Indo-European Lexicon

PIE Etymon and IE Reflexes

Below we display: a Proto-Indo-European (PIE) etymon adapted from Pokorny, with our own English gloss; our Semantic Field assignment(s) for the etymon, linked to information about the field(s); an optional Comment; and Reflexes (derived words) in various Indo-European languages, organized by family/group in west-to-east order where Germanic is split into West/North/East families and English, our language of primary emphasis, is artificially separated from West Germanic. IE Reflexes appear most often as single words with any optional letter(s) enclosed in parentheses; but alternative full spellings are separated by '/' and "principal parts" appear in a standard order (e.g. masculine, feminine, and neuter forms) separated by commas.

Reflexes are annotated with: Part-of-Speech and/or other Grammatical feature(s); a short Gloss which, especially for modern English reflexes, may be confined to the oldest sense; and some Source citation(s) with 'LRC' always understood as editor. Keys to PoS/Gram feature abbreviations and Source codes appear below the reflexes; at the end are links to the previous/next etyma [in Pokorny's alphabetic order] that have reflexes.

All reflex pages are currently under active construction; as time goes on, corrections may be made and/or more etyma & reflexes may be added.

Pokorny Etymon: ghais-   'to stick, be fixed to'

Semantic Field(s): to Join, Unite, to Gather, Collect

 

Indo-European Reflexes:

Family/Language Reflex(es) PoS/Gram. Gloss Source(s)
English  
English: adhere vb.intrans to give support/maintain loyalty AHD/W7
cohere vb.intrans to hold together as parts of same mass AHD/W7
hesitate vb.intrans to hold back due to doubt/indecision AHD/W7
inhere vb.intrans to belong, be inherent AHD/W7
Italic  
Latin: adhearesco, adhaerēre vb to adhere W7
cohaereo, cohaerēre vb to cohere W7
haereō, haerēre, haesī, haesus vb to stick, adhere LRC
haeresco, haerere vb to stick W7
haesito, haesitāre, haesitavi, haesitatus vb to stick fast, hesitate W7
inhaereo, inhaerēre vb to inhere W7
Middle French: adhérer vb to adhere W7
Baltic  
Lithuanian: gaišti vb to loiter W7

 

Key to Part-of-Speech/Grammatical feature abbreviations:

Abbrev. Meaning
intrans=intransitive
vb=verb

Key to information Source codes (always with 'LRC' as editor):

Code Citation
AHD=Calvert Watkins: The American Heritage Dictionary of Indo-European Roots, 2nd ed. (2000)
LRC=Linguistics Research Center, University of Texas, Austin
W7=Webster's Seventh New Collegiate Dictionary (1963)

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