Indo-European Lexicon

PIE Etymon and IE Reflexes

Below we display: a Proto-Indo-European (PIE) etymon adapted from Pokorny, with our own English gloss; our Semantic Field assignment(s) for the etymon, linked to information about the field(s); an optional Comment; and Reflexes (derived words) in various Indo-European languages, organized by family/group in west-to-east order where Germanic is split into West/North/East families and English, our language of primary emphasis, is artificially separated from West Germanic. IE Reflexes appear most often as single words with any optional letter(s) enclosed in parentheses; but alternative full spellings are separated by '/' and "principal parts" appear in a standard order (e.g. masculine, feminine, and neuter forms) separated by commas.

Reflexes are annotated with: Part-of-Speech and/or other Grammatical feature(s); a short Gloss which, especially for modern English reflexes, may be confined to the oldest sense; and some Source citation(s) with 'LRC' always understood as editor. Keys to PoS/Gram feature abbreviations and Source codes appear below the reflexes; at the end are links to the previous/next etyma [in Pokorny's alphabetic order] that have reflexes.

All reflex pages are currently under active construction; as time goes on, corrections may be made and/or more etyma & reflexes may be added.

Pokorny Etymon: lou-, lou̯ə-   'to lave, wash'

Semantic Field(s): to Wash

 

Indo-European Reflexes:

Family/Language Reflex(es) PoS/Gram. Gloss Source(s)
English  
Old English: lafian vb.wk to lave ASD/W7
lēag n lye W7
lēaðor n lather W7
Middle English: ablucioun, ablution n ablution AHD/W7
deluge n deluge W7
lather n lather W7
launder n launder W7
lavas n abundance W7
lavatorie n lavatory W7
laven vb to lave W7
lye n lye W7
English: ablution n washing oneself as religious rite AHD/W7
alluvion n wash/flow of water against shore AHD/W7
colluvium n rock detritus/soil accumulated at foot of slope AHD/W7
deluge n overflowing of land by water AHD/W7
dilute vb.trans to make thinner/more liquid by mixing AHD/W7
eluant, eluent n solvent used in elution (chemistry) AHD
elute vb.trans to extract AHD/W7
eluvium n rock debris produced by weathering/disintegration AHD/W7
lather n foam/froth formed by soap/detergent agitated in water AHD/W7
latrine n receptacle (e.g. pit in earth) used for toilet AHD/W7
launder n (mining) trough conveying tailings via water AHD/W7
launder vb to wash (clothes) in water AHD/W7
laundress n woman who washes clothes LRC
lavabo n Mass ceremony in which celebrant washes hands reciting Psalm 25:6-12 AHD/W7
lavage n washing AHD/W7
lavatory n basin/vessel for washing AHD/W7
lave vb to bathe, wash AHD/W7
lavish adj prodigal, expending/bestowing profusely AHD/W7
loment n dry one-celled indehiscent fruit AHD/W7
lotion n ablution, act of washing AHD/W7
lut(e)fisk n traditional Scandinavian fish gelatin AHD/W2I
lye n strong alkaline liquor leached from wood ashes AHD/W7
pyrolusite n manganese dioxide mineral AHD/W7
West Germanic  
Old High German: labōn, labēn, labian vb to lave ASD/W7
louga n lye W7
German: laben vb to lave ASD
Pyrolusit n pyrolusite W7
North Germanic  
Icelandic: lauðr n.neut lather; sea froth/foam ASD
Norwegian: lutfisk n lutfisk, lit. lye-fish W2I
Swedish: lutfisk n lutfisk, lit. lye-fish W2I
Italic  
Latin: abluo, abluere, ablui, ablutus vb to wash away W7
ablutio, ablutionis n.fem ablution, washing oneself W7
alluo, alluere vb to wash against W7
alluvio, alluvionis n.fem alluvion, washing away W7
colluo, colluere vb to wash W7
colluvies n.fem medley, a flowing together W7
diluo, diluere, dilui, dilutus vb to dilute, wash away W7
diluvium n.neut deluge, flood W7
eluo, eluere, elui, elutus vb to wash out W7
latrina n.fem cabinet, latrine W7
lavandus vb.ger washing W7
lavatrina n.fem cabinet, latrine W7
lavo, lavare, lavere, lavi, lotum, lavatus vb to wash W7
lōmentum n.neut face cream, means of cleansing W7
lotio, lotionis n.fem liquid to wash oneself with W7
luo, luere vb to release, atone for W7
perluō, perluere, perluī, perlūtum vb to wash, bathe LRC
Medieval Latin: colluvium n.neut scourings W7
lavandarius n.masc clothes to be washed W7
lavatorium n.neut lavatory W7
New Latin: colluvium n.neut rock detritus at foot of slope W7
eluvium n.neut rock debris W7
Middle French: ablution n.fem act of washing oneself W7
deluge n.masc deluge W7
lavage n.masc act of washing W7
lavandière n.fem laundress W7
lavasse n.fem downpour of rain W7
laver vb to wash W7
French: latrine n.fem primitive cabinet, latrine W7
lavage n.masc laundry, action of washing W7
Hellenic  
Greek: λούομαι vb to wash oneself LRC
lousis n.fem washing W7
λουτρόν n.neut bathing LRC
louw vb to wash (transitive) W7

 

Key to Part-of-Speech/Grammatical feature abbreviations:

Abbrev. Meaning
adj=adjective
fem=feminine (gender)
ger=gerund(ive)
masc=masculine (gender)
n=noun
neut=neuter (gender)
trans=transitive
vb=verb
wk=weak (inflection)

Key to information Source codes (always with 'LRC' as editor):

Code Citation
AHD=Calvert Watkins: The American Heritage Dictionary of Indo-European Roots, 2nd ed. (2000)
ASD=Joseph Bosworth and T. Northcote Toller: An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary (1898)
LRC=Linguistics Research Center, University of Texas, Austin
W2I=Webster's New International Dictionary of the English Language, 2nd ed. (1959)
W7=Webster's Seventh New Collegiate Dictionary (1963)

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