Indo-European Lexicon
PIE Etymon and IE Reflexes
Below we display: a Proto-Indo-European (PIE) etymon adapted from Pokorny, with our own English gloss; our Semantic Field assignment(s) for the etymon, linked to information about the field(s); an optional Comment; and Reflexes (derived words) in various Indo-European languages, organized by family/group in west-to-east order where Germanic is split into West/North/East families and English, our language of primary emphasis, is artificially separated from West Germanic. IE Reflexes appear most often as single words with any optional letter(s) enclosed in parentheses; but alternative full spellings are separated by '/' and "principal parts" appear in a standard order (e.g. masculine, feminine, and neuter forms) separated by commas.
Reflexes are annotated with: Part-of-Speech and/or other Grammatical feature(s); a short Gloss which, especially for modern English reflexes, may be confined to the oldest sense; and some Source citation(s) with 'LRC' always understood as editor. Keys to PoS/Gram feature abbreviations and Source codes appear below the reflexes; at the end are links to the previous/next etyma [in Pokorny's alphabetic order] that have reflexes.
All reflex pages are currently under active construction; as time goes on, corrections may be made and/or more etyma & reflexes may be added.
Pokorny Etymon: kok̑sā 'body part: foot, coxa, etc.'
Semantic Field(s): Foot
Indo-European Reflexes:
| Family/Language | Reflex(es) | PoS/Gram. | Gloss | Source(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| English | ||||
| Middle English: | cusseis | n.pl | cuisse | W7 |
| cusshin | n | cushion | W7 | |
| English: | coxa | n | hip (joint) | AHD/W7 |
| cuisse | n | plate armor for thigh | AHD/W7 | |
| cushion | n | soft pad/pillow to rest on/against | AHD/W7 | |
| West Germanic | ||||
| Old High German: | hāhsina | n | hock | W7 |
| kussīn | n | cushion | KDW | |
| German: | Kissen | n | cushion | TLL |
| Italic | ||||
| Latin: | coxa | n.fem | hip(bone) | W7 |
| Vulgar Latin: | coxinus | n.masc | cushion | W7 |
| Middle French: | coissin | n.masc | cushion | W7 |
| cuissaux | n.masc.pl | (cooked) animal thighs | W7 | |
| cuisse | n.fem | thigh | W7 | |
| cuissel | n.masc | (cooked) animal thigh | W7 | |
| Indic | ||||
| Sanskrit: | kakṣa | n | armpit | W7 |
Key to Part-of-Speech/Grammatical feature abbreviations:
| Abbrev. | Meaning | |
|---|---|---|
| fem | = | feminine (gender) |
| masc | = | masculine (gender) |
| n | = | noun |
| pl | = | plural (number) |
Key to information Source codes (always with 'LRC' as editor):
| Code | Citation | |
|---|---|---|
| AHD | = | Calvert Watkins: The American Heritage Dictionary of Indo-European Roots, 2nd ed. (2000) |
| KDW | = | Gerhard Köbler: Althochdeutsches Wörterbuch, 4th ed. (1993) |
| TLL | = | Frederick Bodmer: The Loom of Language (1944) |
| W7 | = | Webster's Seventh New Collegiate Dictionary (1963) |
