24. Sele ðú him sealte mettas, 182, 13: 184, 8. [O. Frs. salt: Icel. saltr.] v. un-sealt.
sealt-ærn, -ern, es; n. A salt-house, a place where salt is prepared :-- .i. sealtern, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. ii. 64, 28. Bútan ðem sealtern and bútan ðem wioda ðe tó ðem sealtern limpþ, 66, 22. Sealtearn, iii. 426, 19.
sealt-bróc, es; m. A brook that runs from salt works (?):--Ofsalterewellan eástriht on saltbróc; and swá ondlong saltbróces, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. iii. 206, 32.
sealten; adj. Salt, salted :-- In ðæm ðe biþ salten in quo salietur, Mt. Kmbl. Rush. 5, 13.
sealtere, es; m. A salt-worker :-- Sealtere salinator, Wrt. Voc. i. 74, 10. Sealtere, saltere, Ælfc. Gr. 9, 21; Zup. 47, 2. Sealtere, hwæt ús fremaþ cræft ðín ? . . . Nán eówer blisse brýcþ on gereorduncge oððe mete, búton cræft mín gistlíþe him beó, Coll. Monast. Th. 28, 5-11. On ðone saltherpaþ; and swá ondlong ðæs herpaþes ðæt on salteredene . . . on salterewellan; of salterewellan eástriht on saltbróc, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. lii. 206, 28-32. Sealtera cumb, 412, 24. In saltera weg; of sealtera wege, 80, 16. [Prompt. Parv. saltare or wellare of salt salinator.]
sealt-fæt, es; n. A vessel for salt, a salt-cellar :-- Sealtfæt salinare vel salinum, Wrt. Voc. i. 26, 59: vas salis, 290, 23: Anglia ix. 264, 18. Se Hǽlend bestang ðone hláf on ðæt sealtfæt ðe him beforan stód, Homl. As. 163, 254. [O. H. Ger. salz-faz salinum: Icel. salt-fat.]
sealt-hálgung, e; f. Salt-hallowing; benedictio salis:--Salthálguncge tó acrum ɫ in húsum, Rtl. 117, 33.
sealt-herepaþ a road to salt-works. v. sealtere, and cf. sealt-strǽt.
sealt-hús, es; n. A house where salt is prepared (?) or sold (?); salinarium, Wrt. Voc. i. 56, 49. [O. H. Ger. salz-hús salsamentarium.]
sealtian to dance. v. saltian and next word.
sealticge, an; f. A dancer :-- Hét Herodes ðæt heáfod beran on disce and sellan ánre sealticgan (the daughter of Herodias who danced before Herod) hire plegan tó méde, Shrn. 123, 2.
sealt-leáf glosses mozicia, Wrt. Voc. ii. 59, 35.
sealt-leáh; gen. -leáge; f. A salt lea; hence Saltley :-- Of ðan swínhagan ðæt on sealtleáge; and of sealtleáge in ðone hyrstgeard, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. iii. 400, 1.
sealt-mere, es; m: A salt mere or marsh; hence Saltmere.--Tó sealtmere; of sealtmere, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. iii. 82, 3.
sealtness, e; f. Saltness :-- Eorþan wæstmbére sealtsæleðan ɫ to sealtnesse terram fructiferam in salsuginem, Ps. Lamb. 106, 34. In saltnisse in salsilaginem, Ps. Surt. 106, 34.
sealt-sæleða. v. preceding word.
sealt-seáþ, es; m. A salt-pit, salt-spring :-- Hafaþ eác ðis land sealtseáþas hábet fontes salinarum, Bd. 1, 1; S. 473, 22. [Cf. O. H. Ger. salz-suti salina.]
sealt-stán, es; m. I. rock salt :-- Ðis mæg tó eáhsalfe: genim geoluwne stán (ochre) and saltstán, Lchdm. i. 374, 14. II. a stone formed of salt, a pillar of salt :-- Heó on sealtstánes sóna wurde anlícnesse ǽfre siððan, Cd. Th. 154, 31; Gen. 2564. Lothes wíf wearð áwende tó ánum sealtstáne (in statuam salis), Gen. 19, 26: Anglia vii., 48, 472. [O. H. Ger. salz-stein: Icel. salt-steinn. In English salt-stone somewhat later means a rock in the sea, translating cautes, Wrt. Voc. i. 256, col. 1.]
sealt-strǽt, e; f. A road to salt-works (?); hence Saltstreet :-- Andlang sealtstrǽte, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. iii. 38, 20. Ondlong ðære sealtstrǽt, 160, 13. Tó ðære sealtstræte, 263, 24. Cf. sealt-herepaþ.
sealt-wíc, es; u. A place where sail is sold; hence Saltwych :-- In unico emptorio salis quern nos Saltuuic uocamus, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. i. 81, 9. Æt Saltwíc, v. 143, 21.
sealt-wille, -welle, an; f. A salt spring or well; hence Saltwell :-- In saltwyllan; of saltwyllan, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. iv. 70, 24. Ða saltwælla ɫ of sæltwælla a saliua (translator seems to have read salina), Mt. Kmbl. P.1. 5.
sealt-ýþ, e; f. A salt wave, sea-wave :-- Ðæt ic sealtýþa gelác cunnige, Exon. Th. 308, 5; Seef. 35. Sealtýþa geswing, 356, 7; Pa. 8.
seám, es; m. A seam :-- Heáfodpanne capitale, heánnes ðære heáfodpannan cacumen capitalis, seám ðære heáfodpannan cerebrum, brægen cervellum, Wrt. Voc. ii. 22, 51-55. Seam panicenū, 116, 8. His tunece wæs eal búton seáme (inconsutilis, Jn. 19, 23), Homl. Th. ii. 254, 32. Geclǽm ealle ða seámas mid tyrwan, i. 20, 33. [O. Frs. sám: O. H. Ger. saum ora, lacinia, limbus: Icel. saumr.]
seám, es; m. I. a seam, a load, burden [a seam of corn is a quarter, eight bushels; a seam of wood is a horse-load; a seam of dung 3 cwts. (Devon), v. E. D. S. Pub. Reprinted Glossaries, and Farming Words 1, 3, 7. Bailey gives a seam of glass as 120 lbs.] :-- Seám vel berþen sarcina, Wrt. Voc. i. 16, 27: Ælfc. Gr. 9, 32; Zup. 59, 3. Seáme sarcina, Hpt. Gl. 528, 35. Gé sýmaþ men mid byrþenum (seámum, Lind. : seómum, Rush.) . . . and gé ne áhrínaþ ða seámas mid eówrum ánum fingre, Lk. Skt. 11, 46. Wæs þridde healf þúsend múla ðe ða seámas (sarcinas) wǽgon. Nar. 9, 10 : 23, 1-2. II. the furniture of a beast of burden:- -- Rachel hig hæfde gehýdd under ánes olfendes seáme (subter stramenta cameli), Gen. 31, 34. III. that in which a burden may be carried, a bag :-- Búta seáme (seóme, Rush. ) sine sacculo, Lk. Skt. Lind. 22, 35. Nællaþ gié gebeara seám (seóm, Rush.) nolite portare sacculum, 10, 4. IV. as a technical term, a service which consisted in supplying the lord with beasts of burden; summagium, sagmegium :-- Hé sceal beón gehorsad, ðæt hé mǽge tó hláfordes seáme ðæt (the horse) syllan oððe sylf lǽdan, swæðer him man tǽce, L. R. S. 5; Th. i. 436, 6. [I shal assoille þe myselue for a seme of whete, Piers P. 3, 40. Seem of corne quarterium, Prompt. Parv. 452. O. H. Ger. soum sagma, sella, sarcina. From Lat. (Gk.) sagma, later salma; cf. Ital. salma; Fr. somme.] v. ofer-seám; síman.
seámere, es; m. A tailor :-- Seámere sartor. Wrt. Voc. i. 74, 12. Seámere, seámyre, Ælfc. Gr. 30, 2; Zup. 190, 6 note. Seámere burdus (burdus sutor vestiarius), Wrt. Voc. i. 21, 47. Se smiþ secgþ . . . Hwanon seámere (sartori) nǽdl ? nis hit of mínon geweorce ? Coll. Monast. Th. 30. 33.
seámere,, es; m. A beast of burden, a mule: -- Hors equus, hengest caballus, seámere burdus ( = burdo; hic burdo, i. genitum inter equum et asinam, 219, col. l). Wrt. Voc. i. 287, 42-44. Seámere burdus, oxa bova, ii. 11, 61-62. [O. H. Ger. soumari burdo, saumarius, dromedarius: Ger. säumer.]
seámestre, an; f. One who sews, a tailor, sempstress (though the noun is feminine it seems not confined to females, cf. bæcestre) :-- Seámestre sartrix, Wrt. Voc. i. 74, 13. Sarcio . . . of ðam is sartor seámystre (-estre, other MSS. seámere) sartrix heó, Ælfc. Gr. 30, 2; Zup. 190, 6, Hió becweð Eádgyfe áne crencestræn and áne sémestran, óðer hátte Eádgyfu, óðer hátte Æðelyfu, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. vi. 131, 32. Fíf pund Ælffǽhe mín sǽmestres, Chart. Th. 568, 10. [Sadlers, souters, semsteris fyn, Destr. Tr. 1585. Good semsters be sowing . . . good huswifes be mending, Tusser 176, 7.]
seám-hors, es; u. A pack-horse; sagmarius equus, Wrt. Voc. i. 23, 13. [Ger. saum-ross.]
seám-penig, -pending, es; m. A toll of a penny on a load (of salt) :-- Se wægnscilling and se seámpending gonge tó ðæs cyninges handa swá hé ealning dyde æt Saltwíc, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. v. 143, 20. Cf. statio sive inoneratio plaustrorum mentioned in connection with salis coctiones, 125, 31. v. Kemble's Saxons in England, ii. 329.
seám-sadol, es; m. A pack-saddle; sagma, Wrt. Voc. i. 23, 12. [O. H. Ger. soum-satol sagma: Ger. saum-sattel.]
seám-sticea, an; m. Some part of a weaver's apparatus :-- Hé sceal fela tówtóla habban . . . seámsticcan, scearra, nǽdle, Anglia ix. 263, 14.
seár and siére; adj. Sear, dry, withered, barren: -- -- Hit stent on ðam siéran bóchagan; andlang ðes siéran bóchagan, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. v. 70, 32. Seáre sleriles, Germ. 402, 69. [His body wex alle seere, R. Brun. 18, 25. With scere braunches, blossoms ungrene, Chauc. R. R. 4752. Seere or dry, as treys or herbys aridus, Prompt. Parv. 453. O. Du. sore dry; zoor dry, withered, or seare (Hexham): L. Ger. soor dry.] v. seárian.
seárian; p. ode To grow sear, wither, pine away :-- Eorþan indryhto ealdaþ and searaþ, Exon. Th. 311, 9; Seef. 89. His leáf and his blǽda ne fealwiaþ ne ne seáriaþ folium ejus non decidet. Ps. Th. 1, 4, Grénu leáf wexaþ . . . hý eft onginnaþ seárian. Shrn. 168, 22. Hé (Regulus) slápan ne mehte, óþ hé swá seárigende his líf forlét, Ors. 4, 6; Swt. 178, 24. [Prompt. Parv. seeryn̄ or dryyn̄ or welkyn̄, dryyn up areo, aresco: O. H. Ger. ar-sórén emarcescere; un-saorentlíh immarcescibilis.] v. á-, for-seárian.
Searo-burh. Salisbury :-- In ðære stówe ðe is genemned [æt] Searobyrg (-byrig, Searoburh, Sælesberi), Chr. 552; Th. pp. 28, 29. Tó Searebyrig, 1086; Th. 353, 18. To Searbyrig, 1003; Th. pp. 252, 253. [Seresbyrig (Særes-), 1123; Th. 374, 5, 20, 24, 34.]
searu, searo, [w]e; f. : [w]es; n. Device, design, contrivance, art. I. in the following glosses it is uncertain whether the word is used with a good or with a bad meaning :-- Sarwo adventio. Wrt. Voc. ii. 99, 38. Searo molimen, 54, 29. Searwe molimine, 89, 64. Searwe argumenta, 84, 69. Searwum commentis, 14, 82 : 80, 76. Seorwum, 104, 75. Seara machinas, Hpt. Gl. 510, 21. II. in a bad sense, craft, artifice, wile, deceit, stratagem, ambush, treachery, plot :-- Searu factio (cf. fácn factiones, 64; bepǽcunga factione, Hpt. Gl. 474, 26), Wrt. Voc. ii. 33, 81. Gleáwnisse and seare (sceare, Wrt. ) astu, Wrt. Voc. ii. 9, 27. Mid searwe on gewald gedón per proditionem tradere, Ors. 1, 12; Swt. 52, 27. Swíðor beswicen for Alexandres searewe ðonne for his gefeohte non minus arte Alexandri superata, quam virtute Macedonum, 3, 9; Swt. 124, 19. Mid searuwe ácwellan morti tradere, Ps. Th. 108, 16. Ðara feónda searo beswícan and ofercurnan, Blickl. Homl. 201, 29. Searo rénian to lay a snare, 109, 30: Cd. Th. 162, 9; Gen. 2678. Þurh ðæs deófles searo dóm forlǽtan, 39, 27; Gen. 632: Exon. Th. 153, 7; Gú. 822: 227, 6; Ph. 419. Þurh ídel searu, Ps. Th. 138, 17: Elen. Kmbl. 1438; El. 721. Swilt þurh searwe death by treachery, Andr. Kmbl. 2695; An. 1350. Searwa molimina (magorum), Hpt. Gl. 502, 53. Sarwa mendacia, Wrt. Voc. ii. 132, 41. Full fácnes and searuwa plenum dolo, Ps. Th. 9, 27 : Met. 9, 27. In searwum in insidiis. Ps. Surt. 9, 29. Searwum factionibus, Wrt. Voc. ii. 34, 9. Mid sibbe wé cómon næs mid searwum pacifice venimus nec quidquam machinamur mali, Gen. 42, 11. Beswicen mid deófles searwum daemonica fraude seductus, Bd. 5, 13; S. 632, 26. Mid searewan (his searum, MS. C. ) consiliis, Ors. 3, 7; Swt. 112, 18. Searowum beswicene, Andr. Kmbl. 1489; An. 745. Hié þurh seara (per insidias) ofslægene wurdon, Ors. 1, 10; Swt. 44, 28. Ðá funde hé swíðe yfel geþeaht and searwa ymb hira líf contra eorum vitam consilium praebuit, Past. 54, 4; Swt. 423, 15. Gif hwá ofsleá his ðone néhstan þurh searwa, L. Alf. 13; Th. i. 48, 1: Blickl. Homl. 83, 33. Hwylce searwa se drý árefnde what artifices the sorcerer practiced, 173, 8. Nyston ða searwe ðe him sǽton bæftan ignorans quod post tergum laterent insidiae, Jos. 8, 14. III. in a good sense, art, skill, contrivance, (in the adverbial inst. searwum skilfully, ingeniously, with art) :-- Searwum ásǽled, Cd. Th. 207, 21; Exod. 470. Salem stód searwum (or IV?) áfæstnod, weallum geweorðod, 218, 17; Dan. 40. Sadol searwum fáh (cf. searu-fáh), Beo. Th. 2080; B. 1038. Earmbeága fela searwum gesǽled (cf. searu-sǽled), 5521; B. 2764: Exon. Th. 438, 10; Rä. 57, 5 (cf. searu-bunden): 216, 17; Ph. 269. Búr átimbran, searwum ásettan, 411, 27; Rä. 30, 6. IV. that which is contrived with art, a machine, engine, fabric :-- Stæfliðere oððe searu ballista, machina belli. Wrt. Voc. ii. 10, 62. Searu ballisla, catapulta, vel machina belli, 125, 9. Middaneardes wyrhta seares mundi factor machinae, Hymn. Surt. 29, 9. Ic seah searo hweorfan, grindan wið greóte, giellende faran, Exon. Th. 414, 29; ä 33, 3. IV a. armour, equipment, arms :-- Byrnan, gúðsearo gumena, gáras. . . sǽmanna searo, Beo. Th. 663; B. 329. Beran beorht searo, Cd. Th. 191, 23; Exod. 219. Licgeþ lonnum fæst . . . swíðe swingeþ and his searo hringeþ, Salm. Kmbl. 534; Sal. 266. Hringíren song in searwum (coats of mail), Beo. Th. 651; B. 323: 5053; B. 2530. Secg on searwum, 503; B. 249: 5392; B. 2700. Geseah on searwum (among the arms) sigeeadig bil, 3118; 8. 1557. Searwum gearwe equipped, 3631; B. 1813. [Goth. sarwa; n. pl. GREEK : O. H. Ger. saro; gi-sarwi, -sarwa lorica, armatura, arma: Icel. sörvi a necklace; armour., ] v. beadu-, bealu-, fácen-, fǽr-, fyrd-, gúþ-, hláford-, inwit-, láþ-, lyge-, nearu-searu; siru; and cf. or-þanc.
searu-bend; m. f. A cunning, curious clasp or fastening :-- Glóf searobendum fæst, sió wæs orþoncum eall gegyrwed diófles cræftum, Beo. Th. 4179; B. 2086. Cf. orþanc-bend.
searu-bunden; adj. Cunningly fastened, bound with art :-- Wunden gold, sine searobunden, Exon. Th. 437, 7, Rä. 56, 4.
searu-cǽg, e; f. An insidious key :-- Flánþracu feorh onleác searocǽgum gesóht (of the insidious attacks of disease), Exon. Th. 170, 27; Gú. 1118.
searu-ceáp, es; n. An ingenious piece of goods, a curious implement :-- Næfde sellícu wiht folme, exle ne earmas, sceal on ánum fét searoceáp (cf. searo, IV) swífan, Exon. Th. 415, 6; Rä. 33, 7.
searu-céne; adj. Bold in arms or skilfully daring :-- Wæs Dauid æt wíge sóð sigecempa, searocýne man, cásere creaftig, Ps. C. 10. Cf. searu-grim.
searu-cræft, es; m. I. a treacherous art, wile, stratagem, an artifice, a machination, plot :-- Searecræft molimen, Hpt. Gl. 502, 56. Searocræft machinam, Wrt. Voc. ii. 54, 28. Þurh diófles searucræft, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. ii. 304, 26. Þurh searocræft, Andr. Kmbl. 217; An. 109. Searecræftum argumentis, Hpt. Gl. 471, 27: machinamentis, 478, 54. Bepǽht mid ðæs deófles searocræftum, Homl. Th. i. 192, 17: Exon. Th. 136, 13; Gú. 540: 142, 19; Gú. 646. Ealdfeónda níþ searocræftum swíð, 110, 25; Gú. 113. Searecræftas machinas (fraudulentas), Hpt. Gl. 474, 15. Ðe hé ne beswíce þurh his searucræftas (searo-, searæ-), Wulfst. 97, 8. Uton forfleón mán and morþor and searacræftas, 115, 9. Swíðe forsyngod þurh swicdómas and þurh searacræftas, 164, 3. II. art, skill, cunning, a cunning art (in a good sense, v. next word):--Wuldres ealdor gesweotula þurh searocræft ðín sylfes weorc, Exon. Th. 1, 16; Cri. 9. Ða róde mid ðám æðelestum eorcnanstánum besetton searocræftum (cunningly, skilfully, cf. searu, III), Elen. Kmbl. 2049; El. 1026. Ne hí searocræftum godweb giredon, Met. 8, 24. III. an engine, machine (cf. searo, IV):--Stæfliðera ballista, searecræftes machinae, Hpt. Gl. 487, 22.
searu-cræftig; adj. I. skilful, skilled in (with gen.), cunning (in a good sense):--Snottor, searocræftig sáwle rǽdes, Frag. Kmbl. 80; Leás. 42. Sum biþ searocræftig goldes and gimma, Exon. Th. 296, 29; Crä. 58. II. wily, cunning (in a bad sense), 416, 7; Rä. 34, 7.
searu-fáh; adj. Curiously, cunningly coloured (cf. gold-fáh):--Herebyrne síd and searofáh, Beo. Th. 2892; B. 1444.
searu-geþræc, es; n. A store of things in which art is displayed :-- Seón and sécean searogeþræc (the dragon's hoard), wundur under wealle, Beo. Th. 6196; B. 3102 [cf. geþræce apparatu, Wrt. Voc. ii. 85, 72].
searu-gim[m], es; m. A curious gem, precious stone :-- Seærogim topazion, Ps. Spl. T. 118, 127. His égan scinan swá searagyrn, Nar. 43, 15. Searogemme unio, Wrt. Voc. ii. 89, 34. Meregrota oððe gymmas (saragimmas, MS. V.) margaritae, Nar. 37, 29. Stán, searogimma nán (æ-acute;lces cynnes gimmas ne . . ., Bt. 34, 8; Fox 144. 31), Met. 21, 21: Beo. Th. 2318; B. 1157. Ðæt ic æ-acute;rwelan, goldæ-acute;ht ongite, gearo sceáwige sigel, searogimmas (the dragon's hoard), 5491; B. 2749: Exon. Th. 478, 5; Ruin. 36.
searu-grim; adj. Fierce in arms or skilfully fierce, having fierceness accompanied by skill :-- Gif ðín hige wǽre swá searogrim swá ðú self talast if thy spirit had been as cunningly fierce (?) as thyself reckons, Beo. Th. 1192; B. 594. Cf. searu-céne.
searu-hæbbend[e] [one] having armour, armed :-- Slǽpe tóbrugdon searuhæbbende the warriors started from sleep, Andr. Kmbl. 3054; An. 1350. Searohæbbendra, 2934; An. 1470: Beo. Th. 480; B. 237: Exon. Th. 468, 12; Phar. 6.
searu-líc; adj. Ingenious, cunning, clever, displaying art or skill :-- Ðæt (writing being able to convey a message) is wundres dǽl, on sefan searolíc ðam ðe swylc ne conn, Exon. Th. 472, 4; Rá. 61, 11. Sum hafaþ searolíc gomen gleódǽda, 298, 9; Crä. 82. v. next word.
searulíce; adv. Ingeniously, cunningly, cleverly, with art or skill :-- Sum mæg searolíce wordcwide wrítan, Exon. Th. 42, 14; Cri. 672. Is se finta sum splottum searolíce beseted, 218, 19; Ph. 297. Ne hí gimreced setton searolíce, Met. 8, 26.
searu-net[t], es; n. I. an armour-net, or a net ingeniously wrought, a coat of mail :-- On him byrne scán, searonet seowed smiþes orþancum, Beo. Th. 816; B. 406. II. a net of treachery or guile, a net (metaph.), a snare, wile :-- Mé elþeódige inwitwrásne, searonet seóþaþ, Andr. Kmbl. 127; An. 64. Searonettum beseted beset with snares, 1885; An. 945.
searu-níþ, es; m. I. hostility to which effect is given by treachery, crafty enmity :-- Ic ne sóhte searoníþas ne ne swór fela áþa on unriht I had not recourse to the arts of the treacherous foe, nor swore many oaths wrongfully, Beo. Th. 5469; B. 2738: 2405; B. 1200. Swá wæs Biówulfe, ðá hé biorges weard sóhte, searoníþas (the wily hostilities of the dragon, who used poison to destroy his foe, cf. áttorsceaþa, 5670, and is called inwitgest, 5333. Cf. too inwit-níþ), 6126; B. 3067. II. armour-hate (v. searu, IV a), martial strife, the strife of armed men, battle :-- Nó ic wiht fram ðé swylcra searuníþa secgan hýrde, billa brógan, 1168; B. 582.
searu-píl, es; m. An implement with a point :-- Mín heáfod is homere geþuren, searopíla wund, sworfen feóle, Exon. Th. 497, 17; Rä. 87, 2.
searu-rún, e; f. A cunning mystery :-- Searorúna gespon, Exon. Th. 347, 20; Sch. 15.
searu-sǽled; adj. Cunningly tied :-- Nelle ic unbunden ǽnigum hýran, nymþe searosǽled (cf. searu, III, and searu-bunden), Exon. Th. 406, 12; Rä. 24, 16.
searu-þanc, es; m. I. a cunning (in a bad sense) thought, device, artifice, wile :-- Geþeóddum searaþancum adhibitis argumentis, Hpt. Gl. 502, 16. Eác ic gelǽrde Simon searoþoncum, ðæt hé sacan ongon, Exon. Th. 260, 16; Jul. 298. Sume ic mínum hondum searoþoncum (cunningly, craftily) slóg, 272, 4; Jul. 494. Searoþancum beseted beset with snares (v. searu-net), Andr. Kmbl. 2511; An. 1257, II a cunning (in a good sense) thought, skilful device :-- Þurh sefan snyttro, searoþonca hord, Past. pref.; Swt. 9, 10. Saga sóðcwidum, searoþoncum, gleáwwordum wísfæst, hwæt ðis gewǽdu sý, Exon. Th. 418, 3; Rä. 36, 13. Se wítga, snottor searuþancum, Elen. Kmbl. 2377; El. 1190. Georne smeádon, sóhton searoþancum (sagaciously, shrewdly), hwæt sió syn wǽre, 827; El. 414. Se wínsele fæste wæs írenbendum searoþoncum (skilfully, cunningly) besmiþod, Beo. Th. 1554; B. 775. Cf. or-þanc.
searu-þancol; adj. Of cunning thought, cunning, sagacious, wise :-- Searoþoncol mægþ (Judith), Judth. Thw. 23, 28; Jud. 145. Nis ǽnig secg searoþoncol tó ðæs swíðe gleáw, Exon. Th. 14, 16; Cri. 220. Ðe (which) secgas searoþoncle seaxe delfaþ, 427, 26; Rä. 41, 97. Gesǽton searuþancle sundor tó rúne, Andr. Kmbl. 2323; An. 1163. Mon ǽnig searoþoncelra, Judth. Thw. 26, 17; Jud. 331.
searu-wrenc, es; m. A crafty trick, treacherous device :-- Hé hié biddende wæs ðæt hié mid sume searawrence from Xerse áwende, Ors. 2, 5; Swt. 82, 21. v. siru-wrenc.
searu-wundor, es; n. A wonderful thing in implements or engines (v. searu, IV, and cf. searu-píl. The term is applied to Grendel's arm, which had been torn away by Beowulf):--Eode scealc monig searowundor seón, Beo. Th. 1844; B. 920.
searwaþ, L. N. P. L. 40; Th. ii. 296, 10. v. next word.
searwian; p. ode To act with craft or treachery, to feign :-- Hé sarwaþ fingitur, Wrt. Voc. ii. 132, 13. Hió searwaþ insidiatur, Kent. Gl. 191. Gif preóst ordál misfadige, gebéte ðæt. Gif preóst searwaþ be winde, gebéte ðæt if a priest do not conduct an ordeal rightly, let him make 'bót.' If a priest uses deceit in respect to the wrapping up of the hand or arm exposed to the ordeal, let him make 'bót,' L. N. P. L. 39, 40; Th. ii. 296, 9-10. Sine searwade treasure played the traitor (left its possessor (?)), Exon. Th. 353, 62; Reim. 37. Searw[a] ð[ú] insidieris, Kent. Gl. 935. Searwiende machinans, 151. Hé cwæð him tó særwigendum móde (insidiously), Homl. Th. ii. 308, 6. v. sirwan and next word.
searwung, e; f. Treachery, artifice, plot, snare :-- Hé sit mid searwungum sedet in insidiis, Ps. Lamb. 9 second, 8. v. sirwung.
seáþ, es; m. A pit, hole, well, reservoir, lake :-- Seáþ lacus, Ælfc. Gr. 11; Zup. 79, 10: Ps. Spl. 7, 16: 27, 1: Mk. Skt. 12, 1: lacus, lacuna, Wrt. Voc. i. 54, 31: fovea, ii. 150, 10: Ps. Spl. 7, 16: 56, 9: puteus, Bd. 5, 12; S. 628, 16: cisterna, Wrt. Voc. ii. 24, 4: Kent. Gl. 102: barathrum, Hpt. Gl. 422, 50: cloaca, 484, 19: 508, 70. Ðǽr is se seáþ ðæs singalan susles . . . Æfter ðam ðe ðú deád bist, ðonne cymst ðú tó helle . . . and ðín seáþ biþ twegea cubita wíd and feówra lang, Nar. 50, 23-29. On hú grundleásum seáþe on how bottomless a pit, Bt. 3, 2; Fox 6, 8. Ðá wæs ðǽr on óðre sídan ðæs hláwes gedolfen swylce mycel wæterseáþ wǽre. On ðam seáþe ufan Gúþlác him hús getimbrode, Guthl. 4; Gdwin. 26, 8. Danihel læg betwux seofan leónum on ánum seáþe, Homl. Th. i. 488, 5. Héht scúfan scyldigne in drígan seáþ, Elen. Kmbl. 1382; El. 693. In synna seáþ, Exon. Th. 267, 10; Jul. 413. Ðǽr syndon twegen seáþas (lakes) . . . heora wíde is .cc. míla ðæs læssan mílgetales, Nar. 36, 25. [Inne deope seaðen setten þa deade, Laym. 841. O. Frs. sáth: M. H. Ger. sót puteus.] v. adel-, cealc-, fǽr-, helle-, horu-, lám-, sand-, sealt-, wæter-, wulf-seáþ.
seáða, an; m. 'A feeling as if the cavity of the body were full of water swaying about,' Cockayne. The word glosses tendiculum, Wrt. Voc. ii. 77, 3:--Wið seáðan (seádan, 4, 18), Lchdm. ii. 56, 10.
seáw, es; n. Juice, moisture, humour :-- Genim túncersan . . . dó in ða nosu dæt se stenc mǽge on ðæt heáfod and ðæt seáw, Lchdm. ii. 22, 14. Genim cileþoniam seáwes cucler fulne, 28, 2. Ys sǽd ðæt se earn wylle mid ðam seáwe (of wood lettuce) his eágan hreppan and wǽtan, i. 128, 12. Seáw ius, 80, 13: 128, 18. Ðæt seáw sele on cuclere súpan, ii. 120, 19. Gemeng wið huniges seáw mix with pure honey, 30, 7. Feallan lǽtaþ seáw of bósme, wǽtan of wombe, Exon. Th. 385, 20; Rä. 4, 47. Seá sucum, Txts. 182, 83. Cumaþ ða ádla on [of?] yflum seáwum, Lchdm. ii. 176, 5. [Used later of food. With diverse spieces The flesh. . . She taketh and maketh thereof a sewe, Gow. ii. 325, 4, Seew, Wick. Gen. 27, 4. I wol nat tellen of her strange sewes, Chauc. Sq. T. 67. Sew cepulatam, Wülck. Gl. 572, 9: Prompt. Parv. 454. O. H. Ger. sou; n. succus, venenum, alimentum: cf. Icel. söggr dank, wet: saggi; m. moistness.] v. liþ-, plúm-seáw; ge-seáw; adj.
seax, es; n. I. a knife, an instrument for cutting :-- Seax cultellus, Wrt. Voc. i. 287, 3. Seax oððe scyrseax culter, ii. 15, 58. Saex, 105, 69. Ðæt stǽnene sex ðe ðæt cild ymbsnáþ, Homl. Th. i. 98, 10. Seaxes ord, Exon. Th. 472, 6; Rä. 61, 12. Seaxes ecg, 70, 20; Cri. 1141. Sníþ mid seaxse, Lchdm. ii. 56, 7. Ða hét hé him his seax árǽcan tó screádigenne ǽnne æppel, Homl. Th. i. 88, 9. Nim ðæt seax ðe ðæt hæfte sié fealo hrýðeres horn and sién .III. ǽrene næglas on, Lchdm. ii. 290, 22. Sting ðín seax on ða wyrte, 346, 12. Hý begyrde resten and náne sex (seax, MSS. T. F.) be heora sídan næbben cultellos ad latus non habeant, R. Ben. 47, 10. Wirc ðé stǽnene sex fac tibi cultros lapideos, Jos. 5, 2. II. as a weapon, a short sword, dagger :-- Ðǽr gebrægd ðara hǽðenra manna sum his seaxe; ðá hé hine ðá stingan mynte, ðá nyste hé fǽringa hwǽr ðæt seax com, Blickl. Homl. 223, 16. Heó hyre seaxe geteáh, brád, brúnecg, Beo. Th. 3095; B. 1545. Hé (St. Martin) tócearf his basing on emtwá mid sexe, Homl. Th. ii. 500, 26. Geteáh his seax, Blickl. Homl. 215, 6. [O. L. Ger. sahs: O. Frs. sax: O. H. Ger. sahs cultrum, semispathium: Icel. sax a short sword.] v. blód-, ceorf-, hand-, hup-, lǽce-, nægel-, scear-, þeóh-, wæl-seax; and cf. sagu.
Seax- in proper names :-- Sigeferþ Seaxing, Seaxa Sledding (in a list of East Saxon kings), Txts. 179, 23. Cf. Icel. Járn-Saxa = iron-chopper, the name of an ogress in the Edda. Ðá féng tó Eást-Seaxna ríce Swíþhelm Seaxbaldes suna, Bd. 3, 22; S. 553, 42. Ðæs cyninges (Anna of East Anglia) dohter Sexburh, 3, 8; S. 531, 24: Chr. 639; Erl. 27, 6. Hér forþférde Cénwalh (of Wessex), and Seaxburg án geár rícsode his cuén æfter him, 672; Erl. 34, 34. Gesecg Seaxnéting (East Saxon), Txts. 179, 16. Cf. Saxnót in the formula of renunciation. v. Grmm. D. M. 184. Seaxréd (East Saxon), 179, 19. Seaxulf biscop (of Lichfield), Bd. 4, 6; S. 573, 40. Saxulf (Sæx-), Chr. 656; Erl. 30, 2, 10.
Seaxe, Seaxan; pl. The Saxons, (1) in connection with England:--Cómon hí of þrím folcum ðám strangestan Germanie, ðæt [is] of Seaxum and of Angle and of Geátum . . . Of Seaxum, ðæt is of ðam lande ðe mon háteþ Eald-Seaxan, cóman Eást-Seaxan (-Seaxa, -Sexa, Chron. 449) and Súþ-Seaxan (-Sexa, Chron.) and West-Seaxan (-Sexa, Chron.), Bd. 1, 15; S. 483, 20-24. Ðá wǽron Seaxan sécende intingan, S. 483, 36. On Germanie ðanon Engle and Seaxan cumene wǽron, 5, 9; S. 622, 14. Engle and Seaxe, Chr. 937; Erl. 115, 19: Menol. Fox 368; Men. 185. Sexna kyning, 459; Men. 231. Æt Seaxena handa forwurþan, Chr. 605; Erl. 21, 28. Englum and Sexum (Sæxum), 1065; Erl. 196, 30. Ðæt spell ðæt ic áwrát be Angelþeóde and Seaxum, Bd. pref.; S. 471, 10. (2) continental Saxons:--Ðý ilcan geáre gegadrode micel sciphere on Ald-Seaxum, and dǽr wearþ micel gefeoht . . . and ða Seaxan hæfdun sige, Chr. 885; Erl. 84, 8. Ic wæs mid Seaxum, Exon. Th. 322, 12; Víd. 62. [O. H. Ger. Sahsun: Icel. Saxar. For the connection of Seaxe(-an) with Seax, v. Grmm. Gesch. D. S. c. xxiii.] v. Eald- (Ald-), Eást-, Súþ-, West-Seaxe.
Seax-land, es; n. England :-- Com Gúðrum on eástdǽle Sexlandes, Shrn. 16, 4.
sécan, sécean; p. sóhte; pp. sóht To seek. I. (1) to try to find, to look for, make search for :-- Ic séce míne gebróðru fratres meos quaero, Gen. 37, 16. Hwæne sécst ðú? Jn. Skt. 20, 15. Se ðe sécþ, hé hyt fint, Mt. Kmbl. 7, 8. Hwæðer gé willen on wuda sécan gold ðæt reáde? . . . Hit witena nán ðider né séceþ (cf. gé hit ðǽr ne sécaþ, ne finde gé hit nó, Bt. 32, 3; Fox 118, 9), Met. 19, 8. Ðonne gé Drihten sécaþ, ðonne geméte gé hine, gif gé hine mid inweardre heortan séceaþ, Deut. 4, 29. Gé séceaþ (soecas, Lind.) ðone Hǽlynd, Mt. Kmbl. 28, 5. Hé áxode hine, hwæt hé sóhte, Gen. 37, 15. Ðín fæder and ic sárigende ðé sóhton, Lk. Skt. 2, 48. Hí sóhton hyne, Mt. Kmbl. 21, 46: Blickl. Homl. 241, 12. Mannes sunu com sécean (tó soecanne, Lind.) and hál dón ðæt forwearð, Lk. Skt. 19, 10. Sécende God requirens Deum, Ps. Spl. 13, 3. (2) to try to get (the source from which a thing is sought marked by tó):--Ic monnes feorh tó slagan séce (MS. seðe) I will require man's life of the slayer, Cd. Th. 92, 7; Gen. 1525. Ic tó Drihtne séce ðæt ic gód æt him begitan móte quaesivi bona tibi, Ps. Th. 121, 9. Gif ðú ðé tó swá mildum mundbyrd sécest, Exon. Th. 252, 29; Jul. 170. Heó úrne fultum séhþ, Homl. Th. ii. 112, 18. Gumena gehwylcum ðara ðe geóce tó him séceþ, Andr. Kmbl. 2307; An. 1155. Ðǽr is help gearu manna gehwylcum ðam ðe séceþ tó him, 1818; An. 911. Gé hí sécaþ tó fremdum gesceaftum, Bt. 14, 2; Fox 44, 17, 29. Súþ-Seaxna mǽgþ him biscopþéninge séceaþ tó West-Seaxna biscope, Bd. 5, 23; S. 646, 24. Ðæt se án ne ætburste ðe hé sóhte, Homl. Th. i. 82, 13. Hwílum man ceás ða men ðe noldan swician . . . and syððan hit man sóhte be ðám ðe nearwlícast cúðan swician at one time the men were chosen that would not deceive . . . and since they have been looked for among those that could most oppressively deceive, L. I. P. 12; Th. ii. 320, 24. Ús is nédþearf ðæt wé sécan ðone lǽcedóm úre sáuwle, Blickl. Homl. 97, 31. Biddon wé Drihten ðæs leóhtes ðe nǽfre ne geendaþ . . . ðæt leóht wé sceolan sécan, ðæt wé mótan habban mid englum gemǽne, 21, 14. Bearn Godes brýda ongunnon on Caines cynne sécan, Cd. Th. 75, 33; Gen. 1249. Woldon tó dúnscræfum drohtoþ sécan, Andr. Kmbl. 3077; An. 1541. Uton sibbe tó him sécan, Exon. Th. 365, 11; Wal. 87. Seócan, Ps. C. 109. Hwæt elles is tó sécanne wið ðam hungre nymbe andlyfen, Bd. 1, 27; S. 494, 16. Hé gǽþ sécende reste, Mt. Kmbl. 12, 43. Sió ǽ sceal beón sóht on ðæs sacerdes múþe, Past. 15; Swt. 91, 17. (3) to try to attain an end, strive to effect a purpose, aim at, strive after, make something the object of endeavour :-- Ic ne séce mínne willan ac ðæs ðe mé sende, Jn. Skt. 5, 30: 8, 50. Hwæt sécst ðú? 4, 27. León hwelpas sécaþ, ðæt him ǽt God gedéme, Ps. Th. 103, 20. Gif hé ðone dóm ofer hine sóhte if the other tried to get judgment upon him, L. Alf. 49; Th. i. 56, 33. Ðá hálgan ðe on ðyssum lífe náht ne sóhton ne ne gyrndon tó hæbbene, Blickl. Homl. 53, 25. Hí sóhton hine him tó hláforde and tó mundboran they tried to get him to be their lord and protector, Chr. 921; Erl. 107, 29: 922; Erl. 108, 20, 28. Gif ðæt riht tó hefig sý, séce siþþan ða líhtinge tó ðam cynge, L. Edg. ii. 2; Th. i. 266, 11. (4) to try to find out by investigation or examination:--Hwylc séceþ ðæt ðe sóðfæst byþ veritatem quis requiret? Ps. Th. 60, 6. Sóhte synnum fáh, hú hé sárlícast meahte feorhcwale findan . . . Feónd hine gelǽrde, Exon. Th. 276, 24; Jul. 571. Georne smeádon, sóhton searoþancum, hwæt sió syn wǽre, Elen. Kmbl. 827; El. 414. Ongan on sefan sécean sóðfæstnesse weg tó wuldre, 2295; El. 1149. Ic ðíne gewitnesse wylle sécan testimonia tua exquisivi, Ps. Th. 118, 22. Lǽcedóm sǽcan medicamentum explorare, Bd. 1, 27; S. 494, 18. Hwílum beóþ ða wǽtan on ðære wambe filmenum, ðonne sceal mon ðæt wíslíce sécean, Lchdm. ii. 222, 24. (5) to try to learn by asking, to ask :-- Ða mé cunnon andsware cýðan tácna gehwylces ðe ic him tó séce, Elen. Kmbl. 638; El. 319. Ðá cwæð Maria tó ðæm engle: Hwæt is ðín nama? Ðá cwæð se engel tó hire: Hwæt sécestú mínne naman? Blickl. Homl. 137, 29. Hé ðá Drihtnes willan sóhte he tried to learn what was the will of the Lord, 225, 30. Wíslíce gé dyde, ðætte mannum bedígled wæs on eorþan, ðæt gé ðæt on heofenas tó Gode sóhtan, 201, 2. Tó sécenne, 205, 27. Ic wát ðæt hió wile sécan (ask. Cf. Ðá seó cwén ongan fricggan, 1116; El. 560) be ðam sigebeáme, Elen. Kmbl. 840; El. 420. II. to go or come to :-- Oft sécende frequentantem, Wrt. Voc. ii. 34, 18. (1) to seek a person, to visit (cf. Ger. be-suchen):--Ðǽr beóþ gegearwoda Godes mildheortnessa ðǽm mannum ðe ða líchoman séceaþ þurh heora gebedo, Blickl. Homl. 193, 21. Ða ðe æfter deáþe Dryhten sécaþ, Andr. Kmbl. 1200; An. 600. Ðá hé ðone cyningc sóhte when he visited the king, Ors. 1, 1; Swt. 18, 10. Sárge gé ne sóhton ye did not visit the afflicted, Exon. Th. 92, 19; Cri. 1511. Hig ðæs wyrðe wǽron ðæt Godes englas hig sóhton, L. E. I. 25; Th. ii. 422, 15. Séc nú ðínne þeów, Blickl. Homl. 87, 31. Hider ic wille ðæt wé sécan Sc̃e Petre, Chr. 656; Erl. 31, 32. Satan ic sécan wille, Cd. Th. 47, 15; Gen. 761. Gewít ðú ðínne eft waldend sécan go back again to your master, 138, 17; Gen. 2293: Andr. Kmbl. 1886; An. 945. (1 a) to seek a person for protection, to take refuge with a person. v. sócn, VI. 2:--Gif hwilc þeóf oððe reáfere gesóhte ðone cing . . . hé hæbbe nigon nihta fyrst. And gif hé ealderman oððe abbud oððe þegen séce, hæbbe þreora nihta fyrst, L. Ath. iv. 4; Th. i. 222, 28. (2) to seek a place, to visit, resort to :-- Hé (the phenix) sunbeorht gesetu séceþ, Exon. Th. 217, 11; Ph. 278. Ða men ðe ðyder cóman and ða hálgan stówe sóhton, Blickl. Homl. 125, 28: 201, 11. Hí syððan gewunelíce ðider sóhton they afterwards resorted thither, Homl. Th. i. 504, 6. Séce man hundredgemót, L. Edg. ii. 5; Th. i. 268, 2. Ðæt ðeós onlícnes eorþan séce fall to earth, Andr. Kmbl. 1462; An. 731. Ðeáh heorot holtwudu séce, Beo. Th. 2743; B. 1369. Ðæt hí secggan ðæm folce ðæt hí sunnandagum Godes cyrican georne sécan, Blickl. Homl. 47, 28: L. C. E. 2; Th. i. 358, 14. Gif hié ǽnigne feld sécan wolden if they should attempt to come into the open country, Chr. 894; Erl. 90, 11. Gewitan him Norþmen Difelin sécan, 937; Erl. 115, 4. Ðonne sculon hié ðás helle sécan, Cd. Th. 26, 14; Gen. 406: 136, 30; Gen. 2266. Óðerne éðel sécan, Blickl. Homl. 23, 6. Mere sécan to go to sea, Exon. Th. 474, 5; Bo. 25. (3) to seek immaterial things, to go to war, resort to artifice, etc.:--Ic ne sóhte searoníþas, ne ne swór fela áþa on unriht, Beo. Th. 5469; B. 2738. Se wuldres dǽl sigorleán sóhte the soul has gone to its reward, Exon. Th. 184, 14; Gú. 1344. Se rinc sóhte óðer líf, Cd. Th. 98, 9; Gen. 1627. Hí clǽnsunge bæþes sóhton, Bd. 1, 27; S. 495, 16. Hié noldan leng heora hláforda ne heora wera ræstgemánan sécean, Blickl. Homl. 173, 16. Ðá ðú gehogodest sæcce sécean, Beo. Th. 3982; B. 1989: 5117; B. 2562. Fǽhþe sécan, 5020; B. 2513. III. to seek with hostile intent (as in to seek a person's life), to try to get at, to go to attack :-- Mé fyrenfulle fǽcne séceaþ, wyllaþ mé lífes ásécean me expectaverunt peccatores, ut perderent me, Ps. Th. 118, 95. Him (hié, hí other MSS.) mon mid óðrum floccum sóhte, Chr. 894; Erl. 90, 14. Hié micle fierd gegadrodon and ðone here sóhton æt Eoforwícceastre, 867; Erl. 72, 13. Ða ðe míne fýnd wǽron, and míne sáwle sóhton mid níðe, Ps. Th. 69, 2: 85, 13: Mt. Kmbl. 2, 20. Hié alle from him ondrédon, ðæt hí hié mid gefeohte sóhte, Ors. 1, 10; Swt. 48, 17. Sécan míne fýnd míne sáwle persequatur inimicus animam méam, Ps. Th. 7, 5. Ðá hié gewin drugon, and on healfa gehwone heáwan þohton, sáwle sécan, Beo. Th. 1606; B. 801. Sécean sáwle hord, sundur gedǽlan líf wið líce, 4835; B. 2422. [Goth. sókjan: O. Frs. séka: O. Sax. sókian: O. L. Ger. suocan: O. H. Ger. suohhan quaerere, petere, exquirere, arcessire, appetere, invisere: Icel. sœkja to seek, fetch; to visit, frequent; to prosecute (a suit); to attack.] v. á-, for-, ge-, geond-, ofer-, on-, under-sécan.
secg, es; m. n. Sedge; carex, gladiolum, lisca:--Ðis secg (segc) haec carex, Ælfc. Gr. 9, 61; Zup. 69, 16. Segg, secg, saecg gladiolum, Txts. 66, 463. Sech carex, 50, 251. Seic, 115, 151. Secg, Wrt. Voc. ii. 13, 28. Segc, i. 79, 65. Segg, 67, 3. Secg gladiolum, ii. 40, 70. Segc, 70, 29. Secgg, i. 67, 55. Secg lisca, ii. 53, 45: carex vel sabium vel lisca) i. 31, 28. Endlefan snǽda reádes secges, Lchdm, ii. 102, 17. Handfulle secges, 356, 1. Wyl neoþoweardne secg, 52, 16: 66, 5. [Eolug-secg papyrus, Wrt. Voc. ii. 67, 58. Ilug-segg, Txts. 86, 781. See also eolhx, hamer-, mór-secgr Grein cites risc-seccas carices.] Cf. secg a sword.
secg, es; m. A man (used only in poetry) :--Secg oððe meówle man or maid, Exon. Th. 387, 15; Rä. 5, 5. Nis ǽnig eorl under lyfte, secg searoþoncol, 14, 16; Cri. 220. Se beorn, séfteádig secg, 309, 12; Seef. 56. Secg, lagucræftig mon, Beo. Th. 422; B. 208. Swylc sceolde secg wesan, þegen æt þearfe, 5410; B. 2708. Beówulf, sigoreádig secg, 2626; B. 1311. Ðǽr læg secg mænig, guma norþerna, Chr. 937; Erl. 112, 17. Secgas and gesíþas fóron tó gefeohte, Judth. Thw. 24, 22; Jud. 201. Seccas, Cd. Th. 124, 23; Gen. 2067. Wǽron æscwýgan, secggas ymb sigecwén síðes gefýsde. Elen. Kmbl. 519; El. 260. Rómware, secgas sigerófe, 93; El. 47. Ðá ic sǽbát gesæt mid mínra secga gedriht, Beo. Th. 1271; B. 633. [Laym. seg, sæg; pl. segges : Piers P. segge : O. Sax. segg : Icel. seggr (poet.).] v. ambyht-, ǽrend-, selesecg.
secg, es; m. The sea :--Salum seeg (secg ?) vel mare, Txts. 95, 1786. Segg, seg salum, 98, 966. Segc, Wrt. Voc. i. 289, 37. v. gár-secg.
secg, e; f. A sword :-- Wit sculon secge ofersettan, gif hé gesécean dear wíg ofer wǽpen, Beo. Th. 1372; B. 684. Secgum ofslegene, Cd. Th. 120, 27; Gen. 2001. [Cf. Icel. ben-sægr as a name for the sword.] Cf. secg sedge, and sagu; and see secg-hwæt, -plega.
secga, an; m. One who says or tells, an informant :-- Ne ic nán sóðre wát, búte swá mín secga mé sǽde, L. O. 4; Th. i. 180, 12. [Þer weore segge (or from seg a man (?). The other MS. has gleomenne) songe, Laym. 5109. Cf. O. Sax. O. H. Ger. sago : O. Frs. sega, in compounds.]
secgan, secgean, secggan, secggean, sæcgan; p. sægde, sǽde; pp. sægd, sǽd. [Forms as from an infin. sagian--sagast, sagaþ; p. sagode; imp. saga, are given here.] To say (of written or spoken words). I. to say certain words, the words used being given :--Hé segþ : Gé ne mágon cuman ðyder ic fare, Jn. Skt. 8, 22. Gif hwá segþ, corban, Mk. Skt. 7, 11. Sege folce : Ðis sind ða dagas, Lev. 23, 2. Secgaþ ðæs húses hláforde : Úre láreów secgþ : Hwár is mín gysthús, Mk. Skt. 14, 14. Hwæðer is éðre tó secgenne tó ðam laman: 'Ðé synd ðíne synna forgyfene,' hwæðer ðe cweðan : 'Árís, nim ðín bed, and gá, Mk. Skt. 2, 9. Wé gehýrdon hine secgan : Ic tówurpe ðis tempel, 14, 58. I a. of words, to mean :--Cantica canticorum, ðæt segþ on Englisc ealra sanga fyrmest, Ælfc. T. Grn. 7, 42. II. with acc. (1) where the object denotes a collection of words, a story, poem, regulation, etc., to tell a tale, recite a poem, pronounce, deliver :-- Ic bí mé secge ðis sárspell, Exon. Th. 458, 6; Hy. 4, 96. Ðonne ic ðé ǽfenlác secge, Ps. Th. 140, 3. Ðás word ðe ðú mé sagast, Exon. Th. 247, 26; Jul. 84. Ðú worn fela ymb Brecan sprǽce, sægdest from his síðe, Beo. Th. 1068; B. 532. Ðá sǽde hé him sum bigspel, Lk. Skt. 12, 16. Se magorǽswa mǽgþe sínre dómas sægde (cf. O. Sax. éo-sago : O. Frs. á-sega : Icel. segja lög; lögsögu-maðr), Cd. Th. 98, 4; Gen. 1625, Éce rǽdas Moyses sægde, 210, 17; Exod. 516. Sægde eorlum Abimeleh waldendes word, 161, 19; Gen. 2667. Wordum sægde Lameh unárlíc spel, 66, 27; Gen. 1090. Wé lofsonga word sǽdon, 274, 18; Sat. 156. Ábeód eft ongeán, sege ðínum leódum miccle láþre spell, Byrht. Th. 133, 14; By. 50. Náne gewitnesse æfter him ne saga ðú, L. Alf. 40; Th. i. 54, 5. His naman secgeaþ mid sealmum. Ps. Th. 65, 1. Secgan spell, Bt. 13; Fox 36, 31 : 30, 1; Fox 106, 30. Andsware secgan to return answer, Elen. Kmbl. 752; El. 376 : 1131; El. 567. Sang secgan to sing a song, Cd. Th. 279, 10; Sat. 235. Naman sæcgean, Ps. Th. 141, 8. Ðonne wé gehýron Godes béc reccean and rǽdan, and godspell seccgean, Blickl. Homl. 111, 17. Hié forgytaþ ðæt hié hwéne ǽr gehýrdon reccean and secggan, 55, 28. Hwæt sceal ic má secgean fram Sancte Iohanne ? 169, 24. Ðæt him ǽr of ðæs l;áreówes múþe wæs bodad and sægd, 55, 31 : 69, 19. Byþ sægd nama Drihtnes ut annuntient nomen Domini, Ps. Th. 101, 19. ¶ where the object is included in a genitive :--Ðæs ðú mé wylle wordum secgean from what you tell me. Cd. Th. 162, 2; Gen. 2675. (1 a) where the written form of a word is referred to :--Ic mæg þurh rúnstafas secgan naman ðara wihta, Exon. Th. 429, 18; Rä. 43, 6. (2) where the object denotes that which is spoken about, to speak of, tell, relate, narrate, declare, announce, give an account of something :--Ic ðé orlæg secge I will tell thee thy fate, Cd. Th. 262, 19; Dan. 746. Ic Gode líf mín secge vitam meam nuntiavi tibi, Ps. Th. 55, 7. Ic míne earfeþu sæcge tribulationem meam pronuntio, 141, 2 : 54, 17. Ðú sagast lífceare, Cd. Th. 54, 17; Gen. 878. Ðis gewrit oððe hit gód sagaþ be gódum mannum, oððe hit yfel sagaþ be yfelum mannum sive historia de bonis bona referat . . . seu mala commemoret de pravis, Bd. pref.; S. 471, 14. Mín múþ sægeþ (pronuntiabit) ðíne mægenspéde, Ps. Th. 70, 14. Hí secgeaþ (narrabunt) eall ðín wundur, 144, 5. Gé scyldigra synne secgaþ, Exon. Th. 132, 23; Gú. 477. Néh ðæm clife ðe ic ǽr sǽde that I spoke of before, Ors. 1, 1; Swt. 12, 30. Heó sǽde him eall ðæt riht, Mk. Skt. 5, 33. Hǽlend his þegnum sǽde his þrowunga, Blickl. Homl. 15, 33. Sagode refert, Germ. 396, 10. Hé síðfæt sægde, Cd. Th. 256, 31; Dan. 649. Hit forhæfed gewearð, ðætte hié sǽdon swefn cyninges, 225, 2; Dan. 148. Bodan þurh hleóþorcwide hyrdum cýðdon, sægdon sóðne gefeán, Exon. Th. 28, 23; Cri. 451. Ic ðé háte, ðæt ðú ðás gesyhþe secge mannum, Rood Kmbl. 190; Kr. 96. Ne wé wítegan habbaþ, ðæt ús andgytes má secgen, Ps. Th. 73, 9. Hí ðíne mihte sæcgeon potentiam tuam pronuntiabunt, 144, 4. Ic ðé secgan wille or and ende. Andr. Kmbl. 1296; An. 648. Hé secgan ongan swefnes wóman, Cd. Th. 249, 32; Dan. 539. Ðæt ðú hellwarum hyht ne ábeóde, ah ðú him secgan miht sorga mǽste, 308, 21; Sat. 696. Nó ic wiht fram ðé swylcra searuníþa secgan hýrde, billa brógan, Beo. Th. 1169; B. 582. Ðara árfæstra dǽda sume gehýran sæcgan, Blickl. Homl. 213, 26. Wé gehýraþ oft secggan worldrícra manna deáþ, 107, 29. Ne his snytru mæg secgean ǽnig, Ps. Th. 146, 5. HÍ sculon his weorc sæcgean annuntient opera ejus, 106, 21, (3) to express in words feelings of gratitude, admiration, etc., to give thanks, glory, etc., to a person (cf. Ger. Dank sagen) :--Ic ðara frætwa þanc wuldurcyninge wordum secge, Beo. Th. 5583; B. 2795. Wé ðé wuldur sæcgeaþ, Ps. Th. 78, 14. Hé sægde him ðæs leánes þanc, Beo. Th. 3623; B. 1809. Secggan wé him þanc ealra his miltsa, Blickl. Homl. 103, 25. Þancas secggan, 115, 22. Ðæm Scyppende lof and wuldor secgean ðara ára, 123, 4. Lof secgan Dryhtne, Andr. Kmbl. 2011; An. 1008 : Exon. Th. 138, 34; Gú. 586. Ðæs wé ealles sculon secgan þonc and lof, 38, 25; Cri. 612. Hé for his hǽlo Drihtne þanc secgende wæs pro sua sanitate Domino gratias referens, Bd. 4, 31; S. 610, 38. (4) where the object is a pronoun referring to a clause :-- 'Eart ðú Iudéa cining ?' Ðá andswarude hé : 'Ðú hit segst,' Lk. Skt. 23, 3. Saga mé ðæt, for hwon sécest ðú sceade, Cd. Th. 54, 6; Gen. 873. Gif ðú wille mildheortnesse ús dón, sæge ús ðæt hrædlíce, Blickl. Homl. 233, 19. Dryhten micellíce dyde; seggaþ ðis in alre eorþan, Ps. Surt. ii. p. 184, 15. Ic ðæt londbúend secgan hýrde, ðæt hié gesáwon . . ., Beo. Th. 2697; B. 1346. Ðæt (all that had been seen and heard) mancynne bodian and secgan, Blickl. Homl. 121, 4. Is ðæt sægd, ðæt . . ., Bd. 3, 2; S. 524, 16. (5) where the verb is of incomplete predication, to declare a person or thing so and so :--Ic secge hine máran ðonne ǽnigne wítgan, Blickl. Homl. 165, 3. Se hæfde mægen ofer ealle gesceafta ðe hé tówearde sægde, 9, 16. Óðer him ðás eorþan ealle sægde lǽne, Exon. Th. 109, 15; Gú. 90. Hí ðone clǽnan sacerd sægdon tóweard, 9, 20; Cri. 137. Ða hálgan hine tóweardne sægdon, Blickl. Homl. 81, 31. Hié hine scyldigne sægdon, 173, 33. Hié sægdon hine sundorwísne, Elen. Kmbl. 1172; El. 588. III. with gen. :--Swá se secghwata secggende wæs láðra spella, Beo. Th. 6049; B. 3028. IV. where the object is a clause, to say, tell :-- Ic secge ðé, ðæt ðú eart Petrus, Mt. Kmbl. 16, 18. Nú segþ ús seó bóc, ðæt God áfédde ðone here, Ælfc. T. Grn. 5, 32. Seó bóc segþ, hú hé férde, 6, 5. Heó mé sagaþ, ðæt . . ., Exon. Th. 246, 30; Jul. 69. Swá Arculfus sagaþ, ðæt hé gesáwe . . ., Shrn. 95, 31. Ðæs is tó tácne, sæcgeaþ men, ðæt oft .XL. manna . . . ðæt hí hí be handum nóman and of sǽs ófre út feóllan, Bd. 4, 13; S. 582, 30. Ic wordum sægde, ðæt Sarra mín sweostor wǽre, Cd. Th. 163, 25; Gen. 2703. Sæge Adame, hwilce ðú gesihþe hæfst, 38, 35; Gen. 617. Saga mé, hwylces cynnes ðú sí, Bd. 1, 7; S. 477, 26. Secgaþ mé, hwæt git gesáwon. Gen. 40, 8. Secgge Petrus, hwæt ic þence, Blickl. Homl. 181, 8. Ic eów bidde, ðæt gé mé secgan, hwylce gemete gé cóman ealle samod tó mé, 143, 20. Ðæt hí secggan, ðæt . . . 47, 26. Secgan, hú him æt ǽte speów, Beo. Th. 6044; B. 3026 : Exon. Th. 437, 31; Rä. 56, 16. Be songe secgan, hwǽr ic sélast wisse goldhrodene cwén, 324, 26; Víd. 100. Seggan, ðæt ic gesǽlig mon wǽre, Bt. 2; Fox 4, 13. Secgian hwæðer wǽre twegra strengra, Salm. Kmbl. 851. Micel is tó secgan, ðæt hé ádreág, Exon. Th. 134, 4; Gú. 502. Long is tó secganne, hú . . ., 421, 23; Rä. 40, 22 : Andr. Kmbl. 2961; An. 1483. Swá hit is nú hræðost tó secganne be eallum ðǽm woruldgesǽlþum . . . ðæt ðǽr nán wuht on nis ðæs tó wilnianne seó postremo idem de tota concludere fortuna licet, in qua nihil expetendum, Bt. 16, 3; Fox 56, 29. Ðæt is nú hraðost tó secganne, ðæt ic wilnode weorþfullíce tó libbanne ða hwíle ðe ic lifede, 17; Fox 60, 14. Sægd is, ðæt . . ., Blickl. Homl. 61, 16. Se wæs sǽd ðæt his bróðor wǽre Oswíes sunu qui frater ejus et filius Oswiu esse dicebatur, Bd. 4, 26; S. 603, 7. V. where the verb is used impersonally (cf. Icel. segir it is told) :--Hit segþ on bócum, ðæt . . ., Wulfst. 146, 16. Swá hit hýrefter segeþ, L. Wih. pref.; Th. i. 36, 13. Hí écton ða ǽ ðyssum dómum ðe hýrefter sægeþ, L. H. E. pref.; Th. i. 26, 7. Hér segþ, hú se æþela wæs sprecende, Blickl. Homl. 55, 3. Gehýraþ hwæt hér segþ on ðissum bócum be Sancta Marian, 137, 20. Segeþ ðǽron, ðæt sum ríce man wǽre on ðære burh, 197, 27. Sægþ on ðissum bócum, ðæt . . ., 41, 3. Hér sægþ be ðisse tíde árwyrþnesse, hú Drihten hine selfne geeaþmédde, 65, 29. [Hér] sagaþ, ðæt Idpartus ðam cásere hǽlo bodade, Lchdm. i. 326, 1. VI. where the verb is used absolutely (secgan be, fram, ymbe to speak of) :--Swá swá ic nú æt feáwum wordum secge, Bd. 3, 17; S. 545, 14. Swá swá seó bóc sagaþ, 3, 19; S. 547, 32. Swá wé eft secgeaþ, 3, 21; S. 551, 31. Tó ðǽm gesǽlþum, ðe wé secgaþ ymb, Met. 21, 4. Swá ic ǽr sǽde, Chr. 894; Erl. 92, 6. Mé lyste bet, ðæt ðú mé sǽdest sume hwíle ymbe ðæt, Bt. 34, 6; Fox 142, 12. Gehéraþ hú Lucas sægde be ðisse tíde, Blickl. Homl. 15, 4. Heáhfæderas sægdon and cýðdon, sealmsceopas sungon and sægdon, 105, 9-10. 'Ic hæbbe ðé tó secgenne sum þing.' Ðá cwæð hé : 'Láreów sege ðænne,' Lk. Skt. 7, 40. Saga mé from ðam lande, Salm. Kmbl. 418; Sal. 209. Ðú ðone mángengan mé helan woldest, swýðor ðonne mínum þegnum secgean, Bd. 1, 7; S. 477, 20. Hwylcumhwego wordum secgan be ðære árwyrþnesse ðisse hálgan tíde. Blickl. Homl. 115, 29. Secggean, 211, 12. Wé nú gehýrdon of hwylcumhugu dæ-acute;le secggan be ðæ-acute;m eádmódnessum, 103, 18. VII. secgan on (with acc., dat.) to ascribe to a person, lay to the charge of, accuse of, attribute to :-- Ne mæg se scrift geseón on ðære sáwle, hwæðer him mon sóð ðe lyge sagaþ on hine sylfne, Exon. Th. 80, 16; Cri. 1308. Ðæs hé sceal fægnian, ðæt hí him sóð on secggaþ, Bt. 30, 1; Fox 108, 10. Ne andwyrtst ðú nán þing ongén ða ðe ðiss ðé on secgeaþ nihil respondes ad ea, quae isti adversum te testificantur ? Mt. Kmbl. 26, 62. Hí wróhta and yfel on sægdon, Bd. 3, 19; S. 548, 35. Wæs kýðed ðæt his wrégend leáse wið hine syredon and on sægdon probatum est accusatores ejus falsas contra eum machinasse calumnias, 5, 19; S. 640, 14. Gif æ-acute;nig mann óðerne wrége and him hwilcne gilt on secge si steterit testis mendax contra hominem, accusans eum praevarica-tionis, Deut. 19, 16. Gif ðé mon sóð on secge. Prov. Kmbl. 70. Gif man secge on landesmann, ðæt hé orf stæ-acute;le, L. Eth. ii. 7; Th. i. 288, 7. Ðæm gielpnan biþ leófre ðæt hé secge on hine selfne gif hé hwæt gódes wát ge þeáh hé nyte hwæt hé sóðes secge him is leófre ðæt hé leóge eligit arrogans bona de se vel falsa jactari, Past. 33, 2; Swt. 217, 14. Hwæt gódes mágan wé secgan on ða flæ-acute;sclícan unþeáwas quid de corporis voluptatibus loquar ? Bt. 31, 1; Fox 110, 24. Geunsóðian ðæt him man on secgan wolde to disprove what a man would charge him with, L. Edg. ii. 4; Th. i. 266, 4. Ne mót nán mann secgan on hine sylfne ðæs ðe hé wyrcende næs, Homl. Skt. i. 12, 177. Ic nelle secgan unsóð on mé sylfe, 195. [O. Frs. sega, sedsa : O. Sax. seggian : O. H. Ger. sagén : Icel. segja, seggja.] v. á-, be-, for-, ge-, on-, sóþ-secgan.
secge, an; f. Speaking, speech :-- Mé náwðer deág secge ne swíge neither speech nor silence will avail me, Exon. Th. 12, 23; Cri. 190. Cf. secga.
secgend, es; m. A speaker, relater, narrator :-- Nǽnig tweógende secgend mé ðis sǽde non quilibet dubius relator hoc mihi narravit, Bd. 3, 15; S. 542, 7. Sió leásung simle deret ðǽm secggendum. Past. 35, 1; Swt. 237, 10. [Icel. segendr, seggendr; pl. sayers, reporters.]
secg-gescére (?) sedge-shears (?), a name of the grasshopper :--Secg-gescére vel háman cicad[ae], Txts. 51, 464. v. sceár.
secg-hwæt; adj. Vigorous or bold in using the sword :-- Se secghwata, Beo. Th. 6048; B. 3028.
secgihtig; adj. Sedgy, full of sedge or reeds :-- Secgihtig vel hreódihtig carecta, loca caricis plena, spinacurium, Wrt. Voc. ii. 129, 14.
secg-leác, es; n. Chive garlic, rush garlic, rush leek (v. E. D. S. Pub. Plant Names); allium schoenoprasum, Lchdm. ii. 128, 11 : iii. 28, 11.
secg-plega, an; m. Sword-play, battle :-- Æt ðam secgplegan, Andr. Kmbl. 2705; An. 1355. Cf. sweord-plega.
secg-róf a host of men (?) :--Cwóman wóldagas swylt eall fornom secgróf wera death carried off the host of men, Exon. Th. 477, 20; Ruin. 27. [Cf. O. H. Ger. ruaba; f. numerus : Icel. segg-fjöld a host of men; and rinc-getæl, folc-getæl.]
secg-sceára, -scára (-scara ?), an; m. A corn-crake or a quail :-- Secg-scára ortigometra (cf. erschen ortigomera, ii. 63, 53 : edischen, 115, 67), Wrt. Voc. i. 63, 21. v. E. D. S. Pub. Names of Birds, p. 177, where bean crake, grass drake, meadow drake, gorse duck are given as names of the corn-crake. [Cf. (?) Icel. skári a sea-mew.]
sécness, e; f. Seeking, visiting, visitation :-- Tíde soecnisse (sócnises, Lind.) tempus visitationis, Lk. Skt. Rush. 19, 44.
sédan to satisfy [:--Ásoedan satiare, Wrt. Voc. ii. 119, 68. Gesédeþ (-sedeþ ? v. next word : but cf. Goth. ga-sóþjan) satiavit, Ps. Th. 106, 4.]
seddan to satisfy. v. un-ásedd; sadian.
séde, sédege to sow, Mt. Kmbl. Lind. 13, 3. v. sǽdian.
seding-líne, sedl. v. steding-líne, setl.
