Indo-European Lexicon

PIE Etymon and IE Reflexes

Below we display: a Proto-Indo-European (PIE) etymon adapted from Pokorny, with our own English gloss; our Semantic Field assignment(s) for the etymon, linked to information about the field(s); an optional Comment; and Reflexes (derived words) in various Indo-European languages, organized by family/group in west-to-east order where Germanic is split into West/North/East families and English, our language of primary emphasis, is artificially separated from West Germanic. IE Reflexes appear most often as single words with any optional letter(s) enclosed in parentheses; but alternative full spellings are separated by '/' and "principal parts" appear in a standard order (e.g. masculine, feminine, and neuter forms) separated by commas.

Reflexes are annotated with: Part-of-Speech and/or other Grammatical feature(s); a short Gloss which, especially for modern English reflexes, may be confined to the oldest sense; and some Source citation(s) with 'LRC' always understood as editor. Keys to PoS/Gram feature abbreviations and Source codes appear below the reflexes; at the end are links to the previous/next etyma [in Pokorny's alphabetic order] that have reflexes.

All reflex pages are currently under active construction; as time goes on, corrections may be made and/or more etyma & reflexes may be added.

Pokorny Etymon: kok̑sā   'body part: foot, coxa, etc.'

Semantic Field(s): Foot

 

Indo-European Reflexes:

Family/Language Reflex(es) PoS/Gram. Gloss Source(s)
English  
Middle English: cusseis n.pl cuisse W7
cusshin n cushion W7
English: coxa n hip (joint) AHD/W7
cuisse n plate armor for thigh AHD/W7
cushion n soft pad/pillow to rest on/against AHD/W7
West Germanic  
Old High German: hāhsina n hock W7
kussīn n cushion KDW
German: Kissen n cushion TLL
Italic  
Latin: coxa n.fem hip(bone) W7
Vulgar Latin: coxinus n.masc cushion W7
Middle French: coissin n.masc cushion W7
cuissaux n.masc.pl (cooked) animal thighs W7
cuisse n.fem thigh W7
cuissel n.masc (cooked) animal thigh W7
Indic  
Sanskrit: kakṣa n armpit W7

 

Key to Part-of-Speech/Grammatical feature abbreviations:

Abbrev. Meaning
fem=feminine (gender)
masc=masculine (gender)
n=noun
pl=plural (number)

Key to information Source codes (always with 'LRC' as editor):

Code Citation
AHD=Calvert Watkins: The American Heritage Dictionary of Indo-European Roots, 2nd ed. (2000)
KDW=Gerhard Köbler: Althochdeutsches Wörterbuch, 4th ed. (1993)
TLL=Frederick Bodmer: The Loom of Language (1944)
W7=Webster's Seventh New Collegiate Dictionary (1963)

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