Indo-European Lexicon
PIE Etymon and IE Reflexes
Below we display: a Proto-Indo-European (PIE) etymon adapted from Pokorny, with our own English gloss; our Semantic Field assignment(s) for the etymon, linked to information about the field(s); an optional Comment; and Reflexes (derived words) in various Indo-European languages, organized by family/group in west-to-east order where Germanic is split into West/North/East families and English, our language of primary emphasis, is artificially separated from West Germanic. IE Reflexes appear most often as single words with any optional letter(s) enclosed in parentheses; but alternative full spellings are separated by '/' and "principal parts" appear in a standard order (e.g. masculine, feminine, and neuter forms) separated by commas.
Reflexes are annotated with: Part-of-Speech and/or other Grammatical feature(s); a short Gloss which, especially for modern English reflexes, may be confined to the oldest sense; and some Source citation(s) with 'LRC' always understood as editor. Keys to PoS/Gram feature abbreviations and Source codes appear below the reflexes; at the end are links to the previous/next etyma [in Pokorny's alphabetic order] that have reflexes.
All reflex pages are currently under active construction; as time goes on, corrections may be made and/or more etyma & reflexes may be added.
Pokorny Etymon: 2. tel-, telə-, telu- 'flat (board, ground)'
Semantic Field(s): Flat
Indo-European Reflexes:
| Family/Language | Reflex(es) | PoS/Gram. | Gloss | Source(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| English | ||||
| Old English: | þel(l) | n.neut | deal, plank, plate, thin piece of wood/metal | ASD |
| þille | n.fem | thill, board, plank, beam; flooring | ASD/W2I | |
| Middle English: | thille | n | thill | W7 |
| title | n | title | W7 | |
| English: | tellurian | n | apparatus to illustrate rotation of earth | AHD/W7 |
| telluric | adj | terrestrial, re: earth | AHD | |
| tellurion | n | apparatus showing motions of earth | AHD | |
| tellurium | n | brittle silvery-white semi-metallic element | AHD/W7 | |
| thill | n | shaft of vehicle | W7 | |
| title | n | inscription | AHD/W7 | |
| British English: | deal | n | board of fir/pine | AHD/W7 |
| West Germanic | ||||
| Middle Dutch: | dele | n | deal, plank, floor | W2I |
| Dutch: | deel | n | deal, plank, floor | W2I |
| Middle Low German: | dele | n | deal, plank | W7 |
| Old High German: | dili, dilla | n | deal, plank | W2I |
| German: | Diele | n.fem | deal, plank | LRC |
| North Germanic | ||||
| Old Norse: | þel | n | floor, board | KNW |
| þili | n | plank, wainscot | W2I | |
| þilja | n | plank, thwart, planking | W2I | |
| þǫll | n | young spruce | KNW | |
| Swedish: | tall | n | fir, pine | SAO |
| Italic | ||||
| Latin: | tabula, tabulae | n.fem | tablet | LRC |
| tellus, telluris | n.fem | earth | W7 | |
| titulus | n.masc | title | W7 | |
| New Latin: | tellurium | n.neut | semi-metallic element | W7 |
| Old French: | title | n.masc | title | W7 |
Key to Part-of-Speech/Grammatical feature abbreviations:
| Abbrev. | Meaning | |
|---|---|---|
| adj | = | adjective |
| fem | = | feminine (gender) |
| masc | = | masculine (gender) |
| n | = | noun |
| neut | = | neuter (gender) |
Key to information Source codes (always with 'LRC' as editor):
| Code | Citation | |
|---|---|---|
| AHD | = | Calvert Watkins: The American Heritage Dictionary of Indo-European Roots, 2nd ed. (2000) |
| ASD | = | Joseph Bosworth and T. Northcote Toller: An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary (1898) |
| KNW | = | Gerhard Köbler: Altnordisches Wörterbuch, 2nd ed. (2003) |
| LRC | = | Linguistics Research Center, University of Texas, Austin |
| SAO | = | Swedish Academy: Svenska Akademiens Ordbok (2011) |
| W2I | = | Webster's New International Dictionary of the English Language, 2nd ed. (1959) |
| W7 | = | Webster's Seventh New Collegiate Dictionary (1963) |
