Indo-European Lexicon
PIE Etymon and IE Reflexes
Below we display: a Proto-Indo-European (PIE) etymon adapted from Pokorny, with our own English gloss; our Semantic Field assignment(s) for the etymon, linked to information about the field(s); an optional Comment; and Reflexes (derived words) in various Indo-European languages, organized by family/group in west-to-east order where Germanic is split into West/North/East families and English, our language of primary emphasis, is artificially separated from West Germanic. IE Reflexes appear most often as single words with any optional letter(s) enclosed in parentheses; but alternative full spellings are separated by '/' and "principal parts" appear in a standard order (e.g. masculine, feminine, and neuter forms) separated by commas.
Reflexes are annotated with: Part-of-Speech and/or other Grammatical feature(s); a short Gloss which, especially for modern English reflexes, may be confined to the oldest sense; and some Source citation(s) with 'LRC' always understood as editor. Keys to PoS/Gram feature abbreviations and Source codes appear below the reflexes; at the end are links to the previous/next etyma [in Pokorny's alphabetic order] that have reflexes.
All reflex pages are currently under active construction; as time goes on, corrections may be made and/or more etyma & reflexes may be added.
Pokorny Etymon: k̑ens- 'to announce, proclaim, speak formally'
Semantic Field(s): to Speak, Talk
Indo-European Reflexes:
| Family/Language | Reflex(es) | PoS/Gram. | Gloss | Source(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| English | ||||
| English: | Cassandra | prop.n | daughter of King Priam of Troy (Greek mythology) | LRC |
| censor | n | early Roman magistrate: assessor, census taker, inspector of morals/conduct | AHD/W7 | |
| census | n | early Roman population count/property evaluation | AHD/W7 | |
| recension | n | critical revision of text | AHD/W7 | |
| West Germanic | ||||
| German: | zensieren | vb | to censor | LRC |
| Zensor | n.masc | censor | LRC | |
| Italic | ||||
| Latin: | Cassandra | prop.n.fem | Cassandra | W7 |
| censeo, censēre | vb | to assess, tax | W7 | |
| censor | n.masc | censor | W7 | |
| census | n.masc | census | W7 | |
| recenseo, recensēre | vb | to review | W7 | |
| recensio, recensionis | n.fem | enumeration | W7 | |
| Hellenic | ||||
| Greek: | Kassandra | prop.n.fem | Cassandra | W7 |
| Indic | ||||
| Sanskrit: | śaṁsati | vb | to recite | W7 |
Key to Part-of-Speech/Grammatical feature abbreviations:
| Abbrev. | Meaning | |
|---|---|---|
| fem | = | feminine (gender) |
| masc | = | masculine (gender) |
| n | = | noun |
| prop | = | proper |
| vb | = | verb |
Key to information Source codes (always with 'LRC' as editor):
| Code | Citation | |
|---|---|---|
| AHD | = | Calvert Watkins: The American Heritage Dictionary of Indo-European Roots, 2nd ed. (2000) |
| LRC | = | Linguistics Research Center, University of Texas, Austin |
| W7 | = | Webster's Seventh New Collegiate Dictionary (1963) |