Sedlingas (?) Ethiopians :-- Sedlingum (Rédlingum ?) Aethiopia, Ps. Spl. T. 67, 34.
see, seeg. v. seón, secg the sea.
sefa, an; m. Understanding, mind, heart :-- Sefa sensus (cf. gewit sensus, 42, 35), Wrt. Voc. i. 64, 17 : 282, 27. Sefa nearwode (of Noah when drunk), Cd. Th. 94, 32; Gen. 1570. Him (Nebuchadnezzar on recovery from his madness) in gást becwom rǽdfæst sefa, 257, 2; Dan. 652. Næs him hreó sefa, Beo. Th. 4367; B. 2180. Gif ðín hige wǽre, sefa swá searogrim, swá ðú self talast, 1192; B. 594. Him wæs leóht sefa, hyge untyddre, Andr. Kmbl. 2504; An. 1253 : Exon. Th. 164, 33; Gú. 1021. Geómor sefa, mód morgenseóc, 458, 3; Hy. 4, 94 : Beo. Th. 98; B. 49. Leóht sefa, ferhþ gefeónde, Elen. Kmbl. 346; El. 173. Weá biþ in móde, siofa synnum fáh, Frag. Kmbl. 28; Leás. 16. Módcræfte séc þurh sefan snyttro, Exon. Th. 28, 5; Cri. 442. Sécan sefan gehygdum, Cd. Th. 219, 4; Dan. 49. Sefan sídne geþanc, 249, 26; Dan. 536. Sefan (seofan, MS. A.) snytro, Salm. Kmbl. 133; Sal. 66. On sefan (ondgete, Ps. Surt. 77, 72) in sensu, Blickl. Gl. Hié ðam Hálgan Gáste onféngon on heora sefan, Blickl. Homl. 137, 6. On wérigum sefan, Exon. Th. 74, 18; Cri. 1208. On mildum sefan, 83, 6; Cri. 1352. On sídum sefan, 169, 17; Gú. 1096. On sárgum sefan, 183, 20; Gú. 1330. Tó ontýnenne míne sefan, Nar. 40, 30. Ic heom ábleonde hera sefan, 45, 7. Þurh rúmne sefan rǽd gelǽran, Beo. Th. 561; B. 278. Begém úrum sefum intende nostris sensibus, Hymn. Surt. 22, 3. Úrum sefum leóht gearce nostris sensibus lumen prebe, 53, 22. v. breóst-, ferhþ- (firhþ-, fyrhþ-), mód-, wís-sefa.
séferlice, séfian, séfre. v. sýferlíce, seófian, sýfre.
séfte; adj. Soft :--Delicatus, i. tenerus, querulus, amoenus unbrocheard vel séfta, Wrt. Voc. ii. 139, 40. I. of persons, gentle, mild, not stern :-- Drihten is swýðe séfte suavis est Dominus, Ps. Th. 33, 8. Weorð úrum synnum séfte and milde propitius esto peccatis nostris, 78, 9. II. of medicine, mild, not strong :-- Ðæt is, for hwí se góda lǽce selle ðam hálum men séftne drenc and swétne, and óðrum hálum biterne and strangne, Bt. 39, 9; Fox 226, 11. III. of rest, sleep, undisturbed, untroubled :-- Ðú eart seó séfte ræst sóðfæstra, Bt. 33, 4; Fox 132, 34. IV. easy, comfortable, pleasant, without pain or discomfort :-- Rád byþ on recyde rinca gehwylcum séfte, Runic pm. Kmbl. 340, 13; Rún. 5. Dóþ síðfæt séftne and rihtne, Ps. Th. 67, 4. Ful séfte seld, ðæt hí sǽton on, 88, 3. Hé his líchoman forwyrnde séftra setla and symbeldaga, Exon. Th. 111, 33; Gú. 136. Sélre mé wæs and séftre, Ps. Th. 118, 71. Ðone deáþ hé him gedéþ séftran ðonne óðrum monnum, Bt. 39, 10; Fox 228, 10. IVa. in a bad sense, luxurious, voluptuous, effeminate :-- Ðý ne sceolde nán wís man wilnian séftes lífes gif hé ǽnigra cræfta récþ neque enim vos in provectu positi virtutis, diffluere deliciis, et emarcescere voluptate venistis, Bt. 40, 3; Fox 238, 13. [O. H. Ger. semfti.] v. ge-séfte; sófte.
séft-eádig (?); adj. In easy circumstances, free from hardships :-- Se beorn ne wát, eft eádig (séfteádig, Grein) secg, hwæt ða sume dreógaþ, ðe ða wræclástas wídost lecgaþ, Exon. Th. 309, 12; Seef. 56.
séftness, e; f. Quiet, repose, freedom from disturbance :-- Hié woldon hiera dagas on séftnesse geendian ut in privato otio consenescerent, Ors. 6, 30; Swt. 280, 22. Hí gewurdon on ðære séftnysse (of the seven sleepers), Homl. Skt. i. 23, 261.
segc, segel, -segel a seal, segen a saying, segen a sign, segl sun. v. secg, segl, in-segel, sægen, segn, sigel.
segl, swegel, segel, es; m. n. I. a sail :-- Segl artemon, Wrt. Voc. ii. 7, 24. Segl velum, se mǽsta segl acateon, se medemesta segl epidromas, se lesta segl dalum, i. 56, 48-53. Segel velum, lytel segel dalum, 48, 22, 23. Ðes segl hic carbasus, ðás seglu haec carbasa, Ælfc. Gr. 13; Zup. 86, 3. Ðá wæs be mæste merehrægla sum, segl sále fæst, Beo. Th. 3816; B. 1906. Ðæt scip wæs ealne weg yrnende under segle, Ors. 1. 1; Swt. 19, 34. Nefne hé under segle yrne, Exon. Th. 345, 11; Gn. Ex. 186 : Andr. Kmbl. 1009; An. 505. Be ðæs scipes segele, Bt. tit. 7; Fox x. 16. Gif ðú ðínes scipes segl ongeán ðone wind tóbrǽdst, ðú lǽtst eal eówer færeld tó ðæs windes dóme, 7, 2; Fox 18, 32. Fealdan ðæt segl to furl the sail, 41, 3; Fox 250, 15. Eówre seglas sendon geseted your sails are set, Shrn. 60, 11. Seglu vela, Wrt. Voc. i. 63, 54. Ia. used metaphorically of the fiery and cloudy pillars :--Swegl síðe weóld the pillar governed their journey, Cd. Th. 184, 10; Exod. 105. Hæfde God sunnan síðfæt swegle ofertolden, swá ða mæstrápas men ne cúðon, ne ða seglróde geseón meahton, 182, 26; Exod. 81. Fyrd geseah, hú ðǽr hlifedon hálige seglas, 183, 10; Exod. 89. II. a veil, curtain :-- Ðæs temples segl, Exon. Th. 70, 16; Cri. 1139. III. a flag, banner (?) :--Segl larbanum (labarum(?). Labarum signum militare Romanorum, pensile, ex panno aut serico contectum, et transversario antennae specie ligno affixum, a suprema conti parte pendens. v. segl-gird, II), Wrt. Voc. ii. 52, 8. [O. Sax. segel : O. H. Ger. segal velum, artemon, carbasus : Icel. segl; n.] v. ofer-segl.
seglan, siglan, seglian; p. de, ede, ode To sail :-- Ðá hé hámweard seglde, Ors. 4, 10; Swt. 202, 1. Hé siglde ðá eást be lande, 1, 1; Swt. 17, 16. Se sciphere sigelede (seglode, MS. E.) west ymbútan, Chr. 877; Erl. 78, 17. Hé hys segl up áhóf, and swýðe forð seglode, St. And. 38, 33. Út on sǽ tó seglanne, Prov. Kmbl. 64. [O. H. Ger. segelen : Icel. sigla.] v. ge-seglian.
segl-bósm, es; m. The swelling out of a sail, sail swelled out by the wind :-- Seglbósm carbasus, Wrt. Voc. ii. 13, 57 : 103, 28 : carbasus, tumor veli, 128, 53. Seglbósmas carbasa, vela navium, 54 : carbasa, 88, 24.
segl-gerǽde, es; n. Sail-furniture, tackle :-- Hé becwæð his láford his beste scip and ða segelgerǽda ðártó domino suo meliorem suarum navium unam cum sibi pertinentibus armamentis contulit, Chart. Th. 549, 18. [Cf. Icel. segl-reiði sail-rigging.]
segl-gird, es; m. : e; f. I. a sail-yard, yard of a ship :--Seglgærd antemna, Wrt. Voc. ii. 100, 30. Segelgyrd antenna, i. 48, 17 : antenna vel temo, 56, 39. Mæst sceal on ceóle, segelgyrd (Grein takes this == sail-girt, and as applying to the mast) seomian, Menol. Fox 509; Gn. C. 25. Ða twegen endas ðære seglgyrde cornua, Wrt. Voc. i. 56, 40 : 48, 18. Segelgyrda antennarum, ii. 5, 41 : 88, 25. Segelgyrdena, mæsta antennarum, Hpt. Gl. 529, 18. Segelgyrdas antemnas, 97, 29. II. the cross rod from which a banner hangs (? v. segel, III) :--Segelgyrd labara, Wrt. Voc. ii. 78, 24. [Prompt. Parv. seyl- ʒerd antenna. Cf. O. H. Ger. segal-poum antenna; also malus : Icel. segl-viðr a yard.] Cf. segl-ród.
segling, e; f. Sailing :-- Ðæt wé ne mid seglinge ne mid równesse ówiht fremian mihte ut neque velo neque remigio quicquam proficere valeremus, Bd. 5, 1; S. 613, 25. Hé mid seglunge binnon ánum dæge com tó Antiochian, Ap. Th. 6, 27.
segl-rád, e; f. The sail-road, the sea :-- Síð on seglráde, Beo. Th. 2863; B. 1429.
segl-ród, e; f. A sail-yard, Cd. Th. 182, 29; Exod. 83. (v. segl, Ia.) [O. H. Ger. segal-ruota antenna.] Cf. segel-gird.
segn, segen, es; m. n. A sign. :-- Segn signum, Wrt. Voc. ii. 120, 61. I. a sign, mark, token :-- Abraham sette friðotácn (circumcision) on his selfes sunu, héht ðæt segn wesan (wegan?) heáh gehwilcne, ðe his hína wæs wǽpnedcynnes, Cd. Th. 142, 32; Gen. 2370. II. a military standard, banner, an ensign :-- Segn ban[dum], Txts. 45, 278. Segn, seng, segin labarum (v. segl, III), vixilla, 73, 1167. Seign (segin?) vexilla, 105, 2093. His segen se wæs mid golde and mid godewæbbe gefrætewod and ofer his byrigenne geseted vexillum ejus super tumbam auro et purpura compositum adposuerunt, Bd. 3, 11; S. 535. 31. Segn, Beo. Th. 5909; B. 2958. Ðá wæs þúf hafen, segen for sweótum, Elen. Kmbl. 247; El. 124. Sió býman stefen and se beorhta segn, Exon. Th. 65, 30; Cri. 1062. Segnes gúþfana labara, Wrt. Voc. ii. 49, 74. Segne pendiculo (cf. labarum, signum pensile), 66, 48. Hæfdon him tó segne beácen árǽred, gyldenne león the tribe of Judah had a golden lion for their standard, Cd. Th. 198, 7; Exod. 319. Hé under segne sinc ealgode fighting under his flag he defended his treasure, Beo. Th. 2412; B. 1204. Hié him ásetton segen gyldenne heáh ofer heáfod, 94; B. 47 : 2046; B. 1021. Hé siomian geseah segn eallgylden, gelocen leóþocræftum, 5528; B. 2767 : 5546; B. 2776. Ðæt nalæs ðæt án ðæt hí segen fore him bǽron æt gefeohte ac swylce eác on sibbe tíde . . . him mon symble ðæt tácen beforan weg ut non solum in pugna ante illum vexilla gestarentur, sed et tempore pacis . . . semper antecedere signifer consuesset, Bd. 2, 16; S. 520, 9. Segn and síde byrnan. Salm. Kmbl. 907; Sal. 453. Wið ðone segn foran þengel rád, Cd. Th. 188, 23; Exod. 172. Segnas stódon standards were stationary, 214, 7; Exod. 565 : 197, 4; Exod. 302. Eall mín weorod . . . herebeácen and segnas beforan mé lǽddon totum agmen me . . . sequebatur cum signis et uexillis, Nar. 7, 16. IIa. used metaphorically :--Wynród segn sóðfæstra the cross, the standard of the righteous, Salm. Kmbl. 471; Sal. 236. Gesáwon randwígan segn (the pillar of fire) ofer sweóton, Cd. Th. 185, 23; Exod. 127. [From Latin.] v. eafor-heáfod-segn; segnian.
segn-berend, es; m. One bearing a standard (or crest ?), a warrior :-- Ne mæg mec oferswíðan segnberendra ǽnig ofer eorþan, nymþe se ána God, Exon. Th. 423, 13; Rä. 41, 20. v. next word.
segn-bora, an; m. A standard-bearer :-- Hé (John) wæs segnbora ðæs ufancundan Kyninges, Blickl. Homl. 163, 22. Segnbora draconarius (draconarius vexillifer, qui fert vexillum ubi est draco depictus), i. vexillarius, signifer, Wrt. Voc. ii. 142, 5. Segnboran, tácnboran draconarii vel vexillarii vel signiferi, i. 21, 66.
segn-cyning, es; m. A king before whom a banner is borne :-- Him ðǽr segncyning (Grein would read sigecyning; but cf. (?) the passages from Bede under segn) wið ðone segn foran rád, Cd. Th. 188, 22; Exod. 172.
segne, an; f. A seine, sean, a drag-net :-- Næs ðiú segni tósliten non est scissum rete, Jn. Skt. Lind. 21, 11. Of suegna fiscum de saginae piscibus, Mt. Kmbl. p. 17, 6. Ongelíc segne simile saginae, Lind. 13, 47. Sendas ðæt nett ɫ segna mittite rete, Jn. Skt. Lind. 21, 6. Segni, 8. Hí ongunnon sǽláfe segnum dǽlan, Cd. Th. 215, 17; Exod. 584. [(Pecher) de nase wit a seyne, Wrt. Voc. i. 159, 7. O. Sax. segina : O. Frs. seine : O. H. Ger. segina sagena. From Latin; cf. Fr. seine.]
segnian, sénian; p. ode. I. to make the sign of the cross upon anything in token of blessing or consecration, to bless, consecrate :-- Se biscop nam hláf and sénode essent manus ad panem benedicendum missuri, Bd. 3, 6; S. 528, 15 note. Ðá sang hé orationem ofer hine and hine bletsode and sénode dixit orationem, ac benedixit eum, 5, 5; S. 618, 8. Sénade, 5, 6; S. 619, 42. Hé mid his handum húsel sénode, Homl. Skt. i. 3, 114. Ðá hé sénade ðæt fæt ðe ðæt áttor on wæs, ðá tóbærst hit, Shrn. 65, 11. Sǽnade, 52, 32. Ðonne ðú hláf brece, sǽna ðú ða cruman, 53, 18. Ðeáh ðe man wafige wundorlíce mid handa, ne biþ hit ðeáh bletsung, búta hé wyrce tácn ðære hálgan róde . . . Mid þrým fingrum man sceall sénian and bletsian, H. R. 105, 22. Hine sylfne séniende signando sese, Bd. 4, 24; S. 599, 13. II. without reference to the sign of the cross :--Segnade earce innan ágenum spédum Nergend, Cd. Th. 82, 21; Gen. 1365 : 83, 35; Gen. 1390. III. of speech (?) :-- Ué sægnade bene dicimus, Jn. Skt. Lind. 8, 48. [We sculen ure forheafod mid þere halie rode tacne seinian, O. E. Homl. i. 127, 25. Godd feder ant his sune iseinet (blessed), Marh. 23, 18. Þanne sat sleuthe up and seyned hym swithe, Piers P. 5, 456. Swa sal I saine þe, Ps. 62, 5. O. Sax. seginón : O. H. Ger. seganón benedicere : Icel. signa to sign, consecrate, in heathen times, with Thor's hammer, in Christian times, with the cross; to bless.] v. ge-segnian.
segnung, sénung, e; f. Blessing, consecration :-- Ofer hine cymeþ mínre segnunga blóstma super ipsum florebit sanctificatio mea, Ps. Th. 131, 19. Wæs hé lǽded tó Brytta biscopum and hé nǽnige hǽle ne frófre þurh heora segnunge (þegnunge ?) onféng qui cum oblatus Brittonum sacerdotibus, nil curationis vel sanationis horum ministerio perciperet, Bd. 2, 2; S. 502, 26. v. hláf-sénung.
seht, es; m. : e; f. I. a settlement, an agreement, terms arranged between two parties by an umpire, a peace between two powers :-- Se seht ðe Godwine eorl worhte betweónan ðam arcebisceop and ðam híréde æt Sc̃e Augustine, and Leófwine preóste, Chart. Th. 349, 19. Spǽcon ðá Leófríces freónd and Wulfstánes freónd, ðæt hit betere wǽre, ðæt heora seht tógædere wurde, ðonne hý ǽnige sace hym betweónan heóldan; sóhtan ðá hyra seht. (The terms are then given.) Ðis wæs úre ealra seht, 377, 1-13. Syððan ðæs cáseres seht wæs and Baldwines, Chr. 1050; Erl. 173, 33. Hí tóhwurfon mid ðisum sehte (the agreement between Edmund and Cnut), 1016; Erl. 159, 6. Ða férdon betwux Ródbeard eorl and Eádgár æðeling and þæra cinga sehte swá gemacedon. (The terms are then given.) On ðisum sehte wearð Eádgár eþeling wið ðone cyng gesæhtlad, 1091; Erl. 228, 1-8. [Férden þe ærcebiscop and te wíse men betwux heom and makede ðæt sahte ðæt . . ., 1140; Erl. 265, 30.] II. peace, friendship :-- Syððan seaht and sib mycelre tíde betwyh ða ylcan cyningas and heora ríce áwunode, Bd. 4, 21; S. 590, 25 note. Ðæt ða cyningas seht námon (cf. friþ niman) heom betweónan, Chr. 1016; Erl. 159, 1. Hí móston mid ealle ðæs cynges wille folgian, gif hí woldon land habban oððe wel his sehta, 1086; Erl. 222, 35. [Sib and sæhte sculde bén betwyx heom and on al Engleland, 1140; Erl. 265, 32. Betere weore sæhte þene swilc unisibbe, Laym. 9844. God lihte to eorðe uorte makien þreouold seihte, A. R. 250, 2. Taken from the Danes (?) cf. Icel. sátt a settlement, agreement; peace.] v. un-seht and following words.
seht; adj. In agreement about the terms of a settlement, agreed :-- Hí wurdon sehte ðæt ða gebróðra ealle geeodon of ðam lande bútan ánum, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. vi. 195, 25. Hí him ðæs gætíðodon wið swylcon gersumen swylce hí ðá sehtæ wǽron such as they were then agreed upon, 198, 16. Hí wurdon sehte on ða gerád ðæt . . ., Chr. 1093; Erl. 229, 25. Wearð se cyng and his bróðor sehte . . . and eall Normandíg æt him mid feó álísde, swá swá hí ðá sehte wǽron, 1096; Erl. 233, 17. Sæhte, 1077; Erl. 215, 10. [Sehte, 1120; Erl. 248, 1. Sæhte, 1135; Erl. 261, 21. Þus iwerað Brennes sæht (isehte, 2nd MS. ) whit his broðer, Laym. 5114. Hiss bodiʒ wiþþ hiss gast sammtale & sahhte wurrþe, Orm. 5731. Cf. Icel. sáttr verða á eitt to agree on.] v. un-seht and next word.
sehtan; p. te To bring about agreement between people, to settle a dispute :--Cristenum cyninge gebyreþ ðæt hé eall cristen folc sibbie and sehte mid rihtre lage, L. I. P. 2; Th. ii. 304, 12 : Wulfst. 266, 17. Ðæt wé habban ús gemǽne sibbe and sóme, and ǽlce sace sehtan, 272, 23. Bisceop sceal beón symle ymbe sóme and ymbe sibbe . . . Hé sceal georne saca sehtan and friþ wyrcan, L. I. P. 7; Th. ii. 312, 14. [A porueance . . . thut lond uor to seyte, R. Glouc. 533, 15. We schul saughte sone (cf. we schulle ben at oon, 156), Chauc. Tale of Gamelyn, 150. Ʒe schulle sauʒte (agree), Piers P. A-Text, MS. T. 4, 2. Icel, sætta to bring about agreement.] v. ge-sehtian.
sehtlian (?); p. ode. I. to settle, bring to an agreement, settle a dispute between people (the word seems to occur only in the later part of the Chronicle) [ :--Ðá eodon góde men heom betwénen and sahtloden heom, Chr. 1066; Erl. 203, 27. Ða twegen kyngas wurðon sæhtlod, 1070; Erl. 209, 26. II. to come to an agreement :-- Ðá feórden ðe wíse men betwyx þe kinges freónd & te eorles freónd & sahtlede suá ðæt . . . Sithen sahtleden þe king and Randolf eorl, 1140; Erl. 264, 31-35. Þe eorles sæhtleden wyd þemperice, Erl. 265, 6.] [Forr to sahhtlenn hemm towarrd hiss Faderr, Orm. 351. When a sawele is sa&yogh;tled to dry&yogh;tyn, Allit. Pms. 72, 1139. &YOGH;e schulle saghtlyn, Piers P. A-Text, MS. U. 4, 2.] v. ge-sæhtlian.
sehtness, e; f. Agreement, accord, concord, peace :-- Ðám dómbócum ðe se heofonlíca Wealdend his folce gesette tó sóme and tó sehtnesse, Homl. Th. ii. 198, 19. [Geaf ðone cyng .xl. marc goldes tó sahtnysse, Chr. 1066; Erl. 203, 29.] [Crist wass borenn her sahhtnesse & griþþ to settenn, Orm. 3515. He sahtnesse wrohte, Laym. 2809. Sæhtnesse underfon to accept terms, 8262. Næfde þa sehtnesse ilast buten seouen &yogh;ere urist, 30137. 'Pax vobis.' Seihtnesse beo bitweonen ou, A. R. 250, 5.] v. ge-sehtness.
[seim [from earlier segem (?)] fat, lard :-- Seime ɫ fetnesse adipe, Ps. Spl. T. 62, 6. [Ge ne schulen eten ulesche ne seim, A. R. 412, 26. See Halliw. Dict. saim, seam, and cf. Fr. sain : Ital. saime. From late Lat. sagimen.] ]
sel a hall, sél a season, v. sæl, sǽl.
sél (the positive form does not occur, but is found in Layamon); cpve. sélra, sélla; spve. sélest, sélost; adj. Good. I. of health :--Sóna seó blǽdder tó séiran (to a healthier condition) gehwyrfeþ, Lchdm. i. 206, 15. II. good, worthy, having excellent qualities or properties :-- Sancte Iohannes wæs mára and sélra eallum óðrum mannum, Blickl. Homl. 163, 20. Sýlra, 161, 24. Ðeáh hine se dysiga dó tó cyninge, hú mæg gesceádwís scealc gereccan, ðæt hé him ðý sélra sié oððe þince, Met. 15, 15. Nǽnig sélra nǽre rondhæbbendra ríces wyrðra no warrior was worthier, more deserving of rule, Beo. Th. 1725; B. 860. Næs mid Rómwarum sincgeofa sélla among the Romans was not a prince of nobler character, Met. 1, 50. Bóþ his sylfes swíðor micle ðonne se sélla mon, Exon. Th. 315, 11; Mód. 29. Him wearþ sélle líf bihýded, 227, 3; Ph. 417. Wé sculon ídle lustas forseón and ðæs séllran gefeón, 47, 19; Cri. 757. Ðæt hé fére him tó ðam sélran ríce (heaven), 352, 24; Sch. 102. On sýllan mon, 377, 20; Deór. 6. Uton wé georne teolian ðæt wé ðe beteran sýn & ðe sélran for ðære láre ðe wé gehýrdon, Blickl. Homl. 111, 19. Gé sóhtun ða sǽmran and ða séllan nó démdan æfter dǽdum, Exon. Th. 131, 30; Gú. 463. Ðú se sélusta Theophilus optime Theophile, Lk. Skt. 1, 3. Hláford mín and bróðor ðín se sélesta, Exon. Th. 183, 26; Gú. 1333. On gódre and on sélestre heortan in corde bono et optimo, Lk. Skt. 8, 15. Nymaþ of eówrum sélustan wæstmum, Gen. 43, 11. III. good of its kind, (a) of persons, possessing the excellences of a class, excellent, well-qualified, skilful, efficient :-- Hé ðæs wǽpnes onláh sélran sweordfrecan, Beo. Th. 2940; B. 1468. Nǽfre ic sǽlidan sélran métte, Andr. Kmbl. 942; An. 471. Ic fæste binde swearte wealas, hwilum séllan men, Exon. Th. 393, 23; Rä. 13, 4. Omerus se góda sceop ðe mid Crécum sélest wæs . . . Firgilius wæs mid Lǽdenwarum sélest, Bt. 41, 1; Fox 244, 4-6. Cwéna sélost, Drihtnes módor, Menol. Fox 334; Men. 168. Ealra sigebearna ðæt séleste and æþeleste, Exon. Th. 33, 4; Cri. 520. Twegen wǽron biscopas and twegen mæssepreóstas ealle ða sélestan omnes sacerdotes fuere praeclari, Bd. 3, 23; S. 555, 19. Manige ðara sélestena cynges þéna forþférdon, Chr. 897; Erl. 94, 32. (b) of things :--Næs sincmáðþum sélra on sweordes hád there was no greater treasure in the shape of a sword, Beo. Th. 4392; B. 2193. Hí nǽfre song séllan ne hýrdon, Exon. Th. 325, 8; Víd. 108. Ídel stód húsa sélest. Beo. Th. 294; B. 146. Hof séleste (the ark), Cd. Th. 84, 6; Gen. 1393. Éce líf, sélust sigeleána, Elen. Kmbl. 1051; El. 527. Blícan swá ðæt séloste gold, H. R. 15, 35. Seó séleste gesǽlþ, Bt. 24, 2; Fox 82, 3. Biþ Drihten úre se sélosta scyld the Lord will be our most effectual shield. Blickl. Homl. 13, 10. Heó hié gegyrede mid ðon sélestan hrægle, 139, 7. IIIa. marking the rank or class of a person :--Ðone sélestan (of the highest class) . . . ðane óðerne . . . ðane þriddan, L. Ethb. 26; Th. i. 8, 12. IV. good, advantageous, to one's interest, advisable :-- Is hit micle sélre ðæt wé hine álýsan, Andr. Kmbl. 3124; An. 1565. Sélle, Exon. Th. 371, 15; Seel. 76. Him sylfum sélle þynceþ leahtras tó fremman, 266, 33; Jul. 407. Ne mæg ðec séllan rǽd mon gelǽran, 119, 4; Gú. 249. Wé ðé mágon sélre ge&dash-uncertain;lǽran, Andr. Kmbl. 2706; An. 1355. Ðá forléton wé ða frécnan wegas and ðǽm sélran wé férdon, Nar. 17, 13. Ðæt him soelest wǽre ðæt hié friþes wilnaden nullam esse residuam spem, nisi in petenda pace, Ors. 4, 10; Swt. 202, 18. Hé brytniæ swǽ hígum maest réd sié and ðaem sáwlum soelest, Chart. Th. 461, 2 : 465, 33. Ófest is sélost, Cd. Th. 196, 18; Exod. 293 : Andr. Kmbl. 3129; An. 1567 : Beo. Th. 518; B. 256. Hwæt sélest wǽre tó gefremmanne, 351; B. 173 : Elen. Kmbl. 2328; El. 1165. Ellen biþ sélast ðam ðe sceal dreógan dryhtenbealu, Exon. Th. 183, 4; Gú. 1322. Biþ andgit ǽghwǽr sélest, Beo. Th. 2123; B. 1059. Is hit ealles sélest tó sécenne hwæt ðæs willa sié, Blickl. Homl. 205, 27. V. good, honourable, noble, proper :-- Deáþ biþ sélla eorla gehwylcum ðonne edwítlíf, Beo. Th. 5773; B. 2890. Sélre biþ ǽghwæm ðæt hé his freónd wrece, ðonne hé fela murne, 2773; B. 1384 : Andr. Kmbl. 640; An. 320. Ðé ðæt sélre geceós, éce rǽdas, Beo. Th. 3523; B. 1759. Hé smeáde hwæt him sélest (or under III) tó dónne wǽre quid sibi esset faciendum tractabat, Bd. 2, 9; S. 512, 15. Maria geceás ðone sélestan dǽl, Lk. Skt. 10, 42. VI. of value, precious :-- Ðú golde eart, sincgife sýlla. Andr. Kmbl. 3016; An. 1511. Hú nys seó sáwl sélre ðonne mete nonne anima plus est quam esca ? Mt. Kmbl. 6, 25. Ne hýrde ic guman ǽnigne bringan ofer sealtne mere sélran láre, Menol. Fox 204; Men. 103. Gé synt sélran ðonne manega spearuan, Mt. Kmbl. 10, 31. Gif hé nele ðone sélestan dǽl Gode gedǽlan, Blickl. Homl. 195, 7, VII. good, happy, pleasant :-- On ðǽm sélran þingum in secundis rebus, Nar. 7, 26. Wé dreámas hefdon sélrum tídum, Cd. Th. 267, 29; Sat. 45. [Þu scalt uurþan sæl thou shalt prosper, Laym. 1234. Cloten hauede enne sune þe sel (bold, 2nd MS.) wes, 4071. Mid selere strengðe with great strength, 21654. Seoue þusend selere (boldere, 2nd MS.) þeinen, 18011. Ich wulle sende to selen mine þeinen, 25162. Ne isæh na man selere cniht nenne, 21166. Þat us is selest (best, 2nd MS.) to don, 918. In al þat sel is, H. M. 47, 34. Goth. séls good, kind : Icel. sæll blest, happy.] v. next word.
sél, soel; also sélor; adv. (cpve.) Better. I. of health :--Cwæð ðæt heó gelýfde ðæt hire sóna sél wǽre quia crederet eam mox melius habituram, Bd. 5, 3; S. 616, 11. Sóna ic wæs wyrpende and mé sél wæs statim melius habere incipio, S. 616, 34 : 5, 5; S. 618, 4. Sóna him biþ sél. Lchdm. iii. 288, 19. Him biþ soel bene habebunt, Mk. Skt. Lind. 16,18. Ia. of moral or spiritual well-being :--Ne mæg ic gehycg an, hwý him on hige þorfte á ðý sǽl wesan, Met. 15, 10. II. of knowledge :--Gé sind searowum beswicene oððe sél nyton, móde gemyrde, Andr. Kmbl. 1490; An. 746. Findaþ ða ðe fyrngewritu sélost cunnen, Elen. Kmbl. 748; El. 374. III. of the operation of the senses :--Hé biþ suá micle sél gehiéred, suá hé ufor gestent, Past. 14, 1; Swt. 81, 17. IV. denoting excellence in act or in conduct :--Nó ðý sél dyde, ac ðam æðelinge oferhygd gesceód, Cd. Th. 246, 35; Dan. 489. Ne gefrægn ic nǽfre wurðlícor æt hilde sixtig sigebeorna sél gebǽran, Fins. Th. 77; Fins. 38 : Beo. Th. 2029; B. 1012. Hwylc hira sélast simle gelǽste hláforde æt hilde, Andr. Kmbl. 821; An. 411. Bet gé rǽdaþ melius legitis, sélost (sǽlost, MS. T.) hí rǽdaþ optime legunt, Ælfc. Gr. 5; Zup. 9, 17. Hwǽr ic sélast wisse cwén giefe bryttian, Exon. Th. 324, 28; Víd. 101. V. denoting advantage or profit :--Hwæt byþ ús tó méde (ús ðý soel, Lind.), Mt. Kmbl. 19, 27. Tó hwan hió ða næglas sélost and deórlícost gedón meahte, Elen. Kmbl. 2315; El. 1158. VI. denoting success or good result, with (more) success, (more) effectually, to (more) purpose :-- Ic gelýfe ðe sél and ðý fæstlícor ferhþ staþelige, Elen. Kmbl. 1589; El. 796. Ne gefrægn ic nǽfre sixtig sigebeorna medu sél forgyldan, Fins. Th. 79; Fins. 39. For ðý ðe mon ðás feorme ðý soel gelǽste, Chart. Th. 474, 12. Næs him wihte ðe sél he did not succeed any the better, Beo. Th. 5368; B. 2687. Sél æfter wælrǽse wunde gedýgan to be more successful in escaping wounds, 5054; B. 2530. Se æcer syððan gegreów .c. síða sélor ðonne hé ǽr dyde, Shrn. 137, 25. Hú man sélost mæg synna forbúgan how sins may most effectually be avoided, Ælfc. T. Grn. 7, 38. Hú ic ðíne; sóðfæstnesse sélest heólde, Ps. Th. 118, 54, 26. Hié hígon gefeormien swǽ hié soelest þurhtión mégen, Chart. Th. 476, 31. VII. with verbs of liking or pleasing :--Hé nánum menn sél ne úðe ðonne mé there was no one he would sooner give it to than to me, Chart. Th. 485, 17. Ða men ðe ic mínes erfes seólest onn, 480, 20. Se getreówa man sceal syllan his gód on ða tíd ðe hine sylfne sélest lyste his brúcan, Blickl. Homl. 101, 20. Hí genáman ðæs folces ðe ðǽr tó láfe wæs and him sélost lícodan, 79, 21.
seld, es; n. I. a seat, that on which one sits, a throne; sedes :--In heofene seld his his throne is in heaven (A. V.), Ps. Surt. 10, 5 : 44, 7. Dóm gegearwung seldes ðínes, 88, 15 : 96, 2. Of dúne sette maehtge of selde, ii. p. 200, 20 : Cd. Th. 275, 17; Sat. 173 : 276, 12; Sat. 187. Ðǽr is sang æt selde (the throne of God), 306, 12; Sat. 662. Sang ymb seld secgan, 279, 9; Sat. 235. Siteþ him on heofnum, hafaþ wuldres bearn his seolfes seld, 301, 27; Sat. 588. God siteþ ofer seld hálig his, Ps. Surt. 46, 9 : 9, 8. Ealdormenn sǽton on seldum, Ps. Th. 118, 23. Hí on seldon sǽton æt dómum, 121, 5. II. a seat, residence, mansion, hall :-- Scyppendes seld, Salm. Kmbl. 160; Sal. 79. Ðá hé ða mænego (the rebellious angels) ádráf of ðæm heán selde (heaven), Cd. Th. 277, 10; Sat. 202. Cwom Daniel in ðæt seld gangan, 225, 9; Dan. 151 : 262, 1; Dan. 737. Engel lét his hand cuman in ðæt heá seld (Belshazzar's hall), 261, 7; Dan. 722. Hié tempel strudon, Salomanes seld, 260, 19; Dan. 712. Com tó Heorot, ðǽr Hring-Dene geond ðæt sæld swǽfon, Beo. Th. 2564; B. 1280. Wǽron on ðyssum felda unríme gesomnunge manna and monig seld (or to I ?) gefeóndra weorada erant in hoc campo innumera hominum conventicula, sedesque plurimae agminum laetantium, Bd. 5, 12; S. 629, 25. Ða heallícan seld palatias zetas, Wrt. Voc. ii. 81, 23. Hú hé eft gesette swegeltorhtan seld, Cd. Th. 6, 27; Gen. 95. Heáhgetimbru, seld on swegle, Exon. Th. 137, 10; Gú. 557. [Ær he arise of selde, Laym. 25988. Cf. Goth. salithwa; f. a mansion, chamber : O. Sax. seliða, selda : O. H. Ger. selida; f. domicilium, mansio, habitaculum, tabernaculum.] v. án-, biscop-, cear-, éðel-, heáh-, medu-, páp-, sundor-, þrym-, weard-seld; selde.
seldan (-on, -un, -um); cpve. seldnor; adv. Seldom, rarely :-- Seldan (-on) raro, Ælfc. Gr. 38; Zup. 240, 12 : Bt. 16, 1; Fox 50, 14. Oft nalæs seldan. Ps. Th. 74, 4. Tó seldan hit biþ, beó hit seldor on dæg ðonne seofon síðum, Btwk. 194, 11. Oft (of ? cf. Icel. of- too, and v. of-) seldan hwǽr æfter leódhryre lytle hwíle bongár búgeþ too rare are the cases in which after the fall of men the deadly weapon retires, or often after slaughter the spear is seldom at rest, i. e. in most cases frequent strife follows (cf. the first passage under seld-hwanne, and seldum hwonne), Beo. Th. 4063; B. 2039. Him seldon teola gespeów, Ors. 4, 5; Swt. 168, 19 : Bd. 1, 1; S. 474, 31 : Met. 28, 71. Seldon wé ǽnig seolfor fundon. Nar. 5, 15. Hwílon ic dó ac seldon aliquando facio, sed raro, Coll. Monast. Th. 24, 3. Se ðe him ealneg wind ondrǽt, hé sǽwþ tó seldon, Past. 39, 2; Swt. 285, 18. Seldun, 9; Swt. 57, 16. Seldum ǽfre, Salm. Kmbl. 540; Sal. 269. Ac ðeáh hí seldum hwonne (cf. seldhwanne) beswemde weorþon ðonne sleáþ hé eft on ða solu but though on rare occasions they (swine) get washed, at such times they return to the mire, Bt. 37, 4; Fox 192, 28. Ðæt dysie folc ðæs hit seldnor gesihþ swíðor wundriaþ, Met. 28, 66. [O. Frs. sielden : O. H. Ger. seltan; cpve. seltanor : Icel. sjaldan; cpve. sjaldnor; spve. sjaldnast.] v. un-seldan, seldor.
seld-, sel-cúþ; adj. Little known, strange, wonderful, unfamiliar :-- Se seldcúþa tungel gebícnode ðæs sóðan cyninges ácennednysse, Homl. Th. i. 106, 27. Hé wæs oflyst ðæs seldcúþan sónes (the sound of Orpheus' harp), Bt. 35, 6; Fox 168, 23. Hí willaþ simle hwæthwegu níwes and seldcúþes eówian, 34, 4; Fox 138, 29. Ðú hwerfest ymbúton sume wunderlíce and seldcúþe sprǽce, 35, 5; Fox 164, 17. Díglu þing tǽcan and seldcúþe, 39, 4; Fox 216, 13. Selcúþe reáf varias vestes, Coll. Monast. Th. 27, 9. [Þeo wimon was mid ane sune þat wes a selcuð bearn (wonderfol to telle, 2nd MS.), Laym. 280. Þatt wass sellcuþ mecle&yogh;&yogh;c, Orm. 19217. Gif him þuncheð wunder & selkuð of swuch onswere, A. R. 8, 26. Gret outrage we se . . . in selcouthe maners, Pr. C. 1518.]
seld-cyme, es; m. A rare visit :-- Wéna mé ðíne seóce gedydon, ðíne seldcymas, Exon. Th. 380, 27; Rä. 1, 14. [Cf. Icel. sjald-kvæmr seldom coming.]
selde, an; f. A porch :-- Selde proaula (porticus a porche, proaula idem est, 204, col. 2), i. domus coram aula, Wrt. Voc. i. 57, 46. v. sumor-, winter-selde; seld.
seld-guma, an; m. A hall-man, one who has a place in a lord's hall, a retainer :-- Nǽfre ic máran geseah eorl ofer eorþan ðonne is eówer sum . . . nis ðæt seldguma (he is no mere retainer. Grein translates 'vir qui semper in domo manet.' Heyne says 'seldguma ist hier offenbar der gemeine Mann, der nur ein seld besitzt, im Gegensatz zu dem edeln, der einen hof zu eigen hat.' But seld is used of royal residences, so that Bugge's explanation seems better, 'en mand som holder til en hövdings sal, en mand som er traadt i en hövdings tjeneste'), Beo. Th. 504; B. 249. Cf. sele-secg.
seld-hwanne; adv. Seldom, rarely :-- Oft ðonne ðæt mód ðæs fæstendan biþ mid ðý irre ofseten, ðonne cymþ sió blis seldhwanne, swelce hió sié elþeódig, Past. 43, 6; Swt. 313, 24. Ðeáh seldhwænne leáf geseald sié tó sprecenne quamvis rara loquendi concedatur licentia, R. Ben. 21, 16. Heó wolde seldhwænne hire líc baðian, Homl. Skt. i. 20, 44. Seldhwonne biþ ðaette áuht manegum monnum ánes hwæt lícige, Bt. 18, 3; Fox 64, 29. [Swuch ouh wummone lore to beon liðe and seldhwonne sturne, A. R. 428, 25. Cf. Icel. sjald-stundum rarely.]
seld-, sel-, syl-líc; adj. I. strange, extraordinary, wonderful :-- Ðis godspel þincþ dysegum mannum sellíc, Homl. Th. ii. 466, 9. Nú þincþ eów ðis syllíc tó gehýrenne, L. Ælfc. C. 6; Th. ii. 344, 16 : Wulfst. 269, 26. Is ðæt sellíc þincg, ðæt hí ne wundriaþ hú . . ., Met. 28, 53. Næfde sellícu wiht sýne ne folme, Exon. Th. 415, 2; Rä. 33, 5. Glóf síd and syllíc searobendum fæst, Beo. Th. 4178; B. 2086. Ic seah sellíc þing singan, Exon. Th. 413, 9; Rä. 32, 3. Ða réðan león and ða sellícan (syl-) pardes and ða egeslícan beran, Hexam. 9; Norm. 14, 33. Sellíce sǽdracan, Beo. Th. 2856; B. 1426. Syllíce tácn, Blickl. Homl. 91, 29. Syllíce stanas monstrous stones, 189, 15. Seldlícra fela many wonderful creatures, Exon. Th. 193, 34; Az. 131. Hit is sellícre ðæt hiora ǽnig ne mæg bútan óðrum bión, Met. 11, 50. Hí ðǽr geségon syllícran wiht, Beo. Th. 6069; B. 3038. II. having unusual good qualities, excellent, admirable :-- Þeódnes cynegold sóðfæstra gehwone sellíc glengeþ, Exon. Th. 238, 19; Ph. 606 : 341, 16; Gn. Ex. 127. Is ðes middangeard missenlícum wísum gewlitegad, wrættum gefrætwad, síþum sellíc, 414, 28; Rä. 33, 3. Freólíc, sellíc, 492, 29; Rä. 81, 23. Wundor syllíc (the pillar of fire), Cd. Th. 184, 17; Exod. 109 : Rood Kmbl. 25; Kr. 13. Hé wundur worhte seldlíc, Ps. Th. 125, 3. Ǽnlicra and fægerra, symle sellícra, Exon. Th. 357, 17; Pa. 30. Him (the phenix) sette sóð cyning sellícran gecynd ofer fugla cyn, 221, 4; Ph. 329. Ic ǽfre ne geseah syllícran cræft. Andr. Kmbl. 1000; An. 500 : Rood Kmbl. 8; Kr. 4. [Laym. sel-, sil-, seol-, sul-lich : O. E. Homl. sul-lic : Jul. sul-lich : O. and N. sel-, seol-lich : Goth. silda-leiks : O. Sax. seld-lík.]
seld-, sel-, syl-líce; adv. I. strangely, wonderfully :-- Nǽfre hié ðæs sellíce bleóum bregdaþ, Salm. Kmbl. 300; Sal. 149. Singeþ syllíce, 539; Sal. 269. II. wonderfully well, excellently, admirably :-- Iericho wæs sellíce getimbrod, mid seofon weallas beworht and wel wiðinnan geset, Homl. Th. ii. 212, 25. Syllíce hyt ðæt áttor tósceádeþ, Lchdm. i. 352, 13.
seldor; cpve. : seldost; spve. (the positive seems expressed by seldan, which however has a comparative seldnor); adv. More seldom, less frequently :-- Seldan raro, seldor rarius, ealra seldost (-ast, MS. H.) rarissime, Ælfc. Gr. 38; Zup. 240, 13. Tó seldan hit biþ, beó hit seldor on dæg ðæt wé God herian ðonne seofon síðum, Btwk. 194, 11. Bæþ ðám untrumum, swá oft swá hit framige, sý geboden; hálum sý seldor getíðod, R. Ben. 61, 1. Ðæt ungestæððige folc wundraþ ðæs ðe hit seldost gesihþ, Bt. 39, 3; Fox 216, 2. [Gon seldere þene he sholde to his chirche, O. E. Homl. ii. 207, 26. Icel. sjaldar.]
seld-síne, -sýnde; adj. Seldom seen, uncommon, unfamiliar :-- Cirus geáhsade ðæt ðæm folce seldsiéne and uncúðe wǽron wínes dryncas. Ors. 2, 4; Swt. 76, 12. Ǽlc seldsýnde fisc ðe weorðlíc biþ, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. iii. 450, 27. [Hit is seltsene on eorðe, H. M. 27, 22. Our speche schal beon seldcene, A. R. 8o, 19. Icel. sjald-sénn.]
sele, es; m. A hall, house, dwelling :-- Cwom bytla (Guthlac) tó ðam beorge . . . wæs sele (his hermitage) níwe, Exon. Th. 146, 24; Gú. 714. Sele sceal stondan, sylf ealdian, 343, 16; Gn. Ex. 158. Sele (Heorot, Hrothgar's hall) hlifade, heáh and horngeáp, Beo. Th. 163; B. 81. Ðes sele, receda sélest, 827; B. 411. Ðes windiga sele (hell), Cd. Th. 273, 14; Sat. 136. Hé on temple gestód . . . Hé anlícnesse geseh on seles (or from sæl, cf. 1523; An. 763) wáge, Andr. Kmbl. 1428; An. 714 : Exon. Th. 394, 17; Rä. 14, 4. Þegen ðe on cinges sele his hláforde þénode, L. R. 3; Th. i. 192, 1. Hé (Pharaoh) lǽdan héht wíf tó his selfes sele, Cd. Th. 111, 17; Gen. 1857. Geseah hé engles hand in sele (Belshazzar's hall) wrítan, 261, 16; Dan. 727. Hié tó sele (the Danish king's hall), gangan cwómon, Beo. Th. 652; B. 323. In sele ðam heán, 1431; B. 713 : (Hygelac's hall), 3973; B. 1984. On sele in the dragon's cave, 6248; B. 3128. Tó sele to the prison, Andr. Kmbl. 2624; An. 1313. Cyning mec on sele weorþaþ, Exon. Th. 401, 12; Rä. 21, 10. Ic sóhte sele sinces bryttan, hwǽr ic findan meahte ðone ðe in meoduhealle mec fréfran wolde, 288, 2; Wand. 25 : Beo. Th. 1657; B. 826 : 4694; B. 2352. Sele ásettan, sídne ræced fæste gefégan, Exon. Th. 296, 6; Crä. 47. Brúcan ðæs boldes ðe ús gearwaþ gǽsta ealdor; ðæt is sigedryhten ðe ðone sele frætweþ, 450, 24; Dóm. 92. Innan on ðone ealdan sele, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. iii. 406, 13. Ðone werigan sele (hell). Cd. Th. 285, 4; Sat. 332. Ongunnon heora burh rǽran and sele settan, salo niwian, 113, 2; Gen. 1881. [O. Sax. seli; m. : Icel. salr; pl. salir : cf. O. H. Ger. seli-hús : Goth. saljan to dwell, abide.] v. bán-, beág-, beór-, burg-, burn-, deáþ-, dreór-, dryht-, eorþ-, gæst-, gold-, grund-, gúþ-, heáh-, horn-, hring-, hróf-, níþ-, will-, wín-, wind-, wyrm-sele; sæl.
sele? :--Winter ýþe beleác ísgebinde óþ ðæt óðer com geár in geardas swá nú gyt déþ ða ðe sele (= sǽle ?) bewitiaþ wuldortorhtan weder winter shut up the waves with bonds of ice, until another year came to men's dwellings; so still the new year comes, and brilliant weather (as is apparent to those) who keep constant watch on the seasons, Beo. Th. 2275; B. 1135. But see Heyne's Beowulf, or Paul and Braune, Beiträge, 12, 31.
sele-dreám, es; m. Mirth of the hall, joyous life of the hall, festive pleasure :-- Beorgas wǽron blíðe gebǽrdon swá rammas wurdan gesweoru swá on seledreám swá on sceápum beóþ sceóne lambru montes, quare exultastis ut arietes, et colles velut agni ovium, Ps. Th. 113, 6. Oft ic secga seledreám sceal onþeón, Exon. Th. 480, 13; Rá. 64, 1. Goldburg ofgifan, secga seledreám, beorht beágselu. Andr. Kmbl. 3310; An. 1658 : Beo. Th. 4496; B. 2252. Swǽfon seledreámas. Cd. Th. 179, 29; Exod. 36 : Exon. Th. 292, 3; Wand. 93.
sele-ful[l], es; n. A cup used in a hall :-- Hé geþah symbel and seleful Beo. Th. 1242; B. 619.
sele-gescot, -gesceot, es; n. A tabernacle :-- In selegescote ðínum in tabernaculo tuo, Ps. Surt. 14, 1. Selegesceote, Ps. Th. 60, 3. Ðeáh ðe ic on mínes húses hyld gegange oððe selegesceot si introiero in tabernaculum domus meae, 131, 3, 5, 7. Ðæt selegescot, hús tó wynne (the body), Exon. Th. 90, 28; Cri. 1481. Selegescotu tabernacula, Ps. Th. 77, 28. Selegesceotu, 82, 6 : 107, 6. On ðínum selegescotum, 146, 11. v. sele-scot, ge-sceot.
sele-gist, es; m. A guest in a hall :-- Heó ofsæt ðone selegyst (Beowulf who was in Hrothgar's hall), Beo. Th. 3094; B. 1545.
selen, sellen, sylen, e; f. I. a gift :-- Ic ðé nú áfyrre fram mínre selene ðe ic ðé forgeaf, Wulfst. 258, 14. Seó góde antswaru sý ouer ða sélestan selene sermo bonus super datum optimum, R. Ben. 55, 9. Sylena donaria, Germ. 394, 343. Gástlícra sellena ɫ gifa sanctorum donorum, Hpt. Gl. 414, 37. Syllena, 473, 50. Mid selenum hé gewelgie donis maneret, Hymn. Surt. 4, 32. Ðú onfénge selena accepisti dona, Ps. Spl. 67, 19. Góde sylena syllan. Mt. Kmbl. 7, 11. Sylene, Lk. Skt. 11, 13. II. a giving, donation, grant :-- His handseten and sælen. Cod. Dip. Kmbl. ii. 89, 12. Ic geeácnode. tó ðare ǽrran sylene týn þúsenda ǽlfíxa, Chart. Th. 242, 11. Ic ðás úre selene trymmne, 106, 10. Þurh his sylene and gyfe ipso largiente, Bd. 2, 12; S. 515, 24. Þurh ælmyssan sylene per erogationem eleemosynae, L. Ecg. P. iv. 63; Th. ii. 222, 32. Mid gebedum and mid wæccum and mid ælmessa sylenum, Wulfst. 228, 20. III. the habit of giving, liberality, munificence :-- Sylen liberalitas, mid sylene munificentia, Hpt. Gl. 466, 52, 49. Cystigre sylene prodiga liberalitate, 517, 36. v. ælmes-, hand-, mann-selen, -silen.
seleness, selnes tradition; traditio, Mt. Kmbl. Lind. 15, 2, 3 : Mk. Skt. Lind. Rush. 7, 3, 9.
sele-rǽdend, es; m. One who takes part in the councils held in a hall, a counsellor of a prince :-- Manige cómon snottere selerǽdend, symble gefégon beornas burhweardes cyme, Andr. Kmbl. 1317; An. 659. Men ne cunnon secgan tó sóðe, selerǽdende (-rǽdenne, MS.), hæleþ under heofenum, hwá ðæm hlæste onféng, Beo. Th. 102; B. 51. Ic ðæt leóde míne, selerǽdende, secgan hýrde, 2696; B. 1346.
sele-rest, e; f. A bed in a hall :-- Hine ymb monig sǽrinc selereste gebeáh (of Beowulf and his men when sleeping in Hrothgar's hall), Beo. Th. 1384; B. 690.
sele-scot, es; n. A tabernacle, dwelling :-- Gewyrce wé þreó selescotu (tabernacula), Mt. Kmbl. Rush. 17, 4. Fuglas heofunas habbaþ selescota (nidos), 8, 20. v. sele-gescot.
sele-secg, es; m. A hall-man, a retainer who has a place in his lord's hall:-- Gemon hé selesecgas and sincþnege, hú hine his goldwine wenede tó wiste, Exon. Th. 288, 20; Wand. 34. Cf. seld-guma.
sele-þegn, es; m. A hall-thane, chamberlain:-- Him (Beowulf) seleþegn síðes wérgum forþ wísade, se ealle beweotede þegnes þearfe (the chamberlain who saw after everything Beowulf needed], Beo. Th. 3592; B. 1794.
sele-weard, es; m. A hall-warder, guard of a hall:-- Hæfde hé Grendle tógeanes seleweard áseted, Beo. Th. 1338; B. 667.
