Indo-European Lexicon
PIE Etymon and IE Reflexes
Below we display: a Proto-Indo-European (PIE) etymon adapted from Pokorny, with our own English gloss; our Semantic Field assignment(s) for the etymon, linked to information about the field(s); an optional Comment; and Reflexes (derived words) in various Indo-European languages, organized by family/group in west-to-east order where Germanic is split into West/North/East families and English, our language of primary emphasis, is artificially separated from West Germanic. IE Reflexes appear most often as single words with any optional letter(s) enclosed in parentheses; but alternative full spellings are separated by '/' and "principal parts" appear in a standard order (e.g. masculine, feminine, and neuter forms) separated by commas.
Reflexes are annotated with: Part-of-Speech and/or other Grammatical feature(s); a short Gloss which, especially for modern English reflexes, may be confined to the oldest sense; and some Source citation(s) with 'LRC' always understood as editor. Keys to PoS/Gram feature abbreviations and Source codes appear below the reflexes; at the end are links to the previous/next etyma [in Pokorny's alphabetic order] that have reflexes.
All reflex pages are currently under active construction; as time goes on, corrections may be made and/or more etyma & reflexes may be added.
Pokorny Etymon: (s)nerb- 'to cut?'
Semantic Field(s): to Cut
Indo-European Reflexes:
| Family/Language | Reflex(es) | PoS/Gram. | Gloss | Source(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| West Germanic | ||||
| Dutch: | snerpen | vb | to burn, smart (of a wound) | GED |
| Thuringian: | schnurpen | vb | to bite gnashingly | GED |
| Old High German: | snerfan | vb.trans | to pull together | GED |
| Early New High German: | schnarpeln | vb | to bite gnashingly | GED |
| German: | schnarp(f)en | vb | to bite gnashingly | GED |
| North Germanic | ||||
| Old Icelandic: | snarpr | adj | sharp | GED |
| snerpa | vb.wk | to sharpen | GED | |
| East Germanic | ||||
| Gothic: | *at-snarpjan | vb.wk.I | to grasp, touch | GED/IEW |
| Hellenic | ||||
| Hesychius' Greek Lexicon: | νορβεῖ | vb | to cut in | GED |
| Greek: | νάρκη | n.fem | numbness, stiffness, contraction | GED |
| νορβά | n | tumor | GED | |
| Armenian | ||||
| Armenian: | nergev | adj | thin, pulled together | GED |
Key to Part-of-Speech/Grammatical feature abbreviations:
| Abbrev. | Meaning | |
|---|---|---|
| I | = | class 1 |
| adj | = | adjective |
| fem | = | feminine (gender) |
| n | = | noun |
| trans | = | transitive |
| vb | = | verb |
| wk | = | weak (inflection) |
Key to information Source codes (always with 'LRC' as editor):
| Code | Citation | |
|---|---|---|
| GED | = | Winfred P. Lehmann: A Gothic Etymological Dictionary (1986) |
| IEW | = | Julius Pokorny: Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (1959) |
