Indo-European Lexicon
PIE Etymon and IE Reflexes
Below we display: a Proto-Indo-European (PIE) etymon adapted from Pokorny, with our own English gloss; our Semantic Field assignment(s) for the etymon, linked to information about the field(s); an optional Comment; and Reflexes (derived words) in various Indo-European languages, organized by family/group in west-to-east order where Germanic is split into West/North/East families and English, our language of primary emphasis, is artificially separated from West Germanic. IE Reflexes appear most often as single words with any optional letter(s) enclosed in parentheses; but alternative full spellings are separated by '/' and "principal parts" appear in a standard order (e.g. masculine, feminine, and neuter forms) separated by commas.
Reflexes are annotated with: Part-of-Speech and/or other Grammatical feature(s); a short Gloss which, especially for modern English reflexes, may be confined to the oldest sense; and some Source citation(s) with 'LRC' always understood as editor. Keys to PoS/Gram feature abbreviations and Source codes appear below the reflexes; at the end are links to the previous/next etyma [in Pokorny's alphabetic order] that have reflexes.
All reflex pages are currently under active construction; as time goes on, corrections may be made and/or more etyma & reflexes may be added.
Pokorny Etymon: eno-, possibly e-no- : ono- : no- : -ne- 'that'
Semantic Field(s): Far (adj)
Indo-European Reflexes:
| Family/Language | Reflex(es) | PoS/Gram. | Gloss | Source(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| English | ||||
| Old English: | geon | dem.pron | that one | GED |
| West Germanic | ||||
| Old Frisian: | jen | dem.pron | that one | GED |
| Middle Dutch: | gene | dem.pron | that one | GED |
| Middle Low German: | jene | dem.pron | that one | GED |
| Old High German: | enēr, jenēr | dem.pron | that one | GED |
| Middle High German: | geinir | dem.pron | that one | GED |
| German: | jener | dem.pron | that one | LRC |
| North Germanic | ||||
| Old Norse: | inn, enn | def.art | the | LRC |
| East Germanic | ||||
| Gothic: | jains, jai- | dem.pron/adj | that one | GED |
| Italic | ||||
| Umbrian: | enom | conj | then | GED |
| Latin: | enim | conj | for, indeed, then | LRC |
| nam | conj | for | LRC | |
| Baltic | ||||
| Lithuanian: | anàs, anà | pron | that | LRC |
| añs | dem.pron | that one | GED | |
| jìs | pron.3.sg.masc | he | GED | |
| jõ | pron.3.sg.masc | he | GED | |
| Slavic | ||||
| Old Church Slavonic: | onъ | dem.pron | that one | GED |
| Hellenic | ||||
| Greek: | ἔνη | adv | day after tomorrow, third (yonder) day | GED |
| Anatolian | ||||
| Hittite: | eni | dem.adj | the latter | GED |
| Armenian | ||||
| Classical Armenian: | na | pron | he, she, it | LRC |
| -n | def.sfx | the, that (over there) | LRC | |
| Armenian: | ain | dem.pron | that one | GED |
| so-in | dem.adj | the same | GED | |
| Iranian | ||||
| Avestan: | ana | dem.pron.inst.sg | through this | GED |
| Indic | ||||
| Sanskrit: | anáyā, anéna | dem.pron.inst.sg | through this | GED |
Key to Part-of-Speech/Grammatical feature abbreviations:
| Abbrev. | Meaning | |
|---|---|---|
| 3 | = | 3rd person |
| adj | = | adjective |
| adv | = | adverb(ial) |
| art | = | article/determiner |
| conj | = | conjunction |
| def | = | definite |
| dem | = | demonstrative |
| inst | = | instrumental (case) |
| masc | = | masculine (gender) |
| pron | = | pronoun |
| sfx | = | suffix |
| sg | = | singular (number) |
Key to information Source codes (always with 'LRC' as editor):
| Code | Citation | |
|---|---|---|
| GED | = | Winfred P. Lehmann: A Gothic Etymological Dictionary (1986) |
| LRC | = | Linguistics Research Center, University of Texas, Austin |
