Indo-European Lexicon
PIE Etymon and IE Reflexes
Below we display: a Proto-Indo-European (PIE) etymon adapted from Pokorny, with our own English gloss; our Semantic Field assignment(s) for the etymon, linked to information about the field(s); an optional Comment; and Reflexes (derived words) in various Indo-European languages, organized by family/group in west-to-east order where Germanic is split into West/North/East families and English, our language of primary emphasis, is artificially separated from West Germanic. IE Reflexes appear most often as single words with any optional letter(s) enclosed in parentheses; but alternative full spellings are separated by '/' and "principal parts" appear in a standard order (e.g. masculine, feminine, and neuter forms) separated by commas.
Reflexes are annotated with: Part-of-Speech and/or other Grammatical feature(s); a short Gloss which, especially for modern English reflexes, may be confined to the oldest sense; and some Source citation(s) with 'LRC' always understood as editor. Keys to PoS/Gram feature abbreviations and Source codes appear below the reflexes; at the end are links to the previous/next etyma [in Pokorny's alphabetic order] that have reflexes.
All reflex pages are currently under active construction; as time goes on, corrections may be made and/or more etyma & reflexes may be added.
Pokorny Etymon: 4. ster-, also sterə- : strē-, strei-, streu- 'line, streak, strip, stripe'
Semantic Field(s): Line
Indo-European Reflexes:
| Family/Language | Reflex(es) | PoS/Gram. | Gloss | Source(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| English | ||||
| Old English: | *strāc | n | stroke | AHD |
| strācian | vb.wk | to stroke | W7 | |
| strica | n.masc | streak, mark, (pen) stroke | W7 | |
| strīcan, strāc, stricon, stricen | vb.str | to strike; stroke, smooth, rub, wipe | ASD | |
| stricel | n.masc | strickle | AHD | |
| Middle English: | streke | n | streak | W7 |
| strikell | n | strickle | W7 | |
| striken | vb | to strike | W7 | |
| stroke | n | stroke | AHD | |
| stroken | vb | to stroke | W7 | |
| English: | streak | n | stripe, mark of different color/texture | AHD/W7 |
| stria | n | minute groove/channel | AHD/W7 | |
| strickle | n | tool to level off measure of grain | AHD/W7 | |
| strigil | n | skin scraper used after bath | AHD/W7 | |
| strigose | adj | having appressed scales/bristles | AHD/W7 | |
| strike, struck | vb.str | to go, take course; hit | AHD/W7 | |
| stripe | n | line/strip of different color/texture | W7 | |
| stroke | n | act/instance of hitting/striking | AHD/W7 | |
| stroke | vb.trans | to caress, rub gently | AHD/W7 | |
| tricot | n | plain warp-knitted fabric | AHD/W7 | |
| West Germanic | ||||
| Middle Dutch: | stripe | n | stripe | W7 |
| Dutch: | strijken | vb | to stroke; iron clothes | LRC |
| Old High German: | streichōn | vb | to stroke | ASD |
| strich | n | streak, line | W7 | |
| strīhhan | vb | to strike, pass, travel | ASD | |
| German: | streichen | vb | to strike, move, rush, rove | ASD |
| Strich | n.masc | streak, line | LRC | |
| North Germanic | ||||
| Icelandic: | strúka | vb | to strike, rush | ASD |
| stryk | n | streak, stroke, dash | ASD | |
| Danish: | stryge | vb | to strike | ASD |
| Swedish: | stryka | vb | to strike, stroke; iron clothes | TLL |
| East Germanic | ||||
| Gothic: | striks | n | streak, mark, (pen) stroke | ASD |
| Italic | ||||
| Latin: | stria | n.fem | furrow | W7 |
| striga | n.fem | row, furrow | W7 | |
| strigilis | n.fem | strigil | W7 | |
| stringō, stringere, strinxī, strictum | vb | to wipe, remove; stroke, smooth; touch; draw (sword) | IEW | |
| New Latin: | striga | n.fem | bristle | W7 |
| strigosus | adj | meager, skinny | W7 | |
| Old French: | estriquier | vb | to strike | AHD |
| French: | tricot | n.masc | knitting | W7 |
| tricoter | vb | to knit | W7 | |
Key to Part-of-Speech/Grammatical feature abbreviations:
| Abbrev. | Meaning | |
|---|---|---|
| adj | = | adjective |
| fem | = | feminine (gender) |
| masc | = | masculine (gender) |
| n | = | noun |
| str | = | strong (inflection) |
| trans | = | transitive |
| vb | = | verb |
| wk | = | weak (inflection) |
Key to information Source codes (always with 'LRC' as editor):
| Code | Citation | |
|---|---|---|
| AHD | = | Calvert Watkins: The American Heritage Dictionary of Indo-European Roots, 2nd ed. (2000) |
| ASD | = | Joseph Bosworth and T. Northcote Toller: An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary (1898) |
| IEW | = | Julius Pokorny: Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (1959) |
| LRC | = | Linguistics Research Center, University of Texas, Austin |
| TLL | = | Frederick Bodmer: The Loom of Language (1944) |
| W7 | = | Webster's Seventh New Collegiate Dictionary (1963) |