Indo-European Lexicon

Old Irish Reflex Index

Below we list 363 unique Old Irish reflex spellings (words and affixes) in an alphabetic order suitable for the language family. Every spelling is linked to one or more pages, each showing a Proto-Indo-European etymon from which the reflex is derived along with other reflexes (in Old Irish or other languages) derived from the same PIE etymon. A multi-morpheme reflex may, like English werewolf, be derived from multiple PIE etyma; or a single spelling may, like English bear or lie, represent multiple reflexes derived from different PIE etyma.

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Old Irish reflex index
Reflex Etyma
āes ai-ti-
āigthiu agh-
āinne āno-
āl agh-
ār ag̑-
ab akā-
ad-āgor 1. ad- , agh-
adas 2. ad-
ad-cin 1. ad-
ad-gninim 2. g̑en-
ad-slig 3. lei-
ad 2. ad-
ad- 1. ad-
ag- ag̑-
aile 1. al-
ailither 1. al-
ail peli-s-
airget ar(e)-g̑-
airim ar(ə)-
alim 2. al-
altae 2. al-
altram 2. al-
altru 2. al-
alt 2. al-
al 2. al-
am es-
anāl 3. an(ə)-
anim 3. an(ə)-
argat ar(e)-g̑-
asagussi g̑eus-
asan ers-
as-boind bheudh-
atbaill 1. gel-
athir pətḗ(r)
at es-
aue au̯o-s
bábán baba-
báb baba-
bān 1. bhā-
bárd 4. ger(ə)-
bairgen bhar-
bair 2. ger-
ball 3. bhel-
bannae band-
bann bhendh-
barr bhares-
bēo 3. gei̯-
bēu 3. gei̯-
bech bhei-
ben gē̆nā
berbaid bh(e)reu-
bergann bherəg̑-
berid 1. bher-
bibdu 1. bheidh-
biru 1. bher-
bith 3. gei̯-
bláth 4. bhel-
bōi bheu-
bō-milge mē̆lg̑-
bó gou-
bocc bhū̆g̑o-s
bolach 2. b(e)u-
bolgaim bhelg̑h-
bolg bhelg̑h-
bongid bheg-
borg bhereg̑h-
both bheu-
brāthir bhrā́ter-
bráu 2. ger-
brī bhereg̑h-
brigh bhereg̑h-
brig bhereg̑h-
brissim bhrēi-
bró 2. ger-
brog bhereg̑h-
broth bhreu-
brūu 2. bhreu-s-
brú 1. bhreu-s-
brugh bhereg̑h-
bruinnid bhrendh-
bruth bh(e)reu-
buide bheudh-
cacc kakka-
cachtaim kap-
camm (s)kamb-
canim kan-
carn 3. kar-
carrac 3. kar-
carr 2. k̑ers-
cath k̑at-
cēcht 2. k̑ā̆k-
céle 1. k̑ei-
célide 1. k̑ei-
cēt dek̑m̥
cé k̑o-
celim 4. k̑el-
cethair ketu̯er-
-ch 1. ke
cía ko-
cia ko-
cinteir k̑ent-
cland plā̆t-
cloth 1. k̑leu-
clúas 1. k̑leu-
clú 1. k̑leu-
cluain k̑lep-
cōiced penke
cōic penke
coire 2. ker-
coirt 4. (s)ker-
con-ōi 7. au̯-
core 2. ker-
crenaid krei-
cretim k̑ered-
crīathar 4. (s)ker-
crí 1. krep-
cride k̑ered-
crú 1. kreu-
cú k̑u̯on-
cuile 4. k̑el-
cul 1. kel-
cum-ung ang̑h-
daig dhegh-
dair deru-
damnain demə-
daur deru-
da du̯ō(u)
dē-riad du̯ō(u)
dēr dak̑ru-
dēt ed-
dé 4. dheu-
dechmad dek̑m̥
dech 1. dek̑-
ded- 3. dhē-
dega dhegh-
deg 1. dek̑-
deich dek̑m̥
delg dhelg-
dem dhem-
denaid dhē(i)-
derc derk̑-
derucc deru-
dess 1. dek̑-
dīa 1. dei-
dïa 1. dei-
dïe 1. dei-
díth 2. dheu-
diabul du̯ō(u)
digen dheig̑h-
di du̯ō(u)
Domnall dheu-b-
domoiniur 3. men-
Dorchū dhu̯ē̆r-
dordaid 2. der-
dorn 1. der-
dorus dhu̯ē̆r-
dor dhu̯ē̆r-
do-tuit 1. (s)teu-