self, seolf, silf, sylf; pron. A. self, very, own. I. with a noun (α) which it immediately follows :-- Ðam ðe se þeóden self sceóp nihte naman, Cd. Th. 9, 10; Gen. 139. Drihten sylf. Blickl. Homl. 41, 4:51, 6. God selfa cuman wille, 1153, 31. Hé, Drihten selfa, cwæð, 165, 2. Drihten sylfa, 39, 25. God seolfa, Cd. Th. 286, 11; Sat. 350. Nǽniges gebyrd círicean ne mǽrsiaþ nemþe Cristes sylfes and ðyses Iohannes, Blickl. Homl. 161, 11. From ðære dura selfre ðisse béc ab ipso libri hujus exordia. Past. proem.; Swt. 25, 11. Gode sylfum underþeódde. Blickl. Homl. 109, 22 : 73, 12. Gearo mód ge eác swylce deáþ sylfne tó þrowienne paratum vel eiiam ad moriendum animum, Bd. 1, 26; S. 487, 38. On ðæt dægréd sylf. Judth. Thw. 24, 24; Jud. 204. Rómáne selfe sǽdon, Ors. 5, 3; Swt. 220, 20. Nǽnig man ða lǽstas sylfe ufan oferwyrcean ne mihte, Blickl. Homl. 125, 35. Hé ða deádan sylfe áwehte, 173, 29. (β) which it follows, but not immediately :-- Nergend com nihtes self. Cd. Th. 159, 12; Gen. 2633. Ðeáh ðe ðæt hús ufan open sý sylf, Blickl. Hom. 125, 30. Mé sægde ǽr dæt wíf hire wordum selfa, Cd. Th. 160, 11; Gen. 2648. Hé mid hondum Hǽlend genom sylfne be sídan, 299, 5; Sae. 545. (γ) along with a personal pronoun in the dative :-- Pilatus on hys dómerne hym sylf áwrát ealle ða þyng, Nicod. 34; Thw. 19, 33. Óðra gesceafta weorðaþ him selfe tó náuhte, Met. 11, 87. (δ) which it immediately precedes :-- On ðé sylf cyning wrát, wuldres God, Andr. Kmbl. 3017; An. 1511. Héht sylf cyning him Abraham tó, Cd. Th. 161, 27; Gen. 2671. Hit is se seolfa sunu Waldendes, 289, 11; Sat. 396. Se sylfa cyning lýsde (hié) of firenum, Exon. Th. 74, 20; Cri. 1209. Sylfes ðæs folces, 481, 20; Rä. 65, 6. Under ðam sylfum norþdǽle middangeardes sub ipso septentrionali vertice mundi, Bd. 1. 1; S. 473, 29. Ic tó sylfum Drihtne cleopode. Ps. Th. 54, 16. Ðæt ða sylfan ýþa wǽron áhofene ofer ðæt scip, Blickl. Homl. 235, 6. Ðæt ða sylfan his láreówas æt his múþe leornodan that his very teachers learned from his mouth, Bd. 4, 24; S. 598, 8. (ε) which it precedes, but not immediately :-- Bidon þegnas . . . swá him sylf bebeád swegles ágend, Exon. Th. 34, 16; Cri. 543. Bídan selfes gesceapu heofoncyninges, Cd. Th. 52, 12; Gen. 842 : 36, 4; Gen. 566. Wearð sylfum ætýwed ðam cásere swefnes wóma, Elen. Kmbl. 138; El. 69. II. with a pronoun, (1) in agreement with a personal pronoun denoting the subject of the sentence and (α) following it immediately :-- Ic sylf (seolf, Lind. : solfa, Rush.) hit eom ipse ego sum, Lk. Skt. 24, 39. Heó sylf hié þeówen nernde, Blickl. Homl. 13, 13. Ðæt hé sylfa cwæð, 13, 26: 95, 5. Beó hé sylfa syxta, L. C. S. 30; Th. i. 394, 5, MS. G. Sý hé scyldig his sylfes, L. Ath. iv. prm.; Th. i. 220, 12. Hé swíðor mínes feores wilnade ðonne his selfes, Nar. 8, 6. Mid his sylfes willum, willan ultro, Bd. 1, 7; S. 477, 15, 22. Gif þeów ete his sylfes rǽde, L. Wih. 15; Th. i. 40, 11. Hwæt segst ðú be ðé sylfum (seolfum, Lind. : fore ðec solfne. Rush.), Jn. Skt. 1, 22. Heó hæfde hire sylfre geworht ðæt mǽste wíte, Blickl. Homl. 5, 26. Gif his ríce on him sylfum biþ tódǽled . . . Gif ðæt hús ofer hit sylf ys tódǽled . . . Gif Satanas winþ ongén hine sylfne, Mk. Skt. 3, 24-26. Mé siolfne, Chart. Th. 476, 19. Ic swerige þurh mé sylfne per memetipsum juravi, Gen. 22, 16. Heó hié sylfe tó þeówene genemde, Blickl. Homl. 9, 23. Nú mæg sóð hit sylf gecýðan, 187, 16. Ðone anwald úre selfra, Past. 33; Swt. 220, 7. Suá micle giéman úrra niéhstena suá suá úre selfra, 5; Swt. 45, 12. Hí hiora selfra nánne anweald nabbaþ, Bt. 16, 3; Fox 54, 18. Hiora seolfra hǽlo, Nar. 30, 18. Heó hié selfe áweredon . . . him leófre wæs ðæt hié hié seolfe fornéðdon, Ors. 5, 3; Swt. 220, 23-26. Eáþmódgiaþ eów sylfe. Blickl. Homl. 99, 3. (α 1) with irregular construction :-- Ðeáh ðe hí synd of miclum dǽle heora sylfes anwealdes quamvis ex parte sui sint juris, Bd. 5, 23; S. 647, 3. (β) following the pronoun, but not immediately :-- Hé eác self biþ gecostod, Past. 16; Swt. 104, 20. Hwæt hé mé self bebeád what he himself bade me, Cd. Th. 34, 10; Gen. 535. Hé his brýde ofslóh self mid sweorde, Met. 9, 31. Gif hé wille sylf Godes dómas gedégan, Blickl. Homl. 43, 11. Hé wæs þridda sylf, Elen. Kmbl. 1707; El. 855: Andr. Kmbl. 1330; An. 665. Ne wén ðú ðæt ic tó ánwillíce winne wið ða wyrd, forðam iç hit nó selfe ne ondrǽde, Bt. 20; Fox 70, 21. Ðá ðá wé hit nóhwæðer ne selfe ne lufodon, Past. pref.; Swt. 5, 6. Sylfe, Blickl. Homl. 53, 1: 223, 20. Hié wénaþ ðæt hié wísran sién selfe ðonne óðre. Past. 48, 1; Swt. 365, 20. (γ) along with a pronoun in the dative :-- Ðú meaht nú ðé self geseón. Cd. Th. 38, 23; Gen. 611. Hé feóll him silf quem percussit Josue ad internecionem, Jos. 10, 33. Hí weorþaþ him selfe tó náuhte, Bt. 21; Fox 74, 36. (δ) preceding the pronoun :-- Ðǽr syndon dǽlas on sylfre hire cujus participatio ejus in idipsum, Ps. Th. '121, 3. (2) in agreement with a demonstrative :-- Þurh ðæs sylfes hand ðe ic ǽr onsended wæs, Soul Kmbl. 111 Seel. 56. (3) with a possessive :-- Be mínre seolfre nídþearfe de propio meo periculo, Nar. 9, 24. On ðínes silfes hand, Hy. 7, 83. Ðín ríce and ðínes sylfes feorh. Blickl. Homl. 185, 1. Mínes sylfes múþ os meum, Ps. Th. 77, 2. Ðínre sylfre sunu. Exon. Th. 21, 23; Cri. 339. Wé sceoldon úrra selfra waldan, Past. 33; Swt. 220, 5. II a. where the pronoun with which self agrees is not the subject of the sentence :-- Hé (Claudius Marcellus) fór on ðone ende Hannibales folces ðe hé self (Hannibal) on wæs, and hiene selfne (Hannibal) gefliémde. Ors. 4, 9; Swt. 192, 11-13. Antonius forlét Octauianuses swostor and him selfum onbeád gewin, 5, 13; Swt. 244, 32. Ðæt man tó óðrum lǽþþe hæbbe and hine hatige and tǽle behindan him sylfum, Blickl. Homl. 65, 1. Neoptolomus com tó Antigone . . . Ðá sende Antigones hiene selfne (Neoptolomus), Ors. 3, 11; Swt. 146, 9. Æðelstán wið Anláf gefeaht and his firde ofslóh and áflímde hine sylfne, Jud. Thw. p. 163, 10. Ðá gelýfde ic him . . . beswang hine and tó heora sylfra dóme ágeaf, Blickl. Homl. 177, 24. III. standing alone :-- Oft gebyreþ, ðonne se scrift ongit ðæs costunga ðe hé him ondetteþ, ðæt eác self biþ mid ðǽm ilcum gecostod, Past. 16; Swt. 105, 20. Hit Scipia hám onbeád, . . . and eác self sǽde, ðá hé hám com, Ors. 4, 12; Swt. 208, 34. Seolf, Cd. Th. 143, 5; Gen. 2374. Nime fíf and beó sylf sixta, L. C. S. 44; Th. i. 402, 7, MSS. A. G. For hwon wríhst ðú sceome, and ðín sylf þecest líc, Cd. Th. 54, 15; Gen. 877. Is ðín ágen sprǽc innan fýren, sylf swíðe hát ignitum eloquium tuum vehementer, Ps. Th. 118, 140. Ðǽr habbaþ englas dreám, sanctas singaþ, ðæt is seolfa for God, Cd. Th. 286, 21; Sat. 355. Ðá onféng hé gáste. . . and sylfa his wunda áwráþ. Bd. 4, 22; S. 590, 36. Hé his torn gewræc selfes mihtum, Cd. Th. 4, 26; Gen. 59: Beo. Th. 1404; B. 700. Hé beáhhordes brúcan móste selfes dóme, 1794; B. 895. Sleáþ synnigne ofer seolfes múþ. Andr. Kmbl. 2602; An. 1302 : Cd. Th. 248, 17; Dan. 514. Gest hine clænsie sylfes áþe, L. Win. 20; Th. i. 40, 19. Sylfæs, 18; Th. i. 40, 14. Sylfum tó sconde to thine own shame, Exon. Th. 90, 27; Cri. 1480. Se swóre for sylfne æfter his rihte, L. R. 4; Th. i. 192, 6. Se cásere héht eft gearwian sylfe tó síðe, Elen. Kmbl. 1998; El. 1001. III a. along with a pronoun in dative :-- Biþ him self sunu and fæder ipsa sibi proles, suus est pater, Exon. Th. 224, 12; Ph. 374. Ðæt ðú ús sunnan onsende, and ðé sylf cyme, 8, 8; Cri. 114. Nime fíf and beó him sylf sixta, L. C. S. 44; Th. i. 402, 7. Him sylfa, 30; Th. i. 394, 5. Eall ðis mágon him sylfe geseón, Exon. Th. 69, 6; Cri. 1116. IV. denoting voluntary or independent action (not inflected?). Cf. Goth. Silbó airtha akran bairith GREEK Mk. 4, 28; and see self-déma, -líc, -sceaft, -will, -wille, -willende :-- Genim túncersan, sió ðe self weaxeþ, and mon ne sǽwþ. Lchdm. ii. 22, 12. Gif hé wíf self hæbbe gange hió út mid him. Gif se hláford him wíf sealde sié hió ðæs hláfordes if he have a wife that he got himself, let her go out with him. If the lord gave him a wife, she shall be the lord's, L. Alf. 11; Th. i. 46, 4. Gif hit cucu feoh wǽre and hé secgge ðæt hit self ácwǽle died a natural death, L. Alf. 28; Th. i. 52, 2. Marius and Silla gefóran him self, and Cinna wæs ofslagen, Ors. 5, 11; Swt. 236, 24. Hié woldon of ǽlcerre byrig him self anwald habban imperare singulae cupiunt, 3, 7; Swt. 112, 20. Hé ne mihte hine handum self mid hrægle wryón, Cd. Th. 95, 1; Gen. 1572. Ðonne wearp seó eorþe hit sóna sylf (of its own accord) of hire, Blickl. Homl. 127, 2. Ðone sylf ne mæg man áspyrigean man left to himself cannot investigate it, Elen. Kmbl. 930; El. 466. B. (the) same, (α) with a demonstrative :-- Ðú eart se sylfa God ðe ús ádrife fram dóme, Ps. Th. 107, 10. Ðæt ilce geþanc and seó sylfe carfulnyss ðe heom amang ðam nihtslǽpe wæs on heora heortan, eáll ðá hí áwacodon hí ðæt sylfe geþohton, Homl. Skt. i. 23, 441. Ðæt selfe wæter þegnunge gearwode beforan his fótum, Blickl. Homl. 247, 10. Weorðeþ sunne sweart gewended . . . Móna ðæt sylfe, Exon. Th. 58, 19; Cri. 938: 387, 25; Rä. 5, 10. Ic ðé sǽde ǽr on ðisse selfan béc (cf. on ðisse ilcan béc, Bt. 37, 1; Fox 186, 25), Met. 25, 54. On ðære sylfan nihte . . . On ðam sylfan mynstre, Bd. 4, 23; S. 595, 33, 36. On ðam sylfan leóhte, S. 596, 3. On ðam sylfan stede ðe ðú him settest, Ps. Th. 83, 6. Ðý sylfan dæge, Exon. Th. 71, 12; Cri. 1154: Menol. Fox 94; Men. 47. Dón ðæt selfe, Past. 44, 3; Swt. 323, 21. Ðæt seolfe, L. E. G. proem.; Th. i. 166, 9. Hí cumaþ tógeánes Antecriste . . . and beóþ ofslegen þurh ðone sylfan feónd, Ælfc. T. Grn. 3, 45. On ða sylfan tíde, Blickl. Homl. 171, 19. Heó tófereþ ðæt sár; ðæt sylfe heó déþ mid wíne gecnucud. Lchdm. i. 190, 18: Ps. Th. 81, 3: 83, 6 : 128, 1. His freónda forspǽc forstent him eal ðæt sylfe, swylce hit sylf spǽce, Wulfst. 38, 17. (β) alone :-- Ic mé on múþe mægene hæbbe, and ic sódfæst word on sylfan healde, Ps. Th. 118, 43. On selfe wísan in the same fashion, Lchdm. ii. 72, 17. [Goth. silba: O., Frs. O. Sax. O. L. Ger. self: O. H. Ger. selp: Icel. sjálfr.] v. selfe.
self-ǽta, an; m. An eater of those belonging to its own species, (applied to man) a cannibal, anthropophagus:-- Ðú scealt féran . . . ðǽr sylfǽtan eard weardigaþ . . . swá is ðære menigo þeáw, ðæt hié uncúðra ængum ne willaþ feores geunnan, Andr. Kmbl. 350; An. 175.
self-ǽte, an; f. A plant name, wild oat(?) :-- Selfǽte, eoforþrote, Lchdm. ii. 312, 15. Wyl on buteran selfǽtan, 80, 13. [Cockayne cites O. H. Ger. selbéza senecion, in. 344, col. 1.]
self-bana, an; m. One who kills himself, a suicide:-- Selfbona bictonatus (l. biothanalus, qui mortem sibi ipsi consciscit aut qui violenta morte peril). Wrt. Voc. ii. 126, 10. Selfbonan biolhanatas, 11. 69. Seolfbonan (-boran, MS.), 101, 74. Selfbanan biothanatos, Hpt. Gl. 469, 26.
self-cwalu, e; f. Self-slaughter, suicide:-- Sum sceal ful earmlíce ealdre linnan . . . and hine tó sylfcwale secgas nemnaþ speak of him as committing suicide, Exon. Th. 330, 24; Vy. 56. [Cf. We scole witan, þet nan seolfcwale, þet is aʒensclaʒa, ne cumeð to godes riche, O. E. Homl. i. 103, 3.]
self-, selfe-déma, an; m. One who depends upon his own judgment [cf. ǽlc ídel mon liofaþ æfter his ágenum dóme, Past. 39; Swt. 283, 21], used of a certain kind of monks called sarabaitae, monachi qui nulla regula approbati . . . proprio arbitratu vivunt :-- Þridde cyn is muneca ealra atelucost, sylfdémena (sarabaitarum), ðe nó on regules and láreówa tǽcinge ne beóþ áfandode, swá swá gold on heorðe . . . Ðæt feórþe muneca cyn ðe is wídscriþul genæmned . . . hié synt wyrsan ðænne ða sylfedéman (sylf-, MS. T.), R. Ben. 9, 10-10, 2. Hý áscyriaþ hý sylfe fram mynsterlícum þeáwum and heora ágenum lustum filiaþ, hý sint Egyptiscan gereorde genemnede sarabagite oððe renuite, ðæt ys sylfedéman and wiðersacan, 136, 12. [Cf. Icel. sjálf-dæmi judgment given in a case by one of the parties themselves.]
selfe; adv. In the same way, in combination with swá: cf. gelíce, same :-- Hé forlǽt lífes frumsceaft and his ágene æðelo swá selfe. Met. 17, 25. Hæfþ ða wilnunga welhwilc néten and ða yrsunga eác swá selfe, 20, 192, 199. [Cf. O. Sax. só self also, likewise; O. H. Ger. só selp (só), selp só sic, sicut.]
self-lic; adj. Of one's own accord, spontaneous, voluntary:-- Selflíces spontaneae, ultroneae, voluntariae, Hpt. Gl. 436, 75.
self-líce, es; n. Self-love, self-complacency, self-satisfaction, -conceit, arrogance:-- Ðonne ðæt selflíce gegriépþ ðæt mód þæs recceres amor proprius cum rectoris mentem ceperit, Past. 19, 1; Swt. 143, 5. Ðonne áhefþ hé hine on his móde . . . mid ðý selflíce se Déma biþ geniéded tó ðæm ierre, 4, 2; Swt. 39, 10. Ðæm lytegan is ǽresð tó beleánne hiera selflíce ðæt hié ne wénen ðæt hié sién wiése . . . hé biþ ǽr úpáhæfen on selflíce for his lotwrencium in sapientibus hoc primum destruendum est, quod se sapientes arbitrantur, 30, 1; Swt. 203, 9, 18. Ðýlæs hé sié áhafen on his móde and on oferméttum áþunden and þurh ðæt selflíce his gódan weorc forleóse ne perfecta opera tumor elationis extinguat, proem.; Swt. 25, 7. Hé hiene up áhefeþ on his móde on suelc gielp and on suelc selflíce se apud se per arrogantiam exaltat, 11, 4; Swt. 71, Ðæt freódóm ne gewende on selflíce and on ofermétto at libertas in superbiam non erumpat, 19, 3; Swt. 147, 3. Upáhafene þurh selflíce. Bt. 3, 4; Fox 6, 25.
self-líce; adj. Self-satisfied, self-complacent, conceited, arrogant:-- Oft se welega and se wædla habbaþ suá gehweorfed hira þeáwum ðæt se welega biþ eáðmód and sorgfull and se wædla biþ upáhæfen and selflíce plerumque personarum ordinem permutat qualitas morum, ut sit dives humilis, sit pauper elatus, Past. 26, 2; Swt. 183, 11. Selflícne secg the self-satisfied man, Met. Introd. 7.
self-myrþe (?); adj. Self-destructive:-- Betweónan sylfmyrþe inter biothonatas, Wrt. Voc. ii. 80, 2. v. next word.
self-myrþere (?), es; m. One who destroys himself, a suicide:-- Betweónan selfmyrþras (-an ? but cf. Icel. myrða to murder: O. H. Ger. murdit jugulal: Ger. morden) inter biolhanatas, Wrt. Voc. ii. 46, 61. Cf. self-bana.
self-sceaft, es; m. Self-shaping, spontaneous generation, applied to Adam, who had not father and mother :-- Adam maþelode ðǽr hé on eorþan stód selfsceafte guma a man by spontaneous generation. Cd. Th. 33, 20; Gen. 523.
self-will, es; n. (?) Self-will, one's own will, free-will:-- Be ðám ðe beóþ hyra sylfwilles (sua sponte) gefullode, L. Ecg. C. 17, tit.; Th. ii. 128, 30. Be selfwille ultro, Wrt. Voc. ii. 73, 27. Getǽc mé sumne mann ðara ðe ðé gesǽlegost þince and on his selfwille sý swíðost gewiten who most has had things his own way, Bt. 11. 1; Fox 32, 16. Gif ðú ne wilt wirde steóran ac on selfwille sígan lǽtest if thou wilt not guide fate, but lettest her go at her own will, Met. 4, 50. [Cf. O. H. Ger. (pí) selpwillin sponte, ultro; Icel. með, at sjálfvilja of one's own will.] v. self-willes.
self-wille; adj. Voluntary, spontaneous:-- Mid selfwilre spontanea, Hpt. Gl. 415, 11: spontaneo, volunlario, 439, 11. For ðan self-willan propter spontaneum, 413, 33. [Goth. silba-wiljós voluntarii, 2 Cor. 8, 3.]
self-willende; adj. Voluntary:-- Rén sylfwillendne pluviam voluntariam, Ps. Lamb. 67, 10 [Goth. silba-wiljandi galaith sua sponte profectus est,2 Cor. 8, 17: Icel. sjálf-viljandi.]
self-willes; adv. Voluntarily, of one's own accord:-- Selfwilles ultro, Wrt. Voc. ii. 92, 74. Sylfwilles sponte, Ælfc. Gr. 38; Zup. 234, 19: ultro, Zup. 237, 2. (1) of persons :-- Drihten ðe on róde Selfwilles þrowode, H. R. 17, 21. Ealle hyra unlustas hí sceolon gebétan sylfwylles on ðyssum lífe, oððe unþances æfter ðyssum lífe, Homl. Th. i. 148, 27, Wrýt nú sylfwylles ðæt ðú wiðsace Criste, Homl. Skt. i. 3, 379. Hé sylfwilles menniscnesse underféng, Wulfst. 15, 12. Hé gǽþ sylfwilles twá míla tó ánre geneádod, R. Ben. 28, 6. (2) of things :-- Ðonne his wæstmas weaxaþ sylfwilles quae sponte gignet humus, Lev. 25, 5. Sylfwilles (ultra) seó eorþe wæstm beraþ, Mk. Skt. 4, 28. v. self-will.
selian, sélla. v. sylian, sél.
sella, an; m. A giver:-- Ðone glædan syllan hilarem datorem, R. Ben. Interl. 25, 6.
sellan, sillan, sylian; p. salde, sealde; pp. sald, seald To give something (acc.) to somebody (dat.). I. of voluntary giving, to put. into the possession of a person, transfer ownership from one to another :-- Ic sello Werburge ðás lond, Chart. Th. 480, 30: 481, 5. Ðæt land ic sylle eów tó ágenne, Ex. 6, 8. Ealle ðás rícu ic sylle (sello, Lind.: selle, Rush.) ðé, Mt. Kmbl. 4, 9. Ðú sáwlum selest ginfæsta gifa, Met. 20, 226. Eówer Fæder syleþ (selleþ, Rush.) gód ðám ðe hyne biddaþ, Mt. Kmbl. 7, 11. Hig wǽron ðíne, and ðú hý sealdest mé, Jn. Skt. 17, 6. Salde inpendebat (cf. geben wæs inpendebatur, 21), Wrt. Voc. ii. in, 24. Ecgbryht salde Basse mæsseprióste Reculf mynster on tó tymbranne, Chr. 669; Erl. 34, 25. Hié saldon hiera nefum Wichte eálond, 534; Erl. 14, 33. Ðeáh Balac mé sille goldes án hús full, Num. 22, 18. Hí ne mágon sellan ðæt hí gehátaþ, Bt. 16, 1; Fox 90, 16. Nelle gé syllan (sella, Lind.) ðæt hálige hundum, Mt. Kmbl. 7, 6. Gé cunnun góde sylena eówrum bearnum syllan (sellan, Rush.), 7, 11. Biþ sald dabitur, Kent. Gl. 338. II. to give what one is bound to give, to pay tribute, offer, dedicate to God :-- Sylle mé ðín forme bearn. Dó eall swá of hríðerum . . . syle (reddas) hit mé on ðam ehtuþan dæge, Ex. 22, 29, 30. Norþmonnum niéde sceoldon gombon gieldan and gafol sellan, Cd. Th. 119, 12; Gen. 1978. Gafol syllan, Chr. 1006; Ell. 141, 10. Hí willaþ eów tó gafole gáras syllan, Byrht. Th. 133, 7; By. 46. Hié næfdan for him lamb tó syllenne, Blickl. Homl. 23, 26. III. to give, furnish or supply with food, medicine, poison, etc. -- Hwá sylþ ús flǽsc ? . . . Drihten eów silþ flǽsc and gé etaþ, Num. 11. 18. Byrelas sealdon wín of wunderfatum, Beo. Th. 2327; B. 1161. Hié him sealdon áttor drinccan, Blickl. Homl. 229, 16: Ealle ða mettas ge drincan ða ðe habban hát mægen and scearp sele þicgean, Lchdm. ii. 184, 10 (often in Leechdoms). Him man metsunge syllan sceolde. Chr. 1006; Erl. 141, 10. Hé wolde syllan his assan fóddur, Gen. 42, 27. III a. with infin. instead of acc.:-- Hwílum ic deórum drincan selle. Exon. Th. 393, 25; Rä. 13, 5. Gehwylc mé drincan sealde, 484, 24; Rä. 71, 6. IV. to give one thing for another. (a) to sell for (wið) a price :-- Ic sylle wið wirðe vendo, Ælfc. Gr. 28, 8; Zup. 181, 17. Hwí ne sealde heó ðás sealfe wið þrím hundred penegon, Jn. Skt. 12, 5. Sume man wið feó sealde, Chr. 1036; Erl. 164, 34: Blickl. Homl. 79, 22. (b) to sell at (to) a price :-- Sélre ys ðæt wé hine syllon tó ceápe Ysmahélitum, Gen. 37, 27. (c) to sell:-- Hé sylþ (vendit) eall ðæt hé áh, Mt. Kmbl. 13, 44. Hé worhte his weorc tó seofon nihtum, and sealde on ðone Sæternesdæg, Homl. Th: ii. 356, 6. Hí sealdon heora gymstánas, i. 62, 21. Ne eów ne ofþince ðæt gé mé sealdon (vendidistis) on ðis ríce, Gen. 45, 5. Syllaþ (vendite) ðæt gé ágon, Lk. Skt. 12, 33. Nán man hig ná undeóror ne sylle (sille, MS. D.); and gif hwá hí undeóror sylle, gilde ǽgðer .xl. scillinga, ge se ðe hí sylle ge se ðe hí bycge, L. Edg. ii. 8; Th. i. 270, 3-6. Móna se óðer on eallum þingum tó dóndum nytlíc ys, bicgan, syllan, scip ástígan, Lchdm. iii. 184, 13. Ða syllendan vendentes, Lk. Skt. 19, 45. (d) to give in payment :-- Hé sealde his ðone reádan gim, ðæt wæs his ðæt hálige blód, mid ðon hé ús gedyde dǽlnimende ðæs heofonlícan ríces. Blickl. Homl. 9, 36. Eall ðæt feoh ðe hié wið ðæm weorce sellan woldon, Ois. 4, 12; Swt. 210, 4. Syllan feoh wið freóde, Byrht. Th. 132, 58; By. 39. V. (a) to give into the keeping of, hand over, deliver, commit, entrust:-- Gif ðú mé sylst underwedd, Gen. 38, 17. Ic befæste ðé ðæt eówde ðæt ðú mé sealdest, Blickl. Homl. 191, 27. Hé hire sáule sealde Sarcte Michahele, 147, 13. Hé sealde his sweord ombihtþegne, Beo. Th. 1349; B. 672. Hié sealdon ánum unwísum þegne Miercna ríce tó haldanne, and hé him gíslas salde, Chr. 874; Erl. 76, 26-28. Hié sealdon hiera suna tó gíslum they gave their sons as hostages, Ors. 4, 11; Swt. 204, 4. Hí on wedde sealdon, hwæt hý hyre syllan woldon. Homl. As. 196, 24. Ðá wæs ic mid gýmenne mínra mága seald tó fédanne and tó lǽranne Abbude Benedicte, Bd. 5, 23; S. 647, 22. (b) to give a woman to be a man's wife :-- Ðá wolde se fæder hí sellan sumum æþelon men tó brýde. Shrn. 31, 6. Nyme hé hig tó rihtwífe. Gif se fæder hig him syllan nelle, Ex. 22, 17. (c) to give over to a hostile power, deliver up to. (1) with dat. :-- Ne syle (tradas) ðú unscyldigra sáwla deórum, Ps. Th. 73, 18. Ðý læs ðe ðín wiðerwinna ðé sylle ðám déman, and se déma ðé sylle ðam þéne, Mt. Kmbl. 5, 25. (2) without dat.:-- Ne syle mé ne ne send mé mid ðám synfullan ne tradas me cum peccatoribus, Ps. Th. 27, 3. (3) with prepositions :-- Hé sealde on edwít ðe mé ǽr trǽdan. Ps. Th. 56, 3. Hé sealde his folc sweordes under ecge, 77, 62. Ne syle mé tó ðara módes willan, 26, 14. Ne ðú mé ne syle on ðone biterestan deáþ, Blickl. Homl. 229, 26. Ne syle ðú mé in wíta forwyrd. Frag. Kmbl. 14; Leás. 9. Mannes sunu ys tó syllenne on manna handa, Mt. Kmbl. 17, 22. (4) with dat. and prep. :-- Drihten him sealde da burh on his handa, Jos. 10, 32. (d) with a bad sense, to deliver wrongfully, to betray; cf. colloquial to sell a person. Mannes sunu þú mid cosse sylst (seles, Rush.: selles, Lind.), Lk. Skt. 22, 48. Nú is gehende se ðe mé sylþ (seleþ, Rush.: selleþ, Lind.), Mk. Skt. 14, 42. Ðæt mon ne selle his weorðscipe fremdum menn, Past. 36; Swt. 249, 21. VI. to give up, yield up:-- Hé feorh seleþ he dies, Beo. Th. 2745; B. 1370. VII. to give forth, produce, be the source of:-- Ne seleþ ðé wæstmas eorþe. Cd. Th. 62, 17; Gen. 1015. Sume sealdon (saldun, Rush.: saldon, Lind.) wæstm, Mt. Kmbl. 13, 8. God lǽteþ hrusan syllan blǽda beornum, Runic pm. Kmbl. 341, 23; Rún. 12. VII a, to give light, emit sound :-- Sylle se friccea his stefne, Blickl. Homl. 163, 31. Leóht sellan, Bt: 6; Fox 14, 23. VIII. where the object is immaterial, (a) to give an answer, a pledge, a promise, etc. :-- Ic eów treówa míne selle, Cd. Th. 92, 29; Gen. 1536. Ic ðé wǽre míne selle, 132, 35; Gen. 2203. For ðínum gebode ðe ðú mé sealdest, Blickl. Homl. 241, 33. Se Hǽlend him ne sealde náne andsware, Jn. Skt. 19, 9. Hí sealdon áþas, Met. 1, 24. Him lof syllaþ, Ps. Th. 65, 1. Heora ǽlc sylle ðone áþ, ðæt . . ., L. Edg. S. 6; Th. i. 274, 15. ¶ where the object is expressed by a clause :-- Ic eów beháta and on hand selle, dæt gé sculon finden reste eowre sáwlen, Homl. As. 171. 29. Ðæt hý ealle ðam sémende syllan, ðæt cyninges mund stande, L. E. G. 12; Th. i. 174, 22. Slaga sceal his forspecan on hand syllan, and se forspeca mágum, ðæt se slaga wille bétan wið mǽgþe. Ðonne gebyreþ ðæt man sylle ðæs slagan forspecan on hand, ðæt se slaga móte mid griþe weddian, L. Edm. S. 7; Th. i. 250, 14-17. (b) to give leave, consent, forgiveness, etc. :-- Ðyssum wordum óðer ealdormann geþafunge sealde (tribuens assensum), Bd. 2, 13; S. 516, 13. Hé him ne sealde leáfe. Homl. Th. ii. 380, 5. Nis nán tweó ðæt hé forgifnesse syllan nelle ðám ðe hié geearnian willaþ, Blickl. Homl. 65, 8. (c) to give help, pain, peace, victory, etc. :-- Ic ðé míne sylle sibbe, Andr. Kmbl. 194; An. 97. Ðú sylest úrum leomum ræste, Blickl. Homl. 141, 11. Se ðe sigor seleþ, Cd. Th. 170, 5; Gen. 2808. Sile ðíne áre ðínum earminge, Hy. 2, 3. Ús fultum sile, 7, 80. Gif Drihten him sige syllan wolde, Bd. 3, 24; S. 556, 18. Ne biþ ðæm seald Drihtnes mildheortnes, Blickl. Homl. 49, 24. ¶ where the object is expressed by a clause :-- Ne syleþ hé só;ðfæstum, ðæt him ýþende mód innan hreðre. Ps. Th. 54, 22. Gúþláce engel sealde, ðæt him sweðraden synna lustas, Exon. Th. 109, 1; Gú. 83. Syle mé, ðæt ðú mé generige níða gehwylces, Ps. Th. 118, 169. (d) to give punishment, reward :-- Sealde him wítes clom, Cd. Th. 193, 11; Sat. 453. Leán sellende eallum, 240, 34; Dan. 396. (e) to give, endow with a capacity, life, sight, understanding, etc. :-- Ðú sylest andgit eallum eorþbúendum, Ps. Th. 118, 130. Ðú man geworhtest and him sealdest word and gewitt and wæstma gecynd, Hy. 9, 56. Ðú sealdest ǽlcre gecynde ágene wísan, 7, 66. Sealde hé dumbum gesprec, Andr. Kmbl. 1153; An. 577. Syle mé heortan clǽne, Ps. Grn. 50, 11. Æghwylc ðe him eágna gesihþ cyning syllan wolde, Exon. 350, 22; Sch. 67. Ðé biþ éce líf seald, Elen. Kmbl. 1052; El. 527. ¶ with the gerund :-- Heáh geweorc furþor áspyrgen ðonne him freá sylle tó ongietanne, Exon. Th. 348, 17; Sch. 29. (f) to give one's heart to a person :-- Nemne ic Gode sylle hýrsumne hige, Exon. Th. 124, 12; Gú. 338. [Goth. saljan to offer: O. Frs. sella to give, sell, pay: O. Sax. sellian to give: O. H. Ger. sellan traders: Icel. selja to hand over, to sell.] v. á-, be-, for-, ge-, ymb-sellan; un-seald.
sellend, es ; m. I. a giver:-- God gódra mægna sellend (dator), Rtl. 103, 36. Sigora sellend (the Deity), Exon. Th. 282, 24; Jul. 668; 359, 10; Pa. 64. Syllend, 284, 30; Jul. 705. Drihten se is ordfruma and syllend (largitor) ealra eádignesse, Bd. 4, 30; S. 609, 17. Hihton hí on God, ðæra góda syllend. Homl. Th. ii. 328, Hé lufaþ ðone glædan syllend, 212, 9. II. a betrayer:-- Se sellend his traditor ejus, Mk. Skt. Lind. Rush. 14, 44. v. ǽ-sellend.
sel-líc, selma, selmerige, selnes, sélost, sélra, seltra. v. seld-líc, sealma, sælmerige, seleness, sél, sæltna.
séma, an; m. An arbitrator, umpire:-- Séma (sýma, síma) sequester, Ælfc. Gr. 9, 18; Zup. 43, 16. v. séman.
séman; p. de; pp. ed. I. with acc. of person, (1) to bring to an agreement those who have a dispute :-- Ðá hét hé hié séman. Ðá wæs ic ðara monna sum ðe ðǽrtó genemned wǽran . . . Ðá wé hié sémdan then bade the king to bring them (the parties in a dispute about some land) to an agreement. Then was I one of the men who were nominated for the purpose . . . When we had brought them to an agreement. Chart. Th. 170, 6-35. (2) to satisfy a person in a matter of doubt or difficulty :-- Séme ic ðé recene ymb ða wrætlícan wiht, Salm. Kmbl. 504; Sal. 252. II. with acc. of thing, to settle a dispute :-- Hí sace sémaþ, sibbe gelǽraþ, Exon. Th. 334, 22; Gn. Ex. 20. III. used intransitively, to arbitrate, bring about agreement:-- Nán sacu ðe betweox preóstan sí ne beó gescoten tó worldmanna sóme, ac séman and sibbian heora ágene geféran, L. Edg. C. 7; Th. ii. 246, 6. Gif hé healt weorð, ðǽr mótan freónd séman, L. Ethb. 65; Th. i. 18, 14. v. geséman; sóm.
sémend, sǽmend, es; m. One who brings about agreement between parties in a dispute, an arbitrator, umpire :-- Ðæt hý ealle gemǽnum handum of ǽgðere mǽgþe on ánum wǽpne ðam sémende syllan, ðæt cyninges munde stande, L. E. G. 12; Th. i. 174, 22. Ymb .iii. niht; gesécæn hiom sǽmend, L. H. E. 10; Th. i. 30, 18. v. preceding word.
sémestre, semian, semle. v. seámestre, seomian, symble.
semnendlíce adv. By chance, fortuitously:-- Semnendlíce fortuito, Wrt. Voc. ii. 37, 10 : 80, 40 : fortuis, 84, 78.
semninga, senap. v. samnunga, senep.
senatus the senate, senators. The treatment of this word in the translation of Orosius is somewhat exceptional. The Latin form senatus occurs in the nom. and acc., but in the former senatas, senatum, and in the latter senatum, senatos are also used; in the gen. senatuses, senatusa are found, and in the dat. senatum; in every case but one (?) the word is plural. The Latin senator is also used, though the word witan is generally employed to denote the senators :-- Sceoldon ealle hiera senatus (senatas, Bos. 43, 5) cuman . . . sceoldon hiera senatus (-as) rídan, . Ors. 2, 4; Swt. 70, 24, 28. Ealle heora senatus senatores, 4, 9; Swt. 190, 19. Ealle ða senatus omnis senatus, 5, 12; Swt. 240, 13. Ðá wolde án (woldan, Bos. 70, 36) senatus hiene áweorpan . . . Ðá bæd his fæder ðæt ða senatum (altered to senatus in other MSS.) forgeáfen ðæm suna ðone gylt, 3, 10; Swt. 140, 14-16. Se consul bæd ðætte senatus him fultum sealdon, 4, 9; Swt. 192, 22. Ða senatus him hæfden ða dǽd forboden . . . Ne mehten ða senatus nǽnne consul under him findan, 4, 10; Swt. 196, 7 -- 10. Búton his ágnum fultume and búton ðara senatuses, 5, 12; Swt. 242, 1. Hé forneáh nánne ðara senatusa ne lét cucne plurimos senatorum ad mortem coegit, 6, 2; Swt. 256, 1. (Cf. Ðara senatornm xxxv triginta quinque senatores, 6, 4; Swt. 260, 23 : 6, 14; Swt. 268, 28. ) Hé sende tó ðǽm senatum ðæt hé ðæt irre gesette wið hié, 4, 11; Swt. 206, 26: 2, 6; Swt. 88, 12. Hé hit sǽde ðǽm senatum, ða wurdon hié alle wið hiene wiðerwearde senatus indignations motus, 6, 2; Swt. 254, 25: 5, 12; Swt. 244, 16. Romulus gesette senatum, 2, 4; Swt. 70, 36. Ðéh hé hit wið ða senatus hǽle, 4, 10; Swt. 196, 16. Hé sette senatus, 5, 12; Swt. 242, 28. Ðæt hé sprǽce wið ða senatos (-us other MSS.), 4, 11; Swt. 206,, 29: 4, 13; Swt. 210, 16: 5, 5; Swt. 226, 16.
sencan; p. te; pp. ed. I. to sink (trans.), plunge, immerse :-- Wæs his gewuna ðæt hé hine on ðam streáme sencte solebat in flumine supermeantibus undis immergi, Bd. 5, 12; S. 631, 22. II. to submerge, flood with water :-- Abraham wolde his sunu cwellan folmum sínum fýre(?)sencan mǽges dreóre [flood the pile with his son's blood), Cd. Th. 176, 4; Gen. 2906. Ne biþ flód tó sencende (tó stencende (?) dissipans) ða eorþan. Gen. 9, 11. [Forte reauin hire bodi and i þea sea senchen, Jul. 79, 1. Goth. saggkwjan : O. Sax. be-senkian; O. H. Ger. sencan mergere: Icel. sökkva.] v. á-, be-, ge-sencan.
sendan; p. sende; pp. sended, send To send, cause to go. I. where the object is a living thing, (i) to send after (æfter), on an errand, for a purpose, despatch:-- Ic sende ǽrendracan tó mínum hláforde. Gen. 32, 5. Ic eów sende swá swá sceáp gemang wulfas. Mt. Kmbl. 10, 16. Hé sent ǽrendracan, Lk. Skt. 14, 32. God sendeþ his engla gástas tó ǽrendwrecum, Blickl. Homl. 203, 14. Hé úsic sendeþ ðæt wé sóðfæstra mód oncyrren, Exon. Th. 261, 34; Jul. 325. Ða twegen leorningcnihtas ðe Crist sende æfter ðam assan, Homl. Th. i. 206, 23. Ðá sendon hí him hyra leorningcnihtas tó, Mt. Kmbl. 22, 16. Gif ðú wylt hine mid ús sendan, Gen. 43, 4. Hé mé on ðisne sið sendan wolde, Exon. Th. 460, 35; Hö. 27. Se ðe englas gehét wið mé tó sendenne, Blickl. Homl. 181, 26. Fram Gode hé is send, 247, 19. Óþ ðæt ðú gefylle ðíne þegnunge tó ðære ðe ðú sended eart, 233, 28; Hé senden (?) wæs tó hádianne, and Wilfreþ on Gallia ríce tó hádianne sended wæs. Bd. 4, 2; S. 566, 12, 13. Ðá wæs culufre sended, Cd. Th. 88, 13; Gen. 1464. Ealle Drihtnes apostolas beóþ sende ðé tó bebyrgenne, Blickl. Homl. 137, 27. (2) with a sense of compulsion or violence, to send to prison, into exile, etc. :-- Se ðec on wræc sendeþ, Cd. Th. 251, 26; Dan. 569. Se ðec sendeþ in ða sweartestan wítebrógan, Elen. Kmbl. 1858; El. 931. Hé hine on fýr and on wæter sende, Mk. Skt. 9, 22. Wé iii hæfdon cniehtas gebunden in fýres leóman, nú ic ðǽr iiii men sende tó síðe (cf. geseó tó sóðe in the version given. Cd. Th. 242, 8; Dan. 416), Exon. Th. 196, 16; Az. 175. Ðara ðe hé of hleó sende, Cd. Th. 7, 7; Gen. 102. Hié mé sendon on ðis carcern, Blickl. Homl. 237, 31. Hé wile ða sáula sendan on éce wítu, 95, 4: 125, 2. Wé wǽron on ðysne wræcsíþ sende, 23, 6. II. where the object is not a living creature, to send a message, present, help, etc. :-- Ðú senst úrne hláf dæghwamlíce, Hy. 7, 68. Dryhten sendeþ þurh monnes hond míne þearfe, Exon. Th. 121, 22; Gú. 292. Meotud monnum dǽleþ, syleþ sundorgiefe, sendeþ wíde ágne spéde, 293 23; Crá. 5. Sende ic Wylfingum ealde mádmas, Beo. Th. 946; B. 471. Ðé sende God ðás helpe. Cd. Th. 33, 15; Gen. 520. Sende ðá his béne fore bearn Godes, Andr. Kmbl. 3224; An. 1615. Sendon hira béne fore bearn Godes, 2055; An. 1030. Þinga gehwylces ðara ðe ðú mé sendan wylle tó cunnunge, Exon. Th. 453, 32; Hy. 4, 23. Ǽrendgewrit suelce hit from ús send sié, Past. 32; Swt. 213, 18. III. to send, move to a place of rest, put, lay:-- Ic sende míne hond on ðás fǽmnan I will lay my hand on this woman, Shrn. 130, 27. Ðú sáwle sendest intó ðam flǽsce, Hy. 7, 4. Ðonne se wæstm hine forþbringþ, sóna hé sent his sicol. Mk. Skt. 4, 29. Sumum wordlaþe sendeþ on his módes gemynd Exon. Th. 41, 32;Cri, 664. In eorþan fæþm sendaþ líchoman, 231, 12; Ph. 488. Ælmihtig eácenne gást in sefan sende, Cd. Th. 246, 28; Dan. 486 : Beo. Th. 3688; B. 1842. Hié sendon ráp on his sweoran. Blickl. Homl. 241, 24. Ðæt on ðone hálgan handa sendan fæderas ússe, Elen. Kmbl. 912; El. 457. Uton sendon ráp on his swyran, Blickl. Homl. 241, 10. IV. with a stronger sense of motion, to send a missile, cast lots, throw, hurl:-- (a) Ðonne sceótend sendaþ flángeweorc, Exon. Th. 42, 20; Cri. 675. 'Nú, anlícnes, sænd mycel wæter þurh þínne múþ.' Sió onlícnes sendde mycel wæter þurh hiora múþ, Blickl. Homl. 245, 20-24. Gúþfrecan gáras sendon in heardra gemang, Judth. Thw. 24, 35; Jud. 224. Hié sendon hlot him betweónum, Blickl. Homl. 229, 5. Send ðé nyþer of ðisse heánesse, 27, 12. Ðá hét ic feá strǽla sendan in ða burh innan. Nar. 10, 22. Hé geseh ða welegan hyra lác sendan on ðone sceoppan, Lk. Skt. 21, 1. Sendende hyra nett on ða sǽ, Mt. Kmbl. 4, 18. Seó strǽl wæs sended, Blickl. Homl. 199, 22. (b) of the operations of Nature, to send rain, fire, etc. :-- Drihten sende regn. Cd. Th. 82, 33; Gen. 1371. Him brego engla wylmhátne líg tó wræce sende, 156, 6; Gen. 2584. God eástan sende leóhtne leóman, Judth. Thw. 24, 16; Jud. 190. Sceolde hé sendan þunras and lýgetu. Bt. 35, 4; Fox 162, 13. Ic sendan gefrægn swegles aldor swefl of heofonum. Cd. Th. 153, 17; Gen. 2540. (c) to send punishment, pestilence, etc. :-- Drihten sende on hié máran wræce. Blickl. Homl. 79, 9. Ðæt God wolde sendan hungor and ádla on manna ceáp. Wulfst. 209, 28. V. to send forth, emit a sound :-- Heofenfuglas sendaþ stefne mycle dabunt voces suas, Ps. Th. 103, II. VI. where the object is not expressed, to send a message or a messenger. (1) to or after (tó, æfter) a person or thing, to send f or (æfter) :-- Hér sende se cyng tó ðam here. Chr. 1011; Erl. 144, 20: 1048; Erl. 180, 9. Ðá sende se cing æfter ðám scypon, 1049; Erl. 172, 39. Ðá sende se cyng æfter eallon his witan, 1048; Erl. 178, 13, Hí sendon on Perse æfter Conone, Ors. 3, 1; Swt. 98, 19. Ðá sendon hié on Affrice tó Cartaginenses æfter fultume, 4, 1; Swt. 160, 2. Ðæt hié tó Róme sendon tó ðæm pápan, Blickl. Homl. 205, 19. (2) where the person or thing sent to or for is not stated :-- Hí sendon geond eall ðæt land, and brohton tó him ealle untrume, Mt. Kmbl. 14, 35. [Goth. sandjan : O. Frs. senda : O. Sax. sendian : O. H. Ger. sentan : Icel. senda.] v. á-, ágén-, for-, fore-, geond-, in-, of-, ofer-, on-, tó-sendan.
sendeþ, Beo. Th. 1204; B. 600. v. scendan.
sendlíc; adj. To be sent:-- Ða sendlícan gebroðra on wege dirigendi fratres in viam, R. Ben. Interl. 113, 4.
sendness, e; f. A sending, dismission:-- Sendnessa missarum (Low Latin missa dimissio). Wrt. Voc. ii. 56, 71 : 80, 70.
senep (-ap, -op), es; m. Mustard:-- Senep sinapis, Wrt. Voc. i. 31, 47. Senap, 69, 20. On ða gelícnesse geworht ðe senop biþ getemprod tó inwísan. Lchdm. ii. 184, 22. Gelíc senepes corne, Mt. Kmbl. 13, 31 : Lk. Skt. 13, 19. Senepes sǽd. Mk. Skt. 4, 31: Lchdm. ii. 20, 11. Mid sinope gníde, 186, 6. Gerénodne senep, 184, 9 : 20, 22. [Goth. sinapis (gen.) : O. H. Ger. senaf: Ger. senf.]
senep-sǽd, es; n. Mustard-seed:-- Nim senepsǽd, Lchdm. iii. 88, 15.
sengan; p. de; p. ed To singe, scorch:-- Gýme eác swán ðæt hé æfter sticunge his slyhtswýn wel behweorfe, sæncge, L. R. S. 6; Th. i. 436, 16. [Chauc, senge; pp. seind : Prompt. Parv. sengiñ uslulare: O. Frs. senga : M. H. Ger. sengen : Du. zengen : cf. Icel. sangr burnt, scorched; sengja a singed taste.] v. be-sengan, unbesenged; singan.
sénian, senn, seuoþ, seó (pron.), seó (verb), v. segnian, synn, seonoþ, se, sí.
seó; gen. seón, seó; acc. seón, seó; f. m. (?) The pupil, apple of the eye:-- Seó pupilla vel pupula, Wrt. Voc. i. 43, 1: 64, 40 : papilla, papula, 282, 53, 54. Seó sceal in eágan, Exon. Th. 341, 8; Gn. Ex. 123. Ðæs (ðære?) seó hringc circulus, Wrt. Voc. i. 42, 72. Hé heóld hig swá his eágan seón (quasi pupillam oculi sui), Deut. 32, 10 : Ps. Spl. 16, 9. Seán, Ps. Surt. 16, 8. Sión, Kent. Gl. 177. Swylce hé hreppe ða seó mínes eágan, Homl. Th. i. 390, 15 : 516, 23. Seón pupillae, Wrt. Voc. i. 65, 8. Seóna pupillarum, Hpt. Gl. 404, 28. Sión pupillis. Lchdm. i. lxx, 6. Seóum, lxxiv, 7. [O. H. Ger. seha (acc. sehun. sehe, n. pl. seha, sehun, v. Grff. vi. 123) pupilla, acies.]
seóc ; adj. Sick, ill. I. of bodily infirmity or disease :-- Sum seóc man quidam languens. Jn. Skt. II, I. Se is seóc infirmatur, 3. Hé seóc wæs infirmabatur, 6. Seóc hé biþ ðe tó seldan ieteþ. Exon. Th. 340, 16; Gn. Ex. III. Seonobennum seóc, 328, 17; Vy. 19: Beo. Th. 5473; B. 2740 : 5800; B. 2904. Gif mon sý ðære healfdǽdan ádle seóc, Lchdm. ii. 284, 31. Seó lange mettrumnes ðæs seócan mannes, Blickl. Homl. 59, 28. Swá swá lǽca gewuna is ðonne hió seócne (siócne, Cott. MS.) mon gesióþ, Bt. 36, 4; Fox 178, 26. Ða ðe on sáre seóce lágun, Exon. Th. 83, 15; Cri. 1356. Feóllon wergend bennum seóce, Cd. Th. 118, 29; Gen. 1972. Seócra. manna hús nosocomium, Wrt. Voc. i. 58, 52. Ofer seóce (aegrotos) hí hyra handa settaþ and hí beóþ hále, Mk. Skt. 16, 18. ¶ used as a noun :-- þurh his hrepunge beóþ gestrangode ða unstrangan seócan, Homl. Skt. i. 7, 54. II. of moral disease :-- Hǽðne wǽron begen, synnum seóce, Exon. Th. 246, 21; Jul. 65. Gif hé his seócum ðæt is synfullum dǽdum ealle lácnunge gegearwade si morbidis eorum actionibus universa fuerit cura exibita, R. Ben. 11, 5. III. of mental disquiet, sick at heart, ill at ease, sad:-- Ne beó ðú on sefan tó seóc, Exon. Th. 166, 29; Gú. 1050. Seóc and sorhful, Cd. Th. 281, 20; Sat. 275. Ic ðysne sang síðgeómor fand on seócum sefan, Apstls. Kmbl. 3; Ap. 2. Wéna mé ðíne seóce gedydon, Exon. Th. 380, 26; Rä. I. 14. [Laym, seoc, seac, sec, sæc: Orm. seoc, sec: A. R. sec, sic: Chauc. sek, sik: Wick. seek, siik: Ayenb. zik: Prompt. Parv. seek: Goth. siuks: O. Sax. seok, siok, siak : O. Frs. siak, siek : O. H. Ger. sioh, siuh, sieh: Ger. siech : Icel. sjúkr.] v. bræc-, brægen-, deófol-, ellen-, fefer-, feónd-, feorh-, fylle-, gebræc-, gewit-, heaðu-, lifer-, lim-, milte-, mód-, món-, mónaþ-, morgen-, scín-, wæter-, wamb-, wan-, wit-seóc.
seócen (?); adj. Troubled with sickness:-- On ðás seócnan (seócan ?) tíd in this time of sickness, Exon. Th. 166, 11; Gú. 1041.
seócness, e; f. Sickness, illness, disease:-- Ðæt God wolde sendan ærest hungor and ádla on manna ceáp, ǽr ðæt fýr cóme on heó, and heó mid mislícre seócnesse æt mannum genyman. Wulfst. 209, 30. v. deóful-, fylle-, lifer-, mód-, mónaþ-, ofer-, wæter-seócness.
seód, es; m. A money-bag, purse, pouch:-- Seód marsupium vel marsippa (cf. marsupium a purse, 197, 16), Wrt. Voc. i. 40, 65: 83, 12. Kyninga seód fiscus, ii. 39, 80. Ðá ic eów sende bútan seóde (sacculo) and codde . . . Se ðe hæfþ seód gelíce nime codd. Lk. Skt. 22, 35, 36. Seódas marsupia, Hpt. Gl. 500, 40 : Wrt. Voc. ii. 55, 9. Siódas, 84, 37. Ðæt feoh ðæt hí hæfdon on heora seódurn, Homl. Skt. i. 23, 262. Seódas loculos, Wrt. Voc. ii. 52, 22 : 74, 18. Wyrcaþ seódas (seádas, Rush. : seádo, Lind. sacculos) ða ðe ne forealdigeaþ, Lk. Skt. 12, 33. Seádo loculos, Jn. Skt. Lind. 12, 6. Seódas, Blickl. Homl. 69, 11. [Icel. sjóðr a money-bag : cf. O. H. Ger. siut sutura.]
seód-cist, e; f. A coffer:-- Seódcist (seód, cist ?) loculum, Wrt. Voc. ii. 74, 46. Seódcyst, 52, 23.
seodu, seofa, seofan, seofen. v. sidu, sefa, seofon.
seófian, séfian, sýfian; p. ode. I. trans. To lament, complain of:-- His sylfes earfoþu hé seófaþ tó Drihtne, Ps. Th. 3, arg. Gilleþ geómorlíce and his gyrn séfaþ, Salm. Kmbl. 536; Sal. 267. Hé seófode his ungelimp tó Drihtne, Ps. Th. 7, arg.: 3, arg. Hleahtor álegdon sorge seófedon laughter they laid aside, woes they bewailed. Exon. Th. 116, 2; Gú. 201. Ne forlǽt hé nó ða seófunga ðæt hé ne seófige his eormþa humanum miseras haud ideo genus. cesset flere querelas, Bt. 7, 4; Bt. 22, 29. Sege mé hwæðer ðú mid rihte mǽge seófian (siófian, Cott. MS.) ðína unsǽlþa poterisne de infortunio jure caussari ? 10; Fox 28, 8. Ðonne hí sceoldan hiora sár siófian, ðonne grymetodan hí, 38, 1; Fox 194, 35 : Met. 26, 82. Ongan síðfæt seófian, sár cwánian, Exon. Th. 274, 22; Jul. 537. Synna bemǽnan and sárlíce sýfian (síf-, seóf-), Wulfst. 133, 14. Hú Boetius his sár seófiende wæs, Bt. tit. 2; Fox x, 4. ¶ with cognate accusative :-- Seó seófung ðe ðú siófodost the complaint you made, 41, 3; Fox 246, 26. II. intrans. To lament, complain of (be, ymbe):-- Hwæt (why) seófast ðú wið mé quid igifur ingemiscis ? Bt. 7, 3; Fox 20, 14. Hí seófiaþ be heora feóndum, Ps. Th. 10, arg. Be ludan Scarioth hé seófode tó Drihtne, 3, arg. Seófade, seáfade &l-bar; (ge)mǽnde ingemescens, Mk. Skt. Lind. Rush. 8, 12. Ceare seófedun ymb heortan, Exon. Th. 306, 20; Scef. 10. Ðá ongunnon ða híwan seófian be ðære untrumnysse cum familiares de infirmitate quererentur, Bd. 3, 9; S. 534, 6. Ne sceal hé sýfian (seófian, MS. T.) ne mǽnan ymb woruldspéda ne causetur de minore substantia, R. Ben. 14, 13. Seófende wæs maerens erat, Mk. Skt. Lind. Rush. 10, 22. Be ðæm Dryhten siófigende cwæð unde Dominus queritur dicens, Past. 48, 3; Swt. 369, 4. Sceal ic siófigende wópe gewǽged wreccea giómor singan sárcwidas flebilis moestos cogor inire modos, Met. 2, 2, III.uncertain :-- Sýfaþ causatur, i. querelatur, causam dicit, Wrt. Voc. ii. 130, 10. Seófade causavit, 130, 11, Sýfiende cupide, i. avare, 137, 36, 64. Seóbgendum querulis, 106, 9. [Cf. O. H. Ger. súftón gemere, ingemiscere, suspirare: Ger. seufzen.]
seofon, syfon; when used without a following noun it is declined, nom., acc. seofone; g. seofona; d. seofonum. Seven, (1) as adjective :-- Mid ús wǽron seofun (-on, MS. A.) gebróðru, Mt. Kmbl. 22, 25. Ða seofon gódan geár, Gen. 41, 53. His heres wæs seofon hund þusenda. Ors. 2, 5; Swt. 78, 10. Seofon nihta fyrst, Elen. Kmbl. 1385; El. 694. On ðám seofon wæstmbǽron geárum, Gen. 41, 47. Hé ábád óðre seofon dagas, 8, 10. Hé him tó genymþ seofun (-en, MS. A.: seofona, Lind.: siofun, Rush.) óðre gástas, Mt. Kmbl. 12, 45. (2) without a following noun :-- Ðá nam se þridda hig, and swá ealle seofone (-ene, MS. A.: seofono, Lind.: ða siofune, Rush.), Lk. Skt. 20, 31. Ealle seofon (-en, MS. A.: -an, MS. B.: ða seofona, Lind.: ða siofune, Rush.) hí hæfdon, Mk. Skt. 12, 22. Hwylces ðara seofona biþ ðæt wíf, 12, 23. Hwylces ðæra sufona (seofena, MS. A.: of ðæm seofonum, Lind.: ðara siofuna, Rush.), Mt. Kmbl. 22, 28. Ðá com seofona sum, Andr. Kmbl. 2623; An. 1313. Mid feáwum bróðrum, ðæt is seofonum oððe eahtum, Bd. 4, 3; S. 567, 4. Ðú seofone genim tudra gehwilces, Cd. Th. 80, 27; Gen. 1335. Geseh hé hyrdas standan seofone ætsomne. Andr. Kmbl. 1987; An. 996. Syfone, Beo. Th. 6235; 8. 3122. [Goth. sibun: O. Sax. siƀun: O. Frs. saven, sigun : O. H. Ger. sibun : Icel. sjau.]
seofon-feald; adj. Sevenfold:-- Seofonfeald wracu biþ sealde for Cain and hundseofontig seofonfeald for Lamech, Gen. 4, 24. Hé onbryrt úre mód mid seofonfealdre gife, Homl. Th. i. 326, 12. Gyld seofonfealde wrace, Ps. Th. 78, 13 : Gen. 4, 15. Him ofer wacedon syfanfealde weardes, Homl. Skt. i. 3, 271.
seofonfealdlíce; adv. Sevenfold, seven times:-- Geclásnad seofenfaldlíce purgatum septuplum, Ps. Surt. 11. 7: 78, 12.
seofon-leáfe, an; f. Seven-leaves, setfoil; potentilla tormentilla :-- Seofenleáfe. Ðeós wyrt ðe man eplafilon and óðrum naman septifolium nemneþ and eác sume men seofenleáfe. Lchdm. i. 232, 1-3. [Cf. O. H. Ger. sibun-blat heptaphyllon.]
seofon-nihte; adj. Seven days old:-- Se .vii. nihta móna is gód on tó fixiane, Lchdm. iii. 178, 13. On .vii. nihtne mónan, 178, 9.
seofon-stirre, es; n. The Pleiades:-- Sifunsterre (sibun-) pliadas, Txts. 86, 762. [Cf. O. H. Ger. sibun-stirni, -stirri, es; n. pliades, orion: Ger. sieben-gestirn : Icel. sjau-stirni; n. the Pleiades,]
seofonteópa, -teogoþa seventeenth:-- Se wæs seofonteogeþa fram Agusto, Bd. 1. 5; S. 476, 6. Ðý seofonteóþan dæge, 3, 24; S. 557, 12. On ðone seofenteóþan dæge ðæs mónþes, Gen. 7, 11. Seofontegðan, Shrn. 91, 32.
