Indo-European Lexicon
Spanish Reflex Index
Below we list 485 unique Spanish reflex spellings (words and affixes) in an alphabetic order suitable for the language family. Every spelling is linked to one or more pages, each showing a Proto-Indo-European etymon from which the reflex is derived along with other reflexes (in Old Irish or other languages) derived from the same PIE etymon. A multi-morpheme reflex may, like English werewolf, be derived from multiple PIE etyma; or a single spelling may, like English bear or lie, represent multiple reflexes derived from different PIE etyma.
Use the search bar to filter the reflexes displayed.
Search: (tips for searching)Reflex | Etyma |
---|---|
átomo | 1. tem- |
á | 1. ad- |
abrasar | bh(e)reu- |
afición | 2. dhē- |
aficionar | 2. dhē- |
agosto | au̯eg- |
agua | aku̯ā- |
ala | ag̑- |
albada | albho- |
albo | albho- |
alesna | ēlā |
allá | 1. al- |
alrededor | 3. ter- |
amigo | am(m)a |
amplificar | 1. am- |
anta | anətā |
antes | ant-s |
aplicar | plek̑- |
apprendiz | ghend- |
apreciar | 2c. per- |
aprehender | ghend- |
aprobar | 2a. per- |
apto | 1. ap- |
aquí | ghe- |
arbol | er(ə)d- |
arca | areq- |
archipielago | 1. plā-k- |
arco | arqu- |
arctico | ŕ̥k̑þo-s |
ardor | ā̆s- |
arismética | 1. ar- |
aritmética | 1. ar- |
armada | 1. ar- |
armadillo | 1. ar- |
armado | 1. ar- |
armadura | 1. ar- |
armar | 1. ar- |
armas | 1. ar- |
armisticio | stā- |
arquero | arqu- |
arrear | reidh- |
arrestar | stā- |
arteria | 1. u̯er- |
artesano | 1. ar- |
arte | 1. ar- |
artículo | 1. ar- |
artillería | 1. ap- |
asalto | 4. sel- |
asayo | ag̑- |
asistir | stā- |
asno | ers- |
asonancia | su̯en- |
asortir | 4. ser- |
atacar | 2. (s)teg- |
ateismo | dhēs- |
atender | 1. ten- |
atenuar | 1. ten- |
atestar | trei- |
atmósfera | 1. u̯āt- |
audiencia | 8. au̯- |
augusto | au̯eg- |
aunque | oi-no- |
auténtico | sen- |
autor | au̯eg- |
aya | au̯o-s |
baile | 2. gu̯el- |
balada | 2. gu̯el- |
balanca | du̯ō(u) |
balanza | du̯ō(u) |
bala | 3. bhel- |
balon | 3. bhel- |
balota | 3. bhel- |
banca | bheg- |
banco | bheg- |
banda | bhendh- |
bandera | 1. bhā- |
banderilla | 1. bhā- |
banderola | 1. bhā- |
bandolera | 1. bhā- |
bando | 2. bhā- |
banquete | bheg- |
barba | bhardhā |
barra | 3. bher- |
batador | bhāt- |
batel | bheid- |
batidor | bhāt- |
batir | bhāt- |
bayo | badi̯os |
beber | 2. pō(i)- |
bedel | bheudh- |
bibaro | 5. bher- |
bisel | du̯ō(u) |
bitas | bheid- |
blanco | bheleg- |
blandir | bh(e)reu- |
blao | bhlē-u̯o-s |
blondo | bhlendh- |
bocacha | 2. b(e)u- |
boca | 2. b(e)u- |
bodega | 2. dhē- |
bola | 2. b(e)u- |
bonanza | 2. deu- |
bonito | 2. deu- |
bordadura | bheredh- |
bordar | bheredh- |
bordo | bheredh- |
bracero | mreg̑hu- |
brasa | bh(e)reu- |
brasero | bh(e)reu- |
brazo | mreg̑hu- |
breve | mreg̑hu- |
brio | 2. gu̯er- |
buey | gu̯ou- |
bullir | 2. b(e)u- |
burgo | bhereg̑h- |
cáscara | ku̯ēt- |
cabello | kap-ut |
cabo | kap-ut |
cabra | kapro- |
cabrilla | kapro- |
caca | kakka- |
caer | 1. k̑ad- |
calcar | 4. (s)kel- |
calcetín | 4. (s)kel- |
calentar | 1. k̑el- |
calentura | 1. k̑el- |
calle | kalni- |
cambio | (s)kamb- |
camisa | 3. k̑em- |
campeón | kam-p- |
candela | kand- |
cantar | kan- |
capítulo | kap-ut |
caramelo | k̑oləmo-s |
