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Latvian: Master Glossary

This Master Glossary page lists, in an alphabetical order suitable to the language and the script employed for it, every unique word form that appears in lesson texts and, for each word, its unique glosses. In addition to the gloss information, sans contextual translation, links are provided to every appearance, in every numbered lesson, of the word/gloss in question. With this index one may perform a quick "word look-up" and, in addition, study how words are used in context by clicking on their links.


acis - noun, feminine; accusative plural of <acs> eye acu - noun, feminine; genitive plural of <acs> eye aizbrauca - verb; 3rd person singular preterit of <aizbraukt, aizbraucu, aizbraucu> to leave aizvien - adverb; <aizvien> all the time, the whole time ap - preposition; <ap> around, by, near, about apjozies - verb; nominative singular masculine reflexive past active participle of <apjozt, apjožu, apjozu> to gird (round) apkalpot - verb; infinitive of <apkalpot, apkalpoju, apkalpoju> serve apkampis - verb; singular masculine past active participle of <apkampt, apkampju, apkampu> to embrace apmierināja - verb; 3rd person singular preterit of <apmierināt, apmierinu, apmierināju> to satisfy, calm down apvārdoja - verb; 3rd person singular preterit of <apvārdot, apvārdoju, apvārdoju> to charm ar - preposition; <ar> with, together, and arvien - adverb; <arvien> all the time, the whole time atloku - noun, masculine; genitive plural of <atloks> collar atstāj - verb; 3rd person preterit of <atstāt, atstāju, atstāju> leave, depart, abandon atšļūcis - verb; singular masculine past active participle of <atšļūkt, atšļūcu, atšļūcu> to slip down Augstus - adjective; accusative plural masculine of <augsts> high, chief Austruma - noun, masculine; genitive singular of <austrums> east balinātās - verb; locative plural feminine past passive participle of <balināt, balinu, balināju> to bleach baltā - adjective; locative plural masculine of <balts> white balti - adverb; <balti> white baznīcu - noun, feminine; accusative singular of <baznīca> church bet - conjunction; <bet> but, yet, however Betleme - proper noun, feminine; nominative singular of <Bethlehem> Bethlehem Betlemē - proper noun, feminine; locative singular of <Bethlehem> Bethlehem bērnus - noun, masculine; accusative plural of <bērns> child biezām - adjective; dative plural feminine of <bieza> thick bij - verb; 3rd person singular preterit of <būt, esmu, biju> to be bija - verb; 3rd person singular preterit of <būt, esmu, biju> to be biksēs - noun, feminine; locative plural of <bikses> trousers Birkenbaumu - proper noun, masculine; accusative singular of <Birkenbaums> Birkenbaums bišu - noun, feminine; genitive plural of <bite> bee bites - noun, feminine; nominative plural of <bite> bee buhs - verb; 3rd person singular future of <būt, esmu, biju> to be cieti - adverb; <cieti> tightly cilvēku - noun, masculine; accusative singular of <cilvēks> person, human being debess - noun, feminine; genitive singular of <debess> heaven, sky dieva - noun, masculine; genitive singular of <dievs> god Dieviņam - noun, masculine; dative singular of <dievins> God dilt - verb; infinitive of <dilt, dilstu, dilu> decrease, wane, dwindle dsimmis - verb; nominative singular masculine past active participle of <dzimt, dzimstu, dzimu> to be born dsimt - verb; infinitive of <dzimt, dzimstu, dzimu> to be born dsirdeja - verb; 3rd person singular preterit of <dzirdēt, dzirdu, dzirdēju> to hear dūlāgu - noun, masculine; accusative singular of <dūlāgs> smoke stick dūmu - noun, masculine; genitive plural of <dūms> smoke eeksch - adverb; <iekš> in Erodus - proper noun, masculine; genitive singular of <Herods> Herod Erodus - proper noun, masculine; nominative singular of <Herods> Herod essam - verb; 1st person plural present of <būt, esmu, biju> to be essi - verb; 2nd person singular present of <būt, esmu, biju> to be ēna - noun, feminine; nominative singular of <ēna> shadow gadu - noun, masculine; accusative singular of <gads> year gadu - noun, masculine; genitive plural of <gads> year galotnes - noun, feminine; genitive singular of <galotne> top, summit gandrīz - adverb; <gandrīz> almost, nearly, all but garā - noun, masculine; locative singular of <garš> spirit garām - adverb; <garām> past, by garenais - definite adjective; nominative singular masculine of <garens> longish gotiņas - noun, feminine; accusative plural of <gotiņa> little cow Grīntāls - proper noun, masculine; nominative singular of <Grīntāls> Grintals Gudree - definite adjective; nominative plural masculine of <gudrais> wise man ģīmjiem - noun, masculine; dative plural of <ģīmis> face ilgi - adverb; <ilgi> long, for a long time irr - verb; 3rd person singular present of <būt, esmu, biju> to be isklausija - verb; 3rd person singular preterit of <izklausīt, izklausu, izklausīju> to inquire, ask Israeļa - proper noun, masculine; genitive singular of <Israēlis> Israel issabijajahs - verb; 3rd person singular present of <izsabijāties, izsabijājos, izsabijājos> to be frightened izmaukta - verb; accusative singular feminine past passive participle of <izmaukt, izmaucu, izmaucu> hollowed out, carved from izžāvējušas - verb; plural feminine past active participle of <izžāvēt, izžāvēju, izžāvēju> dry out ja - conjunction; <ja> if jaunas - adjective; genitive singular feminine of <jauna> young, new Jerusaleme - proper noun, feminine; nominative singular of <Jeruzāleme> Jerusalem Jerusalemi - proper noun, feminine; accusative singular of <Jeruzāleme> Jerusalem Jesus - proper noun, masculine; nominative singular of <Jēzus> Jesus jo - adverb; <jo> because Jo - adverb; <jo> because Juda - proper noun, masculine; genitive singular of <Jūds> Judah Juddo - noun, masculine; genitive plural of <jūds> Jew jūnija - noun, masculine; genitive singular <jūnijs> June ka - conjunction; <ka> that Kad - adverb; <kad> when kad - adverb; <kad> when kaltētam - verb; dative singular masculine past passive participle of <kaltēt, kaltēju, kaltēju> to dry kas - pronoun; nominative singular of <kas> that kas - pronoun; nominative singular masculine of <kas> that katru - pronoun; accusative singular masculine of <katrs> each, every kažoka - noun, masculine; genitive singular of <kažoks> fur coat - pronoun; genitive singular masculine of <kas> which - adverb; <kā> as, like kāda - pronoun; nominative singular feminine of <kāda> someone, anyone kājām - noun, feminine; dative plural of <kāja> foot Kārlēns - proper noun, masculine; nominative singular of <Kārlēns> Charlie kārti - noun, feminine; accusative singular of <kārts> pole kodīja - verb; 3rd person singular preterit of <kodīt,kodu, kodīju> bite repeatedly kokam - noun, masculine; dative singular of <koks> tree, wood kokiem - noun, masculine; dative plural of <koks> tree, wood kokles - noun, feminine; accusative plural of <kokle> kokle, traditional music instrument kreklā - noun, masculine; locative singular of <krekls> shirt kreklu - noun, masculine; accusative singular of <krekls> shirt Kristum - proper noun, masculine; dative singular of <Kristus> Christ Kungeem - noun, masculine; dative plural of <kungs> lord, master Kur - adverb; <kur> where kur - adverb; <kur> where kustējās - verb; 3rd person singular preterit reflexive of <kustēties, kustos, kustējos> to move around, work Ķehniņa - noun, masculine; genitive singular of <ķēniņš> king Ķehniņsch - noun, masculine; nominative singular of <ķēniņš> king labu - adjective; accusative singular masculine of <labs> good Laikā - noun, masculine; locative singular of <laiks> time laiks - noun, masculine; nominative singular <laiks> time, period laiku - noun, masculine; accusative singular of <laiks> time laišanos - reflexive noun; accusative singular feminine of <laišanās> departing laižot - verb; present ot-gerund of <laist, laižu, laidu> to release latvieši - noun, masculine; nominative plural of <latvietis> Latvian Leeleem - adjective; dative plural masculine of <liels> big lēni - adverb; <lēni> slow liels - adjective; nominative singular masculine of <liels> large liepas - noun, feminine; genitive singular of <liepa> linden tree līdzinādamies - verb; nominative singular masculine reflexive present active dams-gerund of <līdzināt, līdzinu, līdzināju> to be similar to līdzīgu - adjective; accusative singular masculine of <līdzīgs> similar, equal to Ļaudim - noun, masculine; dative plural of <ļaudis> people Mahzitajus - noun, masculine; accusative plural of <mācītājs> pastor man - pronoun; dative singular masculine of <es> I manneem - pronoun; dative plural masculine of <mans> my Masaka - comparative definite adjective; nominative singular feminine of <maza> little mākonītis - noun, masculine; nominative singular <mākonītis> little cloud mehs - pronoun; nominative plural of <es> I metās - verb; 3rd person preterit reflexive of <mesties, metos, metos> set in mēnesī - noun, masculine; locative singular <mēnesis> month miesā - noun, feminine; locative singular of <miesa> flesh, body mīdīja - verb; 3rd person singular preterit of <mīdīt, mīdu, mīdīju> to tread, trample mīlēja - verb; 3rd person preterit of <mīlēt, mīlu, mīlēju> love muldēja - verb; 3rd person singular preterit of <muldēt, muldu, muldēju> to babble, rave nabaga - adjective; genitive singular masculine of <nabags> poor, needy nahkt - verb; infinitive of <nākt, nāku, nācu> to come nahkuschi - verb; nominative plural masculine past active participle of <nākt, nāku, nācu> to come nahze - verb; 3rd person plural preterit of <nākt, nāku, nācu> to come nakts - noun, feminine; genitive singular of <nakts> night ne - negative particle; <ne> not neaizbēga - negative particle; <ne> not + verb; 3rd person singular preterit of <aizbēgt, aizbēgu, aizbēgu> to flee neapsegtu - negative particle; <ne> not + verb; accusative singular feminine past passive participle of <apsegt, apsedzu, apsedzu> to cover negribēja - negative particle; <ne> not + verb; 3rd person singular preterit of <gribēt, gribu, gribēju> to want nejaudādami - negative particle; <ne> not + verb; nominative plural masculine present participle active of <jaudāt, jaudāju, jaudāju> be able, can nekustēdamies - negative particle; <ne> not + verb; nominative plural masculine present participle reflexive of <kustēties, kustos, kustējos> move nepatīkams - negative particle; <ne> not + verb; nominative singular masculine present passive participle of <patikt, patīku, patiku> to like neredzēja - negative particle; <ne> not + verb; 3rd person singular preterit of <redzēt, redzu, redzēju> to see nesaprotamus - negative particle; <ne> not + verb; accusative plural masculine present passive participle of <saprast, saprotu, sapratu> to understand netuvojās - verb; 3rd person singular preterit reflexive of <tuvoties, tuvojos, tuvojos> to approach neviena - pronoun; nominative singular feminine of <neviena> nobody, no one, not a single no - preposition; <no> from nogāzās - verb; 3rd person singular preterit reflexive of <nogāzties, nogāžos, nogāzos> to tumble down nogrimušās - verb; locative plural feminine past active participle of <nogrimt, nogrimu, nogrimu> to sink nolaidās - verb; verb <nolaisties, nolaižos, nolaidos> to descend nozudis - verb; singular masculine past active participle of <nozust, nozūdu, nozudu> to disappear padarot - verb; present active ot-gerund of <padarīt, padaru, padaŗiju> to do, make padevās - verb; 3rd person preterit of <padoties, padodos, padevos> surrender, succumb pahr - adverb; <pār> over pakāpušos - verb; accusative singular masculine active past participle reflexive of <pakāpties, pakāpjos, pakāpos> to step up pakulu - noun, feminine; genitive plural of <pakula> coarse linen palaida - verb; 3rd person plural preterit of <palaist, palaižu, palaidu> to let go, release palika - verb; 3rd person preterit of <palikt, palieku, paliku> remain, become pamazām - adverb; <pamazām> gradually, little