Indo-European Lexicon
PIE Etymon and IE Reflexes
Below we display: a Proto-Indo-European (PIE) etymon adapted from Pokorny, with our own English gloss; our Semantic Field assignment(s) for the etymon, linked to information about the field(s); an optional Comment; and Reflexes (derived words) in various Indo-European languages, organized by family/group in west-to-east order where Germanic is split into West/North/East families and English, our language of primary emphasis, is artificially separated from West Germanic. IE Reflexes appear most often as single words with any optional letter(s) enclosed in parentheses; but alternative full spellings are separated by '/' and "principal parts" appear in a standard order (e.g. masculine, feminine, and neuter forms) separated by commas.
Reflexes are annotated with: Part-of-Speech and/or other Grammatical feature(s); a short Gloss which, especially for modern English reflexes, may be confined to the oldest sense; and some Source citation(s) with 'LRC' always understood as editor. Keys to PoS/Gram feature abbreviations and Source codes appear below the reflexes; at the end are links to the previous/next etyma [in Pokorny's alphabetic order] that have reflexes.
All reflex pages are currently under active construction; as time goes on, corrections may be made and/or more etyma & reflexes may be added.
Pokorny Etymon: kam-er- 'to bend, curve'
Semantic Field(s): to Bend
Indo-European Reflexes:
Family/Language | Reflex(es) | PoS/Gram. | Gloss | Source(s) |
---|---|---|---|---|
English | ||||
Middle English: | chambre | n | chamber | W9 |
English: | chamber | n | room; bedroom; compartment | LRC |
comrade | n | companion, intimate friend/associate | W9 | |
West Germanic | ||||
Dutch: | kamer | n | chamber | LRC |
Old High German: | kamara | n | chamber | KDW |
German: | Kamerad | n.masc | mate, friend, comrade | LRC |
Kammer | n | chamber | TLL | |
Italic | ||||
Latin: | camera | n | vault, vaulted chamber | LRC |
Late Latin: | camera | n | arched roof, vaulted chamber | W9 |
Old French: | chambre | n | chamber | W9 |
Middle French: | camarade | n | comrade, roommate | W9 |
French: | chambre | n | chamber | LRC |
Italian: | camerata | n | comrade | LRC |
Hellenic | ||||
Greek: | καμάρα | n | arch, vault, chamber | LRC |
Key to Part-of-Speech/Grammatical feature abbreviations:
Abbrev. | Meaning | |
---|---|---|
masc | = | masculine (gender) |
n | = | noun |
Key to information Source codes (always with 'LRC' as editor):
Code | Citation | |
---|---|---|
KDW | = | Gerhard Köbler: Althochdeutsches Wörterbuch, 4th ed. (1993) |
LRC | = | Linguistics Research Center, University of Texas, Austin |
TLL | = | Frederick Bodmer: The Loom of Language (1944) |
W9 | = | Webster's Ninth New Collegiate Dictionary (1983) |