caranga | 3. kar- |
cargo | 2. k̑ers- |
caritad | kā- |
carola | au-lo-s |
caro | kā- |
cascar | ku̯ēt- |
casco | ku̯ēt- |
castigar | k̑es- |
casto | k̑es- |
casuista | 1. k̑ad- |
caudillo | kap-ut |
cayo | kagh- |
cazar | kap- |
cerca | 3. (s)ker- |
cielo | (s)kāi- |
cincah | 1. kenk- |
ciudád | 1. k̑ei- |
claro | 6. kel- |
claustro | klēu- |
cocina | peku̯- |
color | 4. k̑el- |
comandar | mə-r |
comando | mə-r |
como | ku̯o- |
compadre | pətḗ(r) |
comunicar | 2. mei- |
consejo | 3. sel- |
contra | kom |
con | kom |
corbina | 1. ker- |
corcho | perku̯u-s |
corral | 2. k̑ers- |
corrida | 2. k̑ers- |
corvino | 1. ker- |
costar | stā- |
costa | kost- |
cotidiano | ku̯o- |
creer | k̑ered- |
criollo | 2. k̑er- |
cuando | ku̯o- |
cuarterón | ku̯etu̯er- |
cuarto | ku̯etu̯er- |
cuba | gēu- |
cuesta | kost- |
cumplimiento | 1. pel- |
cumplir | 1. pel- |
debajo | bed- |
debilidad | 2. bel- |
delante | ant-s |
deleitable | 1. lēk- |
desde | eg̑hs |
desembocar | 2. b(e)u- |
después | apo- |
de | de- |
dicho | deik̑- |
dieta | 3. ai- |
diez | dek̑m̥ |
dobla | du̯ō(u) |
doblón | du̯ō(u) |
donde | ku̯o- |
don | dem- |
dragón | derk̑- |
dúnas | 4. dheu- |
durante | 3. deu- |
elidir | laidh- |
el | 1. al- |
embocar | 2. b(e)u- |
encima | 1. k̑eu- |
enigma | 5. ai- |
ensayo | ag̑- |
entero | tag- |
entre | 1. en |
en | 1. en |
eres | es- |
escaldar | 1. k̑el- |
escarlata | 1. seku̯- |
esclavo | 1. k̑leu- |
esclusa | klēu- |
escritura | 4. (s)ker- |
escuadra | ku̯etu̯er- |
escuadrilla | ku̯etu̯er- |
escudo | skē̆i- |
escuela | seg̑h- |
escuerzo | 4. (s)ker- |
espacio | 3. sp(h)ē(i)- |
espada | sp(h)ē- |
esparto | 3. sper- |
especia | spek̑- |
esperar | 3. sp(h)ē(i)- |
espina | 1. (s)p(h)ē̆i- |
esposo | spend- |
espuma | (s)poimno- |
esquardar | 8. u̯er- |
estado | stā- |
estampa | steb(h)- |
estampida | steb(h)- |
estancar | stā- |
estandarte | 3. kar- |
este | au̯es- |
estibador | stē̆ib(h)- |
estibar | stē̆ib(h)- |
estomago | stomen- |
estraño | eg̑hs |
estudiar | 1. (s)teu- |
es | es- |
excepto | kap- |
exilio | 3. ā̆l- |
faena | 2. dhē- |
faja | bhasko- |
familia | 2. dhē- |
fiebre | dhegu̯h- |
fiel | 1. bheidh- |
fiesta | dhēs- |
filibustero | prāi- |
finca | dhēigu̯- |
fisga | dhēigu̯- |
flamenco | bheleg- |
flota | pleu- |
flotilla | pleu- |
frente | 1. bhrū- |
frio | srīg- |
frito | 6. bher- |
fué | bheu- |
fuego | bhok- |
fuera | dhu̯ē̆r- |
fuerte | bhereg̑h- |
fuerza | bhereg̑h- |
fuí | bheu- |
fuiste | bheu- |
gabela | ghabh- |
galla | 1. gel- |
goda | 1. g̑heu- |
godo | 1. g̑heu- |
grama | gras- |
greña | 3. gher- |
gruñón | gru- |
guerrilla | u̯ers- |
gusto | g̑eus- |
haba | bhabhā |
haber | ghabh- |
hablar | 2. bhā- |
hacer | 2. dhē- |
hacha | kā̆pho- |
hacienda | 2. dhē- |
halcón | 6. pel- |
hambre | 3. dhē- |
harina | bhares- |
hecho | 2. dhē- |
hender | bheid- |
heno | dhē(i)- |
hervor | 2. bher- |
hija | dhē(i)- |
hijo | dhē(i)- |
hilo | gu̯heiə- |
hoja | 4. bhel- |
hola | alā |
hombre | g̑hðem- |
horma | 2. mer- |
hormiga | moru̯ī̆- |
hornito | gu̯her- |
horno | gu̯her- |
hoy | ghe- |
huerco | areq- |
huevo | ō(u̯)i̯-om |
huir | 1. bheug- |
humo | 4. dheu- |
hurón | 1. bher- |
incomunicado | 2. mei- |
incomunicar | 2. mei- |
inepto | 1. ap- |
intransigente | ag̑- |
jaque | kþē(i)- |