-seofontig. v. hund-seofontig.
seofon-tíne seventeen:-- Æfter seofentýnum nihtgerímes, Menol. Fox 50; Men. 25. Hé lyfode seofentýne gér, Gen. 47, 28. Seofontýne, Bd. 1. 5; S. 476, 7: 2, 15; S. 519, 13.
seofontíne-nihte; adj. Seventeen days old:-- On .xvii, nihte móne, Lchdm. iii. 180, 7.
seofon-wintre; adj. Seven years old:-- Mid ðý ic wæs seofonwintre cum essem annorum septem, Bd. 5, 23; S. 647, 21. Ic wæs syfanwintre, Beo. Th. 4847; B. 2428. Ðá ðá hé syfonwintre wæs, Homl. Skt. i. 3, 5. [Icel. sjau-vetra seven years old.]
seofoþa seventh:-- Tó ðære seofoþan (ðió seofunda, Lind.: ðý siofunda, Rush. ) tíde, Jn. Skt. 4, 52. Óþ ðone seofoþan (tó ðæm seofunda, Lind.: siofund, Rush.), Mt. Kmbl. 22, 26. On ðone seofeþan dæg, Gen. 2, 2.
seófung, e; f. Lamenting, complaining, complaint:-- Hwí biþ elles swelc seófung and swelce dómas unde forenses querimoniae ? Bt. 26, 2; Fox 92, 16. Ðis is seó ealde siófung ðe ðú longe siófodost (siófodes, Cott. MS.) vetus haec est querela, 41, 3; Fox 246, 25. Ne beó dó tó ceástful; of irsunge wyxt seófung. Prov. Kmbl. 23. Ic ne mæg ádreohan ðíne seófunga for ðam lytlan ðe ðú forlure. Bt. 11. 1; Fox 30, 20. Forlǽtan ða seófunga his eormþa miseras fugare querelas, 29, 3; Fox 106, 20: Met. 16, 7. v. sár-seófung; seófian.
seohhe, an; f. A strainer:-- Seohhe colatorium, Wrt. Voc. i. 24, 52. Man sceal habban seohhan, Anglia ix. 264, 18. [A mylke syne colum, Prompt. Parv. 79, note 1. A sigh-clout, Halliwell Dict. (under sie). Sye-dish a milk-strainer, E. D. S. Pub. country words, 6. Cf. O. H. Ger. sína colum, colatorium: Ger. seche: Icel. sía a strainer.] v. seón to strain, seohtre.
seoh-tor[r] (?), es; m. A look-out place (?) :-- Ofer ðone cnol tó ðæn seohtore (-torre?), Cod. Dip. Kmbl. iii. 451, 14.
seohtre, sihtre, an; f. A pipe through which a small stream is directed, a drain:-- Andlang seohtran, Cod. Dip. B. i. 295, 11. Tó ðare reádan sihtran, 296, 28. In wǽtan sihtran (cf. síce, 382, 7); of ðam wǽtan síce, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. iii. 386, 10. Ad locum qui dicitur hylsan seohtra, 373, 12.
seol, seolc, seolcan, seolcen, seolc-wyrm, seolf. v. seolh, seoluc, áseolcan, seolucen, seoluc-wyrm, self.
seolfor, siolufr, silofr, sylfor (-er, -ut), es; n. Silver:-- Seolfor argentum, Wrt. Voc. ii. 8, 52. Seolfer, i. 85, 7. Seolfur, Ps. Th. 134, 15. Feówer hund scillinga seolfres. Gen. 23, 16. Fiftig yntsena seolfres, Deut. 22, 29. Hwítes seolfres. Jos. 7, 21. Silofres, Salm. Kmbl. 62, MS. B.; Sal. 31. Siolufres (siolofres, Cott. MSS.), Past. 37; Swt. 269, 4. Tó siolofre, Swt. 266. 10. Ic sealde siolfor (sylofr, Cott. MSS.), 48; Swt. 369, 6. Silofr, Swt. 368, 20. Hwítan seolfre bétan, Cd. Th. 165, 14; Gen. 2731. Sylfore, Exon. Th. 395, 4; Rä. 15, 2. Næbbe gé seolfer (sulfer, Lind.: sylfur, Rush.), Mt. Kmbl. 10, 9. Wénst dú ðæt wé ðínes hláfordes seolfor stǽlon, Gen. 44, 8. Sealde him tó bóte gangende feoh and glæd seolfor, Cd. Th. 164, 24; Gen. 2719. [Goth. silubr : O. Frs. selover, selver, silver: O. Sax. siluƀar, siloƀar: O. H. Ger. silabar, silbar: Icel. silfr.] v. cwic-seolfor.
seolfor-fæt, es; n. A vessel of silver:-- Seolforfatum argenteis vasis, Bd. 4, 1; S. 563, 21. [O. H. Ger. silbar-faz. Cf. Icel. silfr-bolli, and many similar cpds.]
seolfor-gewiht, es; m. Silver-weight, the scale of weight by which silver is weighed, where the pound is of sixteen ounces :-- Se sester sceal wegan twá pund be sylfyrgewyht, Lchdm. iii. 92, 14. v. sester, II.
seolfor-hammen; adj. Silver-coated:-- Ǽnne seolforhammenne blǽdhorn. Chart. Th. 559, 24.
seolfor-hilt; adj. Silver-hilted:-- Ic geann mínon bréðer ánes seolfer-hiltes swurdes, Chart. Th. 560, 10. Ðæs sealferhiltan swurdes ðe Ulfcytel áhte, 559, 13.
seolfor-hilted; adj. Silver-hilted:-- Twá seolforhilted sweord, Chart. Th. 544, 4.
seolfor-smiþ, es; m. A silver-smith, worker in silver:-- Seolforsmiþ argenlarius, Wrt. Voc. i. 73, 31. Seolfersmiþ, 47, 13. Ic hæbbe smiþas . . . seolforsmiþ habeo fabros . . . argentarium, Coll. Monast. Th. 29, 35. [O. H. Ger. silbar-smid: Icel. silfr-smiðr.]
seolfor-stycce, es; m. A piece of silver, a coin:-- Ðæt þrítig seolfor-sticca the thirty pieces of silver (given to Judas), Anglia xi. 8, 3.
seolfren, seolofren, seolfern, silfren, sylofren, sylfren; adj. Silvern, of silver:-- Sylofren sinc, Met. 21, 21. Glæsen fæt on seolfrenre racenteáge, Blickl. Homl. 209, 4. In seolfren fæt belúcan. Elen. Kmbl. 2050; El. 1026. Hafaþ silfren (seolofren, MS. B.) leáf, Salm. Kmbl. 129; Sal. 64. Nim mínne sylfrenan læfyl. Gen. 44, 2 : Bd. 1. 25; S. 487, 3. Seolferne silver coins, Mt. Kmbl. p. 20, 2. Sylfrenu (selfrenu, Cott. MS.) fatu, Bt. 36, 1; Fox 172, 19. Ða seolfrenan stánas, 34, 8; Fox 144, 31. Sweopum seolfrynum, Salm. Kmbl. 287; Sal. 143. Sylfrenum. Homl. Th. ii. 212, 30. Ne wyrce gé sylfrene godas, Ex. 20, 23: 3, 22. [Goth. silubreins: O. Frs. selvirn: O. Sax. silubrin: O. H. Ger. silbarín.]
seolfrian. v. be-, ofer-seolfrian.
seolh; gen. seoles; m. A seal, sealgh, selcht (v. Jamieson's Dict.), sea-calf:-- Seolh focca, Wrt. Voc. ii. 149, 81: bromus marinus, i. 22, 54: focus, 281, 58. Seol foca, 55, 79: focus, ii. 38, 48. Ðás wyrt onsænde seolh ofer sǽs hrygc. Lchdm. iii. 34, 15. Of seoles hýde, Ors. 1, 1; Swt. 18, 18. Sioles, 18, 23. Seolas vituli marini, Bd. 1, 1; S. 473, 16. [O. H. Ger. selan : Icel. selr.]
seolh-bæþ, es; n. The seal's bath, the sea (cf. fisces, ganotes bæþ) :-- Mec wind wíde bær ofer seolhbaþo, Exon. 392, 21; Rä. 11, 11.
seolh-wæd (?), -pæð (?), es; n. The seal's ford, path, the sea:-- Hié on ýðum æðelinga wunn ofer seolhwaðu (-wadu ?, -paðu ?) geseón mihton, Andr. Kmbl. 3424; An. 1716. Cf. preceding word and mearc-pæð, -wæd.
seolh-ýða (?); pl. The waves where the seal swims:-- Oferswam ðá sioleða (siolýða ? cf. flóda, holma begang. Or (?) sioleþ still water. Cf. Goth. ana-silan : Swed. dial. sil still water. v. Heyne's note) bigong sunu Ecgþeówes, Beo. Th. 4723; B. 2367.
seoluc (-oc), seolc, es; m. Silk:-- Seolc sericum, Wrt. Voc. i. 40, 2. Gód geolo seoluc, Lchdm. ii. 10, 16 : 106, 22. Seowa mid seolce fæste, smire mid ðære sealfe ǽr se seoloc rotige, 56, 7-8: 358, 25. Heora wǽda sioloce siowian, Met. 8, 24. Gyf man mǽte ðæt hé seoluc oððe godweb hæbbe, Lchdm. iii. 174, 29. [Icel. silki. From Latin sericum (?). But see Kluge, Etymol. Wörterb. under seide.]
seolucen, seolcen; adj. Silken, of silk:-- Seolcen bombicinum, Wrt. Voc. i. 39, 72. Siolcen, ii. 11, 67: 75, 74. Seolcen gegerla bombicinium, 126, 50. Seolcen áb tramasericum, i. 40, 4. Seolce[n] hnygele platum, 40, 38. Silcen serica, Hpt. Gl. 417, 37. Seolocenra hrægla, Bt. 15; Fox 48, 11. v. eal-seolcen.
seoluc-wyrm, es; m. A silk-worm:-- Siolucwyrm bombix, Wrt. Voc. ii. 12, 22. Seolcwyrm, i. 24, 6 : 40, 1.
seomian, siomian, semian; p. ode To rest, (1) to remain suspended, to hang, to lower as a cloud :-- Hit bærneþ boldgetimbru, seomaþ steáp, Salm. Kmbl. 827; Sal. 413. Deorc deáþscúa seomade the dark shadow of death hung over them, Beo. Th. 324; B. 161. Sum sceal on galgan rídan, seomian æt swylte, Exon. 329, 14; Vy. 34. Mæst sceal on ceóle segelgyrd seomian the mast shall be fixed in a boat and the yard hang from it, Menol. Fox 509; Gn. C. 25. Hé siomian geseah segn, Beo. Th. 5527; B. 2767. Geseah deorc gesweorc semian, Cd. Th. 7, 20; Gen. 109. (2) to remain supported, to lie so as to press, lie heavily, lie securely :-- Se wong seomaþ eádig and onsund, Exon. Th. 199, 2; Ph. 19. Seomaþ (-ad, MS.) wír ymbe ðone wælgim. 400, 19; Rä. 21, 3. Seomaþ sorgcearig lies troubled, 285, 4; Jul. 709. Hé siomode in sorgum seofon nihta fyrst, Elen. Kmbl. 1384; El. 694. Flota stille bád, seomode on sole scip, Beo. Th. 609; B. 302. Heó on wrace seomodon, Cd. Th. 5, 15; Gen. 72. Him on healfa gehwam hettend seomedon mægen oððe merestreám on each side of them lay foes pressing, the Egyptian force or the Red Sea, 191, 4; Exod. 209. Ðǽr ic seomian wát ðínne sigebróðor I know thy brother lies in prison there, Andr. Kmbl. 365; An. 183.
seó-mint, plant name, altea vel eviscus. Wrt. Voc. i. 32, 12. v. sǽminte.
seón to be:-- See esse, Mt. Kmbl. p. 1, 11. v. eom, sí.
seón; p. seah, pl. sáwon, sǽgon, ségon; pp. sewen, sawen. I. to see with the eyes, (1) with acc.:-- Oft ic wíg seó, Exon. Th. 388, 6; Rä. 6. 3. Ic seah wundorlíce . wiht, 495, 1; Rä. 84, 1. Ne seah ic medudreám máran, Beo. Th. 4033; B. 2014. Hí wuldres þegn eágum sáwon, Andr. Kmbl. 3355; An. 1681. Ðæs ðe (hió) ælda bearn eágum sáwe, Exon. Th. 493, 7; Rä. 81, 26. Eode scealc monig searowundor seón, Beo. Th. 1844; B. 920: 2735; B. 1365 : Cd. Th. 125, 25; Gen. 2084. (2) with acc. and infin.:-- Ic seah turf tredan .vi. gebróðor, Exon. Th. 394, 10; Rä. 14, 1: 400, 1; Rä. 20, 1: 414, 29; Rä. 33, 3: 434, 15; Rä. 52, 1. (3) with acc. and predicative adj. or participle:-- Hý grim helle fýr gearo tó wíte andweard seóþ, Exon. Th. 78, 8; Cri. 1271. Ne seah ic elþeódige módiglícran, Beo. Th. 678; B. 336. Hý God upstígende eágum ségun, Exon. Th. 34, 3; Cri. 536. (4) with clause:-- Hý on ða clǽnan seóþ, hú hí blissiaþ, Exon. 79, 6; Cri. 1286: Beo. Th. 5428; B. 2717. II. to see, to visit:-- Nǽnig cépa ne seah (geseah, Bt. 15; Fox 48, 13) ellendne wearod nondum nova litora viderat hospes, Met. 8, 29. Hát in gán seón sibbegedriht, Beo. Th. 779; B. 387. Uton éfstan seón and sécean searogeþræc, 6195; B. 3102. II a. metaph.:-- Hé heán gewát deáþwíc seón, Beo. Th. 2555; B. 1275. III. to see, perceive, discern, understand:-- Ic seó ðé, ðæt is, ðæt ic ongite ðínne willan bútan tweón, Ps. Th. 5, 3. Sóðfæst blissaþ, ðonne hé síþ hú ða árleásan ealle forweorðaþ, 57, 9. Sioh nú sylfa ðé, hú ðec heofones cyning geséceþ. Exon. Th. 4, 27; Cri. 59. Seh ðé ecce. Ps. Surt. 32, 18: 38, 6. Sih ðé, Mt. Kmbl. Rush. 19, 16, 27: 24, 25, 26. Wénaþ ða dysgan, ðæt ǽlc mon sié blind swá hí sint, and ðæt nán mon ne mǽge seón (gesión, Cote. MS.) ðæt hí gesión ne mágon, Bt. 38, 5; Fox 206, 21. IV. to see (as in to see death), to experience:-- Mec ongan hreówan ðæt moncynnes tuddor sceolde máncwealm seón, Exon. Th. 86, 33; Cri. 1417. Morðorleán seón, 98, 24; Cri. 1612. Hé forþ gewát metodsceaft seón he died. Cd. Th. 104, 31; Gen. 1743: B. 2364; B. 1180. V. with prepositions, to look at, on :-- On ðæt ða folc seóþ, Exon. Th. 80, 2; Cri. 1301. Seóþ on éce gewyrht, 448, 29; Dóm. 61. Ealle synd gedréfede ðe hí on sióþ conturbati sunt omnes qui videbant eos, Ps. Th. 63, 8. Secg seah on unleófe, Beo. Th. 5719; B. 2863. Folc tó sǽgon, 2849; B. 1422: Elen. Kmbl. 2208; El. 1105. Ðǽr hí tó ségon, Andr. Kmbl. 1422; An. 711: Exon. Th. 260, 3; Jul. 291. Ségun, 31, 14; Cri. 495. Hí cómon on ðæt wundor seón, Cd. Th. 261, 25; Dan. 731. Fægre leomu on tó seónne, Blickl. Homl. 113, 22. [Goth. saihwan : O. Sax. sehan: O. Frs. sía: O. H. Ger. sehan: Icel. sjá.] v. be- (bi-), for-, fore-, ge-, geond-, of-, ofer-, on-, þurh-, ymb-seón.
seón (from síhan); p. sáh, pl. sigon; pp. sigen (cf. león), seowen (v. á-seowen, Lchdm. ii. 26, 11), siwen (v. á-siwen, Lchdm. ii. 124, 14), seón (v. bi-seón. Exon. Th. 67, 13; Cri. 1088). I. trans. To strain, filer:-- Siid excolat, Wrt. Voc. ii. 107, 71. Seóh þurh cláþ. Lchdm. ii. 24, I : iii. 14, 18. II. intrans. To rwn as a sore, ooze, trickle:-- Manegum men liþseáu sýhþ. Lchdm. ii. 132, 10. Ðæt se lǽce sceolde ásceótan ðæt geswell; ðá dyde hé swá, and ðǽr sáh út wyrms, Homl. Skt. i. 20, 64. Wið seóndre exe, Lchdm. iii. 70, 20. Wið seóndum geallan, Lchdm. ii. 314, 7, 10. Wið seóndum ómum, 102, 9. Eal ðæt folc wæs on blǽdran and ða wǽron berstende and ða worms út siónde (ulcera manantia). Ors. 1, 7; Swt. 38, 7. [Mid þornene crune his heaued was icruned, swa þet þet rede blod sch ut on iwulche half, O. E. Homl. i. 121, 12. Syynge or clensynge colacio, colatura, Prompt. Parv. 455. I sye mylke, Cath. Ang. 339, n. 3. Halliwell gives sie as a word still in use in Derbyshire. O. H. Ger. síhan colare, excolare, liquare: Ger. seihen: Icel. sía to strain.] v. á-, ge-seón; seohhe, sígan.
seón; seondon, -seonod. v. sín, wlite-, wundor-seón; sind, a-seonod.
seonoþ, sionoþ, senoþ, sinoþ, synoþ (-aþ, -od), es; m, A synod, council, meeting:-- Sinoþ sinodus, Wrt. Voc. i. 72, 76. I. mostly used of the councils of the Christian Church :-- Seonod (sinoþ) wæs æt Ácleá, Chr. 782; Erl. 57, 6. Wæs senoþ (sinoþ, MS. E.) æt Heorotforda, 673; Erl.; 36, 2 : 822; Erl. 62, 13. Hér wæs geflitfullíc senoþ æt Cealchýþe, 785; Erl. 56, 7. Se hálga sinoþ, Bd. 4, 17; S. 585, 41. Æfter ealles sinoþes dóme, 3, 7; S. 530, 35. Be ðæm sinoþe se wæs geworden on ðam felda se wæs genemned Hǽþfeld, 4, 17; S. 585, 7. On ðam miclan synoþ æt Greátanleáge, L. Ath. i. 26; Th. i. 214, 7. Eádmund cyning gesomnode micelne sinoþ tó Lundenbyrig ǽgðer ge godcundra háda ge woruldcunda, L. Edm. E. proem.; Th. i. 244, 2. Gif preóst sinoþ forbúge, gebéte ðæt, L. N. P. L. 44; Th. ii. 296, 16. Monega þeóda Cristes geleáfan onféngon; ðá wurdon monega seonoþas gegaderode, L. Alf. 49; Th. i. 58, 2. Ðás feówer sinoþas (the councils of Nice, Ephesus, Constantinople, and Chalcedon), Wulfst. 270, 15. II. in other senses :-- Bǽdon ðæt eft óðer seonaþ wǽre (of the meeting between Augustine and the British Christians), Bd. 2, 2; S. 502, 36. Tó sionoþe (the Council called by Constantine to enquire about the cross), Elen. Kmbl. 307; El. 154. Hig tó ðæra Iudéa synoþe cómon, Nicod. 18; Thw. 8. 31. Wile fæder engla seonoþ gehégan Exon. Th. 231, 23; Ph. 493. [The word is borrowed also by O. Frs. and O. H. Ger.] v. bisceop-seonoþ, and following words.
seonoþ-bóc; f. A book containing the decrees of a synod:-- Hié on monegum senoþum monegra menniscra misdǽda bóte gesetton, and on monega senoþbéc hý writon, hwǽr ánne dóm, hwǽr óðerne, L. Alf. 49; Th. i. 58, 15.
seonoþ-dóm, es; m. The decree of a synod :-- Seonoþdómas reccan, Elen. Kembl. 1101; El. 552.
seonoþlíc; adj. Synodal, of a synod or meeting:-- Ðá wæs sionoþlíc gemót, Chart. Th. 70, 10. Ðære sinoþlícan dǽde synodicae actionis, Bd. 4, 5; S. 572, 1. Mid sinoþlícum stafum synodalibus literis, 4, 17;
seonoþ-stów, e; f. A place f or a synod or meeting, a place of assembly:-- Sinaþstów conciliabulum, locus sinodalis, Wrt. Voc. ii. 136, 19. Geseóþ gé ðæt hé ǽrest tó ðære sinoþstówe (ad locum synodi) cymeþ, Bd. 2, 2; S. 503, 9.
seonu, sionu, senu, sinu, synu; gen. seonwe, sine; weak forms also occur; f. A sinew, nerve, tendon:-- Sionu nervus, Wrt. Voc. ii. 114, 67. Sinu, i. 71, 42. Gif sin[o] scrince . . . and gif sino clæppette. Lchdm. ii. 6, 13 - 15. Ðá æthrán hé his sine on his þeó tetigit nervum femoris ejus, Gen. 32, 25. Healt for ðære sinwe (synewe, MS. B.) wunde, L. Alf. pol. 75; Th. i. 100, 5. Gif man on sinwe besleá æt blódlǽtan. Lchdm. ii. 16, 8. Gif mon ða. greátan sinwe (synewe, MS. B.) forsleá, L. Alf. pol. 75; Th. i. 100, 3. Gif ða smalan sinwe (synewan, MS. B.) mon forsleá, 76; Th. i. 100, 8. Nellaþ folc etan sine (nervum), Gen. 32, 32. Seonuwa [beóþ] fortogene. Lchdm. iii. 48, 28: 50, 5. Seonowe onsprungon. Beo. Th. 1639; B. 817. Seonwe (sina. Soul Kmbl. 217), Exon. Th. 373, 19; Seel. iii. Sionwe, Andr. Kmbl. 2849; An. 1427. Senwe nerve, Wrt. Voc. i. 283, 37. Sena, 65, 15. Sinu (-a ?), 44, 23. Gif sinwe sýn forcorfene. Lchdm. ii. 328, 5. Wið sina sáre, i. 84, 10. Wið ðara sina bifunge, 104, 27. Sina togung, 136, 9. Syna, 136, 19. Sina getog, 356, 3. Seonowum beslítan, Exon. Th. 371, 9; Seel. 73. Seonwum (synum, Soul Kmbl. 123), 370, 20; Seel. 62. Mid rápum of sinum geworhte nerviceis funibus, Jud. 16, 7. Se líchama wæs geboren mid blóde and mid bánum, mid felle and mid sinum, Homl. Th. ii. 270, 19. Árǽran of duste flǽsc and bán, sina and fex, i. 236, 21. On ða sáran sinua, Lchdm. ii. 282, 6. For flǽsc and for bán and for sinuwan, L. Edg. C. 9; Th. ii. 264, 4. Sinuwa, Anglia xi. 101, 47. [C. Frs. sini(-e), sene, sin: O. H. Ger. senawa : Icel. sin; pl. sinar and sinur.] v. hóh-sinu.
seonu-ben[n], e; f. A wound or injury of a sinew:-- Seonobennum seóc crippled. Exon. Th. 328, 17; Vy. 19. v. next word.
seonu-bend (?), e; f. A bond made of sinews (?) :-- Siððan hine Níðhád on néde legde swoncre seonobende (Grein would read -benne, which is more in accordance with the story in the Edda, that Völund had the sinews of the knees cut: v. Thorpe's note on this passage, and his Northern Mythology, i. 86. For confusion of benne and bende see ben). Exon. Th. 377, 19; Deór. 6. v. preceding word.
seonu-dolh, es; n. A wound of a sinew:-- Benna weallaþ, seonodolg swátige. Andr. Kmbl. 2811; An. 1408.
seonu-wealt (sionu-, sinu-, sino-, sine-, sin-, syne-); adj. That may be always rolled, round:-- -Sinewealt gesceap volubile scema, Wrt. Voc. i. 55, 18. Sionuualt torosa (teres ?), ii. 122, 54. Sionewaltum conteriti (cum teritif), 21, 56. I. round, circular, cylindrical:-- Sinewealt cleofa absida, Wrt. Voc. i. 58, 34. Syneweald wafungstede amphitheatrum, 37, 1. Sineweald trendel circulus, Hpt. Gl. 418, 16. Se móna went his hrigc tó ðære sunnan, ðæt is, se sinewealta ende ðe ðǽr onlýht biþ, Lchdm. iii. 242, 14. Ðæs sinewealtan hringes teretes(-is ?) cycli, Wrt. Voc. ii. 89, 60. Timbredon men seonewalte (cf. cyrice is sinhwyrfel . . . seó is unoferhréfed, Blickl. Homl. 125, 21) cirican. Shrn. 80, 37. Hæfde ðæt deór seonowealt heáfod swelce móna, Nar. 20, 27. Heó is leáfun sine-wealton. Lchdm. i. 290, 8, 18. II. round, spherical, globular, of a building, having a concave roof or dome:-- Seó heofen is sinewealt, Lchdm. iii. 232, 20 : Boutr. Scrd. 18, 24. Sineweald cliuen rotundus, teres globus, Hpt. Gl. 446, 67. Corn sonuuald (the manna eaten in the desert), Jn. Skt. Lind. 6, 31, rubc. Hyre wyrttruma ys synewealt the root is a bulb, Lchdm. i. 152, 16. Seó byrgen (Christ's tomb) is sinowalt bús ácorfen of ánum stáne, Shrn. 68, 35. Of sinuwealtum cliwene ex teriti glomere, Wrt. Voc. ii. 31, 20 : 83, 19. Sinewæltum, Hpt. Gl. 494, 17. Wyrc hit sinewealt make it into a ball, Lchdm. i. 72, 21. Sinwealte swammas volvi, Wrt. Voc. i. 30, 28. Heó hafaþ berian synewealte, Lchdm. i. 276, 24. v. sin-, sin-hweorfol.
seonuwealtian to reel, not to stand firmly:-- Sinewealtigan (wine-, Wrt.) vacillare, Wrt. Voc. ii. 88, 48.
seonuwealtness, e; f. Roundness, circularity, sphericity:-- Sinewealtnes globositas, Wrt. Voc. i. 55, 19. Ðære eorþan sinewealtnes the sphericity of the earth, Lchdm. iii. 258, 10. For ðære eorþan sinewealtynysse, 260, 11.
seonu-wind an artery:-- Sinewind arteriae, Wrt. Voc. ii. 8, 29. [Cf. (?) O. H. Ger. sen-ádra arteria, nervus.] Cf. wind-ǽdre, sin-.
seorðan, seordan (?); p. searð To violate:-- Ne serð ðú óðres monnes wíf non moechaberis, Mt. Kmbl. Lind. 5, 27. [From (?) Scandinavian, Cf. Icel. . serða stuprare: M. H. Ger. serte. See Altdeutsche Gespräche. Nachtrag vom W. Grimm, p. 18.]
seóslig; adj. Afflicted, troubled, vexed:-- Se hálga wer ælda gehwylces ðe hine seóslige sóhtun hǽlde líc and sáwle the holy man healed body and soul of all that in affliction sought him, Exon. Th. 157, 29; Gú. 899. Cf. súsl.
seóðan (? cf.seód, á-seódan?) to put in a bag, wrap wp;:-- Bewind ðone æppel on weolcreádum godwebbe, and seóð eft mid sceáte óðres godwebbes, and beheald ðæt ðes lǽcedóm ne hríne ne wæteres ne eorþan, Lchdm. i. 332, 5.
seóþan; p. seáþ, pl. sudon; pp. soden. I. to seethe, boil, cook in a liquid :-- Ic seóþe coquo, Ælfc. Gr. 28, 5; Zup. 175, 16. Gif ðú seóþest rúdan on ele, Lchdm. ii. 206, 23. Gif mon sýþ gárleác on henne broþe, Lchdm. ii. 276, 15. Seóþ on wætere tó þriddan dǽle, i. 72, 2. Seóþ on wíne, 134, 4. Seóþaþ (coquite) eówerne mete beforan ðæs temples dura, Lev. 8, 31. Seóþe on strangum wíne, Lchdm. i. 142, 2. Seóþan ða þingc ðe tó seóþenne synd coquere quae coquenda sunt, Coll. Monast. Th. 29, 19. II. metaph. (1) with the idea of purification, to subject to a fiery ordeal, to try as with fire:-- Seóþeþ swearta lég synne on fordónum . . . óþ ðæt hafaþ ældes leóma woraldwidles wom forbærned, Exon. Th. 62, 1; Cri. 995. Ðú mé sude mid ðam fýre monegra earfoþa swá swá gold igne me examinasti, Ps. Th. 16, 3. (2) to subject to great pain, to afflict grievously:-- Mé elþeódige searonet seóþaþ me barbarian snares afflict (?), Andr. Kmbl. 127; An. 64. Mid ðý hé ðá lange mid swígendum nearonessum his módes and mid ðý blindan fýre soden wæs cum diu tacitis mentes angoribus et caeco carperetur igni, Bd. 2, 13; S. 513. 34. Herebryht wæs mid singale untrumnesse soden and swenced, 4, 29; 8. 607, 41. Sorgwylmum soden, Exon. Th. 166, 21; Gú. 1046: 171, 7; Gú. 1123: 177, 32; Gú. 1236. Sárbennum soden, Andr. Kmbl. 2479; An. 1241. (2 a) to reduce by pain or disease :-- Heó swá swýðe mid ða untrumnysse soden wæs ðæt ða bán án tó láfe wǽron in tantum ea infirmitate decocta est, ut vix ossibus haereret, Bd. 4, 9; S. 577, 15. (3) to prepare food for the mind, to make fear, hope, etc., subjects with which the mind may be occupied; cf. to feed a person with hopes :-- Ic ðæs módceare sorhwylmum seáþ on account of your dangerous journey anxiety was the food I prepared for my mind, Beo. Th. 3990; 1993. Swá ða mǽlceare maga Healfdenes singala seáþ Hrothgar had that care ever ready to feed his mind with, 382; B. 190. [O. Frs. siatha : O. H. Ger. siodan: Icel. sjóða: cf. Goth. sauths a burnt-offering.] v. á-, be-, for-, ofer-, tó-seóþan; ge-, healf-, sám-, unsoden.
seoððan, seotl, seotol, seotu, seóung. v. siððan, setl, sweotol, set, eágseóung.
seowian, seówan, siwian; p. ode; pp. od, ed. id To sew:-- Sióuu sarcio, Wrt. Voc. ii. 119, 52. Ic siwige sarcio, Ælfc. Gr. 30, 2; Zup. 190, 6. Ic sywige (siwige, MS. R.), 28, 3; Zup. 167, 6. Heó siwaþ (seowaþ, MS. U.) illa suit, 15; Zup. 97, 6. Siwaþ (siuieþ, Lind.: siowes, Rush.) assuit, Mk. Skt. 2, 21. Sum sútere siwode (seowode, MS. C.) ðæs hálgan weres sceós, Homl. Skt. i. 15, 23. Hig siwodon ficleáf and worhton him wǽdbréc. Gen. 3, 7. Seowa mid seolce fæste, Lchdm. ii. 56, 7. Wǽda sioloce siowian. Met. 8, 24. Byrne, searonet seowed smiþes orþancum, Beo. Th. 816; B. 406. Golde siowode segmentata, Wrt. Voc. ii. 95, 49. [Goth. siujan: O. Frs. sia : O. H. Ger. siuwan : Icel. sýja: Lat. suere.] v. á-, be-seowian (-siwian); ge-seówan; ge-siwed.
sépan (seppan ?); p. te To cause to perceive, to teach:-- Se stán sépte sacerdas sweotolum tácnum, Andr. Kmbl. 1483; An. 743. Ðus mé fæder mín unweaxenne wordum lǽrde, sépte sóðcwidum, Elen. Kmbl. 1057; El. 530. Hyssas heredon Drihten for ðam hǽðenan folce, sépton (MS. stepton) hié sóðcwidum, and him sǽdon fela sóðra tácna, Cd. Th. 244, 10; Dan. 446. [Cf. (?) O. Sax. af-sebbian; p. -sóf to perceive: O. H. Ger. int-suab; p.: M. H. Ger. en-seben to perceive, understand, v. Grff. vi. 168.]
serc, syrc, syric, es; m.: serce, syrce, an; f. A shirt, shift, smock, tunic, sark (Scott.) :-- Loða, serc colobium, Hpt. Gl. 493, 76. Smoc vel syrc. Wrt. Voc. i. 25, 60. Syric colobium vel interula, 81, 69. Syrc suppar, interula, 59, 24. Serc armilausia, 284, 61: ii. 8, 16. Serce, 100, 77: 7, 4. Swátfáh syrce, Beo. Th. 2226; B. 1111. Ðæt hé hæbbe syric (tunicam), R. Ben. 89, 10. Genóh is munuce ðæt hé hæbbe twegen syricas (tunicas), for ðære nihtware and for ðæs reáfes þweále, 91, 3. Syrcan, gúþgewǽdo shirts of mail, Beo. Th. 458; B. 226: 673; B. 334. [Icel. serkr a shirt; hring-, járn-serkr a shirt of mail.] v. beadu-, heoru-, here-, hilde-, leoþu-, líc-, under-serc (-serce).
serede, serð, serwan. v. sirwan, seorðan, sirwan.
sess, es; m. A seat, bench :-- Ses, sæs transtrum, Txts. 103, 2050. Hé gesæt on sesse, Beo. Th. 5427; B. 2717: 5506; B. 2756. [Icel. sess; m]
sessian; p. ode To subside:-- Sǽ sessade (sǽs essade, MS.), smylte wurdon merestreáma gemeotu, Andr. Kmbl. 905; An. 453.
sester, seoxter, es; m. I. a vessel, jar, pitcher:-- Sester amfora, Wrt. Voc. i. 24, 36: 83, 23. Hé hét heora ǽlcne geniman ánne æmtigne sester . . . Hig slógon tógædere ða sestras (lagenas). Jud. 7, 16-19. Cristallisce dryncfatu and gyldne sestras wǽron forþborenne crystallina vasa potatoria et sextariola aurea invenimus, Nar. 5, 14. II. a measure for liquids or for dry things; its capacity is uncertain, (a) as an English measure :-- Twegen sestres sápan and twege[n] hunies and þré ecedes, and se sester sceal wegan twá pund be sylfyrgewyht. Lchdm. iii. 92, 14. Cf. Unum sextarium mellis triginta duarum unciarum, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. iv. 285, 1. Wæs swýðe mycel hungor, and corn swá dýre, swá nán mann ǽr ne gemunde, swá ðæt se sester (Henry of Huntingdon renders this : 'sextarius frumenti, qui equo uni solet esse oneri') hwǽtes code tó, lx. penega and eác furðor. Chr. 1043; Erl. 169, 31. xv pund (yntsan ? cf. 'sextarius medicinalis habet uncias decem,' note on this passage) wætres gáþ tó sestre, Lchdm. ii. 298, 26. Fífténe sestras líðes aloþ, Chart. Th. 105, 12. Twelf seoxtres beóras, 158, 22. (b) as a foreign measure :-- Under sestre sub modio, Mt. Kmbl. Lind. 5, 15. Hund sestra (cados) eles, Lk. Skt. 16, 6. Ǽlc wæterfæt wæs on twegra sestra gemete oððe on þreora capientes singuli metretas binas uel ternas, Jn. Skt. 2, 6. Gecned þrí sestras (sata) smedeman, Gen. 18, 6. Habbaþ emne gemetu and sestras sint justus modius aequusque sextarius, Lev. 19, 36. [O. H. Ger. sehstári, sehtári: Ger. -sester, sechter a measure of grain, twelve bushels; measure of liquids, sixteen quarts. From Lat. sextarius. Cf. Fr. sétier (for grain) twelve bushels; for liquids, two gallons : Ital. sestiere a pint-measure.] v. wín-sester.
set, es; n. A seat. I. of the sun, the place where the sun sets :-- Miððý tó sete eode sunne cum occidisset sol, Mk. Skt. Rush. 1, 32. Gewát sunne tó sete glídan, Andr. Kmbl. 2498; An. 1250 : 2610; An. 1306. Tó sete sígeþ, Menol. Fox 221; Men. 112. Cf. set-gang, setl. II. of men, a place where people remain, of an army, a camp, entrenchment, cf. to sit down before a place :-- Ne com se here oftor eall úte of ðǽm setum ðonne tuwwa, óðre síþe ðá hié ǽrest tó londe cómon . . . óðre síþe ðá hié of ðǽm setum faran woldon (cf. Ða Deniscan sǽeton ðǽr behindan, 91, 1), Chr. 894; Erl. 90, 19-22. III. of animals, a place where animals are kept, a stall, fold, or where they feed, pastures:-- -Seotu bucitum (cf. hrýðra fald bucetum, Wrt. Voc. i. 15, 22), Txts. 47, 339. Seto stabula, 99, 1903. Siota, Wrt. Voc. i. 289, 11. ['In sedibus quies imperturbata.' I þe sette is reste & eise bitocned, A. R. 358, 23. Þat folc hafden alle igeten and arisen from heore seten, Laym. 30841. O. H. Ger. sez sedes, suggestus: Icel. set the sitting-room, v. Cl.& Vig. Dict.] v. ge-set, -sete (read -set), ymb-set.
séta (seta ?), setel. v. sǽta, setl.
seten, [n]e; f. I. a set, shoot, branch :-- Setene propagines, Ps. Surt. 79, 12. v. ymb-seten. II. a nursery, plantation:-- Setin pla[n]taria, Wrt. Voc. ii. 117, 49. Plantunga seten plantaria, 65, 76. Ǽghwilc wæstma seten ða ðe ne sette fæder mín omnis plantatio quam non plantavit Pater meus, Mt. Kmbl. Lind. 15, 13, III.what is planted or set:-- Gif mon gesíðcundne monnan ádrífe, fordrífe ðý botle næs ðære setene (the ejected tenant was not to be deprived of what he had planted (?); or seten. V. he was to be compensated for the cultivation of the land (?), L. In. 68; Th. i. 146, 8. IV. a cultivated place. v. land-seten, I. and feldsætennum campo, Ps. Lamb. 77, 12. V. planting, cultivation, v. land-seten, II. VT. a setting, putting. v. hand-seten. VII. a stopping, v. blód-seten. See also inseten.
-setenness, sétere. v. ge-setenes, on-setenness, sǽtere.
set-gang, es; m. Setting of the sun :-- Ofer setgong super occasum, Ps. Surt. 67, 5 : 49, 2 : 103, 19. v. set, setl-gang.
séðan; p. de To declare true, affirm, attest, prove:-- Ic séðe testificor, Ælfc. Gr. 25; Zup. 146, 3. Ealle hálige gewritu sóðlíce séðaþ, ðæt se is Hǽlend Crist, Homl. Th. ii. 414, 9. Hé árás on ðam þriddan dæge, swá swá gewritu séðaþ, 598, 4. Sum óðer séðde and cwæþ alius quidam affirmabat dicens, Lk. Skt. 22, 59. Is séðende and cweðende adstipulatur, Wrt. Voc. ii. 2, 17. Sume (adverbs) . syndon con- vel adfirmativa, ðæt synd fæstnigende oððe séðende, Ælfc. Gr. 38; Zup. 226, 11. Séðende ðæt Crist is Godes Sunu 'proving that this is very Christ' (Acts 9, 22), Homl. Th. i. 388, 4. v. á-, ge-séðan; sóðian, séðend, séðung.
seðe, Cd. Th. 92, 7; Gen. 1525: seðel. v. sécan, 1(2), setl.
séðend, es; m. One who affirms or asserts:-- Séðend stipulatorem (cf. trymmend stipulatorem, Wrt. Voc. ii. 88, 2), Hpt. Gl. 527, 34. v. ge-séðend.
set-hrægl, es; n. A cloth for covering a seat:-- Setrægl tapeta, Wrt. Voc. i. 82, 19. Ic gean tó Cristes weofede ánre lytlere goldenre róde and ánes sethrægles (an altar-cloth?], Chart. Th. 564, 10, 18. Án lang healwáhrift and þríó sethrægl, 538, 4. [Cf. Icel. set-klæði.] v. setl-hrægl.
séðung, e; f. Attestation, affirmation, proof:-- Séðunge adstipulatione, adsertione, adfirmatione, Hpt. Gl. 444, 41. Hwæne mǽrsiaþ ðás wundra mid heora séðunge, Homl. Th. ii. 34, 5. Hé ðæs árleásan eáre gehǽlde tó séðunge soðre godcundnysse (in proof of true divinity), 248, 2. Hé heora goda geendunge mid swutelum séðungum gewissode, i. 558, 16. Séðingum assertionibus, Hpt. Gl. 525, 35. Séðincgum, 409, 53. v. ge-séðung; séðan.
setl, sedl, seðl, seotl, sotl, seatl, sitl (-el, -ol, -ul), es; pl. setl, setlu, sotelas, setlas (North.) ; n. m. (?) I. that on which one sits, a settle, seat, place to sit:-- Setl sella, Wrt. Voc. i. 83, 70. Sotol, 289, 23. Gá nú tó setle, symbelwynne dreóh.' . . . Geát geóng sóna setles neósan, swá se snottra héht, Beo. Th. 3576; B. 1786. Se wæs setles yldest (on setle yldost, MS. B.) he had the chief seat, Bd. 5, 13; S. 633, 4. Sæt Agustinus on sotole, 2, 2; S. 503, 15. Hé hét him úte setl gewyrcean, 1, 25; S. 486, 38. Mé hé wið his sylfes sunu setl getǽhte, Beo. Th. 4031; B. 2013. Ofer setol super sellam, Kent. Gl. 304. Sotelas sella, Germ. 393, 143. Seó wlitignes heora ræsta and setla, Blickl. Homl. 99, 33. Hé his líchoman forwyrnde séftra setla and symbeldaga, Exon. Th. 111, 33; Gú. 136. On ðæm forþmestum seatlum (seotlum. Rush.) sitta in somnungum and ða forþmesto setla æt farmum in primis cathedris sedere in sinagogis et primos discubitos in cenis, Mt. Skt. Lind. 12, 39. Hé út áwearp ða setl ðara mynetera, Blickl. Homl. 71, 19. Hyra setlu (ceatlas, Lind.: settlas, Rush. cathedras) ðara ðe culfran sealdon hé tóbræc, Mt. Kmbl. 31, 12. Lufigaþ ðæt ǽreste sætil (recubitos) æt éfengereordum and forþmestu setulas (seatlas, Lind. cathedras) on heora somnungum. Rush. 23, 6. Seotlas, Mk. Skt. Rush. 11. 15. Ða yldstan setl (seatlas, Lind., Rush.), Lk. Skt. 20, 46. I a. an official seat of a king, judge, etc., a throne, judgment-seat:-- On swiðre sedles Godes, Rtl. 27, 33. Fore sedle before the throne, 47, 26. Ðú Scippend heofones ðú ðe on ðam écan setle rícsast, Bt. 4; Fox 6, 30. Setle solio, Wrt. Voc. ii. 142, 13. Ðonne sitt hé ofer his mægen þrymme setl (seðel, Lind. : on sedle, Rush.), Mt. Kmbl. 25, 31. Hit is swíðe gewunelíc ðætte dómeras & ríce menn on setelum sitten, Past. 56; Swt. 435, 21. Gé sittaþ ofer twelf setl (seatla tuelfa, Lind.: on sedlum twelfe, Rush.) démende, Mt. Kmbl. 19, 28. Ib. metaph. seat, place, position:-- Hé áwearp ða rícan of setle (sedle, Lind., Rush.), Lk. Skt. 1, 52. Se sit on wóles setle, se ðe yfel wyrcþ mid geþeahte, Past. 56; Swt. 435, 19-22 : Ps. Th. 1, 1. Ðú setst ús on ðæt setl dínes Sceoppendes, Bt. 7, 5; Fox 24, 2. Ofer seatul (on setule, Rush.) Moyses, Mt. Kmbl. Lind. 23, 2. Him sylþ God his fæder Dauides setl (sedle, Lind.: seðel, Rush.), Lk. Skt. 1. 32. On sotelum sóðfæstra in cathedra seniorum, Ps. Th. 106, 31. I c. in reference to the heavenly bodies, tó setle gán, etc. (cf. Fr. le coucher do soleil, le soleil se couche) to set:-- Syððan sunne beó on setle after sunset. Lchdm. iii. 8, 19. Ðonne heó (the sun) tó setle gǽþ, Bt. 39, 3; Fox 214, 27: Salm. Kmbl. 186, 6. Ðá ðá sunne eode tó setl cum occubuisset sol, Gen. 15, 17. Æ-acute;r sunne tó setle eode usque ad occasum solis, Ex. 17, 12. Ðá sunne tó setle eode cum occidisset sol, Mk. Skt. 1, 32. Sunne sáh tó setle, Chr. 937; Erl. 112, 17. Ðonne heó (the sun) on setl eode, Bt. 5, 23; S. 645, 26. Ðonne hió on setl glídeþ, Met. 28, 39. Se ǽfenstiorra on setl glídeþ, 29, 27, 31. On setel. Salm. Kmbl. 202, 34. v. setl-gang. II. a seat, place where one abides, an abode, a residence, dwelling:-- Him wæs geseald setl on swegle ðǽr hé symle mót eardfæst wesan, blíðe bídan, Exon. Th. 149, 5; Gú. 757 : 125, 15; Gú. 354. Geswíc ðisses setles, 119, 3; Gú. 249. Ða stówe his seþles locum sedis illius solitariae. Bd. 3, 16; S. 542, 36. Hé eft tó ðæm fæderlícan setle eode, Blickl. Homl. 115, 33 : 129, 12. Ðá næfde hé nán setl hwǽr hé sittan mihte, for ðan ðe nán heofon nolde hine áberan, Ælfc. T. Grn. 2, 45 : Ps. Th. 88, 37 : Exon. Th. 116, 31; Gú. 215. On préstes setel (a hermitage ?), Cod. Dip. Kmbl. iii. 416, 29. Ða hálgan setl sceoldon weorþan gefylde mid ðære menniscan gecynde. Blickl. Homl. 121, 34: Cd. Th. 6, 10; Gen. 86. Gumena ríce, secga sitlu, Met. 9, 42. ¶ a stall for animals :-- On ðam (in the ark) ðú scealt gerýman rihte setl ǽlcum eorþan tudre, Cd. Th. 79, 1; Gen. 1304. II a. as an ecclesiastical term, a see:-- Sanctus Gregorius ðæs Rómániscan setles bisceop, Lchdm. iii. 432, 24. Ðæs Apostolícan setles, Bd. 1, 23; S. 485, 23: 4, 1; S. 563, 23. Hér Rómáne ðone pápan of his setle áfliémde, Chr. 797; Erl. 58, 14, On setl biscopstóles in sedem pontificatus, 5, 23; S. 646, 32. II b. metaph. seat of a disorder, etc,, dwelling-place of non-material things :-- Ðý læs ingǽ se fiónd in sávelo hiora & seðel habba ne mǽgi, Rtl. 117, 31. III. the part of the body on which one sits, the seat:-- Wið gicþan ðæs setles, Lchdm. i. 218, 10. Gif se uíc weorðe on mannes setle geseten, iii. 30, 16. Wríð under ðæt setl neoþan, i. 366, 17. Him wand út his innoþ æt his setle. Homl. As. 59, 201. IV. a sitting, the being in, or assuming, a sitting position; sessio :-- Hé frægn for hwon hé ána swá unrót on stáne wæccende sǽte . . . 'Ne tala ðú ðæt ic ne cunne ðone intingan ðínre unrótnesse and ðínre wacone and ánlépnesse ðínes seðles' ne me aestimes tuae moestiliae RUNE insomniorum RUNE solitariae sessionis causam nescire. Bd. 2, 12; S. 513, 41 note. Ðú mín setl (sessionem) oncneówe and mínne ǽrist æfter gecýðdest, Ps. Th. 138, 1. IV a. stay, residence:-- On ðæm setle ðe hé ðǽr sæt during the stay he made there, Chr. 922; Erl. 108, 22. IV b. as a military term, a siege :-- Him (the besiegers) ðæt setl (obsidio) swíðor derede ðonne ðám ðe ðǽrinne (in Veii) wǽron, Ors. 2, 8; Swt. 90, 24. Porsenna ðæt setl foilét Porsenna raised the siege, 2, 3; Swt. 68, 30. Ðá forlét hé ðæt setl ab obsidione discessit, 3, 11; Swt. 146, 20. [Heo isetten Iacob on Cristes selt, O. E. Homl. i. 93, 9. Adam set on the setle of unhele, ii. 59, 25 : Ps. 1. 1. Ich mai þe finde at þe rumhuse . . . þu sittest and singst behinde þe setle, O. and N. 594. Our loverd sal sitt. . . opon þe setil of his mageste, Pr. C. 6122. Goth. sitls; m. a seat, throne, nest: O. H. Ger. sez[z]al cathedra, sponda, solium, tribunal; sedal, sethal, sedhal sedes, thronus, triclinium, occasus (solis) : O. Frs. O. Sax. sedel.] v. án-, ancer-, ancor-, beór-, bisceop-, burhgeat-, cyne-, dóm-, éðel-, ge-, heáh-, hilde-, láreów-, medu-, páp-, scip-, sunder-, þrym-, út-, weard-, wræc-setl; beorg-seðel; set.
setla. v. án-, cot-, ge-, wésten-setla.
setlan; p. [e]de. I. trans. To settle, seat, put in a position of rest:-- Wǽglíðende setlaþ sǽmearas, and ðonne in ðæt églond up gewítaþ, Exon. Th. 361, 5; Wal. 15. II. intrans. To settle, take a position of rest, of the sun, to set. v. setlung and the Mid. E. forms, [Þart allderrmann þatt heʒhesst wass Att tatt bridale settledd (GREEK), Orm. 15285. Til þe sunne wæs setled to reste, Will. 2452. Him thoughte a goshauk . . . Setlith on his beryng, Alis. 484.]
setl-gang, es; m. Setting of the heavenly bodies, generally of the sun, (1) marking time :-- Ðá bád se sacerd sunnan setlgonges, forðon sunnan trió ágefeþ ondsware æt ðæm upgonge & eft æt setlgonge, Nar. 27, 15-18. Sunne, setlgonges fús, Exon. Th. 174. 34; Gú. 1187. Æfter sunnan setlgonge, Chr. 773; Erl. 52, 24. Æ-acute;r sunnan setlgange, Bd. 1, 27; S. 495, 7. Æt sunnan setlgange, Blickl. Homl. 93, 16. Sunne hire setlgang healdeþ sol cognovit occasum suum. Ps. Th. 103, 18. Ðá se æþela glæ-acute;m setlgong sóhte, Exon Th. 178, 32; Gú. 1253. (2) marking place, the west:-- Be ðam wege ðe líþ tó sunnan setlgange by the road that runs to the west, Deut. 11. 30. Fram sunnan upgange óþ hire setl-gang from the east unto the west, Ps. Th. 49, 2. [Ps. setl-gang. Cf. O. H. Ger. sedal-gang : O. Sax. gangan, sígan te sedle, werðan an sedle (of the sun), v; Grmm. D. M. 700, R. A. 817.] v. setl, I c, set-gang, and next word.
setl-gangende; adj. (ptcp. ) Setting:-- Setlgangendre sunnan occi-denti, Bd. 5, 23; S. 645, 27.
setl-hrægl, es; n. A covering for a seat:-- vii. setlhrægel, Chart. Th. 429, 28. v. set-hrægl.
setl-rád, e; f. Setting of the sun :-- Æfter sunnan setlráde, Cd. Th. 184, 19; Exod. 109. Cf. setl-gang.
setlung, e; f. I. a taking of a seat, a sitting down:-- Ðú understóde setlunge míne and ǽriste míne tu cognovisti sessionem meam et resurrectionem meam, Ps. Lamb. 138, 2. II. setting of the sun; occasus :-- Seó niht hæfþ seofon dǽlas fram ðære sunnan settlunge (set-lunge, MS. P.), Lchdm. iii. 242, 26. Æfter sunnan setlunge, 266, 5. Fram sunnan uprine óþ setlunge, Ps. Spl. 112, 3. Setellung, 49, 2. v. setlan.
sétnere, sétnung. v. sǽtnere, sǽtnung.
setness, e; f. I. an ordinance, a regulation, an institution:-- Ðis is seó gerǽdnes ðe Eádulf hæfþ gerád tó setnesse, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. iii. 295, 32. Gé forlǽtaþ Godes bebod and healdaþ manna laga (setnesse, Lind.: setnisse, Rush. traditionem), Mk. Skt. 7, 8, 3, 13. Setnesa, Mt. Kmbl. Lind. 15, 2. The word glosses also testimonium, Mt. Kmbl. p. 1, 11: testamentum, p. 2, 5. II. constitution, arrangement:-- From setnisse middangeardes a constitution mundi, Mt. Kmbl. Rush. 25, 34. [Heo makeden ane sætnesse . . . þe ælc cheorl eæt his sulche hæfde grið, Laym. 4258. Godess laʒhe & hiss hallʒhe settnesse þeʒʒ didenn fallen dun, & hofenn affterr þeʒʒre wille settnessess, hu mann birrde Godess laʒhe follʒhenu, Orm. 16836-43.] v. á-, fore-, ge-, in-, on-, wið-setness.
setnung. [Icel. setning.] v. frum-setnung.
settan; p. sette; pp. seted, set[t] (generally transitive, but see XII). I. to set, place, put, cause to take a certain position:-- Ic sette mínne rénbogan on wolcnum, Gen. 9, 13. Ic sette max on stówe gehæppre, Coll. Monast. Th. 21, 13. Hwæðer gé settan eówer nett on ða héhstan dúne, ðonne gé fiscian willaþ? Ic wát ðæt gé hit ðǽr ne settaþ. Hwæðer gé eówer net fit on ða sǽ lǽdon, ðonne gé huntian willaþ? Ic wéne ðæt gé hí ðonne setton up on dúnum, Bt. 33, 3; Fox 118, 11-15. Ne hí ne ǽlaþ hyra leóhtfæt and hit under cýfe settaþ, Mt. Kmbl. 5, 15. Heó (the fallen angels) God sette on ða sweartan helle, Cd. Th. 20, 20; Gen. 312. Hé sette his ða swíðran hand (cf. mid ða swíðran hand, 514, 21) him on ðæt heáfod, Bd. 2, 12; S. 515, 19. Hí ðá nó ða studu úton tó ðam wáge tó fultume ne setton, ac hí heó on ða cyricean setton, 3, 17; S. 544, 37. Hié setton hié æt ðære byrgenne dura. Blickl. Homl. 155, 8. Ðá hé bebyrged wæs, hié settan him hyrdas tó, 177, 26. Setton scyldas wið weal they set their shields against the wall, Beo. Th. 655; B. 325. Sete ðín hand under mín þeóh, Gen. 24, 2: 48, 18. Se ðe wille fæst hús timbrian ne sceall hé hit nó settan up on ðone héhstan cnol (must not take the top of a hill as a site for his house) . . . and eft se ðe wille fæst hús timbrian, ne sette hé hit on sondbeorhas. Bt. 12; Fox 36, 7-11. Ðá lét hé hine on hæft settan he had him put into prison, Chr. 1036; Erl. 164, note 3. Hé gearwe hæfde reliquias in tó settenne, Bd. 5, 11; S. 625, 37. I a. to set down:-- Ðá hét se apostol ða bǽre settan, Homl. Th. i. 60, 16. II. figurative, to set to work, set before one a choice, set a mark, a name, one's mind, lay a charge, a curse, etc., upon one, put one in a position, put into one's power, etc. :-- Ic sette beforan eów bletsunga and wirignissa, Deut. 11. 26. Ic hine wergþo on míne sette. Cd. Th. 105, 20; Gen. 1756. Swá hit mé sealde se ðe ic hit nú on hande sette, L. O. 3; Th. i. 180, 4. Ðú setst (settes, Cott. MSS.) ús on ðæt setl ðínes Sceoppendes, Bt. 7, 5; Fox 24, 2. Swá hwæt swá ðú mé on settest and bebeódest tó dónne, Bd. 4, 25; S. 600, 4, God him sette naman, Homl. Th. i. 12, 31. Hé him naman on sette, Mk. Skt. 3, 17. Abraham sette friþotácn on his selfes sunu, Cd. Th. 142, 29; Gen. 2369. Hine Abraham on beácen sette, 167, 19; Gen. 2768. Gé setton mé in edwít ðæt . . . you laid to my reproach, that . . ., Exon. Th. 131, 21; Gú. 459: Cd. Th. 165, 8; Gen. 2728. Gé ða wintergerím on gewritu setton, Elen. Kmbl. 1305; El. 654. Sete heora ealdormenn, swá ðú Oreb dydest make their nobles like Oreb (A. V.), Ps. Th. 82, 9. Sete on Drihten ðín gehygd, 54, 22. Setton hí hine on borh they shall make him give security, L. Ath. i. 20; Th. i. 208, 30 : 210, 7. Deáþ settan to kill, Elen. Kmbl. 955; El. 479. Wíte settan to impose punishment, Cd. Th. 76, 33; Gen. 1266. On gewrit settan to put into writing, L. Alf. 49; Th. i. 58, 22. Wutan ús tó symbeldæge settan, Ps. Th. 117, 25. II a. of travelling, cf. lecgan and Ger. zurücklegen :-- On weg setteþ wíse gangas, Ps. Th. 84, 12. Sceal ic nú wreclástas settan, siðas wíde, Cd. Th. 276, 15; Sat. 189. Gesundne síð settan to make a safe journey, Elen. Kmbl. 2008; El. 1005. III. to set, plant:-- Sette pastinat, Wrt. Voc. ii. 96, 52. Hé leác sette he set vegetables. Shrn. 61, 20. Hé wíngeard sette, seów sǽda fela, Cd. Th. 94, 8; Gen. 1558: 172, 7; Gen. 2840. Settan pastinare, Wrt. Voc. ii. 116, 6. Settende pastinantem, 66, 18. Settum beámum anlíce sicut novellae plantations, Ps. Th. 143, 14. IV. to set, fix, implant:-- Hé módes snyttru seów and sette geond sefan monna, Exon. Th. 41, 29; Cri. 663. Settaþ on eówerum heortum, ðæt gé ne þurfon ásmeágan, hú gé andwyrdan sceolon. Homl. Th. ii. 542, 3. Uton wé ðæs dæges fyrhto on úre mód settan, Blickl. Homl. 125, 6. V. to set, fix, appoint a limit, time, place (cf. set day, time in A. V.) :-- In ðam frumstóle ðe him freá sette. Exon. Th. 349, 25; Sch. 51. Hí settan dæg tó ðæt man tó ðam lande scolde faran they appointed a day for going to the land. Chart. Th. 376, 16. Ðæt ic ðé symbledæg sette, Ps. Th. 75, 7. Settan gemǽro, Ex. 19, 23. Mearce settan, Cd. Th. 171, 19; Gen. 2830. VI. to set a task, ordain, establish a law, regulation, appoint a condition :-- Wé settaþ ǽghwelcere cirican ðis frið, L. Alf. pol. 5; Th. i. 64, 8. Hé sette gecamp geleáffullum sáwlum. Homl. Th. i. 64, 18. Se ðe ða ealdan ǽ sette, 94, 4. Sylfa sette, ðæt ðú sunu wǽre efeneardigende, Exon. Th. 15, 14; Cri. 236. Ǽ ðú mé sete, Ps. Th. 118, 33. Gif gé nú gesáwen hwelce mús, ðæt wǽre hláford ofer óðre mýs and sette him dómas, Bt. 16, 2; Fox 52. 2. VII. to build, erect:-- Hús settan and tún timbrian, Shrn. 163, 16. Ongunnon heora burh rǽran and sele settan . . . weras on wonge wíbed setton, Cd. Th. 113, 2-5; Gen. 1881-2. VIII. to set up, institute, found, establish:-- Hwá ǽrost bócstafas sette? Salm. Kmbl. p. 192. 6. Hé sette scole instituit scholam, Bd. 3, 18; S. 545, 44. Ǽgðer ge cyninga rícu settan ge ceastra timbredon, Ors. 1, 10; Swt. 48, 9 : Met. 1, 4. Ðæt wæs weallfæstenna ǽrest ealra ðara ðe æðelingas settan héton, Cd. Th. 65, 3; Gen. 1060. VIII a. of the operations of the Deity :-- Ðú dæg settest and deorce niht, Ps. Th. 73, 16: 138, 11: Exon. Th. 258, 33; Jul. 274. Ðá hé ðisne ymbhwyrft ǽrest sette, 422, 17; Rä. 41, 7: Cd. Th. 265, 29; Sat. 15. Ðá ðú wǽre settende ðás sídan gesceaft, Exon. Th. 22, 23; Cri. 356. IX. to set, base, found:-- Gif ðú wísdóm timbrian wille, ne sete ðú hine uppan ða gítsunga, Bt. 12; Fox 36, 11. X. to appoint an officer or a person to an office or duty :-- Hine tó ealdormenn sette, Ps. Th. 104, 16. Hé sette hine on his húse tó hláfwearde constituit eum dominus domus suae, 104, 17. Sette hé getreówe borgas, L. Eth. i. 1; Th. i. 280, 19: L. C. S. 30; Th. i. 394, 8. X a. to appoint something for a purpose :-- Bæd þrymcyning, ðæt hé him ða weádǽd tó wræce ne sette, Elen. Kmbl. 988; El. 495. XI.to settle a quarrel, allay animosity, compose a difference:-- Witan scylon fǽhþe settan, L. Edm. S. 7; Th. i. 250, 13. XII. intrans. To settle, abate, subside:-- Lege uppa þat geswollene and hyt sceal sóna settan. Lchdm. iii. 86, 19. Ðonne biþ ðæs innoþes sár settende, i. 74, 9. XIII. to compose a book, etc. :-- Ic ðás bóc wrát and sette . . . ic sette feówer béc. Bd. 5, 23; S. 647, 32-37. For ðisum þingum ic ðás bóc sette. Guthl. prol.; Gdwin. 4, 26. Sc̃e Isidorus ðe ðás bóc sette qui hunc librum instituit, L. Ecg. P. i. 6; Th. ii. 174, 16. Dauid ða sealmas sette, ðe wé æt Godes lofsangum singaþ, Homl. Th. ii. 576, 5. Se cyng hét ðone arcebisceop bóc settan the king ordered the archbishop to draw up a charter, Chart. Th. 376, 3. [Goth. satjan: O. Sax. settian: O. Frs. setta: O. H. Ger. sezzan: Icel. setja.] v. á-, an-, be- (bi-), for-, fore-, ge-, in-, of-, on-, tó-, un-, wið-, ymb-settan.
settaþ, Ps. Th. 9, 29 for sǽtaþ (?).
settend, es; m. An ordainer, appointer:-- Ðæt ðú ána eart éce Drihteu, weroda Waldend, sigora settend (sigeróf settend, Exon. Th. 188, 17; Az. 47), Cd. Th. 237, 5; Dan. 333. v. dóm-settend.
set-þorn some kind of tree:-- Andlang fura on sctþorn; of setþorne on fúlan ríþig, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. iii. 436, 14.
sewte, Andr. Kmbl. 1483; An. 743. v. sépan.
sí be:-- Him sí ábrogden hiora sceamu, Ps. Th. 108, 28. Hwæt hér sí gedón. Blickl. Homl. 179, 34. Hwǽðer hit sig ðe sóð ðe leás. Gen; 42, 16. Ðæs sig Metode þanc. Beo. Th. 3561; B. 1778. Ðæt gé witen hwæt hit sié, Past. 8; Swt. 53, 13. Gif ðú sié Godes sunu, Blickl. Homl. 27, 7. Him sió wuldor, Hy. 8, 4. Ðæt ðæt betst sý, ðæt mon seó foremǽre. Bt. 34, 2; Fox 82, 10. Gif heó leng sý ðonne hé if she live longer than he, L. Edm. B. 3; Th. i. 254, 13. Ðeáh ðe heora hundred seó. Ps. Th. 89, 10. Hé cwyð ðæt ic seó teónum georn, Cd. Th. 36, 34; Gen. 581: 309, 4; Sat. 704. Gyf ðú Godes sunu sý (sig, MS. A.: siǽ, Rush.), Mt. Kmbl. 4, 3. Sib sý (sig, MS. A.) eów, Lk. Skt. 24, 36. Ðæt gé ne sín (sié, Lind.) ymbhýdige, Mt. Kmbl. 6, 25. Sín (sién, Hatt. MS.) hira eágan áþístrode. Past. 1; Swt. 28, 9. Ðæt sién gewemmede ealle. Blickl. Homl. 245, 22. Ðæt mé æfter sié eaforan síne yrfeweardas, Cd. Th. 131, 28; Gen. 2183. Seón, Exon. Th. 96, 28; Cri. 1581. Sín (sé. Lind. : sié. Rush.), Mt. Kmbl. 6, 1. Ðæt hí sýn (sié, Lind.: siǽ. Rush.) án, Jn. Skt. 17, 11. 21, 22, 23. v. eom.
