Indo-European Lexicon
PIE Etymon and IE Reflexes
Below we display: a Proto-Indo-European (PIE) etymon adapted from Pokorny, with our own English gloss; our Semantic Field assignment(s) for the etymon, linked to information about the field(s); an optional Comment; and Reflexes (derived words) in various Indo-European languages, organized by family/group in west-to-east order where Germanic is split into West/North/East families and English, our language of primary emphasis, is artificially separated from West Germanic. IE Reflexes appear most often as single words with any optional letter(s) enclosed in parentheses; but alternative full spellings are separated by '/' and "principal parts" appear in a standard order (e.g. masculine, feminine, and neuter forms) separated by commas.
Reflexes are annotated with: Part-of-Speech and/or other Grammatical feature(s); a short Gloss which, especially for modern English reflexes, may be confined to the oldest sense; and some Source citation(s) with 'LRC' always understood as editor. Keys to PoS/Gram feature abbreviations and Source codes appear below the reflexes; at the end are links to the previous/next etyma [in Pokorny's alphabetic order] that have reflexes.
All reflex pages are currently under active construction; as time goes on, corrections may be made and/or more etyma & reflexes may be added.
Pokorny Etymon: tegu- 'thick, fat'
Semantic Field(s): Thick (in Dimension)
Indo-European Reflexes:
| Family/Language | Reflex(es) | PoS/Gram. | Gloss | Source(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Celtic | ||||
| Old Irish: | tiug | adj | thick | RPN |
| Welsh: | tew | adj | thick, fat | RPN |
| English | ||||
| Old English: | þicce | adj | thick, dense, solid | RPN |
| þiccol, þiccul | adj | fat, corpulent | RPN | |
| þicnes | n.fem | thickness, denseness | RPN | |
| Middle English: | thikke | adj | thick | W7 |
| English: | thick | adj | re: great depth/extent | AHD/W7 |
| thickness | n | state/quality of being thick | W7 | |
| West Germanic | ||||
| Old Frisian: | thikke | adj | thick | ASD |
| Old Saxon: | thikki | adj | thick | ASD |
| Old High German: | dicki, dicchi | adj | thick, dense, crowded, muscular | ASD/W7 |
| diknissa | n.fem | thickness | ASD | |
| Middle High German: | dic(ke) | adj | thick, close together | RPN |
| German: | dick | adj | thick, fat | LRC |
| North Germanic | ||||
| Old Icelandic: | þykkr | adj | thick, stout | RPN |
| Icelandic: | þykkr | adj | thick | ASD |
| Swedish: | tjock | adj | thick | TLL |
Key to Part-of-Speech/Grammatical feature abbreviations:
| Abbrev. | Meaning | |
|---|---|---|
| adj | = | adjective |
| fem | = | feminine (gender) |
| n | = | noun |
Key to information Source codes (always with 'LRC' as editor):
| Code | Citation | |
|---|---|---|
| AHD | = | Calvert Watkins: The American Heritage Dictionary of Indo-European Roots, 2nd ed. (2000) |
| ASD | = | Joseph Bosworth and T. Northcote Toller: An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary (1898) |
| LRC | = | Linguistics Research Center, University of Texas, Austin |
| RPN | = | Allan R. Bomhard: Reconstructing Proto-Nostratic (2002) |
| TLL | = | Frederick Bodmer: The Loom of Language (1944) |
| W7 | = | Webster's Seventh New Collegiate Dictionary (1963) |