junta | 2. i̯eu- |
junto | 2. i̯eu- |
kargar | 2. k̑ers- |
lado | 2. stel- |
lagarto | 2. lek- |
la | 1. al- |
leche | glag- |
lecho | legh- |
legumbre | leg̑- |
lesion | laidh- |
lesna | ēlā |
letal | ol-(e-) |
ley | legh- |
ligar | 4. leig- |
llaga | 2. plāk- |
llama | bheleg- |
llave | klēu- |
lleno | 1. pel- |
llover | pleu- |
loar | 3. lēu- |
lobo | u̯l̥ku̯os |
lugar | 3. stel- |
mārmol | 5. mer- |
mañana | 2. mā- |
mandarina | mə-r |
mandarin | mə-r |
mas | meg̑(h)- |
médico | 1. med- |
merlon | ames- |
mesa | 3. mē- |
mesta | mei-k̑- |
mesteño | mei-k̑- |
mestengo | mei-k̑- |
mestizo | mei-k̑- |
monte | 1. men- |
morir | 4. mer- |
mosca | 2. mū- |
mosquito | 2. mū- |
muda | 2. mei- |
negar | 1. nĕ |
negro | neku̯-(t-) |
nervio | snēu- |
ni | 1. nĕ |
noche | neku̯-(t-) |
novillada | neu̯os |
novillero | neu̯os |
nueve | e-neu̯en |
nuevo | neu̯os |
nutria | 9. au̯(e)- |
obedecer | 8. au̯- |
obispo | spek̑- |
obrero | 1. op- |
ocho | ok̑tō(u) |
oda | 6. au̯- |
oir | 8. au̯- |
ojo | oku̯- |
olla | auqu̯(h)- |
ombre | g̑hðem- |
oreja | 2. ōus- |
oro | au̯es- |
ostra | ost(h)- |
otro | 2. an- |
o | 4. au- |
padre | pətḗ(r) |
pagano | pā̆k̑- |
pagar | pā̆k̑- |
paja | 2b. pel- |
palomino | 6. pel- |
panada | pā- |
panatela | pā- |
pan | pā- |
para | 2a. per- |
pasacalle | 1. pet- |
patio | pā̆k̑- |
pecadillo | 2. pē̆d- |
pecado | 2. pē̆d- |
pelo | pi-lo- |
pero | 2a. per- |
pesar | 1. (s)pen(-d)- |
peso | 1. (s)pen(-d)- |
pícaro | (s)pī̆ko- |
piedra | 2b. per- |
pie | 2. pē̆d- |
pimienta | 1. peig- |
piña | pei̯(ə)- |
piñón | pei̯(ə)- |
pinto | 1. peig- |
plata | plā̆t- |
platina | plā̆t- |
playa | 1. plā-k- |
plaza | plā̆t- |
pobre | pōu- |
poco | pōu- |
poder | poti-s |
porque | 2a. per- |
por | 2a. per- |
posada | paus- |
posar | paus- |
prado | prā- |
primavera | 2a. per- , u̯es-r̥ |
probar | 2a. per- |
pronto | em- |
prueba | 2a. per- |
púro | 1. peu- |
pulga | blou- |
puntilloso | peuk̑- |
punto | apo- , peuk̑- |
que | ku̯o- |
quiebra | kā̆pho- |
rancho | 3. (s)ker- |
real | 1. reg̑- |
remuda | 2. mei- |
renegado | 1. nĕ |
roble | reudh- |
rodear | ret(h)- |
rodeo | ret(h)- |
rollar | ret(h)- |
rueda | ret(h)- |
rumiar | reu-smen- |
saba | sap- |
saber | sap- |
sabia | sap- |
sabor | sap- |
saludo | solo- |
salud | solo- |
sal | 1. sal- |
sano | sāno-s |
sasafrás | 1. bhreg̑- |
según | 1. seku̯- |
seguida | 1. seku̯- |
seguidilla | 1. seku̯- |
seguir | 1. seku̯- |
sembrar | 2. sē(i)- |
señora | sen(o)- |
señor | sen(o)- |
ser | es- |
siesta | su̯ek̑s |
siete | septm̥ |
sino | se- |
sin | seni- |
si | se- |
sois | es- |
sol | sā́u̯el- |
sombrero | andho- |
somos | es- |
son | es- |
soy | es- |
tan | 1. to- |
techo | 1. (s)teg- |
tela | tek̑þ- |
tener | 1. ten- |
toreador | tēu- |
torear | tēu- |
torero | tēu- |
toro | tēu- |
trabajo | pā̆k̑- |
trampolín | 3. der- |
transigente | ag̑- |
transigir | ag̑- |
trashumar | g̑hðem- |
tras- | 5. ter- |
través | 3h. u̯er- |
trigo | 3. ter- |
tronada | 1. (s)ten- |
tronar | 1. (s)ten- |
vaca | u̯ā̆kā |
vaina | 1. u̯ā̆g- |
vainilla | 1. u̯ā̆g- |
vamos | u̯ādh- |
vaquero | u̯ā̆kā |
velar | u̯eg̑- |
vela | u̯eg̑- |
velo | u̯eg- |
venda | bhendh- |
vender | bhendh- |
vigilante | u̯eg̑- |
vivo | 3. gu̯ei̯- |
yerno | g̑em(e)- |
y | eti |