Indo-European Lexicon
PIE Etymon and IE Reflexes
Below we display: a Proto-Indo-European (PIE) etymon adapted from Pokorny, with our own English gloss; our Semantic Field assignment(s) for the etymon, linked to information about the field(s); an optional Comment; and Reflexes (derived words) in various Indo-European languages, organized by family/group in west-to-east order where Germanic is split into West/North/East families and English, our language of primary emphasis, is artificially separated from West Germanic. IE Reflexes appear most often as single words with any optional letter(s) enclosed in parentheses; but alternative full spellings are separated by '/' and "principal parts" appear in a standard order (e.g. masculine, feminine, and neuter forms) separated by commas.
Reflexes are annotated with: Part-of-Speech and/or other Grammatical feature(s); a short Gloss which, especially for modern English reflexes, may be confined to the oldest sense; and some Source citation(s) with 'LRC' always understood as editor. Keys to PoS/Gram feature abbreviations and Source codes appear below the reflexes; at the end are links to the previous/next etyma [in Pokorny's alphabetic order] that have reflexes.
All reflex pages are currently under active construction; as time goes on, corrections may be made and/or more etyma & reflexes may be added.
Pokorny Etymon: trē̆b-, trōb-, treb-, or trəb-, tr̥b- 'building, dwelling'
Semantic Field(s): House
Indo-European Reflexes:
| Family/Language | Reflex(es) | PoS/Gram. | Gloss | Source(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| English | ||||
| Old English: | þorp, þrop | n.masc | thorp | W7 |
| Middle English: | thorp | n | thorp | W7 |
| trave | n | trave | W7 | |
| English: | architrave | n | entablature resting on capital of column | AHD/W7 |
| dorp | n | thorp | AHD/W7 | |
| thorp | n | hamlet, village | AHD/W7 | |
| trabeated | adj | designed/constructed of horizontal beams/lintels | AHD/W7 | |
| trabecula | n | small bar/rod/fiber bundle/septal membrane in body part/organ | AHD/W7 | |
| trave | n | traverse beam | AHD/W7 | |
| West Germanic | ||||
| Old Frisian: | thorp, therp | n.masc | thorp | ASD |
| Middle Dutch: | dorp | n | dorp | W7 |
| Dutch: | dorp | n.masc | dorp | ASD |
| Old Low German: | thorp, tharp | n.masc | thorp | ASD |
| Old High German: | dorf | n.masc | dorp, farm, town | ASD/W7 |
| German: | Dorf | n.neut | village | LRC |
| North Germanic | ||||
| Icelandic: | þorp | n.masc | thorp | ASD |
| East Germanic | ||||
| Gothic: | þaurp | n.masc | thorp | ASD |
| Italic | ||||
| Old Latin: | trabēs | n.fem | trave | W7 |
| Latin: | trabecula | n.fem.dim | little trave | W7 |
| trabs | n.fem | trave | W7 | |
| New Latin: | trabecula | n.fem | trabecula | W7 |
| Old French: | architrave | n | architrave | AHD |
| Middle French: | architrave | n.fem | trave, architrave | W7 |
| trave | n.fem | trave | W7 | |
| French: | architrave | n | architrave | CDC |
| Old Italian: | architrave | n.masc | trave, architrave | W7 |
| trave | n.masc | trave | W7 | |
| Italian: | arcitrave | n | architrave | CDC |
Key to Part-of-Speech/Grammatical feature abbreviations:
| Abbrev. | Meaning | |
|---|---|---|
| adj | = | adjective |
| dim | = | diminutive |
| fem | = | feminine (gender) |
| masc | = | masculine (gender) |
| n | = | noun |
| neut | = | neuter (gender) |
Key to information Source codes (always with 'LRC' as editor):
| Code | Citation | |
|---|---|---|
| AHD | = | Calvert Watkins: The American Heritage Dictionary of Indo-European Roots, 2nd ed. (2000) |
| ASD | = | Joseph Bosworth and T. Northcote Toller: An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary (1898) |
| CDC | = | W.D. Whitney and B.E. Smith: The Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia (1889-1911) |
| LRC | = | Linguistics Research Center, University of Texas, Austin |
| W7 | = | Webster's Seventh New Collegiate Dictionary (1963) |