by little pamirkšķināt - verb; infinitive of <pamirkšķināt, pamirkšķinu, pamirkšķināju> blink pat - adverb; <pat> even pats - pronoun; nominative singular masculine of <pats> himself peedsimmis - verb; nominative singular masculine past active participle of <piedzimt, piedzimstu, piedzimu> to be born peeluhgt - verb; infinitive of <pielūgt, pielūdzu, pielūdzu> to worship piedurkni - noun, feminine; accusative singular of <piedurkne> sleeve plagas - noun, feminine; genitive singular of <plaga> flag Praveetu - noun, masculine; accusative singular of <pravietis> prophet Preesteŗus - noun, masculine; accusative plural of <priesteris> priest priedītes - noun, feminine; genitive singular of <priedīte> pine ragavām - noun, feminine; dative plural of <ragavas> sled, sleigh Raksta - noun, masculine; genitive singular of <raksts> text, writing rakstihts - verb; nominative singular masculine past passive participle of <rakstīt, rakstu, rakstīju> to write redsejschi - verb; nominative plural masculine past active participle of <redzēt, redzu, redzēju> to see redsi - verb; 2nd person singular imperfect of <redzēt, redzu, redzēju> to see redzēja - verb; 3rd person singular preterit of <redzēt, redzu, redzēju> to see redzēt - verb; infinitive of <redzēt, redzu, redzēju> to see rīcībā - noun, masculine; locative singular of <rīcība> at someone's disposal rīkojamies - verb; present active am-gerund reflexive of <rīkoties, rīkojos, rīkojos> to busy one's self, act, behave rokā - noun, feminine; locative singular of <roka> hand runādamies - verb; nominative singular masculine present active dams-gerund reflexive of <runāties, runājos, runājos> to talk to one's self saaizinajs - verb; nominative singular masculine past active participle of <saaicināt, saaicinu, saaicināju> to invite saime - noun, feminine; nominative singular of <saime> family sarkano - definite adjective; accusative singular masculine of <sarkanais> the red saules - noun, feminine; nominative plural of <saule> sun, sunlight, sunshine sava - pronoun; genitive singular masculine of <savs> his savas - pronoun; accusative plural feminine of <sava> one's savas - pronoun; accusative plural feminine of <sava> his savu - pronoun; accusative singular feminine of <sava> his sazzija - verb; 3rd person past of <sacīt, saku, sacīju> to say sazzija - verb; 3rd person preterit of <sacīt, saku, sacīju> to say sāka - verb,; 3 sg.pret. of <sākt, sāku, sāku> begin seju - noun, feminine; accusative singular of <seja> face Semmes - noun, feminine; genitive singular of <zeme> land, country Semmē - noun, feminine; locative singular of <zeme> land, country senču - noun, masculine; genitive plural of <sencis> ancestor siksnu - noun, feminine; accusative singular of <siksna> belt skanīgās - definite adjective; accusative plural feminine of <skanīga> sonorous skati - noun, masculine; nominative plural of <skats> look, sight, view skatījās - verb; 3rd person preterit reflexive of <skatīties, skatos, skatījos> look at, gaze,stare skatījās - verb; 3rd person singular preterit reflexive of <skatīties, skatos, skatījos> to look, stare Skrastiņš - proper noun, masculine; nominative singular of <Skrastiņš> Skrastins smējās - verb; 3rd person singular preterit reflexive of <smieties, smejos, smējos> to laugh spietošanas - noun, feminine; genitive singular <spietošana> swarming stabiņš - noun, masculine; nominative singular of <stabiņš> little pillar starp - adverb; <starp> between, among stāvēja - verb; 3rd person singular preterit of <stāvēt, stāvu, stāvēju> to stand stāvu - noun, masculine; accusative singular of <stāvs> stature, figure, frame stīvāki - adjective; comparative nominative plural masculine of <stīvs> stiff Swaigsni - noun, feminine; accusative singular of <zvaigzne> star šausmīgāki - adjective; comparative nominative plural masculine of <šausmīgs> terrible, horrible, awful šļīcenes - noun, feminine; genitive singular of <šļīcene> hose ta - demonstrative