Indo-European Lexicon
PIE Etymon and IE Reflexes
Below we display: a Proto-Indo-European (PIE) etymon adapted from Pokorny, with our own English gloss; our Semantic Field assignment(s) for the etymon, linked to information about the field(s); an optional Comment; and Reflexes (derived words) in various Indo-European languages, organized by family/group in west-to-east order where Germanic is split into West/North/East families and English, our language of primary emphasis, is artificially separated from West Germanic. IE Reflexes appear most often as single words with any optional letter(s) enclosed in parentheses; but alternative full spellings are separated by '/' and "principal parts" appear in a standard order (e.g. masculine, feminine, and neuter forms) separated by commas.
Reflexes are annotated with: Part-of-Speech and/or other Grammatical feature(s); a short Gloss which, especially for modern English reflexes, may be confined to the oldest sense; and some Source citation(s) with 'LRC' always understood as editor. Keys to PoS/Gram feature abbreviations and Source codes appear below the reflexes; at the end are links to the previous/next etyma [in Pokorny's alphabetic order] that have reflexes.
All reflex pages are currently under active construction; as time goes on, corrections may be made and/or more etyma & reflexes may be added.
Pokorny Etymon: 1. reg-, and sreg-? 'to dye'
Semantic Field(s): to Dye
Indo-European Reflexes:
| Family/Language | Reflex(es) | PoS/Gram. | Gloss | Source(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| English | ||||
| English: | lac | n | resinous substance secreted by scale insects | AHD/W7 |
| lacquer | n | shellac, varnish | W7 | |
| lake | n | purplish red pigment made from lac/cochineal | AHD/W7 | |
| raga | n | melodic mode/pattern in India | AHD/W7 | |
| regolith | n | mantlerock | AHD/W7 | |
| West Germanic | ||||
| German: | Lack | n.masc | lac, lacquer, enamel | LRC |
| lackieren | vb | to apply lacquer/enamel | LRC | |
| Italic | ||||
| French: | laqer | vb | to apply lacquer/enamel | LRC |
| laque | n.fem | lac, lacquer, enamel | W7 | |
| Old Provençal: | laca | n | lac, lacquer | W7 |
| Hellenic | ||||
| Homeric Greek: | ῥῆγος | n | rug, blanket | LRC |
| Iranian | ||||
| Persian: | lak | n | lac | W7 |
| Indic | ||||
| Sanskrit: | rāgaḥ | n | red, tone, color | AHD |
| lākṣā | n | lac | W7 | |
| Hindi: | lākh | n | lac | W7 |
Key to Part-of-Speech/Grammatical feature abbreviations:
| Abbrev. | Meaning | |
|---|---|---|
| fem | = | feminine (gender) |
| masc | = | masculine (gender) |
| n | = | noun |
| vb | = | verb |
Key to information Source codes (always with 'LRC' as editor):
| Code | Citation | |
|---|---|---|
| AHD | = | Calvert Watkins: The American Heritage Dictionary of Indo-European Roots, 2nd ed. (2000) |
| LRC | = | Linguistics Research Center, University of Texas, Austin |
| W7 | = | Webster's Seventh New Collegiate Dictionary (1963) |
