Indo-European Lexicon

PIE Etymon and IE Reflexes

Below we display: a Proto-Indo-European (PIE) etymon adapted from Pokorny, with our own English gloss; our Semantic Field assignment(s) for the etymon, linked to information about the field(s); an optional Comment; and Reflexes (derived words) in various Indo-European languages, organized by family/group in west-to-east order where Germanic is split into West/North/East families and English, our language of primary emphasis, is artificially separated from West Germanic. IE Reflexes appear most often as single words with any optional letter(s) enclosed in parentheses; but alternative full spellings are separated by '/' and "principal parts" appear in a standard order (e.g. masculine, feminine, and neuter forms) separated by commas.

Reflexes are annotated with: Part-of-Speech and/or other Grammatical feature(s); a short Gloss which, especially for modern English reflexes, may be confined to the oldest sense; and some Source citation(s) with 'LRC' always understood as editor. Keys to PoS/Gram feature abbreviations and Source codes appear below the reflexes; at the end are links to the previous/next etyma [in Pokorny's alphabetic order] that have reflexes.

All reflex pages are currently under active construction; as time goes on, corrections may be made and/or more etyma & reflexes may be added.

Pokorny Etymon: stā- : stə-   'to stand'

Semantic Field(s): to Stand

 

Indo-European Reflexes:

