Indo-European Lexicon
PIE Etymon and IE Reflexes
Below we display: a Proto-Indo-European (PIE) etymon adapted from Pokorny, with our own English gloss; our Semantic Field assignment(s) for the etymon, linked to information about the field(s); an optional Comment; and Reflexes (derived words) in various Indo-European languages, organized by family/group in west-to-east order where Germanic is split into West/North/East families and English, our language of primary emphasis, is artificially separated from West Germanic. IE Reflexes appear most often as single words with any optional letter(s) enclosed in parentheses; but alternative full spellings are separated by '/' and "principal parts" appear in a standard order (e.g. masculine, feminine, and neuter forms) separated by commas.
Reflexes are annotated with: Part-of-Speech and/or other Grammatical feature(s); a short Gloss which, especially for modern English reflexes, may be confined to the oldest sense; and some Source citation(s) with 'LRC' always understood as editor. Keys to PoS/Gram feature abbreviations and Source codes appear below the reflexes; at the end are links to the previous/next etyma [in Pokorny's alphabetic order] that have reflexes.
All reflex pages are currently under active construction; as time goes on, corrections may be made and/or more etyma & reflexes may be added.
Pokorny Etymon: dē- : də-, and dēi-, dī- 'to tie, bind'
Semantic Field(s): to Bind
Indo-European Reflexes:
| Family/Language | Reflex(es) | PoS/Gram. | Gloss | Source(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| English | ||||
| Middle English: | diademe | n | diadem | W7 |
| English: | anadem | n | chaplet, garland | AHD/W7 |
| asyndeton | n | omission of coordinate conjunctions | AHD/W7 | |
| desmid | n | colonial green alga(e) | AHD/W7 | |
| diadem | n | crown | AHD/W7 | |
| syndesmosis | n | articulation where contiguous bones are rough, bound via ligament | AHD/W7 | |
| syndetic | adj | connective, connecting | AHD/W7 | |
| West Germanic | ||||
| German: | Diadem | n.neut | diadem | LRC |
| Italic | ||||
| Latin: | anadēma | n.neut | anadem, head fillet/ornament | AHD/CLD |
| asyndeton | n | asyndeton | CDC | |
| diadēma | n.neut | diadem, royal headband | CLD/W7 | |
| Late Latin: | asyndeton | adj.neut | asyndeton, unconnected | W7 |
| New Latin: | syndesmosis | n.fem | articulation where contiguous bones are rough, bound via ligament | W7 |
| Old French: | diadème | n.masc | diadem, headband | W7 |
| Hellenic | ||||
| Greek: | anadein | vb | to wreath | W7 |
| anadēma | n.neut | wreath | W7 | |
| asyndetos, asyndeth, asyndeton | adj | unconnected | W7 | |
| dein | vb | to bind | W7 | |
| desmos | n.masc | binding | W7 | |
| diadein | vb | to bind around | W7 | |
| diadēma | n.neut | diadem, headband | W7 | |
| syndein | vb | to bind together | W7 | |
| syndesmos | n.masc | fastening, ligament | W7 | |
| syndetikos | adj | binding | W7 | |
| syndetos | adj | bound together | W7 | |
Key to Part-of-Speech/Grammatical feature abbreviations:
| Abbrev. | Meaning | |
|---|---|---|
| adj | = | adjective |
| fem | = | feminine (gender) |
| masc | = | masculine (gender) |
| n | = | noun |
| neut | = | neuter (gender) |
| vb | = | verb |
Key to information Source codes (always with 'LRC' as editor):
| Code | Citation | |
|---|---|---|
| AHD | = | Calvert Watkins: The American Heritage Dictionary of Indo-European Roots, 2nd ed. (2000) |
| CDC | = | W.D. Whitney and B.E. Smith: The Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia (1889-1911) |
| CLD | = | Cassell's Latin Dictionary (1959, rev. 1968) |
| LRC | = | Linguistics Research Center, University of Texas, Austin |
| W7 | = | Webster's Seventh New Collegiate Dictionary (1963) |
