Indo-European Lexicon

PIE Etymon and IE Reflexes

Below we display: a Proto-Indo-European (PIE) etymon adapted from Pokorny, with our own English gloss; our Semantic Field assignment(s) for the etymon, linked to information about the field(s); an optional Comment; and Reflexes (derived words) in various Indo-European languages, organized by family/group in west-to-east order where Germanic is split into West/North/East families and English, our language of primary emphasis, is artificially separated from West Germanic. IE Reflexes appear most often as single words with any optional letter(s) enclosed in parentheses; but alternative full spellings are separated by '/' and "principal parts" appear in a standard order (e.g. masculine, feminine, and neuter forms) separated by commas.

Reflexes are annotated with: Part-of-Speech and/or other Grammatical feature(s); a short Gloss which, especially for modern English reflexes, may be confined to the oldest sense; and some Source citation(s) with 'LRC' always understood as editor. Keys to PoS/Gram feature abbreviations and Source codes appear below the reflexes; at the end are links to the previous/next etyma [in Pokorny's alphabetic order] that have reflexes.

All reflex pages are currently under active construction; as time goes on, corrections may be made and/or more etyma & reflexes may be added.

Pokorny Etymon: 10. au̯(e)-, au̯ē(i)-, u̯ē-   'to vent, blow'

Semantic Field(s): to Blow

 

Indo-European Reflexes:

Family/Language Reflex(es) PoS/Gram. Gloss Source(s)
Celtic  
Breton: guent n wind GED
Welsh: gwynt n wind GED
English  
Old English: wāwan vb.wk to blow GED
weder n.neut weather; wind, storm W7
wind n.str.masc wind GED
windwian vb.wk to fan, winnow GED
Middle English: ventail n ventail W7
venten vb to vent W7
weder n weather W7
wind, wynd n wind CDC
winewen vb to winnow W7
English: vent vb.trans to provide outlet/passage AHD/W7
ventail n lower movable front of medieval helmet AHD/W7
ventilate vb.trans to expose, discuss/examine/investigate freely/openly AHD/W7
weather n state of atmosphere (w.r.t. heat/cold, calm/storm, wetness/dryness) AHD/W7
Weathertop prop.n windy hill in Tolkien: The Lord of the Rings LRC
wind n air in natural motion CDC
Windfola prop.n Eowyn's horse in Tolkien: The Lord of the Rings LRC
Windlord prop.n eagle a.k.a. Gwaihir in Tolkien: The Lord of the Rings LRC
winnow vb to sift/remove/separate via air current IEW
West Germanic  
Old Frisian: wāia vb.wk to blow GED
weder n.neut weather, condition ASD
wind n.str.masc wind GED
Middle Dutch: wāien vb.wk to blow GED
Dutch: weer n weather TLL
wind n wind CDC
Old Saxon: wedar n.neut storm, weather ASD
wind n.str.masc wind GED
Middle Low German: weien vb.wk to blow GED
Low German: wind n wind CDC
Old High German: wadal n.masc winnowing fan/basket GED
wāen vb.wk to blow GED
wājan vb to blow, breathe ASD
wanna n.fem fan GED
wedil n.masc winnowing fan/basket GED
wetar n.neut weather, condition ASD/W7
wint n.str.masc wind GED
winta n.str.fem winnowing shovel GED
wintōn vb.wk to winnow GED
wint-scūvala n.str.fem winnowing shovel GED
German: wehen vb to blow CDC
Wetter n.neut weather LRC
Wind n.masc wind CDC
North Germanic  
Old Icelandic: vindr n.str.masc wind GED
Icelandic: veðr n.neut weather, condition ASD
vindr n.masc wind ASD
Danish: vejr n weather TLL
vind n wind CDC
Old Swedish: vīa vb.wk to blow GED
Swedish: vind n wind CDC
väder n weather TLL
East Germanic  
Gothic: *dis-winþjan vb.wk.I to crush GED
*waian vb.str.VII to blow GED
winds, winþs n.masc wind CDC/GED
Crimean Gothic: *wintch, vvintch n.str.masc wind CGo/GED
Italic  
Latin: vannus n.fem winnowing fan/basket GED
ventilābrum n.neut winnowing shovel GED
ventilātus vb.ptc vented W7
ventilō, ventilāre vb to vent, fan, winnow GED
ventulus n.masc.dim light wind W7
ventus n.masc wind GED
Middle French: esventer vb to expose to air W7
vent n.masc wind W7
ventaille n.fem wind W7
French: vent n.masc wind W7
Baltic  
Old Prussian: wetro n wind GED
Lithuanian: vėjas n wind GED
vėtỹklė n winnowing shovel GED
vėtyti vb to winnow GED
vėtra n storm GED
Latvian: vẽjš n wind GED
Slavic  
Old Slavic: vetrŭ n wind W7
Old Church Slavonic: větrъ n storm GED
vějati vb to blow GED
Russian: vieiate vb to blow CDC
victerŭ n wind CDC
Hellenic  
Greek: ἄημα n.neut wind, gale, blast GED/IEW
αἵνω vb to winnow GED
ἀτμίς n.fem steam, vapor LRC
ἀυτμή n breath GED/IEW
ἄ(Ϝ)ησι vb to blow GED
Anatolian  
Hittite: huu̯ai- vb to run, flee GED
huu̯ant- n wind GED
Iranian  
Avestan: vāiti vb to blow GED
vātō n wind GED
vayuš n wind GED
Indic  
Sanskrit: vā́tas n wind GED
vā́ti vb to blow GED
vā́nt- vb.pres.ptc blowing GED
vāyuṣ n wind GED
Tocharian  
Tocharian B: yente n wind GED
Tocharian A: wänt n wind GED

 

Key to Part-of-Speech/Grammatical feature abbreviations:

Abbrev. Meaning
I=class 1
VII=class 7
dim=diminutive
fem=feminine (gender)
masc=masculine (gender)
n=noun
neut=neuter (gender)
pres=present (tense)
prop=proper
ptc=participle
str=strong (inflection)
trans=transitive
vb=verb
wk=weak (inflection)

Key to information Source codes (always with 'LRC' as editor):

Code Citation
AHD=Calvert Watkins: The American Heritage Dictionary of Indo-European Roots, 2nd ed. (2000)
ASD=Joseph Bosworth and T. Northcote Toller: An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary (1898)
CDC=W.D. Whitney and B.E. Smith: The Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia (1889-1911)
CGo=MacDonald Stearns, Jr: Crimean Gothic (1978)
GED=Winfred P. Lehmann: A Gothic Etymological Dictionary (1986)
IEW=Julius Pokorny: Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (1959)
LRC=Linguistics Research Center, University of Texas, Austin
TLL=Frederick Bodmer: The Loom of Language (1944)
W7=Webster's Seventh New Collegiate Dictionary (1963)

Nearby etymon:    previous   |   next


  • Linguistics Research Center

    University of Texas at Austin
    PCL 5.556
    Mailcode S5490
    Austin, Texas 78712
    512-471-4566

  • For comments and inquiries, or to report issues, please contact the Web Master at UTLRC@utexas.edu