pronoun; nominative singular feminine of <tas, tā> that tad - adverb; <tad> then, after that tai - demonstrative pronoun; dative singular feminine of <tas, tā> that taisīja - verb; 3rd person plural preterit of <taisīt, taisu, taisīju> to make taisījās - verb; 3rd person singular preterit reflexive of <taisīties, taisos, taisījos> to prepare one's self tam - demonstrative pronoun; dative singular masculine of <tas, tā> that tas - demonstrative pronoun; nominative singular masculine of <tas, tā> that - adverb; <tā> so, thus - demonstrative pronoun; nominative singular feminine of <tas, tā> that tāpēc - adverb; <tāpēc> therefore, because tee - demonstrative pronoun; nominative plural masculine of <tas, tā> that teem - demonstrative pronoun; dative plural masculine of <tas, tā> that tewim - pronoun; dative singular masculine of <tu> you tha - demonstrative pronoun; genitive singular masculine of <tas, tā> that tho - demonstrative pronoun; genitive plural masculine of <tas, tā> that to - demonstrative pronoun; accusative singular feminine of <tas, tā> that to - demonstrative pronoun; accusative singular masculine of <tas, tā> that trepītēm - noun, feminine; dative plural of <trepītes> step ladder tu - pronoun; nominative singular of <tu> you tur - adverb; <tur> there turētāji - noun, masculine; nominative plural of <turētājs> holder tuvojās - verb; 3rd person preterit reflexive of <tuvoties, tuvojos, tuvojos> approach tvaikonis - noun, masculine; nominative singular of <tvaikonis> steamboat un - conjunction; <un> and Un - conjunction; <un> and us - preposition; <uz> on, upon uz - preposition; <uz> on, upon uz - preposition; <uz> on, for uzacīm - noun, feminine; dative plural of <uzacs> eyebrow uzlaizdams - verb; nominative singular masculine present active dams-gerund of <uzlaist, uzlaižu, uzlaidu> to set on ūdeni - noun, masculine; accusative singular of <ūdens> water vai - conjunction; <vai> or vairāk - adverb; <vairāk> more, increasingly valdihs - verb; 3rd person singular future of <valdīt, valdu, valdīju> to lead, rule Valdneekam - noun, masculine; dative singular of <valdnieks> governor, leader vaļā - adverb of; <vaļā> open Varbūt - particle; <varbūt> perhaps, maybe, possibly vārdus - noun, masculine; accusative plural of <vārds> word, name vecajam - definite adjective; dative singular masculine of <vecais> the old vecie - definite adjective; nominative plural masculine of <vecs> old vectēvs - noun, masculine; nominative singular of <vectēvs> grandfather vecumam - noun, masculine; dative singular of <vecums> age vēl - adverb; <vēl> still, yet vienlīdzīgi - adverb; <vienlīdzīgi> equally viens - pronoun; nominative singular masculine of <viens> one, alone vietu - noun, feminine; accusative singular of <vieta> place viņa - pronoun; genitive singular masculine of <viņš> he viņam - pronoun; dative singular masculine of <viņš> he viņā - pronoun; locative singular masculine of <viņš> he viņiem - pronoun; dative plural masculine of <viņš> he viņņa - pronoun; genitive singular masculine of <viņš> he viņsch - pronoun; nominative singular masculine of <viņš> he viņš - pronoun; nominative singular masculine of <viņš> he viņu - pronoun; genitive plural masculine of <viņš> he viņu - pronoun; accusative singular masculine of <viņš> he viņus - pronoun; accusative plural masculine of <viņš> he viss - pronoun; nominative singular masculine of <viss> all, everything vissa - adjective; nominative singular feminine of <viss> all vissus - adjective; accusative plural masculine of <viss> all visu - pronoun; genitive plural masculine of <visi> everybody, everyone Zaļga - proper noun, masculine; nominative singular of <Zaļga> Zalga zaur - adverb; <caur> through zem - preposition; <zem> under, beneath zibinādams - verb; nominative singular masculine present active dams-gerund of <zibināt, zibinu, zibināju> to flash zvejnieki - noun, masculine; nominative plural of <zvejnieks> fisherman

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