Family/Language Reflex(es) PoS/Gram. Gloss Source(s)
Celtic  
Old Irish: siss- vb to stand up GED
tair-(s)issim vb to remain standing LRC
taman n tree trunk GED
-tāu vb.1.sg I am GED
-tō vb.1.sg I am GED
Middle Irish: samaigim vb to set down GED
Breton: sevell vb to stand GED
Cornish: sevell vb to stand GED
Welsh: sefyll vb to stand GED
English  
Old English: foresteall n.masc forestalling, leaping before W7
stæþ n.masc/neut bank GED
stāll n.str.neut place GED
stamn, stemn n.masc stem GED
standan, stōd, stōdon, standen vb.str to stand ASD/GED
staþol, staþel, staþul n.str.masc staddle ASD/GED
stēda n.masc steed, stallion, camel W7
stede n.masc stead, site, location GED
stefn n.masc stem; prow, stern LRC
stēor- pfx steering W7
stēor n.masc steer, young ox/bull W7
stēor-bord n.neut starboard, lit. steer(ing)-board LRC
stīeran vb to steer W7
sti(o)rc, styric n.neut calf, young bull/cow ASD/W7
stōd n.neut stud (horse); herd of horses GED
stōl n.masc stool, chair GED
stōr adj great, stout, strong, potent, violent ASD/IEW
stōw n.str.fem place LRC
stōwian vb.wk to restrain ASD/GED
studu, stuðu n.fem stud, post, pillar ASD/W7
stund n.fem stound W7
under-standan vb.str to understand, observe ASD/W7
Middle English: apostasie n apostasy W7
arest n arrest CDC
ar(r)esten vb to arrest CDC/W7
assisten vb to assist AHD
bested vb.ptc placed, situated W7
circumstance n circumstance W7
conestable n constable W7
constant adj constant W7
costen vb to cost W7
destinen vb to destine W7
destitute adj destitute W7
distant adj distant W7
establissen vb to establish W7
estat n estate W7
extasie n ecstasy W7
forstallen vb to forestall W7
instant n instant W7
instituten vb to institute W7
obstacle n obstacle W7
obstinate adj obstinate W7
post n post (in the ground) W7
resisten vb to resist W7
restive adj restive W7
restoren vb to restore W7
solstice n solstice W7
stable n stable W7
stacioun n station W7
stadeling n starling W7
stage n stage W7
stanchon n stanchion W7
standen vb to stand W7
stat n state W7
stathel n base, framework, foundation W7
statue n statue W7
stature n stature W7
statute n statute W7
staunchen n to stanch W7
stayen vb to stay W7
sted(e) n stead, place; farm W7
steden vb to place W7
steer n young ox W7
stem n stem W7
sterbord n starboard W7
steren vb to steer W7
stern n stern W7
stirk n young bull/cow W7
stith(y) n anvil W7
stod(e) n stud W7
stoic n stoic W7
stool n stool W7
storen vb to store W7
stound n stound W7
stowe n place W7
stowen vb to place W7
substance n substance W7
substitute n substitute W7
supersticion n superstition W7
understanden vb to understand W7
English: amphistylar adj having columns on opposite sides AHD
apostasy n renunciation of religious faith AHD/W7
armistice n truce, temporary suspension of hostilities AHD/W7
arrest n check, halting, being stopped W7
arrest vb.trans to halt, bring to a stop AHD/W7
assist vb to give aid/support AHD/W7
astasia n astasis AHD
astasis n inability to stand LRC
astatine n radioactive halogen element AHD/W7
astylar adj having no columns/pilasters AHD/W7
bestead adj placed, situated AHD/W7
catastasis n complication immediately prior to climax of play AHD/W7
circumstance n fact/event/condition conditioning/determining/accompanying another AHD/W7
consist vb.intrans to lie, reside AHD/W7
constable n high officer of medieval noble/royal household AHD/W7
constant adj steadfast, resolute AHD/W7
constitute vb.trans to appoint to office/function/dignity AHD/W7
contrast vb to oppose/compare AHD/W7
cost, cost vb.str to require specified payment/expenditure AHD/W7
desist vb.intrans to cease to act/proceed AHD/W7
destine vb.trans to predetermine AHD/W7
destitute adj lacking something needed/desirable AHD/W7
diastase n amylase, mixture of enzymes from malt AHD/W7
distant adj away, separated in space AHD/W7
ecstasy n overwhelming delight AHD/W7
enstatite n magnesium silicate pyroxene AHD
epistasis n suppression of genetic effect by nonallelic gene AHD/W7
epistyle n architrave AHD/W7
establish vb to make firm/stable AHD/W7
estaminet n small cafe AHD/W7
estancia n ranch, farmstead AHD
estate n state, condition AHD/W7
etagere n cabinet: tier of open shelves AHD/W7
etamine n light cotton/worsted fabric with open mesh AHD/W7
exist vb.intrans to have being (whether material/spiritual) AHD/W7
extant adj standing out/above AHD/W7
forestall vb.trans to intercept; hinder/prevent AHD/W7
Hindustan prop.n historical region of India AHD
histiocyte n phagocytic tissue cell AHD/W7
hist(o)- pfx body tissue AHD
histogram n bar graph of frequency distribution AHD
hypostasis n something that settles at bottom of fluid AHD/W7
hypostyle adj having roof resting on columns in rows AHD/W7
iconostasis n screen/partition separating bema from nave in Eastern church AHD/W7
