Indo-European Lexicon
PIE Etymon and IE Reflexes
Below we display: a Proto-Indo-European (PIE) etymon adapted from Pokorny, with our own English gloss; our Semantic Field assignment(s) for the etymon, linked to information about the field(s); an optional Comment; and Reflexes (derived words) in various Indo-European languages, organized by family/group in west-to-east order where Germanic is split into West/North/East families and English, our language of primary emphasis, is artificially separated from West Germanic. IE Reflexes appear most often as single words with any optional letter(s) enclosed in parentheses; but alternative full spellings are separated by '/' and "principal parts" appear in a standard order (e.g. masculine, feminine, and neuter forms) separated by commas.
Reflexes are annotated with: Part-of-Speech and/or other Grammatical feature(s); a short Gloss which, especially for modern English reflexes, may be confined to the oldest sense; and some Source citation(s) with 'LRC' always understood as editor. Keys to PoS/Gram feature abbreviations and Source codes appear below the reflexes; at the end are links to the previous/next etyma [in Pokorny's alphabetic order] that have reflexes.
All reflex pages are currently under active construction; as time goes on, corrections may be made and/or more etyma & reflexes may be added.
Pokorny Etymon: bhabhā 'bean'
Semantic Field(s): Bean
Indo-European Reflexes:
| Family/Language | Reflex(es) | PoS/Gram. | Gloss | Source(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Celtic | ||||
| Welsh: | ffaen | n | bean | CDC |
| English | ||||
| Old English: | bēan, biēn | n.fem | bean | ASD/IEW |
| Middle English: | ben(e) | n | bean | CDC |
| English: | Bamfurlong | prop.n | farm name in Tolkien: The Lord of the Rings | LRC |
| bean | n | edible seed borne by legumes | AHD/W7 | |
| favela | n | slum, shantytown | AHD | |
| phacoemulsification | n | cataract surgery via ultrasonic lens fragmentation | AHD | |
| West Germanic | ||||
| Dutch: | boon | n.fem | bean | CDC |
| Middle Low German: | bone | n | bean | CDC |
| Old High German: | bōna, pōna | n.fem | bean | ASD/W7 |
| Middle High German: | bōne | n.fem | bean | CDC |
| German: | Bohne | n.fem | bean | CDC |
| North Germanic | ||||
| Old Norse: | baun | n.fem | bean | IEW |
| Icelandic: | baun | n | bean | CDC |
| Danish: | bönne | n.fem | bean | CDC |
| Swedish: | böna | n.fem | bean | CDC |
| Italic | ||||
| Latin: | faba | n.fem | bean | CDC |
| Portuguese: | fava | n | bean | TLL |
| favela | n.dim | favela | AHD | |
| Spanish: | haba | n | bean | TLL |
| French: | fève | n | bean | TLL |
| Italian: | fava | n | bean | TLL |
| Baltic | ||||
| Old Prussian: | babo | n | bean | CDC |
| Slavic | ||||
| Old Church Slavonic: | bobŭ | n | bean | CDC |
| Russian: | bobŭ | n | bean | CDC |
Key to Part-of-Speech/Grammatical feature abbreviations:
| Abbrev. | Meaning | |
|---|---|---|
| dim | = | diminutive |
| fem | = | feminine (gender) |
| n | = | noun |
| prop | = | proper |
Key to information Source codes (always with 'LRC' as editor):
| Code | Citation | |
|---|---|---|
| AHD | = | Calvert Watkins: The American Heritage Dictionary of Indo-European Roots, 2nd ed. (2000) |
| ASD | = | Joseph Bosworth and T. Northcote Toller: An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary (1898) |
| CDC | = | W.D. Whitney and B.E. Smith: The Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia (1889-1911) |
| IEW | = | Julius Pokorny: Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (1959) |
| LRC | = | Linguistics Research Center, University of Texas, Austin |
| TLL | = | Frederick Bodmer: The Loom of Language (1944) |
| W7 | = | Webster's Seventh New Collegiate Dictionary (1963) |
