Indo-European Lexicon
PIE Etymon and IE Reflexes
Below we display: a Proto-Indo-European (PIE) etymon adapted from Pokorny, with our own English gloss; our Semantic Field assignment(s) for the etymon, linked to information about the field(s); an optional Comment; and Reflexes (derived words) in various Indo-European languages, organized by family/group in west-to-east order where Germanic is split into West/North/East families and English, our language of primary emphasis, is artificially separated from West Germanic. IE Reflexes appear most often as single words with any optional letter(s) enclosed in parentheses; but alternative full spellings are separated by '/' and "principal parts" appear in a standard order (e.g. masculine, feminine, and neuter forms) separated by commas.
Reflexes are annotated with: Part-of-Speech and/or other Grammatical feature(s); a short Gloss which, especially for modern English reflexes, may be confined to the oldest sense; and some Source citation(s) with 'LRC' always understood as editor. Keys to PoS/Gram feature abbreviations and Source codes appear below the reflexes; at the end are links to the previous/next etyma [in Pokorny's alphabetic order] that have reflexes.
All reflex pages are currently under active construction; as time goes on, corrections may be made and/or more etyma & reflexes may be added.
Pokorny Etymon: sneubh- 'to woo, marry'
Semantic Field(s): to Wed, Marry
Indo-European Reflexes:
| Family/Language | Reflex(es) | PoS/Gram. | Gloss | Source(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| English | ||||
| Middle English: | nimphe | n | nymph | W7 |
| English: | connubial | adj | conjugal, re: (state of) marriage | AHD/W7 |
| nubile | adj | of marriageable age/condition | AHD/W7 | |
| nuptial | adj | re: wedding, marriage (ceremony) | AHD/W7 | |
| nuptials | n.pl | wedding, marriage | W7 | |
| nymph | n | minor nature divinity represented as beautiful maiden | AHD/W7 | |
| nympholepsy | n | frenzy/ecstasy thought to be induced by nymphs | AHD | |
| nympholept | n | one in state of nympholepsy | AHD | |
| West Germanic | ||||
| German: | Nymphe | n.fem | nymph | LRC |
| Italic | ||||
| Latin: | connūbium, cōnūbium | n.neut | wedding, marriage | W7 |
| cōnūbiālis | adj | connubial | W7 | |
| nubilis | adj | nubile | W7 | |
| nūbo, nūbere, nupsi, nuptum | vb | to wed, marry | W7 | |
| nuptiae | n.fem.pl | nuptials | W7 | |
| nuptialis | adj | nuptial | W7 | |
| nympha | n.fem | nymph, bride | W7 | |
| Middle French: | nimphe | n.fem | nymph | W7 |
| French: | nubile | adj | nubile | W7 |
| Hellenic | ||||
| Homeric Greek: | Νύμφη | prop.n.fem | Nymph, e.g. a Naiad (water nymph) | LRC |
| νύμφη | n.fem | nymph, bride, lady | LRC | |
Key to Part-of-Speech/Grammatical feature abbreviations:
| Abbrev. | Meaning | |
|---|---|---|
| adj | = | adjective |
| fem | = | feminine (gender) |
| n | = | noun |
| neut | = | neuter (gender) |
| pl | = | plural (number) |
| prop | = | proper |
| vb | = | verb |
Key to information Source codes (always with 'LRC' as editor):
| Code | Citation | |
|---|---|---|
| AHD | = | Calvert Watkins: The American Heritage Dictionary of Indo-European Roots, 2nd ed. (2000) |
| LRC | = | Linguistics Research Center, University of Texas, Austin |
| W7 | = | Webster's Seventh New Collegiate Dictionary (1963) |