insist vb to take resolute stand/course AHD/W7
instant adj urgent, importunate AHD/W7
instant n moment, infinitesimal space of time AHD/W7
instauration n restoration after lapse/decay/dilapidation AHD/W7
institute vb.trans to establish in official position AHD/W7
interstice n interval, space intervening between things AHD/W7
isostasy n subjected to same pressure on all sides AHD/W7
metastasis n change of form/state/position AHD/W7
obstacle n obstruction, something that opposes/stands in way AHD/W7
obstetric adj re: childbirth AHD/W7
obstinate adj resolutely adhering to course/opinion/purpose despite reason/argument/persuasion AHD/W7
oust vb.trans to dispossess, eject from/deprive of position/property AHD/W7
penstemon n beardtongue: flowering plant with many seeds AHD
peristyle n colonnade surrounding court/building AHD/W7
persist vb.intrans to go on stubbornly/resolutely despite warning/opposition/importunity AHD/W7
post n column, pillar, piece of timber/metal fixed in upright position AHD/W7
prostate adj re: prostate gland AHD/W7
prostitute vb.trans to offer indiscriminate sexual intercourse for money AHD/W7
prostyle adj having row of columns across front only AHD
resist vb to withstand force/effect of AHD/W7
rest n remainder AHD/W7
restharrow n Old World plant with trifoliate leaves AHD
restitute vb to restore to former state/position AHD/W7
restive adj balky, stubbornly resisting control AHD/W7
restore vb.trans to return, give back AHD/W7
shtetl n small Jewish town/village AHD
solstice n point on ecliptic at maximum distance from celestial equator AHD/W7
stable adj fixed, steadfast, firmly established AHD/W7
stable n building for domestic animals AHD/W7
Staddle prop.n Bree village in Tolkien: The Lord of the Rings LRC
staddle n base, support, foundation, platform for hay/straw stack AHD/W7
stage n step, one of series of stations/positions one above another AHD/W7
stall vb to mislead, employ delaying tactics AHD
stamen n microsporophyll of seed plant AHD/W7
stammel n coarse woolen cloth AHD
stance n station AHD/W7
stanch vb.trans to stop/check flow AHD/W7
stanchion n upright bar/post/support AHD/W7
stand, stood vb.str to support oneself erect on feet AHD/W7
stand n act of standing, stopping/staying in place W7
stanza n strophe, division of poem AHD/W7
starboard n right side of ship (looking forward) AHD/W7
starets n spiritual director/religious teacher/counselor in Eastern Orthodox Church AHD/W7
starling n protecting structure of piles around bridge pier AHD/W7
stasis n slowing/stoppage of normal body fluid flow AHD/W7
-stat n.sfx stabilizing agent/device AHD/W7
state n mode/condition of being; people occupying definite territory AHD/W7
static adj exerting force via weight alone, without motion AHD/W7
statice n thrift, sea lavender AHD/W7
station n place/position where someone/something is assigned to stand/remain AHD/W7
statistics n mathematics dealing with collection/analysis/interpretation and presentation of numeric data AHD/W7
stative adj re: state, condition AHD
stato- pfx resting AHD/W7
stator n stationary machine part in/about which rotor revolves AHD/W7
statue n person/animal likeness modeled/sculptured in solid substance AHD/W7
stature n natural height (of person) in upright position AHD/W7
status n standing, position re: rank/condition AHD/CDC
statute n law enacted by legislative branch of government AHD/W7
staurolite n iron aluminum silicate mineral in prismatic orthorhombic crystals AHD/W7
stay vb to pause, stop going forward AHD/W7
stead n place, locality AHD/W7
steed n horse AHD/W7
steer n male bovine (castrated before sexual maturity) AHD/W7
steer vb to direct course AHD/W7
stem n main trunk of tree/other plant AHD/W7
stern n rear end of boat AHD/W7
stet vb.trans to let stand, annotate signalling retention AHD/W7
stirk n young bull/cow AHD/W7
stithy n anvil; smithy AHD/W7
stoa n ancient Greek portico with front colonnade offering sheltered promenade AHD/W7
stoic n adherent of stoicism AHD/W7
stoicism n philosophical school founded by Zeno of Citium ca. 300 BC LRC
stool n short chair without back/arms supported by legs/central pedestal AHD/W7
Stoors prop.n.pl hobbit clan in Tolkien: The Lord of the Rings LRC
store vb.trans to supply, furnish AHD/W7
stound n hour, time, while, period AHD/W7
stow vb.trans to lodge, house AHD/W7
stud n scantling, upright in building wall for fastening sheathing/paneling/lath AHD/W7
stud n animal, esp. horse, kept for breeding AHD/W7
stylite n Christian ascetic living atop pillar AHD/W7
subsist vb to be, have existence AHD/W7
substance n essence, essential nature AHD/W7
substitute n person/thing that takes another's place AHD/W7
superstition n belief/practice resulting from chance/ignorance/trust in magic/fear of unknown AHD/W7