do- dus-
dreas dhereg̑h-
drech derk̑-
drenn 4. der-
droch 1. dhregh-
droch- 2. dhreugh-
drog- 2. dhreugh-
drong 2. dher-
drūi deru-
druid deru- , 2. u̯(e)id-
dūal 2. dek̑-
dūn 4. dheu-
dú g̑hðem-
duine g̑hðem-
dumacha 4. dheu-
-durni 1. der-
du- dus-
ēigem eig-
ēigid eig-
ēim pei-m(i)-
ēo 3. ei-
Ériu pei̯(ə)-
ēr 2. ak̑-
étach 1. (s)teg-
ētan ant-s
ech ek̑u̯o-s
en 1. en
erc 2. perk̑-
err ers-
essur ed-
fāith 1. u̯āt-
fēn u̯eg̑h-
fedid 2. u̯edh-
feiss 1. u̯es-
Fergus g̑eus-
fess 1. u̯es-
fiar 1. u̯ei-
fid u̯idhu-
find 2. u̯(e)id-
fliuch leik-
fogeir gher-
fo-gur g̑ā̆r-
for-con-gur g̑ā̆r-
for upér
fraig 1. u̯erg̑-
frith- 3. u̯er-
fūar 4. u̯er-
fuil 4. k̑el-
gāir g̑ā̆r-
gabid ghabh-
gabor kapro-
gabul ghabh(o)lo-
gaibid ghabh-
gainethar 1. g̑en-
gairm g̑ā̆r-
géiss g̑han-s-
gein 1. g̑en-
gel 1. g̑hel-
gin 2. g̑enu-
giun 2. g̑enu-
glan 1. g̑hel-
glass 1. g̑hel-
glé 1. g̑hel-
gnāth 2. g̑en-
gonim 2. ghen(-ə)-
gop g̑ep(h)-
gort g̑herdh-
grinne 3. ger-
guidiu ghedh-
guin 2. ghen(-ə)-
guss g̑eus-
hīcc i̯ēk-
hil 1. pel-
īachtaid eig-
ibid 2. pō(i)-
*idan pid-
il 1. pel-
imbliu 1. enebh-
imb- ambhi
imm-agim ag̑-
indoll 1. al-
ini- 1. en
in- 1. en
is es-
lám pelə-
lán 1. pel-
land 3. lendh-
lēicid leik-
legaim 1. leg-
línaid 1. pel-
línid 1. pel-
ligim leig̑h-
liuss 1. leit-
lōchet leuk-
loch laku-
luchair leuk-
luid 6. el-
máthir mātér-
macc maghos
marbaid 4. mer-
marb 4. mer-
mē 1. me-
meithleōrai 2. am-
melim 1. mel-
me-sse 1. me-
mīl mēlo-
mid médhu
milis meli-t
mil meli-t
mlicht mē̆lg̑-
mligim mē̆lg̑-
mōith 7. mēi-
mōr 4. mē-
mug maghos
muntar mə-r
mut mut-o-s
nem 1. nem-
nōmad e-neu̯en
nocht nog-
noī e-neu̯en
ōac 3. i̯eu-
ochair 2. ak̑-
ochtmad ok̑tō(u)
ocht ok̑tō(u)
Oengus g̑eus-
oen oi-no-
Ogma ag̑-
og ō(u̯)i̯-om
oīn oi-no-
oi óu̯i-s
orc pork̑o-s
os-nad 3. an(ə)-
rann 2c. per-
reg- 1. reg̑-
renn 3. er-
rethim ret(h)-
rīabach 2. rei-
rīadaim reidh-
rīan 3. er-
rīmid 1. ar-
rīm 1. ar-
rī 1. reg̑-
ro-bud bheudh-
ro-icc enek̑-
rūad reudh-
saigid sāg-
salann 1. sal-
samradh 3. sem-
samrad 3. sem-
sam 3. sem-
scaraim 4. (s)ker-
sēt sent-
sé su̯ek̑s
sechtmad septm̥
secht septm̥
seissed su̯ek̑s
selg sp(h)elg̑h(en)
sellaim 3. sel-
sen sen(o)-
síde sed-
siss- stā-
snāth (s)nē-
snechti sneigh-
snī (s)nē-
snige sneigh-
snigid sneigh-
-som 2. sem-
srennim srenk-
súan 1. su̯ep-
súgid 1. seu-
sūide sed-
tál tek̑þ-
tánaise sed-
-tāu stā-
taí tū̆
tair-issim stā-
tair-sissim stā-
taman stā-
tan 1. ten-
tē tep-
tech 1. (s)teg-
temel tem(ə)-
tene tep-
tengae dn̥g̑hū
terc 2. ter-
tess tep-
tipra bh(e)reu-
tiug tegu-
-tō stā-
togu g̑eus-
tolc telek-
to-ucc- euk-
traig trāgh-
tre̐-denus 1. dei-
triū trei-
tri trei-
tūath tēu-
tú tū̆
tugatóir 1. (s)teg-
tugid 1. (s)teg-
tulc telek-
tur ters-
uilenn 8. el-
uisce 9. au̯(e)-
usce 9. au̯(e)-

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