sib[b], e; f. I. relationship:-- Sybbe propinquitatis, Hpt. Gl. 469, 55. Gif hwá sibleger gewyrce, gebéte ðæt be sibbe mǽðe (according to the degree of relationship), L. C. S. 52; Th. i. 404, 25. Sameramis gesette ðæt nán forbyrd nǽre æt geligere betwuh nánre sibbe, Ors. 1, 2; Swt. 30, 35. On ðæs láfe ðe swá neáh wǽre on woruldcundre sibbe, L. Eth. vi. 12; Th. i. 318, 16. For ðære mǽglícan sibbe (of Christ and John), Homl. Th. i. 58, 6. Ðá com Swein eorl and bæd Beorn eorl, ðe wæs his eámes sunu, ðæt hé his geféra wǽre tó ðam cynge. Hé wende ðá for ðære sibbe mid him. Chr. 1050; Erl. 175, 18. Hréðel (the grandfather of Beowulf) sibbe gemunde, næs ic (Beowulf) him láðra beorn ðonne his bearna hwylc, Beo. Th. 4854; B. 2431. Hé biþ his móder twám sibbum (in two relationships, in double relationship) getǽht, ðæt hé biþ ǽgðer ge sunu ge bróðer, Wulfst. 193, 7. I a. in a spiritual sense, cf. gossip:-- Se cyning him tó godsuna onféng and tó tácne ðære sibbe him twá mǽgþe forgeaf (in signum adoptionis, duas illi provincias donavit), Bd. 4, 13; S. 582, 9. II. friendliness, kindness, the opposite of hostility :-- Sibbe cos pacis osculum, R. Ben. 82, 6. Ne gehýrde nǽnig man on his heortan & ellóht elles búton mildheortnesse and sibbe, Blickl. Homl. 225, 2. Ne mihte hé mid ðone cyning sibbe habban, ac mycel ungeþwǽrnys betwih him árás, Bd. 3, 14; S. 539, 35. Feóndscype dwæscaþ, sibbe sáwaþ, Exon. Th. 30, 31; Cri. 487. Á ic sibbe wið ðé healdan wille I will ever maintain my friendliness to thee, 177, 33; Gú. 1236. Gé hý mid sibbum sóhtun ye visited the sick with kind attentions, 83, 22; Cri. 1360. III. peace, the opposite of war :-- Æ-acute;gðer ge on sibbe ge on gewinne, Bt. 24, 2; Fox 82, 11. Hé him gebeád wið his sibbe (in pretium pacis) unrím máþma, Bd. 3, 24; S. 556, 8. Gif hí sibbe mid Godes mannum onfón ne woldan ðæt hí wǽron gefeoht fram heora feóndum onfónde si pacem cum fratribus accipere nollent, bellum ab hostibus forent accepturi, 2, 2; S. 503, 29: Chr. 605; Erl. 21, 28. Se bisceop betweox ðám cyningum sibbe geworhte, Bd. 4, 21; S. 590, 11. Eall ðeós worold geceás Agustuses frið and his sibbe, Ors. 5, 15; Swt. 250, 17. On ða tíd (in the golden age) wæs sibba genihtsumnes (an utter absence of wars), Blickl. Homl. 115, 9. IV. peace, concord, unity, absence of dissension or variance:-- Suá ðætte án sibb (sib, Cott. MSS.) Godes lufe bútan ǽlcum ungeráde ús gefége tósomne, Past. 36; Swt. 253, 22. Ongeán ðæt sint tó manienne ða ðe ða sibbe sáwaþ ðæt hié swá micel weorc tó unwærlíce ne dón and húru ðǽr ðǽr hié nyton hwæðer sió sibb (sib, Cote. MSS.) betre betwux gefæstnod biþ ðe ne biþ forðæm swá swíðe swá hit dereþ ðætte ǽnig wana sié ðære sibbe betwux ðǽm goodum swá swíðe hit eác dereþ ðæt hió ne sié gewanod betwux ðǽm yfelum. Forðæm gif ða unryhtwísan hiera yfel mid sibbe gefæstnigaþ and tósomne gemengaþ ðonne biþ geíced hiera mægen at contra admonendi sunt pacifici, ne tantae actionis pondus levigent, si, inter quos fundare pacem debeant, ignorent. Nam sicut multum nocet, si unitas desit bonis, ita valde est noxium, si non desit malis. Si ergo perversorum nequitia in pace jungitur, profecto eorum malis actibus robur augetur, 47, 3; Swt. 361, 5-12. Beó mannum sib and sóm gemǽne, and ǽlc sacu getwǽmed, L. Eth. v. 19; Th. i. 308, 29. Sibb, vi. 25; Th. i. 320, 28. Crist ðe ys ðære sibbe ealdor, Ælfc. T. Grn. 8, 1. Sibbe (sibbes, Lind., Rush.) beam, Lk. Skt. 10, 6. Mid sibbe cum consensu, Ps. Spl. 54, 15. Ðá wiste hé sumne híred ðe ungeþwǽre him betwéónum wǽron . . . hé wolde ðæt hié ealle on sibbe wǽron, Blickl. Homl. 225, 9. God sylfa bebeád ðæt wé sóðe sibbe heóldan and geþwǽrnesse ús betweónon habban, 109, 15 : Ps. Th. 33, 14. Ne wéne gé ðæt ic cóme sybbe on eorþan tó sendanne; ne com ic sybbe tó sendanne, ac swurd, Mt. Kmbl. 10, 34. Sybbe . . . tódál, Lk. Skt. 12, 51. Habbaþ sibbe betwux eów, Mk. Skt. 9, 50. Ðonne forlǽtaþ hí ða sibbe ðe hí nú healdaþ, and winþ heora ǽlc on óðer, and forlǽtaþ heora geférrǽdenne, Bt. 21; Fox 74, 34: Elen. Kmbl. 2411; El. 1207. V. peace, freedom from disturbance or molestation, tranquillity:-- Gerusalem is gereht sibbe gesyhþ (cf. sib-gesihþ), forðon ðe hálige sáula ðǽr restaþ, Blickl. Homl. 81, 1. Nú is ǽghwonon hreám and wóp and sibbe tólésnes, 115, 16. Iethro cwæþ: 'Gá on sybbe,'Ex. 4, 18. Hí ðá feówertig wintra wunodon on sibbe quievit terra per quadraginía annos, Jud. 5, 32. Beóþ on sibbe ða þing ðe hé áh, Lk. Skt. 11, 21. Hú wéne gé hwelce sibbe ða weras hæfden, ðonne heora wíf swá monigfeald yfel dónde wǽron? Ors. 1, 10; Swt. 50, 2. V a. the peace of a country, the king's peace:-- Ða kyningas ǽgðer ge hiora sibbe ge hiora onweald innanbordes gehióldon, Past. pref.; Swt. 3, 6. Hé (Augustus) bebeád ðæt eall moncynn áne sibbe hæfde, Ors. 5, 14; Swt. 248, 20. VI. peace of mind, freedom from agitation, fear, etc.:-- Sib sí mid eów, ne ondrǽde gé eów, Gen. 43, 23. Sý sibb betwux eów; ic hit eom, ne beó gé ná áfyrhte, Homl. Th. i. 220, 13: Jn. Skt. 20, 19. Ús biþ gearu sóna sibb æfter sorge, Andr. Kmbl. 3134; An. 1570. Léton ðone hálgan swefan on sibbe, blíðne bídan, 1663; An. 834. Wé mótan his ða wuldorfæstan onsýne mid sibbe sceáwian, Blickl. Homl. 103, 29. [Sæhte and sibbe, Laym. 6096. Off Daviþess kin and sibbe, Orm. 3315. We ne muʒe grið ne sibbe macie, O. E. Homl. i. 243, 14: O. and N. 1005. Goth. sibja relationship, adoption: O. Sax. sibbia relationship: O. Frs. sibbe: O. H. Ger. sippa, sibba adfinitas, propinquitas, pax, foedus : Icel. sifjar; pl. affinity; Sif the wife of Thor; she was the goddess of the sanctity of the family and wedlock, v. Grmm. D. M. 286 and R. A. 467.] v. bróðor-, cneów-, dryht-, friðu-, mǽg-, mǽgþ-, neáh-, níd-, un-sib[b], and next word.
sib[b]; adj. Sib (dial. e. g. Lancashire, Scottish), related; also absolute, one related, a relation (In god-sibbas the word is inflected as a noun, cf. Icel. sifr a near relation. In the passage below, Lk. 14, 12, the form may be taken as a weak noun, cf. Icel. sifi a relation by marriage, guðsifi a god-sib: O. L. Ger. sibbeo: O. H. Ger. sibbo consanguineus) :-- Ne biþ ná gelíc ðæt man wið swustor gehæ-acute;me and hit wæ-acute;re feor sibb (or ? feorsibb; cf. neáh-sibb), L. C. S. 52; Th. i. 404, 28. Ðæ-acute;r ne byþ sybbes lufu tó óðrum, Wulfst. 146, 13. Ðære sibban ob cognate, Wrt. Voc. ii. 64, 26. Hé biþ his móder on twám wísum tó sibbum getæ-acute;ht, ðæt hé biþ æ-acute;gðer ge sunu ge bróðer, Wulfst. 193, 7. Hát in gán seón sibbe gedriht samod ætgædere, Beo. Th. 779; 8. 387: 1462; 8. 729. (Grein takes sibbe as gen, of sibb, Thorpe and Heyne make it the first part of a compound. Cf. sib-gedryht.) Ðonne se deáþ cymeþ ásundraþ ðá sibbe ða ðe æ-acute;r somud wæ-acute;ron líc and sáwle when death comes, it separates then relations, who before were together, body and soul, Exon. Th. 367, 7; Seel. 4. Hé (Augustus) bebeád ðæt æ-acute;lc mæ-acute;gþ tógædere cóme, ðæt æ-acute;lc man ðý gearor wiste hwæ-acute;r hé gesibbe (sibbe, MS. C.) hæfde, Ors. 5, 14; Swt. 248, 17, Sibbo &l-bar; cúðo menn (gisibbe, Rush.) cognatos, Lk. Skt. Lind. 14, 12. [Hiss follc, þatt wass himm sibb o moderr hallfe, Orm. 19144. Sohhtenn himm betwenenn sibbe and cuþe (v. Lk. 2, 44), 8922. Bitwhwe sibbe, vlesliche oðer gostliche, A. R. 204, 20. Iosep bad sibbe (his kinsmen) cumen him biforen, Gen. and Ex. 2503. Who is sibbe to þis seuene . . . he is wonderliche welcome, Piers P. 5, 634. Sybbe or of kynne consanguineus, Prompt. Parv. 455. Goth. un-sibis impious: O. Frs. sibbe related: O. H. Ger. sippe.] v. ge-, neáh-sib[b].
sibaed sifted (?); arbatae, Txts. 43, 216. v. sife, sifeþa.
sib-æðeling, es; m. A prince and kinsman:-- Sibæðelingas (Beowulf and Wiglaf; a few lines before the former is spoken of as the mǽg of the latter). Beo. Th. 5409; B. 2708.
sibban (?); p. sifde (?) To rejoice:-- Sifeþ gaudet, Bd. 5, 23; S. 646, 35 note. [Goth. sifan; p. sifaida to rejoice.]
sibbian; p. ode To make people friends, make peace between disputants, reconcile:-- Se seðe ða unryhtwísan tósomne sibbaþ (pace social), hé seleþ ðære unryhtwísnesse fultom, Past. 47, 3; Swt. 361, 22. Sipbade paciscitur. Lk. Skt. p. 11. 2. On .iiii. nyhta mónan sibba ða cídenda[n] men, and ðú hié gesibbast, Lchdm. iii. 176, 25. Cyninge gebyreþ, ðæt hé eall cristen folc sibbie and sehte, L. I. P. 2; Th. ii. 304, 12. Sybbie, Wulfst. 266, 17. Wé lǽraþ, ðæt nán sacu, ðe betweox preóstan sí, ne beó gescoten tó worldmanna sóme, ac séman and sibbian heora ágene geféran, L. Edg. C. 7; Th. ii. 246, 4. Ðá wǽron on ðam tíman ungeþwǽre preóstas, ða hé wolde sibbian, Homl. Th. ii. 516, 5. v. ge-, un-sibbian.
sib-cwide, es; m. A speech professing peace and friendliness, fair words:-- Ða leásan men, ða ðe mid fungan treówa gehátaþ fægerum wordum . . . hafaþ on gehátum hunigsmæccas, sméðne sybcwide, Fragm. Kmbl. 54; Leás. 29.
sib-fæc, es; n. A degree of relationship:-- Æfre ne geweorðe, ðæt cristen man gewífige in .vi. manna sibfæce on his ágenum cynne, ðæt is þinnan ðam feórþan cneówe, L. Eth. vi. 12; Th. i. 318, 14: L. C. E. 7; Th. i. 364, 22. Cf. Christiani ex propinquitate sui sanguinis usque ad septimum gradum connubia non ducunt, Th. i. 257, note b, and ii. 19, note 1. v. Grmm. R. A. 468.
sib-gebyrda; pl. f. Relationship:-- Ic (Abraham) eom fædera ðín (Lot) sibgebyrdum, Cd. Th. 114, 8; Gen. 1901.
sib-gedryht, e; f. I. a band of kinsmen:-- Bád eall seó sib-gedriht (the Israelites) somod ætgædere. Cd. Th. 191, 13; Exod. 214. II. a peaceful band:-- Swinsaþ sibgedryht (the host of spirits who live in the peace and tranquillity of heaven), Exon. Th. 239. 8; Ph. 618. In ðam écean gefeán mid ða sibgedryht somud eard niman, 184, 18; Gú. 1346.
sib-gemágas; pl. m. Kinsmen:-- Heáhlond stigon sibgemágas (Abraham and Isaac), Cd. Th. 202, 10; Exod. 386.
sib-geornness, e; f. Eagerness for peace and kindness, love:-- Syb-geornes caritas Dei et proximi, Wulfst. 69, 2. Sihgeornes, 189, 21.
sib-gesihþ, e; f. A vision pf peace:-- Sibgesyhþe Hierosolymae (v. sib. V), Hpt. Gl. 447, 56.
sib-lác, es; n. A peace-offering:-- Ic ðé wille gesyllan míne siblác (hostias pacificas), L. Ath. i. prm.; Th. i. 196, 21.
sib-leger, es; m. An incestuous person:-- Be siblegerum. And æt siblegerum ða witan gerǽddan, ðæt cyng áh ðone uferan and bisceop ðone nyðeran, L. E. G. 4; Th. i. 168, 13-15. Cf. for-liger; m.
sib-leger, es; n. Incest:-- Be siblegere. Gif hwá sibleger gewyrce gebéte ðæt be sibbe mǽðe, L. C. S. 52; Th. i. 404, 24. Wearþ ðes þeódscype swýðe forsyngod þurh sibblegeru and þurh mistlíce forligru. Wulfst. 164, 5 : 165, 31.
sib-líc; adj. Of peace:-- Mid siblícum cosse, Homl. Skt. i. 22, 31. God biddan ðæt hé forgefe siblíce tíd and smyltelíco gewidra, Shrn. 74, 11. Wé sceolan ús geearnian ða siblecan wǽra Godes and manna, Blickl. Homl. 111, 3.
sibling, es; m. A relation, kinsman:-- Sibling affinis vel consangtuineus, Wrt. Voc. i. 72, 46: Homl. Th. i. 516, 14. Hæfst ðú suna oððe dohtra oððe áðum oððe ænigne sibling? Gen. 19, 12. Gebróðru vel siblingas fratres, Wrt. Voc. i. 53, 3. Ofsleáþ ðás ealdras, ðonne beóþ heora siblingas tó heófunge geneádode, Homl. Th. i. 88, 1. Fæder and móder and flǽsclíce siblingas, 398, 8. Úre frýnd geseón and úre siblingas gegrétan, ii. 526, 33. Siblingum contribulibus, propinquis, parentibus,Hpt. Gl. 472, 23. v. ge-sibling.
sib-lufu, an; f. Kindly affection, kindness, love such as exists between kinsmen:-- Ic (God) tó eów mid siblufan gecyrre þurh milde mód, Exon. Th. 366, 6; Reb. 8: 40, 7; Cri. 635. Hié (the fallen angels) of siblufan Godes áhwurfon, Cd. Th. 2, 25; Gen. 24. Git mé sibblufan and freóndscipe cýðaþ, 152, 3; Gen. 2514.
[sib-ræden[n], e; f. Affinity, relationship:-- þes ilce Willelm hæfde ǽror numen ðes eorles dohter of Angeow tó wífe oc hí wǽron siððen tótweamde for sibréden. Chr. 1127; Erl. 255, 21. The king him let uor sibrede todele fram is wif, R. Glouc. 492, 9. A sybredyñ consanguinitas, Cath. Ang. 338, where see note. See also sib-rit, sibbe-ridge, -red banns of marriage, E. D. S. Pub. B. 16.]
sib-sum;, adj. Peaceable, pacific, friendly:-- Sibsum pacificus, Rtl. 39, 9. Eálá ðú sóða and ðú sibsuma, Crist ælmihtig. Exon. Th. 14, 5; Cri. 214. Ða Gotan lustlíce sibbsummes friðes æt eów biddende sindon the Goths willingly ask for a friendly peace at your hands; Gothi societatem Romani foederis precibus sperant, Ors. 1, 10; Swt. 48, 22. Sibsume ɫ friðgeorne (ɫ friðsume, Rush.) pacifici, Mt. Kmbl. Lind. 5, 9. [O. H. Ger. sippi-sam pacificus.] v. ge-sibsum.
sibsumlíce; adv. Peaceably, in peace:-- Sibsumlíce gebunden mid ðínum bebode. Bt. 33, 4; Fox 128, 31. v. ge-sibsumlíce.
sibsumness, e; f. Peaceableness, peace, tranquillity:-- Hé ðæt ríce heóld on gódre geþuǽrnesse and on micelre sibsumnesse. Chr. 860; Erl. 70, 34. Lufa sibsumnysse and geþwǽrnysse, Wulfst. 247, 1, [Þa weren alle mid sibsumnesse, O. E. Homl. i. 91, 17. Sibsumnesse eu beo among pax vobiscum, Misc. 54, 599.] v. ge-sibsumness.
sibsumung, sibun. v. ge-sibsumung, seofon.
síc, es; n. : but síce, es; m. seems also to occur. A sike. 'Sike a watercourse; applied to a natural as well as to an artificial stream; the latter usually constructed to receive the contents of field gutters, for discharge into the river.' Mid-Yorks. Gloss. See also E. D. S. Pub. 13, 15, and Old Farming Words, III :-- Sike a quillet or furrow. Jamieson gives sike a rill. Cuddie Headrigg says 'I took up the syke a wee bit.':-- Of ðam mere west . . . ðonne innan ánne síce, ðonne andlangc síces ðæt cymþ tó ðæm horpytte, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. iii. 37, 20-22. Of ðæm beorge on ðæt síc; ondlong síces ofer ðone bróc, 38, 28 : 35, 7. In wǽtan síce; of ðæm wǽtan síce in ða bakas, 382, 7: 386, 11. In ðæt wǽte sícc; of ðam síce, 386, 16. On ðæt eástre síc, 438, 28. In ðæt síc, 31, 12. [Syke rivus, Wrt. Voc. i. 195, col. 2. Icel. sík a ditch, trench: O. H. Ger. gi-sích stagnum, lacus, palus (cf. Scott, sike a marshy bottom with a small stream running through it), Grff. vi. 58.] Cf. seohtra.
sícan, sýcan; p. te To cause to suck, to suckle, give suck:-- Ðú sýcst hálgum breóste lactas sacrato ubere, Hymn. Surt. 75, 43. Ða breóst ðe ne síctun (sýctun, MS. A.) ubera quae non lactauenmt, Lk. Skt. 23, 29. v. ge-sícan, á-sícyd; súcan.
sícan; p. sác. I. to sike (still in dial. e. g. Lancashire), sigh, groan:-- On mínum bedde ic síce and wépe, Ps. Th. 6, 5. II. to sigh for, long for :-- Ðæt wǽron ða tída ðe Rómáne nú ǽfter sícaþ en tempora . . . quibus recordatio suspirat, Ors. 2, 8; Swt. 92, 35. [Seoruhfulnesse made him siken sore, A. R. 110, 13. Wepenn & sikenn sare & suhh&yogh;henn, Orm. 7924. Þe king gon siche (sike, 2nd MS.) sare, Laym. 12772. He sikede, Jul. 20, 9. Sike, Horn. 426: Havel. 291. She neither weep ne syked, Clerkes Tale 545. Thanne syked Sathan, Piers P. 18, 263.] v. á-, on-sícan, and following words.
sice, es; m. A sigh, groan; gemitus :-- Ic mé on Godes helde bebeode wiðð ðane sára[n] sice, wið ðane sára[n] slege, wið ðane grymma[n] gryre� an wiþ eal ðæt láð ðe intó land fare, Lchdm. i. 388, 12. [He weorp a sic a with þat sare were iwundet, Jul. 21, 12. He ne fecheð noht þe sore siches on neðerward his heorte, O. E. Homl. Ii. 83, 26. Mid seoruhfule sikes, A. R. 284, 3. Ðor sat his moder in sik and sor, Gen. and Ex. 1239. With a sik she seyde, Tr. and Cr. 3, 207. Amang his sobbes and his sikes sore, 4, 50.]
sicerian; p. ode To ooze, of a fluid, to make way through a small opening :-- Swíðe lytlum siceraþ ðæt wæter and swíðe dégellíce on ðæt hlece scip and ðeáh hit wilnaþ ðæs ilcan ðe sió hlúde ýð, ðéþ on ðære hreón sǽ búton hit mon ǽr út áweorpe by very small quantities and with very great secrecy does the water make its way into the leaky ship, and yet it has the same intention as the loud wave in the rough sea, unless it be cast out beforehand; hoc agit sentina latenter excrescens, quod patenter procella saeviens, Past. 57, 1; Swt. 437. 14. [Ger. sickern to ooze, trickle.]
sicet[t], es; n. A sigh, groan :-- On siccetum in gemitibus, Ps. Lamb. 30, 10.
sicet[t]an, siccet[t]an; p. te. I. to sigh, groan :-- Sicetit singultat, Wrt. Voc. ii. 120, 50. Ðá begann se ealda siccetan and mid wópe wearþ ofergoten, Ælfc. T. Grn. 18, 1. II. as opposed to expressing grief by speech (?) :-- Ða unryhtwísan sicettaþ (siccettaþ, Cott. MSS.) on ðæ-acute;m þiéstrum impii in tenebris conticescent, Past. 11, 1; Swt. 65, 12. Siccitan conticiscent, silebant, Wrt. Voc. ii. 135. 15.
sicet[t]ung, siccet[t]ung, e; f. A sigh, sob, heavy or short breathing, sighing :-- Siccetung suspirium, Wrt. Voc. i. 19, 34. Siccitung singultus, 46, 19. Mé ðiós siccetung hafaþ ágǽled, ðes geocsa, Met. 2, 4. Mín geár wǽron on sicetunga and on gestæne (in gemitibus), Ps. Th. 30, 11. Sicetunge singultu, Hpt. Gl. 514, 66. In sicettunge and geoxunge in singultum, Wrt. Voc. ii. 46, 8. Getogene sicetunge ducta suspiria, Hpt. Gl. 511, 41. Heófunga sicetungum lamentorum singultibus, 472, 57. Siccitungum, 504, 63. Hé angsumlíce siccetunga teáh swá ðæt hé earfoþlíce orðian mihte he drew his breath painfully and heavily, so that he could hardly breathe, Homl. Th. i. 86, 8. Hé wearþ ðá gesícelod and siccetunga teáh of niwellícum breóste on bedde licgende he fell ill and drew sighs from the bottom of his heart, as he lay in his bed, Homl. Skt. i. 7, 65.
Sicilie; pl. The Sicilians, the people of Sicily, or (as in the older stage of the language the name of a people was used where now that of their country is put) Sicily. [In this sense the Latin form also occurs :-- Sicilia, églond micel, Met. 1, 15. Sicilia ðæt ígland is þrýscýte, Ors. 1, 1; Swt. 28, 2. On Sicilia ðæm londe, 2, 6; Swt. 88, 31. Betwux ðám muntum and Sicilia ðam eálonde, Bt. 1; Fox 2, 4] :-- Sicilie ungeráde wæ-acute;ron him betweónum, Ors. 2, 7; Swt. 90, 6. Hit Sicilia fela ofslóg, 2, 6; Swt. 88, 32. Sicilia folc, burh, 4, 6; Swt. 170, 20, 30. Sicilia íglond insulas Siciliae, Swt. 172, 30. On Sicilium in Sicilia, 4, 4; Swt. 164, 23: 5, 3; Swt. 222, 27. Of Sicilium ex Sicilia, 4, 6; Swt. 174, 20. Hí wunnon on Sicilie (adversus Siculos), 4, 5; Swt. 168, i9. Hé gefór mid firde an Sicilie cum in Sicilia bellum gereret, Swt. 166, 6: 4, 10; Swt. 194, 3.
Sicilisc; adj. Sicilian : - Sicili[s]c, Sicul inberdli(n)c ɫ burhleód, Sicilisc inbyrdlincg siculus indigena, Sici[li]ensis incivis, Hpt. Gl. 499, 35-39. Se Sicilisca Siculus, Wrt. Voc. ii. 84, 26.
síclian, sícelian; p. ode To sicken, be or fall sick :-- Lange hé síclaþ diu egrotat, Lchdm. iii. 151, 8. Sícclaþ (síclaþ, MS. T.), 13. [Ðá wæs Leófríc abbot of Burh æt þ̄ ilca feord, and sǽclode ðǽr, and com hám, and wæs dǽd sóne ðǽr æfter, Chr. 1066; Erl. 203, 12. Þat ilce ðæi þat Martin abbot of Burch sculde þider faren, þa sǽclede hé & ward déd .iv. no. Jañ., 1154; Erl. 266, 10.] [Leste oure soule secli, A. R. 50, 20. O. H. Ger. siechelón languere.] v. ge-síclian.
sicol (-el, -ul), es; m. A sickle :-- Ðes sicol haec falx, Ælfc. Gr. 9, 72; Zup. 73, 6: Wrt. Voc. i. 85, 2 : falciola vel falcicula, 34, 63. Sicul falx, ii. 146, 77. Sicel baxus, 12, 53: Wülck: Gl. 193, 9. Ne ríp ðú ná mid sicele (falce), Deut. 23, 25. Hé sent his sicol mittit falcem, Mt. Skt. 4, 29. Hé sceal sicol habban, Anglia ix. 263, 5. [O. H. Ger. sihhila; f. falx, falcicula : Ger. sichel. Probably from Latin secula.]
sicor; adj. with gen. Secure front, free from guilt and the punishment it brings, safe, free from danger or harm, sure, certain, free from doubt :-- Swá ús biþ æt Gode ðonne wé wið hine gesyngiaþ; ðeáh wé nǽfre eft swá ne dón, gif wé ðæt gedóne mid nánum þingum ne bétaþ ne ne hreówsiaþ, ne bió wé nó ðæs sicore; gif ús ðæt ne mislícaþ ðæt ús ǽr lícode, ðonne ne biþ hit nó ús færgiefen. Ðeáh wé nú náuht yfeles ne dón on ðisse worulde, ne sculon wé ðeáh forðý bión tó orsorge, gif wé náuht tó góde ne dóþ; forðæmðe swíðe fela unáléfedes wé oft geþenceaþ. Hú mæg se ðonne bión orsorg, se ðe him self wát, ðæt hé gesyngaþ ita et cum Deo delinquimus, nequaquam satisfacimus, si ab iniquitate cessamus, nisi voluptates quoque, quas dileximus, e contrario appositis lamentis insequamur. Si enim nulla nos in hac vita operum culpa maculasset, nequaquam nobis hic adhuc degentibus ipsa ad securitatem innocentia nostra sufficeret; quia illicita animum multa pulsarent. Qua ergo mente securus est, qui perpetratis iniquitatibus ipse sibi testis est, quia innocens non est? Past. 54, 5; Swt. 425, 3, 10. [Hi harm hadde, hii wende þat hii siker were, Laym. 9401 (2nd MS.). Dead is þe king & siker þu miht hider comen, 15092. Wá wes Brutten þere, þenne heo wenden beon sikere, 29289. Be þu sikerr þatt he shall þe &yogh;ifenn eche blisse, Orm. 4844. Beoð ancren wise, þet habbeð wel bituned ham a&yogh;ein þe helle leun, uorte beon þe sikerure, A. R. 164, 12. Ne migten he siker ben, for magnie of ðo woren ouertaken, Gen. and Ex. 876. Þat ich mowe a siker bold arere, R. Glouc. 116, 1. Syker þou be Engelond ys nou þyn, 359, 9. Hit is sikerest in þi heeued (safest to sprinkle water on the head at baptism), Shoreham. Þai salle be þare syker and certayne To have endeless joy, Pr. C. 8559. A man hath most honour To deyen ... whan he is siker of his goode name, Chauc. Kn. T. 2191. Her none sikerer þan other, Piers P. 12, 162 note. O. Frs. sikur (-er) free from guilt; sure, trustworthy: O. Sax. (sundiono) sikur (-or) : O. H. Ger. sihhur securus, immunis, liber, tutus. From Latin securus.]
síd; adj. I. wide, broad, spacious, ample, extensive. (a) applied to the world, universe, ocean, etc. :-- Ðiós síde gesceaft þénaþ and þiówaþ the wide world ministers and serves, Met. 29, 76. Eorþe and síd wæter earth and ocean broad, Cd. Th. 7, 2; Gen. 100. Geseah sceado swiðrian geond sídne grund, 8, 35; Gen. 134. Sǽs sídne grund, Exon. Th. 349, 2; Sch. 40. Geond sídne sǽ, 53, 19; Cri. 853. Sǽs sídne fæðin, Elen. Kmbl. 1454; El. 729. Is ðæs fýres frumstól ofer eallum óðrum gesceaftum geond ðisne sídne grund, Met. 20, 127. (b) applied to a tract of land, to a kingdom, etc., v. síd-land :-- Síde ríce a broad realm, Beo. Th. 4404; B. 2199. Nyttade Noe mid sunum sínum sídan ríces, Cd. Th. 96, 24; Gen. 1599. Unlytel dǽl sídre foldan (the district of Sodom and Gomorrah), 154. 5; Gen. 2551. Sennar sídne and wídne Shinar's plain broad and wide, 99, 33; Gen. 1655. Síde sǽlwongas, 78, 14; Gen. 1293. Síde sǽnæssas, Beo. Th. 451; B. 223. Hé wealdeþ sídum rícum he shall rule broad realms, Ps. Th. 71, 8. (c) applied to a comparatively small surface :-- Ic bere sídne scyld, Beo. Th. 879; B. 437. Setton síde scyldas wið weal, 656; B. 325. Síde weallas, Exon. Th. 1, 9; Cri. 5. (d) applied to a number of people who cover a wide space, v. síd-folc :-- Sécan síde herge, Exon. Th. 33, 12; Cri. 524. Weorode, síde herge, Beo. Th. 4683; B. 2347. Síde worude (? worulde, MS.), Cd. Th. 118, 11; Gen. 1963. Ofer síd weorod, Elen. Kmbl. 316; El. 158. Síde þeóde, Ps. Th. 117, 10. Síde hergas, Cd. Th. 194, 14; Exod. 260: Andr. Kmbl. 1304; An. 652. (e) figuratively, far-reaching, large :-- Geþolode wine Scyldinga weána gehwylcne, sídra sorga, Beo. Th. 300; B. 149. Ic worn hæbbe sídra sorga gehýred, Exon. Th. 11, 13; Cri. 170. Ne behwylfan mæg heofon and eorþe his wuldres word wíddra and síddra ðonne befæðman mǽge foldan sceátas (stretching too far and wide to be embraced), Cd. Th. 204, 31; Exod. 427. II. capacious, ample, spacious, large :-- Glóf síd, Beo. Th. 4178; B. 2086. In sídum ceóle, Exon. Th. 345, 10; Gn. Ex. 186. On ðyssum sídan sele, Cd. Th. 273, 3; Sat. 131. Geond ðæt síde sel, Andr. Kmbl. 1523; An. 763. Con hé sídne ræced fæste gefégan, Exon. Th. 296, 7; Crä,. 47. II a. figuratively of the capacity of the mind :-- On sídum sefan, Exon. Th. 169,17; Gú. 1096. Þurh sídne sefan, Beo. Th. 3456; B. 1726. Sefan sídne geþanc and snytro cræft, Cd. Th. 249, 26; Dan. 536. III. long, hanging, of ample length, of clothes, hair, etc., v. síd-feax :-- Síd reáf swilce méteras wyrceþ on anlícnesse toga, Wrt. Voc. i. 41, 3. Iohannes geseah úrne Drihten mid alban gescrídne, and seó wæs síd niðer óþ ða andcleówa (it reached down to the ancles, cf. Icel. kné-, skó-síðr reaching to the knee, the shoes (of dress) ), L. Ælfc. P. 15;Th. ii. 370, 3. Herebyrne síd (cf. Icel. brynja rúm ok síð), Beo. Th. 2892; B. 1444. Mid sídum bearde (cf. Icel. sítt skegg), Homl. Th. i. 466, 24. Síde beardas, 456, 18. Se beard and ðæt feax him wǽron óþ ða fét síde (cf. Icel. lokkar siðir til jarðar), Shrn. 120, 25. Hí habbaþ beardas óþ cneów síde and feax óþ helan barbas habentes usque ad genua, comas usque ad talos, Nar. 35, 2 : 38, 8. Wíf habbaþ beardas swá síde óþ heora breóst, 38, 2. [Now wers men short and now syde, Pr. C. 1534. Syyd, as clothys talaris, Prompt. Parv. 455 where see note. See also Halliwell Dict. side. Icel. síðr long, hanging.]
síd-ádl, e; f. Pleurisy :-- On sídan lama vel sídádl pleuriticus, Wrt. Voc. i. 19, 31. Cf. síd-wærc.
sídan; adv. From a wide area :-- Of gehwilcum stówum wýdan and sýdan gegaderod, Cod. Dip. B. ii. 389, 23. Cf. next word.
síde; adv. Widely, extensively, amply :-- Síde prolixius, Hpt. Gl. 526, 60. ¶ The word generally occurs along with wíde, far and wide :-- &dash-uncertain;Síde and wíde longe lateque, Wrt. Voc. ii. 53, 59: Cd. Th. 8, 3; Gen. 118: El. 554; El. 277. Hé Godes lof ræ-acute;rde wíde and síde, Chr. 959; Erl. 119, 26: Cd. Th. 1, 20: Gen. 101. Is wuldur ðín wíde and síde ofer ðás eorþan ealle in omnem terram gloria tua, Ps. Th. 56, 6, 13. Gesamnadon weras wíde and síde, Andr. Kmbl. 3273; An. 1639. Cyn&dash-uncertain;ingas hine wíde worðodon síde, Chr. 975; Erl. 125, 23. Ealra læ-acute;ca ðæra ðe gewurde wíde oððe síde, Hy. 1, 7. [Þis wes itald wide and side, Laym. 29902. Wide and side spelledd iss, Orm. 5900. Sidder (hanging) lower, Piers P. 5, 193.] Cf. preceding word.
síde, an; f. I. a side, flank, of living things :-- Síde latus, Wrt, Voc. i. 44, 24: ii. 51, 72: lumbus, 113, 29. Wið ðære swíðran sídan sáre and ðære winestran, Lchdm. ii. 6, 3. On sídan lama pleuriticus, Wrt. Voc. i. 19, 31. Hé Hǽlend genom be sídan, Cd. Th. 299, 5; Sat. 545. Hit (the horse) ongan walwian and on gehwæðere sídan hit oferweorpan (in diversum latus vicissim sese volvere), Bd. 3, 9; S. 533, 40. Án ðæra cempena geopenode his sídan (sídu, Lind. : sído, Rush.) mid spere, Jn. Skt. 19, 34. Sídan (ða sídu &l-bar; ðæt sídu, Lind. : ða sído, Rush.) latus, 20, 20. II. side of a house, ship, etc. :-- Duru ðú setst be ðære sídan (the side of the ark), Gen. 6, 16: Past. 22; Swt. 169, 24. Ðæt scyp on sídan licgende, Bd. 5, 9; S. 623, 21. III. marking direction on this or that side :-- Ðeós þridde India hæfþ on ánre sídan þeóstru, on óðere gársecg, Homl. Th. i. 454, 14. Æ-acute;fre byþ on sumre sídan ðære eorþan dæg, and ǽfre on sumre sídan niht, Lchdm. iii. 234, 27: Anglia viii. 319, 39. IV. of descent, cf. on the father's, mother's side :-- Hig wǽron ácennede of Constantines sídan, ðæt ys of gestreónde, Shrn. 97, 6. [O. Sax. sída : O. Frs. síde: O. H. Ger. síta Icel. síða.]
síde, an; f. Silk :-- Sídan sericum, Coll. Monast. Th. 27, 7. [O. H. Ger. sída sericum : Ger. seide. From Mid. Lat. seta. Cf. Span. seda : Ital. seta : Fr. soie.] v. síd-wyrm, síden.
síd-ece, es; m. Side-ache :-- Drenc wið sídece, Lchdm. iii. 48, 9, 18.
side-ful[l]; adj. I. of good behaviour or manners, honest, modest, virtuous, sober :-- Sideful pudicus, Wrt. Voc. i. 51, 33. Se árfæst snoter eádmod sidefull séfre clǽne wæs qui pius, prudens, humilis, pudicus, sobrius, castus fuit, Hymn. Surt. 137, 1. Sidefull mann and mid þeáwum gefrætwod, Homl. Th. i. 596, 31. Sideful pudica, casta, Hpt. Gl. 439, 16. On ánre tíde twá mǽdencild cumaþ, and biþ ðæt án sydefull and ðæt óðer sceandlíc, Homl. Skt. i. 5, 280. Sidefulre pudicae, castae, Hpt. Gl. 428, 48. Ða heáhfæderas wǽron sidefulle on þeáwum and sýferlíce lybbende, Homl. As. 37, 327. Wé witon ðæt manega sydefulle clericas (many honest clerks) nyton hwæt byþ quadrans, Anglia viii. 306, 27. II. of dress, sober, modest, decorous :-- Mid háligre drohtnunge and sidefullum gyrlan, Homl. Th. i. 546, 25. [Sannte Mar&yogh;e wass shammfasst & daffte & sedefull, Orm. 2175.] v. un-sidefull.
sidefullíce; adv. Virtuously, decorously :-- Sidefullíce honeste, Germ. 389. 33.
sidefulness, e; f. Honesty, modesty, sobriety :-- Clǽnnyss and sidefulnys eówres líchaman and sáule castitas atque sobrietas corporis simul et spiritus vestri, Cod. Dip. B. i. 155, 13. Sidefulnysse pudicitiae, Hpt. Gl. 433, 56. Mæg[þ]hádlícere sidefulnysse pudicitiae (castitatis) virginalis, 440, 65 : 447, 9. Wífmen ne beón bútan sidefulnysse. Homl. Skt. i. 13, 120. v. un-sidefulness.
side-líc; adj. Sober, sedate, modest :-- Of sidelícre ansýne serio, Germ. 389, 36. [O. H. Ger. situ-líh moralis, deliberatus : Ger. sitt-lich : Icel. sið-ligr well-bred.]
sidelíce; adv. In a proper manner, suitably :-- Monige scylda openlíce witene beóþ tó forberanne ðonne ðæs þinges tíma ne biþ ðæt hit mon sidelíce gebétan mǽge . . . Ac ðonne se láreów ieldende sécþ ðone tíman ðe hé his hiéremenn sidelíce on þreátigean mǽge . . . nonnulla aperte cognita mature toleranda sunt, cum rerum minime opportunitas congruit, ut aperte corrigantur . . . Sed cum tempus subditis ad correptionem quaeritur . . ., Past. 21, 2; Swt. 153, 1-6. [O. H. Ger. situlího rite : Icel. siðliga nicely.]
síden; adj. Silken, of silk :-- Síden sericum, Hpt. Gl. 417, 34. [O. H. Ger. sédín sericeus : Ger. seiden.]
sidesa (?), sidsa, an; m. A charm (?), magical influence (?) :--Wið ælfe and wið uncúþum sidsan, Lchdm. ii. 296, 10. [Cf. (?) Icel. síða to work a charm; seiðr a spell, charm, enchantment.] Cf. ælf-siden.
sideware, an; f. Zedoary :-- Nim sidewaran, Lchdm. iii. 10, 30. [O. H. Ger. citawar, zitwar : Ger. zitwer : Low Lat. zedoaria, zeduarium (v. hoc zeduarium zeduarye, Wrt. Voc. i. 227, col. 1) from Arabic zedwár. From a French form citoual comes Mid. E. zeduale, A. R. 370, 11, cetewale. Chauc. Group B 1951, see Skeat's note on the passage.]
síd-fæðme; adj. Broad of bosom, of a ship, broad in the beam :-- Hé sǽlde tó sande sídfæðme scip, Beo. Th. 3839; B. 1917. Cf. wíd-fæðme.
síd-fæðmed; adj. Broad-bosomed, broad-beamed :-- Seomode on sole sídfæðmed scip, Beo. Th. 610; B. 302.
síd-feax, -feaxe, -fexe; adj. With long hair :-- Absalon wæs sídfeaxe, Homl. Skt. i. 19, 221 MS. U. Sídfexe capillatus, Ælfc. Gr. 43; Zup. 256, 10 note. Hí lange tíd eodon ealle unscorene and sídfeaxe, Th. Ap. 6, 12. Sume gáþ sídfeaxe, ðæt hý þurh ðæt wiðmetene sýn Samuele and Elian and óðerum hálgum ðe sídfeaxe wǽron, R. Ben. 135, 27-30. v. síd, III, and next word.
síd-feaxode, -fexede; adj. Long-haired :-- Absalon wæs sídfæxede (-feaxode, MS. D.), Homl. Skt. i. 19, 221. Sídfexede capillatus, Ælfc. Gr. 43; Zup. 256, 10. v. preceding word.
síd-folc, es; n. A people occupying an extensive space, (1) a multitude :-- Sídfolc micel (the multitude that accompanied St. Juliana's body), Exon. Th. 284, 4; Jul. 692. (2) a great people, great nation :-- God hí of sídfolcum gesamnade Dominus de regionibus congregavit eos, Ps. Th. 106, 2. v. síd, Id; wíd-folc.
sídian; p. ode To make or to become wide, ample (síd) :--Sídaþ, Exon. Th. 354, 53; Reim. 65. v. be-sídian; sídung.
síd-land, es; n. A broad, spacious land :-- Sceal fromcynne folde ðíne, sídland manig, geseted wurðan, Cd. Th. 133, 3; Gen. 2205. Sǽs and sídland, 148, 3; Gen. 2451. Cf. wíd-land.
sídling-weg, es; m. A road that runs obliquely (?) :--Ofer feld on ða rihtlandgemǽre on ðone sídlingweg tó wuda, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. iii. 446, 19. Cf. Halliwell Dict. sidelings aslant, sideways : Jamieson sideling, oblique; sydlingis obliquely, not directly.
síd-rand. es; m. A broad shield :-- Ðá wæs on healle heardecg togen sweord ofer setlum, sídrand manig hafen. Beo. Th. 2583; B. 1289.
sidsan, Lchdm. ii. 296, 10. v. sidesa.
sidu, seodu, siodu (o); gen. dat. a; m. I. a custom, use, manner, habit, practice :-- Ðæt heó cóme tó him mid hire cynehelme, swá swá heora seodu wæs, Anglia ix. 28, 31. Micel sido mid Rómwarum wæs, Bt. 27, 1; Fox 96, 2. Se sido ðe sume men secgaþ ðæt [hé] sié méde wyrðe, sume men secgaþ ðæt hé sié wýtes wyrðe, 39, 9; Fox 226, 4. Hé dyde him ðæt ríceter tó sida (sioda, Cott. MSS.) and tó gewunan ministerium regiminis vertit in usum dominationis, Past. 121, 9; Swt. 121, 19; Ðú ne meaht hiora sidu and heora gecynd onwendan, Bt. 7, 2; Fox 18, 30. God gesette unáwendendlícne sido and þeáwas his gesceaftum, 21; Fox 74, 1 : Met. 11, 12. Þeóda swíðe ungelíca æ-acute;gðer ge on spræ-acute;ce ge on þeáwum ge on eallum sídum nationes lingua, moribus, totius vitae ratione distantes, Bt. 18, 2; Fox 62, 30. Ia. a religious practice, a rite (cf. Icel. siðr religion, faith, Kristinn, heiðinn siðr Christianity, heathenism) :--Moyses wolde Obab ob ðæs hæ-acute;ðendómes siðum álæ-acute;dan cum Hobab a gentilitatis conversatione vellet educere, Past. 41, 5; Swt. 304, 9. II. good conduct, morality, modesty :-- Hádlícere side (fæ-acute;mnhádlícere sidefulnysse (?) v. sidefulness) virginalis pudicitiae (castitatis), Hpt. Gl. 449, 4. Side (? -fulnysse) pudicitia, castitate, 454, 53. Ða kyningas (of England) æ-acute;gðer ge hiora sibbe ge hiora siodo (sido, Cott. MSS.) ge hiora onweald gehióldon the kings maintained peace, morality, and power, Past. pref.; Swt. 3, 7. Gif hé þurh cúscne siodo læ-acute;st mína lára if by modest conduct he carry out my instructions, Cd. Th. 39, 2; Gen. 618. [Goth. sidus góds boni mores : O. Sax. sidu a custom : O. Frs. side : O. H. Ger. situ mos, consuetudo, habitus, usus, ritus, indoles, moralitas : Icel. siðr.] v. land-, un-sidu.
sídung, e; f. An extension, augmentation :-- Ymbe ðises bissextus gefyllednysse wé wyllaþ rúmlícor iungum cnihtum geopenian . . . ðæt hig syððan his sýdunge óðrum gecýðon . . . De augmentatione bissexti, (then follows the promised account), Anglia viii. 306, 16.
síd-wærc, es; m. A pain in the side :-- Wið sídwærce, Lchdm. ii. 62, 24 : 256, 12 : iii. 20, 20.
síd-weg, es; m. A road that stretches far; in the plural distant parts :-- Ðá wæs gesamnod of sídwegum mægen unlytel, Elen. Kmbl. 564; El. 282. Fugla cynn on healfa gehwone heápum þringaþ sígaþ sídwegum contrahit in coetum sese genus omne volantum, Exon. Th. 221, 19; Ph. 337. Cf. wíd-weg.
síd-wyrm, es; m. A silk-worm :-- Siolucwyrm oððe sídwyrm bombix, Wrt. Voc. ii. 12, 22. Sýdwyrm, i. 24, 6. [O. H. Ger. sída-wurm.]
sié, siemle, sién (be), sién (vision), siendon, sient, siére, sierede, siex. v. sí, simle, sí, sín, sind, seár, sirwan, six.
sife, es; n. A sieve :-- Sibi crebrum, Wrt. Voc. ii. 105, 41. Sife crebrum, cribellum, 136, 62 : cribrum, i. 34, 41 : cribra vel cribellum, 83, 20. Lytel sife cribellum, 34, 42. Ásift smale þurh smæl sife sift fine through a fine sieve, Lchdm. ii. 94, 2 : 72, 28. Man sceal habban . . . syfa . . . hérsyfe, Anglia ix. 264, 13. [O. H. Ger. sib; n. cribrum, cribellum.] v. hǽr-, windwig-sife.
sífer, sifeþ, v. sýfer, sibban.
sifeþa, seofoþa; pl. f. : but also sifeþa, an; m. I. siftings, bran, chaff :-- Sifeþa furfur, Wrt. Voc. i. 67, 49 : acus, 83, 19. Sifiþan, siuida furfures, Txts. 65, 940. Syfeþa, Wrt. Voc. ii. 38, 75. Swá swá mon melo sift; ðæt melo þurhcrýpþ ǽlc þyrel and ða siofoþa (syfeþa, Cott. MS.) weorþaþ ásyndred. Bt. 34, 11; Fox 152, 3. Genim ðysse wyrte sǽd on ele gesodene and mid syfeþon gemencged, Lchdm. i. 282, 1. Dó seofoþa on sealt wæter, ii. 262, 13. Riges seofoþa, 48, 20. Oferwylle on ðam selfan ecede sifeþan, 250, 23. II. useless seeds, tares :-- Áta ɫ sifþa ɫ unwæstm zizania, Mt. Kmbl. Lind. 13, 38. Sifþe, 13, 25. Sifþena zizaniorum, p. 17, 5. [Syvedys or brynne or palyys furfur, Prompt. Parv. 457.]
siftan; p. te To sift, pass through a sieve :-- Ic syfte cribro, Ælfc. Gr. 24; Zup. 137, 10. Siftiþ (-it, -id) crebrat, Txts. 55, 596. Syfteþ, Wrt. Voc. ii. 15, 44. Sift, 136, 61. Swá swá mon melo sift (seft. Cott. MS.), Bt. 34, 11; Fox 152, 2. Sifte. cribraret, Wrt. Voc. ii. 74, 3. Syfte, 15, 57. v. á-, be-, ge-siftan.
sig (?) himself :-- Se ðe gebysmreþ sig qui se polluerit, L. Ecg. iv. 68, 16; Th. ii. 230, 14.
sígan; p. sáh, pl. sigon; pp. sigen. I. to pass from a higher to a lower position, to sink, descend, decline, fall down :-- Hé (a man hung on a tree) on wyrtruman sígeþ, fealleþ on foldan, Exon. Th. 328, 29; Vy. 25. Ðá hé on eorþan sáh cadens in terram, Bd. 3, 12; S. 537, 31. Hí áheówon ðæt treów ðæt hit brastliende sáh tó ðam hálgan were. Ðá worhte hé ongeán ðam hreósendum treówe róde tácn, Homl. Th. ii. 508, 33. Him sáh (here, or from seón (?), but cf. Icel. höfðu út sigit iðrin í þat sárit) se innoþ eall út, L. Ælfc. C. 3; Th. ii. 344, 6. Sitte gé sigewíf, sígaþ tó eorþan (in a charm for bees), Lchdm. i. 384, 24. Ðú gestaþoladest eorþan swíðe wundorlíce . . . nánwuht eorþlíces hí ne healt, ðæt hió ne síge, and nis hire éðre tó feallanne ofdúne ðonne up, Bt. 33, 4; Fox 130, 37. Ne mæg hió hider ne ðider sígan, Met. 20, 165. Hit hreósan wile, sígan sond æfter réne, 7, 23. Ic sígan lǽte wællregn ufan I will cause to descend destructive rain from above, Cd. Th. 81, 23; Gen. 1349. Gewát se wilda fugel earce sécan, wérig sígan tó handa hálgum rince, 88, 9; Gen. 1462. Sígende preceps, Germ. 399, 460. [Þe kinge sah to grunde (deide, 2nd MS.), Laym. 10255. Scal þi saule siʒen to helle 14589.] Ia. to sink as the sun to its setting :--Heó (the sun) síhþ tó ðam tácne (Aries) óþ ǽfen, Anglia viii. 307, 20. Tungla torhtast tó sete sígeþ, Menol. Fox 221; Men. 112. Ealle stiorran sígaþ æfter sunnan under eorþan grund, Met. 29, 15. Sió æþele gesceaft (the sun) sáh tó setle, Chr. 937; Erl. 112, 17. [The sunne arist anes a dai and eft sigeð, O. E. Homl. ii. 109, 22.] Ib. in a figurative sense :--Ða men ðe sígaþ on ðisses middangeardes lufan óþ ðæt hié áfeallaþ of hiera ryhtwísnessum cadentes a sua rectitudine animas, atque in hujus mundi se delectatione reclinantes, Past. 19, 1; Swt. 143, 16. Mé on sáh unrihtes feala declinaverunt in me iniquitates, Ps. Th. 54, 3. Swá swá wé sigon ǽr on ðæt unáliéfede óþ ðæt wé áfeóllon qui per illicita defluendo cecidimus, Past. 54, 5; Swt. 425, 15. Ðonne áginþ hé sylf sígan oððe áfylþ inclinavit se et cadet, Ps. Th. 9, 30. Forlǽte heteníþa gehwone sígan, Exon. Th. 352, 23; Sch. 101. II. to move towards a point (cf. to make a descent upon a place) :--Fugla cynn on healfa gehwone heápum þringaþ sígaþ sídwegum contrahit in coetum sese genus omne volantum, Exon. Th. 221, 19; Ph. 337. Godwine sáh him ǽfre tówerd Lundenes mid his liþe ðæt hé com tó Súþgeweorce Godwin kept moving towards London with his force until he came to Southwark, Chr. 1052; Erl. 184, 19. Ðæt folc him sáh eall onbútan the people pressed upon him on all sides, Homl. Skt. i. 23, 650. Eall seó burhwaru sáh út ætgædere ongeán ðæs cáseres tócyme the whole town moved out together in the direction of the emperor's approach, 814. Guman sigon ætsomne. Beo. Th. 619; B. 307. Gif ðú ne wilt wirde steóran ac on selfwille sígan lǽtest (cf. gif seó wyrd swá hweorfan mót on yfelra manna gewill, and ðú heore nelt stýran, Bt. 4; Fox 8, 18), Met. 4, 50. Him englas tógeánes heápum cwóman sígan, Exon. Th. 34, 30; Cri. 550. [Engles sihen in to heouene, Jul. 77, 7. Heo siʒen to his hærme, Laym. 8682. Forð heo gunnen siʒen, 29071.] IIa. of the movement of time :--Iunius síhþ tó mancynne . . . Agustus síhþ tó mannum, Anglia viii. 311, 6-17. Solmónaþ sígeþ tó túne, Menol. Fox 32; Men. 16. IIb. figurative :--Sigon tó slǽpe they sank to sleep, Beo. Th. 2506; B. 1251. Hine man þreáge mid teartran steóre ðæt is him síge on swingella wracu (verberum vindicta in eum procedat), R. Ben. 52, 7. [Wið þene sele brudgume þat siheð alle selhðe of from whom proceeds all happiness, H. M. 47, 35.] III. to ooze, run as matter, v. seón :--Gif ðæt brægen út síge if the brain protrude, Lchdm. ii. 22, 19. Lǽt sígan út on sum fæt let it drain out into a vessel, iii. 48, 6. IV. to strain, filter, act as a filter, cf. (?) sígere :--Sígende sond rén swylgþ bibulae arenae, Bt. 12; Fox 36, 12, 16. [O. Sax. sígan to sink (of the. sun); to proceed : O. Frs. síga : O. H. Ger. sígan declinare, ruere : Icel. síga to sink down, slide.] v. á-, ge-, on-sígan; sígend, and seón.
sige, es; m. A fall, setting of the sun :--Sió sunne ðonne hió on sige weorðeþ (cf. Bt. 25; Fox 88, 25), Met. 13, 111. v. niðer-sige.
sige, es; m. Victory, triumph. I. success in war :-- Sige victoria, Wrt. Voc. i. 84, 19. Ic siges mihte eów sille, ðæt gé eów tó gamene feónda áfillaþ, Wulfst. 132, 19. Se cyng áhte siges geweald victory remained with the king, Chr. 1066; Erl. 201, 12. Hí mid mycele sige (triumpho magno) hám fóran, Bd. 1, 12; S. 480, 32. Palm getácnaþ syge, Homl. Th. i. 218, 11. Sige forgifan to grant victory, Bd. 2, 9; S. 511, 36 : Elen. Kmbl. 288; El. 144. Sige syllan, Val. 2, 25. Sige habban to conquer, be victorious, Num. 31, 18. Hæfde sige vincebat, superabat, Ex. 17, 11. Ða Cretense hæfdon ðone grimlecan sige cruentiorem victoriam Cretenses exercuerunt, Ors. 1, 9; Swt. 42, 28. Sige gerǽcan, gesleán, gewinnan to gain the victory, 3, 1; Swt. 96, 33 : Bd. 1, 16; S. 484, 22 : Num. 21, 1. Sige niman, onfón to obtain the victory, Chr. 800; Erl. 60, 9 : 845; Erl. 66, 24 : Bd. l, 16; S. 484, 21. Hié ðæt an missenlícum sigum dreógende wǽron, Ors. 4, 7; Swt. 182, 3. Ðæt hié mec mid heán sigum (cum sublimibus tropheis) geweorðedon, Nar. 24, 24. II. success in conflict :-- Siges triumphi, Hpt. Gl. 447, 76. Mid sigerlícum sige triumphali tropheo, 473, 41 : Hymn. Surt. 44, 27. Sige onsendan to make victorious, Salm. Kmbl. 487; Sal. 244. Heó bád ðone écan sige, Bd. 4, 23; S. 593, 14. Sigas triumphos, Hymn. Surt. 47, 20 : victorias, 129, 24 : trophea, 131, 22. IIa. success in commerce :--Oxan grasiende gesihþ sige ceápas (-es ? or sigeceápas ?) getácnaþ, oxan slápende gesihþ yfelnysse ceápes getácnaþ. Lchdm. iii. 200, 9. [The word occurs often as one of the components of proper names : e. g. see Txts. 512-513. Siʒe (syʒe, siʒen) habben, Laym. 23896 : 17409 : 16199. Siʒe winnenn, Orm. 5461. Sy triumph, Jul. 11, 16. Goth. sigis : O. Sax. sigi : O. H. Ger. sigi, sigu : Icel. sig.] v. weorc-, word-sige, and sigor.
sige-beác[e]n, es; n. I. a sign or monument of victory gained, a trophy :-- Se palm is sigebeácen, Homl. Th. ii. 402, 10. Ðǽr ðæt heofonlíce sigebeácen (trophaeum) árǽred beón sceolde, Bd. 3, 2; S. 524, 35. Æþelinges (Christ) ród, sigebeácen (cf. sige-beám, -bearn) sóð, Elen. Kmbl. 1772; El. 888. Be ðam sigebeácne (the cross), 336; El. 168. Sélest sigebeácna (the cross), 1946; El. 975. Sigebécn, sigbeácn tropea, signa, Txts. 103, 2043. Ðis sigbécn, 124, 2. II. an ensign that is to lead to victory, a banner :-- Mid sigebeácne vexillo, signo, Hpt. Gl. 450, 35. Árǽraþ eówer sigebécn, and onginnaþ eówer gefeoht, Homl. Skt. i. 5, 59. v. sigor-beác[e]n.
sige-beáh; g. -beáges; m. That which encircles the head of the victor, a crown :-- Hé onféng sigebeáh (coronam) éces lífes. Bd. 1, 7; S. 478, 34. Sigbég, Jn. Skt. Lind. 19, 2 : Rtl. l, 15. Sigbéh, 6, 1.
sige-beám, es; m. A tree on which a victory is gained, generally the cross :-- Se sigebeám the cross, Rood Kmbl. 25; Kr. 13 : 251; Kr. 127 : Elen. Kmbl. 1927; El. 965. Be ðam sigebeáme, on ðam þrowode þeóda Waldend, 840; El. 420 : 885; El. 444. Sélest sigebeáma, 2053; El. 1028. Sigebeámas þrý (the three crosses at the crucifixion), 1691; El. 847. v. sige-beácen, -bearn.
sige-bearn, es; n. A victorious child, applied to Christ :--His gást onsende sigebearn Godes, Elen. Kmbl. 959; El. 481 : Exon. Th. 460, 3; Hö. 11. Ðæt sygebearn, 461, 29; Hö. 43. Ealra sigebearna ðæt séleste, 33, 3; Cri. 520.
sige-beorht; adj. Rendered illustrious by victory, triumphant :-- Hié swá sigebeorhte and swá gebégde mid mycelre blisse tó hám fóran, Blickl. Homl. 203, 30. Cf. the proper name Sigebryht, -berht, Chr. 755; Erl. 48, 18 : Txts. 512. v. sigor-beorht.
sige-beorn, es; m. A victorious warrior :-- Ne gefrægn ic æt wera hilde sixtig sigebeorna sél gebǽran . . . Hig fuhton fíf dagas, swá hyra nán ne feól, Fins. Th. 76; Fin. 38. [Cf. Icel. Sig-björn (proper name).]
sige-bíme, an; f. A trumpet which is sounded after victory :-- Sungon sigebýman (after the Israelites had escaped from the Egyptians), Cd. Th. 214, 6; Exod. 565. [Cf. Icel. sigr-lúðr.]
sige-bróðor; m. A victorious brother, used in speaking to St. Andrew of St. Matthew, who was not daunted by his heathen captors, Andr. Kmbl. 366; An. 183.
sige-cempa, an; m. A victorious warrior :--Wæs Dauid æt wíge sóð sigecempa, Ps. C. 50, 10.
sige-cwén, e; f. A victorious queen, applied to Elene, Elen. Kmbl. 519; El. 260 : 1992; El. 998.
sige-déma, an; m. A victorious, triumphant judge, the irresistible judge of the day of judgment :-- Se sigedéma, freá mihtig (Christ) Andr. Kmbl. 1322; An. 661. Ne beóþ ðǽr (at the last judgment) forþ borene sigele tó ðam sigedéman, Wulfst. 254, 1 : Exon. Th. 65, 28; Cri. 1061.
sige-dryhten, es; m. A victorious lord, (1) as a complimentary epithet of an earthly chief :-- Sigedrihten mín, aldor Eást-Dena, Beo. Th. 788; B. 391. Sigedryhten mín (the departed Guthlac), Exon. Th. 184, 24; Gú. 1349. Wit for uncrum sigedryhtne song áhófan, 324, 33; Víd. 104. (2) as an epithet of the Deity :--Þeoda Waldend, sigedryhten mín, Andr. Kmbl. 2905; An. 1455 : Exon. Th. 176, 19; Gú. 1212 : Ps. C. 50, 119. Þeoden engla, sóð sigedrihten, Hy. 6, 34. Ðú eart selfa sigedrihten God, Met. 20, 260. Ðonc secgan sigedryhtne, ðæs ðe hé hine sylfne ús sendan wolde, Exon. Th. 9, 1; Cri. 128 : Andr. Kmbl. 1753; An. 879. Sigedrihten, mihtigne God, Cd. Th. 33, 21; Gen. 523 : 48, 20; Gen. 778. [O. Sax. sigi-drohtin (applied to the Deity).]
sige-eádig; adj. Blessed with victory, victorious :-- Sigeeádig bil, Beo. Th. 3119; B. 1557. [Cf. Icel. sigr-sæll.] v. sigor-eádig.
sige-fæst; adj. With victory secured, victorious, triumphant, (1) applied to persons :--Sigefæst victor, Wrt. Voc. i. 84, 18. Sigfæst triumphator, Rtl. 122, 12. And hé sigefæst swá eft hám férde sicque victor in patriam reversus, Bd. 2, 9; S. 512, 5 : Exon. Th. 460, 26; Hö. 23. Þurh cynincges wísdóm folc wyrð gesǽlig, gesundful and sigefæst, L. I. P. 2; Th. ii. 306, 5. Hé ofslóh mid ðam sigefæstan here eall ðæt mennisc, Jos. 10, 40. Hí sigefæste ofer sǽ férdon, Bd. 1, 12; S. 481, 15. Sigefæste triumphabiles, triumpho plenos, Hpt. Gl. 489. 33. Hý beóþ ðý gesundran and ðý sigefæstran, Exon. Th. 408, 29; Rä. 27, 19. Se sigefæstesta cyning victoriosissimus rex, Bd. 3, 7; S. 529, 16. (2) applied to things :--Sigefest wuldor, Hy. 8, 4. Sigefæstne hám, Menol. Fox 298; Men. 150. Sigefæst tácon victricia signa, Bd. 1, 8; S. 479, 24 : H. R. 105, 21. Sigefæstan gúþfanan victricia, victoriosa, Hpt. Gl. 447, 54. v. sigor-fæst.
sigefæstan; p. te To triumph :-- Sigefeston triumphant, Txts. 182, 77. v. ge-sigefæstan.
sigefæstness, e; f. Victoriousness, triumph :-- Hé wítgode be Cristes sigefæstnesse, ðá ðá hé on heofonas ástáh, Ps. Th. 23, arg. Ðeáh ánra gehwylc wind hæbbe twelf sigefæstnissa, Salm. Kmbl. 152, 3. Sigefæstnissum triumphis, Rtl. 93, 7 : 75, 19. v. sigorfæstness.
sige-folc, es; n. A victorious or triumphant people :-- Heó (Judith) ðæt word ácwæþ tó ðam sigefolce (the Jews who were about to destroy the Assyrians), Judth. Thw. 23, 32; Jud. 152. Ðá wæs þeód on sǽlum, sigefolca swég, Beo. Th. 1292; B. 644 : Menol. Fox 593; Gn. C. 66.
sige-gealdor, es; n. A charm that gives victory :-- Ic mé on ðisse gyrde belúce . . . wið eal ðæt láð ðe intó land fare; sygegealdor ic begale, sigegyrd ic mé wege, Lchdm. i. 388, 14.
sige-gefeoht, es; n. A victorious battle, a victory :-- On sigegefeohtutn ellreordra cynna in victories over foreign races; in expugnandis barbaris, Bd. 3, 3; S. 525, 25.
sige-gird, e; f. A rod that brings victory, v. sige-gealdor.
sige-hrémig; adj. Exultant with victory, triumphant :-- Gesæt sigehrémig on ða swíðran hand éce eádfruma (Christ) ágnum Fæder, Exon. Th. 33, 25; Cri. 531 : Hy. 8, 30.
sige-hréð fame gained by victory :-- Onsǽl sigehréð secgum tell men of the fame you have won (cf. the account of his deeds which Beowulf had given to Hrothgar), Beo. Th. 984; B. 490. Cf. gúþ-hréð.
sige-hréðig; adj. Triumphant, (1) applied to men :--Dómeádig cempa . . . sigehréðig (Guthlac), Exon. Th. 146, 4; Gú. 704. Hig ne wéndon ðæt hé sigehréðig sécean cóme þeóden they did not expect that Beowulf would come triumphant (from his fight with Grendel's mother) and visit Hrothgar, Beo. Th. 3198; B. 1597 : 5505; B. 2756. (2) applied to the Deity :--Se Ælmihtiga . . . gesette sigehréðig sunnan and mónan, 188; B. 94.
sige-hwíl, e; f. A time of victory, the hour of victory :-- Wedra helm feónd gefylde . . . Ðæt ðam þeódne wæs síðes sigehwíl, Beo. Th. 5413; B. 2710.
sigel, sægl, segl; n. (?) The sun; also the name of the rune=S :-- RUNE sǽmannum symble byþ on hihte (cf. Icelandic Runic poem--Sól er landa ljómi), Runic pm. Kmbl. 342, 15; Rún. 16. Woruldcandel scán, sigel súþan fús, Beo. Th. 3936; B. 1966. Wuldres tácen swylce hádre sægl, Andr. Kmbl. 178; An. 89. Hádor sægl gewát under scríðan, 2911; An. 1458. Heáfdes segl the sun of the head, the eye (cf. Icel. enni-máni, -tungl = the eye), 100; An. 50. [Goth. sauil; n. the sun : Icel. sól; f.] v. heáðo-sigel; sigel-beorht, -hearwa, -hweorfa, -torht, -waras.
sigel, sigl; n. (?) A clasp, brooch, jewel :-- Sigl, sigil bulla, Txts. 45, 331 : fibula, 63, 874 : sibba, 97, 1856. Sigl bulla, gemma, Wrt. Voc. ii. 126, 70 : fibula, 148, 57. Sigil bulla, i. 288, 7. Sigel, ii. 11, 34 : fibula, 35, 42. [Cf. O. H. Ger. sigilla; f. lunula. From Latin (?) sigillum.] v. sigle.
sigel-beorht; adj. I. sun-bright, bright with the sun, sunny :-- Wintres dæg sigelbeorhtne genimþ hærfest mid herige hrímes and snáwes winter's day takes captive sunny autumn with its army of frost and snow, Menol. Fox 404; Men. 203. Bringþ sigelbeorhte dagas sumor tó túne, 175; Men. 89. II. bright as the sun :-- Sitt sigelbeorht swegles brytta on heáhsetle ille sedens solio fulget sublimis in alto, Dóm. L. 117. [Icel. sól-bjartr.] Cf. sigel-torht.
sige-leán, es; n. A reward of victory, prize, palm :-- Sigeleán ɫ edleán palma, Hpt. Gl. 482, 5 : 432, 75 : triumphus, palma, 424, 53. Ðæt wé brúcan sigeleáne ut perfruamur bravio, Hymn. Surt. 129, 18. Simon and Thaddeus beornas beadorófe sceoldon þurh wǽpenhete sigeleán sécan, Apstls. Kmbl. 161; Ap. 81. Éce líf, sélust sigeleána, Elen. Kmbl. 1051; El. 527. [Goth. sigis-laun bravium.] v. sigor-leán.
sige-leás; adj. I. without victory, unsuccessful in conflict, defeated :-- Engle nú lange [wǽron] eal sigeleáse the English now for a long time have been deserted by victory, Wulfst. 162, 15. Hý sigeleáse (defeated) ðone grénan wong ofgiefan sceoldan, Exon. Th. 130, 33; Gú. 447 : 141, 6; Gú. 623 : Cd. Th. 20, 20; Gen. 312. Ia. of an expedition, unattended by victory :-- Sigeleásne síð, Exon. Th. 120, 17; Gú. 273. Ib. of a song, that tells of defeat :-- Gehýrdon galan Godes andsacan sigeleásne sang, Beo. Th. 1578; B. 787. [O. H. Ger. sigu-lós.]
sige-leóþ, es; n, A song of triumph :-- Ðá wæs sigeleóþ (cf. Icel. sigr-óp) galen on herefelda, Elen. Kmbl. 248; El. 124. Engla þreátas sigeleóþ sungon (when Guthlac came to Heaven), Exon. Th. 181, 6; Gú. 1289.