system n interacting/interdependent set of items forming unified whole AHD/W7
understand, understood vb.str to comprehend, grasp meaning of AHD/W7
West Germanic  
Old Frisian: stān vb.cont to stand GED
sted, stid, steith n site, (home)stead, location ASD/GED
steth n bank GED
stevne n stem, prow, stern ASD
stō n place GED
stōð n stud GED
stōl n stool, chair GED
stonda, standa vb to stand ASD/GED
stunde n stound ASD
Dutch: stad n town TLL
stam n stem: tree trunk TLL
stier n steer, bull TLL
stoel n stool, chair TLL
stuur-boord n starboard, lit. steer(ing)-board ASD
Old Saxon: stadal n.masc.str site, shed, staddle GED
stað n bank GED
stamn n stem, prow, stern ASD
stān vb.cont to stand GED
standan vb to stand GED
stedi n site, (home)stead, location GED
stēn vb.cont to stand GED
stōl n stool, chair GED
stunda n stound ASD
Old Low German: stier n steer, young bull ASD
Middle Low German: stēde adj firm, constant GED
stōd, stōt n pen, corral GED
stouwen, stōwen, stūwen vb.wk to stow, heap up GED
Old High German: gi-stuomi adj quiet GED
pfosto n post W7
stadal n.str.masc site, shed, staddle GED
stad(o) n.str.masc bank ASD/GED
stām vb to stand GED
stam(m) n.str.masc stem ASD/GED
stān vb.cont to stand GED
stantan vb.str to stand GED
stārke, sterke n stirk, young cow that has not calved ASD
stat n.str.fem site, (home)stead, location GED
stāti adj firm, steady, established GED
stedir n landing place GED
stēn vb.cont to stand GED
stior n steer, young ox W7
stouwen vb.wk to accuse, command GED
stūa-tago n.str.masc last judgment GED
stūēn vb.wk to repent GED
stunta n stound, hour W7
stuol, stōl n.str.masc stool, chair ASD/GED
stuot n.str.fem stud, herd of horses for breeding, mare GED
Middle High German: sterke, stirke n stirk ASD
German: Pfosten n.masc post LRC
Staden n land GED
Stadt n.fem city LRC
städtisch adj urban TLL
Stamm n.masc stem LRC
Stand n.masc stand LRC
Statistik n statistics, study of political facts/figures W7
statt adv instead TLL
stauen vb to stow, heap up LRC
stehen vb to stand LRC
Stier n.masc steer, young ox LRC
Stuhl n.masc stool, chair LRC
Stunde n.fem hour LRC
ungestüm adj vehement GED
North Germanic  
Old Norse: staðr n.masc place, spot, dwelling; part; way, respect LRC
standa vb to stand (firm), be in a place; weigh LRC
steþi n anvil; smithy W7
stjōrn n act of steering W7
stórr adj great, huge LRC
stund n.fem stound, hour LRC
styðja, styðjadd vb to (provide with/use as) support; stab/pierce from all sides LRC
stýra, stýrað vb to steer, direct; wield, own LRC
þjórr n steer, bull KNW
Old Icelandic: eld-stō n.fem hearth GED
staðr n.masc site, (home)stead, location GED
standa vb to stand GED
stōð n standard, stud of horses GED
stōll n stool, chair GED
stǫð n.fem place of landing GED
stǫðull n.str.masc place, staddle GED
stœða vb.wk to make stand, confirm; bring to a standstill GED
stœðr vb.ger standing firmly GED
Icelandic: eld-stó n fireplace ASD
staðr n stead ASD
stafn, stamn n prow, stern ASD
standa vb to stand ASD
stjórn-borði n starboard, lit. steer(ing)-board ASD
stjórr n steer, young bull ASD
stoð n.fem stud, post, pillar, ASD
stóð n.neut stud (horse); herd of horses ASD
stóll n seat, throne ASD
stund n stound ASD
Norwegian: stad n bank of river GED
Danish: etage n floor, story TLL
staa vb to stand GED
stamme n stem: tree trunk TLL
stod n stud (horse); herd of horses ASD
stol n stool, chair LRC
styr-bord n starboard ASD
tyr n steer, bull TLL
Swedish: stad n town, city TLL
stam n stem: tree trunk TLL
stol n stool, chair TLL
styr-bord n starboard ASD
stå vb to stand GED
tjur n steer, bull TLL
East Germanic  
Gothic: ana-stodeins n.fem beginning GED
*anda-staþjis n.masc adversary GED
stabs n element, rudiment ASD
standan vb.str.VI to stand GED
staþs n.str.masc place, region; land, shore GED
staua n.fem judgment, charge GED
stiurs n steer, calf ASD
stojan vb.wk.I to judge GED
stols n.masc stool, chair, throne GED
*stoma n confidence, substance GED
*unga-stoþs adj homeless GED
Crimean Gothic: *staþ, statz n land: bank, shore CGo/GED
stul n stool, chair GED
Italic  
Latin: arma n.neut.pl weapons W7
assisto, assistere vb to help, stand by W7
caelestis, caelestis, caeleste adj celestial LRC
circumstans, circumstantis adj/vb.ptc standing around W7
circumstantia n.fem circumstance W7
circumsto, circumstare vb to stand around W7
consisto, consistere vb to stand still, stop W7
constans, constantis adj/vb.ptc constant, standing together W7
constituo, constituere vb to set up, constitute W7
constitutus vb.ptc decided, set up W7
consto, constare vb to stand firm, be consistent W7
desisto, desistere vb to withdraw W7
destino, destināre vb to fix, designate W7
destituo, destituere vb to abandon, deprive W7
destitutus vb.ptc deprived, abandoned W7
distans, distantis adj/vb.ptc distant, away W7
disto, distare vb to stand apart W7
