Indo-European Lexicon

PIE Etymon and IE Reflexes

Below we display: a Proto-Indo-European (PIE) etymon adapted from Pokorny, with our own English gloss; our Semantic Field assignment(s) for the etymon, linked to information about the field(s); an optional Comment; and Reflexes (derived words) in various Indo-European languages, organized by family/group in west-to-east order where Germanic is split into West/North/East families and English, our language of primary emphasis, is artificially separated from West Germanic. IE Reflexes appear most often as single words with any optional letter(s) enclosed in parentheses; but alternative full spellings are separated by '/' and "principal parts" appear in a standard order (e.g. masculine, feminine, and neuter forms) separated by commas.

Reflexes are annotated with: Part-of-Speech and/or other Grammatical feature(s); a short Gloss which, especially for modern English reflexes, may be confined to the oldest sense; and some Source citation(s) with 'LRC' always understood as editor. Keys to PoS/Gram feature abbreviations and Source codes appear below the reflexes; at the end are links to the previous/next etyma [in Pokorny's alphabetic order] that have reflexes.

All reflex pages are currently under active construction; as time goes on, corrections may be made and/or more etyma & reflexes may be added.

Pokorny Etymon: ario-?   'host, lord, master'

Semantic Field(s): Host, Master

 

Indo-European Reflexes:

Family/Language Reflex(es) PoS/Gram. Gloss Source(s)
English  
English: Aryan prop.n/adj Iran; Indo-Iranian, Indo-European LRC
Iran n Persia, country in SW Asia W7
Iranian adj re: Iran CDC
West Germanic  
German: Arier(in) n.masc/fem Aryan LRC
Italic  
Latin: Arianus adj/n Aryan; re: Ariana/Aria CDC
Hellenic  
Greek: Ἀρ(ε)ία, Ἄρια n/adj Aryan, (re:) eastern part of ancient Persia CDC
Iranian  
Old Persian: Ariya n/adj Aryan CDC
Persian: Īrān n Iran CDC
Avestan: Airya n/adj Aryan CDC
Indic  
Sanskrit: ārya n/adj Aryan; noble, Sanskrit-speaking CDC/W7

 

Key to Part-of-Speech/Grammatical feature abbreviations:

Abbrev. Meaning
adj=adjective
fem=feminine (gender)
masc=masculine (gender)
n=noun
prop=proper

Key to information Source codes (always with 'LRC' as editor):

Code Citation
CDC=W.D. Whitney and B.E. Smith: The Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia (1889-1911)
LRC=Linguistics Research Center, University of Texas, Austin
W7=Webster's Seventh New Collegiate Dictionary (1963)

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