Sigel-hearwa (Síl-), an; m. An Ethiopian :-- Se deófol wearþ æteówod swylce ormǽte Sílhearwa, Homl. Th. i. 466, 24. Hé him ætýwde micelne Sigelhearwan, ðæm wæs seó onsýn sweartre ðonne hrúm, Shrn. 120, 24. Twegen blace Sílhearwan, Homl. Th. ii. 496, 17 : Homl. Skt. i. 4, 285. Sigylhearwan (Sielhearwæn, MS. T.) Aethiopes, Ps. Spl. 71, 9. Sigel hearwena (Sýl-, Ps. Spl.) folc, Ps. Surt. 73, 14 : ii. p. 189, 36. Ethiopia, ðæt is ðæra Sílhearwena ríce. Homl. Th. ii. 472, 13 : i. 454, 12. Ðæra Sílhearwena land terra Aethiopiae, Gen. 2, 13. Síllhearewena (Sílhearwena, MSS. R. P.) land. Lchdm. iii. 258, 18. Ðú sealdest Sigelhearwan (-as, MS.) tó móse dedisti in escam populo Aethiopum, Ps. Th. 73, 14. Cf. Sigel-waras.
Sigelhearwen; adj. Ethiopian :-- For his Sigelhearwenan wífe propter uxorem ejus Aethiopissam, Num. 12, 1. Sýlhearwenre, Aethiopica, Hpt. Gl. 514, 49.
sigel-hweorfa, an; m. A plant-name, a word equivalent in meaning to the Greek heliotrope. It is found as the representative of foreign words in the following :--Sigelhweorfa heliotropus, Wrt. Voc. i. 68, 5, 80 : Lchdm. iii. 302, col. 1. Sigelhuerpha eliotropia, id. Sigelhueorua nimphea, 304, col. 1 : solsequia, 305, col. 1. Sigelwearfa. Ðeós wyrt ðe Grécas heliotropus, and Rómáne uertamnum nemnaþ, and eác Angle sigelhweorfa hátaþ, Lchdm. i. 152, 21. Sigilhweorfa eliotropus, 254, 11. In the following no foreign equivalent is given :--Sigelhweorfa, ii. 94, 25 : iii. 24, 4. Nim nioþoweardne sigelhweorfan, 326, 17. See Lchdm. ii. 404, col. 2.
sigel-hweorfe, an; f. A plant name :--Sigelhwerfe solsequium vel heliotropium, Wrt. Voc. i. 30, 30. Eleotropam, Grece; Latine, solsequium, idem sigelhweorfe, ii. 32, 26. Nim sigelhweorfan ða smalan unwæscene, Lchdm. ii. 108, 23. v. preceding word.
sige-líc; adj. Victorious :-- Ða sigelícan victricia, Wrt. Voc. ii. 78, 21 : victoria, 92, 4. v. sigor-líc.
sigel-torht; adj. Bright with sunshine or bright as the sun, cf. sigelbeorht :--Swá wæs ealne dæg óððæt æ-acute;fen com sigeltorht (epithet of æ-acute;fen or of Andrew ?) swungen, Andr. Kmbl. 2493; An. 1248.
Sigel-waras, -ware; pl. The Ethiopians :-- Mannkynn sweartes hiwes . . . ða man háteþ Sílhearwan (Sigilwara, MS. V.), Nar. 38, 30. Hine Sigelwearas (Aethiopes) séceaþ, Ps. Th. 71, 9. Folc Sigelwara populus Aethiopum, 86, 3. Sigelwara land, Cd. Th. 182, 2; Exod. 69. Hé (St. Matthew) gelǽrde Sigelwara mǽgþe, and of Sigelwarum hé flýmde twegan drýas, Shrn. 131, 27 : Apstls. Kmbl. 127; Ap. 64. Cf. Sigelhearwa.
sige-méce, es; m. A victorious sword, a sword wielded by a victor's hand, Exon. Th. 93, 24; Cri. 1531.
Sigen, e; f. The Seine; Sequana :--Andlang Sigene, Chr. 887; Erl. 84, 31. Be Sigene (Signe, MS. A.). 660; Erl. 35, 8 : 897; Erl. 94, 28. [O. H. Ger. Sigana.]
sígend, es; m. Movement of the sea, wave :-- Sígend flustra, i. undae, Wrt. Voc. ii. 35, 62. Flód flustra, sígendum flustris, 33, 33 : 76, 63. v. sígan.
sígere (?), es; m. A glutton :-- Sígiras (siras, Corpus Gl.) lurcones, avidi, Txts. 72, 568. v. sígerian, and cf. (?) sígan, IV.
sige-reáf, es; n. A triumphal robe; toga palmata, Wrt. Voc. i. 41, 4.
sígerian (?) to act as a glutton :-- Sígergendum lurconibus, Wrt. Voc. ii. 76, 34. v. sígere.
sige-ríce; adj. Victorious, triumphant. (1) applied to the Deity :--Witig Drihten . . . sigeríce, Cd. Th. 179, 11; Exod. 27. (2) applied to men, cf. prop. name Sigeríc :--Gif gé (the Israelites) gehealdaþ hálige láre, gé gesittaþ sigeríce beórselas beorna, Cd. Th. 213, 34; Exod. 562. [Ger. sieg-reich.]
sige-róf; adj. Of victorious energy, triumphantly active. (1) applied to a warrior or to a king :--Sigeróf kyning (Hrothgar), Beo. Th. 1243; B. 619 : (Constantine), Elen. Kmbl. 315; El. 158 : 141; El. 70. Wǽron Rómware secgas sigerófe, 93; El. 47 : Judth. Thw. 24, 8; Jud. 177. (2) without reference to battle :--Mín yldra fæder sigeróf sægde, fród fyrnwiota, Elen. Kmbl. 873; El. 437. Sigerófne (St. Andrew), Andr. Kmbl. 2451; An. 1227. Gesǽton sigerófe . . . rǽdþeahtende, Elen. Kmbl. 1732; El. 868. Sigerófra (the saints in glory), Lchdm. i. 390, 4. (3) applied to the Deity :--Éce Dryhten, sigeróf settend, Exon. Th. 188, 17; Az. 47.
sige-sceorp, es; n. Triumphal apparel, Exon. Th. 341, 16; Gn. Ex. 127.
sige-síþ, es; m. A victorious expedition or journey :-- Oft dǽdlata dóme foreldit sigisítha gahuem generally the dilatory man is too late for glory, for every successful undertaking, Txts. 152, 9.
sige-spéd, e; f. Triumphant faculty, ability that gains its ends :-- Ðé God sealde sáwle sigespéd and snyttro cræft God hath given thee effectual power of soul and wisdom's art, Elen. Kmbl. 2341; El. 1172. Ic on ðé oncnáwe wísdómes gewit, sigespéd geseald, Andr. Kmbl. 1291; An. 646. v. sigor-spéd.
sige-tác[e]n, es; n. A sign of victory :-- Ðæt hálige sigetácen (the cross), Blickl. Homl. 97, 13. Hé sigetácen sende misit signa, Ps. Th. 134, 9. v. sigor-tác[e]n, sige-beác[e]n.
sige-þeód, e; f. A victorious people, a powerful people :-- Hyne gesóhton on sigeþeóde hearde hildefrecan, Beo. Th. 4415; B. 2204 : Exon. 473, 23; Bo. 19. Sigeþeóda (the victorious Goths), Met. 1, 4. Secgeaþ his wuldor geond sigeþeóde (inter gentes), Ps. Th. 95, 3.
sige-þreát, es; m. A triumphant band, Exon. Th. 53, 2; Cri. 844.
sige-þúf (?), es; m. A banner that conducts to victory, a victorious banner :-- Stópon secgas and gesíþas, bǽron þúfas (sigeþúfas ?), Judth. Thw. 24, 22; Jud. 201. Cf. sige-beác[e]n.
sige-tiber, es; n. A sacrifice for victory (? cf. Icel. sigr-blót) :--Wolde líge gesyllan his swǽsne sunu tó sigetibre, Cd. Th. 203, 12; Exod. 402. v. sigor-tiber.
sige-torht; adj. Splendid with victory, triumphant :-- Sigetorht árás éce Drihten, Cd. Th. 279, 19; Sat. 240. Cf. sige-beorht.
sige-tudor, es; n. A victorious, triumphant progeny, applied to the human race, Exon. Th. 154, 5; Gú. 838.
sige-wǽpen, es; n. A weapon with which victory is won, Beo. Th. 1612; B. 804.
sige-wang, es; m. A plain where victory is won, a glorious plain. (1) where actual fighting has taken place :--Se mǽsta dǽl ðæs heriges læg on ðam sigewonge, Judth. Thw. 25, 36. (2) where actual fighting is not referred to, a place in which evil is overcome :--Smeolt wæs se sigewang (the place where St. Andrew's heathen enemies had been overwhelmed), Andr. Kmbl. 3160; An. 1583. Smylte is se sigewong (cf. ðæt torhte lond, l. 19, wlitig is se wong eall, 198, 8, the dwelling-place of the Phenix), Exon. Th. 199, 29; Ph. 33 : 146, 23; Gú. 714. Mennisce áras on ðam sigewonge (Guthlac's dwelling-place) helpe gemétton, 157, 18; Gú. 893.
sige-wíf, es; n. Grimm supposes this word may be a general denomination of wise women, D. M. 402; the passage in which it occurs is a charm, where it is addressed to bees when swarming :-- Sittaþ gé, sigewíf, sígaþ tó eorþan, Lchdm. i. 384, 24.
sigle, es; n. A necklace, collar, band for the neck :-- Ne beóþ ðǽr forþ borene sigele ne beágas ne heora heáfodgold, Wulfst. 253, 23. Ðá gemétte heó under hrægele gylden sigele (monile), Bd. 4, 23; S. 595, 5. Háma ætwæg Brósinga mene, sigle and sincfæt, Beo. Th. 2404; B. 1200. In mínum sweoran ic mé gemon beran ða ýdlan byrþenne gyldenra sigla in collo me memini supervacua monitium pondera portare, Bd. 4, 19; S. 589, 27 : Beo. Th. 2318; B. 1157. Hí on beorg dydon bég and siglu . . . hyrsta, 6308; B. 3164. [Icel. sigli a necklace.] v. máðum-sigle; sigel, in-sigle.
sigle, an; f. Rye :-- Siglan dust, Lchdm. ii. 126, 7. [Lat. secale; later segale, sigalum, sigla : cf. Ital. segale : Fr. seigle.]
sigor, es; m. Victory, triumph :-- Mé oferswíðde se wyrresta sigor, Shrn. 37, 24. Sigor eft áhwearf of norþmonna níðgeteóne, æsctír wera, Cd. Th. 124, 24; Gen. 2067. Sigores palmam, Wrt. Voc. ii. 67, 32. Mid sigores wuldre tó heofonum ástígan. Wulfst. 199, 13. Swegles ealdor hyre (Judith) sigores onleáh, Judth. Thw. 23, 16; Jud. 124. Sigere tropheo, Hpt. Gl. 508, 64. Elne gewurðod, dóme and sigore, Cd. Th. 129, 3; Gen. 2138. Hlísfulne sigor, famosum tropheum, Wrt. Voc. ii. 147, 29. Ic sceal his róde sigor (the triumph of Christ's cross) swíðor wíscan ðonne ondrǽdan, Homl. Th. i. 594, 20. Sigor æt sæcce, Elen. Kmbl. 2363; B. 1183. Folc ðe hé on deóflum genom þurh his sylfes sygor, Exon. Th. 36, 24; Cri. 581. Sigera triumphorum, Hpt. Gl. 425, 33. Ðyssum sigorum ðú Godes biscop blissian miht hisque Dei consul factus laetare triumphis, Bd. 2, 1; S. 500, 31. Mid ðǽm siogorum geweorðad triumphans, Nar. 28, 4. ¶The word occurs often in reference to the Deity (cf. in Icel. Sig-föður one of Odin's names, sig-tívar the gods of victory, sigr-goð a god of victory) :--Swegles aldor se ðe sigor seleþ, Cd. Th. 170, 5; Gen. 2808. Ðæt hé sigora gehwæs ána weólde (cf. Hans (Odin's) menn trúðu því, at hann ætti heimilan sigr í hverri orrostu, Ynglinga Saga, c. 2), Exon. Th. 276, 5; Jul. 561. Sigores ágend, ealdor, freá, fruma, God, weard, Cd. Th. 307, 11; Sat. 678 : Hy. 3, 20 : Exon. Th. 25, 21; Cri. 404 : 19, 2; Cri. 294 : Andr. Kmbl. 1519; An. 761 : Exon. Th. 15, 29; Cri. 243. Sigora dryhten, freá, God, sellend, settend, sóðcyning, waldend, weard, Cd. Th. 63, 23; Gen. 1036 : Exon. Th. 242, 18; Ph. 675 : Elen. Kmbl. 2613; El. 1308 : Exon. Th. 359, 17; Pa. 64 : Cd. Th. 237, 5; Dan. 333 : Exon. Th. 75, 29; Cri. 1229 : Cd. Th. 8, 19; Gen. 126 : 106, 13; 1770. Bidde ic sigere (-a ?, -es ?) Godes miltse, Lchdm. i. 390, 10. [Icel. sigr.] v. hréð-, wíg-sigor; sige, and following words.
sigor-beác[e]n, es; n. A symbol of victory, applied to the cross. Elen. Kmbl. 1967; El. 985. v. sige-beác[e]n.
sigor-beorht; adj. Triumphant, epithet of Christ, Exon. Th. 1, 18; Cri. 10. v. sige-beorht.
sigor-cynn, es; n. A triumphant, glorious race, epithet of the Seraphim, Elen. Kmbl. 1506; El. 755.
sigor-eádig; adj. Blessed with victory, victorious, Beo. Th. 2626; B. 1311 : 4693; B. 2352. v. sige-eádig.
sigor-fæst; adj. Victorious, triumphant. (1) as an epithet of the Deity :--Se Sunu (Christ) wæs sigorfæst on ðam síðfate, Rood Kmbl. 297; Kr. 150. God sigorfæst, Exon. Th. 217, 18; Ph. 282. (2) of an angel :--Meahtig Meotudes þegn, sigorfæst, 176, 30; Gú. 1218. (3) of a passion :--Brondhát lufu, sigorfæst in sefan, 160, 3; Gú. 938. v sige-fæst.
sigorfæstness, e; f. Victoriousness :-- Be sigerfestnisse and swíðmódnisse úses Drihtnes mid ðæ-acute;m hé ða hæ-acute;þnan ofercom, Anglia xi. 173, 12. v. sigefæstness.
sigorian, sigerian, sigrian; p. ode To vanquish, triumph over, triumph :-- Ic sigerie (sigerige, sigrige, sigrie) triumpho, Ælfc. Gr. 24; Zup. 137, 5. Ic sigrige be Cristes mádmum, and ic ðíne tintregu ne gefréde, Homl. Th. i. 424, 33. Fullfremed sóðlufu middaneardes sigoraþ ealdor perfecta caritas mundi triumphat principem, Hymn. Surt. 123, 38. Sigerode triumphat, 105, 32. Sigoriende triumphans, 85, 9. Sigriende, Germ. 395, 4. Sigirendes triumphantis, Hpt. Gl. 455, 64. [O. H. Ger. ubarsigirón triumphare : Icel. sigra : Dan. seire.]
sigoriend, sigriend, es; m. A victor :-- Sigriend victor. Hymn. Surt. 38, 7.
sigor-leán, es; n. A reward of victory, prize :-- Dryhten hyre (Judith) geaf sigorleán in swegles wuldre, Judth. Thw. 26, 26; Jud. 345. Sigorleán sécan, Exon. Th. 154, 29; Gú. 850 : 184, 14; Gú. 1344. Sigorleán habban, Elen. Kmbl. 1246; El. 623. Sigorleánum onfón, Cd. Th. 176, 27; Gen. 2918. Tó sigorleánum sellan, Exon. Th. 97, 14; Cri. 1590. v. sige-leán.
sigor-líc; adj. Triumphal :-- Ðæt sigorlíce leóþ carmen triumphale, Wrt. Voc. ii. 23, 48 : Hpt. 438, 16. Mid sigerlícum sige triumphali tropheo (victoria), 473, 40. v. sige-líc.
sigor-spéd, e; f. Abundant success :-- Is help gearu æt mǽrum, manna gehwylcum sigorspéd geseald, Andr. Kmbl. 1817; An. 911. Mé is miht ofer eall, sigorspéd geseald, 2868; An. 1437. v. sige-spéd.
sigor-tác[e]n, es; n. A sign of victory, a convincing sign :-- Godspel bodian, secgan sigortácnum to preach the gospel, tell it with convincing proofs or with marks shewing how it had prevailed, Exon. Th. 169, 3; Gú. 1089. v. sige-tác[e]n.
sigor-tiber, es; n. A sacrifice for victory or deliverance :-- Wes ðú on ófeste . . . ðæt ðú lác onsecge sigortifre hasten to offer with a sacrifice, that may deliver you from your peril, Exon. Th. 257, 30; Jul. 255. v. sige-tiber.
sigor-weorc, es; A victorious work, a victory :-- Sigorworca hréð, Cd. Th. 198, 2; Exod. 316. [Icel. sigr-verk a victory.]
sigor-wuldor, es; n. Triumphant glory, the glory of the victor :-- Háligra sáula gesittaþ in sigorwuldre Dryhtnes dreámas, Exon. Th. 109, 21; Gú. 93.
sigsonte ? a plant name, Lchdm. i. 74, 11 : 102, 24.
-siht, -sihte. v. ge-, in-, út-siht, blód-, út-sihte.
sihþ, e; f. A vision :-- Bóc ðæra sighðana apocalypsis, Jn. Skt. p. 1, 11. Ða sihðo (gisihðe. Rush. ) quae vidissent, Mk. Skt. Lind. 9, 9. v. æt-, ge-sihþ.
sihtre, silcen. v. seohtre, seolucen.
silf, silfren, Síl-hearwa, sillan. v. self, seolfren, Sigel-hearwa, sellan.
Sillende Zealand, Ors. 1, 1; Swt. 19, 20, 23.
sil-líc, silofor. v. seld-líc, seolfor.
siltan; p. te To salt, season :-- Ic sylte condio, Ælfc. Gr. 30; Zup. 192, 13. Selt condit, Wrt. Voc. ii. 135, 55. On ðæm ðe gé hit syltaþ (condistis), Mk. Skt. 9, 50. Selte mon hiora mettas, Lchdm. ii. 234, 14. Láreówum gedafenaþ ðæt hí mid wísdómes sealte geleáffulra manna mód sylton, Homl. Th. ii. 536, 17. ge-, un-silt (-sylt).
síma, an; m. A cord, rope :-- Satan læg símon gesǽled (cf. Icel. sím-bundinn), Cd. Th. 47, 23; Gen. 765. [O. Sax. símo a cord : O. Frs. sím : Icel. síma; n.; cf. also seimr a string : Dan. sime a seton.]
síman; p. de To load, put a burden (seám) on :-- Gé sýmaþ (sémaþ, Lind.) men mid ðám byrþenum . . . and gé ne áhrínaþ ða seámas mid eówrum ánum fingre oneratis homines oneribus . . . et ipsi uno digito uestro non tangitis sarcinas, Lk. Skt. 11, 46. Sýmaþ onerant, Engl. Stud. ix. 40. Hig sýmdon hira assan oneratis asinis, Gen. 44, 13. Sýmaþ eówre assan, 45, 17. v. ge-, ofer-síman (-sýman).
simbel, symbel, simel; adj. Continual, perpetual. [The word occurs only in the adverbial forms simbles, simble, on simbel (cf. on ídel), and the compounds simbel-farende, -geféra; similarly O. H. Ger. simpal for the most part appears in adverbial forms, but Graff vi. 26 gives one instance of its adjective use, simplém assiduis. Icel. simul ever, is preserved in only one or two passages] :--On simbel ever, always, continually :-- Hí hiora freóndscipe forþ on symbel gehealdaþ they continue ever to maintain their friendship, Met. 11, 94. Hió þyrstende wæs on symbel mannes blódes she was continually thirsting for human blood; haec, sanguinem sitiens, inter incessablia homicidia, Ors. 1, 2; Swt. 30, 27. Ðǽr se ríca hyne reste on symbel nihtes where the ruler ever rested at night, Judth. Thw. 22, 2; Jud. 44. v. following words.
simbel-farende; adj. (ptcp.) Always travelling, wandering, roving :-- Ða simbelfarendan Ǽthiopes Aethiopum gentes pervagantes, Ors. 1, 1; Swt. 26, 16. v. next word.
simbel-geféra, an; m. One who continually goes with another, a constant companion :-- Nis hit nó ðæt án ðæt swá eáðe mæg wiðerweard gesceaft wesan ætgædere symbelgeféran, ac hit is sellícre ðæt hiora ǽnig ne mæg bútan óðrum bión it is not only that it is so easy for opposites to be able to be constant companions, but it is more extraordinary that no one can exist without another, Met. 11, 50. v. preceding word.
simble, symble, simle, siemle, semle, symle; adv. Ever, always. I. continually, continuously, without intermission. (1) alone :--Symble mid ðé semper tecum, Ps. Th. 72, 18. Symble fýr oððe gár ever fire or piercing cold, Cd. Th. 20, 29; Gen. 316. Simle diuturne, Wrt. Voc. ii. 139, 23. Hié simle lócigeaþ tó ðære eorþan ad terram semper inclinantur, Past. 21, 3; Swt. 155, 20. Hié wǽron simle healfe æt hám, healfe úte, Chr. 894; Erl. 90, 17. In ðé sáule sóðfæstra simle gerestaþ, Exon. Th. 4, 16; Cri. 53 : Met. 20, 238. Semle, 20, 198. Ic siemle mid ðé beó, Bt. 7, 3; Fox 22, 23. Hé symle Drihtne folgode, Homl. Th. i. 58, 17. Symle wesan on lustum, Cd. Th. 30, 26; Gen. 472. Ne swylteþ hé symle ac him eft cymeþ bót he does not die for ever, does not remain dead, but remedy comes again to him, Exon. Th. 419, 13; Rä. 38, 5. ¶ in clauses with a comparative :--Symle biþ ðý heardra ðe hit sǽstreámas swíðor beátaþ it keeps getting harder the more the waves beat it, Cd. Th. 80, 7; Gen. 1325 : Beo. Th. 5752; B. 2880 : Salm. Kmbl. 485; Sal. 243. (2) with words of similar meaning :--His sóðfæstnyss wunaþ symble éce justitia ejus manet in seculum seculi, Ps. Th. 110, 2. Symble on écnesse in aeternum, 118, 142. Simle singales beclýsed, Exon. Th. 20, 25; Cri. 323. Singallíce simle, Met. 7, 46. Forþ simle, Exon. Th. 23, 30; Cri. 376. Symle áwo tó ealdre, 149, 6; Gú. 757. Á symle, 459, 10; Hy. 4, 114. ¶ with comparative :--Ðé biþ á symble of dæge on dæg drohtaþ strengra, Andr. Kmbl. 2768; An. 1386. II. on every occasion or opportunity, without missing, in unbroken succession :-- Faraþ six dagas simble (without missing a day) ymb ða burh. Jos. 6, 3. Symble biþ gemyndgad morna gehwylce, Beo. Th. 4891; B. 2450. Symble gefégon burhweardes cyme they rejoiced whenever he came, Andr. Kmbl. 1318; An. 659. Ðú simle mǽnst, gif ðé ǽnies willan wana biþ, Bt. 11, 1; Fox 30, 21. Ðæt mód siemle biþ gebunden ðǽr ðissa twega yfela áuðer rícsaþ whenever either of these two evils prevails, the mind is bound, 6; Fox 16, 2. Nǽfre ic ða geþeahte sécan wolde, ac ic symle mec áscéd ðara scylda, Elen. Kmbl. 936; El. 469. Ðæt hé symle oftost God weorþige, Exon. Th. 27, 17; Cri. 432 : 243, 34; Jul. 20. Symle hý Gúðlác fromne fundon, ðonne hý neósan cwóman, 123, 7; Gú. 319 : 205, 6; Ph. 108. ¶ where a series of times is mentioned :--Symble (symle, Exon. Th. 367, 19) ymbe seofon niht every seven days, Soul Kmbl. 19; Seel. 10 : Andr. Kmbl. 313; An. 157. Simle ymb .xii. mónaþ, Chart. Th. 461, 9 : 474, 5 : 475, 3. [O. Sax. simbla, simla : O. H. Ger. simple semper.] v. simbel.
simbles, simles; adv. Ever, always :-- Á ic simles wæs on wega gehwam willan ðínes georn on móde, Andr. Kmbl. 128; An. 64. [O. H. Ger. simles, simples semper.] v. simbel.
simblian, simlian to frequent :-- Symligaþ ɫ oftginiósaþ frequentant, Rtl. 15, 17.
simblunga, simlunga; adv. Always, continually :-- Symlinga jugiter, Rtl. 33, 17. Symlunge continuo, 59, 33. Symlinga continua (-o ?), 17, 5.
simel, simering-wyrt. v. symbel, symering-wyrt.
sín, seón, sién, sýn, e; f. I. power of seeing, sight, vision :-- Smire on ða eágan, sió sýn biþ ðý scearpre, Lchdm. ii. 30, 21. Se hwæl se ðe gársecges grund bihealdeþ sweartan sýne the whale that beholds the depths of ocean with darkened sight, Exon. Th. 427, 20; Rä. 41, 94. Ne wyrt ðæt ða seón it does not injure the sight, Lchdm. ii. 26, 14. Se ðe hire ða siéne onláh, ðæt heó swá wíde wlítan meahte, Cd. Th. 38, 16; Gen. 607. Oft ic sýne ofteáh, áblende beorna unrím, Exon. Th. 270, 21; Jul. 468. Næfde sellícu wiht sýne ne folme, 415, 3; Rä. 33, 5. II. the instrument of sight, the eye :-- Sýne pupillam, Hpt. Gl. 487. 54. [He feide þe sene to þe egen, þe hlust to þe earen, O. E. Hom. ii. 25, 12. Ʒiff þatt tin eʒhe iss unnhal o þe séne, Orm. 9394. Ich (the owl) habbe gode sene, O. and N. 368. Goth. siuns sight : O. Sax. siun sight; eye : Icel. sjón, sýn sight; eye.] v. an-, heáfod-sýn (-sién).
sín; possess, pron. His, her, its, their; suus. This pronoun, which is regularly used in the cognate dialects, rarely occurs in English prose, where its place seems to have been early taken by the genitive of hé, heó, hit. I. referring to a sing. masc. :--Gif hæleþa hwilc eágum módes sínes (cf. his módes, Bt. 34, 8; Fox 146, 3), Met. 21, 38. Him Hróðgár gewát tó hofe sínum, Beo. Th. 2477; B. 1236. Harold hýrde holdlíce hærran sínum, Chr. 1065; Erl. 198, 13. Man æt ðam ágende sínne willan æt gebicge, L. Ethb. 82; Th. i. 24, 4. Esne wið dryhten gebéte síne hýd, L. Wih. 10; Th. i. 38, 22. II. referring to a sing. fem. :--Bær seó brimwylf hringa þengel tó hofe sínum, Beo. Th. 3019; B. 1507. Heáfod on hand ágeaf ludith UNCERTAIN gingran sínre, Judth. Thw. 23, 21; Jud. 132. Ðæt wíf (wíf though neuter is represented by a fem. pron.) ðín heáfod tredeþ mid fótum sínum, Cd. Th. 56, 16; Gen. 913. III. referring to a plural :--Ðec Israéla herigaþ, herran sínne (þínne, MS.), 240, 28; Dan. 393. Gebid sínna sówhula, Txts. 124, 5. Áhealtedon fram stígum sýnum ɫ fram heora paðum claudicaverunt a semitis suis, Ps. Lamb. 17, 46. [Goth. seins : O. Sax. O. Frs. O. H. Ger. sín : Icel. sínn (sinn).]
sin- (sine-, seonu-, v. cpds.). The form does not occur as an independent word; as a prefix it has usually the force ever, everlasting; but in some cases it seems to denote magnitude, e. g. sin-here; cf. O. H. Ger. sin-vluot the deluge. [O. Sax. O. Frs. O. H. Ger. sin- : Icel. sí- (but in the phrase sí ok æ the independent word is found) : cf. Goth. sinteins continual, daily.]
sin-birnende ever burning, continually burning :-- Hit (the fire of Etna) simle biþ sinbyrnende, Met. 8, 52.
sinc, es; n. (used only in poetry) Treasure, gold, silver, jewels :-- Gold geríseþ on guman sweorde, sinc on cwéne, Exon. Th. 341, 17; Gn. Ex. 127. Sinc, gold on grunde, Beo. Th. 5522; B. 2764. Ða ðe seolfres beóþ since gecoste qui probati sunt argento, Ps. 67, 27. Gesáwon ofer since salo hlifian, reced ofer reádum golde, Cd. Th. 145, 9; Gen. 2403. Bereáfodon receda wuldor (the temple) reádan golde, since and seolfre, 219, 25; Dan. 60. Sadol searwum fáh, since gewurþad, Beo. Th. 2081; B. 1038 : 3234; B. 1615. Se wyrm ligeþ since (the hoard which it guarded) bereáfod, 5486; B. 2746. Cyning mec gyrweþ since and seolfre, Exon. Th. 401, 11; Rä. 21, 10. Seah on sync, on sylfor, on searogimmas, 478, 4; Ruin. 36. Tó heánlíc mé þinceþ, ðæt gé mid úrum sceattum tó scype gangon unbefohtene . . . ne sceole gé swá sófte sinc gegangan, Byrht. Th. 133, 33; By. 59. Leóda gód, súðmonna sinc, Cd. Th. 121, 28; Gen. 2017. Hé bebohte bearn Wealdendes on seolfres sinc, 301, 7; Sat. 578. Hé beágas dǽlde, sinc æt symle, Beo. Th. 162; B. 81. Ðone hring hæfde Higelác nýhstan síðe, siððan hé under segne sinc ealgode, Beo. Th. 2413; B. 1204. Ðú ða mádmas Higeláce onsend; mæg ðonne on ðæm golde ongitan, ðonne hé on ðæt sinc stariaþ . . ., 2975; B. 1485. ¶ Sinces brytta, hyrde a dispenser, guardian of treasure, a prince, cf. sinc-gifa, and Sinca baldor . . . Hréðel cyning geaf mé sinc and symbel, 4853; B. 2431. Ðone sélestan sǽcyninga ðara ðe sinc brytnade, 4756; B. 2383 :--Sinces brytta, goldwine gumena (Hrothgar), 2344; B. 1170. Sinces brytta, folces hyrde, 1219; B. 607 : Exon. Th. 288, 3; Wand. 25 : (Holofernes), Judth. Thw. 21, 22; Jud. 30. Sinces brytta, aðelinga helm (Pharaoh), Cd. Th. 111, 18; Gen. 1857. Sinces hyrde, Melchisedec, 126, 27; Gen. 2101. [O. Sax. sink.] v. fæted-sinc.
sincan; p. sanc, pl. suncon; pp. suncen. I. to sink :-- Ðá ingon sincan cum coepisset mergi, Mt. Kmbl. Rush. 14, 30. Hwæðer sincende sǽflód wǽre. Cd. Th. 86, 27; Gen. 1437. II. to act as an aperient :-- Gif ðæt sié ómihte wǽte innan, tyhte hié mon út mid líþum mettum sincendum, and ne lǽt inne gesittan on ðam líchoman, Lchdm. ii. 218, 14. [Goth. siggkwan : O. Sax. sinkan : O. H. Ger. sinchan : Icel. sökkva.] v. á-, be-, ge-sincan.
sin-ceald; adj. Ever-cold :-- Sincalda sǽ, Cd. Th. 207, 25; Exod. 472.
sin-cealdu; indecl. f. Continual cold :-- Ne mæg ðǽr rén ne snáw, ne sunnan hǽtu, ne sincaldu wihte gewyrdan, Exon. Th. 198, 29; Ph. 17.
sinc-fæt, es; n. I. a costly vessel, a vessel of gold or of silver, cf. máðum-fæt :--Hordweard (the dragon) sincfæt (cf. fǽted wǽge, 4553; B. 2282, dryncfæt dýre, 4601; B. 2306) sóhte, Beo. Th. 4589; B. 2300 : B. 2231. Ides sincfato sealde . . . hió Beówulfe medoful ætbær, 1248; B. 622. Forsóc hé ðám syncfatum, beága mænigo, Vald. 1, 28. II. a receptacle for treasure, a casket, cf. hord-fæt :--Hé ætwæg Brósinga mene, sigle and sincfæt. Beo. Th. 2404; B. 1200.
sinc-fág, -fáh; adj. Variegated with costly ornament :-- Ic winde sceal sincfág swelgan, Exon. Th. 395, 29; Rä. 15, 15. Heorot, sincfáge (cf. goldfáh applied to Heorot, 621; B. 308) sel, Beo. Th. 336; B. 167.
sinc-gestreón, es; n. Treasure :-- Hé wolde ofgifan secga seledreám and sincgestreón, beorht beágselu, Andr. Kmbl. 3311; An. 1658. Ic ðé an tela sincgestreóna, Beo. Th. 2456; B. 1226. Hringum þénede, sincgestreónum fæ-acute;ttan goldes, 2189; B. 1093.
sinc-gewǽge, es; n. A weight of treasure, abundance of treasure :-- Oft rinc gebád ðæt hé in sele sǽge sincgewǽge it was a frequent experience to see abundance of treasure in the hall, Exon. Th. 353, 24; Reim. 17.
sinc-gifa, an; m. A treasure-giver, a prince, chief who was expected to be liberal in his gifts. Cf. other compounds of gifa :-- Næs mid Rómwarum sincgeofa sélla (of Boethius), Met. 1. 50. Hý (the disciples) word ne gehyrwdon hyra sincgiefan (Christ), Exon. Th. 29, 9; Cri. 460. On hyra sincgifan (Beowulf), Beo. Th. 4611; B. 2311. Sincgyfán, 2688; B. 1342. Se ðe wát his sincgiefan holdne beheledne hé sceal heán hweorfan he who knows his gracious lord buried shall wander downcast, Exon. Th. 183, 13; Gú. 1326. Hé his sincgyfan (Byrhtnoth) wrec, Byrht. Th. 139, 62; By. 278. Cf. sinc-gim, -þegu.
sinc-gifu, e; f. A gift of treasure, costly gift :-- Ðú golde eart, sincgife sýlla, Andr. Kmbl. 3016; An. 1511.
sinc-gimm, es; m. A precious gem, jewel :-- Fyrdrincas fóron . . . hyrstum gewerede. Ðǽr wæs gesýne sincgim locen, hláfordes gifu, Elen. Kmbl. 528; El. 264.
sinc-hroden; adj. (ptcp.) Treasure-laden, adorned with costly ornaments :-- Ðec biddan hét se ðisne beám ágróf, ðæt ðú sinchroden gemunde . . ., Exon. Th. 473, 11; Bo. 13. Salu sinchroden halls richly adorned, Andr. Kmbl. 3342; An. 1675.
sinc-máðum, es; m. A treasure :-- Næs sincmáððum sélra on sweordes hád there was no greater treasure in the shape of a sword, Beo. Th. 4392; B. 2193.
sinc-stán, es; m. A jewel :-- Gylden máðm, sylofren sincstán (cf. ða gyldenan stánas and ða seolfrenan, Bt. 34, 8; Fox 144, 30), Met. 21, 21.
sinc-þegu(o), e or indecl.; f. Acceptance of treasure the gift of a lord :--Sceal sincþego and sweordgifu eówrum cynne álicgean . . . syððan æðelingas gefricgean eówerne dómleásne dǽd for your kin shall receiving a lord's costly present and gift of sword be no more . . . after men learn your inglorious deed (the desertion of their lord, Beowulf, at his need), Beo. Th. 5760; B. 2884. Gemon hé sincþege he remembers receiving costly presents from his lord, Exon. Th. 288, 21; Wand. 34. Cf. sincgifa, and see other cpds. of þegu.
sinc-weorðung, e; f. A costly decoration, jewel :-- Ic ðé beága lyt, sincweorðunga, syllan meahte, Andr. Kmbl. 543; An. 272 : 953; An. 477. Him Elene forgeaf sincweorðunga, Elen. Kmbl. 2435; El. 1212.
sind, synd, sint, sient, siont, synt, sindon, seondon, siendon, syndon are :-- Hig sind strengran ðonne wé, Num. 13, 32 : Met. 10, 33. Synd, Ps. Th. 21, 26 : Cd. Th. 19, 7; Gen. 287. Sint, Num. 13, 17 : Andr. Kmbl. 696; An. 348 : Elen. Kmbl. 1484; El. 744. Sient (sint, Cott. MSS.), Past. 28; Swt. 197, 4 : Bt. 11, 1; Fox 32, 32 : 16, 3; Fox 54, 18. Siont, Kent. Gl. 232. Synt (synd, MS. A.), Mt. Kmbl. 6, 26, 28 : Cd. Th. 114, 14; Gen. 1904. Sindon, Bt. 42; Fox 256, 10, 14. Sindan, 5, 3; Fox 14, 19 : Met. 20, 149. Seondon, Cd. Th. 271, 12; Sat. 104 : 309, 13; Sat. 709. Seondan (siendon, Cott. MS.), Bt. 3, 4; Fox 6, 24. Siendon (sindon, Cott. MSS.), Past. 6; Swt. 47, 8 : Cd. Th. 235, 4; Dan. 301. Syndun, Ps. Th. 58, 10. v. eom.
sind ( = síð ?) :--Yfla ðara ðe ic gefremede nalæs feám sindon (cf. gylta ðara ðe ic gefreméde nales feám síðum. Elen. Kmbl. 1633; El. 818; also Andr. Kmbl. 1210; An. 605 : Hy. 4, 65), Exon. Th. 263, 24; Jul. 354.
sinder, es; n. : sindra(-e ?), an; m. (f. ?) Dross, impurity of metal :-- Sinder scoria, Wrt. Voc. ii. 120, 4. Sindor caries, putredo lignorum vel ferri, 129, 11. Synder scorium, i. 86, 18. Syndran blæccan scoriae atramento, Hpt. Gl. 421, 59. Nim seolferun syndrun, Lchdm. iii. 112, 24. Ðiss folc is geworden nú mé tó sindrum versa est mihi domus Israel in scoriam, Past. 37, 3; Swt. 267, 17. Seaxes ecg sindrum begrunden (with all impurities ground off), Exon. Th. 408, 3; Rä. 27, 6. [O. H. Ger. sintar scoria, purgamen : Icel. sindr; n. dross.]
sinder-óm rust :-- Sinderóme ferrugine, Wrt. Voc. ii. 35, 35.
sin-dolh a lasting, very great wound :-- Him on eaxle wearð syndolh sweotol, Beo. Th. 1638; B. 817.
sin-dreám, es; m. Everlasting joy, joy of heaven :-- Wuldres áras . . . in sindreáme, Elen. Kmbl. 1478; El. 741. Tó heofonríces gefeán hweorfan móstan and ðǽr siððan á in sindreámum tó wídan feore wunian móstun, Exon. Th. 154, 20; Gú. 811 : 164, 23; Gú. 1016 : 225, 6; Ph. 385.
-síne. v. eág-, ge-, on-, scearp-síne, -sýne.
sineht; adj. Sinewy :-- Mid sinehtum limum gehæfd, Lchdm. ii. 242, 19.
sin-éðe, sine-wealt, sine-wind, v. sin-íðe, seonu-wealt, seonu-wind.
sin-freá, an; m. A perpetual lord, a husband :-- Nǽnig nefne sinfreá none but her wedded lord, Beo. Th. 3873; B. 1934. Cf. sin-híwan.
sin-fulle, an; f. House-leek; sempervivum tectorum :--Sinfulle sempervivum, Wrt. Voc. i. 68, 64; but the word also glosses eptafolium, ii. 106, 83 : 107, 31 : 30, 50 : i. 286, 30 : parulus, 286, 37 : pariulus, ii. 67, 64 : paliurus, 116, 38. Genim ðás wyrte ðe man sempervivum and óðrum naman sinfulle nemneþ, Lchdm. i. 236, 20. Genim sinfullan, ii. 190, 2. Nim ða miclan sinfullan, 240, 8. See Lchdm. iii. 305, col. 1 : ii. 405, col. 1.
sin-gal; adj. I. referring to things of the next life, everlasting, perpetual :-- Dreám ys singal canor est jugis, Hymn. Surt. 58, 4. On ðam heofenlícum éðele is singal leóht, Lchdm. iii. 240, 12 : Homl. Th. i. 238, 5 : Rood Kmbl. 280; Kr. 141. Ðǽr (in hell) is á singal sorh, Wulfst. 26, 8. II. referring to things of time, continual, constant, without intermission :-- Swá singal gebiórscipe quasi juge convivium, Kent. Gl. 521. Hine gedreht singal slǽpleást. Homl. Th. i. 86, 16. Singal oferdrenc, ii. 592, 6. Ðis is singal sacu, Elen. Kmbl. 1808; El. 906. Singal gesíþ a constant companion, Exon. Th. 257, 4; Jul. 242. Se singala ege ne lǽt nǽnne mon gesǽligne beón continuus timor non sinit esse felicem, Bt. 11, 2; Fox 34, 28 : 12; Fox 36, 28. Mid ðæm singalum geþohte ab hac cogitatione continua, Past. 11, 7; Swt. 72, 6. Geleáfan singalum fides jugis, Hymn. Surt. 44, 39. Mid singalre éstfulnysse sedula devotione, 88, 15. Singalre assidua, Hpt. Gl. 407, 65. Men habbaþ singalne andan betwuh him, Bt. 39, 3; Fox 214, 33. Mid singalum bénum sedulis questibus, Hymn. Surt. 127, 14. Mid singalum gebedum orationibus adsiduis, Bd. 4, 28; S. 606, 29. IIa. of the regular succession of time, daily (cf. Goth. sinteins daily (bread)) :--Syle ús hláf úserne ðone singalan, Exon. Th. 469, 4; Hy. 5, 8. Singal tído diurna tempora, Rtl. 164, 36. IIb. of an unbroken series, in succession, continuous :-- Þurh syx singal geár per sex continuos annos, Bd. 4, 23; S. 595, 17 : 5, 9; S. 623, 27. III. of long continuance, lasting :-- Wæs seó éhtnys[se] singalre (diuturnior) eallum ðám ǽrgedónum, 1, 6; S. 476, 24. v. following words.
singale, singala; adv. Ever, continually, constantly :-- Singale olim, Wrt. Voc. ii. 115, 48. Ðeáh hine se wind . . . swence, and hine singale (seó singale ? cf. seó singale gémen, Bt. 12; Fox 36, 28) gémen gǽle, Met. 7, 50. Singala, Beo. Th. 382; B. 190. v. next word.
singales; adv. Ever, continually :-- Ic singales wæg módceare micle, Beo. Th. 3559; B. 1777 : Exon. Th. 115, 15; Gú. 190. Simle singales, 20, 25; Cri. 323 : 24, 31; Cri. 393. Syngales, Beo. Th. 2274; B. 1135.
singal-flówende; adj. (ptcpl.) Continually flowing :-- Singalflówende eá fluvius, Wrt. Voc. i. 54, 18.
singallíce; adv. Perpetually, continually, constantly :-- Hieremias wilnode singallíce (sedulo) hine geþiédan tó ðære lufan his Scippendes, Past. 7, 1; Swt. 49, 16 : Blickl. Homl. 101, 27. Wé him gyldaþ singallíce, and hý ús hýnaþ dæghwamlíce, Wulfst. 163, 10. Swíðe singallíce beswícþ monna mód, Bt. 18, 1; Fox 60, 20. Hí (Cherubim) singallíce singaþ 'they continually do cry,' Elen. Kmbl. 1490; El. 747. Syle drincan singallíce nigon dagas, Lchdm. i. 230, 22. Hine æ-acute;ghwonan God singallíce simle gehealdeþ, Met. 7, 46 : Bt. 12; Fox 36, 27. [O. H. Ger. sincalíhho jugiter.]
singalness, e; f. Constancy, perseverance, assiduity :-- Ánrǽdnys ɫ singalnys perseverantia, assiduitas, Hpt. Gl. 434, 18.
singal-ryne, es; m. A continual running of water :--Singalrenes ɫ swift[renes] decursus, Hpt. Gl. 418, 51.
singan; p. sang, song, pl. sungon; pp. sungen To sing. I. used absolutely; (1) of persons, (a) to sing, recite, relate musically or in verse :-- Singan modulare, singe modulabor, Wrt. Voc. ii. 57, 2, 3. Ic Gode singe gaudebo Deo, Ps. Th. 74, 8. Ic Drihtne singe cantabo Domino, 103, 31. Hwæt is ðis folc ðe ðus hlúde singeþ ? Blickl. Homl. 149, 30. Ðǽr habbaþ englas eádigne dreám, sanctas singaþ, Cd. Th. 286, 20; Sat. 355. Scop hwílum sang on Heorote, Beo. Th. 997; B. 496. Singende heáp chorus, Wrt. Voc. i. 28, 27. Hé geseah Matheus ǽnne sitton singende, Blickl. Homl. 237, 23. (b) to compose verse, narrate :-- On ðé ic singge in te decantatio mea, Ps. Th. 70, 5. Song hé be middangeardes gesceape and be fruman moncynnes, Bd. 4, 24; S. 598, 9; Exon. Th. 44, 33; Cri. 712. Be ðam Moyses sang, Elen. Kmbl. 674; El. 337. Swá se wítega sang, Menol. Fox 119; Men. 59. Wítgan sungon be Godes bearne, Elen. Kmbl. 1119; El. 561. (2) of other living creatures :--Se fugel singeþ, Exon. Th. 206, 9; Ph. 124 : Salm. Kmbl. 539; Sal. 269. Fugelas singaþ, gylleþ grǽghama, Fins. Th. 9; Fin. 5. Se hana sóna hlúdswége sang immediately the cock crew, Homl. Th. ii. 248, 33 : Shrn. 30, 29. Sang se wanna fugel, Cd. Th. 119, 22; Gen. 1983. Mǽw singende, Exon. Th. 307, 11; Seef. 22. (3) of inanimate resonant objects :--Ic þurh múþ sprece, wrencum singe, Exon. Th. 390, 15; Rä. 9, 2. Wiht is wrætlíc, singeþ þurh sídan, 483, 13; Rä. 69, 2. Se hearpere gedéþ, ðæt hearpan strengas náwuht ungelíce ðæm sone ne singaþ ðe hé wilnaþ, Past. 23; Swt. 175, 8. In ðæm dæge singaþ ða býman, Wulfst. 183, 10. Syngaþ, L. E. I. prm.; Th. ii. 396, 8. Hringíren scír song in searwum, Beo. Th. 651; B. 323. Ic seah sellíc þing singan, Exon. Th. 413, 10; Rä. 32, 3. II. with a cognate accusative, or followed by the words used or by a clause; (1) of persons (a) to sing a song, recite a poem, prayer, formula, etc., read aloud :--Wé singaþ on his lof: 'Hǽl ús on ðǽm héhstan,' Blickl. Homl. 81, 27. Heáhgealdor ðæt snotre men singaþ a charm that wise men recite, Ps. Th. 57, 4. Hí singaþ Metude lof, Exon. Th. 239, 7; Ph. 617. Ðegnas singaþ, ðæt ðú sié hlǽfdige, 18, 14; Cri. 283. Ða lióþ ðe ic song, Bt. 2; Fox 4, 7. Heó 'Magnificaþ' sang, Blickl. Homl. 159, 1. Crist sylf sang Pater Noster ǽrest, L. C. E. 22; Th. i. 372, 26. Engla þreátas sigeleóþ sungon, Exon. Th. 181, 6; Gú. 1289. 'Sing mé hwæthwegu.' Ðá andswarede hé : 'Ne con ic nán þing singan,' Bd. 4, 24; S. 597, 12. Sing ðás gebedsealmas, Lchdm. iii. 12, 6. Singan sangas cantare canticum, Ps. Th. 136, 4. Ðá ongan hé singan ða fers and ða word ðe hé nǽfre ne gehýrde, Bd. 4, 24; S. 597, 17. Leóþ singan dicere carmen, 597, 31. Cwide singan, Salm. Kmbl. 171; Sal. 85. Singan Pater Noster, 333; Sal. 166. Hé wæs ymen singende, Blickl. Homl. 147, 3. On ðære hálgan cyricean biþ sungen ðæt hálige gerýne, 77, 15. Wæs se wítedóm beforan sungen, Elen. Kmbl. 2306; El. 1154. (b) to narrate in verse, write :-- Se scop sang, ðæt má manna fægnodon . . ., Bt. 30, tit.; Fox xvi. 4. Sealmsceopas sungon and sægdon, ðæt se wolde cuman, Blickl. Homl. 105, 10. For hwam wolde gé secgan oððe singan, ðæt ic gesǽllíc mon wǽre, Met. 2, 17. (2) of other living creatures :--Earn sang hildeleóþ, Judth. Thw. 24, 28; Jud. 211. Wulfas sungon ǽfenleóþ, Cd. Th. 188, 7; Exod. 164. (3) of inanimate things :--Seó byrne sang gryreleóþa sum, Byrht. Th. 140, 7; By. 284. Horn song fúslíc leóþ, Beo. Th. 2851; B. 1423. Ealle hearpan strengas hé grét mid ánre honda, ðý ðe hé wile ðæt hí ánne song singen, Past. 23; Swt. 175, 9. III. where the subject of the song is the object of the verb, to sing about, recite or compose a poem about something :--Ic ðíne strengðu singe, Ps. Th. 58, 16. Ic mildheortnesse and dóm Drihtnes singe and secge, 100, 1. Cwæþ hé : 'Hwæt sceal ic singan ?' Cwæþ hé : 'Sing mé frumsceaft,' Bd. 4, 24; S. 597, 16. [Goth. siggwan to sing, read aloud : O. Sax. singan : O. Frs. singa : O. H. Ger. singan canere, cantare, decantare, psallere, modulari, edere, jubilare : Icel. syngva (-ja) to sing; to ring (of metals, etc.), whistle (of the wind).] v. á-, be-, ge-singan.