epistylium n.neut epistyle W7
exsisto, exsistere vb to come into being, exist W7
exstans, exstantis adj/vb.ptc extant, existing W7
exsto, exstare vb to stand out, be in existence W7
insisto, insistere vb to stand upon, persist W7
instans, instantis vb.pres.ptc standing upon, urging W7
instauratio n.fem instauration, setting up W7
instauratus vb.ptc instaured, set up W7
instauro, instaurāre vb to renew, restore W7
instituo, instituere vb to set up, institute W7
institutus vb.ptc set up, instituted W7
insto, instāre vb to stand upon, urge W7
intersisto, intersistere vb to stand still in the middle W7
interstitus vb.ptc separated at intervals W7
obstaculum n.neut obstacle W7
obstetrix, obstetricis n.fem midwife W7
obstinatus, obstinata, obstinatum adj obstinate LRC
obstinatus vb.ptc resolved W7
obstino, obstināre vb to be resolved W7
obsto, obstare vb to resist, hinder, oppose, stand in way W7
peristylum n.neut peristyle W7
persisto, persistere vb to remain, persist W7
postis n.masc door(post); organ of sight W7
prostituo, prostituere vb to expose, to prostitute W7
prostitutus vb.ptc prostituted W7
resisto, resistere vb to resist W7
restauro, restaurare vb to renew, rebuild W7
restitutus vb.ptc restored W7
resto, restare vb to rest, remain, stand back W7
sisto, sistere vb to stand, stop W7
solstitium n.neut solstice W7
stabiliō, stabilīre, stabilīvī, stabilītus vb to confirm, establish LRC
stabilis, stabilis, stabile adj stable LRC
stabulum n.neut stable GED
stāmen n.neut thread, warp in weaving GED
stans, stantis adj/vb.ptc standing W7
statim adv firmly, steadfastly; regularly, immediately CLD
statio, statiōnis n.fem station, guard, act of standing GED
stator n.masc one that stands W7
statua n.fem statue W7
statuo, statuere vb to set up W7
statura, staturae n.fem stature, height LRC
status n.masc state W7
status vb.ptc placed, standing GED
statutus, statutum vb.ptc decided W7
sterilis adj sterile W7
-stitium sfx suspension W7
sto, stāre, steti, statum vb to stand, abide LRC
stoicus adj re: Stoic philosophers W7
subsisto, subsistere vb to remain, come to a halt W7
substans, substantis adj/vb.ptc standing under, consisting of W7
substantia n.fem substance W7
substituo, substituere, substitui, substitūtum vb to substitute, put in place of W7
substo, substare vb to stand under, consist of W7
superstes, superstitis adj standing over (as witness/survivor) W7
superstitio, superstitionis n.fem superstition, prophesy W7
Vulgar Latin: arresto, arrestare vb to arrest W7
contrasto, contrastare vb to contrast, oppose W7
stantia n.fem a stay W7
stantico, stanticāre vb to stanch W7
staticum adj.neut standing still W7
Late Latin: apostasia n defection, apostasy AHD
ecstasis n.fem ecstasy W7
hypostasis n.fem hypostasis, settling, substance W7
interstitium n.neut interstice W7
metastasis n.fem transition W7
obsto, obstāre vb to ward off, be an obstacle W7
statutum n.neut law, regulation W7
subsisto, subsistere vb to exist W7
systema, systematis n.neut system W7
Middle Latin: arresto, arrestare vb.trans to arrest, restrain CDC
Medieval Latin: instans, instantis adj/vb.ptc standing W7
New Latin: armistitium n.neut armistice, truce W7
epistasis n.fem suppression of the effect of a gene W7
hypostasis n.fem something that settles at the bottom of a fluid W7
metastasis n.fem change of position, state or form W7
obstetricus adj relating to childbirth W7
prostata n.fem prostate gland W7
staticus adj immobile W7
statisticus adj of political facts and figures W7
Portuguese: armisticio n armistice CDC
arrestar vb.trans to arrest CDC
assistir vb to assist CDC
custar vb to cost TLL
Spanish: armisticio n armistice CDC
arrestar vb.trans to arrest CDC
asistir vb to assist CDC
costar vb to cost TLL
estado n state TLL
estancar vb to stanch TLL
Old French: apostasie n apostasy AHD
arest n arrest, delay, restraint CDC
arester vb.trans to arrest CDC
assister vb to assist AHD
conestable n.masc constable W7
destiner vb to destine W7
estable n.fem barn W7
estage n.masc stage W7
estance n.fem stay, prop W7
estanchon n.masc prop W7
estat n.masc estate, state W7
estorer vb to construct, restore, store W7
oster vb to take away, to oust away W7
restorer vb to restore, give back W7
solstice n.masc solstice W7
stature n.fem stature W7
statut n.masc statute, decision W7
substance n.fem substance W7
Anglo-French: ouster vb to expulse W7
Middle French: arester vb to rest, arrest W7
assister vb to help, stand by W7
circumstance n.fem circumstance W7
consist vb to consist W7
consister vb to consist W7
constant adj constant W7
contraster vb to oppose, resist W7
contrester vb to control W7
coster vb to cost W7
desister vb to desist W7
distant adj distant W7
establir vb to establish, settle (down) W7
estance n.fem position, posture, stay W7
