Indo-European Lexicon
PIE Etymon and IE Reflexes
Below we display: a Proto-Indo-European (PIE) etymon adapted from Pokorny, with our own English gloss; our Semantic Field assignment(s) for the etymon, linked to information about the field(s); an optional Comment; and Reflexes (derived words) in various Indo-European languages, organized by family/group in west-to-east order where Germanic is split into West/North/East families and English, our language of primary emphasis, is artificially separated from West Germanic. IE Reflexes appear most often as single words with any optional letter(s) enclosed in parentheses; but alternative full spellings are separated by '/' and "principal parts" appear in a standard order (e.g. masculine, feminine, and neuter forms) separated by commas.
Reflexes are annotated with: Part-of-Speech and/or other Grammatical feature(s); a short Gloss which, especially for modern English reflexes, may be confined to the oldest sense; and some Source citation(s) with 'LRC' always understood as editor. Keys to PoS/Gram feature abbreviations and Source codes appear below the reflexes; at the end are links to the previous/next etyma [in Pokorny's alphabetic order] that have reflexes.
All reflex pages are currently under active construction; as time goes on, corrections may be made and/or more etyma & reflexes may be added.
Pokorny Etymon: 2. lē(i)- 'to grant/acquire possession'
Semantic Field(s): to Give, to Take
Indo-European Reflexes:
| Family/Language | Reflex(es) | PoS/Gram. | Gloss | Source(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| English | ||||
| Old English: | unlǣd | adj | poor, wicked | ASD/W7 |
| Middle English: | idolatrer | n | idolater | W7 |
| larceny | n | larceny | W7 | |
| -latrie | n.sfx | -latry | W7 | |
| English: | idolater | n | idol worshiper | AHD/W7 |
| larceny | n | theft, unlawfully taking/carrying away personal property | AHD/W7 | |
| -latry | n.sfx | worship | AHD/W7 | |
| East Germanic | ||||
| Gothic: | un-lēds | adj | poor | ASD |
| Italic | ||||
| Latin: | latro, latronis | n.masc | thief, mercenary soldier | W7 |
| latrocinium | n.neut | robbery | W7 | |
| Late Latin: | idololatres | n.masc.pl | pagans, idolaters | W7 |
| -latria | n.sfx | adoration | W7 | |
| Old French: | -latrie | n.sfx | worship | W7 |
| Middle French: | idolâtre | adj | re: idolater | W7 |
| larcin | n.masc | larceny | W7 | |
| Hellenic | ||||
| Greek: | eidōlolatrēs | n.masc | idolater | W7 |
| eidōlon | n.neut | image, portrait | W7 | |
| λατρεία | n.fem | service, servitude | LRC | |
| λατρεύω | vb | to serve | LRC | |
| λάτρον | n.neut | pay, hire | LRC | |
Key to Part-of-Speech/Grammatical feature abbreviations:
| Abbrev. | Meaning | |
|---|---|---|
| adj | = | adjective |
| fem | = | feminine (gender) |
| masc | = | masculine (gender) |
| n | = | noun |
| neut | = | neuter (gender) |
| pl | = | plural (number) |
| sfx | = | suffix |
| vb | = | verb |
Key to information Source codes (always with 'LRC' as editor):
| Code | Citation | |
|---|---|---|
| AHD | = | Calvert Watkins: The American Heritage Dictionary of Indo-European Roots, 2nd ed. (2000) |
| ASD | = | Joseph Bosworth and T. Northcote Toller: An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary (1898) |
| LRC | = | Linguistics Research Center, University of Texas, Austin |
| W7 | = | Webster's Seventh New Collegiate Dictionary (1963) |