-singe, -singend. v. ge-singe, æfter-, fore-, mid-singend.
singend-líc; adj. That may be sung :-- Singendlíce cantabiles, Ps. Spl. 118, 54.
sin-gréne, an; f. A plant name (lit. ever-green), sin-green (sen-, sim-), house-leek; sempervivum tectorum : see E. D. S. Pub. Plant Names, s. v. sen-green (sin-, sim-), and Lchdm. ii. 405, col. 1. Besides sempervivum the word glosses several other names :--Singréne titemallos, Wrt. Voc. i. 68, 33 : temolus ɫ titemallos, Lchdm. iii. 305, col. 1. Syngréne. Ðeós wyrt ðe man temolum and óðrum naman singréne nemneþ, i. 152, 12. Singréne colatidis, iii. 301, col. 2 : Wrt. Voc. i. 69, 4. Nim singrénan, Lchdm. ii. 56, 22. Ða smalan singrénan, 54, 2. [Iovis barba jubarbe, singrene. Rel. Ant. i. 37, col. 2. Howsleke or sengrene barba Jovis, semperviva, Prompt. Parv. 251, where see note. Ger. sin-grün and Dan. sin-grøn is periwinkle. Cf. Icel. sí-grænn; adj. evergreen.]
sin-grim; adj. Ever-fierce, of unceasing fierceness :-- Sace singrimme, Exon. Th. 256, 11; Jul. 230.
sin-here; gen. -her(i)ges; m. An immense army :-- Besæt sinherge sweorda láfe he besieged the fugitives with an immense army, Beo. Th. 5864; B. 2936.
sin-hígscipe. v. sin-híwscipe.
sin-híwan, -hígan; pl. Members of a family united by the lasting bond of marriage, a married pair :-- Sinhíwan (Adam and Eve), Cd. Th. 48, 19; Gen. 778 : 49, 9; Gen. 789 : Exon. Th. 153, 9; Gú. 823. Hyra somwist sinhíwan (body and soul) gedǽlden, 160, 10; Gú. 941 : 284, 17; Jul. 698. [O. Sax. sin-híwun (-iun) : O. Frs. sin-hígen, sinnane, senne : O. H. Ger. sin-híun conjuges.] v. ge-sinhíwan, and following words.
sin-híwian to marry :--Ne sinígaþ (synnígaþ, Rush.) neque nubunt, Lk. Skt. Lind. 20, 35. v. ge-sinígan.
sin-híwscipe, es; m. The lasting family relation of marriage :-- God sinhígscipas gesamnaþ mid clǽnlícre lufe conjugii sacrum castis nectit amoribus. Bt. 21; Fox 74, 38. v. ge-sinígscipe, and cf. sin-scipe.
sin-hweorfende, -hwurfende ever-turning, round :-- Sintredende (-trendende ?) ɫ sinhwurfende teretes, rotundos, Hpt. Gl. 408, 73. v. next word, and cf. seonu-wealt.
sin-hwurfol, -hwyrfel; adj. Round, cylindrical :-- Sinuurbul, sinuulfur, siunhuurful (sinu- ?) teres, Txts. 104, 1047. Ðonne is swíðe mycel cyrice getimbred, and is sinhwyrfel on wilewísan geworht (cf. under seonu-wealt passage from Shrn. 80, 37), Blickl. Homl. 125, 21. [Cf. O. H. Ger. sin-, sina-[h]werbal teres, rotundus : Icel. sí-valr.]
sin-íðe, -éðe; adj. Very gentle :-- Mid sinéðre ondóunge wyrtdrences þurh horn oððe pípan sió wamb biþ tó clǽnsianne, Lchdm. ii. 260, 11.
sinnan; p. sann, pl. sunnon; pp. sunnen; with gen. To care for, mind, heed :-- Ne ic mé eorþwelan ówiht sinne, ne mé mid móde micles gyrne, Exon. Th. 121, 18; Gú. 290. Hé wæs swungen sárslegum . . . hrá weorces ne sann (the body cared not for pain), Andr. Kmbl. 2556; An. 1279. Hié fægerra (-o, MS.) lyt for ædelinge idesa (-e, MS.) sunnun ac hié Sarran swíðor micle wynsumne wlite heredon they (Pharaoh's nobles) heeded little fair women before the prince, but much more did they praise the winsome beauty of Sarah, Cd. Th. 111, 10; Gen. 1853. [Cf. Icel. sinna (wk.) to care for, mind, give heed to.]
sin-niht, e and es (v. niht); f. Continual night, perpetual darkness :-- Ða ðe in þeóstrum sǽton sinneahtes those who sat in the shades of perpetual darkness, Exon. Th. 8, 13; Cri. 117. Hám sweart sinnehte (hell), Exon. Th. 142, 26; Gú. 650. Hý ábídan sceolon in sinnehte, 99, 29; Cri. 1632. Sinnihte, 94, 20; Cri. 1543 : Cd. Th. 3, 27; Gen. 42 : Salm. Kmbl. 138; Sal. 68. Grendel sinnihte heóld mistige móras, Beo. Th. 325; B. 161 : (of the darkness of chaos), Cd. Th. 7, 20; Gen. 109. Synnihte, 8, 2; Gen. 118. [Cf. O. Sax. sin-nahti the darkness of hell.]
sin-niþ, es; m. Continued enmity or trouble, Exon. Th. 354, 27; Reim. 52.
sinoþ, sino-walt. v. seonoþ, seonu-wealt.
sin-rǽden[n], e; f. A perpetual, lasting condition, wedlock :-- On óðre wísan sint tó manienne ða ðe mid synnrǽdenne bióþ gebundene aliter admonendi sunt conjugiis obligati, Past. 51, 1; Swt. 393, 22. Ða ðe beóþ gebundne mid synrǽdenne conjugati, Swt. 393, 21. Cf. sin-híwan, -híwscipe, -scipe.
sinscipe, es; m. Marriage, wedlock :-- Sinscipe conjungium vel matrimonium, Wrt. Voc. i. 72, 11. Senscipe consortium, matrimonium, Hpt. Gl. 469, 44 : jugalitas, 416, 25 : 417, 5. Ðrý hádas . . . mæigðhád, wudewan hád, and riht sinscype, Homl. Th. i. 148, 7. Sinscipe, 604, 30. Mé nú ne lyst nánes synscipes ac ðæs Hǽlendes geþeódnysse mid gehealdenre clénnisse, Homl. Skt. i. 4, 37. Heó wunode twelf geár on ðæs cynincges synscype, 20, 16. Hú miht ðú ðam Ælmihtigan his brýde beniman and ðínum sinscipe geþeódan, Homl. Th. ii. 476, 33. Ða ðe on sinscipe wuniaþ married people, i. 448, 2. Ða ðe beóþ mid sinscipe (syn-, Hatt. MS.) gebundene conjugati, Past. 23; Swt. 176, 21. Gif hwá on swilcum mánfullum sinscipe (conjugio) þurhwunaþ, L. M. I. P. 20; Th. ii. 270, 20. Tó senscipum ad commercia, connubia, Hpt. Gl. 490, 54. Gesamnaþ sinscipas, clǽnelíce lufe conjugii sacrum castis nectit amoribus, Met. 11, 91. v. ge-, on-sinscipe, and preceding word.
sin-snǽd, e; f. A huge bit :-- Grendel slǽpendne rinc slát . . . synsnǽdum swealh (swallowed by huge bits, or by bits that followed each other continuously ?), Beo. Th. 1490; B. 743.
sin-sorh(g), e; f. Continual trouble :-- Habban breostceare, sinsorgna gedreag, Exon. Th. 444, 10; Kl. 45.
sin-þyrstende ever thirsting :-- Alexander tóécan ðæm ðe hé hiénende wæs ǽgðer ge his folc ge óðerra cyninga hé wæs sinþyrstende monnes blódes Alexander humani sanguinis insaturabilis, sive hostium sive etiam sociorum, recentem tamen semper sitiebat cruorem, Ors. 3, 9; Swt. 130, 31.
sin-tredende. v. sin-hweorfende.
sin-trendel, -tryndel; adj. Round, circular, or globular :-- Dó hyt syntrændel (sinetrundæl, MS. V., sinetrum del, MS. H.) make a ball of it, Lchdm. i. 106, 17. Sintryndel lytel scyld ancile, Wrt. Voc. i. 35, 58. v. next word, and cf. sin-hwurfol, seonu-wealt.
sin-trendende (?) ever-turning, round :-- Sintredende (-trendende ?) teretes, rotundos, Hpt. Gl. 408, 73. v. preceding word.
sinu, sin-wealt. v. seonu, seonu-wealt.
sin-wrǽnness, e; f. Continual wantonness :-- Synwrǽnnys vel gálscipe saturiasis; Wrt. Voc. i. 19, 51.
sio-, sió-. See generally seo-, seó-.
sió (be), siodo, siofa, siofoþa, sioleða, siolf, siota. v. sí, sidu, sefa, sifeþa, seolh-ýða, self, set.
sipian, Siras(-e), síras. v. sypian, Syras, sígere.
siru; gen. sirwe; f. An artifice, a snare, wile, crafty device; as a military term, an ambush :-- Gif hwá gewealdes ofsleá his ðone néhstan þurh syrwa (with guile, Exod. 21, 14), L. Alf. 13; Th. i. 48, 1, note. Sette syrwa pone insidias, Jos. 8, 2. v. searu, sirwe.
siru-tún (?) a place for an ambush, lurking-place :-- Syretum (-tún?) latibulum, Wrt. Voc. ii. 54, 27. v. preceding word.
siru-wrenc, es; m. An artifice, crafty trick, wile :-- Hí ymbsǽton Cantwareburuh and hí in tó cóman þuruh syruwrencas (syre-, MS. E.), Chr. 1011; Erl. 145, 29. v. searu-wrenc.
sirwan, sirwian, sirewan; p. sirwde, sirwede, sirede, sirewede, sirwode. I. in a good sense, to plan, devise, use art in doing something :--Hé (the Creator) serede and sette eorþan dǽlas, Cd. Th. 265, 29; Sat. 15. II. in a bad sense, (1) trans. To plan, contrive, devise, plot, attempt with craft :-- Hí ne sǽtincge ne gestrodu wið Angelþeóde syrwaþ nil contra gentem Anglorum insidiarum moliuntur aut fraudium, Bd. 5, 23; S. 646, 37. Syrwiaþ concinnant (iniquitatem), Blickl. Gl. Ðám ðe mé syrwedan yfel qui quaerunt mala mihi, Ps. Th. 70, 12. Hí fácen geswipere syredan astute cogitaverunt consilium, 82, 3 : Andr. Kmbl. 1220; An. 610. Beó serewede moliretur, machinaretur, Hpt. Gl. 487, 23. (2) with a clause :--Hé angan sierwan hú hé hiene beswícan mehte. Ors. 1, 12; Swt. 52, 3. (3) without a case (a) in the following glosses :--Syrwaþ moliuntur, Wrt. Voc. ii. 54, 30. Serwede machinaretur, Hpt. Gl. 509, 73. Serwedon machinabantur, 520, 4. Serewedan, 506, 5. Seredon concinnabant, Wrt. Voc. ii. 20, 26. Seruuende convenientes, 105, 26. Syrwende, 15, 28. (b) to lie in wait, plot :-- Hé syrwþ (Ps. Lamb. syrwaþ) swá swá leó insidiatur quasi leo, Ps. Spl. second 9, 10. Se ðe nánþing ne syrwde qui non est insidiatus, Ex. 21, 13. Syrede, Beo. Th. 324; B. 161. Se syrwienda deóful. Wulfst. 107, 22. (c) with prep, to lie in wait for, plot against :--Ðú syrwst ongeán hyre hó, Gen. 3, 15. Deófol syrwþ ymbe Godes gelaðunge, Homl. Th. i. 240, 1. Mé manige ymb mægene syrewaþ, Ps. Th. 54, 18. Ða syrwde Herodias ymbe hine Herodias insidiabatur illi, Mk. Skt. 6, 19 : Homl. Th. i. 82, 20. Ða ðe ymbe ðæs cildes feorh syrwdon those who sought the child's life, 88, 18 : ii. 112, 33. Ða ðe emb his feorh syredon quos in necem suam conspirasse didicerat, Bd. 2, 9; S. 512, 4. Mé seredon ymb secgas monige, hú heó mé deáþes cwealm hrefnan mihten, Cd. Th. 296, 6; Sat. 498. Gif hwá ymb cyninges feorh sierwie (syrwie, MSS. B. H.), L. Alf. pol. 4; Th. i. 62, 15. Seó næddre wolde syrwan ongeán hire hó, Boutr. Scrd. 20, 12. v. be-, ge-sirwan (-serian, -syrewian, -syrian, -syrwan).
sirwe, an; f. An artifice, device, plot, wile :-- Syrwan (serwan) insidiae, Ælfc. Gr. 13; Zup. 84, 14. v. siru.
sirwung, e; f. Plotting, machination, contrivance :-- Beó áídlod Amanes sirwung ongeán ðám Judéiscum, Homl. As. 101, 308. Be hláfordes syrwunge. Gif hwá embe cynincg oððe hláford syrwie of plotting against a lord. If any man plot against king or lord, L. C. S. 58; Th. i. 408, 1. Gif hwá ofsleá his ðone néhstan þurh syrwunge (with guile, Exod. 21, 14), L. Alf. 13; Th. i. 48, 1, note. Hé cýdde his fácenfulle syrewunge, Homl. Th. i. 82, 18. Mid syrewungum hé becom tó ðære cynelícan geþincþe, 80, 34. God heóld hine wið ðæs deófles syrwungum, ii. 454, 3. Serewungum machinamentis, Hpt. Gl. 478, 54. Syrwunga insidias, Hymn. Surt. 47, 26. Samson heora syrwunga undergeat, Jud. 16, 3. v. searwung.
sise-mús a dormouse :-- Sisemús glis, Wrt. Voc. i. 22, 56 : 78, 22. [O. H. Ger. sise-, zise-mús : cf. (?) sise-sang carmen lugubre, sisegomo pelicanus.]
síþ, es; m. I. going, journeying, travel :-- Síþes ámyrred hindered from going, Cd. Th. 24, 16; Gen. 378. Síþes wérig weary of swimming, Beo. Th. 1162; B. 579. Síþes sǽne slow in travelling, Apstls. Kmbl. 67; Ap. 34. Ne æt hám ne on síþe ne on ǽnigre stówe neither at home, nor when travelling, nor in any place, L. I. P. 9; Th. ii. 314, 33 : Exon. Th. 339, 34; Gn. Ex. 104. Se ðe of síþe cwom feorran geféred, Salm. Kmbl. 356; Sal. 177. Ia. going from this world :--Is nú fús ðider gǽst síþes georn, Exon. Th. 164, 27; Gú. 1018. Ic eom síþes fús, 166, 30; Gú. 1050 : 212, 10; Ph. 208. Líf biþ on síþe, 213, 6; Ph. 220 : 328, 32; Vy. 26. Beó ðú on síþ gearu, 172, 24; Gú. 1148. II. a journey, voyage, course, expedition :-- Síþ wæs gedǽled the course of the Israelites and Egyptians was no longer a common one, Cd. Th. 190, 31; Exod. 207. Lust leófes síþes (the journey out of Egypt), 180, 31; Exod. 53 : Andr. Kmbl. 2084; An. 1043. Cwén siþes (her voyage to Palestine) gefeah, Elen. Kmbl. 494; El. 247. Ne lǽt ðú ðec síþes getwǽfan, láde gelettan, lifgendne mon ongin mere sécan, Exon. Th. 474, 2; Bo. 23. Nó wǽgflotan wind síþes getwǽfde, sǽgenga fór forþ ofer ýþe, Beo. Th. 3820; B. 1908. Flówan mót ýþ ofer eal lond, ne wile heó áwa ðæs síþes geswícan, Salm. Kmbl. 647; Sal. 323. Hú myccle scipbrocu hé gebád on ðæm síþe ðe hé (St. Paul) wæs ðyder rǽpling gelǽded, Blickl. Homl. 173, 7. Ǽghwelc mon ðe on ðæm síþe wǽre every man that was on the expedition, L. Alf. pol. 29; Th. i. 80, 8 : Ps. Th. 76, 2 : Andr. Kmbl. 1590; An. 796 : Exon. Th. 451, 13; Dóm. 103. Ne gǽle gé mínne síþ, nú míne fét gongaþ on heofenlícne weg, Blickl. Homl. 191, 21. Waldend sende here on langne síþ, Cd. Th. 5, 8; Gen. 68. Hét mé on ðysne síþ faran, 32, 7; Gen. 499. Heó on síþ gewát wésten sécan, 136, 29; Gen. 2265. Hí tugon longne síþ in hearmra hond, Exon. Th. 228, 19; Ph. 440. Gif ðú hafast mid ðé wulfes hrycghǽr on síþfæte, bútan fyrhtu ðú ðone síþ gefremest, ac se wulf sorgiaþ ymbe his síþ, Lchdm. i. 360, 22. Gegán sorhfulne síþ, Beo. Th. 2560; B. 1278. Síþ ásettan, Elen. Kmbl. 1990; El. 997. Hwílum ús earfoþlíce gesǽleþ on sǽwe ðéh wé síþ nesan frécne geféran at times we have hard hap at sea, though we come safe from and perform our dangerous voyage, Andr. Kmbl. 1030; An. 515. Ðære sunnan síþ behealdan, Exon. Th. 203, 27; Ph. 90. Hwylce Sǽ-Geátas síþas wǽron : 'Hú lomp eów on láde ?' Beo. Th. 3977; B. 1986. Síþa rest rest from journeys, Cd. Th. 86, 8; Gen. 1427. Wíde síþas, 55, 36; Gen. 905 : 276, 16; Sat. 189. IIa. the journey of the spirit from this world, cf. forþ-síþ :--Ne mæg mon foryldan ðone deóran síþ, Salm. Kmbl. 723; Sal. 361. Mín dohtor is on ýtemestum síþe (in extremis), Mk. Skt. 5, 23. III. coming, arrival :-- Hió rícsode on ðæm íglonde ðe Aulixes com tó líþan; cúð wæs sóna æðelinges síþ, Met. 26, 62 : Andr. Kmbl. 88; An. 44. Geseah Iohannes sigebearn cuman tó helle, ongeat Godes sylfes síþ, Exon. Th. 462, 15; Hö. 52 : Beo. Th. 1007; B. 501 : 3946; B. 1971. Sorgian for his síþe, Cd. Th. 49, 30; Gen. 800. IV. a proceeding, course of action, way of doing, conduct :-- Hí deófle offredon, swá him ǽfre se síþ hreówan mihte, Homl. Skt. i. 23, 64 : Beo. Th. 6109; B. 3058. Hé hafaþ mec bereáfod rihta gehwylces; nis ðæt fæger síþ, Elen. Kmbl. 1819; El. 911. Ne biþ swylc earges síþ such is not a coward's way, Beo. Th. 5076; B. 2541 : 5058; B. 2532 : 5166; B. 2586. Ic ne mæg ðínra worda ne wísna wuht oncnáwan síþes ne sagona I cannot understand aught of thy words or of thy ways, of thy proceeding or of thy sayings, Cd. Th. 34, 9; Gen. 535. Ne can ic Abeles fóre, hleómǽges síþ, 61, 34; Gen. 1007. Nú ðú seolfa miht síþ úserne (our course of action, as described in the command of Christ given in the preceding lines, or our journey, cf. faraþ l. 663, fóre, 673) gehýran, Andr. Kmbl. 680; An. 340. [Þat te schal bireowe þat sið, þat tu eauer dides te into swuch þeowdom, H. M. 9, 2. A nyð ðat weldeþ al his sið, Gen. and Ex. 274.] V. denoting that which occurs to a person, how a person fares, the course of events in the case of a person, lot, condition, fate, experience :-- Secgan hwelc siððan wearþ herewulfa síþ to say what happened afterwards to the war-wolves, Cd. Th. 121, 25; Gen. 2015. Hú ðæs gǽstes síþ æfter swyltcwale geseted wurde how it might be appointed that the spirit should fare after the death-pang, Andr. Kmbl. 310; An. 155. Tó hwon ðínre sáwle síþ (þing, Vercel.) wurde what the lot of thy soul would come to be, Exon. Th. 368, 11; Seel. 20. Ðæt wæs hreówlíc síþ eallre ðissere þeóde, ðæt hé swá raðe his líf geendade, Chr. 1057; Erl. 192, 20. Wá heom ðæs síðes ðe hí men wurdon alas for them that it was their lot to be born men, Wulfst. 27, 3. Hú lange wilt ðú bewépan Saules síþ, ðonne ic hine áwearp, ðæt hé leng ne ríxige ? Homl. Th. ii. 64, 4 : Cd. Th. 49, 14; Gen. 792. Wé ðé gecýðaþ síþ úserne we will tell thee what happened to us (the incidents are then related), Andr. Kmbl. 1719; An. 862. [Iob minegede alle his wrecche siðes (all the miseries he had experienced), O. E. Homl. ii. 169, 9. Mi muchel unseli sið (unselhðe, Bod. MS.), Jul. 46, 8.] VI. a path, way :-- Brim, sǽmanna síþ, Cd. Th. 208, 4; Exod. 478. Hié tó helle sculon on ðone sweartan síþ (cf. the account of Hermóðr going to Hell : Hann reið dökkva dala ok diúpa), 45, 27; Gen. 733. Dóþ hys síþas (semitas) rihte, Mt. Kmbl. 3, 3 : Mk. Skt. I. 3. VII. a time (cf. colloquial go, and Dan. gang), (1) with ordinals :--Eft óðre síþe hé férde iterum secundo abiit, Mt. Kmbl. 26, 42 : Gen. 27, 36. Ðæt deófol hine genam þriddan síþe, Blickl. Homl. 27, 16. (2) with cardinals :--Se hét forbærnan ealle Rómeburh on ǽnne síþ (all at once), Bt. 16, 4; Fox 58, 4. Oftor ðonne on ǽnne síþ oftener than once, Beo. Th. 3163; B. 1579. On þrý síþas drince let him drink it at three times, Lchdm. i. 352, 13. Ǽne síþa (síþe, MS. C.) once, Bd. 4, 5; S. 572, 44. Hig férdon seofon síþon embe þa buruh, Jos. 6, 15 : Gen. 33, 3 : Lk. Skt. 17, 4. (2 a) used in multiplying numbers :--Feówer síþon seofon beóþ eahta and twentig &c., Anglia viii. 302, 47 sqq. Cweþ .xii. síþum twélf, 298, 22. Endleofan síþon hund þúsenda . . . eahtatýne sýþum hundteóntig þúsenda, Blickl. Homl. 79, 19, 22. (2 b) marking degree :--Heó hæfde seofon síþum beorhtran sáule, 147, 16. [Spenser uses sithe in the sense of time. Goth. sinþ[s] time : O. Sax. síð; m. way, journey; a time : O. H. Ger. sind; m. iter, trames; vicis : Icel. sinn; n. (in adverbial phrases) a time; Dan. sind (in numeral forms, e. g. tre-sinds-tyve three times twenty, sixty).] v. bealu-, cear-, earfoþ-, eft-, ellor-, forþ-, from-, gryre-, hám-, heonan-, hin-, lagu-, láþ-, neó-, oft-, sǽ-, sige-, spild-, un-, unrǽd-, út-, wíd-, wíg-, wil-, wræc-síþ; sind; manig-síþes; ge-síþ.
[síþ]; cpve. síþra; spve. síþest, síþ[e]mest; adj. Late :-- Biþ seó síþre tíd sǽda gehwylces mǽtræ in mægne, Exon. Th. 104, 31; Gú. 16. Se síþemesta dóm (síþemesða demm, Hatt. MS.) extrema damnatio, Past. 2; Swt. 30, 21. Sardanopolus wæs se síþmesta cyning ðe on ðæm londe rícsade novissimus apud Assyrios regnavit Sardanapalus, Ors. 1, 12; Swt. 50, 29. Ðæt ǽreste . . . ðæt síþmeste ríce primum . . . novissimum regnum, 2, 1; Swt. 60, 5. Him lásta wearþ síþast gesýne the last trace of them was seen, Exon. Th. 270, 34; Jul. 475. Ðæt ðæm þeódne wæs síþas[t] sigehwíl (his last hour of victory), Beo. Th. 5413; B. 2710. On ðæm ǽrestan and on ðæm síþmestan (onwealdum), Ors. 2, 5; Swt. 86, 17. Síþmestan, 6, 1; Swt. 254, 1. Gesæt tó symble síþestan (síd-, MS.) dæge cyning, Cd. Th. 259, 34; Dan. 701. Mæssige man swá fela mæssan . . . and æt ðare síþmæstan dó man absolutionem, L. P. M. 3; Th. ii. 288, 10. ¶ In the adverbial phrase æt síþestan, síþ[e]mestan at last, in the end :-- Gif hé æt síþestan (síþmestan, MS. H.) sié gefongen, L. In. 18; Th. i. 114, 7; Beo. Th. 6018; B. 3013; Cd. Th. 217, 31; Dan. 31. Æt síþemestan novissime, Mt. Kmbl. 22, 27. [Icel. síðari; cpve. later; síðastr; spve. last.] v. next word.
síþ. I. adv. (1) Late, after some time :-- Síþ sero, Wrt. Voc. ii. 88, 22. Him ðá síþ oncwæþ, sóna ne meahte oroþ up geteón, Exon. Th. 163, 19; Gú. 996. Síþ and late, Judth. Thw. 25, 24; Jud. 275. Tó síþ Exon. Th. 96, 3; Cri. 1568. ¶ In phrases with æ-acute;r (cf. O. Sax. ni síð noh ér : O. H. Ger. ér enti síd : Icel. ár ok síð, síð ok snemma) :--Æ-acute;r and síþ early and late, always, Beo. Th. 4993; B. 2500. Síþ and æ-acute;r, Cd. Th. 177, 24; Gen. 2934 : Exon. Th. 38, 5; Cri. 602. Æ-acute;r oððe síþ, æ-acute;fre ever, at any time, 56, 1; Cri. 894 : 65, 12; Cri. 1053 : 471, 28; Rä. 61, 8. Míne gyltas ðe ic síþ oððe æ-acute;r æ-acute;fre gefremode, L. de Cf. 11; Th. ii. 264, 24 : Elen. Kmbl. 1947; Elen. 975. Sýþ oððe æ-acute;r, Menol. Fox 398; Men. 200. Ne síþ ne æ-acute;r never, Elen. Kmbl. 480; El. 240. Ne æ-acute;r ne síþ, 1140; El. 572. Sume æ-acute;r, sume síþ, Exon. Th. 154, 25; Gú. 848. Hé síþor fór on leófes lást, Cd. Th. 199, 10; Exod. 336. (2) later, afterwards; postmodum :--Æ-acute;rest hí sculon ongietan ðæt hí fleón ðæt ðæt hí lufiaþ ðonne mágon hí síþ iéðelíce ongietan ðæt ðæt is tó lufianne ðæt hí æ-acute;r flugon prius videant fugienda, quae amant, et sine difficultate postmodum cognoscant amanda esse, quae fugiunt, Past. 58, 1; Swt. 441, 14. II. prep. cf. siððan, After :-- Síþ ðam after that, Exon. Th. 110, 14; Gú. 107. III. conj. After :-- Síþ heora tuuege dæg ágán sié. Cod. Dip. Kmbl. ii. 47, 2. [Goth. seithu sero; ni thanaseiths no longer : O. Sax. síð; cpve. síðor : O. H. Ger. síd (adv., prep, with dat., conj.); cpve. sídor : Ger. seit : Icel. síð; cpve. síðarr; spve. síðast.]
síþ-berend, es; m. A scythe-bearer, a mower :-- Síþberend vel mǽþre falcarius i. falciferens, Wrt. Voc. ii. 146, 80.
síþ-bóc; f. An itinerary :-- Síþbóc itinerarium, Hpt. Gl. 454, 19.
síþ-boda, an; m. One who announces that a journey or march is to begin, applied to the pillar of cloud, Cd. Th. 193, 21; Exod. 250.
síþ-boren late-born :-- Of ðǽm síþborenum de post fetantes, Ps. Surt. 77, 70 : Wrt. Voc. ii. 138, 84.
síþ-dagas; pl. Latter days, later times :-- On síþdagum ácenned born in the latter days, Elen. Kmbl. 1274; El. 639. Cf. ǽr-dagas.
síþe (from sigþe), es; m. A scythe, implement for mowing :-- Sigdi, síþe falcis, Txts. 62, 430. Síþe, Wrt. Voc. ii. 35, 1 : falx, 38, 51 : i. 34, 64 : falcastrum, 16, 16 : 85, 3 : ii. 33, 74. Befeóll án síþe of ðam snǽde intó ánum deópan seáþe, Homl. Th. ii. 162, 10. Hé sceal habban . . . síþe, Anglia ix. 263, 5. [Icel. sigðr; m. : sigd (in Norway) a sickle.]
síþ-fær, es; n. A way, journey :-- Wið sýðfære juxta iter, Ps. Spl. 139, 6.
síþ-fæt, es; in sing. generally masc., in pl. neut. I. a journey, expedition :-- 'Se síþfæt is ðyder tó lang, and ðone weg ic ne con.' Drihten him tó cwæþ : 'Andreas ic ðínne síþfæt gestaþelode,' Blickl. Homl. 231, 26-8 : Andr. Kmbl. 840; An. 420 : Elen. Kmbl. 458; El. 229. Ðæt gewin ðæs síþfætes labor itineris, Bd. 1, 23; S. 486, 1. Ðone intingan his síþfætes itineris sui causam, 4, 1; S. 563, 24 : Andr. Kmbl. 407; An. 204. Síþfates, Elen. Kmbl. 439; El. 220. Ðæt folc wearþ þrít mid ðam síþfæte taedere coepit populum itineris, Num. 21, 4. Ðú mé hafast on ðissum síþfæte sibbe gecýðed, Andr. Kmbl. 715; An. 358. Hé byþ on sýþfæte and gysthúses beþearf, L. E. I. 32; Th. ii. 430, 25. Ðý ongunnenan síþfate, Bd. 5, 19; S. 641, 2 : Kent. Gl. 307 : Cd. Th. 211, 4; Exod. 521 : Judth. Thw. 26, 19; Jud. 336. Ðonne hwá síþfæt onginnan wille, ðonne genime hé ðás wyrte artemisiam, and hæbbe mid him, ðonne ne ongyt hé ná mycel tó geswynce ðæs síþes, Lchdm. i. 102, 4. Ðone síþfæt him ceorlas lythwón lógon, Beo. Th. 406; B. 202 : Exon. Th. 274, 3; Jul. 527. Ongan síþfæt (his journey or (?) his fate, cf. síþ, V) seófian, wyrd wánian, 274, 22; Jul. 537. II. a path, course, way, road :-- Weg via, síþfæt iter, Wrt. Voc. i. 53, 59. Rihtes síþfætes directi callis, ii. 140, 55. Síþfæte tramite, Hpt. Gl. 513, 26. Sunnan síþfæt the sun's path, Cd. Th. 182, 25; Exod. 81. Ealne gódne síþfet omnem semitam bonam, Kent. Gl. 20. Ðá oncierde ðæt scip on wónne síðfæt the ship took a wrong course, Shrn. 60, 8. Síþfatu calles, 27. Síþfata semitas, vias, Hpt. Gl. 457, 9. Ðá forléton wé ða frécnan wegas and síþfato, Nar. 17, 13. III. fig. a way, path, course :-- Síþfæt árleásra losaþ iter impiorum peribit, Ps. Spl. 1, 7. Gerece mé on síþfæte (semita) rihtum, 26, 17. Gesundfull (gesundne, Ps. Th. 67, 20) síþfæt dó ús, 67, 21. Síþfæt sægde ðe hé mid wilddeórum áteáh told of his life with the wild beasts, Cd. Th. 256, 31; Dan. 649. Nú ðú ædre const síþfæt mínne. Ic sceal sárigferþ hweorfan . . . now thou shalt speedily know my course. Mournful must I wander . . ., Exon. Th. 184, 30; Gú. 1352. Hine geheald óþ ðæt hé his síþfæt secge ealne from orde (the devil is then made to give an account of his proceedings), 259, 20; Jul. 285 : 261, 20; Jul. 318. Síþfatu semitas, Ps. Spl. 24, 4. IV. course of time (?) :--Ðá wæs æfter síþfate ðæt mægen on him weóx in course of time it came to pass that strength grew in him, Guthl. 2; Gdwin. 12, 25.
síþ-from; adj. Good at travelling, bold in journeying :-- Síþfrome, searwum gearwe, wígend (Beowulf and his men when ready for their homeward voyage), Beo. Th. 3630; B. 1813 : Andr. Kmbl. 493; An. 247. Land Perséa sóhton síþfrome Simon and Thaddeus, Apstls. Kmbl. 153; Ap. 77 : Andr. Kmbl. 1281; An. 641 : Exon. Th. 157, 17; Gú. 893.
síþ-geómor; adj. Sad and weary with travel :-- Ic ðysne sang síþgeómor fand, on seócum sefan samnode wíde, hú ða æþelingas ellen cýðdon, Apstls. Kmbl. 2; Ap. 1.
síðian; p. ode To journey, go, travel :-- Hwider síðast ðú bútan ðínum bearne ? Homl. Th. i. 416, 33. Ðæ-acute;r ic síðade juxta iter, Ps. Th. 139, 5. Hé ðider síðode. Homl. Th. ii. 516, 6. Sum undercyning hine bæd ðæt hé hám mid him síðode, i. 128, 6. Ðá ðá se Hæ-acute;lend síðode, sum man him cwæþ tó : 'Ic wille síðian mid ðé and ðé folgian,' Homl. Skt. i. 16, 154. Næ-acute;nig wæs ðæt hé eft síðade hyhta leás, Exon. Th. 157, 24; Gú. 896. Þurh ðé Freá on ðás eorþan út síðade, 21, 4; Cri. 329. Hig intó helle cuce síðodon descenderunt vivi in infernum, Num. 16, 33. Hig síðodon ealle tó Egipta lande, Ælfc. T. Grn. 5, 3. Síðedon, Cd. Th. 121, 13; Gen. 2009. Hine cneówmæ-acute;gas mid síðedon, 104, 13; Gen. 1734. Ðæt ic hláfordleás hám síðie, wende fram wíge, Byrht. Th. 139, 9; By. 251. Ðæ-acute;r gé síðien, Cd. Th. 195, 6; Exod. 272. Síðien and færen comitentur, Wrt. Voc. ii. 22, 14. For ðé sceal æ-acute;lc flæ-acute;sc forþ síðian ad te omnis caro veniet, Ps. Th. 64, 2. Ðá com eorl síðian on Egypte, Cd. Th. 110, 27; Gen. 1844. Gewát him hám síðian, 130, 18; Gen. 2161. Héht hine twegen men mid síðian, 173, 28; Gen. 2868. Samed síðian, Exon. Th. 434, 17; Rä. 52, 2. Up siðian, Hy. 3, 56. Síðigean, Andr. Kmbl. 1657; An. 831. Ic eom engel Godes ufan síðende, Exon. Th. 258, 7; Jul. 261. ¶ of the spirit's journey to another world :--Æfter deáþe somod síðiaþ sáwla mid líce, 237, 2; Ph. 584. Scolde se ellorgást on feónda geweald feor síðian, Beo. Th. 1621; B. 808. Ðæt mín sáwul tó ðé síðian móte, Byrht. Th. 136, 65. [O. E. Homl. siðian : Laym. siðen : O. Sax. síðón : O. H. Ger. sindón : Icel. sinna.] v. for-, gemid-, mid-, wræc-síðian.
síþ-lǽdness, e; f. A leading or taking away :-- Síþlǽdnisse abductione, Ps. Surt. ii. p. 195, 39. Cf. onwegálǽdness.
síþlíce; adv. Late (?), after some time, at last, in the end, lately :-- Eft ðá siððan óðre twegen swearte hremmas síþlíce cómon and his hú tǽron mid heardum bile again afterwards two other black ravens came after some time, and tore his house with hard bill, Homl. Th. ii. 144, 21. Næs Petrus gewunod tó nánre wǽpnunge ac ðǽr wǽron twá swurd síþlíce gebrohte Peter was not accustomed to arms, but two swords had lately (?) been brought there, 248, 4.
síþ-stap[p]el a track, footstep :-- Ðæt ne sýn ástyrode síþstapla míne ɫ wegas ɫ fótswaþu ut non moueantur uestigia mea, Ps. Lamb. 16, 5. v. under-stapplian.
síþ[þ], e; f. Travel, journey :-- Bǽm wæs on síþþe hæbbendes hyht to both when journeying was the possessor's joy, Exon. Th. 481, 12; Rä. 65, 2. v. gesíþ[þ].
siðða; adv. Afterwards :-- Ðonne meaht ðú siðða sóðes leóhtes habban ðínne dæ-acute;l, Bt. Met. Fox 24, 59. v. next word.
siððan, siððon, syððan, seoððan. [From síþ ðam; cf. Ger. seitdem.] I. adv. Afterwards, since :-- Gé faraþ siððan postea transibitis, Gen. 18, 5. Siððon, Exon. Th. 131, 33; Gú. 465. Sioððan, Elen. Kmbl. 2292; El. 1147. Syððan (exinde) ongan se Hæ-acute;lend bodian, Mt. Kmbl. 4, 17. Ðá ongan hyne syððan hingrian postea esuriit, 4, 2. Hé biþ ðonne seoððan ðæ-acute;m englum gelíc, Blickl. Homl. 49, 7. Siððon, 59, 7. Ða ðe seoððan after Cristes cyme wæ-acute;ron tó Gode gecyrrede, 81, 15. Ðá æfter ðisse dæ-acute;de his noma wæs á seoððan mæ-acute;re geworden, 219, 4. Á syððan ðenden wunaþ húsa sélest, Beo. Th. 571; B. 283. Siððan á, Andr. Kmbl. 2387; An. 1195 : 2757; An. 1381. Seoððan á, Cd. Th. 289, 16; Sat. 398. Siððan æ-acute;fre, Elen. Kmbl. 1012; El. 507. Hí sunnan ne geseóþ syððan æ-acute;fre, Ps. Th. 57, 7. Á forþ sioððan, Ps. C. 103. Hraðe seoððan, Beo. Th. 3879; B. 1937. Næ-acute;nig efenlíc ðam æ-acute;r ne siððan, Exon. Th. 3, 21; Cri. 39. II. conj. (1) where the tense of the verb in the clause introduced by siððan is past, in the other clause present, since :-- Ðé is ungelíc wlite, siððdan ðú læ-acute;stes míne láre, Cd. Th. 38, 28; Gen. 613 : Exon. Th. 44, 13; Cri. 702. Wé ælþeódige wæ-acute;ron, siððon se æ-acute;resta ealdor Godes bebodu ábræc we have been exiles, since Adam broke God's commands, Blickl. Homl. 23, 4. Hú lang tíd is, syððan him ðis gebyrede ? Mk. Skt. 9, 21. Ðeós syððan ic ineode ne geswác ðæt heó míne fét ne cyste, Lk. Skt. 7, 45. Manige geár syndon ágán nú seoððan úre bisceopas tó mé gewreoto sende, Blickl. Homl. 187, 3. (2) where the tense is the same in each clause, after :-- Ðonne biþ his wela for náuht, siððan hí ongitaþ . . ., Bt. 27, 3; 100, 2. Ðú scealt Isaac onsecgan, siððan ðú gestígest dúne, Cd. Th. 172, 32; Gen. 2853 : 174, 22; Gen. 2882. Him eorla mód ortrýwe wearþ, siððan hié gesáwon fyrd Faraonis, 187, 22; Exod. 155. Wæ-acute;ron Adames dagas, siððan (postquam) hé gestrínde Seth, Gen. 5, 4. Syððan, 18, 12. Syððan Iohannes geseald wæs, com se Hæ-acute;land, Mk. Skt. 1, 14. Hwæt biþ hit búton flæ-acute;sc, seoððan se écea dæ-acute;l of biþ ? Blickl. Homl. iii. 31 : Cd. Th. 309, 7; Sat. 706. [Later forms are sithenes, which gives modern since, sin, still used in dialects, and sithe, sith, which latter is common in Elizabethan writers.]
síþ-weg, es; m. A road to travel on, high-road (?) :--Hé gehǽlde hygegeómre ðe hine gesóhtun of síðwegum (síd- ? v. síd-weg) he (Guthlac, who lived in the wilderness) healed the sad in heart that from the travelled ways sought him, Exon. Th. 155, 13; Gú. 859.
síþ-weorod, es; n. A band out on an expedition :-- Ne meahton síþwerod gúþe spówan, Cd. Th. 127, 22; Gen. 2114.
síþ-wíf, es; n. A noble lady :-- On sumes síþwífes (gódes wifes, 2nd MS.) húse in domum inclytae matronae, Nar. 49, 9. v. gesíþ-wíf.
sittan; p. sæt, pl. sǽton; pp. seten. I. to sit, be seated :-- Ðú sitst on ðam heán setle, Ps. Th. 9, 4. Sitest, Hy. 8, 30. Ðú ðe sittest ofer cherubin, Ps. Th. 79, 2. On ðam ðe ofer ðæt [þrymsetl] sitt. Mt. Kmbl. 23, 22. God sitt ofer setle his, Ps. Spl. 46, 8. Ðe sit on his cynesetle, Ex. 11, 5. Siteþ, Cd. Th. 17, 16; Gen. 260. Se ðe sitteþ ofer cherubim, Ps. Spl. 98, 1. Hé on bolcan sæt, Andr. Kmbl. 610; An. 305. Weard on wicge sæt, Beo. Th. 578; B. 286. Hé æt fótum sæt freán Scyldinga, 1004; B. 500. Maria sæt be Hǽlendes fótum, Blickl. Homl. 73, 30. Wé on geflitum sǽton we sat engaged in discussions, Salm. Kmbl. 862; Sal. 430. Hié æt swǽsendum sǽton, Cd. Th. 1688; Gen. 2779. Hæleþ in sǽton, Andr. Kmbl. 724; An. 362. Site nú tó symle, Beo. Th. 982; B. 489. Geseah twegen englas sittan, ánne æt ðam heáfdon, óðerne æt ðam fótum, Jn. Skt. 20, 12. Sittan ofer ða eorþan, Mk. Skt. 8, 6. Sittan on scridwǽne, Bt. 27, 1; Fox 96, 1. Tó sittanne on míne swíðran healfe, Mt. Kmbl. 20, 23. Sittende, Lk. Skt. 22, 69. Uppan assan folan sittende, Jn. Skt. 12, 15. Sittendum wífe under geléd, Lchdm. i. 266, 6. Ia. with reflexive dative :--Ða him sǽton sundor on portum, Ps. Th. 68, 12. Sǽton him æt wíne, Cd. Th. 259, 23; Dan. 696. Ib. of kneeling :--Hié for ðam cumble on cneówum sǽton, 227, 2; Dan. 180. Ic. applied to the position of a bird at rest :--Ic (picus) glado sitte, Exon. Th. 406, 26; Rä. 25, 7. Hé (the phenix) siteþ síþes fús, 212, 10; Ph. 208. Néfuglas under beorhhleoþum sittaþ, Cd. Th. 130, 14; Gen. 2159. II. to stay, dwell, sojourn, abide, reside, remain in a place, (a) of persons :--Wé in carcerne sittaþ sorgende, Exon. Th. 2, 28; Cri. 26. Ða ðe on þ ýstrum sittaþ, Lk. Skt. l, 79. Ealle ða ðe sittaþ ofer eorþan ansýne, 21, 35. Unc módige ymb mearce sittaþ dwell on our borders, Cd. Th. 114, 21; Gen. 1907. On ðam setle ðe hé ðǽr sæt during the stay he made there, Chr. 922; Erl. 108, 22. Inne on ðæm fæstenne sǽton feáwa cirlisce men a few common men were living in the fort, 893; Erl. 88, 33. Wé on ðam gódan ríce sǽton, Cd. Th. 27, 1; Gen. 411. Hæleþ lágon, on swaþe sǽton (were left behind dead), 125, 10; Gen. 2077. Gang tó ciricean and site ðǽr and stille wuna and geseoh ðæt ðú fit ðanon ne gonge ǽr seó ádl from ðé gewiten sý ingredere ecclesiam & ibi reside, quietus manens; vide ne exeas inde, nec de loco movearis, donec hora recessionis febris transierit, Bd. 3, 12; S. 537, 9. Sitte gé on ceastre óþ gé sýn ufene gescrýdde, Lk. Skt. 24, 49. Se ðe sitte uncwydd on his are on lífe, L. Eth. iii. 14; Th. i. 298, 9. (a 1) referring to warlike or hostile operations, as in to sit down before a place (cf. siege), to encamp :-- Ðú sǽte ongeán ðínne brð-þor (cf. Icel. sitja á svikum við einn to plot against one), Ps. Th. 49, 21. Hé him æfter rád óþ ðæt geweorc and ðǽr sæt . xiiii. niht, Chr. 878; Erl. 80, 15. (Often in the Chronicle. ) (b) of things :-- Sió hefige eorþe sit ðaelig-acute;er niþere be ðæs cyninges gebode, Bt. 39, 13; Fox 234, 13. Flód mycel on sæt there was a great flood in the river. Bd. 3, 24; S. 556, 35. II a. to continue in a state or condition, live (in hope, fear, etc. ), remain (silent, etc. ) :-- Ic á on wénum sæt I lived in constant expectation. Cd. Th. 163, 18; Gen. 2700. Mǽre þeóden unblíðe sæt, Beo. Th. 261; B. 130. Sæt secg monig sorgum gebunden, weán on wénan, Exon. Th. 378, 30; Deór. 24. Sitte ǽlc wuduwe werleás twelf mónaþ, L. C. S. 74; Th. i. 416, 6. III. with the idea of oppression (cf. colloquial to sit on a person, Icel. sitja á sér to restrain one's self), to sit or bear heavy on, weigh, press, rest :-- Ne mé wiht an siteþ egesan áwiht ǽniges mannes nou timebo quid faciat mihi homo, Ps. Th. 55, 9. Seó hefige byrþen siteþ on ðæm deádan líchoman ðære byrgenne the heavy burden of the tomb presses on the dead body, Blickl. Homl. 75, 7: Lchdm. iii. 110, 23, 26. On eów scyld siteþ, Exon. Th. 131, 2; Gú. 449. Ús Godes yrre hetelíce on sit. Wulfst. 162, 2. Ða yrmþa ðe ús on sittaþ, 157, 5- Swá sæt seó byrþen synna on ðissum cynne, Blickl. Homl. 75, 9. For ðæm earfoþum ðe him on sǽton for the miseries that sat heavy on them, Met. 26, 97. Sitte sió scyld on him, L. Alf. 17; Th. i. 48, 15. Æ-acute;r ðon ðe him se egesa onufan sǽte, Judth. Thw. 25, 10; Jud. 252. IV. to sit in authority, preside :-- Ðæt mód ðe ofer ðæm flǽsce sitt mens carni praesidens, Past. 36, 7; Swt. 256, 3. V. trans. To occupy a seat :-- Sæt hé ðæt biscopsetl .xxxvii. wintra, Bd. 5, 23; S. 646, 9. [Goth. sitan: O. Sax. sittian: O. Frs. sitta: O. H. Ger. sizzan: Icel. sitja.] v. á-, æt-, be-, eft-, for-, fore-, ge-, of-, ofer-, on-, tó-, under-, ymb-sittan; and next word.
-sittende -sitting, -occupying, -inhabiting, v. benc-, burh-, flet-, hám-, heal-, in-, land-, þrym-, ymb-sittende.
siwen-íge, -ége; adj. Blear-eyed :-- Se biþ siweníge (-igge, Cot. MSS. ) se ðe his andgit biþ tó ðon beorhte scínende ðæt hé mæge ongietan sóðfæstnesse, gif hit ðonne áþístriaþ ða flǽsclícan weorc. On ðæs siwen-ígean (-iggean, Cott. MSS. ) eágum beóþ ða æpplas hále . . . Se biþ eallinga siweníge (-igge, Cott. MSS. ) ðonne his mód and his andgit ðæt gecynd áscirpþ and hé hit ðonne self gescint mid his ungewunan lippus vero est, cujus quidem ingenium ad cognitionem veritatis emicat, sed tamen carnalia opera obscurant. In lippis quippe oculis papillae sanae sunt . . . Lippus itaque est, cujus sensum natura exacuit, sed conversations pravitas confundit, Past. 11. 4; Swt. 67, 24-69, 9. Siwenége lippos, Germ. 396, 284.
six, siex, syx six. I. as adj. indecl. : -- Wirc six dagas, Ex. 20, 9. On six dagum God geworhte ealle þing, 20, 11. Æfter six (sex, Lind., Rush. ) dagum, Mt. Kmbl. 17, I- Betweox ðara sex fífa ǽlcum, Lchdm. ii. 148, 2. Sex bis terna, Wrt. Voc. ii. 12, 10. On siex dagum, Exon. Th. 105, 13; Gú. 22. Da siex stafas sweotule bécnaþ, 407, 4; Ra. 25, 10. Syx (sex, Lind., Rush. ) dagon ǽr, Jn. Skt. 12, 1. 1a. in multiplication :-- Ceorles wergild is . cc. sciɫ ɫ. Ðegnes wergild is syx swá micel, L. M. L.; Th. i. 190, 3. ' II. as subst. declined :-- Ða hyra syxe wǽron ácwealde, Shrn. 111, 10. On ðam mynstre wǽron fíf brð þra oððe syxe, Bd. 4, 13; S. 582, 22. Hé sǽde ðæt hé syxa sum ofslóge syxtig, Ors. 1, 1; Swt. 18, 7. Ymbsealde sint mid sixum. Elen. Kmbl. 1481; El. 472. [Goth. saihs: O. Sax. sehs: O. Frs. sex: O. H. Ger. sehs: Icel. sex.]
six-benn, e; f A wound made by a 'seax' :-- Ealdorgewinna [the fire-drake) siexbennum seóc (cf. cyning wælseaxe gebrǽd . . . forwrát Wedra helm wyrm on middan, 5400; B. 2703), Beo. Th. 5800; B. 2904.
six-ecge; adj. Hexagonal :-- Sixecge exagonum, Wrt. Voc. i. 55, 3. Sixecge bere exaticum, ii. 144, 58.
six-feald; adj. Six-fold :-- Sixfeald exagonum, sixfealdum leóþcræfte exametro heroico, Wrt. Voc. ii. 144, 46, 47. Siexfealdre anlícnesse sena paradigmata, 89, 39.
six-féte; adj. Having six feet (of verse) :-- Ðæt syxféte vers, Anglia viii. 335, 13. Mid getelferse ɫ sixfétum catalectico versu, Hpt. Gl. 409, 21.
six-gilde; adj. Requiring six-fold payment or fine.: -- Diácones feoh . vi. gylde a deacon's property (when stolen) shall be paid for with a sixfold fine, L. Ethb. I; Th. i. 2, 5. v. -gilde.
six-hynde; adj. Of a class whose wergild is six hundred shillings :-- Gif wealh hafaþ fíf hýda hé biþ sixhynde, L. In. 24; Th. i. 118. 10. Be syxhyndum men. Gif hit sié syxhynde mon, [gielde] ǽlc mon . lx. sciɫ ɫ., L. Alf. pol. 30; Th. i. 80, 11. Gif hió sié syxhyndu, 18; Th. i. 72, 14. Syxhyndes monnes burhbryce . xv. sciɫ ɫ., 40; Th. i. 88, 10. Gif syxhyndum ðissa hwæðer gelimpe, gebéte be ðæs syxhyndan bóte, 39; Th. I. 88, 2-5. Syxhyndum men . c. sciɫ ɫ. gebéte, 10; Th. i. 68, 10. ¶ applied to the wergild :-- Æt twýhyndum were mon sceal sellan tó monbóte .xxx. sciɫ ɫ., æt syxhyndum . lxxx. sciɫ ɫ., L. In. 70; Th. i. 146, 14. v. twelf-hynde, and see Stubbs' Const. Hist. i. 161, note 3.
six-hyrnede; adj. Having six corners or angles :-- Sixhernede sex-angulatum, Wrt. Voc. i. 55, 4.
six-nihte; adj. Six days old :-- Se ðe biþ ácenned on, vi. nihtne mónan, Lchdm. iii. 160, 23 : 178, 6.
sixta; ord. num. Sixth :-- Se sixta (sexta) sextus, Ælfc. Gr. 49; Zup. 282, 17. Siexta wæs Óswald, Chr. 827; Erl. 64, 4. Ðá wæs syxte gear. Elen. Kmbl. 14; El. 7. Wæs ðá sihste tíd. Exon. Th. 171, 8; Gú. 1123. Seista (sesta, Rush. ), Mk. Skt. Lind. 15, 33.
sixteóþa; ord. num. Sixteenth :-- Se syxteóþa (six-) sextus decimus, Ælfc. Gr. 49; Zup. 283, 3. Sextegða, Shrn. 91, 20.
sixtig; used as subs, or adj. Sixty :-- Syxtig sexaginta, Ælfc. Gr. 49; Zup. 281, 18. Salomones reste wæs ymbseted mid syxtigum werum . . . Hwæt mǽnde ðæt syxtig wera strongera? Blickl. Homl. II, 16-22. Æfter siextegum daga intra sexagesimum diem, Ors. 4, 6; Swt. 172, 4. Mid iii hund scipa and LXgum, Swt. 176, 25. Sexdig (sextig. Rush. ), Mk. Skt. Lind. 4, 8. Sexdig ɫ sextih. Mt. Kmbl. Lind. 13, 23. Sexdeih, 13, 8.
sixtigoþa sixtieth :-- Se sixteogoþa sexagesimus, Ælfc. Gr. 49; Zup. 283, 12.
sixtig-feald sixty-fold. Mt. Kmbl. 13, 8, 23.
sixtig-wintre sixty years old :-- Hé wæs fíf and sixtigwintre, Gen. 5, 15, 18, 20, 21, 23.
sixtíne sixteen :-- Syxtýne sedecim, Ælfc. Gr. 49; Zup. 281, 13.
sixtíne-nihte; adj. Sixteen days old :-- On . xvi. nihte mónan, Lchdm. iii. 180, 3.
sixtíne-wintre; adj. Sixteen years old :-- Ðǽr georn . xvi. wintre mǽden, Shrn. 140, 1: 141, 9.
slá (from sláhe); gen. slán: but also sláh, slág, e; f. A sloe: -- Slá brumela, bellicum. Wrt. Voc. ii. 127, 26. Slág bellicum, Txts. 45, 289. Genim onwǽre sláh ðæt seáw . . . gif sió sláh biþ gréne, Lchdm. ii. 32, 18 - 20. Gewring tósomne swilce sié án sláh, 54, 6. Slán moros. Wrt. Voc. i. 285, 33 : ii. 56, 32. [Cockayne quotes from a late MS. : Acasia est succus prunellarum [im]maturarum, grene slane wose: and pl. slon occurs Alis. 4983. In Baker's Northants. Gloss. slacen-, slaun-bush are given as used of the blackthorn. O. H. Ger. sléha, sléa prunella, agacia: Ger. schlehe: Dan. slaaen. v. plúm-slá; sláh-þorn.
slacian, slæcian, sleacian; p. ode To slacken, relax an effort :-- Gif hé lithwón slacode . . . his handa ne slacedon sin autem paululum remisisset . . . factum est, ut manus illius non lassaréntur, Ex. 17, 11, 12. Ðæt ne ða sleacgiendan (pigritantes) hé ofhreóse, Hymn. Surt. 18, 15. [Nullich neuer slakien to drien herd wiðuten, A. R. 134, 22. Ne schaltu seon me slakien to leuen. Jul. 26, 1. He mot slakie his bendes. Laym. 23345 (and MS. ). Cf. Icel. slakna to get slack.] v. á-, tó-slacian; slæccan.
slacigendlíc, slǽ. v. a-slacigendlíc, sleahe.
slæc, sleac, slec (v. slæcness); adj. Slack. I. of persons (1) inactive, slothful, lazy, not willing to make an effort :-- Slæc reses, Wrt. Voc. ii. 118, 77. Sleac piger, i. 74, 33: lentus vel piger, 49, 35. Sleac vel slaw pigras vel lentus, 16, 48. Ðú yfela þeówa and sleac thou wicked and slothful servant. Homl. Th. ii. 554, 7. Sægdon ðæt hé sleac wǽre, æðeling unfrom. Beo. Th. 4381; B. 2187. Ðæt ðæm sleacan preóste ne þince tó mycel geswinc, ðæt hé undó his eágan, Anglia viii. 317, 4. Tó swilcum sleacum cweð se hírédes ealdor: ' Tó hwí stande gé hér ealne dæg ýdele?' Homl. Th. ii. 78, 10. (2) careless, negligent, remiss, not strict in the performance of duty :-- Ne tó stræc on ðære láre ne tó slæc on ðære mildheortnesse ne aut districtio rigida, oue pietas remissa. Past. 17, 10; Swt. 125, 1. Se ðe sleac wǽre tó gódnesse, Homl. Th. ii. 100, 22. Se biþ wacigende .. . se biþ sleac and slǽpende, Btwk. 220, 32. Sleaces socordis, Germ. 388, 34. Ne beón gé tó slápole ne tó sleace, ac scyldaþ eów georne wið deófles dare. Wulfst. 40, 21. Sleace to ǽnig wyrcenne gód pigre ad aliquod operandum bonum, Anglia xi. 117, 36. (3) languid, ill :-- Slæce egra, Wrt. Voc. ii. 107, 8 : 29, 18. II. of things, (1) of physical movement, slow, gentle :-- Sum munuc mid sleaccre stalcunge his fótswaðum filigde, Homl. Th. ii. 138, 6. (2) that makes inactive, sluggish :-- Wé sceolon ásceacan ðone sleacan slǽp ús fram, i. 602, 15. (3) not attended with effort :-- Hit is ealles tó sleac munuca . þeówdóm (nimis iners seruilium), gif hié læsse singaþ, R. Ben. 44, 18. (4) lax of conduct :-- Gemetgie ðæt fýr ða bilewitnysse, ðæt heó tó sleac ne sý, Homl. Th. ii. 46, 8. þeówode hé druncennesse and monigum óðrum unálýfednessum ðæs sleacran lífes (vitae remissioris), Bd. 5, 14; S. 634, 15. [O. Sax. slak: O. H. Ger. slah: Icel. slakr.] v. un-slæc.
slæccan, sleccan (?); p. slæcte, slæhte To make slack or slow, to delay :-- Ðú ús oftrædlíce mid elcunge geswænctést. . . . Ðá cwæþ se cyngc, ' Ðe læs ðe ic eów á leng slæce (slæcce ?), ' Th. Ap. 20, 6. v. á-slæccan, ge-sleccan; slacian.
slæcfull; adj. Slothful :-- Slacfulran for beládunge propter somnolentorum excusationes, R. Ben. Interl. 55, 8.
slæclíc; adj. Slow :-- Mid sleacilera (sleaclícere ?) sera, tarda, Hpt. Gl. 472, 49. v. next word.
slæclíce; adv. Lazily, slothfully, languidly :-- Sleaclíce enervatius, i. debilius, Wrt. Voc. ii. 143, 54. Sume sleaclíce (scleac-, MS. F. ) lágon and slépon, R. Ben. 68, 21. v. un-slæclíce.
slæcness, e; f. Sloth, inertness, laziness :-- Slecnes accidia, Wrt. Voc. ii. 5, 73 : 97, 5- Scleacnes pigredo, Kent. Gl. 694. I. slowness of physical movement :-- Swá swá ðære sunnan sleacnys ácenþ ǽnne dæg and áne niht . . . swá eác ðæs mónan swiftnys áwyrpþ út ǽnne dæg and áne niht, Lchdm. iii. 264, 19. II. slowness in action :-- Ðæs þeówes sleacnys (he seemed long in doing his errand), Shrn. 43, 15. Wæs beboden ðæt hi sceoldon caflíce etan, forðan ðe God onscunaþ ða sleacnysse on his þegnum. Homl. Th. ii. 282, 3. III. mental inertness :-- Nú wolde ic ðæt ða æðela [n] clericas ásceócon fram heora andgites orþance alce sieacnysse, Anglia viii. 301, 4. IV. remissness, slowness in performance of duty :-- Oft eác sió gódnes ðære monþwǽrnesse biþ diégellíce gemenged wið sleacnesse . . . Wé sculon manian ða manþwǽran ðæt hié fleón ðæt ðǽr suíðe neáh liegeþ ðære monnþwǽrnesse, ðæt is sleacnes, Past. 40; Swt. 289, 18-22.
slæcorness, e; f. Slackness, laziness, remissness :-- Ic ondette sleacor-nesse and slápornesse, Anglia xi. 98, 40.
slǽd, sléd, es; n. A slade in local names, e. g. Waterslade, v. W. Somerset Words, E. D. S. Pub., and in some dialects. ' Slade a breadth of greensward in ploughed land; a flat piece of grass; but now most commonly applied to a broad strip of greensward between two woods, generally in a valley, ' Baker's Northampt. Gloss. Narrow strips of boggy ground running into the hard land at Rockland are called " The Slades, " E. Anglian Gloss. Slade a breadth of greensward in ploughed land, or in plantations, E. D. S. Publ. Gloss. B. 7 (West Riding) In Levin's Manip. Vocab. -1570- a slade, valley = vallis, and Drayton uses the word in this sense, v. Nares; see also Halliwell's Dict., low, flat, marshy ground, with a broad bottom, a valley. The word occurs not unfrequently in the charters, e. g. :-- On slédes heáfad. Cod. Dip. Kmbl. v. 148, 3. Andlang slǽdes on pyt, iii. 48, 24: 407, 12. Tó brocces slǽde, 233. 34. On ðæt slǽd, 385, 28. Óþ ðæt niéhste slǽd, 416, 21. On slǽð, 25, 24. It occurs also in composition :-- To wulfslǽde, 456, 6. On Fugelsléd; of ðam sléde, 48, 21. In barfodslǽd; and swá on timberslǽd . . . on hamslǽdes heáfdan, 380, 25 - 6. On fearaslǽd, 385, 30. On dæt riscslǽd, 437, 15. Ondlong slǽ ðbróces, 405, 17. In other connections it is not common, but occurs in the following passage :-- Dameris beforan ðæm cyninge farende wæs swelce heó fleónde wǽre óþ hió hiene gelǽdde on án micel slǽd. . . . Ðǽr wearþ Cirus ofslægen and twá þ úsend monna mid him Tomyris simulat diffidentiam, paulatimque cedendo, hostem in insidias vocat. Ibi quippe, compositis inter mantes insidiis, ducenta millia Persarum cum ipso rege delevit, Ors. 2, 4; Swt. 76, 29. Cf. Iulius ferde ut of Doure in to ane muchele slæde & his folc hudde, Laym. 8585. Heó talden whar me heom kepen mihte in ane slade deopen, 26887. Geond slades & geon dunen, 28365. By slente oþer slade, Allit. Pms. 5, 141. Loke a littel on þe lannde on þi lyfte honde & þon schal se in þat slade þe self chapel, Gaw. 2147.
slægu, e; f. Slag, dross :-- Slaegu, slægu, slegu lihargum ( = lithargyrum), Txts. 75, 1230. Slægu liliagrum, Wrt. Voc. ii. 51, 6.
slæht, slæhtan. v. sliht, slihtan.
slǽp, slép, sleáp, sláp, es; m. Sleep :-- Befeóll slǽp (sopor) on Abram, Gen. 15, 12. Hrædlíce se slǽp becymeþ, Lchdm. i. 246, 17. Slǽp biþ deáþe gelícost, Salm. Kmbl. 624; Sal. 611. Hine slǽp ofereode. Andr. Kmbl. 1640; An. 821. Mec slǽp ofergongeþ. Exon. Th. 422, 23; Ra. 41, 10. Slép, Prov. Kmbl. 1. Gif ic mínum eágum unne slǽpes, Ps. Th. 131, 4. Slépes soporis, Ps. Surt. ii. p. 201, 38: somni, 202, 15. Hí wéndon ðæt hé hyt sǽde be swefnes slǽpe (slépe, Lind., Rush. de dormitione somnii), Jn. Skt. 11. 13. Mid ðý heó ðý slǽpe tðbrǽd somno excussa, Bd. 4, 23; S. 596, 5: Andr. Kmbl. 3053; An. 1529: Cd. Th. 161, 15; Gen. 2655. Of slǽpe onwóc æþeling, 249, 2; Dan. 524. Tó slǽpe;; gáte horn under heáfod gelǽd weccan hé on slǽpe gecyrreþ, Lchdm. I. 350, 21-2. Sigon tó slǽpe, Beo. Th. 2506; B.1251. Se ðe for sleápe áwéd frenticus (cf. slǽpleást), Wrt. Voc. I. 45, 72. Mid slǽpe swundon omnes somno torpent inerti, Bd. 4, 25; S. 601, 11. Ic sóftum alǽpe mé reste, Homl. Th. I. 566, 22. Gif hé ð ære hnappunge ne swícþ ðonne hnappaþ hé óþ hé wierþ on fæstum slǽpe dormitando oculus ad plenissimum somnum ducitur, Past. 28, 4; Swt. 195, 12. Ðý swíðan slǽpe, Blickl. Homl. 205, 4. Slápe somno, Eng. Stud. ix. 40, col. 1. Ðæt dust ðysse wyrte ðone slǽp on gelǽdeþ, Lchdm. i. 286, 6: 158, 2. Næfþ hénánne slǽp, ii. 198, 25. Slép, i. 158, 2. Sió slǽwþ him giét on ðone slǽp, Past. 39; Swt. 283. 8. Ásceacan ðone sleacan slǽp. Homl. Th. i. 602, 15. Slǽpa sluman. Exon. Th. 122, 31; Gú. 314. The sleep of death :-- ' Ic wille áwreccan hyne of slǽpe'. . . Se Hǽlend hit cwæþ be his deáþe. Jn. Skt. 11. 11. Up ástandan of slǽpe ðæm fæstan, Andr. Kmbl. 1589; An. 796: Exon. Th. 55, 27; Cri. 890. [Goth. sléps: O. Sax. sláp: O. Frs. slép: O. H. Ger. sláf.] v. frum-, niht-, ofer-slǽp.
slǽp, es; m. (?) A slippery, miry place (?) :-- Ðis sind ða landgemǽro . . . Ǽrest of ðan ealdan slǽpe . . . tó ðan ealdan slǽpe ðǽr hit ǽr ongan, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. vi. 112, 30-113, 3. On ocean slǽw (slǽp?), iii. 48. 19. [Cf. O. H. Ger. sleifa labina (labina a myre, Wulck. Gl. 591, 11 : a fenne, 797, 10): Icel. sleipr slippery. Slape soft, slippery is given in Halliwell as a North-country word. See also E. D. S. Pub. Gloss. B. (E. Yorks. ), ' slape slippery as a dirty path, ' and Gloss. B. 7 (W. Yorks. ), B. 15 (, Ray's North-country Words).] Cf. slipor.
slǽp-ærn, -ern, es; n. A dormitory :-- Slǽpern dormitorium, Wrt. Voc. i. 58, 10. Hwǽr slǽpst (ðú)? On slǽperne (dormiiorio) mid gebrð-þrum. Coll. Monast. Th. 35, 25: Bd. 4, 23; S. 595, 39. Canonicas, ðǽr seó ár sí, ðæt hí beóddern and slǽpern habban mágan, healdan heora mynster mid rihte, L. Eth. v. 7; Th. i. 306, 12. Ic begeat ðæt stǽinene slápern and ðlǽrtó ðæs landes be súþan ðaelig;n slépern .xxiiii. gerda on lange. Chart. Th. 156, 20-27.
slǽpan, slépan; p. te. [The Northern Gospels also shew forms from slépian :-- Gif hé slépaþ. Jn. Skt. Lind. ll, 12. Slépiaþ ɫ slépeþ árísaþ (slépiaþ árísas, Rush. ), Mk. Skt. Lind. 4, 27. Slépade (geslépedon, Lind. ) dormilaverunt, Mt. Kmbl. Rush. 25, 5.] I. to sleep :-- Ðú slépes, Mk. Skt. Lind., Rush. 14, 37. Slépes dormit. Mt. Kmbl. Lind., Rush. 9, 24. Hwǽr resteþ (-aþ, MS. ) ðæs mannes sáwnl ðonne se líchama slépþ ? Salm. Kmbl. 188, 12. Slǽpeþ dormitet, Ps. Lamb. 120, 3. Slǽpeþ (slépeþ, Ps. Surt. ) obdormiet, Ps. Th. 120, 4. tó slǽpe; wulfes heáfod lege under pyle; se unhála slǽpeþ, Lchdm. i. 360, 18. Gif gé slǽpaþ (slépaþ, Ps. Surt. ), Ps. Th. 67, 13. Slépes, Lk. Skt. Lind. 22, 46. Hé æt ðæm stáne slǽpte, Past. 16; Swt. 101, 18. Hwæðer hé wacode ðe slépte, ' Bd. 2, 12; . S. 513, 39. Ðá hié sléptun (geslépdon. Lind. ) cum dormirent, Mt. Kmbl. 13, 25. Sléptun (slépdon, Lind. ) dormierant, 27, 52. Hneapedun ɫ slýpton (in a later hand, v. Txts. p. 293) dormierunt, Ps. Surt. 75, 6. Ðeáh ðæt mod slǽpe gódra weorca, Past. 56; Swt. 431, 25. Mé lyste slǽpan dormiturio, Ælfc? Gr. 34; Zup. 211, 12 note. Ongunnon slépan dormitaverunt. Ps. Th. 75, 5. Wæs ic slǽpende 56, 4: 77, 65. Ðá gemétte hé his geþoftan slǽpendne. Bd. 3, 27; S 559, 15: Beo. Th. 1486; B. 741. Hé hig funde slǽpende (slépende Lind., Rush. ), Lk. Skt. 22, 45. II. to sleep, lie with a person :-- Gif hwá fǽmnan beswíce unbeweddode, and hire mid slǽpe (slépe, MS G. ), L. Alf. 29; Th. i. 52, 6. [Laym. p. slæpte, slepte: A. R. p. slepte Orm. sleppte.] v. ge-, on-slǽpan; healf-slǽpende; slápan,
slǽp-bǽre; adj. Somniferous, soporific :-- Hys gecynde is swíðe hát and slǽpbǽre, Lchdm. i. 284, 22.
slæpero, es; m. A sleeper :-- Ðæra eádigra seofon slǽpera þrowung, Homl. Skt. i. 23, 1. v. slápere.
slǽpig adj. Sleepy. [O. H. Ger. sláfag.] v. un-slǽpig.
slǽp-leás; adj. Sleepless :-- Slǽpleás insomne, Germ. 399, 263. [O. H. Ger. sláf-lós.]
slǽ p-leást, e; f. Sleeplessness :-- Hine gedrehte singal slǽpleást. Homl. Th. i. 86, 16. Wið slǽpleáste, genym ðysse ylcan wyrte (poppy) wós, smyre ðone man mid; sóna ðú him ðone slép on senst. Lchdm. i. 158, 1. [þe þet þuruh slópléste áwét frenetus, Wrt. Voc. i. 89, 81.]
slǽpness, e; f. Sleepiness, drowsiness :-- Deófol ús lǽreþ slæpnesse and sent ús on slǽwðe, Homl. As. 168, 106.
slǽpor; adj. Addicted to sleep :-- Ne beó ðú tó slǽpor, forðan ðe slép fét unhǽlo ðæs líchoman. Prov. Kmbl. i. v. sláporness.
