Indo-European Lexicon
PIE Etymon and IE Reflexes
Below we display: a Proto-Indo-European (PIE) etymon adapted from Pokorny, with our own English gloss; our Semantic Field assignment(s) for the etymon, linked to information about the field(s); an optional Comment; and Reflexes (derived words) in various Indo-European languages, organized by family/group in west-to-east order where Germanic is split into West/North/East families and English, our language of primary emphasis, is artificially separated from West Germanic. IE Reflexes appear most often as single words with any optional letter(s) enclosed in parentheses; but alternative full spellings are separated by '/' and "principal parts" appear in a standard order (e.g. masculine, feminine, and neuter forms) separated by commas.
Reflexes are annotated with: Part-of-Speech and/or other Grammatical feature(s); a short Gloss which, especially for modern English reflexes, may be confined to the oldest sense; and some Source citation(s) with 'LRC' always understood as editor. Keys to PoS/Gram feature abbreviations and Source codes appear below the reflexes; at the end are links to the previous/next etyma [in Pokorny's alphabetic order] that have reflexes.
All reflex pages are currently under active construction; as time goes on, corrections may be made and/or more etyma & reflexes may be added.
Pokorny Etymon: 2. am-, mē- 'to mow'
Semantic Field(s): to Mow, Reap
Indo-European Reflexes:
Family/Language | Reflex(es) | PoS/Gram. | Gloss | Source(s) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Celtic | ||||
Old Irish: | meithleōrai | n | party of reapers | LRC |
Irish: | meithle | n | reaping, reapers | CDC |
English | ||||
Old English: | māwan | vb.str | to mow | ASD/CDC |
mūga, mūha, mūwa | n.masc | mow | ASD/CDC | |
Middle English: | mowe | n | mow | CDC |
mowen, mawen | vb | to mow | CDC | |
English: | mow | n | heap/pile of hay; barn area storing same | CDC |
mow | vb | to reap, cut down (grasses) | W7 | |
West Germanic | ||||
Old Frisian: | mēa | vb | to mow | CDC |
Dutch: | maaijen | vb | to mow | CDC |
Middle Low German: | meien, meigen, mēgen | vb | to mow | CDC |
Low German: | maien, meien | vb | to mow | CDC |
Old High German: | mājan, mā(a)n | vb | to mow | CDC |
mēn | vb | to mow | LRC | |
Middle High German: | mæjen, mægen, mewen | vb | to mow | CDC |
German: | mähen | vb | to mow | CDC |
North Germanic | ||||
Icelandic: | mūgr, mūgi | n | mow, swath | CDC |
Norwegian: | mu(g)a, mue | n | mow | CDC |
Danish: | meie | vb | to mow | CDC |
Swedish: | meja | vb | to mow | CDC |
muga, muva | n | mow | CDC | |
Italic | ||||
Latin: | metō, metere | vb | to mow, harvest | LRC |
Hellenic | ||||
Greek: | ἀμᾶν | vb | to mow | CDC |
Key to Part-of-Speech/Grammatical feature abbreviations:
Abbrev. | Meaning | |
---|---|---|
masc | = | masculine (gender) |
n | = | noun |
str | = | strong (inflection) |
vb | = | verb |
Key to information Source codes (always with 'LRC' as editor):
Code | Citation | |
---|---|---|
ASD | = | Joseph Bosworth and T. Northcote Toller: An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary (1898) |
CDC | = | W.D. Whitney and B.E. Smith: The Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia (1889-1911) |
LRC | = | Linguistics Research Center, University of Texas, Austin |
W7 | = | Webster's Seventh New Collegiate Dictionary (1963) |