estancher vb to quench W7
estanchon n.masc pond W7
ester vb to stand, stay W7
extasie n.fem ecstasy, delight W7
insister vb to insist W7
instant adj urging W7
obstacle n.masc obstacle W7
persister vb to persist W7
résister vb to resist W7
reste n.masc the rest W7
rester vb to remain W7
restive adj restive W7
station n.fem station, stop W7
statue n.fem statue W7
supersticion n.fem superstition, pagan belief W7
French: armistice n.masc armistice, final truce in war W7
arrêter vb.trans to arrest CDC
assister vb to help, stand by W7
contraster vb to contrast W7
coûter vb to cost TLL
diastase n.fem proteic catalyser R1/W7
étage n.masc floor, story LRC
étagère n.fem shelf W7
étamine n.fem stamen, muslin W7
étancher vb to stanch TLL
état n state TLL
interstice n.masc interstice, space in between W7
ôter vb to remove TLL
péristyle n.masc peristyle, space encircled by columns W7
Old Occitan: arrestar vb.trans to arrest CDC
Italian: armistizio n armistice CDC
arrestare vb.trans to arrest CDC
assistere vb to assist CDC
costare vb to cost TLL
stanza n.fem stance, room, habitation W7
Baltic  
Old Prussian: stalis n table GED
Lithuanian: pastõlas n stand (as for beehives) GED
stačiaĩ adv straight LRC
stãčias vb.ger standing GED
stãlas n table, workbench GED
statýti vb to place GED
statùs vb.ger standing GED
stomuõ n stature GED
stóti vb to stand (up), place oneself GED
stovà n place GED
stõvai n loom for weaving GED
stovėti vb to stand GED
stõvis n state GED
Latvian: atstāt, atstāju, atstāju vb to leave, depart, abandon LRC
stāli n loom GED
stāmen n body, torso GED
stāvēt, stāvu, stāvēju vb to stand LRC
stāvi n loom GED
stâvs n figure, standing GED
stāvs n.masc stature, figure, frame LRC
Slavic  
Old Slavic: stolŭ n seat, throne W7
Old Church Slavonic: po-statь n part, manner GED
stavъ n stand GED
stati, stanǫ, staneši vb to stand, place oneself LRC
stolъ n.masc seat, throne LRC
stojati vb to stand GED
Russian: staryĭ adj old W7
Albanian  
Albanian: shtetëror adj re: state LRC
shtet n.masc state LRC
shton vb to augment, increase LRC
Hellenic  
Doric: ἵστᾱμι vb to place, make to stand GED
Aeolic: στωία n hall with columns GED
Homeric Greek: ἱστός n.masc thing set upright: ship's mast, weaver's beam LS/W7
Greek: ἀνίστημι vb to rise LRC
ἀπίστημι vb to leave, depart LRC
ἀποκαθίστημι vb to restore LRC
apo-stasia n.fem revolt W7
a-statos adj unsteady W7
ἄ-στῡλος adj lit. without prop/pillar LS
aphistasthai vb to revolt W7
dia-stasis n.fem separation W7
δι-ίστημι vb to strive, separate LRC
ekstasis n.fem ecstasy W7
existanai vb to derange W7
ἐξίστημι vb to be amazed LRC
ἐπίσταμαι vb.dep to know LRC
epistasis n.fem act of stopping W7
ἕστηκα vb.perf to stand GED
ἔστην vb.aor stood GED
ephistanai vb to stop W7
ἐφίστημι vb to appear, stand up LRC
histanai vb to cause to stand W7
histasthai vb to stand W7
ἵστημι vb to put, place, (cause to) stand LRC
histion n.neut sail W7
kathistanai vb to set in order W7
katastasis n.fem settlement W7
methistanai vb to change W7
μεθίστημι vb to move LRC
metastasis n.fem metastasis W7
peristylos adj surrounded by a colonnade W7
proïstanai vb to put in front W7
prostatēs n.masc chief, leader W7
στάμνος n wine-jar GED
στάσις n.fem station; standing, stopping GED
-statēs afx standing still W7
statikos adj static, causing to stand W7
στατός adj placed, standing GED
staturos n.masc cross W7
stauros n.masc stake W7
στήμων n.masc thread, warp in weaving GED
στοά n.fem stoa, hall with columns GED
Stoa prop.n.fem Portico at Athens where Stoic philosophers taught W7
stylos n.masc pillar, column W7
stōïkos adj re: the Portico, Stoic philosphers W7
synistanai vb to combine W7
σύστημα n.neut system, composition, whole compounded of parts LS
hypostasis n.fem support, foundation, substance, sediment W7
hypostylos adj hypostyle W7
hyphistasthai vb to support, stand under W7
Late Greek: apostasia n defection AHD
stylitēs n.masc stylite, hermite living atop pillar W7
Medieval Greek: eikonostasis n.fem crisis about images W7
Anatolian  
Hittite: istanta- vb to stay, delay GED
istap(p)- vb to cover GED
tittanu- vb to set up GED
Armenian  
Armenian: stanam vb to acquire, buy at auction LRC
Iranian  
Avestan: hištaiti vb to stand GED
stāitiš n station GED
stū̆nā n.fem pillar GED
Indic  
Sanskrit: ásthām vb.past stood GED
tíṣṭhati vb to stand GED
sthavira adj stout, thick, broad W7
sthā́tar- n guide (of horses/wagons) GED
sthātár- adj re: that which endures, is firm GED
sthātrám n location, abode GED
sthā́ma n.neut position, strength GED
sthitás adj placed, standing GED
sthítiṣ n station GED
sthitíṣ n station GED
sthū́ṇā n pillar GED
sthūra adj stout, thick, broad W7
sthūrás adj big GED
Tocharian  
Tocharian B: stām n tree GED
stāre vb.3.pl are GED
ste vb.3.sg is GED
Tocharian A: ṣtām n tree GED