slǽp-wérig; adj. Weary and sleepy, sleepily weary, so tired as to sleep, cf. deáþ-wérig; or (?) weary of sleep, cf. symbel-wérig :-- Oft mec (a mill-stone) slǽpwérigne secg oððe meówle grétan eode, Exon. Th. 387, 14; Ra. 5, 5.
slǽta p. te [causative of siítan; cf. bait an animal, and bite] To slate [Halliwell quotes from a book of 1697 to slate a beast is to hound a dog at him; and in Ray's North-country Words (1691), E. D. S. Pub. Gloss. B. 15, 'to slete a dog, ' is to set him at anything, as swine, sheep, etc. In Gloss. B. 17 the form is sleat. Jamieson also gives to slate to let loose, applied to dogs in hunting], bait, set dogs on, hunt with dogs :-- Man slætte ǽnne fearr, and se fear arn him tógeánes, Homl. Skt. i. 12, 72. [Heo leiden to him, sum wið stan, sum wið ban, and sleatten on him hundes (sletten him wið hundes), Jul. 53, 16. To slætenn affter sawless, Orm. 13485. Tho hede the wrecne (the wolf) fomen inowe, That weren egre him to slete Mid grete houndes, and to bete, Rel. Ant. ii. 278, 23. Cf. O. H. Ger. sleizan scindere, vellicare,] v. next word., slǽting, e; f. Hunting :-- Hé (William Rufus) geátte mannan heora wudas and slǽtinge (cf. William of Malmesbury's statement that he gave the English free leave to hunt), Chr. 1087; Erl. 225, 7. [Toward þau kinge heo weoren beien þær he wes an slæting (an hontyng, 2nd MS. ), Laym. 12304. Bole slating, Alis. 200.] v. preceding word.
slǽw; slǽwan. v. sláw; á-, for-slǽwan, sláwian.
slǽwp, e; f. Sloth, laziness, inertness, torpor; accidia, inertia, pigredo, torpor :-- Se sixta leahter is accidia geháten, ðæt is ásolcennyss oððe slǽwþ on Englisc, Homl. Skt. i. 16, 296. Sió slǽwþ giétt slǽp on ðone monnan pigredo immittit soporem. Past. 39, 1; Swt. 283, 6. Slǽwþ torpor, Hymn. Surt. 26, 28. Sléuþ pigredo, Kent. Gl. 694. On ðæm sceáte his slǽwþe in sudario lenti torporis, Past. 9; Swt. 59, 16. From ðære slǽwþe his synna a peccati torpore, 28, 4; Swt. 193, 23. Slǽwþe inertia. Engl. Stud. ix. 40, col. 1. Hí for heora slǽwþe and for gimeléste forléton unwriten ðara monna dǽda, Bt. 18, 3; Fox 64, 33. Ic wát ðæt swongornes hí mid slǽwþe ofercymþ, 36, 6; Fox 180, 34. Gyf hé for slǽwþe his hláfordes forgýmþ, lie biþ his ágnum wel geborgen, L. R. S. 20; Th. i. 440, 16. Slǽwþum torporibus, Hymn. Surt. 4, 10. v. un-slǽwþ.
slaga, an; m. A slayer, homicide; interfector, percussor, lanio :-- Slaga lanio, Wrt. Voc. ii. 53, 36. Hú ne biþ hé swelce hé sié his slaga (mortis auctor), ðonne hé hine mæg gehǽtan and nyle ? Past. 38, 4; Swt. 275, 9. Gif man þeóf geméte, and hé hús brece, and hine man gewundie, se slaga biþ unscildig, Ex. 22, 2. Se slaga (cf. ðæs sleges andetta, 29; Th. i. 80, 7), L. Alf. 30; Th. i. 80, 12. The procedure in cases of homicide is given L. E. G. 13; Th. i. 174, 15 sqq., and L. Edm. S. 7; Th. i. 250, 12 sqq. Ic monnes feorh tó slagan séce, Cd. Th. 92, 7; Gen. 1525. Slagum interfectoribus, Engl. Stud. ix. 40, col. 1. Se Hǽlend miltsian wolde his ágenum slagum, H. R. 107, 5. [O. H. Ger. (man-)slago.] v. ágen-, brððor-, fæder-, mǽg-, mann-, módor-, morþ-, morþor-slaga.
slágian, slág(h)- þorn, slagu (?), sláh, slahae. v. sláwian, sláh-þorn, man-, morþor-slagu, slá, sleahe.
sláh-hyll a hill where sloes grow :-- On sláhhyll, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. iii. 367, 3.
sláh-þorn, es; m. A sloe-thorn, blackthorn :-- Slághþorn, sláchthorn, -dorn nigra spina, Txts. 81, 1380. Sláhþorn, slágh-, salach-thorn, 99, 1898. Sláhþorn, Wrt. Voc. ii. 60, 39. Slágþorn, i. 285, 32. Ádelf niþeweardne sláhþorn, Lchdm. ii. 92, 30. [Le fourder (slothorne) que la fourdine (slon) porte, Wrt. Voc. i. 163, 1. Dan. slaaentorn.]
sláhþorn-ragu lichen from a blackthorn, Lchdm. ii. 144, 1.
sláhþorn-rind bark of a blackthorn, Lchdm. ii. 98, 7: 108, 11: 132, 9: iii. 58, 8.
sláhþorn-weg a road along which blackthorns grow, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. iii. 130, 27.
slápan; p. slép, sleáp; pp. slápen To sleep. I. of natural sleep :-- Slǽpst ðú ? Mk. Skt. 14, 37. Heó slǽpþ. Mt. Kmbl. 9, 24: Jn. Skt. 11, 12. Simle hé biþ lociende, ne slǽpþ hé nǽfre, 81. 42; Fox 258, 8. Ðonne wé sápaþ, 34, 11; Fox 152, 5. Hwí slápe gé? Lk. Skt. 22, 46. Ic slép (sleáp, Ps. Spl.), Ps. Lamb. 56, 5. Hé slép. Gen. i. 21: 28, 11: Bd. 3, 9; S. 534, ii. Óðre men slépon, 2, 12; S. 513, 37: Bt. 15; Fox 48, 12. Ealle slépun, Mt. Kmbl. 25, 5. Slápaþ dormite, Mk. Skt. 14, 41. Ðeáh hé slápe, Ps. Th. 40, 9: Lchdm. ii. 36, 9. Swelce se stióra slépe, Past. 56; Swt. 431, 30. Mé lyste slápan dormiturio, Ælfc. Gr. 34; Zup. 211, 12: Ps. Th. 3, 4:, Ors. 4, 6; Swt. 178, 24: Bd. 3, 11; S. 536, 30: Shrn. 106, 23. Ðonne mon wile slápan gán, Lchdm. ii. 228, 5. ' Hé wæs slápende, Mk. Skt. 4, 38 : Homl. Th. i. 566, 17. Ia. figurative, to sleep, be inactive, be motionless :-- For hwí slǽpst ðú, Driht-en? Ps. Th. 43, 24. Ðæt mód slǽpþ ðæs ðe hit wacian sceolde, and wacaþ ðæs ðe hit slápan sceolde. Past. 56; Swt. 431, 27. Ðonne wé slápaþ fæste, ðonne we nóhwæðer ne hit witan nyllaþ, ne hit bétan nyllaþ . . . ne slǽpþ hé nó fæsðe, ac hnappaþ . . . . 28; Swt. 195, 5-8. Ðæt ic (the creation) ne slépe siddan ǽfre, Exon. Th. 422, 20; Ra. 41, 9. Ib. of death :-- Ic slápe on deáþe, Ps. Spl. 12, 4. Lazarus slǽpþ . . . Se Hǽlend hit cwæþ be his deáþe, Jn. Skt. 11. 11. Ðæt míne eágan nǽfre ne slápan on swylcum deáþe, Ps. Th. 12, 4. Be ðám slápendum, ðæt is, be ðám deádum. Hwí sind ða deádan slápende gecwedene? . . . Ealle móton slápan on ðám gemǽnelícum deáþe, Homl. Th. ii. 566, 30-34. I c. of numbness in the limbs, to sleep, be paralyzed: -- Gif wé tó lange sittaþ us slápaþ ða lima, i. 490, 1. Gif þeóh slápan . . . lǽt reócan on ðæt lim ðætte slápe. Lchdm. ii. 66, 5-6. Wið slápende (paralyzed) líce, i. 380, 18. Cf. Wið áslápenum lice, ii. 12, 17. II. to sleep, lie with a person :-- His hlǽfdige cwæþ tó him : 'Slap mid me, ' Gen. 39, 7. [Strong preterites, as well as weak, are found in Chaucer and Langland. Goth. slépan: O. Sax. slápan: O. Frs. slepa : O. H. Ger. sláfan.] v. á, on-slapan, be-slǽpan (-slápan); slǽpan,
slápere, es; m. A sleeper :-- Ðæra seofon slápera gemynd, Homl. Th. ii. 424, 8. v. slǽpere.
slápfulness, e; f. Sleepiness, drowsiness :-- Ungelimplíce slápfulnys [slápful (? cf. slápor)] lethargus, Wrt. Voc. i. 46, 1.
slápian; p. ode To cause to sleep, used impersonally with acc.; cf. O. H. Ger. mih sláphóta dormitavit anima mea :-- Ne geþafa ðú ðínum eágum ðæt hié slápige ne ne hnappigen díne brǽwas . . . Ne slápige nó ðin eáge (eágan, Cote. MSS. ) . . . Ðæt is ðæt mon his eáge lǽte slápian (slápan, slápigen, Cott. MSS. ) ne dederis somnum oculis tuis, ne dormitent palpebrae tuae . . . Ne dederis somnum oculis tuis . . . Somnum oculis dare, est . . ., Past. 28, 4; Swt. 193, 18-25. v. slápan, slǽpan.
slápol; adj. Addicted to sleep, somnolent :-- Ne sceal mon beón tó slápol (somnolentus), R. Ben. 17, 16. Se ðe wǽre slápol, weorðe se ful wacor, Wulfst. 72, 13. Ne beón gé tó slápole ne ealles tó sleace, 40, 21. Tó ðám Godes weorce árísende, heora ǽlc ððerne myngige, ðæt ða slápule (-an, MS. F. ) náne láde næbben, R. Ben. 47, 17. Hana ða slápolan þreáþ, Hymn. Surt. 7, 1. [Unilimpliche slápel letargicus, Wrt. Voc. i. 90, 1.]
slápolness, e; f. Somnolence, sleepiness :-- Seó slápolnys byþ gescrýdd mid wácum tætticum dormitatio vestietur pannis, Homl. As. 9, 237. Ádrǽf slápolnyssa expelle sompnolentiam, Hymn. Surt. 18, 13. Ásol-cennys ácenþ ídelnysse and slápolnysse, Homl. Th. ii. 220, 25. Ic syngede þurh slǽwþe and þurh slápelnesse per accidiam et somnolentiam, Confess. Peccat.
sláporness, e; f. Somnolence :-- Ic ondette slápornesse, Anglia xi. 98, 40. v. preceding word, and slǽpor.
slarige, an; f. Clary; salvia sclarea :-- Slarege sclaregia, Wrt. Voc. i. 79, 16. Slarige, Lchdm. iii. 6, 10. Slarian sǽd, 72, 8. Slarian gódne dǽl, ii. 58, 11. [From Latin.]
sláw, slǽw, sleáw; adj. Slow, inert, sluggish, slothful, torpid :-- Sleac vel sláw pigrus vel lentus, Wrt. Voc. i. 16, 48. Sláw reses vel deses vel piger, 49, 30. Se ðe wǽre full sláw, weorðe se unsláw, Wulfst. 72, 14. Ðone sǽnan ðe biþ tó sláw ðú scealt hátan assa má ðonne man segnis ac stupidus torpet? asinum vivit, Bt. 38, 4; Fox 192, 20. Sió sláwe torpens, Wrt. Voc. ii. 60, 2. Mód ðæt sláwe mens torpida, Hymn. Surt. 37, 10. Ðú yfela þeów and sláwa (piger). Mt. Kmbl. 25, 26. Ðú sláwa gá ðé tó æmethylle vade ad fortnican, o piger, Past. 28, 3; Swt. 191, 25. On óðre wísan sceal man manian ða sláwan (cf. late, Swt. 281, 16), on óðre ða ðe beóþ tó hrade, Past. "23; Swt. 175, 25. Ðá sláwan (pigri) sint to manianne ðæt hié ne forielden ðone tíman ðe hié tiola on dón mǽgen, 39, l; Swt. 281, 19. Sláwera desidiosorum, Wtr. Voc. ii. 28, 12. [Slak (sléu, MS. C. ) an móde, Hel. 4962. O. H. Ger. sléo hebes: Icel. slær, sljór blunt, dull; Dan. slostals;v.] v. un-sláw.
sláwian; p. ode To be or become slow, sluggish, inactive :-- Hwæs wilnast ðú ðæt dú ne sláwedest swá micel geswinc tó gefremmanne what dost thou desire, that thou hast not been slow to perform so great a labour, Homl. Skt. ii. 23 b, 224. Wacige and swince ðár ongeán tfæt hé oft ǽr beslép and sláwode, L. Pen. 16; Th. ii. 284, 3. Slágige (slacige?) ɫ sláwige pigeat, Hpt. Gl. 479, 5. [O. H. Ger. sléwén hebere, torpere: cf. Icel. sljófa to blunt.] v. á-, for-sláwian.
sláwlíce; adv. Slowly, sluggishly; pigre :-- Ðæt hié tó sláwlíce ðara ne giémen ðe him befæste sién ut a commissorum custodia minime tor-pescant, Past. 28, 3; Swt. 191, 23. Ic wéne ðæt hé hiene snide sláwlícor (sláulícor, Hatt. MS. ) pigrius fortasse incideret, 26, 3; Swt. 186, 3. [Ne dyde hé þ̄ náht sláulíce, Anglia x. 143, 87. Man slawliche ariseð, and late to chireche goð, O. E. Homl. ii. II, 35. Icel. slæ-, sljó-liga slowly, dully, carelessly.] v. un-sláwlíce.
slá-wyrm, es; m. A slow-worm, blind-worm (cf. a slaworme cecula, Cath. Angl. 343), a kind of snake: -- Sláwyrm stellio, Wrt. Voc. i. 24, 25: 78, 60: spalangius, 24, 27: Hpt. Gl. 450, 26: regulus (cf. regulus est serpens, avis, et rex parvulus omnis, Wrt. Voc. i. 221, 9), Kent. Gl. 913: Engl. Stud. x. 40. Efete sláwyrm stellio, Ælfc. Gr. 9, 3; Zup. 35, 7 note. [Cf. Norweg. slo, orm-slo a blindworm: Swed. sla, orm-sla.] Cf. sleán to strike.
sleac, sleacian. v. slæc, slacian.
sleahe, slǽ; f. A slay (or sley), a weaver's reed, an instrument of a weaver's loom that has teeth like a comb: -- Slahae pectica. Wrt. Voc. ii. 117, 23. Slǽ pe[c]tica i. 282, 6. [Purvu de une lame (slay), Wrt. Voc. i. 157, 26. Sley lamia, pecten, 217, col. 2. Slaye lanea, 234, col. 2. Slay pecten, lania, Cath. Angl. 342, col. 2, and see note. Slay, webstarys loome lanarium, radius, Prompt. Parv. 458, col. 1.]
sleán; p. slóh, slóg, slógh, pl. slógon; pp. slagen, slægen, slegen. A. trans. I. to strike an object, smite :-- Gif ðú slehst si percusseris, Kent. Gl. 880. Gif man óðerne mid fyste in naso slæhþ, L. Ethb. 57; Th. i. 16, 17. Ðæt fell hlýt, ðonne hit mon sliehþ, Past. 46; Swt. 347, 5. Ðæt ár ðonne hit mon slihþ, 37; Swt. 267, 24. Ðám ðe ðé slihþ (slyhþ, MS. A. : sláeþ, Lind. ) on ðín gewenge, Lk. Skt. 6, 29. Ic sylfa slóh gréne tácne gársecges deóp, Cd. Th. 195, 21; Exod. 280. Ðonne hié (the serpent) mon slog oððe sceát, Ors. 4, 6; Swt. 174, 7. Hé ðone níðgæst slóh, ðæt ðæt sweord gedeáf, Beo. Th. 5392; B. 2699. Slóh ðá wundenlocc ðone feóndsceaþan fágum méce, Judth. Thw. 23, 3; Jud. 103. Sume hyne slógon (slogan. Lind., Rush. ) on his ansýne mid hyra handum, and cwǽdon: Sege hwæt is se ðe ðé slóh (slóg, Rush. ) Mt. Kmbl. 26, 67, Me weras slógon and swungon, Andr. Kmbl. 1927; An. 966. Hí mé mid sweopum slógun, Exon. Th. 88, 18; Cri. 142. Ne sleá gé nánne neminem concutiatis, Lk. Skt. 3, 14. Sleáþ synnigne ofer seolfes múþ, Andr. Kmbl. 2601; An. 1302. Se ðe sleá (percusserit) his fæder oððe his móder swelte hé deáþe, Ex. 21, 15. Gehýrde ic ðæt Eádweard ánne slóge swíðe mid his swurde, Byrht. Th. 135, 13; By. 117. Ðá beáh hé sleánde his breóst, H. R. 107, 11. Áhsa hwæðer hé ǽfre wǽre slegen on ða sídan. Lchdm. ii. 258, 23. Biþ slaegen percellitur, Wrt. Voc. ii. 117, 3. An slægenre in pacte, 48, 77. II. of special kinds of striking, (a) to strike coin, to stamp money (cf. similar use in O. Frs. and Icel. ), cf. mynet-slege :-- Wæs ðæs feós ofergewrit ðæs ylcan mynetsleges ðe man ðæt feoh on slóh, sóna ðæs forman geáres ðá Decius féng tó ríce. Homl. Skt. i. 23, 476. Ælc mynetere ðe man tíhþ ðæt fals feoh slóge. L. Eth. iii. 8; Th. i. 296, 12. Godes feoh biþ befæst myneterum tó sleánne, Homl. Th. ii. 554, 14. (b) to forge a weapon (cf. Icel. ), . cf. slecg-hamer :-- Sæt smiþ, slóh seax. Lchdm. iii. 52, 27. III. of a serpent, to sting :-- Gif næddre sleá man, Lchdm. ii. no, 14. IV. to strike so as to kill, to slay :-- Slés ðú occideris, Ps. Surt. 138, 19. Hé sléþ occideret, 77, 34. Mann slihþ ðínne oxan bos tuus immoletur. Deut. 28, 31. Ic slóg niceras, Beo. Th. 847; 6. 421: Exon. Th. 272, 4; Jul. 494. Ðonne God hié slóg (occideret), ðonne sóhton hié hine, Past. 36, 3; Swt. 251, 20: Beo. Th. 217; B. 108. Slógh, Bd. 3, 9; S. 533, 14. Hé slóh and fylde feond, Cd. Th. 124, 32; Gen. 2071. Se hagol slóh ealle ða þing ðe úte wǽron, ǽgðer ge men ge nýtenu. Ex. 9, 25. Slógon obruerunt, Wrt. Voc. ii. 65, 20. Abraham ne sleah ðín bearn, Cd. Th. 176, 18; Gen. 2913. Sleh, 204, 12; Exod. 418. Sleá man ðone leásan wítegan propheta Hie interficietur, Deut. 13, 5. Ðás folc sleán mid cwealmþreá, Cd. Th. 151, 10; Gen. 2506. Se eorl wolde sleán eaferan sínne, 203, 30; Exod. 411. On deáþ sleán (cf. Dan. at slaa ihjel) scyldige, 76, 34; Gen. 1267. Hé biþ . . . tó sleánne oðde tó álýsenne, L. Wih. 28; Th. i. 42, 25. Hié wǽron ða wǽpnedmen sleánde, Ors. l, 10; Swt. 48, 6. Wæs Fin slægen, Beo. Th. 2309; B. 1152. Sacerdas wǽron slægene, Bd. 1, 15; S. 484, 1. Ða hǽþenan wǽron slægne, 3, 24; S. 556, 29. . V. to make by striking, to strike fire, to make a mark, sound, signal by a stroke :-- Ðá arn sum þeng and slóh tácen æt ðam gæte cucurrit minister, et pulsans ad ostium, Bd. 3, 11; S. 536, 17. Hé tácen mid his handa slóh sonitum manu faciens, 4, 3; S. 568, 6. Men tácen slógon, Guthl. 11; Gdwin. 54, 24: 12; Gdwin. 58, 23. Sleah feówer scearpan, Lchdm. ii. 100, 3 : 142, 18. Sleá him ánne spearcan, 290, 17. . V a. to strike a bargain (cf. Icel. slá kaupi) :-- Hig slógon heora wedd ǽgðer tó óðrum, Gen. 21, 27. VI. to strike, drive so as to cause impact :-- Hé slóh fýr on feóndas he drove the fire on to the foes, Cd. Th. 237, 28; Dan. 344. VIa. metaph. :-- Ic wéne gif wit uncre word tósomne sleáþ, ðæt ðǽr ásprunge sum spearca sóþfæstnesse, Bt. 35, 5; Fox 164, 2. VI b. to pitch a tent, drive a stake into the ground (cf. Icel. slá landtjoldum; Ger. ein Lager schlagen) :-- Iacob slóh his geteld on ðæré dúne, Gen. 31, 25. Sleah ǽnne stacan onmiddan ðam ymb-hagan, Lchdm. i. 395, 4. Ða hét Moises sleán án geteld bútan hira wícstówe, Ex. 33, 7: Homl. Th. ii. 242, 8. Ða stówa ðe gé eówre geteld on sleán sceoldon, Deut. i. 33. VIc. to cast into chains (cf. O. Frs. on tha helda slein) :-- Hió sceolde ða men weorpan an wildedeóra líc and siððan sleán on ða raccentan and on copsas. Bt. 38, 1; Fox 194, 32. VII. to move by a stroke, to strike off a limb, etc. :-- Hí slógon him of ðæt heáfod, Th. An. 122, 23. Sleá mon hond of oððe fót, L. In. 18; Th. i. 114, 7: 37; Th. i. 124, 23. VIII. metaph. to strike with disease, punishment, etc., cf. a paralytic, apoplectic stroke :-- Ic ástrecce mine hand and sleá Egipta land on eallum minum wundrum. Ex. 3, 20. Sliét concidet (cervices peccatorum), Blickl. Gl. Hí mid ðý wíte ðæs foresprecenan wræces slægene wǽron praefatae ultionis sunt poena multati, Bd. 4, 25; S. 601, 31. B. intrans. I. to strike, make a stroke :-- Hé yrringa slóh in anger he struck, Beo. Th. 3135; B. 1565: 5350; B. 2679. On ðone eádgan andwlitan men hondum slógun, Exon. Th. 69, 22; Cri. 1124. Ðæt hé mé ongeán sleá, Beo. Th. 1367; B. 681. Ia. to strike as a smith does :-- Hé sulh heóld and on íren slóh and corn ðærsc and windwode. Shrn. 61, 18. II. to kill (the object not being expressed) :-- Ne sleah ð ú, L. Alf. 5; Th. i. 44, 17. Slyh (sleh, MS. A. ), Mk. Skt. 10, 19. þeóf ne cymþ búton ðæt hé stele and sleá, Jn. Skt. 10, 10. Hié wǽron ða burg hergende and sleánde, Ors. 2, 8; Swt. 92, 16. III. to move rapidly (v. A. VI. ), rush, dash, break, take a certain direction; cf. to strike into a path, across a country (cf. Icel. slásk to betake ones self] :-- Gesca sláet singultat (cf. Icel. impersonal use sló á hann hlátri he was seized with a fit of laughter). Wrt. Voc. ii. 120, 50. Ðǽr seolesburna sliht on meóne. Cod. Dip. Kmbl. iii. 13, 31. Ðeáh swín beswemde weorþon, ðonne sleáþ hé eft on ða solu. Bt. 37, 4; Fox 192, 28. Hé on scip ástáh and slóh út on ða sǽput to sea, Ap. Th. 6, 6. Se lég slóh tó leofonum, Shrn. 73, 36. Ðá slóh ðǽr micel mist a great mist came on suddenly. Gen. 15, 17. Seó sǽ slóh tógædere occurrerunt aquae, Ex. 14, 27. Hé ofdrǽd slóh ádún ðǽrrihte terrified he straightway fell down as if struck (cf. Icel. slá sér niðr to throw one's self down on a bed), Homl. Skt. i. 23, 718. Ðá slóh ðǽr micel leóht fit æfter ðam englum (cf. Icel. impers. use, e. g. loganum sló út), Homl. Th. ii. 342, 7; 350, 24. On slógan incursere, Wrt. Voc. ii. 48, 1. Drenc wið deádum swile ðæt hé út sleá, Lchdm. ii. 74, 18: 102, 20. Ðý læs hit in sleá, 324, 3. Gif hié út sleán if they (pocks) break out, 106, 4. [Goth. slahan: O. Sax. slahan: O. Frs. slá: O. H. Ger. slahan: Icel. slá.] v. á-, be-, for-, ful-, ge-, of-, ofer-, tó-, wið-sleán; fýst-slægen.
sleáw, slébe-scóh, sleccan. v. sláw, slífe-scóh, slæccan.
slecg, e; f. A sledge-hammer, mallet; malleus :-- Slecg, hamur mallews. Wrt. Voc. ii. 57, 78. Slegc, i. 86, 16. Hwæt sylst ðú ús on smiþþan ðínre búton ísene fýrspearcan and swégincga beátendra slecgea (malleorum), Coll. Monast. Th. 31, 7. Wé hit uneáþe mid ísernum hamerum and slecgum gefyldon quam ferrets uix comminuimus malleis, Nar. 21, 5. [The gret slegges, Parten. 3000, Icel. sleggja a sledge-hammer: O. H. Ger. slaga malleus.]
slecgettan; p. te To palpitate, beat, throb :-- Seó wamb cloccet, swá swá hit slecgete. Lchdm. ii. 220, 18. [O. H. Ger. slagazen palpitare, tremere. ]
sléd, sléf, sléfan, sléfe. v. slǽd, slíf, slífan, slífe.
slege, slæge, es; m. I. a stroke, blow :-- Mé and míne geféran mid ánum slege (iclu) hé (the whale) mæg besencan. Coll. Monast. Th. 24, 33. Gif hine mon geyflige mid slege oððe mid bende, L. Alf. pol. 2; Th. i. 62, 3, Geswell ðe wyrð of fylle oððe of slege, Lchdm. ii. 6, 28. His eáge wand út mid ðam slæge, Homl. Skt. i. 4, 143. Slægum ictibus, Wrt. Voc. ii. 47, 54. Of wundum oððe of sníþingum oððe of slegum, Lchdm. ii. 82, 23. II. of a serpent's sting, cf. sleán, III :-- Wið nædran slege, Lchdm. ii. 10, 21: no, 22. III. a striking, beating, (a) scourging :-- Seó sunsciéne slege þrowade, Exon. Th. 256, 10; Jul. 229. þéh ðú þolie synnigra slege though thou suffer scourging at the hands of sinners, Andr. Kmbl. 1911; An. 958. (b) stamping, coining, v. mynet-slege, sleán, II a. (c) clashing, collision, v. sleán, VI a :-- Slæge conlisio, Wrt. Voc. ii. 105, 27. Slege, 15, 29. Slægum contunsionibus, 24, 43. Slegum, 20, 32. IV. a crash, clap of thunder, cf. Ger. donner-schlag :-- Ðǽr com swylce þunres slege, Nicod. 24; Thw. 13, 4. Hreám swá hlúd swá þunres slege, 27; Thw. 15, 5. [Wæs swyðe mycel lihtinge and ungemetlice slæge ðæræfter, Chr. 1118; Erl. 246, 40.] V. a fatal stroke, slaying, slaughter, death (by violence. On the difference between slege and morþor see Grmm. R. A. 625) :-- Ðæra cildra slege (the murder of the innocents), Homl. Th. i. 80, 28. Hú nyt is ðé mín slæge quae utilitas in sanguine meo, Ps. Th. 29, 8. Nú is ǽghwonon yfel and slege, Blickl. Homl. 115, 16. Gif mon twýhyndne mon mid hló ðe ofsleá, gielde se ðæs sleges andetta sié . . ., L. Alf. pol. 29; Th. i. 80, 7. For geclǽnsunge his unrihtes slæges ob castigationem necis ejus injustae, Bd. 3, 24; S. 557, 25. Æfter Pendan slæge post occisionem Pendan, S. 557, 30. Æfter his slæge (interfectionem), 3, 9; S. 533, 30. On Urias slege (slæge, Hatt. MS. ), Past. 3; Swt. 34, 23. Be elþiódies monnes slege. Gif mon elþeódigne ofsleá, L. In. 23; Th. i. 116, 13. Mid his bróðor slege parricidio, Ors. 2, 2; Swt. 64, 23. Hé tihte ðæt folc to dæs Hǽlendes slege, Homl. Th. i. 292, 6: 216, 15. He is gelád tó slege swá swá scép, ii. 16, 20. Hí heora swuran gearcodon sylfwylles tó slege they voluntarily prepared their necks for the fatal stroke, Homl. Skt. i. 5, 47. Mid micelre gnornunge ymb ðæs cyninges slege. Ors. 2, 4; Swt. 76, 23. þurh ðæs hyrdes slege byþ seó heord tðdrǽfed. Mt. Kmbl. 26, 31. VI. a defeat, loss inflicted on an army; clades :-- Ðæt tácen núgiet cúþ is on ðære eá noman ðæs consules sleges Fauiuses testatur hanc Fabii cladem Allia, sicut Cremera Fabiorum, Ors. 2, 8; Swt. 92, 17. Crist him gefylste to his feónda slege (cf. hí álédon heora fýnd, 96, 22), A. S. Rdr. 95, 13. VII. metaph. a stroke of affliction, punishment, disease, etc. v. sleán, VIII :-- Ǽr ðan ðe se fǽrlíca slege (the pestilence) ús ástrecce, Homl. Th. ii. 124, 21. VIII. an instrument for striking (or to be put with the next word?), (a) a slay :-- Slege percussorium (the word occurs among terms connected with weaving). Wrt. Voc. i. 59, 44. v. sleahe. (b) a plectrum [v. Hearp-slege plectro, Engl. Stud. xi. 64]. [Goth. slahs a stroke, blow: O. Sax. slegi slaying: O. Frs. slei: O. H. Ger. slag plaga, ictus, tusio, percussio: Icel. slagr a blow, defeat; cf. also slag; n. a blow; a defeat, slaughter, loss; a stroke of apoplexy.] v. bróðor-, deáþ-, dolg-, eár-, gegn-, hearm-, hearp-, hleór-, morþor-, mynet-, on-, sár-, sweord-, þeóf-slege(-slæge).
slege, es; n. A beam, bar. v. heáfod-, ofer-slege (-slæge). [Cf. Icel. slá; f. a cross-beam.]
slege-bítel, es; m. A beetle, hammer, mallet :-- Sleah ðonne on mid slegebýtle, Lchdm. ii. 342, 7.
slege-fǽge; adj. Doomed to slaughter, doomed to death by the sword :-- Slegefǽge hæleþ (the Assyrians before their defeat), Judth. Thw. 25, 7; Jud. 247.
slegel, es; m. An instrument for striking a harp :-- Slegele plectro, Wrt. Voc. ii. 66, 79. [O. H. Ger. slegil percussorium, maza: Ger. schlagel: Du. slegel a hammer, mallet.]
sleg-neát, es; n. A beast to be slaughtered :-- Hé geselle eghwelce gére tuá slegneát (slægnǽt, Chr. 852; Erl. 67, 39), Ch. Th. 105, 4. [Cf. Icel. slag-á a ewe to be slaughtered. "] Cf. sliht-swín.
sleht, sleów, slépan (to sleep), slépan (to drag), slí v. sliht, slíw, slǽpan, slípan, slíw. slíc (7); adj. I. sleek, smooth v. slícian. II. cunning, crafty, using smooth words (v. wards given under slícian) :-- Ic wæs ána slícera ðonne ealle óðre drýas sapientior eram omnium sapientium mago-rum. Nar. 50, 19. [Prompt. Parv. slyke or smothe lenis. With browis smothe and slyke (rimes with chike). Chauc. R. R. 542. Thowe make hem slyke and fatte ynough, Pall. I. 689. Icel. slíkr sleek.]
slic[c], es; n. A hammer :-- Sleánde slicc (slicc for slecg?) mallei percutientes, Kent. Gl. 723, see the note. Hé sceal habban . . . slic (in a list of weaver's implements; slíc an implement for smoothing what is woven, a sleek-stone, cf. slykston amethon, Wülck. Gl. 563, 26: letatorium, 593, 19. Slekstone/ lacinaiorium, Wrt. Voc. i. 218, 2. A slike-stone lucchier, 172, 15. See also Prompt. Parv. 458, note 2., Anglia ix. 263, 15. v. sliccan and slícian.
sliccan to strike, slap cf. colloquial lick = to beat. Halliwell gives slick as an Oxfordshire word for a blow, slap :-- Se ðe his wiel slicþ slieþ, slihþ mid girde qui percusserit servum suum virga, Ex. 21, 20. Gif men cídaþ and hira óðer his néxtan mid fýste slicþ, and hé dead ne biþ . . . hé biþ unscildig, ðe hine slóh, 21, 18-19. Gif hwilc slicþ eacniende wíf, 21, 22. v. slic[c].
slician; p. ode To make sleek, smooth, or glossy :-- Heó glytenode swá scýnende sunne oððe nígslýcod hrægel, Shrn. 149, 8. [v. Prompt. Parv. 458, note 2, where 'to sleek clothes' is quoted from Kennett, and a passage from Walter de Bibelesworth is given (v. also Wrt. Voc. i. 172, 13) : la dame ge ta koyf luche (slike). Til sleuth and slepe slyken his sides, Piers P. 2, 98. The word is also applied to making a fair show in speech :-- Alle þine wordes beoþ isliked, And so bisemed and biliked, O. and N. 841. Wordes afaited and ysliked, Ayenb. 212, 2. He can so well his wordes slike, Gower ii. 365, 22. See, too, Jamieson's Dictionary, sleekie fawning and deceitful; sleekit smooth, shining (of the face); but also, deceitful; sleekit-gabbit smooth-tongued.] v. slíc.
slídan; p. slád; pp. sliden To slide, slip, fall. I. of actual movement, to slide, glide :-- Ðá cómon twegen deóflu tó him of ðære lyfte slidan, Guthl. 5; Gdwin. 30, 16. II. fig. to make a mistake, to fail, err :-- Ðonne hé geong fareþ, hafaþ wilde mód, slideþ geneahhe (makes many a slip). Salm. Kmbl. 758; Sal. 378. III. to fall into an unhappy condition :-- Gif seó sáwl slídan sceal in ða écan wíte, Wulfst. 187, 16. IV. to pass away, be transitory or perishable :-- Ðeós mennisce tyddernes biþ swá slídende swá glæs, ðonne hit scínþ and ðonne tðbersteþ; ac Godes wuldor nafaþ nǽnigne ende, Shrn. 119, 23. Fleóg ðtú wesan ealdor slídendes plegan (labentis ludi), Lchdm. i. Iviii, 2. [Þer on geð him one in one sliddrie weie, he slit & falleþ sone; and ter monie goð togederes, . . . gif eni uoð on uorte sliden, be oðer breideð hine up er þen he allunge ualle, A. R. 252, 10-12. Mony folk slod to helle, H. R. 136 157. Huanne þe on uot slyt, þe oþer him helpþ, Ayenb. 149, 2. M. H. Ger. s'líten.] v. á-, æt-slídan; útásliden.
slide, es; m. A slip, fall; lapsus, Ælfc. Gr. 11; Zup. 79, 9. I. of an actual slip :-- Ðá wearþ mé slide and ic him (the horse) of áfeóll lapsus decidi. Bd. 5, 6; S. 619, 18. II. fig. a slip into misfortune or error :-- Forðæm hit ǽr hit nolde behealdan wið unnyt word, hit sceal ðonne niédinga áfeallan for ðæm slide. Past. 38; Swt. 279, 5. Ð ú gene-redest fét míne fram slide (de lapsu), Ps. Spl. 55, 13: 114, 8. Forwyrd ɫ slide lapsum, ruinam, Hpt. Gl. 440, 61. þurh synna slide through falling into sin, Exon. Th. 263, 13; Jul. 349. Slidas lapsus. Hymn. Surt. 7, 17. v. fǽr-slíde.
slíding, v. á-slíding. alidor; adj. Slippery :-- Ýs byþ ungemetum slidor, Runic pm. Kmbl. 341, 15; Rún. 11. Slideres lubrici, Hpt. Gl. 405, 46. Sýn heora wegas þýstre and slidore fiant viae eorum tenebrae et lubricum, Ps. Th. 34, 7- [Prompt. Parv. slydyr lubricus. )ju schalt falle, þe wei is slider, O. and N. 956. To a dronke man the wey is slider, Chauc. Kn. T. 406: Gower iii. 14, 8.]
slidor, es; n. I. a slippery, miry place; lubricum :-- Turf gleba, sliddor labina (cf. labina a myre, Wülck. Gl. 591, 11: a fenne, 797, 10), sol volutabrum, moor uligo, Wrt. Voc. i. 37, 20-24. Cf. slǽp. II. In a list giving names of things connected with ships, slidor glosses pulvini (pulvini machinae quibus naves deducuntur et sub-ducuntur in portum, Du Cange), 56, 54.
slidorian, slidrian; p. ede To slither (in various dialects; Dryden uses sliddering), to slide, slip :-- Ðonne hié on monigfealdum wordum slidrigaþ dum per multiplicia verba dilabuntur. Past. 38, 6; Swt. 277, 5. Míne fét ne slideredon non sunt infirmata vestigia mea, Ps. Th. 17, 35. Gif hy geseón ðæt mine fét slidrien dum commoverentur pedes mei, 37, 16. [Prompt. Parv. slyderyn labo vel labor: 0. Du. slideren. Cf. Vondunge is sliddrunge, A. R. 252, 14.]
slidorness, e; f. Slipperiness, a slippery place :-- Slidornis lubricum, Blickl. Gl. (Ps. 34, 6): Ps. Spl. T. 34, 8. [Prompt. Parv. slydyrnesse labilitas.]
slíf, sléf, slýf, e: slífe, an; f. A sleeve: -- Slýf manica, Wrt. Voc. i. 81, 70. Be slífan gebunden submanicatus, 21, 64. Slýfa manicae vel bra-chila, 25, 63. Slýfan manice, ii. 55, 23: 87, 58: bracile, 127, 14: manicas, 87, 43. Ǽghwelcere wunde beforan feaxe ad beforan sliéfan (sléfan, MS. B. : slýfan, MS. H. ) and beneoðan cneówe sió bót biþ twýsceatte máre (cf. 45; Th. i. 92, 20 for this double compensation when a wound was not concealed by the hair), L. Alf. pol. 66; Th. i. 96, 30. Synd gesealde from ðam abbode ealle neádbehéfe þing, ðæt is cugele . . . slýfa (slýfan, MSS. O. T. ), gyrdel, R. Ben. 92, 3. Hé one hláf tóbræc and bewand on his twám slýfum, Homl. Th. i. 376, 30. Hé ðone hláf gedyde on his twá sléfan, Blickl. Homl. 181, 17. v. earm-slífe.
slífan; p. sláf; pp. slifen To slive ('Slive to cut, slip, or slicc off. . . Palsgrave, " I slyve a gylowfloure or any other floure from his branche or stalke. "' Baker, Northants Gloss. ) [Slyvyn a-sundyr findo, effisso. Cf. also slyvynge, cuttynge a-wey avulsio, abscissio; slyvynge of a tre or oþer lyke físsula. He al hool or of hym slyvere (a slice, cutting), Chauc. T. and C. iii. 138. Sliver = slice still used in Scotland, v. Jamieson's Dict.] v. tó-slífan.
slífan, sléfan; p. de To slip or put a garment on a person :-- Hé hine sylfne ungyrede, and ðæt reáf ðe hé on hine hæfde hé sléfde on ðone foresprecenan man . . . Sóna swá hé mid ðan hrægle swá miccles weres gegyred wæs, Guthl. 16; Gdwin. 68, 18. [Slive to dress carelessly, Cumb. A garment rumpled up about any part of the person is said to be slived. Sliver a snore slop worn by bankers or navigators, Linc. It was formerly called a sliving. The sliving was exceedingly capacious and wide. Halliwell's Dict.] Cf. slípan, slíf, slífe-scóh.
slífe-scóh a loose shoe easily drawn on, a slipper :-- Socc, slébescóh soccus, Wrt. Voc. ii. 120, 69. Cf. slífan, slípe-scóh.
slíf-leás; adj. Sleeveless :-- Sléfleás scrúd colobium, sléfleás aucra scrúd levitonarium, Wrt. Voc. i. 40, 20, 21. Hæbban hý scapulare, ðæt is gehwǽde cugelan and slýfleáse, R. Ben. 89, 13.
slifor; adj. Slippery, deceitful :-- Slideres ɫ sliferes lubrici. Hpt. Gl. 405, 46. [Cf. sliverly cunning, deceitful, Linc. Halliwell's Dict.] Cf. slipor.
sliht, sleaht, sleht, slieht, sliét, slyht (s see the cpds. ), es; m. I. a striking of coin. v. pening-sliht. II. a stroke, flash of lightning, v. líget-sliht. III. slaughter, death by violence :-- Ðes sliht haec caedes, Ælfc. Gr. 9, 27; Zup. 53, 4. Æt eallum slyht[e?] and æt ealre ðære hergunge ðe ǽr ðam gedón wǽre, sér ðæt frið geset wǽre . . . nán man ðæt ne wræce ne bóte ne bidde, L. Eth. ii. 6; Th. i. 288, 1. Hú hé mid forhergiunge and mid heora mǽga slihtum on his geweald geniédde, Ors. 2, 5; Swt. 82, 17 : 5, 11; Swt. 238, 5. III a. the deadly stroke of disease :-- Ðis folc is mid swurde ðæs heofonlícan graman ofslegen, and gehwilce sind mid fǽrlícum slihte áwéste. Homl. Th. ii. 124. 10. IV. what is to be killed, animals for slaughter, v. sliht-swín (cf. Icel. slátr butcher's meat; slátra to slaughter cattle) :-- Gafolswáne gebyreþ ðæt hé sylle his slyht be ðam ðe on lande stent. On manegum landum stent ðæt hé sylle ǽlce geáre . xv. swýn tó sticunge, L. R. S. 6; Th. i. 436, 11 [Kath. slaht Laym. slaht, slæht, sclæht, slejht: R. Glouc. slajt. Cf. O. Sax. man-slahta; f. : O. Frs. slachte a blow, mortal blow; stamp, coining: O. H. Ger. slahta strages, occisio: Icel. sláttr; m. mowing; striking of an instrument. '] v. fiðer(-el ?)-, for-, hand-, hlóþ-, líget-, mǽg-, mann-, morþ-, morþor-, pening-, þeóf-, wæl-sliht; cf. slege.
sliht; adj. Level, smooth; in the cpd. eorþ-slihtes level with the ground :-- Swá swá oxa gewunaþ tó áwéstenne gærs óþ ða wirttruman eorþslihtes mid tóþum (eats the grass to the root, to the level of the ground'), Num. 22, 4. [Goth. slaihts wigs a level road; O. H. Ger. sleht planus: Icel. sléttr plain, level. ]
slihtan; p. te To smite, slay :-- Gif ðú fallas ɫ slæhtas cadens (translator seems to have read caedens in the second case). Mt. Kmbl. Lind. 4, 9. [Cf. O. H. Ger. slahtón mactare: Ger. schlachten.]
sliht-swín, es; A swine to be killed :-- Gýme eác swan ðæt hé æfter sticunge his slyhtswýn wel sæncge, L. R. S. 6; Th. i. 436, 16. [Cf. Ger. schlacht-vieh cattle to be killed.] Cf. sleg-neát.
slím. es; m. n. Slime, mud, mire :-- Slím limus, Wrt. Voc. ii. 54, 14: borbus, cena, 26, 53. Áfæstnod ic eom on líme (slíme ? cf. Ps. 68, 3: I am festened in slime depenesse) grundes infixus sum in limo pro-fundi, Ps. Spl. 68, 2. . [M. H. Ger. slím; m. : Ger. schleim : Du. slijm : Icel. slím; n.]
slincan; p. slanc, pl. sluncon. I. to crawl :-- Eodon ða wyrmas and scluncon wundorlíce; wǽron him ða breóst up gewende, Nar. 14, 8. Slincendes reptantis, Hymn. Surt. 28, 17. Hé gescóp eall wyrmcynn and creópende and fleógende and swymmende and slincgende, Anglia viii. 310, 17. II. fig. to slink away :-- Se earma flýhþ uncræftiga slǽp slincan on hinder, Dóm. L. 240. [Cf. O. H. Ger. slíhhan repere, reptare.] v. next word.
slincend, es; m. n. A crawling thing, a reptile :-- Ealle slincendu (Ps. Spl. slincende) omnia reptilia, Ps. Lamb. 68, 35 : 103, 25. Fram ðam slincendum óþ ða fugelas, Gen. 6, 7.
slingan; p. slang, pl. slungon To wind, twist, worm, move as a serpent. Cf. sling to move quickly, Var. dial. It also has the same meaning as slinch (slink). Halliwell's Dict. :-- Gif heó (the adder] ðæt heáfod innan ðone man bestingþ ðonne slingþ ( = slincþ ?) heó mid ealle inn if it strikes its head into the man, then it winds itself quite in. Boutr. Scrd. 20, 15. [O. H. Ger. slingan: Ger. schlingen to wind: Icel. slyngva to wind.]
slipa (slypa ?), an; m. A viscous, slimy substance :-- Genim sealh and ele dó ahsan (tó ?) gewyrc ðonne tó slypan . . . dó ðonne on ðone slipan, Lchdm. ii. 18, 26-28. Wyrc slypan of wætere and of axsan, iii. 38, 1. v. slipig, slipor, and slyppe.
slípan (P); p. sláp, pl. slipon To slip, glide. [He with feigned chere him slipeth (rimes with wipeth) he slips of, Gower ii. 347, 30. Slype to move freely, as any weighty body which is dragged through a mire, Jamieson's Dict. O. H. Ger., slífan labi.] Cf. slipor, and see slúpan.
slípan, slépan; p. te To slip, put something on or off. Cf. slípe to take away the outside covering from anything, Halliwell's Dict.. Slype to strip off the skin or bark of anything, Jamieson's Dict. :-- Se hláford hefig gioc slépte on ða swyran sínra þegena, Me: 9, 55. Se cyning slýpte his beáh of the king slipped his ring off; tuiit rex annulum de manu sua, Anglia ix. 32, 158, [Goth. af-slaupjan thana fairnjan mannan to put off the old man: O. Sax. slópian to slip one's self from a bond: M. H. Ger. sloufen, ana-sloufen induere.] v. be-slépan; un-slíped, slípe-scðh, slúpan; and cf. slífan.
slípe-scóh a slip-shoe (Halliwell gives the word from a work dated 1615. Cf. slip-shod), a shoe easily slipped on, a slipper :-- Slýpescós soccus, Wrt. Voc. i. 289, 7. v. slípan; slífe-scóh.
slipig; adj. Slippy, slimy, viscid :-- Mid slipigre and þiccere wǽtan, Lchdm. ii. 280, 4. Ða þiccan and ða slipigan (slipinga, MS. ) wǽtan on ðam magan and ðæt þicce slipige horh ðú scealt mid ðám lǽcedómum wyrman and þynnian, 194, 29-22. Wǽtan þicce and slipegran, 178, 15. Of þiccum wǽtum slipegrum . . . Wið slipegrum wǽtum ðæs miltes, 246, 17. [M. H. Ger. slipfic.] v. next word.
slipor; adj. I. slippery, not easy to hold, moving easily :-- Deófol næddre ys slipor ðæs gif heáfde ná byþ wiðstanden eall on innemystum heortan ðænne ná byþ ongyten byþ ásliden diabolus serpens est lubricus, cuius si capiti non resistitur, totus in interna cordis, dum non sentitur, inlabitur, Scint. 210, 9. II. slipping easily, easily moved :-- Ym-hídignyssa ofþriccaþ ðæt mód, and unlustas tólýsaþ; þwyrlice þing ðe heora hláfordas dóþ geswencte fram carum, and slipere þurh unstæððig-nysse, Homl. Th. ii. 92, 16. III. foul :-- Fúl ne sý oððe slipor nec feda sit nec lubrica. Hymn. Surt. 5, 9. Ǽlc þing slipores ɫ fúles omne lubricum, 30, 9. Bedǽled andgite sliporum ɫ fúlum excita sensu lubrico, 3, 17. Gilt sliporne ɫ fúlne culpam lubricant, 15, 38. Ne tunge leás ne eágan syngian slipere ne lingua mendax occulive peccent lubrici, 24, 27. [Sliper lubricum, Ps. 34, 6. Nares gives several instances of slipper in sixteenth century, and Shskspere uses the form: A slipper and a subtle knave, Oth. ii. 1. O. H. Ger. slefar, Grff. vi. 506: M. H. Ger. slepfer.] Cf. slifor; slǽpe, slípan (?).
sliporness, e; f. Foulness :-- Beón út ánýdde slipornesse sint pulsa lubrica, Hymn. Surt. 36, 16.
slip-ræsn a sliding beam (?) :-- Slypræsn ferna, Wrt. Voc. ii. 147, 75.
slipung (?), e; f. Viscidity :-- Wið slipunge (slipigre ? the text has slipegrum wǽtum. v. slipig) wǽtan ðæs miltes, Lchdm. ii. 166, 24.
slítan; p. slát, pl. sliton; pp. sliten. To slit, tear, rend. I. in the following glosses :-- Sclát carpebat, Wrt. Voc. ii. 103, 51. Bítende and slítende mordax, 57, 52. Slítende mordens, Kent. Gl. 580: corrumpens, Hpt. Gl. 454, 68. Ic beó sliten carpor, Wrt. Voc. ii. 21, 40. Wǽran slitene carpebantur, 22, 22. II. to tear a garment, rend :-- Ðæra sacerda ealdor slát (scidit) hys ágyn reáf, Mt. Kmbl. 26, 65. Ne slíte wé hý non scindamus eam, Jn. Skt. 19, 24. Se heáhsacerd his reáf slítende. Mk. Skt. 14, 63. III. to tear, split, rend, cleave, divide :-- Hé slát sǽinterrupit mare, Ps. Spl. 77, 16. Hé slát stán interrupit petram, 77, 18. IV. to tear, rend, as an animal does with the teeth or feet, a bird with its beak, etc. v. slite II. slítung :-- Fótum ic fére, foldan slíte, Exon. Th. 393, 17; Rü 13, 1. Hrefn hine slíteþ, 329, 20; Vy. 37. Hine se wulf slíteþ, 342, 27; Gn. Ex. 148. Hé (the evil spirit) bítes and slítes hine, Mk. Skt. Rush. 9, 18. Heora heortan wyrmas ceorf-aþ and slítaþ, Dóm. L. 12, 168: 14, 210: Exon. 497, 5; Ra. 85, 24. Hé (Grendel) slǽpendne rinc slát. Beo. Th. 1487; B. 741. Ða wyrmas mid ðæm scillum gelíce mid ðé múþe eorþan sliton and tǽron oribus scamisque humum atterentes, Nar. 14, 12. Gif hund slíte, Lchdm. ii. 92, 10. Hié (lions and bears) noldon slítan hý (St. Tecla), Shrn. 133, 10. Gesáwon fuglas slítan, Cd. Th. 126, 1; Gen. 2088, Ðé sculon moldwyrmas slítan, Soul Kmbl. 145; Seel. 73. Hió (the lioness) onginþ racentan slítan (cf. brecan, Bt. 25; Fox 88, 13), Met. 13, 29. Se unclǽna gást hine slitende (discerpens). Mk. Skt. 1. 26. Slítende wulfas ravening wolves. Blickl. Homl. 63, 10. Slítendum ɫ terendum tóþreómum rabidis (voracious) gingivis. Hpt. Gl. 423, 42. IV a. fig. applied to inanimate subjects :-- Nú slít mé hunger and þurst, Cd. Th. 50, 2; Gen. 302. Hungor innan slát merewérges mód, Exon. Th. 306, 22; Seef., 11. Hí beóþ mec slítende (of the waves tearing at an anchor), 398, 11; Ra. 17, 6, V. to tear, bite (of pungent things, cf. slitol), irritate (of physical or mental irritation) :-- Slíto (suto, Wrt., cf. slítung) lacesso, Wrt. Voc. ii. 112, 29. Slíteþ lacessat, 95, 32. Ðæt wín slít ða wunda per vinum mordentur vulnera, Past. 17, 10; Swt. 125, 9. Sliten oððe gremeden lacessant. Wrt. Voc. ii. 52, 54. Of yfelre wǽtan slítendre, Lchdm. ii. 4, 30. Of yfelum wǽtan slítendum and sceorfendum, 60, 21. VI. to tear (fig. ), to destroy, waste, consume, v. slítendlíc, slítere, slítness II :-- Nán cræft nis Gode deórwyrðra ðonne sió lufu ne eft ðæm deófle nan cræft leóítǽlra ðonne hié mon slíte nihil pretiosius est Deo virtute dilectionis, nil est desiderabilius diabolo extinctione caritatis, Past. 47, 2; Swt. 359, 24. Tó slítenne (breccanne, Rush.) ae solvere legem. Mt. Kmbl. Lind. 5, 17. VII. to carp at, back-bite, v. bæc-slitol :-- Æt ǽrestum lyst ðone monn nnnyt sprecan be óðrum monnum & ðonne æfter firste hine lyst tǽlan and slítan ðara líf bútan scylde ut prius loqui aliena libeat, postmodnm detractionibus eorum vitam mordeat, Past. 38, 7 j Swt. 279, 7. VIII. to tear (intrans.) :-- Godwebba cyst (the veil of the temple) eall forbærst . . . ðæs temples segl . ., sylf slát on tú, swylce hit seaxes ecg þurhwóde, Exon. Th. 70, 19; Cri. 1141. [Prompt. Paru. slytyh attero: O. Sax. slítan to tear, split: O. Frs. slíta to tear, break : O. H. Ger. slízan scin-dere, lacerare, laniare, lacessere, saevire, delere : Icel. slíta to slit, tear, break.] v. á-, be-, for-, ge-, of-, tó-slítan; wæl-slítende, sliten, un-sliten.
slit-owealm. death by the tearing of animals: -- Neát ðe slitcwealm begéte animalia quae lacerationem mortiferam nacta sunt, L. Ecg. C. 40; Th. ii. 166, 24.
slite, es; m. I. a slit, tear, rent in cloth, etc. :-- Se slite byþ wyrsa pejor scissura fit, Mt. Kmbl. 9, 16: Mk. Skt. 2, 21. II. a rent, tear . made by an animal, a bite. v. slítan, IV :-- Wið hundes slite, Lchdm. i. 148, 7. Ices slite oððe hundes, ii. 86, 2. Be hundes slite. Gif hund mon tóslíte oððe ábíte, L. Alf. pol. 23; Th. i. 78, 1. Wið nædran slite, Lchdm. ii. 10, 21. Wyrma slite, Exon. Th. 77, 4; Cri. 1251. Slita morsuum. Germ. 392, 30. III. a coil of a snake (?) :-- Nædre sprotum slitas (?) lices clyniende vipera sarmentis laqueos corporis inplicans, Germ. 401, 24. IV. a breach, infraction of a law. v. lah-slit. [O. H. Ger. sliz : Ger. schlisz; m. : cf. Icel. slit; n.] v. folc-, lah-, wyrm-slite.
slite, an (?); f. A plant name, cyclamen, sowbread :-- Slite. Ðeós wyrt ðe man orbicularis and óðrum naman slite nemneþ, Lchdm. i. 110, 11. Slite cyclaminos, iii. 301, col. 2 : cyclamen, Wrt. Voc. i. 67, 53; ciclamina, ii. 131, 37.
sliten schismatic, heretic :-- Slitenum haereticis, Mt. Kmbl. p. 10, 9. Lye gives sliterum (slitenum ?) sagum haereticis fabulis, Josc. (?). v. slítan.
slítend-líc; adj. Consuming, devouring, wasting, v. slítan, VI :-- Slítendlícum lurconibus, Wrt. Voc. ii. 52, 71.
slitenness (?), e; f. Tearing, laceration :-- Sliten[nesse] morsum, lacerationem, Hpt. Gl. 490, 62.
slítere, es; m. I. a waster, destroyer :-- ' Hwæt is seó ungesǽlige sáwel?' Ð á sǽde hé him. ðæt hé wǽre cyrican slítere, Wulfst. 235, 24. II. a consumer of food, a glutton :-- Slíteras lurcones, Wrt. Voc. ii. 52, 26. v. slítan, VI.
slíþan to harm, hurt, damage, destroy :-- Heoro slíþendne, Exon. Th. 6, 10; Gn. Ex. 202. [Cf. Goth. gasleithjan to injure.] v. next word.
slíþe; adj. Dire, hard, cruel, hurtful, dangerous :-- Biþ ceóle wén slíþre sæcce the ship may expect dire strife, Exon. Th. 384, 17; Ra. 4, 29. On ða slíþan tíd (the crucifixion), Elen. Kmbl. 1710; El. 857. þurh slíbne níþ sáwle bescúfan in fýres fæþm. Beo. Th. 370; B. 184. Hé níþa gehwane genesen hæfde, slíþra geslyhta, 4787; B. 2398. [Goth. sleithis dangerous, perilous, fierce : O. Sax. slíði dangerous, destructive, cruel : cf. O. H. Ger. slídic, saevus, malus : Icel. slíðr fearful, dire; sliðr-hugaðr atrocious; slíðr-liga savagely.] v. slíþen.
slíþe; adv. Cruelly :-- Bearn ðara ðe ofslegene slíþe wǽran filios in-teremtorum. Ps. Th. 101, 18.
slíþe (?); adj. Formed, moulded; fictus. I. graven (of images) :-- Ealle ðe gebiddaþ ða slíþan omnes qui adorant sculptilia. Ps. Spl. T. 96, 7. Hí offrodon ðæ sliððæn sacrificaverunt sculptilibus, 105, 35. II. feigned, false :-- Hé oncneów slíþe mód úre cognovit figmentum (taken by the translator =fictam menlemt) nostrum. Ps. Spl. T. 102, 13. v. slíþness, and next word.
slíþelíc; adj. Graven :-- Gebǽdon ða slíþelecæn adoraverunt sculplile, Ps. Spl. T. 105, 19.
slíþen; adj. Cruel, hard, evil :-- Slíden infastum, Wrt. Voc. ii. 111, 66. Ðú wéndest ðæt ðiós slíþne wyrd ðás worulde wende bútan Godes þeahte, Bt. 5, 3; Fox 14, 4. Fin eft begeát sweordbealo slíþen dire harm from the sword overwhelmed Fin. Beo. Th. 2298; B. 1147. Hú slíþen biþ sorg tó geferan how cruel is care as a comrade, Exon. Th. 288, 12; Wand. 39. He him feorgbona þurh slíþen searo weorþeþ a destroyer of life through cruel craft to him he becomes, 362, 25; Wal. 42. On ða slíþnan tíd at that dread hour (of death), 161, 27; 06. 965. In ða slíþnan tíd in the evil days of the present life, 316, 22; Mód. 52.
slíþ-heard; adj. Excessively hard. I. of living things, very fierce, savage :-- Slíþherde deór (the boar and the bear), Exon. Th. 344, 22; Gn. Ex. 177. II. of inanimate things, very hard, cruel :-- Mé habbaþ hringa gespong slíþhearda sál síþes ámyrred the cruel chain has hindered me from going, Cd. Th. 24, 15; Gen. 378.
slíþness, e; f. A formation (?), a graven image :-- Hí þeówedon slíþ. nesse servierunt sculptilibus, Ps. Spl. T. 105, 33. v. slíþe (?).
slítness (slit- ?), e; f. I. a tearing, rending, laceration, v. slítan, IV :-- Ða slítnysse gedígean a laceratione (by wolves or dogs) convalescere, L. Ecg. C. 40; Th. ii. 166, 25. II. a wasting, destroying, desolation, v. slítan, VI :-- Slítnese desolationis, Mt. Kmbl. Lind. 24, 15. v. from-, tó-slítness.
slitol; adj. I. pungent, biting, v. slítan. V :-- Slitul léc mordax allium, Germ. 394, 260. II. carping, backbiting, v. bæc-slitol, slítan, VII.
slítung, e; f. I. tearing, rending, biting, v. slítan, IV :-- Slítinc ɫ geter dilaceratio. Hpt. Gl. 499, 21. Fugelas hig fretaþ mid ðære biterustan slítunge devorabunt eos aves morsu amarissimo, Dent. 32, 24, Sume men fram ðara wyrma slítunge sweltaþ, Lchdm. ii. 176, 14. II. wasting, spoiling, v. slítan, VI :-- Slítunge arpagine (or under I ?), Wrt. Voc. ii. 5, 38: 87, 72 (Wright has sutunge). [Prompt. Parv. slytynge consumpcio: O. H. Ger. slízunga saevitia.]
slíw, sleów, sliú, slí, es; m. The name of a fish, a tench or a mullet :-- Slíw tinca, Wrt. Voc. i. 55, 73: tinctus, 281, 52. Sliú tincus, 66, 1. . Sleów mugilis, ii. 57, 75. Slí tincti, Txts. 101, 2020. Slii, 116, 221. [O. H. Ger. slío; m. tinca, tincus: Ger. schleie a tench.]
slóh, slóg; gen. slóges, slós; dat. slóh, sló; acc. slóg, slóh, sló; m. n. A slough, hollow place filed with mire, a pathless, miry place :-- -Slóh devium, orwegnes devia, s. loca secreta, quasi invia, sine via, Wrt. Voc. ii. 139, 53-56. Tó ðam ealdan sló; of ðam sló tó ðam lytlan beorhe. Cod. Dip. Kmbl. iii. 38, 27. In reádan slóe, 391, 31. On ðæt reáde slóh; of ðam slóh, 376, 5. On ðæt fúle slóh; of ðam sló, 406, 32. In ðone fúlan sló, 381, 5. On horgan slóh, Cod. Dip. B. ii. 394, 30. On reádan slóh, 398, 38. Ðæt hors sum slóg on ðam wege oferhleóp equus quoddam itineris concavum transiliret, Bd. 5, 6; S. 619, 17. Ðeáh se man nime ǽnne stán and lecge on fúl slóh. Wulfst. 239, 10. [Heo arist up of þe slo, O. and N. 1394. He hath also to do more than ynough To kepe him and his capel out of slough, Chauc. Mancip. Prol. 64. Skeat takes this to