Indo-European Lexicon
PIE Etymon and IE Reflexes
Below we display: a Proto-Indo-European (PIE) etymon adapted from Pokorny, with our own English gloss; our Semantic Field assignment(s) for the etymon, linked to information about the field(s); an optional Comment; and Reflexes (derived words) in various Indo-European languages, organized by family/group in west-to-east order where Germanic is split into West/North/East families and English, our language of primary emphasis, is artificially separated from West Germanic. IE Reflexes appear most often as single words with any optional letter(s) enclosed in parentheses; but alternative full spellings are separated by '/' and "principal parts" appear in a standard order (e.g. masculine, feminine, and neuter forms) separated by commas.
Reflexes are annotated with: Part-of-Speech and/or other Grammatical feature(s); a short Gloss which, especially for modern English reflexes, may be confined to the oldest sense; and some Source citation(s) with 'LRC' always understood as editor. Keys to PoS/Gram feature abbreviations and Source codes appear below the reflexes; at the end are links to the previous/next etyma [in Pokorny's alphabetic order] that have reflexes.
All reflex pages are currently under active construction; as time goes on, corrections may be made and/or more etyma & reflexes may be added.
Pokorny Etymon: trē̆b-, trōb-, treb-, or trəb-, tr̥b- 'building, dwelling'
Semantic Field(s): House
Indo-European Reflexes:
Family/Language | Reflex(es) | PoS/Gram. | Gloss | Source(s) |
---|---|---|---|---|
English | ||||
Old English: | þorp, þrop | n.masc | thorp | W7 |
Middle English: | thorp | n | thorp | W7 |
trave | n | trave | W7 | |
English: | architrave | n | entablature resting on capital of column | AHD/W7 |
dorp | n | thorp | AHD/W7 | |
thorp | n | hamlet, village | AHD/W7 | |
trabeated | adj | designed/constructed of horizontal beams/lintels | AHD/W7 | |
trabecula | n | small bar/rod/fiber bundle/septal membrane in body part/organ | AHD/W7 | |
trave | n | traverse beam | AHD/W7 | |
West Germanic | ||||
Old Frisian: | thorp, therp | n.masc | thorp | ASD |
Middle Dutch: | dorp | n | dorp | W7 |
Dutch: | dorp | n.masc | dorp | ASD |
Old Low German: | thorp, tharp | n.masc | thorp | ASD |
Old High German: | dorf | n.masc | dorp, farm, town | ASD/W7 |
German: | Dorf | n.neut | village | LRC |
North Germanic | ||||
Icelandic: | þorp | n.masc | thorp | ASD |
East Germanic | ||||
Gothic: | þaurp | n.masc | thorp | ASD |
Italic | ||||
Old Latin: | trabēs | n.fem | trave | W7 |
Latin: | trabecula | n.fem.dim | little trave | W7 |
trabs | n.fem | trave | W7 | |
New Latin: | trabecula | n.fem | trabecula | W7 |
Old French: | architrave | n | architrave | AHD |
Middle French: | architrave | n.fem | trave, architrave | W7 |
trave | n.fem | trave | W7 | |
French: | architrave | n | architrave | CDC |
Old Italian: | architrave | n.masc | trave, architrave | W7 |
trave | n.masc | trave | W7 | |
Italian: | arcitrave | n | architrave | CDC |
Key to Part-of-Speech/Grammatical feature abbreviations:
Abbrev. | Meaning | |
---|---|---|
adj | = | adjective |
dim | = | diminutive |
fem | = | feminine (gender) |
masc | = | masculine (gender) |
n | = | noun |
neut | = | neuter (gender) |
Key to information Source codes (always with 'LRC' as editor):
Code | Citation | |
---|---|---|
AHD | = | Calvert Watkins: The American Heritage Dictionary of Indo-European Roots, 2nd ed. (2000) |
ASD | = | Joseph Bosworth and T. Northcote Toller: An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary (1898) |
CDC | = | W.D. Whitney and B.E. Smith: The Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia (1889-1911) |
LRC | = | Linguistics Research Center, University of Texas, Austin |
W7 | = | Webster's Seventh New Collegiate Dictionary (1963) |