 

Key to Part-of-Speech/Grammatical feature abbreviations:

Abbrev. Meaning
1=1st person
3=3rd person
I=class 1
VI=class 6
adj=adjective
adv=adverb(ial)
afx=affix
aor=aorist (tense)
cont=contraction
dep=deponent
fem=feminine (gender)
ger=gerund(ive)
intrans=intransitive
masc=masculine (gender)
n=noun
neut=neuter (gender)
past=past (tense)
perf=perfect (aspect)
pfx=prefix
pl=plural (number)
pres=present (tense)
prop=proper
ptc=participle
sfx=suffix
sg=singular (number)
str=strong (inflection)
trans=transitive
vb=verb
wk=weak (inflection)

Key to information Source codes (always with 'LRC' as editor):

Code Citation
AHD=Calvert Watkins: The American Heritage Dictionary of Indo-European Roots, 2nd ed. (2000)
ASD=Joseph Bosworth and T. Northcote Toller: An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary (1898)
CDC=W.D. Whitney and B.E. Smith: The Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia (1889-1911)
CGo=MacDonald Stearns, Jr: Crimean Gothic (1978)
CLD=Cassell's Latin Dictionary (1959, rev. 1968)
GED=Winfred P. Lehmann: A Gothic Etymological Dictionary (1986)
IEW=Julius Pokorny: Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (1959)
KNW=Gerhard Köbler: Altnordisches Wörterbuch, 2nd ed. (2003)
LRC=Linguistics Research Center, University of Texas, Austin
LS=Liddell and Scott: Greek-English Lexicon, 7th-9th ed's (1882-1940), rev.
R1=Josette Rey-Debove and Alain Rey, eds. Le Nouveau Petit Robert (1993)
TLL=Frederick Bodmer: The Loom of Language (1944)
W7=Webster's Seventh New Collegiate Dictionary (1963)

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